Team state synchronization method based on ad hoc communication, intelligent terminal and medium

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of terminal communication, and provides a team state synchronization method based on ad hoc network communication, an intelligent terminal and a medium. After multiple intelligent terminals complete team networking, a first intelligent terminal elected as a team master device broadcasts a synchronization beacon frame, so that a second intelligent terminal enters a corresponding working state after receiving the synchronization beacon frame; whether a bit error rate in a future short time will rise is predicted based on a channel impulse response and real-time position coordinates fed back by the second intelligent terminal; when the bit error rate is predicted to rise, a forward error correction coding redundancy is added in a pre-transmitted light effect instruction to obtain a target light effect instruction; the target light effect instruction is transmitted to the second intelligent terminal, so that the second intelligent terminal controls a partitioned lamp group to output a corresponding light effect according to the received target light effect instruction, and visual synchronization of team states is realized. The application can guarantee the accuracy of light effect instruction transmission and realize efficient visual synchronization of team states.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of terminal communication technology, and in particular to a team status synchronization method, smart terminal and medium based on ad hoc network communication. Background Technology

[0002] In team outdoor activities such as hiking, fieldwork, and emergency rescue, team members need to quickly and accurately synchronize key states such as assembly, requesting assistance, falling behind, and repositioning to ensure collaborative efficiency and operational safety. Currently, NAN self-organizing network technology based on smart terminals enables convenient networking without relying on public communication networks, and the terminals are easy to carry, perfectly meeting the needs of outdoor scenarios.

[0003] However, outdoor ad hoc network communication faces a complex transmission environment, and link quality is highly susceptible to factors such as multipath interference, leading to fluctuations in the bit error rate. Current technologies lack the ability to predict changes in the bit error rate, causing optical effect commands to be easily distorted or lost during transmission. This makes it impossible to ensure the accurate transmission of team status information, potentially leading to misjudgments and impacting the reliability of team collaboration. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above, it is necessary to propose a team status synchronization method, intelligent terminal and medium based on ad hoc network communication. This method can predict the changes in the bit error rate of the ad hoc network link and perform forward error correction coding on the optical effect command when the predicted bit error rate increases, thus ensuring the accuracy of the optical effect command transmission and realizing efficient and visual synchronization of team status.

[0005] The first aspect of this application provides a team state synchronization method based on ad hoc network communication, applied in a first smart terminal, wherein the first smart terminal and multiple second smart terminals all activate the NAN ad hoc network function to complete team networking, and the first smart terminal is elected as the team master device. The method includes:

[0006] Broadcasting a synchronization beacon frame causes the second smart terminal to enter the corresponding working state after receiving the synchronization beacon frame;

[0007] Receive the channel impulse response and real-time location coordinates fed back by the second intelligent terminal;

[0008] Based on the channel impulse response and the real-time location coordinates, predict whether the bit error rate will increase in the near future.

[0009] When the prediction error rate increases, the forward error correction coding redundancy is added to the pre-sent optical effect command to obtain the target optical effect command.

[0010] The target light effect command is sent to the second smart terminal, so that the second smart terminal controls the zone light group to output the corresponding light effect according to the received target light effect command, thereby realizing the visual synchronization of the team status.

[0011] Optionally, the step of predicting whether the bit error rate will increase in the near future based on the channel impulse and the real-time location coordinate response includes:

[0012] Extract the root mean square delay spread, coherence bandwidth, and strongest path energy from the channel impulse response;

[0013] The target link quality score is obtained based on the root mean square delay spread, the coherence bandwidth, the strongest path energy, and the real-time location coordinates.

[0014] The root mean square delay spread, coherence bandwidth, and strongest path energy corresponding to the highest target link quality score are compared with their respective preset thresholds to obtain the comparison results.

[0015] Based on the comparison results, predict whether the bit error rate will increase in the near future.

[0016] Optionally, obtaining the target link quality score based on the root mean square delay spread, the coherent bandwidth, the strongest path energy, and the real-time location coordinates includes:

[0017] A link quality matrix is ​​constructed based on the root mean square delay spread, the coherence bandwidth, and the strongest path energy.

[0018] The link quality matrix is ​​normalized to obtain a normalized link quality matrix;

[0019] Based on the normalized link quality matrix, covariance is calculated to obtain multiple eigenvalues ​​and the eigenvector corresponding to each eigenvalue;

[0020] The link quality weight coefficient is determined based on the eigenvector corresponding to the largest eigenvalue.

[0021] The initial link quality score is obtained based on the link quality weight coefficient, the root mean square delay spread, the coherence bandwidth, and the strongest path energy.

[0022] The initial link quality score is attenuated and corrected based on the real-time location coordinates to obtain the target link quality score.

[0023] Optionally, the method further includes:

[0024] Collect received signal strength indication, packet loss rate, remaining battery power, and average delay time;

[0025] The first level value is calculated based on the received signal strength indication, the packet loss rate, the remaining battery power, and the average delay time;

[0026] The first level value of the first smart terminal is greater than the second level value of all the second smart terminals.

[0027] Optionally, the calculation of the first-level value based on the received signal strength indication, the packet loss rate, the remaining battery power, and the average delay time includes:

[0028] The communication weight is obtained based on the received signal strength indication and the packet loss rate;

[0029] The remaining battery power is used to determine the battery life weight;

[0030] The state synchronization weight is obtained based on the average delay time.

[0031] The first level value is obtained based on the communication weight, the battery life weight, and the state synchronization weight.

[0032] Optionally, obtaining the communication weight based on the received signal strength indication and the packet loss rate includes:

[0033] The received signal strength indication is matched with multiple preset received signal strength indication threshold ranges to obtain the target received signal strength indication threshold range;

[0034] The first communication sub-weight is determined based on the target received signal strength indication threshold range;

[0035] The packet loss rate is matched with multiple preset packet loss rate threshold ranges to obtain the target packet loss rate threshold range;

[0036] The second communication sub-weight is determined based on the target packet loss rate threshold range;

[0037] The communication weight is obtained based on the first communication sub-weight and the second communication sub-weight.

[0038] Optionally, obtaining the battery life weight based on the remaining battery power includes:

[0039] The battery life weight is determined based on the ratio of the remaining battery power to a preset remaining battery power threshold.

[0040] Optionally, sending the target light effect command to the second smart terminal includes:

[0041] Detect the available bandwidth of the current communication mode and the data volume of the light effect command;

[0042] Compare the available bandwidth with the preset available bandwidth threshold;

[0043] If the available bandwidth is greater than or equal to the preset available bandwidth threshold, the target light effect command is sent directly to the second smart terminal.

[0044] If the available bandwidth is less than the preset available bandwidth threshold, the target light effect command is compressed according to the available bandwidth, and the compressed target light effect command is sent to the second smart terminal.

[0045] A second aspect of this application provides a smart terminal, the smart terminal including a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, and the processor executing the computer program to implement all or part of the steps of the team status synchronization method based on ad hoc network communication.

[0046] A third aspect of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements all or part of the steps of the team state synchronization method based on ad hoc network communication.

[0047] The technical effects of this application are as follows:

[0048] After the first smart terminal and multiple second smart terminals activate the NAN function, they automatically complete team networking. The first smart terminal, acting as the team's master device, broadcasts synchronization beacon frames, enabling all second smart terminals to quickly enter a unified working state. The NAN self-organizing network function eliminates the need for public communication networks, making it suitable for outdoor, network-free scenarios.

[0049] The team's main equipment actively receives channel impulse response and real-time location coordinates from each second intelligent terminal. Based on the channel impulse response and real-time location coordinates, it judges the changes in link quality, thereby providing data support for predicting whether the bit error rate is rising.

[0050] When the predicted bit error rate increases, the pre-transmitted optical effect command is optimized by increasing the redundancy of forward error correction coding to generate the target optical effect command. Forward error correction coding, by adding redundant bits, enables the receiver to automatically correct some bit errors during transmission without retransmission; it can also effectively resist interference caused by the deterioration of outdoor link quality, avoid distortion and loss of optical effect commands, and ensure accurate synchronization of team status information.

[0051] The optimized target lighting effect command is sent to each second smart terminal. The second smart terminal controls the rear zone light group to output the corresponding lighting effect according to the command, realizing the visual synchronization of the team status. Team members can quickly identify the status without making a call or looking at the screen, ensuring the continuity of team collaboration. Attached Figure Description

[0052] Figure 1An architecture diagram of a team status synchronization system based on ad hoc network communication is provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0053] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a team master device election method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0054] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating a team state synchronization method based on ad hoc network communication, provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0055] Figure 4 A functional block diagram of a team status synchronization device based on ad hoc network communication provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0056] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a smart terminal provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0057] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application, the application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described herein can be combined with each other.

[0058] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the specification of this application is for the purpose of describing an embodiment in one alternative implementation and is not intended to be limiting of the application.

[0059] Figure 1 This is an architecture diagram of a team status synchronization system based on ad hoc network communication, provided for an embodiment of this application.

[0060] The team status synchronization system based on ad hoc network communication includes multiple smart terminals, which are deployed in a distributed manner. Using smart terminals as execution units, the system achieves team status synchronization through ad hoc network construction. It is suitable for outdoor teams (such as hiking, camping, emergency rescue, and field operations) in complex environments without public networks.

[0061] Smart terminals can be rugged phones, which are waterproof, dustproof, and drop-proof, and can operate stably in harsh outdoor environments. They are often used for rapid synchronization of outdoor team status (such as assembling the team, sending out distress signals, informing those who have fallen behind, and confirming their position).

[0062] In the team communication network, each smart terminal is a functionally equivalent node, supporting dynamic switching between core terminals and ordinary terminals. Each smart terminal may include, but is not limited to, a Neighbor Awareness Networking (NAN) self-organizing network module and a dual-mode communication module.

[0063] The NAN self-organizing network module, as the core of the system's networking, is responsible for initiating the NAN self-organizing network function, parsing the team key to complete node access, and collecting basic networking parameters of smart terminals (such as node identification and access time). It is also responsible for receiving synchronization beacon frames from core terminals and forwarding status feedback information from its own terminals, ensuring the connectivity and data exchange efficiency of the team network. It enables direct communication between terminals without relying on public base stations. NAN is a short-range self-organizing network technology based on the IEEE 802.11 standard. It does not rely on public base stations, routers, or other infrastructure. Smart terminals can automatically build a network by detecting signals from neighboring nodes (such as other smart terminals), enabling direct communication, synchronization, and data exchange between nodes.

[0064] The dual-mode communication module comprises a Bluetooth Mesh unit and a LoRa unit, providing dual communication modes for the system. The Bluetooth Mesh unit handles short-range (≤50 meters) high-bandwidth communication, detecting the signal strength of adjacent terminals in real time; the LoRa unit handles long-range (≤500 meters) interference-resistant communication, adapting to dispersed team scenarios. The dual-mode communication module automatically switches communication modes based on signal strength and sends a mode switching notification to the core terminal after switching, ensuring that the core terminal updates the team communication topology in real time and broadcasts it to all smart terminals. For example, the dual-mode communication module uses the Bluetooth Mesh unit to detect the signal strength (RSSI) of adjacent terminals in real time and compares the detected signal strength with a preset signal strength threshold (e.g., -60dBm). When the detected signal strength is greater than the preset threshold, the Bluetooth Mesh communication mode is activated for short-range high-bandwidth data transmission; when the detected signal strength is less than the preset threshold, it automatically switches to LoRa communication mode for long-range interference-resistant data transmission. This enables adaptive matching of distance and communication mode.

[0065] All smart terminals activate the NAN self-organizing network module, enter the team key to complete secure access, and form a decentralized, peer-to-peer team network; the NAN self-organizing network module simultaneously broadcasts the election start notification to each smart terminal, thereby triggering the election process of the core terminal.

[0066] Each smart terminal collaboratively collects the core parameters required for the election, and calculates the terminal level value based on the collected core parameters, thereby electing the core terminal based on the calculated terminal level value.

[0067] In an optional embodiment, the core parameters may include, but are not limited to: Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI), packet loss rate, remaining battery power, and average latency.

[0068] After the terminal level value is calculated, each smart terminal shares its terminal level value through the NAN self-organizing network module. The system automatically sorts the terminals in descending order of their terminal level values ​​and selects the smart terminal with the highest terminal level value as a candidate terminal. The candidate terminal sends an election confirmation request, and upon receiving responses from the other smart terminals, it officially becomes the team's master device, gaining core permissions such as initiating status commands and broadcasting synchronization beacon frames. The remaining non-core terminals act as team slave devices, updating their local network topology and providing targeted status information to the team master device. The election results are broadcast globally through the NAN self-organizing network module, laying the foundation for subsequent team status synchronization.

[0069] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a team master device election method provided in an embodiment of this application. The team master device election method is applied to a team state synchronization system based on ad hoc network communication. The team master device election method includes the following steps.

[0070] S21, each smart terminal collaboratively collects and receives signal strength indication, packet loss rate, remaining battery power and average delay time.

[0071] All smart terminals participating in the team's self-organizing network are of equal status and must collect core parameters and participate in the election of the team's master device. Each smart terminal collects core parameters through the cooperation of its various modules. For example, the NAN self-organizing network module collects received signal strength indication and packet loss rate, the power management model collects the remaining battery power of the smart terminal, and the light efficiency control module collects the average latency.

[0072] Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) measures the strength of the communication signal between smart terminals. A value closer to 0 indicates a stronger signal and more stable communication. Packet loss rate represents the proportion of data lost during data transmission (such as status commands and synchronization beacon frames) between smart terminals. A lower packet loss rate indicates more reliable communication. Remaining battery power refers to the percentage of battery power remaining in the smart terminal, ensuring the selected master device has sufficient battery life to support team synchronization. Average latency refers to the average time it takes for a smart terminal to receive a status command from another smart terminal and then trigger its corresponding response (such as switching lighting effects). Lower latency indicates a more sensitive response to the team's status.

[0073] S22, each smart terminal calculates a grade value based on the received signal strength indication, the packet loss rate, the remaining battery power, and the average delay time.

[0074] Based on received signal strength indication, packet loss rate, remaining battery power, and average latency, a level value is calculated for each smart terminal using a preset quantization algorithm. Each smart terminal only calculates its own level value. That is, the first smart terminal calculates its own first level value, and the second smart terminal calculates its own second level value.

[0075] In an optional embodiment, calculating the corresponding smart terminal's rating based on the received signal strength indication, the packet loss rate, the remaining battery power, and the average latency time includes:

[0076] The communication weight is obtained based on the received signal strength indication and the packet loss rate;

[0077] The remaining battery power is used to determine the battery life weight;

[0078] The state synchronization weight is obtained based on the average delay time.

[0079] The first level value is obtained based on the communication weight, the battery life weight, and the state synchronization weight.

[0080] Communication reliability is assessed based on received signal strength indication (RSS) and packet loss rate. A higher communication weight indicates stronger communication capabilities of the smart terminal, making it more suitable as the main device for a team. In specific implementation, the RSS can be matched with multiple preset RSS threshold ranges to obtain a target RSS threshold range. A first communication sub-weight is determined based on this target RSS threshold range. Each RSS threshold range corresponds to a first value, and the first value corresponding to the target RSS threshold range is determined as the first communication sub-weight. The packet loss rate is matched with multiple preset packet loss threshold ranges to obtain a target packet loss threshold range. A second communication sub-weight is determined based on this target packet loss threshold range. Each packet loss threshold range corresponds to a second value, and the second value corresponding to the target packet loss threshold range is determined as the second communication sub-weight. The communication weight is obtained based on the first and second communication sub-weights. The first and second communication sub-weights can be weighted and calculated to obtain the final communication weight.

[0081] The remaining battery power is used to measure the ability of smart terminals to continuously support team status synchronization, preventing synchronization interruptions due to the team's main device running out of power. Higher battery power indicates longer battery life. In practice, battery life weighting can be determined based on the ratio of the remaining battery power to a preset remaining battery power threshold.

[0082] The average latency time is used to measure the sensitivity of the smart terminal's response to team status commands. The master device needs to respond quickly to ensure efficient status synchronization. The shorter the latency time, the more sensitive the smart terminal response, and the higher the status synchronization weight; the longer the latency time, the slower the smart terminal response, and the lower the status synchronization weight. The average latency time can be compared with multiple preset latency time threshold ranges, and the third value corresponding to the matching latency time threshold range is determined as the status synchronization weight.

[0083] The communication weight, battery life weight, and status synchronization weight are weighted and summed according to a preset importance ratio to obtain a comprehensive score (i.e., a grade value). The grade value is the core basis for the subsequent selection of the team's main equipment.

[0084] The importance ratios of communication weight, battery life weight, and status synchronization weight can be set according to the principle of reliable communication > sufficient battery life > fast response, to ensure that the master device has priority in having stable communication capabilities.

[0085] S23, select the smart terminal with the highest level value as the team's main device.

[0086] The team status synchronization system based on ad hoc network communication compares the level values ​​of all smart terminals and automatically selects the smart terminal with the highest level value as the team master device, which is responsible for initiating status commands and synchronizing team information to ensure the uniformity of team status synchronization.

[0087] For example, suppose there are 10 smart terminals (E1-E10), where the level value of smart terminal E1 is greater than that of smart terminals E2-E10. Since smart terminal E1 has the highest level value, smart terminal E1 is elected as the team master device, and smart terminals E2-E10 are elected as team slave devices.

[0088] If multiple smart terminals correspond to the highest rating, a secondary selection criterion can be established based on the received signal strength indicator or packet loss rate. Smart terminals with higher received signal strength indicators and / or lower packet loss rates should be designated as the team's primary device; that is, smart terminals with superior communication capabilities should be prioritized as the team's primary device.

[0089] In the above embodiments, signal strength reflects communication link quality, packet loss rate reflects transmission reliability, remaining battery power reflects battery life, and average latency reflects response efficiency. By quantifying signal strength, packet loss rate, remaining battery power, and average latency in multiple dimensions, misjudgment of master device election due to abnormal parameters in a single dimension (such as strong signal but low battery power in the short term, or low latency but high packet loss) can be avoided. In addition, the elected team master device has the characteristics of strong communication, low packet loss, long battery life, and fast response, which can ensure that the team self-organizing network always maintains optimal communication and synchronization performance in dynamic environments, and avoid overall network paralysis due to master device performance degradation.

[0090] After the team master device election is completed, the team status can be quickly synchronized through the team master device.

[0091] Please see Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a team state synchronization method based on ad hoc network communication. The method is applied to a first smart terminal. The first smart terminal and multiple second smart terminals have all activated the NAN ad hoc network function and completed team networking, and the first smart terminal is determined as the team master device through the aforementioned election process. The team state synchronization method based on ad hoc network communication includes the following steps.

[0092] S31, broadcast a synchronization beacon frame, so that the second smart terminal enters the corresponding working state after receiving the synchronization beacon frame.

[0093] The team's main equipment (first intelligent terminal) broadcasts synchronization beacon frames through the discovery window (DW) of the NAN self-organizing network. During normal movement, a synchronization beacon frame can be broadcast once every two discovery windows; in emergency situations such as regrouping or requesting assistance, a synchronization beacon frame can be broadcast once every one discovery window, ensuring rapid command coverage.

[0094] Synchronization beacon frames are lightweight data frames based on the NAN protocol extension, specifically designed to meet the low bandwidth and low latency requirements of ad hoc networks. Synchronization beacon frames include: a synchronization baseline field, a team status command field, and a communication configuration field.

[0095] The synchronization reference field is used to describe the Bluetooth / WiFi clock information of the team's main device, and is used to calibrate the local clock of all secondary smart terminals to ensure time synchronization of subsequent light effect flashing and status switching (such as all members triggering blue breathing flashing at the same time).

[0096] The team status field of the synchronization beacon frame is 1 byte and is defined as follows: 00 = normal marching status, 01 = assembly command status, 10 = help / alarm status, 11 = all members in position status.

[0097] The communication configuration field describes the communication mode (Bluetooth Mesh / LoRa), signal transmission power parameters, and subsequent beacon frame broadcast period of the current team master device. It is used for the second smart terminal to adapt to the communication parameters (e.g., when the team master device switches to LoRa mode, the second smart terminal automatically adjusts the receiving bandwidth).

[0098] The clock is calibrated by synchronizing the reference field to avoid asynchronous flickering of light effects on multiple smart terminals; the current network parameters are transmitted by the communication configuration field, and the second smart terminal can automatically match the communication mode and power parameters of the team's main device without manual settings, improving communication stability in complex environments; the team status field allows team members to perceive the team status simply by observing changes in light effects without having to check the screen or perform manual operations.

[0099] S32, receive the channel impulse response and real-time location coordinates fed back by the second smart terminal.

[0100] After receiving the synchronization beacon frame broadcast by the team's main device, the second intelligent terminal parses the synchronization reference field, team status command field, and communication configuration field in the synchronization beacon frame to obtain team status information, clock synchronization information, and communication mode configuration. It then automatically enters a working state that matches the team's status, such as the light effect preparation mode for the assembly state and the orientation perception mode for the marching state.

[0101] The second smart terminal activates its built-in GPS module to collect real-time location coordinates at a preset collection frequency. Simultaneously, it collects impulse response data of the current channel in real time through the communication module. According to the transmission period agreed upon by the synchronization beacon frame, it feeds back the real-time location coordinates and impulse response data to the team's main device through the currently active Bluetooth Mesh or LoRa communication link, ensuring that the team's main device knows the location distribution of each member's terminal and the channel transmission quality.

[0102] The second intelligent terminal can estimate the impulse response data from the current channel using a linear estimation method or a frequency domain iterative method. The linear estimation method and the frequency domain iterative method are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0103] S33, based on the channel impulse response and the real-time location coordinates, predict whether the bit error rate will increase in the near future.

[0104] After receiving the channel impulse response and real-time location coordinates transmitted by each smart terminal, the team's main equipment predicts whether the bit error rate will increase in the near future based on the channel impulse response and real-time location coordinates.

[0105] The channel impulse response reflects the current transmission quality of the communication link. Its parameters, including attenuation characteristics, multipath interference intensity, and delay spread, are direct factors affecting the bit error rate (BER). Greater attenuation and stronger interference result in a higher BER. Position coordinates reflect the distance between smart terminals and their relative movement direction. Increased distance leads to more severe signal attenuation, and a movement trend (such as rapid movement away) indicates a potential continued deterioration in link quality within a short period. By combining the rate of position change with the attenuation pattern of the impulse response, future changes in link quality can be deduced, thus predicting whether the BER will increase.

[0106] In an optional embodiment, predicting whether the bit error rate will increase in the near future based on the channel impulse and the real-time location coordinate response includes:

[0107] Extract the root mean square delay spread, coherence bandwidth, and strongest path energy from the channel impulse response;

[0108] The target link quality score is obtained based on the root mean square delay spread, the coherence bandwidth, the strongest path energy, and the real-time location coordinates.

[0109] The root mean square delay spread, coherence bandwidth, and strongest path energy corresponding to the highest target link quality score are compared with their respective preset thresholds to obtain the comparison results.

[0110] Based on the comparison results, predict whether the bit error rate will increase in the near future.

[0111] The channel impulse response (CTR) is a time series describing the energy arrival of a signal after multipath propagation. The root mean square delay spread (RMS), coherence bandwidth, and strongest path energy are extracted from the CTR. The RMS delay spread characterizes the severity of multipath propagation, while the coherence bandwidth characterizes the strength of channel frequency selectivity. The strongest path energy characterizes the signal attenuation and energy carrying capacity of the transmission link; a higher value indicates less energy loss on the main propagation path, resulting in higher accuracy in the receiver's identification and demodulation of the main signal. Conversely, a low strongest path energy means that the main link is significantly affected by factors such as distance, obstruction, and environmental attenuation. Even with other multipath components, it is difficult to compensate for the demodulation error caused by insufficient energy in the main link, thus directly increasing the bit error rate.

[0112] Each team's main device and each second intelligent terminal have a corresponding communication link. By combining the root mean square delay spread, coherence bandwidth, strongest path energy, and real-time location coordinates that reflect the trend of link distance changes, a target link quality score that can be quantified is obtained to comprehensively characterize the current state of the link and its future change patterns, providing data support for bit error rate prediction.

[0113] A higher target link quality score indicates better overall transmission quality, meaning a smaller root mean square delay spread (weak multipath interference), a larger coherent bandwidth (less noticeable frequency-selective fading), and higher strongest path energy (less main link signal attenuation). Furthermore, the distance between terminals is within the ideal range for communication mode adaptation, ensuring greater stability and integrity of signal transmission. Conversely, a lower target link quality score indicates worse overall transmission quality, meaning a larger root mean square delay spread (severe multipath interference), a smaller coherent bandwidth (significant frequency-selective fading), and lower strongest path energy (severe main link signal attenuation). It may also indicate that the distance between terminals exceeds the efficient coverage range of the current communication mode, making signal transmission prone to distortion and packet loss.

[0114] The link corresponding to the highest target link quality score is the most stable among all current communication links, and its parameter changes can reflect the overall communication environment's deterioration trend earliest and most sensitively. If the quality of the optimal link shows signs of decline, the quality of other, worse links will inevitably deteriorate simultaneously. Therefore, by simply comparing the root mean square delay spread, coherence bandwidth, and strongest path energy corresponding to the highest target link quality score with their respective preset thresholds, the comparison results can be obtained, thereby predicting whether the bit error rate is increasing. Avoiding analysis of multiple links avoids redundant calculations, reduces hardware power consumption while ensuring prediction accuracy, and adapts to the needs of long-lasting outdoor use.

[0115] The preset thresholds are quality thresholds set based on the characteristics of Bluetooth Mesh / LoRa dual-mode communication, used to distinguish between normal link operation and impending degradation. A normal link is defined as follows: root mean square delay spread ≤ preset root mean square delay spread threshold; coherence bandwidth ≥ preset coherence bandwidth threshold; and strongest path energy ≥ preset strongest path energy threshold. In other words, a larger root mean square delay spread, a smaller coherence bandwidth, and a smaller strongest path energy all indicate a worse link.

[0116] If all three comparison results are normal, it indicates that the core characteristics of the optimal link are within the ideal range, the link quality is stable, and the bit error rate is predicted to remain unchanged within the next 10-30 seconds. If two comparison results are normal, and the strongest path energy is abnormal, the bit error rate is predicted to increase slightly; if the root mean square delay spread or coherent bandwidth is abnormal, the bit error rate is predicted to increase slightly. If one comparison result is normal, it indicates that the link quality has shown a significant deterioration trend, and the bit error rate is predicted to increase significantly within the next 10-30 seconds, which may lead to distortion in optical efficiency command transmission.

[0117] In an optional embodiment, obtaining the target link quality score based on the root mean square delay spread, the coherent bandwidth, the strongest path energy, and the real-time location coordinates includes:

[0118] A link quality matrix is ​​constructed based on the root mean square delay spread, the coherence bandwidth, and the strongest path energy.

[0119] The link quality matrix is ​​normalized to obtain a normalized link quality matrix;

[0120] Based on the normalized link quality matrix, covariance is calculated to obtain multiple eigenvalues ​​and the eigenvector corresponding to each eigenvalue;

[0121] The link quality weight coefficient is determined based on the eigenvector corresponding to the largest eigenvalue.

[0122] The initial link quality score is obtained based on the link quality weight coefficient, the root mean square delay spread, the coherence bandwidth, and the strongest path energy.

[0123] The initial link quality score is attenuated and corrected based on the real-time location coordinates to obtain the target link quality score.

[0124] For each second intelligent terminal, its root mean square delay spread, coherent bandwidth, and strongest path energy are combined into a feature vector. These feature vectors are then combined into a link quality matrix, where each row of the link quality matrix represents a second intelligent terminal and each column represents a feature.

[0125] The link quality matrix is ​​normalized so that each element in the normalized link quality matrix lies between 0 and 1, thus eliminating dimensions. Normalization includes minimum-maximum normalization and Z-score standardization.

[0126] After calculating the covariance based on the normalized link quality matrix, multiple eigenvalues ​​are obtained, each corresponding to an eigenvector. The eigenvector corresponding to the largest eigenvalue is taken as the target eigenvector. The eigenvalues ​​represent the importance of the principal components, while the values ​​in the target eigenvector represent the relative importance of each original feature (root mean square delay spread, coherence bandwidth, and strongest path energy) in forming the target eigenvector. That is, the target eigenvector is a linear combination of the original features; the larger the absolute value of its coefficient, the greater the contribution of that original feature to the target eigenvector, indicating that the feature is the main factor causing channel variation in the current environment. Therefore, the proportion of each element in the target eigenvector to the sum of all elements in the target eigenvector is calculated as the weight of the corresponding feature. The initial link quality score is calculated based on the weight and the weighted sum of the root mean square delay spread, the coherence bandwidth, and the strongest path energy.

[0127] For example, assuming the eigenvalues ​​are λ1 = 2.5, λ2 = 0.4, and λ3 = 0.1, since λ1 is the largest, the eigenvector [0.9, -0.3, -0.1] corresponding to λ1 is used as the target eigenvector. The proportions of each element in the target eigenvector are 69%, 23%, and 8%, respectively. Therefore, the weights of the root mean square delay spread, coherence bandwidth, and strongest path energy are 0.69, 0.21, and 0.08, respectively.

[0128] The real-time distance between the main device and each second smart terminal is calculated based on the real-time location coordinates. The quality score correction coefficient is obtained by multiplying the real-time distance and the preset distance influence factor. The initial link quality score is corrected by the quality score correction coefficient to obtain the target link quality score.

[0129] S34, when the prediction error rate increases, the forward error correction coding redundancy is increased in the pre-sent optical effect command to obtain the target optical effect command.

[0130] Light effect commands are instruction data used to control the output of corresponding light effects by the rear-mounted zone lights of smart terminals. Light effect commands include, but are not limited to: team status indicators, zone light effect control parameters, and synchronization timing information. Among these, the zone light effect control parameters include: light effect color, flashing frequency, luminous area, and luminous duration.

[0131] An increased bit error rate can lead to distortion in the transmission of light effect commands, such as incorrect color parameters or abnormal flashing frequencies, which in turn can cause misjudgments in team status synchronization. Therefore, when it is predicted that the bit error rate will increase in the near future, the team's main device adds redundant coding to the pre-sent light effect commands, so that the second intelligent terminal can automatically correct some of the bit errors that occur during transmission without feedback, and without retransmitting data.

[0132] Redundancy is the proportion of redundant bits to the total transmitted bits in forward error correction coding. Higher redundancy results in stronger error correction capability but also a larger amount of data transmitted; lower redundancy results in weaker error correction capability but higher transmission efficiency.

[0133] The smart terminal pre-stores a bit error rate redundancy mapping table, which records the correspondence between communication mode, bit error rate increase range, redundancy level, and redundancy ratio. This mapping table allows matching the redundancy level and redundancy ratio corresponding to the current communication mode and bit error rate increase range. Next, a forward error correction (FEC) coding algorithm is invoked to encode the pre-sent light effect command. For example, assuming a high redundancy level and a redundancy ratio of 50%, if the pre-sent light effect command includes 40 bits of data, FEC encoding adds 20 bits of redundancy, generating 60 bits of encoded data. This encoded data is then encapsulated into a target light effect command frame (containing a frame header, encoding identifier, encoded data, and frame trailer).

[0134] The above method uses redundant bits for automatic error correction, eliminating the need for retransmission and avoiding synchronization delays. Furthermore, the use of dynamic redundancy coding enables high transmission efficiency and low power consumption at low bit error rates, while enhancing error correction capabilities at high bit error rates, adapting to dynamic changes in complex outdoor environments. In addition, FEC encoding / decoding can be implemented using software algorithms from existing communication modules in smart terminals, requiring no additional hardware upgrades and resulting in low development costs.

[0135] S35, send the target light effect command to the second smart terminal, so that the second smart terminal controls the zone light group to output the corresponding light effect according to the received target light effect command, so as to realize the visualization and synchronization of the team status.

[0136] Each smart terminal has a light group on its back panel, which is distributed in a ring along the edge of the back panel. It is divided into four independent control areas: front, rear, left, and right. Each area supports switching between five colors: red, blue, green, yellow, and white, and 16 levels of brightness adjustment.

[0137] After completing the bit error rate prediction, the team's main device sends the target light effect command to each second smart terminal through the currently active Bluetooth Mesh or LoRa communication link.

[0138] After receiving the target light effect command, the second intelligent terminal calls the corresponding decoding algorithm according to the encoding identifier in the target light effect command frame header, automatically corrects the bit errors that occurred during transmission, restores and parses the light effect control parameters from the target light effect command, and drives the rear ring-shaped zone light group to perform the corresponding actions. For example, in the assembly state, it triggers a full-area blue breathing flashing, with a flashing frequency of 1Hz and a flashing duration of 1 minute; in the distress state, it activates a full-area red fast flashing, with a flashing frequency of 3Hz; and in the lagging state, it triggers a yellow intermittent flashing.

[0139] By using differentiated combinations of light effects, colors, flashing frequencies, luminous areas, and durations, team members can quickly and intuitively perceive the overall team status and individual anomalies without making calls or looking at screens. This enables non-interactive, visual synchronization of team status in complex outdoor environments, ensuring collaboration efficiency and safety.

[0140] Outdoor link bandwidth is susceptible to fluctuations due to distance and interference. Direct transmission may result in command loss or delay due to insufficient bandwidth. Furthermore, there are differences in the bandwidth limits between Bluetooth Mesh and LoRa. Therefore, in order to ensure the complete and fast transmission of light effect commands, it is necessary to determine whether to compress the light effect commands for transmission based on the actual situation.

[0141] In an optional embodiment, sending the target light effect command to the second smart terminal includes:

[0142] Detect the available bandwidth of the current communication mode and the data volume of the light effect command;

[0143] Compare the available bandwidth with the preset available bandwidth threshold;

[0144] If the available bandwidth is greater than or equal to the preset available bandwidth threshold, the target light effect command is sent directly to the second smart terminal.

[0145] If the available bandwidth is less than the preset available bandwidth threshold, the target light effect command is compressed according to the available bandwidth, and the compressed target light effect command is sent to the second smart terminal.

[0146] The team's main device continuously monitors the available bandwidth of the currently active communication mode (Bluetooth Mesh or LoRa) and simultaneously calculates the data volume of the target light effect command. The data volume of the target light effect command includes the total number of bytes of parameters such as light effect color, flashing frequency, luminous area, and luminous duration.

[0147] Different communication modes correspond to different available bandwidth thresholds. For example, Bluetooth Mesh mode corresponds to a first available bandwidth threshold, such as 2 Mbps, while LoRa mode corresponds to a second available bandwidth threshold, such as 500 kbps. The team's master device calls a pre-stored available bandwidth threshold based on the current communication mode and compares the detected available bandwidth with that threshold.

[0148] If the detected available bandwidth is greater than or equal to the available bandwidth threshold, it indicates that the current link transmission capacity is sufficient, and no compression processing is required. The team's main device directly sends the complete target light effect command to each secondary smart terminal through the current communication link. If the detected available bandwidth is less than the preset available bandwidth threshold, it indicates that the current link bandwidth is strained. The team's main device first compresses the target light effect command according to the available bandwidth, and then sends the compressed target light effect command to each secondary smart terminal through the current communication link. After receiving the target light effect command, the secondary smart terminal automatically decompresses and executes it.

[0149] The compression ratio is dynamically adjusted based on available bandwidth. For example, the ratio of available bandwidth to an available bandwidth threshold is used as the compression ratio. If the compression ratio is greater than a preset minimum compression ratio, the target lighting effect command is compressed based on that ratio; if the compression ratio is less than the preset minimum compression ratio, the target lighting effect command is compressed based on that minimum compression ratio. The target lighting effect command can be compressed by removing redundant precision bits in the lighting effect parameters and merging duplicate command fields.

[0150] In the above optional embodiments, the available bandwidth threshold is determined by the communication mode. This differentiated threshold can avoid the bandwidth determination being too strict or too lenient, ensuring that the transmission of light effect commands can adapt to the current communication mode. The ratio of available bandwidth to available bandwidth threshold is used as the compression ratio to compress the light effect commands, which can ensure that the core information of the light effect commands is not lost, and can minimize bandwidth occupation and avoid light effect distortion due to excessive compression.

[0151] In an optional embodiment, each smart terminal can also collect the current ambient light intensity through an ambient light sensor and adaptively adjust the light effect based on the current ambient light intensity. For example, if the current ambient light intensity is greater than or equal to a preset first ambient light intensity threshold, the brightness of the rear zone lights is increased; if the current ambient light intensity is less than or equal to a preset second ambient light intensity threshold, the flicker frequency of the lights is reduced. The preset first ambient light intensity threshold is greater than the preset second ambient light intensity threshold.

[0152] It should be understood that the team's primary device is not fixed. Every preset time period, for example, every 30 seconds, it recalculates its own level value. If its own level value is less than the current team average level value for N1 consecutive times, or the signal strength is less than the preset signal strength threshold for N2 consecutive discovery windows, or the remaining battery power is less than the preset battery power threshold, then a re-election of the team's primary device can be triggered.

[0153] Figure 4 This is a functional block diagram of a team status synchronization device based on ad hoc network communication provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0154] The team status synchronization device 40 based on ad hoc network communication operates in the first smart terminal. The first smart terminal and multiple second smart terminals have all activated the NAN ad hoc network function and completed team networking, and the first smart terminal has been determined as the team master device through the aforementioned election process.

[0155] In some embodiments, the team status synchronization device 40 based on ad hoc network communication may include multiple functional modules composed of program code segments. The program code of each program segment in the team status synchronization device 40 based on ad hoc network communication can be stored in the memory of a smart terminal and executed by at least one processor to perform (see details). Figure 3 (Description) Functionality for team status synchronization based on ad hoc network communication.

[0156] In this embodiment, the team status synchronization device 40 based on ad hoc network communication can be divided into multiple functional modules according to its functions. These functional modules may include: a broadcast module 401, a receiving module 402, a prediction module 403, an error correction module 404, a sending module 405, and a calculation module 406. As used in this application, a module refers to a series of computer-readable instruction segments that can be executed by at least one processor and perform a fixed function, stored in memory. In this embodiment, the functions of each module will be detailed in subsequent embodiments.

[0157] The broadcast module 401 is used to broadcast a synchronization beacon frame, so that the second smart terminal enters the corresponding working state after receiving the synchronization beacon frame.

[0158] The receiving module 402 is used to receive the channel impulse response and real-time location coordinates fed back by the second smart terminal.

[0159] The prediction module 403 is used to predict whether the bit error rate will increase in the near future based on the channel impulse response and the real-time location coordinates.

[0160] The error correction module 404 is used to increase the forward error correction coding redundancy in the pre-sent optical effect command when the prediction error rate increases, so as to obtain the target optical effect command.

[0161] The sending module 405 is used to send the target light effect command to the second smart terminal, so that the second smart terminal controls the zone light group to output the corresponding light effect according to the received target light effect command, thereby realizing the visualization and synchronization of the team status.

[0162] The calculation module 406 is used to collect the received signal strength indication, packet loss rate, remaining battery power and average delay time; and calculate the first level value based on the received signal strength indication, packet loss rate, remaining battery power and average delay time.

[0163] It should be understood that the various variations and specific embodiments of the team status synchronization method based on ad hoc network communication provided in the above embodiments are also applicable to the team status synchronization device based on ad hoc network communication in this embodiment. Through the detailed description of the team status synchronization method based on ad hoc network communication described above, those skilled in the art can clearly understand the implementation process of the team status synchronization device based on ad hoc network communication in this embodiment. For the sake of brevity, it will not be described in detail here.

[0164] This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps described in the above embodiment of the team state synchronization method based on ad hoc network communication.

[0165] See Figure 5 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a smart terminal provided in an embodiment of this application. In a preferred embodiment of this application, the smart terminal 5 includes: a memory 501, at least one processor 502, at least one communication bus 503, and multiple sensors 504.

[0166] Those skilled in the art should understand that Figure 5 The structure of the smart terminal shown does not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of this application. The smart terminal 5 may also include more or fewer other hardware or software, or different component arrangements than shown.

[0167] In some embodiments, the memory 501 stores a computer program and an operating system, which, when executed by the at least one processor 502, implements all or part of the steps in the team state synchronization method based on ad hoc network communication as described above. The memory 501 includes read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), one-time programmable read-only memory (OTPROM), electrically-erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, disk storage, magnetic tape storage, or any other computer-readable medium capable of carrying or storing data. Further, the computer-readable storage medium may primarily include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system, at least one application program required for a function, etc.

[0168] In some embodiments, the at least one processor 502 is the control unit of the smart terminal 5, connecting various components of the smart terminal 5 via various interfaces and lines. It executes programs or modules stored in the memory 501 and calls data stored in the memory 501 to perform various functions and process data of the smart terminal 5. For example, when the at least one processor 502 executes a computer program stored in the memory, it implements all or part of the steps of the team status synchronization method based on ad hoc network communication described in this application embodiment; or it implements all or part of the functions of the team status synchronization device based on ad hoc network communication. The at least one processor 502 may be composed of integrated circuits, such as a single-packaged integrated circuit or multiple integrated circuits with the same or different functions, including combinations of one or more central processing units (CPUs), microprocessors, digital processing chips, graphics processors, and various control chips.

[0169] In some embodiments, the at least one communication bus 503 is configured to enable communication between the memory 501 and the at least one processor 502, etc. Although not shown, the smart terminal 5 may also include a power supply (such as a battery) to power the various components. Preferably, the power supply can be logically connected to the at least one processor 502 through a power management device, thereby enabling functions such as charging, discharging, and power consumption management. The power supply may also include one or more DC or AC power supplies, a rechargeable power fault detection circuit, a power converter or inverter, a power status indicator, and any other components.

[0170] In some embodiments, the plurality of sensors 504 includes a temperature sensor and a wind speed sensor. The temperature sensor is disposed inside the smart terminal housing and the battery, and the wind speed sensor is disposed within the smart terminal housing.

[0171] The smart terminal 5 may also include a Bluetooth module, a Wi-Fi module, internal memory, a network interface, an input location, and a display screen, etc., which will not be described in detail here.

[0172] The integrated unit, implemented as a software functional module, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. This software functional module, stored in a storage medium, includes several instructions to cause a smart terminal to execute portions of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application.

[0173] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative; for instance, the division of modules is only a logical functional division, and other division methods may be used in actual implementation.

[0174] The modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as modules may or may not be physical units; they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

Claims

1. A team state synchronization method based on ad hoc network communication, applied in a first intelligent terminal, characterized in that, The first smart terminal and multiple second smart terminals have all activated the NAN self-organizing network function to complete team networking. The first smart terminal has been elected as the team master device. The method includes: Broadcasting a synchronization beacon frame causes the second smart terminal to enter the corresponding working state after receiving the synchronization beacon frame; Receive the channel impulse response and real-time location coordinates fed back by the second intelligent terminal; Based on the channel impulse response and the real-time location coordinates, predict whether the bit error rate will increase in the near future. When the prediction error rate increases, the forward error correction coding redundancy is added to the pre-sent optical effect command to obtain the target optical effect command. The target light effect command is sent to the second smart terminal, so that the second smart terminal controls the zone light group to output the corresponding light effect according to the received target light effect command, thereby realizing the visual synchronization of the team status.

2. The team state synchronization method based on ad hoc network communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, The prediction of whether the bit error rate will increase in the near future based on the channel impulse and the real-time position coordinate response includes: Extract the root mean square delay spread, coherence bandwidth, and strongest path energy from the channel impulse response; The target link quality score is obtained based on the root mean square delay spread, the coherence bandwidth, the strongest path energy, and the real-time location coordinates. The root mean square delay spread, coherence bandwidth, and strongest path energy corresponding to the highest target link quality score are compared with their respective preset thresholds to obtain the comparison results. Based on the comparison results, predict whether the bit error rate will increase in the near future.

3. The team state synchronization method based on ad hoc network communication according to claim 2, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the target link quality score based on the root mean square delay spread, the coherence bandwidth, the strongest path energy, and the real-time location coordinates includes: A link quality matrix is ​​constructed based on the root mean square delay spread, the coherence bandwidth, and the strongest path energy. The link quality matrix is ​​normalized to obtain a normalized link quality matrix; Based on the normalized link quality matrix, covariance is calculated to obtain multiple eigenvalues ​​and the eigenvector corresponding to each eigenvalue; The link quality weight coefficient is determined based on the eigenvector corresponding to the largest eigenvalue. The initial link quality score is obtained based on the link quality weight coefficient, the root mean square delay spread, the coherence bandwidth, and the strongest path energy. The initial link quality score is attenuated and corrected based on the real-time location coordinates to obtain the target link quality score.

4. The team state synchronization method based on ad hoc network communication according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: Collect received signal strength indication, packet loss rate, remaining battery power, and average delay time; The first level value is calculated based on the received signal strength indication, the packet loss rate, the remaining battery power, and the average delay time; The first level value of the first smart terminal is greater than the second level value of all the second smart terminals.

5. The team state synchronization method based on ad hoc network communication according to claim 4, characterized in that, The calculation of the first-level value based on the received signal strength indication, the packet loss rate, the remaining battery power, and the average delay time includes: The communication weight is obtained based on the received signal strength indication and the packet loss rate; The remaining battery power is used to determine the battery life weight; The state synchronization weight is obtained based on the average delay time. The first level value is obtained based on the communication weight, the battery life weight, and the state synchronization weight.

6. The team state synchronization method based on ad hoc network communication according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method of obtaining the communication weight based on the received signal strength indication and the packet loss rate includes: The received signal strength indication is matched with multiple preset received signal strength indication threshold ranges to obtain the target received signal strength indication threshold range; The first communication sub-weight is determined based on the target received signal strength indication threshold range; The packet loss rate is matched with multiple preset packet loss rate threshold ranges to obtain the target packet loss rate threshold range; The second communication sub-weight is determined based on the target packet loss rate threshold range; The communication weight is obtained based on the first communication sub-weight and the second communication sub-weight.

7. The team state synchronization method based on ad hoc network communication according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process of obtaining the battery life weight based on the remaining battery power includes: The battery life weight is determined based on the ratio of the remaining battery power to a preset remaining battery power threshold.

8. The team state synchronization method based on ad hoc network communication according to claim 1, characterized in that, Sending the target light effect command to the second smart terminal includes: Detect the available bandwidth of the current communication mode and the data volume of the light effect command; Compare the available bandwidth with the preset available bandwidth threshold; If the available bandwidth is greater than or equal to the preset available bandwidth threshold, the target light effect command is sent directly to the second smart terminal. If the available bandwidth is less than the preset available bandwidth threshold, the target light effect command is compressed according to the available bandwidth, and the compressed target light effect command is sent to the second smart terminal.

9. A smart terminal, characterized in that, The smart terminal includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, it implements all or part of the steps of the team status synchronization method based on ad hoc network communication according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements all or part of the steps of the team state synchronization method based on ad hoc network communication as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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