Unicondylar arthroplasty guiding device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of medical instruments, and provides a unicompartmental knee arthroplasty guide device which comprises a guide plate and a pressing plate, a guide hole is formed in the guide plate, and the guide plate is provided with a first attaching face used for being attached to the thighbone inner side condyle bone face; the pressing plate is connected with the guide plate and provided with a second attaching face used for being attached to the bone face of the front end of the thighbone tackle groove. By means of the thighbone inner side condyle bone surface and the thighbone trochlear groove front end bone surface, the guiding device has a large attaching range; the guiding device can be stably attached to the bone surface of the distal femur of a patient by utilizing the bony property between the front end of the femoral trochlear groove and the soft tissue of the front end of the femoral trochlear groove and the elastic state of the soft tissue of the distal femur when the knee joint is in the straightening state and the buckling state, and fixing nails do not need to be used or the using number of the fixing nails is reduced; therefore, the injury to the bones of the patient is effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of medical device technology, and more specifically, relates to a unicompartmental replacement guide device. Background Technology

[0002] Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty has been widely used to treat unicompartmental osteoarthritis of the knee. Compared with total knee arthroplasty, unicompartmental knee arthroplasty can preserve more bone volume and has a shorter operation time, faster recovery speed and better joint movement sensation.

[0003] In unicompartmental hip arthroplasty, guide devices are typically used to assist in the procedure, primarily to simplify surgical steps, shorten operation time, and minimize trauma to the patient while maintaining surgical precision. However, existing guide devices for femoral lateral management in unicompartmental hip arthroplasty require at least two fixation screws to secure the device to the femur. This leaves screw holes in the patient's bone after surgery. When there are many screw holes, it may cause fractures. Some guide devices even need to be fitted to the lateral surface of the femoral condyle, requiring the cutting of more soft tissue structures and creating a larger wound. Furthermore, as a device for implementing preoperative surgical planning and guiding the surgeon's operation, the guide device needs a unique contact point on the femur. Inaccurate contact can lead to deviations from the expected surgical outcome or even surgical failure. However, the contact point of existing guide devices is relatively small, making it easy for the device to slide on the bone surface, failing to achieve the requirement of unique contact. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a unicompartmental replacement guide device to solve the technical problems of existing guide devices causing significant damage to the patient's bones and having a small fit area.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is: to provide a unicompartmental arthroplasty guide device for femoral side treatment in mobile platform unicompartmental arthroplasty, comprising:

[0006] A guide plate, wherein the guide plate is provided with guide holes, and the guide plate is provided with a first contact surface for contacting the medial condyle of the femur; and

[0007] A clamping plate is connected to the guide plate, and the clamping plate is provided with a second contact surface for contacting the front end bone surface of the femoral trochlear groove.

[0008] Optionally, the clamping plate is a strip structure that matches the front end of the femoral trochlear groove.

[0009] Optionally, the second mating surface has a recessed area that matches the protrusion at the front end of the femoral trochlear groove.

[0010] Optionally, the guide hole includes a first guide hole and a second guide hole, wherein the axis of the first guide hole is parallel to the axis of the second guide hole.

[0011] Optionally, the guide plate has a first fixing hole at one end near the pressing plate and a second fixing hole at the other end away from the pressing plate, wherein the axis of the first fixing hole intersects the axis of the second fixing hole.

[0012] Optionally, the axis of the guide hole is parallel to the plane passing through the axis of the first fixing hole and the axis of the second fixing hole.

[0013] Optionally, the guide plate is provided with a first boss and a second boss away from the first mating surface, the first fixing hole passes through the first boss, and the second fixing hole passes through the second boss.

[0014] Optionally, the guide plate is provided with indicator markings.

[0015] Optionally, the unicompartmental replacement guide device further includes a prosthesis installation angle prediction structure and a prosthesis installation position prediction structure disposed on the guide plate. The axis of the prosthesis installation angle prediction structure intersects perpendicularly with the axis of the guide hole, and the axis of the prosthesis installation position prediction structure is perpendicular to the plane passing through the axis of the prosthesis installation angle prediction structure and the axis of the guide hole.

[0016] Optionally, the guide plate is provided with a first protrusion and a second protrusion away from the first contact surface, the guide hole passes through the first protrusion or the second protrusion, the prosthesis installation angle prediction structure is connected to the first protrusion and the second protrusion, and the prosthesis installation position prediction structure is located between the first protrusion and the second protrusion.

[0017] Optionally, an osteotomy guide block is provided at the end of the guide plate away from the clamping plate, and an osteotomy guide groove is provided on the osteotomy guide block.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the unicompartmental arthroplasty guide device provided in this application are as follows: Compared with the prior art, the unicompartmental arthroplasty guide device of this application processes positioning holes for fixing the prosthesis in the distal femur of the patient through the first guide hole and the second guide hole. By utilizing the medial femoral condyle surface and the anterior bone surface of the femoral trochlear groove, the fitting position of the guide device is designed so that the first fitting surface of the guide plate fits with the medial femoral condyle surface, and the second fitting surface of the clamping plate fits with the anterior bone surface of the femoral trochlear groove, so that the guide device has a larger fitting range, making the device less prone to displacement; by utilizing the soft tissue of the anterior end of the femoral trochlear groove... Based on the bony characteristics of the knee joint and the tightness of the distal femoral soft tissue in both extended and flexed positions, the clamping plate is inserted between the front end of the femoral trochlear groove and the soft tissue at the front end of the femoral trochlear groove when the knee joint is in an extended position. Then, the knee joint is adjusted to a flexed position, and the soft tissue at the front end of the femoral trochlear groove is pressed against the clamping plate. This ensures that the first contact surface is tightly fitted to the medial femoral condyle surface, and the second contact surface is tightly fitted to the femoral trochlear groove surface. This allows the guide device to be stably fitted onto the distal femoral bone surface without the need for fixation pins or with a reduced number of fixation pins, effectively minimizing damage to the patient's bones. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 Front view of the unicompartmental displacement guide device provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 2 Rear view of the unicompartmental displacement guide device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0022] Figure 3 The usage status of the unicompartmental displacement guide device provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 The knee joint is in an extended position;

[0023] Figure 4 The usage status of the unicompartmental displacement guide device provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 The knee joint is in an extended position;

[0024] Figure 5 The usage status of the unicompartmental displacement guide device provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 3 The knee joint is in a flexed position;

[0025] Figure 6 The usage status of the unicompartmental displacement guide device provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 4 The knee joint is in a flexed position;

[0026] Figure 7 A diagram showing the state of the distal femur after drilling, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure 8 A top view of the unicompartmental displacement guide device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0028] Figure 9 A bottom view of the unicompartmental displacement guide device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0029] Figure 10 The left side of the unicompartmental displacement guide device provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 11 Front view of the unicompartmental displacement guide device provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 12 The left side of the unicompartmental displacement guide device provided in the embodiments of this application Figure 2 ;

[0032] Figure 13 The usage status of the unicompartmental displacement guide device provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 5 ;

[0033] Figure 14 The usage status of the unicompartmental displacement guide device provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 6 ;

[0034] Figure 15 The state after posterior femoral condyle resection provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0035] Figure 16 The state after posterior femoral condyle resection provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 .

[0036] The following are the labeling elements in the figure:

[0037] 100. Guiding device; 10. Guide plate; 11. First protrusion; 111. First guide hole; 12. Second protrusion; 121. Second guide hole; 13. First mating surface; 14. First boss; 141. First fixing hole; 15. Second boss; 151. Second fixing hole; 16. Indicator mark; 17. Osteotomy guide block; 171. Osteotomy guide groove; 20. Pressing plate; 21. Second mating surface; 22. Recessed area; 30. Prosthesis installation angle prediction structure; 40. Prosthesis installation position prediction structure; 200. Femur; 201. First positioning hole; 202. Second positioning hole; 300. Tibia. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0039] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0040] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0041] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0042] Please refer to the following: Figures 1 to 16 The unicompartmental replacement guide device 100 provided in the embodiments of this application will now be described. The unicompartmental replacement guide device 100 (hereinafter referred to as guide device 100) is used for femoral 200 side processing in unicompartmental replacement surgery on a mobile platform. Specifically, it is mainly used for processing the positioning hole of the femoral condyle prosthesis (hereinafter referred to as prosthesis).

[0043] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The guiding device 100 includes a guide plate 10 and a clamping plate 20. The guide plate 10 has a guide hole and a first contact surface 13 for contacting the medial condyle of the femur. The clamping plate 20 is connected to the guide plate 10 and is positioned between the front end of the femoral trochlear groove and the soft tissue at the front end of the femoral trochlear groove. The clamping plate 20 has a second contact surface 21 for contacting the bone surface at the front end of the femoral trochlear groove.

[0044] Optionally, the guide hole includes a first guide hole 111 and a second guide hole 121. The first guide hole 111 and the second guide hole 121 are spaced apart along the length of the guide plate 10, and the axis of the first guide hole 111 is parallel to the axis of the second guide hole 121. When the guide device 100 is fixed on the distal end of the patient's femur 200 and the patient's knee joint is in a flexed state, the plane formed by the axis of the first guide hole 111 and the axis of the second guide hole 121 is approximately perpendicular to the horizontal plane.

[0045] The diameter of the first guide hole 111 is larger than the diameter of the second guide hole 121. After the guide device 100 is fixed on the distal end of the patient's femur 200, the first positioning hole 201 drilled by the drill bit through the first guide hole 111 on the distal end of the femur 200 matches the large column hole on the prosthesis. The second positioning hole 202 drilled by the drill bit through the second guide hole 121 on the distal end of the femur 200 matches the small column hole on the prosthesis. When fixing the prosthesis, the large positioning column passes through the large column hole on the prosthesis and the first positioning hole 201 on the distal end of the femur 200, and the small positioning column passes through the small column hole on the prosthesis and the second positioning hole 202 on the distal end of the femur 200, thereby fixing the prosthesis on the distal end of the femur 200. Figure 7 .

[0046] The diameter D1 of the first guide hole 111 is 6.35mm-6.75mm, and the diameter D2 of the second guide hole 121 is 4.0mm-4.4mm, specifically set according to the prosthesis. For example, prostheses from different manufacturers may differ, resulting in different values ​​for the diameter D1 of the first guide hole 111 and the diameter D2 of the second guide hole 121. For instance, in some embodiments, the diameter D1 of the first guide hole 111 is 6.55mm, and the diameter D2 of the second guide hole 121 is 4.2mm. The values ​​for the diameter D1 of the first guide hole 111 and the diameter D2 of the second guide hole 121 are stored in the database of unicompartmental arthroplasty on a mobile platform.

[0047] The length L1 between the first guide hole 111 and the second guide hole 121 is equal to the distance between the large positioning post and the small positioning post of the prosthesis. The specific value varies depending on the prosthesis manufacturer and is stored in the database of the mobile platform unicompartmental arthroplasty.

[0048] Optionally, the guide plate 10 and the clamping plate 20 are integrally formed, which makes the single-tube replacement guide device 100 have better overall integrity and more stable structure.

[0049] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, since the guide plate 10 and the clamping plate 20 are integrally formed, in order to facilitate the distinction between the guide plate 10 and the clamping plate 20, when the guide device 100 is fixed on the distal end of the patient's femur 200, the part of the guide device 100 that is clamped between the soft tissue at the front end of the femoral trochlear groove and the front end of the femoral trochlear groove is the clamping plate 20, and the other part is the guide plate 10.

[0050] Both the guide plate 10 and the clamping plate 20 are arc-shaped plates, meaning that the guide device 100 as a whole has an arc-shaped structure. The first contact surface 13 is an arc-shaped surface that matches the medial condyle of the femur, and the second contact surface 21 is an arc-shaped surface that matches the anterior bone surface of the trochlear groove of the femur. This ensures that when the soft tissue at the anterior end of the trochlear groove is in a taut state, the first contact surface 13 is completely in contact with the medial condyle of the femur, and the second contact surface 21 is completely in contact with the anterior bone surface of the trochlear groove of the femur.

[0051] Compared with the prior art, the unicompartmental arthroplasty guide device 100 provided in this application has a positioning hole for fixing the prosthesis processed in the distal end of the patient's femur 200 through a guide hole. By utilizing the medial femoral condyle surface and the anterior bone surface of the femoral trochlear groove, the fitting position of the guide device 100 is designed so that the first fitting surface 13 of the guide plate 10 fits with the medial femoral condyle surface, and the second fitting surface 21 of the clamping plate 20 fits with the anterior bone surface of the femoral trochlear groove. This gives the guide device 100 a larger fitting range, making the device less prone to displacement. By utilizing the bony structure between the anterior end of the femoral trochlear groove and the soft tissue at the anterior end of the femoral trochlear groove, the guide device 100 has a larger fitting range. The characteristics and the tension of the distal soft tissue of the femur 200 in the extended and flexed states of the knee joint are as follows: When the knee joint is in the extended state, the clamping plate 20 is inserted between the front end of the femoral trochlear groove and the soft tissue at the front end of the femoral trochlear groove. After adjusting the knee joint to the flexed state, the soft tissue at the front end of the femoral trochlear groove is pressed against the clamping plate 20, so that the first contact surface 13 is closely attached to the medial femoral condyle surface and the second contact surface 21 is closely attached to the front bone surface of the femoral trochlear groove. This achieves stable attachment of the guide device 100 to the bone surface at the distal end of the patient's femur 200 without the need for fixation pins or by reducing the number of fixation pins used, thereby effectively reducing damage to the patient's bones.

[0052] Specifically, when using the guide device 100, the patient's knee joint is adjusted to a straight position, such as... Figure 3 and such Figure 4This allows the soft tissue at the anterior end of the femoral trochlear groove to be in a relaxed state. The clamping plate 20 is inserted from the anterior and medial sides of the femur 200 to the anterior end of the femoral trochlear groove, with the clamping plate 20 positioned between the anterior end of the femoral trochlear groove and the soft tissue at the anterior end of the femoral trochlear groove. Specifically, when the patient's knee joint is in an extended state, the soft tissue at the distal end of the femur 200 is in a relaxed state. Understandably, the soft tissue at the anterior end of the femoral trochlear groove is also in a relaxed state. There is a gap between the anterior end of the femoral trochlear groove and the soft tissue at the anterior end of the femoral trochlear groove, through which the clamping plate 20 can be inserted to the anterior end of the femoral trochlear groove without adding an extra surgical wound. Compared to the existing guide device 100, which requires complete exposure of the bone at the fitting position, the guide device 100 of this application embodiment effectively reduces harm to the patient. Adjust the patient's knee joint to a flexed position, so that the soft tissue at the anterior end of the trochlear groove is taut. The soft tissue at the anterior end of the femoral trochlear groove is pressed firmly against the pressure plate 20, ensuring that the first contact surface 13 is in close contact with the medial femoral condyle surface, and the second contact surface 21 is in close contact with the anterior femoral trochlear groove bone surface. Specifically, when the patient's knee joint is in a flexed position, as... Figure 5 and such Figure 6 The soft tissue at the distal end of the femur 200 is in a taut state. Understandably, the soft tissue at the anterior end of the femoral trochlear groove is also in a taut state. At this time, the soft tissue at the anterior end of the femoral trochlear groove is pressed against the clamping plate 20, so that the guide device 100 is more stably attached to the bone surface at the distal end of the patient's femur 200. There is no need to use fixation pins to fix the guide device 100 or the number of fixation pins used can be reduced, thereby reducing damage to the patient's femur 200.

[0053] Furthermore, some existing guide devices 100 require adjusting and maintaining the patient's knee joint in a specific position during surgery before assembling the guide device 100. This operation is complex, and adjusting and maintaining the patient in a specific position is difficult, thus not significantly simplifying the procedure or shortening the operation time. In contrast, this application only requires the guide device 100 to be successfully attached to the distal femur 200 bone surface, without any special requirements on the patient's position, thereby effectively simplifying the surgical steps and shortening the operation time.

[0054] It should be noted that during the process of the patient's knee joint switching from an extended state to a flexed state, even if the guide device 100 deviates slightly, after the patient's knee joint is in a flexed state, the guide device 100 can be shaken to automatically adjust the correct fitting position, so that the first fitting surface 13 is accurately and tightly fitted with the medial femoral condyle surface, and the second fitting surface 21 is accurately and tightly fitted with the anterior bone surface of the femoral trochlear groove, thus achieving accurate fitting.

[0055] In some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 The clamping plate 20 is a strip structure that matches the front end of the femoral trochlear groove.

[0056] Specifically, the clamping plate 20 is located at one end of the guide plate 10. The clamping plate 20 is long and narrow, and its width gradually decreases in the direction away from the guide plate 10. This makes the shape of the clamping plate 20 similar to the shape of the front end of the femoral trochlear groove and its inner structure, which effectively ensures that the clamping plate 20 can be smoothly and accurately inserted into the front end of the femoral trochlear groove when the patient is in an extended position, while also effectively ensuring the strength of the clamping plate 20.

[0057] Optionally, the thickness of the clamping plate 20 is 3mm-4mm, and the maximum width of the clamping plate 20 is 10mm-13mm. For example, the thickness of the clamping plate 20 is 4mm, and the maximum width of the clamping plate 20 is 12mm.

[0058] In some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 9 The second mating surface 21 is provided with a recessed area 22 that matches the protrusion at the front end of the femoral trochlear groove.

[0059] Specifically, there is a protrusion between the cortical bone at the inner edge of the anterior end of the femoral trochlear groove and the soft tissue at the anterior end of the femoral trochlear groove. The area of ​​the second mating surface 21 corresponding to the protrusion is set as the concave area 22, so that when the second mating surface 21 is mated to the bone surface at the anterior end of the femoral trochlear groove, the concave area 22 is mated to the protrusion. Understandably, since the protrusion is a unique structure at the anterior end of the femoral trochlear groove, the guide device 100 can be fitted to the distal bone surface of the femur 200 based on the bony characteristics of the anterior end of the femoral trochlear groove. When the concave area 22 of the second fitting surface 21 matches the protrusion at the anterior end of the femoral trochlear groove, it indicates that the second fitting surface 21 is accurately fitted to the anterior bone surface of the femoral trochlear groove, and the first fitting surface 13 is accurately fitted to the medial condyle of the femur. This means that the guide device 100 is accurately fitted to the distal bone surface of the femur 200. Thus, the surgeon can more accurately and quickly fit the guide device 100 to the distal end of the femur 200 based on this characteristic.

[0060] Optionally, the surface morphology of the pressure plate 20 facing away from the second contact surface 21 is opposite to that of the second contact surface 21. For example, the portion of the surface of the pressure plate 20 facing away from the second contact surface 21 corresponding to the concave portion of the second contact surface 21 is a convex portion, and the portion of the surface of the pressure plate 20 facing away from the second contact surface 21 corresponding to the convex portion of the second contact surface 21 is a concave portion. This makes the thickness of the pressure plate 20 uniform throughout. Thus, when the second contact surface 21 is fully in contact with the front end of the femoral trochlear groove, the soft tissue at the front end of the femoral trochlear groove is fully in contact with the surface of the pressure plate 20 facing away from the second contact surface 21. This effectively increases the contact area between the soft tissue at the front end of the femoral trochlear groove and the surface of the pressure plate 20 facing away from the second contact surface 21, allowing the guide device 100 to be stably attached to the bone surface at the distal end of the patient's femur 200.

[0061] In some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The guide plate 10 has a first fixing hole 141 at one end near the pressure plate 20 and a second fixing hole 151 at the other end away from the pressure plate 20. The axis of the first fixing hole 141 intersects the axis of the second fixing hole 151. The fixing of the guide device 100 is strengthened by selectively inserting fixing nails into the first fixing hole 141 or by inserting fixing nails into the first fixing hole 141 and the second fixing hole 151 respectively.

[0062] When it is necessary to enhance the stability of the guide device 100 fixed to the distal end of the patient's femur 200, the surgeon can choose to insert a fixation screw into the first fixation hole 141 or into the first fixation hole 141 and the second fixation hole 151, depending on the needs. Specifically, when only one fixation screw needs to be inserted, it is preferable to insert the fixation screw into the first fixation hole 141. Since the first fixation hole 141 is located at one end of the guide plate 10 near the clamping plate 20, the first fixation hole 141 is approximately located in the middle of the guide device 100. Thus, by inserting the fixation screw into the first fixation hole 141 along the axial direction and connecting it to the distal end of the patient's femur 200, the stability of the connection between the guide device 100 and the distal end of the patient's femur 200 can be effectively guaranteed. The number of second fixation holes 151 can be one or more. When the number of second fixation holes 151 is multiple, for example, two second fixation holes 151 are arranged laterally spaced along the guide plate 10, and the axes of the two second fixation holes 151 are parallel. When two fixation screws are required, one fixation screw is inserted into the first fixation hole 141 and one of the second fixation holes 151. Since the first fixation hole 141 is located near the end of the clamping plate 20 and the second fixation hole 151 is located away from the clamping plate 20, one fixation screw is inserted into the first fixation hole 141 along the axial direction and connected to the distal end of the patient's femur 200. The other fixation screw is inserted into the second fixation hole 151 along the axial direction and connected to the distal end of the patient's femur 200. This fixes both ends of the guide plate 10. The axis of the first fixation hole 141 intersects the axis of the second fixation hole 151, effectively preventing the guide device 100 from coming out along the direction of the fixation screw, and making the fixation of the guide device 100 more stable.

[0063] It should be noted that when there are multiple second fixation holes 151, and it is necessary to select one of the second fixation holes 151 to insert the fixation pin, the surgeon can choose the second fixation hole 151 that is convenient for their operation. For example, if there are two second fixation holes 151, when the surgeon is positioned near the left side of the guide device 100 during the operation, they can choose to insert the fixation pin in the second fixation hole 151 located on the left side of the guide plate 10; when the surgeon is positioned near the right side of the guide device 100 during the operation, they can choose to insert the fixation pin in the second fixation hole 151 located on the right side of the guide plate 10.

[0064] Please see Figure 10 The included angle A1 between the first fixing hole 141 and the second fixing hole 151 is 30°-50°. When A1 is less than 30°, it is too small, resulting in poor fixation of the guide device 100 when one fixing pin is driven into each of the first fixing hole 141 and one of the second fixing holes 151. When A1 is greater than 50°, the range between the two fixing pins driven into the first fixing hole 141 and the second fixing hole 151 is too large outside the guide plate 10, affecting the operator's operation.

[0065] Optionally, the included angle A1 between the first fixation hole 141 and the second fixation shaft hole is 40°. When a fixation nail is driven into the first fixation hole 141 and one of the second fixation holes 151, the stability of the guide device 100 fixed on the distal end of the patient's femur 200 is effectively enhanced. Moreover, the range between the two fixation nails driven into the first fixation hole 141 and the second fixation hole 151 is small outside the guide plate 10, which will not affect the operator's operation.

[0066] The diameter D3 of the first fixation hole 141 is equal to the diameter D4 of the second fixation hole 151. The specific values ​​vary depending on the prosthesis manufacturer and are stored in the database of mobile platform unicompartmental arthroplasty. Optionally, the diameter D3 of the first fixation hole 141 and the diameter D4 of the second fixation hole 151 are both 3.35 mm.

[0067] In some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 10 The axis of the guide hole is parallel to the plane passing through the axis of the first fixing hole 141 and the axis of the second fixing hole 151. In other words, the axis of the first fixing hole 141 and the axis of the second fixing hole 151 are both parallel to the plane formed by the axis of the first guide hole 111 and the axis of the second guide hole 121, so as to prevent the fixing pins inserted into the first fixing hole 141 and the fixing pins inserted into the second fixing hole 151 from interfering with the drill bits inserted into the first guide hole 111 and the drill bits inserted into the second guide hole 121.

[0068] The first guide hole 111 and the second guide hole 121 are located between the first fixing hole 141 and the second fixing hole 151 along the length of the guide plate 10. The axis of the first fixing hole 141 is parallel to the plane formed by the axis of the first guide hole 111 and the axis of the second guide hole 121, so that the fixing pin driven into the first fixing hole 141 along the axial direction of the first fixing hole 141 will not interfere with the large drill bit drilled into the first guide hole 111 along the axial direction of the first guide hole 111, nor will it interfere with the small drill bit drilled into the second guide hole 121 along the axial direction of the second guide hole 121. The axis of the second fixing hole 151 is parallel to the plane formed by the axis of the first guide hole 111 and the axis of the second guide hole 121. Therefore, the fixing pin driven into the second fixing hole 151 along the axis of the second fixing hole 151 will not interfere with the large drill bit drilled into the first guide hole 111 along the axis of the first guide hole 111, nor with the small drill bit drilled into the second guide hole 121 along the axis of the second guide hole 121. In this way, the surgeon does not need to worry about the fixing pin inserted into the first fixing hole 141 or the fixing pin inserted into the second fixing hole 151 interfering with the drill bit drilled into the first guide hole 111 or the drill bit drilled into the second guide hole 121 during the operation, which facilitates the operation of the surgeon.

[0069] In some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 10 The guide plate 10 is provided with a first boss 14 and a second boss 15 opposite to the first mating surface 13. The first fixing hole 141 passes through the first boss 14 and the second fixing hole 151 passes through the second boss 15.

[0070] The first boss 14 is located at the end of the guide plate 10 near the pressing plate 20, and the second boss 15 is located at the end of the guide plate 10 away from the pressing plate 20.

[0071] Optionally, the first boss 14 and the second boss 15 are rectangular platforms. Of course, the first boss 14 and the second boss 15 can also be cylindrical platforms, triangular platforms or other irregularly shaped bosses.

[0072] By providing a first boss 14, with a first fixing hole 141 extending through it, the length of the first fixing hole 141 is increased. This facilitates increasing the depth of the fixing pin insertion into the first fixing hole 141 and restricting the position of the fixing pin insertion into the first fixing hole 141, thereby enhancing the stability of the fixing pin insertion into the first fixing hole 141 and making it easier to control the position of the fixing pin insertion into the first fixing hole 141. Similarly, by providing a second boss 15, with a second fixing hole 151 extending through it, the length of the second fixing hole 151 is increased. This facilitates increasing the depth of the fixing pin insertion into the second fixing hole 151 and restricting the position of the fixing pin insertion into the second fixing hole 151, thereby enhancing the stability of the fixing pin insertion into the second fixing hole 151 and making it easier to control the position of the fixing pin insertion into the second fixing hole 151.

[0073] In some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 9 The guide plate 10 is equipped with an indicator mark 16.

[0074] The prompts mainly include surgical information, guide device 100 type information, and patient information. Surgical information primarily includes the bone to which the guide device 100 is adapted and the installation direction of the guide device 100. Guide device 100 type information mainly includes the surgical procedure code to which the guide device 100 is adapted and the guide device 100 type code in that surgical procedure. Patient information mainly includes the patient's initials, the affected side code, and the patient number. By setting indicator labels 16 on the guide plate 10, the surgeon can quickly understand relevant information during the operation, which helps improve surgical efficiency.

[0075] Optionally, the prompts are marked on the first protrusion 14 and the second protrusion 15 respectively for easy reading by the surgeon. The installation direction information of the guide device 100 can be indicated by an arrow. Before installing the guide device 100, adjust the direction of the guide device 100 so that the surgical information faces outwards, allowing the surgeon to read the surgical information. The arrow points to the distal end of the femur 200.

[0076] In some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 10The device 100 further includes a prosthesis installation angle prediction structure 30 and a prosthesis installation position prediction structure 40 disposed on the guide plate 10. The prosthesis installation angle prediction structure 30 is used to predict the angle between the prosthesis midline and the osteotomy surface of the tibia 300, and the prosthesis installation position prediction structure 40 is used to predict the position of the prosthesis on the femoral condyle. The axis of the prosthesis installation angle prediction structure 30 is perpendicularly intersecting the axis of the guide hole, and the axis of the prosthesis installation position prediction structure 40 is perpendicular to the plane passing through the axis of the prosthesis installation angle prediction structure (30) and the axis of the guide hole. Specifically, the axis of the prosthesis installation angle prediction structure 30 is located in the plane formed by the axis of the first guide hole 111 and the axis of the second guide hole 121, and the axis of the prosthesis installation angle prediction structure 30 is perpendicular to the axis of the first guide hole 111 and the axis of the second guide hole 121. The axis of the prosthesis installation position prediction structure 40 is perpendicular to the axis of the prosthesis installation angle prediction structure 30, the axis of the first guide hole 111, and the axis of the second guide hole 121.

[0077] Since the first guide hole 111 and the second guide hole 121 are spaced apart along the length of the guide plate 10, and the axis of the first guide hole 111 is parallel to the axis of the second guide hole 121, the axis of the prosthesis installation angle prediction structure 30 is located in the plane formed by the axis of the first guide hole 111 and the axis of the second guide hole 121, and the axis of the prosthesis installation angle prediction structure 30 is perpendicular to the axis of the first guide hole 111 and the axis of the second guide hole 121. Thus, after the guide device 100 is stably attached to the distal end of the patient's femur 200, the surgeon can determine the angle between the prosthesis midline and the osteotomy surface of the tibia 300 based on the prosthesis installation angle prediction structure 30. By aligning the axis of the prosthesis installation position prediction structure 40 perpendicular to the axis of the prosthesis installation angle prediction structure 30, the axis of the first guide hole 111, and the axis of the second guide hole 121, the axial direction of the prosthesis installation position prediction structure 40 is perpendicular to the prosthesis midline. After the guide device 100 is stably fitted onto the distal end of the patient's femur 200, the surgeon can predict the position of the prosthesis on the femoral condyle based on the prosthesis installation position prediction structure 40. After the surgeon predicts the position based on the prosthesis installation angle prediction structure 30 and the prosthesis installation position prediction structure 40, the surgeon can determine whether it is necessary to reinstall the guide device 100 to adjust its position, or whether to continue using the guide device 100, or whether to adjust the tibial 300 side treatment, etc.

[0078] Specifically, the use of the guide device 100 directly affects the installation position of the prosthesis. Generally, the tibial 300 side is treated first, followed by the femoral 200 side. Since the prosthesis installation angle prediction structure 30 is parallel to the midline of the prosthesis to be installed, the surgeon can determine the angular relationship between the prosthesis and the horizontal osteotomy surface of the tibia 300 before treating the femoral 200 side. The axis of the prosthesis installation position prediction structure 40 is perpendicular to the midline of the prosthesis to be installed, and the length L4 of the prosthesis installation position prediction structure 40 is the same as the width of the prosthesis. The specific values ​​are stored in a database. The surgeon can predict the width position of the prosthesis on the medial femoral condyle and its relative position to the tibial 300 prosthesis by comparing the width of the prosthesis installation position prediction structure 40 with that of the medial femoral condyle. Thus, by predicting the prosthesis installation angle of structure 30 and the prosthesis installation position of structure 40, the surgeon can make an effective reference for whether the installation position of the guide device 100 needs to be adjusted, whether the guide device 100 should continue to be used, or whether the tibial 300 side treatment needs to be adjusted and how to adjust it.

[0079] In some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 10 The guide plate 10 has a first protrusion 11 and a second protrusion 12 opposite to the first mating surface 13, and a guide hole passes through either the first protrusion 11 or the second protrusion 12. Specifically, the first guide hole 111 passes through the first protrusion 11, and the second guide hole 121 passes through the second protrusion 12. The prosthesis installation angle prediction structure 30 is connected to the first protrusion 11 and the second protrusion 12, and the prosthesis installation position prediction structure 40 is located between the first protrusion 11 and the second protrusion 12.

[0080] The first protrusion 11 and the second protrusion 12 are spaced apart along the length of the guide plate 10 and are located between the first boss 14 and the second boss 15.

[0081] The lengths L2 of the first protrusion 11 and L3 of the second protrusion 12 vary depending on the type of prosthesis, and the specific values ​​differ depending on the prosthesis manufacturer. These values ​​are stored in the database for mobile platform unicompartmental arthroplasty. Optionally, the lengths L2 of the first protrusion 11 and L3 of the second protrusion 12 are equal, and both are 38.5 mm.

[0082] The first guide hole 111 extends through the first protrusion 11, lengthening the first guide hole 111. This facilitates increasing the depth of the drill bit insertion into the first guide hole 111 and restricting its position within the hole. For example, during drilling along the first guide hole 111, drilling stops when the limiting surface of the large drill bit contacts the end face of the first protrusion 11 away from the guide plate 10. Similarly, the second guide hole 121 extends through the second protrusion 12, lengthening the second guide hole 121. This also facilitates increasing the depth of the drill bit insertion into the second guide hole 121 and restricting its position within the hole. For example, during drilling along the second guide hole 121, drilling stops when the limiting surface of the large drill bit contacts the end face of the second protrusion 12 away from the guide plate 10.

[0083] The prosthesis installation angle prediction structure 30 is located at the end of the first protrusion 11 and the second protrusion 12 away from the guide plate 10, and the prosthesis installation position prediction structure 40 is located at the end of the first protrusion 11 and the second protrusion 12 closer to the guide plate 10. Understandably, the prosthesis installation position prediction structure 40 is positioned close to the guide plate 10, allowing the surgeon to accurately and intuitively predict the prosthesis installation position by touching the relative position of the edge of the prosthesis installation position prediction structure 40 with their thumb and forefinger against the edge of the medial femoral condyle. Alternatively, the relative position between the end face of the prosthesis installation position prediction structure 40 and the femoral condyle can be visually estimated.

[0084] Optionally, both the prosthesis installation angle prediction structure 30 and the prosthesis installation position prediction structure 40 are cylindrical, and the specific values ​​of the diameter D5 of the prosthesis installation angle prediction structure 30 and the diameter D6 of the prosthesis installation position prediction structure 40 are stored in the database of mobile platform unicompartmental arthroplasty. Optionally, the diameter D5 of the prosthesis installation angle prediction structure 30 and the diameter D6 of the prosthesis installation position prediction structure 40 are both 4 mm.

[0085] In some embodiments of this application, please refer to Figure 11 and Figure 12 The guide plate 10 is provided with an osteotomy guide block 17 at the end away from the pressure plate 20. The osteotomy guide block 17 has an osteotomy guide groove 171, which is used to provide osteotomy guidance for the posterior condyle of the femur.

[0086] Optionally, the osteotomy guide block 17 is connected to the second boss 15, and the osteotomy guide block 17 is located on the side of the guide plate 10 opposite to the first mating surface 13. Of course, in other embodiments, the osteotomy guide block 17 can also be directly connected to the guide plate 10.

[0087] exist Figure 12From the viewing angle, the projection of the central axis of the osteotomy guide groove 171 is parallel to the projection of the axis of the first guide hole 111 and the projection of the axis of the second guide hole 121, effectively preventing interference between the osteotomy blade inserted into the osteotomy guide groove 171 and the drill bit inserted into the first guide hole 111 and the drill bit inserted into the second guide hole 121. The projection of the central axis of the osteotomy guide groove 171 intersects with the projection of the axis of the second fixation hole 151. Optionally, the angle A2 between the projection of the central axis of the osteotomy guide groove 171 and the projection of the axis of the second fixation hole 151 is 20°-30°, for example, A2 is 25°, so that the osteotomy blade accurately removes the posterior condyle of the femur under the guidance of the osteotomy guide groove 171, while effectively avoiding interference between the osteotomy blade and the fixation screw inserted into the second fixation hole 151.

[0088] Please see Figure 13 and Figure 14 The specific steps for using the osteotomy guide groove 171 to assist the surgeon in resecting the posterior femoral condyle are as follows: After completing the processing of the first positioning hole 201 and the second positioning hole 202, the patient's knee joint is kept in a flexed position. Fixation screws can be inserted into the first fixation hole 141 or the first fixation hole 141 and the second fixation hole 151 respectively to strengthen the fixation of the guide device 100. The osteotomy blade is inserted into the osteotomy guide groove 171 to perform the posterior femoral condyle osteotomy. Figure 15 and such Figure 16 It should be noted that during osteotomy, the upper surface of the osteotomy blade must be kept in close contact with the upper surface of the osteotomy guide groove 171. This allows the surgeon to press down on the osteotomy blade after it is inserted into the osteotomy guide groove 171, allowing the osteotomy blade to bend slightly. Under the action of its own elasticity, the upper surface of the osteotomy blade will keep in close contact with the upper surface of the osteotomy guide groove 171.

[0089] By creating an osteotomy guide groove 171 at the end of the guide plate 10 away from the clamping plate 20, and after machining the positioning hole on the distal end of the patient's femur 200, the patient's knee joint is kept in a flexed position. With the assistance of the osteotomy guide groove 171, the surgeon removes the posterior femoral condyle of the patient's femur. There is no need to change to a device specifically used for guiding the removal of the posterior femoral condyle. It can be understood that the guide device 100 used to machine the positioning hole on the distal end of the femur 200 and the guide device 100 used to assist in the removal of the posterior femoral condyle are the same instrument, which effectively simplifies the surgical procedure, reduces the use of medical instruments, effectively shortens the time for the treatment of the femur 200 side, and saves the cost of using instruments.

[0090] The specific steps for using the guide device 100 are as follows:

[0091] Step S10: Preoperative confirmation indicator 16.

[0092] Step S20: Adjust the patient's knee joint to a straight position, so that the soft tissue at the anterior end of the femoral trochlear groove is relaxed. Insert the clamping plate 20 from the anterior and medial sides of the femur 200 to the anterior end of the femoral trochlear groove, with the clamping plate 20 positioned between the anterior end of the femoral trochlear groove and the soft tissue at the anterior end of the femoral trochlear groove. Figure 3 and such Figure 4 .

[0093] Step S30: Adjust the patient's knee joint to a flexed position, so that the soft tissue at the anterior end of the trochlear groove is taut, and the soft tissue at the anterior end of the femoral trochlear groove is pressed against the clamping plate 20, so that the first contact surface 13 is in close contact with the medial femoral condyle surface, and the second contact surface 21 is in close contact with the anterior end of the femoral trochlear groove bone surface, as shown. Figure 5 and such Figure 6 .

[0094] Step S40: The surgeon predicts the position of the prosthesis based on the prosthesis installation angle prediction structure 30 and the prosthesis installation position prediction structure 40.

[0095] Step S50: The surgeon decides whether or not to insert fixation screws based on the surgical situation.

[0096] Step S60: Using a large drill bit, drill a first positioning hole 201 on the distal end of the patient's femur 200 through the first guide hole 111; using a small drill bit, drill a second positioning hole 202 on the distal end of the patient's femur 200 through the second guide hole. Figure 7 .

[0097] Step S70: If the guide device 100 has an osteotomy guide groove 171, insert the osteotomy blade into the osteotomy guide groove 171 to perform a posterior femoral condyle osteotomy. Figure 13 As for Figure 16 .

[0098] Step S80: If there is a fixation pin, remove the fixation pin, adjust the patient's knee joint position, such as reducing the knee flexion angle, pull out the guide device 100, and proceed with the next steps.

[0099] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A unicompartmental arthroplasty guide device (100) for femoral (200) side treatment in unicompartmental arthroplasty on a moving platform, characterized in that, include: Guide plate (10), the guide plate (10) having a guide hole, the guide plate (10) having a first contact surface (13) for contacting the medial condyle of the femur; and A clamping plate (20) is connected to the guide plate (10), and the clamping plate (20) is provided with a second contact surface (21) for contacting the front end bone surface of the femoral trochlear groove.

2. The unicompartmental displacement guide device (100) as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping plate (20) is a strip structure that matches the front end of the femoral trochlear groove.

3. The unicompartmental displacement guide device (100) as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The second contact surface (21) is provided with a recessed area (22) that matches the protrusion at the front end of the femoral trochlear groove.

4. The unicompartmental displacement guide device (100) as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The guide hole includes a first guide hole (111) and a second guide hole (121), wherein the axis of the first guide hole (111) is parallel to the axis of the second guide hole (121).

5. The unicompartmental displacement guide device (100) as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The guide plate (10) has a first fixing hole (141) at one end near the pressing plate (20), and a second fixing hole (151) at the other end away from the pressing plate (20). The axis of the first fixing hole (141) intersects the axis of the second fixing hole (151).

6. The unicompartmental displacement guide device (100) as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The axis of the guide hole is parallel to the plane passing through the axis of the first fixing hole (141) and the axis of the second fixing hole (151).

7. The unicompartmental displacement guide device (100) as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The guide plate (10) is provided with a first boss (14) and a second boss (15) opposite to the first mating surface (13). The first fixing hole (141) passes through the first boss (14), and the second fixing hole (151) passes through the second boss (15).

8. The unicompartmental displacement guide device (100) as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: The guide plate (10) is provided with an indicator mark (16).

9. The unicompartmental displacement guide device (100) as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: It also includes a prosthesis installation angle prediction structure (30) and a prosthesis installation position prediction structure (40) disposed on the guide plate (10). The axis of the prosthesis installation angle prediction structure (30) intersects the axis of the guide hole perpendicularly, and the axis of the prosthesis installation position prediction structure (40) is perpendicular to the plane passing through the axis of the prosthesis installation angle prediction structure (30) and the axis of the guide hole.

10. The unicompartmental displacement guide device (100) as described in claim 9, characterized in that: The guide plate (10) is provided with a first protrusion (11) and a second protrusion (12) away from the first contact surface (13). The guide hole passes through the first protrusion (11) or the second protrusion (12). The prosthesis installation angle prediction structure (30) is connected to the first protrusion (11) and the second protrusion (12). The prosthesis installation position prediction structure (40) is located between the first protrusion (11) and the second protrusion (12).

11. The unicompartmental displacement guide device (100) as described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: The guide plate (10) is provided with an osteotomy guide block (17) at one end away from the pressure plate (20), and an osteotomy guide groove (171) is provided on the osteotomy guide block (17).

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