Smart optical film systems and methods with adjustable light transmittance
By utilizing the polarization unit and adjustment module in the intelligent optical film system, and employing electrochromic materials and lithium-ion migration technology, the problem of the unadjustable transmittance of traditional optical films is solved, enabling rapid and stable transmittance adjustment to adapt to dynamic lighting environments.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- 中科宝溢视觉科技(江苏)有限公司
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-16
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-04
AI Technical Summary
Traditional optical films have non-adjustable transmittance, slow response speed, and poor cycle stability, making them difficult to adapt to dynamic lighting environments.
Design an intelligent optical film system comprising a lens unit and a polarization unit. Utilizing a polarizing mirror and optical film structure, the voltage of the electrochromic material is controlled by an adjustment module to achieve rapid and stable adjustment of the transmittance. A spiropyran compound and an indium tin oxide transparent electrode layer are employed, along with lithium ions migrating within the strip-shaped channel, to achieve dynamic adjustment of the transmittance.
It achieves rapid response and stable adjustment of optical film transmittance, adapts to different lighting environments, and improves the response speed and cycle stability of the film system.
Smart Images
Figure CN121348628B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical film technology, and more particularly to an intelligent optical film system and method with adjustable transmittance. Background Technology
[0002] Optical film systems are a technological system that modulates the characteristics of light waves through multilayer dielectric thin films. Their core principle is based on the interference effect of light, optimizing functions such as reflection, transmission, and polarization through precise design of film thickness and material refractive index. They are commonly used in imaging systems and display technologies. Traditional optical films (such as polarizing films and antireflective films) employ fixed film designs with unadjustable transmittance, making them unsuitable for dynamic lighting environments. While common electrochromic films adjust transmittance by changing the refractive index, their reliance on ion migration mechanisms results in slow response speeds and poor cycle stability. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems existing in the prior art by proposing an optical film system and method with rapidly and stably adjustable light transmittance.
[0004] The technical solution of the present invention: a smart optical film system with adjustable light transmittance, comprising: Lens unit; And a polarization unit disposed on one side of the lens unit, the polarization unit being used to separate or combine the light beam passing through the optical lens; The polarization unit includes a polarizing mirror, and the surface of the polarizing mirror is provided with an optical film structure. The optical film structure includes a base layer, a functional layer, and a protective layer that are sequentially pressed together. The base layer is a highly transparent polyester film layer, and the protective layer is a polymethylsiloxane coating. It also includes an adjustment module connected to a polarizing mirror, which can adjust the transmittance of the functional layer according to an external control signal. The adjustment module includes controlling the voltage between the two electrodes of the electrochromic material. Optionally, the functional layer includes two transparent electrode layers and an electrochromic layer located in the middle of the two transparent electrode layers, wherein one of the transparent electrode layers is located below the highly transparent polyester film layer and the other transparent electrode layer is located above the polymethylsiloxane coating.
[0005] Optionally, the surface of the high-transparency polyester film is treated with plasma, and the thickness of the high-transparency polyester film is less than 200 μm. The electrochromic material is selected from spiropyran compounds, and nano-silicon nitride modified with n-octyltrimethoxysilane is used as the conductive medium.
[0006] Optionally, the transparent electrode layer is made of indium tin oxide, and a plurality of strip channels are provided on the side of the transparent electrode layer near the electrochromic layer, the strip channels being filled with liquid crystal polymer.
[0007] Optionally, the electrochromic layer is bonded between the middle of the two transparent electrode layers, and the electrochromic layer is made of tungsten trioxide and lithium-ion doped polymer, which changes the light transmittance through redox reaction under the action of an electric field.
[0008] Optionally, under the action of an electric field, lithium ions in the electrochromic layer can migrate within the strip channels to ensure uniform color change.
[0009] Optionally, the polymethylsiloxane coating comprises polyolefin and PET resin, prepared by a sol-gel method, using a stacking and pressing process to lay the polyolefin and PET resin in layers and alternately stack and press them together.
[0010] Optionally, a silicon dioxide transition layer is provided between the electrochromic layer and the transparent electrode layer, and a plurality of through holes are uniformly formed on the silicon dioxide transition layer, and the through holes and the strip channel are staggered.
[0011] Optionally, the adjustment module includes a sensor unit, which includes a light sensor and a temperature sensor. The light sensor is used to collect the ambient light intensity where the optical film system is located, and the temperature sensor is used to collect the ambient temperature where the optical film system is located.
[0012] A method for adjusting the transmittance of a smart optical film system includes the following steps: S1. By setting the control module, the light sensor in the sensor unit uses the light intensity of the current external environment, and matches the voltage in the corresponding drive circuit with the corresponding light intensity. The drive circuit outputs the corresponding voltage value to the transparent electrode layer. S2. When a voltage is applied to the transparent electrode layer, the electrochromic layer can undergo an oxidation-reduction reaction under the action of an electric field, and the corresponding lithium ions can migrate in the strip channel, thereby changing the light transmittance of the optical film system.
[0013] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: This invention, through the functional layer set in the optical film system, and the transparent electrode layer and electrochromic layer in the corresponding functional layer, together with the set adjustment module, can adjust the voltage connected to the electrochromic layer according to the external light intensity or actual needs, and achieve rapid adjustment of light transmittance through the rapid movement of lithium ions in the strip channel. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the optical film system of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view schematic diagram of the overall layered structure of the optical film on the polarizing mirror of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a side view of the overall layered structure of the functional layer of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view of the functional layer structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a side view of the silicon dioxide transition layer structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the process for adjusting the transmittance of the optical film system of the present invention.
[0015] Reference numerals: 1. Substrate layer; 2. Functional layer; 21. Transparent electrode layer; 211. Strip channel; 22. Electrochromic layer; 3. Protective layer; 4. Silica transition layer; 41. Through hole. Detailed Implementation
[0016] The technical solution of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0017] The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application.
[0018] Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0019] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "both ends," "one end," and "the other end," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0020] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.
[0021] Example 1: Refer to Appendix Figures 1-5 As shown, the intelligent optical film system with adjustable transmittance proposed in this invention includes a lens unit; and a polarization unit disposed on one side of the lens unit, the polarization unit being used to separate or combine light beams passing through the optical lens; in this application, the optical film system can be applied in multiple fields, regarding light transmission, in this application, refer to the appendix Figure 2 The image shows an optical model designed for the transmission of light, corresponding to the attached... Figure 5 In this context, the polarizing mirror is a part of the polarizing unit. Specifically, the polarizing unit includes the polarizing mirror, and the surface of the polarizing mirror is provided with an optical film structure. The optical film structure includes a base layer 1, a functional layer 2, and a protective layer 3, which are sequentially laminated together. The base layer 1 is a highly transparent polyester film layer; the functional layer 2 includes a transparent electrode layer 21 and an electrochromic layer 22; and the protective layer 3 is a polymethylsiloxane coating. (See attached diagram.) Figure 2 As shown in the figure, in this application, the light transmittance of the functional layer 2 can be changed by passing electricity through the functional layer 2, so that the optical film system can be applied in different fields, such as automobile windshields or building exterior walls.
[0022] Furthermore, in this application, the surface layer of the optical film structure is a highly transparent polyester film layer. A transparent electrode layer 21 is disposed below the highly transparent polyester film layer, and a transparent electrode layer 21 is also disposed above the polymethylsiloxane coating. An electrochromic layer 22 is disposed between the middle of the two transparent electrode layers 21. Through the layered structure design, when external light passes through the optical film system, it passes through the optical film structure. Correspondingly, by changing the transmittance of the functional layer 2, the transmittance of the polarizing mirror can be further changed, thereby achieving adjustment of the transmittance of the optical film system.
[0023] Specifically, in this application, the surface of the high-transparency polyester film is plasma-treated, and the thickness of the high-transparency polyester film is less than 200 μm. The electrochromic material is a spiropyran compound, and nano-silicon nitride modified with n-octyltrimethoxysilane is used as the conductive medium. The surface layer of the optical film structure is a high-transparency polyester film layer, beneath which a transparent electrode layer 21 is disposed. Another transparent electrode layer 21 is also disposed above the polymethylsiloxane coating 3, and an electrochromic layer 22 is sandwiched between the two transparent electrode layers 21. The high-transparency polyester film layer is plasma-treated to enhance its surface properties, and the thickness of this film layer is strictly controlled within the range of less than 200 μm to ensure stable optical performance. The functional layer, which improves the adhesion of subsequent coatings, is composed of alternating electrochromic units and liquid crystal polymers. The electrochromic material is a spiropyran compound, and nano-silicon nitride modified with n-octyltrimethoxysilane is used as the conductive medium, with its sheet resistance controlled within the range of 10-1000 / sq.
[0024] Furthermore, the electrochromic layer 22 uses a spiropyran compound as the color-changing material, which can undergo a significant change in transmittance under the action of an electric field. At the same time, nano-silicon nitride modified with n-octyltrimethoxysilane is used as a conductive medium, which improves the conductivity and cycling stability of the electrochromic layer 22.
[0025] In one embodiment, the transparent electrode layer 21 in this application is made of indium tin oxide (ITO), and multiple strip-shaped channels 211 are provided on the side of the transparent electrode layer 21 near the electrochromic layer 22. The strip-shaped channels 211 are filled with liquid crystal polymer. The transparent electrode layer 21 uses ITO, which not only has good conductivity but also high transparency. The multiple strip-shaped channels 211 on the side of the transparent electrode layer 21 near the electrochromic layer 22, filled with liquid crystal polymer, guide the migration path of lithium ions under the action of an electric field, ensuring the uniformity of the electrochromic process. Simultaneously, the liquid crystal polymer filled in the strip-shaped channels 211 ensures efficient movement of lithium ions, thereby effectively improving the efficiency of transmittance adjustment.
[0026] The electrochromic layer 22 is bonded between the two transparent electrode layers 21, and its material is tungsten trioxide and lithium-ion-doped polymer. Under the influence of an electric field, it changes its light transmittance through a redox reaction. The electrochromic layer 22 is also tightly bonded between the two transparent electrode layers 21, and its material is tungsten trioxide and lithium-ion-doped polymer. This combination allows the electrochromic layer 22 to rapidly change its light transmittance through a redox reaction under the influence of an electric field.
[0027] Specifically, in this application, under the action of an electric field, lithium ions in the electrochromic layer 22 can migrate within the strip channel 211, ensuring uniform color change. Under the action of an electric field, lithium ions in the electrochromic layer 22 can migrate orderly within the strip channel 211; this design ensures the uniformity and rapid response of the color change process. The polymethylsiloxane coating 3 is composed of polyolefin and PET resin, prepared using the widely used sol-gel method. The aforementioned sol-gel method is existing technology and will not be elaborated upon in this application. A robust and transparent protective layer is formed by layering and pressing polyolefin and PET resin through a stacking and pressing process.
[0028] Specifically, in this application, the polymethylsiloxane coating comprises polyolefin and PET resin, prepared using a sol-gel method. A stacking and pressing process is employed, in which the polyolefin and PET resin are layered and alternately stacked and pressed. This can be understood as a multi-layered composite structure, primarily comprising two layered structures: polyolefin and PET resin. These two layered structures are sequentially stacked and pressed together, with the final thickness maintained between 0.5-0.8 mm. This effectively increases the thickness of the protective layer, thereby protecting the overall stability of the optical film system's layered structure.
[0029] See attached document Figure 4 As shown in the diagram, furthermore, in this application, a silicon dioxide transition layer 4 is provided between the electrochromic layer and the transparent electrode layer, and a plurality of through holes 41 are uniformly formed on the silicon dioxide transition layer 4, with the through holes 41 and the strip channel 211 being staggered. In addition, a silicon dioxide transition layer 4 is also provided between the electrochromic layer 22 and the transparent electrode layer 21, and a plurality of through holes 41 are uniformly formed on this layer, with these through holes 41 and the strip channel 211 being staggered to further optimize the migration path of lithium ions and the uniformity of the electrochromic process.
[0030] Specifically, the adjustment module includes a sensor unit, which comprises a light sensor and a temperature sensor. The light sensor is used to collect the ambient light intensity of the optical film system, and the temperature sensor is used to collect the ambient temperature of the optical film system. As a key part of this invention, the adjustment module includes the sensor unit, which is further subdivided into a light sensor and a temperature sensor. The light sensor is responsible for collecting the real-time light intensity of the environment in which the optical film system is located, while the temperature sensor is used to monitor the ambient temperature to ensure that the optical film system maintains stable performance under different temperature conditions. Through real-time data feedback from these sensors, the adjustment module can precisely control the voltage applied to the two electrodes of the electrochromic material, thereby achieving rapid and stable adjustment of the light transmittance of the optical film system. It also includes an adjustment module connected to a polarizing mirror, which can adjust the light transmittance of the functional layer according to external control signals. This adjustment module includes controlling the voltage applied to the two electrodes of the electrochromic material.
[0031] As one implementation method, in this application, a light sensor can be used to collect multi-dimensional light intensity, as well as the incident angle and spectral information of the corresponding light. The actual light intensity parameters are obtained by model training. The obtained light intensity parameters are used to generate corresponding voltage gradient control commands, and the voltage across the electrochromic layer 22 is controlled by the actual connection of the driving circuit. The overall transmittance of the optical film system is adjusted by the movement of lithium ions in the strip channel 211.
[0032] Example 2: Figure 6 As shown, a method for adjusting the transmittance of an intelligent optical film system, specifically for the aforementioned intelligent optical film system with adjustable transmittance, includes the following steps: S1. By setting the control module, the light sensor in the sensor unit uses the light intensity of the current external environment, and the voltage in the corresponding driving circuit is matched with the corresponding light intensity. The driving circuit outputs the corresponding voltage value of the transparent electrode layer 21. S2. When a voltage is applied to the transparent electrode layer 21, the electrochromic layer 22 can undergo an oxidation-reduction reaction under the action of an electric field, and the corresponding lithium ions can migrate in the strip channel 211, thereby changing the light transmittance of the optical film system.
[0033] The above specific embodiments are merely several optional embodiments of the present invention. Based on the technical solutions of the present invention and the relevant teachings of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make various alternative improvements and combinations to the above specific embodiments.
Claims
1. A smart optical film system with adjustable light transmittance, characterized in that, include: Lens unit; And a polarization unit disposed on one side of the lens unit, the polarization unit being used to separate or combine the light beam passing through the optical lens; The polarization unit includes a polarizing mirror, and the surface of the polarizing mirror is provided with an optical film structure. The optical film structure includes a base layer, a functional layer, and a protective layer that are sequentially pressed together. The base layer is a highly transparent polyester film layer, and the protective layer is a polymethylsiloxane coating. It also includes an adjustment module connected to a polarizing mirror, which can adjust the transmittance of the functional layer according to an external control signal. The adjustment module controls the voltage between the two electrodes of the electrochromic material. The functional layer includes two transparent electrode layers and an electrochromic layer located in the middle of the two transparent electrode layers. One of the transparent electrode layers is located below the highly transparent polyester film layer, and the other transparent electrode layer is located above the polymethylsiloxane coating. The transparent electrode layer is made of indium tin oxide, and multiple strip channels are provided on the side of the transparent electrode layer near the electrochromic layer, and the strip channels are filled with liquid crystal polymer. Under the influence of an electric field, lithium ions in the electrochromic layer can migrate within the strip channels, ensuring uniform color change.
2. The smart optical film system with adjustable light transmission according to claim 1, wherein, The surface of the high-transparency polyester film is treated with plasma, and the thickness of the high-transparency polyester film is less than 200 μm. The electrochromic material is a spiropyran compound, and nano-silicon nitride modified with n-octyltrimethoxysilane is used as the conductive medium.
3. The smart optical film system with adjustable light transmission of claim 2, wherein, The electrochromic layer is bonded between the middle of the two transparent electrode layers, and the electrochromic layer is made of tungsten trioxide and lithium-ion doped polymer. Under the action of an electric field, the light transmittance changes through a redox reaction.
4. The smart optical film system with adjustable light transmission of claim 3, wherein, The polymethylsiloxane coating comprises polyolefin and PET resin, and is prepared by sol-gel method. The polyolefin and PET resin are layered and alternately stacked and pressed using a stacking and pressing process.
5. The intelligent optical film system with adjustable transmittance according to claim 4, characterized in that, A silicon dioxide transition layer is also provided between the electrochromic layer and the transparent electrode layer, and a plurality of through holes are uniformly formed on the silicon dioxide transition layer, and the through holes and the strip channel are staggered.
6. The smart optical film system with adjustable light transmission of claim 5, wherein, The adjustment module includes a sensor unit, which includes a light sensor and a temperature sensor. The light sensor is used to collect the ambient light intensity where the optical film system is located, and the temperature sensor is used to collect the ambient temperature where the optical film system is located.
7. A method of adjusting the light transmittance of a smart optical film system, applied to the smart optical film system with adjustable light transmittance as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. By setting the control module, the light sensor in the sensor unit takes the light intensity of the current external environment, and matches the voltage in the corresponding drive circuit with the corresponding light intensity. The drive circuit outputs the corresponding voltage to the transparent electrode layer. S2. When a voltage is applied to the transparent electrode layer, the electrochromic layer can undergo an oxidation-reduction reaction under the action of an electric field, and the corresponding lithium ions can migrate in the strip channel, thereby changing the light transmittance of the optical film system.