A kind of regulator for promoting the flowering of bougainvillea or inhibiting the abscission of flower bud

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of for promoting bougainvillea spectabilis flowering or inhibiting bud drop regulator, it is related to plant regulator technical field.The regulator of the present application is selected from one or more of 0.1-0.3mg / L fluid boron, 1-3mg / L KH2PO4, 5-25mg / L NAA, 50mg / L calcium sugar alcohol.The present application is selected by fluid boron, KH2PO4, NAA, sugar alcohol calcium, compounded, under the natural production cultivation condition and the dark condition of simulated storage and transportation, respectively, screen out the comprehensive efficient regulation bougainvillea spectabilis flowering, inhibit the regulation scheme of drop;By exogenous spraying to apply regulator, can well promote bougainvillea spectabilis flowering or inhibit bud drop, improve the ornamental and storage and transportation of bougainvillea spectabilis, provide basis for the production cultivation management and transportation in the practical application of bougainvillea spectabilis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of plant growth regulators, and in particular to a growth regulator for promoting flowering of bougainvillea or inhibiting bud drop. Background Technology

[0002] Bougainvillea ( Bougainvillea spectabilis Willd. Bougainvillea, also known as paper flower, is an evergreen vine-like flowering shrub. Due to its long flowering period, diverse flower colors, rich varieties, and strong adaptability, it is widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions, and is also widely used in southern my country, possessing high ornamental value. However, in daily production, cultivation, and application, some bougainvillea varieties have brightly colored buds but short flowering periods and inconsistent flowering times, failing to achieve a good ornamental effect. In low-light, cloudy, and rainy environments, flower drop often occurs, greatly affecting the ornamental and commercial value of bougainvillea. Furthermore, during transportation, low light and bumpy conditions in the vehicle can also easily cause bud drop, resulting in poor storage and transport tolerance, making it unsuitable for long-distance transport. This significantly impacts the commercial and economic value of bougainvillea, becoming a major factor restricting the development of the bougainvillea industry.

[0003] Currently, the regulation of bougainvillea's flowering period mainly relies on physical control methods such as water control and pruning, with limited research on the application of plant growth regulators and nutrient element regulation. Therefore, to address the issues of inconsistent flowering periods, bud drop, and poor storage and transportation tolerance in bougainvillea, this study aims to develop a plant growth regulator that can promote flowering or inhibit bud drop. This comprehensive and efficient regulation scheme for controlling flowering period and inhibiting bud drop can, to some extent, solve the problems of bougainvillea's strong visual appeal but short flowering period and poor transport tolerance. It provides a theoretical basis for bougainvillea's production and cultivation, increases its application rate in parks, streets, and festivals, and broadens its market application prospects.

[0004] Existing technology CN117136953A discloses a bougainvillea leaf abscission agent, its preparation method, and its application. This agent is prepared by compounding calcium tartrate and α-naphthaleneacetic acid to obtain an effective solution, and then adding the surfactant Tween to the effective solution to obtain the anti-abscission agent. It can effectively reduce the leaf abscission rate of bougainvillea during and after transportation. However, it does not study the leaf abscission rate of bougainvillea under natural conditions, nor does it study the effect on bougainvillea flowering. Its function is singular, only preventing leaf and flower abscission, which may lead to fundamental problems such as low flowering quantity and uneven flowering period, thus limiting its application. Existing technology CN116711731A discloses a regulator for prolonging the flowering period of bougainvillea and its application method. The regulator includes 8% p-chlorophenoxyacetic acid, 20% naphthaleneacetic acid, 1% 6-benzylaminopurine, and 98% potassium dihydrogen phosphate. This application method can effectively prolong the flowering period of bougainvillea, even in a sealed environment, improving the growth trend and storage tolerance of bougainvillea, and reducing the problem of flower and leaf drop. However, this regulator is complex to formulate and difficult to control precisely. It may cause unpredictable physiological stress to bougainvillea of ​​different varieties and growth stages, increasing the risk of phytotoxicity. It is also costly and has high process requirements.

[0005] Therefore, it is of practical significance to provide a plant growth regulator that can promote flowering or inhibit bud drop, which is low in cost and can comprehensively and efficiently regulate the flowering period of bougainvillea and inhibit bud drop. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, this invention proposes a regulator for promoting flowering of bougainvillea or inhibiting bud drop.

[0007] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows:

[0008] A regulator for promoting flowering of bougainvillea or inhibiting bud drop, selected from one or more of the following: 0.1-0.3 mg / L fluid boron, 1-3 mg / L KH2PO4, 5-25 mg / L NAA, and 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium.

[0009] Furthermore, the regulator promotes flowering of bougainvillea or inhibits bud drop under natural conditions or simulated storage and transportation conditions.

[0010] Furthermore, the natural conditions are: temperature of 22℃-26℃, sunshine duration of 10-12 hours, and relative humidity of 74%-82%.

[0011] Furthermore, the simulated storage and transportation conditions are as follows: after the plants to be sprayed are dried, they are moved into a dark room and the temperature is maintained at 24℃-26℃ and the relative humidity is 72%-80%. The simulated transportation lasts for 2-4 days. After the dark treatment is completed, the plants are placed under natural conditions with 10-12 hours of sunlight.

[0012] Furthermore, the regulator that promotes bougainvillea flowering under natural conditions consists of 0.2 mg / L fluid boron, 25 mg / L NAA, and 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium.

[0013] Furthermore, the regulator that inhibits bud abscission under natural conditions is 25 mg / L NAA and 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium.

[0014] Furthermore, the regulator that promotes bougainvillea flowering under simulated storage and transportation conditions is 2 mg / L KH2PO4.

[0015] Furthermore, the regulator that inhibits bud drop under simulated storage and transportation conditions is 0.3 mg / L fluid boron.

[0016] Furthermore, spray the bougainvillea with external spray until water droplets fall from the plant's leaves and flower buds.

[0017] Furthermore, the regulator needs to be mixed with 0.1% Tween 20 before spraying.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. This invention selects and combines fluid boron, KH2PO4, NAA, and sugar alcohol calcium to screen out comprehensive and efficient regulation schemes for controlling the flowering period and inhibiting flower bud drop under natural production and cultivation conditions and simulated dark storage and transportation conditions. By applying the regulator through exogenous spraying, it can effectively promote flowering of bougainvillea or inhibit flower bud drop, thereby improving the ornamental value and storage and transportation resistance of bougainvillea, and providing a basis for the production, cultivation management and transportation of bougainvillea in practical applications.

[0020] 2. As verified by examples, under natural conditions, a regulator composed of 0.2 mg / L fluid boron, 25 mg / L NAA, and 50 mg / L calcium tartrate showed the best effect in promoting bougainvillea flowering; the regulator composed of 25 mg / L NAA and 50 mg / L calcium tartrate showed the most significant effect in inhibiting bud drop at all stages of the flowering period. Under simulated storage and transportation conditions, single application of 2 mg / L KH2PO4 showed the best effect in promoting bougainvillea flowering; single application of 0.3 mg / L fluid boron showed the most significant effect in inhibiting bud drop at all stages of the flowering period. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 A diagram illustrating the grading of bracts for the bougainvillea 'Miss Manila' variety.

[0022] Figure 2 The graph shows the effect of Examples 1-3 on the flowering rate of Bougainvillea under natural conditions, where a is the flowering rate of flower buds after 3 days of treatment and b is the flowering rate of flower buds after 6 days of treatment.

[0023] Figure 3 The graph shows the effect of Examples 4-6 on the flowering rate of Bougainvillea under natural conditions, where a is the flowering rate of flower buds after 3 days of treatment and b is the flowering rate of flower buds after 6 days of treatment.

[0024] Figure 4 The figure shows the effect of Examples 7-9 on the flowering rate of Bougainvillea under natural conditions, where a is the flowering rate of flower buds after 3 days of treatment and b is the flowering rate of flower buds after 6 days of treatment.

[0025] Figure 5 The figure shows the effect of different plant growth regulators on the flowering rate of bougainvillea under natural conditions. In the figure, a represents the flowering rate of flower buds after 3 days of treatment, and b represents the flowering rate of flower buds after 6 days of treatment.

[0026] Figure 6 The graph shows the effect of Examples 1-3 on the drop rate of bougainvillea flower buds at various levels under natural conditions, where a is the drop rate of grade A flower buds, b is the drop rate of grade B flower buds, c is the drop rate of grade C flower buds, and d is the drop rate of grade D flower buds.

[0027] Figure 7 The diagram shows the effect of Examples 1-3 on the shedding of Bougainvillea plants under natural conditions.

[0028] Figure 8 The graph shows the effect of Examples 4-6 on the drop rate of bougainvillea flower buds at various levels under natural conditions, where a is the drop rate of grade A flower buds, b is the drop rate of grade B flower buds, c is the drop rate of grade C flower buds, and d is the drop rate of grade D flower buds.

[0029] Figure 9 The diagram shows the effect of Examples 4-6 on the shedding of Bougainvillea plants under natural conditions.

[0030] Figure 10 The graph shows the effect of Examples 7-9 on the drop rate of bougainvillea flower buds at various levels under natural conditions, where a is the drop rate of grade A flower buds, b is the drop rate of grade B flower buds, c is the drop rate of grade C flower buds, and d is the drop rate of grade D flower buds.

[0031] Figure 11 The diagram shows the effect of Examples 7-9 on the shedding of Bougainvillea plants under natural conditions.

[0032] Figure 12 This figure shows the effect of different plant growth regulators on the abscission rate of bougainvillea flower buds at various stages under natural conditions.

[0033] Figure 13 The diagram shows the effect of Examples 10-12 on the flowering rate of Bougainvillea under simulated storage and transportation conditions. In the diagram, a represents the flowering rate of flower buds after 3 days of treatment, and b represents the flowering rate of flower buds after 6 days of treatment.

[0034] Figure 14 The diagram shows the effect of Examples 13-15 on the flowering rate of Bougainvillea under simulated storage and transportation conditions. In the diagram, a represents the flowering rate of flower buds after 3 days of treatment, and b represents the flowering rate of flower buds after 6 days of treatment.

[0035] Figure 15 The diagram shows the effect of Examples 16-18 on the flowering rate of Bougainvillea under simulated storage and transportation conditions. In the diagram, a represents the flowering rate of flower buds after 3 days of treatment, and b represents the flowering rate of flower buds after 6 days of treatment.

[0036] Figure 16 The diagram shows the effect of Examples 19-21 on the flowering rate of Bougainvillea under simulated storage and transportation conditions. In the diagram, a represents the flowering rate of flower buds after 3 days of treatment, and b represents the flowering rate of flower buds after 6 days of treatment.

[0037] Figure 17 To simulate the effect of different plant growth regulators on the flowering rate of bougainvillea under storage and transportation conditions, the figure shows that a represents the flowering rate of flower buds after 3 days of treatment, and b represents the flowering rate of flower buds after 6 days of treatment.

[0038] Figure 18 The diagram shows the effect of Examples 10-12 on the drop rate of bougainvillea flower buds at each level under simulated storage and transportation conditions. In the diagram, a represents the drop rate of grade A flower buds, b represents the drop rate of grade B flower buds, c represents the drop rate of grade C flower buds, and d represents the drop rate of grade D flower buds.

[0039] Figure 19 The diagram shows the effect of Examples 10-12 on the shedding of Bougainvillea plants under simulated storage and transportation conditions.

[0040] Figure 20 The diagram shows the effect of Examples 13-15 on the drop rate of bougainvillea flower buds at each level under simulated storage and transportation conditions. In the diagram, a represents the drop rate of grade A flower buds, b represents the drop rate of grade B flower buds, c represents the drop rate of grade C flower buds, and d represents the drop rate of grade D flower buds.

[0041] Figure 21 The diagram shows the effect of Examples 13-15 on the shedding of Bougainvillea plants under simulated storage and transportation conditions.

[0042] Figure 22 The diagram shows the effect of Examples 16-18 on the drop rate of bougainvillea flower buds at each level under simulated storage and transportation conditions. In the diagram, a represents the drop rate of grade A flower buds, b represents the drop rate of grade B flower buds, c represents the drop rate of grade C flower buds, and d represents the drop rate of grade D flower buds.

[0043] Figure 23 The diagram shows the effect of Examples 16-18 on the shedding of Bougainvillea plants under simulated storage and transportation conditions.

[0044] Figure 24The diagram shows the effect of Examples 19-21 on the drop rate of bougainvillea flower buds at each level under simulated storage and transportation conditions. In the diagram, a represents the drop rate of grade A flower buds, b represents the drop rate of grade B flower buds, c represents the drop rate of grade C flower buds, and d represents the drop rate of grade D flower buds.

[0045] Figure 25 The diagram shows the effect of Examples 19-21 on the shedding of Bougainvillea plants under simulated storage and transportation conditions.

[0046] Figure 26 This diagram simulates the effect of different plant growth regulators on the abscission rate of bougainvillea flower buds at various stages under storage and transportation conditions. Detailed Implementation

[0047] To better understand the technical content of this invention, specific embodiments are provided below to further illustrate the invention.

[0048] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the embodiments of this invention are all conventional methods.

[0049] Unless otherwise specified, all materials and reagents used in the embodiments of this invention are commercially available.

[0050] The reagent names and manufacturers of this invention are as follows:

[0051]

[0052] Examples 1-9

[0053]

[0054] The preparation method of the above regulator:

[0055] To prepare a 1 mg / mL NAA stock solution: Weigh 0.1 g NAA and dissolve it in 100 ml distilled water, then store at 4°C; To prepare a 1 mg / mL sugar alcohol calcium stock solution: Weigh 0.1 g sugar alcohol calcium, dissolve it in 100 ml distilled water, and store at 4°C.

[0056] To prepare a 1 mg / mL KH2PO4 stock solution: Weigh 0.1 g KH2PO4, dissolve it in 100 ml distilled water, and store at 4 °C.

[0057] Prepare a 1 mg / mL fluid boron stock solution: Weigh 0.1 g of fluid boron, dissolve it in 100 ml of distilled water, and store at 4 °C;

[0058] Different concentrations of regulators were prepared using the above-mentioned mother liquor;

[0059] The regulator 5 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium in Example 1 refers to 1 L of distilled water containing 5 mg NAA and 50 mg sugar alcohol calcium.

[0060] The regulator in Example 2, 15 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium, refers to 1 L of distilled water containing 15 mg NAA and 50 mg sugar alcohol calcium.

[0061] The regulator 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium in Example 3 refers to 1 L of distilled water containing 25 mg NAA and 50 mg sugar alcohol calcium.

[0062] The regulator in Example 4, 0.1 mg / L fluid boron + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium, refers to 1 L of distilled water containing 0.1 mg fluid boron, 25 mg NAA and 50 mg sugar alcohol calcium.

[0063] The regulator in Example 5, 0.2 mg / L fluid boron + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium, refers to 1 L of distilled water containing 0.2 mg fluid boron, 25 mg NAA and 50 mg sugar alcohol calcium.

[0064] The regulator in Example 6, 0.3 mg / L fluid boron + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium, refers to 1 L of distilled water containing 0.3 mg fluid boron, 25 mg NAA and 50 mg sugar alcohol calcium.

[0065] The regulator in Example 7, 1 mg / L KH2PO4 + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium, refers to 1 L of distilled water containing 1 mg KH2PO4, 25 mg NAA and 50 mg sugar alcohol calcium.

[0066] The regulator in Example 8, 2 mg / L KH2PO4 + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium, refers to 1 L of distilled water containing 2 mg KH2PO4, 25 mg NAA and 50 mg sugar alcohol calcium.

[0067] The regulator in Example 9, 3 mg / L KH2PO4 + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium, refers to 1 L of distilled water containing 3 mg KH2PO4, 25 mg NAA and 50 mg sugar alcohol calcium.

[0068] Experimental Example 1 - Under Natural Conditions

[0069] 1. Plant materials

[0070] Experimental material: Bougainvillea variety 'Miss Manila', also known as 'Water Red' or 'Tong'an Red'.

[0071] Experimental materials were selected from potted bougainvillea 'Miss Manila' plants with similar initial flowering periods, vigorous growth, no pests or diseases, and similar growth conditions in terms of height and crown width. The average plant height was 90.5 cm and the crown width was 58.0 cm. The plastic flower pots were 30 cm (mouth diameter) × 18 cm (bottom diameter) × 21 cm (height). The plants were placed at a spacing of 90 cm × 90 cm. The substrate was local garden soil: nutrient soil: coconut coir = 2:2:1.

[0072] Experimental location: Hongqi Base of China Agricultural University Sanya Research Institute, Sanya City, Hainan Province. Natural treatment was completed in the greenhouse of Hongqi Base, and dark treatment was completed in the darkroom of the base.

[0073] 2. Test Methods

[0074] 2.1 Experimental treatment under natural conditions

[0075] A randomized block design was used to compare the effects of Examples 1-9 on flowering and bud drop of potted Bougainvillea 'Miss Manila' under natural conditions. Water spraying (CK) served as the control. Tween 20 was added as a surfactant to all treatments, at a concentration of 0.1% of the surfactant solution. Five pots were treated per group, and the treatments were repeated three times to ensure the accuracy of the results and minimize experimental error. Exogenous spraying was performed using a 500mL sprayer, with each 500mL solution applied to five pots until water droplets fell from the leaves and buds. Spraying was conducted at the initial flowering stage of the plants, and the experiment was carried out on a sunny afternoon around 16:00 to avoid the influence of rainy days and high temperatures on the results.

[0076] During the natural conditions treatment period, the average temperature was 22℃-26℃, the average sunshine duration was 11 hours, and the average relative humidity was 74%-82%. During the treatment period, conventional maintenance and management were adopted. Watering was carried out when the surface of the potting soil was dry, and watering was done thoroughly until water flowed out from the bottom of the pot.

[0077] 2.2 Measurement of physiological indicators

[0078] Based on the different stages of bougainvillea's flowering period, bougainvillea flower buds are divided into four stages: A, B, C, and D. Figure 1 As shown: Grade A buds are in the initial flowering stage, with bracts approximately 1 cm wide and 2 cm long, and the true flowers have not yet opened; Grade B buds are in the early flowering stage, with bracts approximately 2 cm wide and 2.8 cm long, and the true flowers are about to open; Grade C buds are in the full bloom stage, with bracts approximately 3.1 cm wide and 4 cm long, and 1 to 3 true flowers have opened; Grade D buds are in the flower-falling stage, with bracts approximately 3 cm wide and 3.5 cm long, and the true flowers have finished opening, with the flower tube curled. Before spraying, the experimental materials were marked according to the four bract stages for subsequent measurement and analysis of floret opening and bud abscission.

[0079] After the exogenous spraying treatment, observations and photographs were taken at 16:00 every 0, 3, 6, and 10 days. The flowering rate and flower bud drop rate were calculated by counting the number of flower buds that opened and fell off at each stage before the treatment.

[0080] Flowering rate (%) = Number of newly opened flowers / Number of unopened flowers before treatment × 100%;

[0081] Flower bud drop rate (%) = Number of flower buds dropped / Total number of flower buds before treatment × 100%.

[0082] 2.3 Data Processing

[0083] Microsoft Excel 2019 and GraphPad Prism 9.5 were used for data processing and graphing. SPSS 26.0 software was used for Duncan's method to perform significance analysis on the data (p<0.05), and the letter method was used to label the differences.

[0084] 3. Data Results

[0085] 3.1 Effects of different treatments on bougainvillea flowering under natural conditions

[0086] 3.1.1 Effects of N1-N3 (Examples 1-3) on Bougainvillea flowering

[0087] N1 (5 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), N2 (15 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), N3 (25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), such as Figure 2 As shown in Figure a, after 3 days of treatment, the flowering rate of bougainvillea first decreased and then increased with increasing NAA concentration. The flowering rates of N1 and N3 treatments were significantly higher than those of the control group (CK). The average flowering rate of N3 was 36.87%, significantly higher than the 23.90% of the control group (CK) and the 18.27% of N. Figure 2 As shown in b, after 6 days of treatment, the flowering rates of N1, N2, and N3 were significantly higher than those of the control group CK. Among them, the flowering rate of N3 group, which had the highest flowering rate, was 36.4% higher than that of the CK group.

[0088] 3.1.2 Effects of Examples 1-3 on Bougainvillea Flowering (E1-E3, Examples 4-6)

[0089] E1 (0.1 mg / L fluid boron + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), E2 (0.2 mg / L fluid boron + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), E3 (0.3 mg / L fluid boron + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), such as Figure 3 As shown in Figure a, after 3 days of treatment, the flowering rate of bougainvillea first increased and then decreased with the increase of fluid boron concentration. The flowering rate after E2 treatment was significantly higher than that of the control group (CK) by 25.1%, while the flowering rates of E1 and E3 were not significantly different from those of the control group (CK), and had no significant promoting effect on the flowering rate at 3 days. Figure 3 As shown in b, after 6 days of treatment, the flowering rates of E2 and E3 were significantly higher than those of the control group CK. Among them, E2 had the most significant effect on promoting flowering, while the flowering rate of E1 was not significantly different from that of the control group CK.

[0090] 3.1.3 Effects of K1-K3 (Examples 7-9) on Bougainvillea flowering

[0091] K1 (1 mg / L KH2PO4 + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), K2 (2 mg / L KH2PO4 + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), and K3 (3 mg / L KH2PO4 + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), such as Figure 4 As shown in Figure a, after 3 days of treatment, the flowering rate of bougainvillea increased with increasing KH₂PO₄ concentration. The flowering rate after K₃ treatment was significantly higher than that of the control group (CK), while K₂ showed no significant difference compared to the control group (CK). The flowering rate of K₁ was significantly lower than other treatment groups, with a flowering rate of only 19.4%, significantly inhibiting true flower opening. Figure 4 As shown in b, after 6 days of treatment, the flowering rates of K1, K2 and K3 treatments were significantly higher than those of the control group CK, which can promote the early flowering of bougainvillea.

[0092] In summary, the optimal concentrations that significantly promoted bougainvillea flowering in each treatment group were combined as follows: N3 (25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L calcium oxytoxin), K3 (3 mg / L KH2PO4 + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L calcium oxytoxin), and E2 (0.2 mg / L fluid boron + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L calcium oxytoxin). Figure 5 As shown in Figure a, after 3 days of treatment, the flowering rates of the E2, N3, and K3 treatments were all higher than the control group (CK). Among them, the E2 treatment was significantly higher than the other two treatments, showing the most significant effect in promoting flowering. However, the flowering rate of the K3 treatment was not significantly different from the control group (CK), indicating no significant effect in promoting flowering. Figure 5As shown in Figure b, after 6 days of treatment, the flowering rate of all three treatments was significantly higher than that of the control group, with the E2 treatment showing the most significant effect in promoting flowering.

[0093] Therefore, the E2 (0.2 mg / L fluid boron + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium) treatment of the present invention showed the best flowering promotion effect at 3 days and 6 days.

[0094] 3.2 Effects of different treatments under natural conditions on inhibiting bougainvillea flower bud drop

[0095] 3.2.1 Effects of N1-N3 (Examples 1-3) on inhibiting bougainvillea flower bud drop

[0096] N1 (5 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), N2 (15 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), N3 (25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), such as Figure 6 As shown in Figure a, among the grade A flower buds after each treatment, the N3 treatment had the lowest flower bud drop rate at 3.4%, which was 4.5% lower than the CK group. The drop rate was significantly lower than the CK group, while the N1 treatment had a similar flower bud drop rate to the CK group, indicating no significant effect in inhibiting flower bud drop. Figure 6 As shown in b, among the B-grade flower buds after each treatment, the N1, N2, and N3 treatments, with different concentrations of NAA, significantly inhibited the abscission rate of B-grade flower buds compared to the CK group. The abscission rate decreased with increasing NAA concentration. Among them, the N3 treatment resulted in the lowest abscission rate of 17.2%, which was 17.8% lower than the abscission rate of the CK group. Figure 6 As shown in c, among the C-grade flower buds after each treatment, the abscission rate of C-grade flower buds decreased with increasing NAA concentration. Specifically, the abscission rate of flower buds treated with N3 was significantly lower than that treated with the CK group, with the abscission rate of C-grade flower buds being 29% lower than that of the CK group, significantly inhibiting the abscission of C-grade flower buds. Figure 6 As shown in d, among the D-grade flower buds after each treatment, the abscission rate of D-grade flower buds in the three combinations of different NAA concentrations was significantly lower than that in the CK group. Among them, the N3 group had the lowest D-grade flower bud abscission rate, only 35.5%, which was 58.2% lower than that in the CK group, demonstrating a significant inhibitory effect on D-grade flower bud abscission. There was no significant difference in the flower bud abscission rate between the N2 and N3 treatments, but both significantly inhibited D-grade flower bud abscission compared to the CK group.

[0097] See Figure 7All three treatments with different concentrations of NAA inhibited bougainvillea bud drop compared to the control group. At 3 days, the inhibitory effect among treatments was not significant. At 6 days, the combination of NAA and calcium sugar alcohol resulted in less bud drop, as shown in the figure. At 10 days, treatments N2 and N3 showed significant inhibitory effects on bud drop, significantly suppressing bud drop at stages A, B, C, and D, and prolonging the flowering period compared to the control group.

[0098] 3.2.2 Effects of E1-E3 (Examples 4-6) on inhibiting bougainvillea flower bud drop

[0099] E1 (0.1 mg / L fluid boron + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), E2 (0.2 mg / L fluid boron + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), E3 (0.3 mg / L fluid boron + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), such as Figure 8 As shown in Figure a, in the A-grade flower buds treated with different concentrations of fluid boron, the flower bud abscission rate first decreased and then increased with increasing fluid boron concentration. Treatment E2 significantly inhibited flower bud abscission, with an abscission rate 4.4% lower than the CK group. Treatments E1 and E3 showed no significant inhibitory effect on flower bud abscission compared to the CK group, but E3 accelerated flower bud abscission. Figure 8 As shown in b, with the increase of fluid boron concentration, the abscission rate of grade B flower buds showed a change of first decreasing and then increasing. Among them, the abscission rates of treatments E1 and E3 were higher than those of the CK group, showing no inhibitory effect and accelerating flower bud abscission. The abscission rate of treatment E2 was 14.7% lower than that of the CK group, significantly inhibiting the abscission of grade B flower buds. Figure 8 As shown in Figure c, among the C-grade flower buds treated with different concentrations of fluid boron, treatment E2 significantly inhibited bud abscission, with an abscission rate 28.7% lower than that of the CK group. Treatments E1 and E3 showed no significant difference in abscission rates compared to the CK group, indicating no significant inhibitory effect on bud abscission, but neither did they accelerate it. Figure 8 As shown in d, all three groups of different concentrations of fluid boron treatments inhibited the abscission of D-grade flower buds. Among them, the E2 treatment had the most significant inhibitory effect, with an abscission rate of 47.7%, which was 41.9% lower than that of the CK group.

[0100] Therefore, the E2 (0.2 mg / L fluid boron + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium) treatment was most effective in inhibiting the abscission of flower buds at all levels.

[0101] See Figure 9All three groups of different concentrations of fluid boron treatment significantly inhibited flower bud abscission. At 3 days of treatment, the effect of inhibiting flower bud abscission was not obvious compared with the CK group. By 6 days of treatment, both the E2 and E3 treatments showed significant inhibitory effects. By 10 days of treatment, the E2 treatment showed the most significant effect in inhibiting flower bud abscission, and the plants were growing well. The flowering period of the bougainvillea in this group was significantly prolonged.

[0102] 3.2.3 The effect of K1-K3 (Examples 7-9) on inhibiting the shedding of bougainvillea flower buds

[0103] K1 (1 mg / L KH2PO4 + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), K2 (2 mg / L KH2PO4 + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), and K3 (3 mg / L KH2PO4 + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), such as Figure 10 As shown in Figure a, the abscission rate of grade A flower buds treated with different concentrations of KH₂PO₄ initially decreased and then increased with increasing KH₂PO₄ concentration. The K₂ treatment resulted in the lowest abscission rate of grade A flower buds, only 6.5%, significantly lower than the CK group and the other two concentration treatments. The abscission rate was 10.7% lower than that of the CK group, demonstrating a significant inhibitory effect on grade A flower bud abscission. The abscission rates of the K₁ and K₃ treatments were also lower than those of the CK group, but their inhibitory effect was not as significant as that of the K₂ treatment, which showed a higher abscission rate. Figure 10 As shown in b, with increasing KH₂PO₄ concentration, the abscission rate of grade B flower buds gradually decreased, and the abscission rates of all three concentration treatments were lower than those of the control group. Specifically, the abscission rate of K₃ treatment was 16.6%, 18.7% lower than that of the control group, demonstrating a significant effect in inhibiting the abscission of grade B flower buds. Figure 10 As shown in Figure c, among the C-grade flower buds treated with different concentrations of KH₂PO₄, the abscission rate of C-grade flower buds gradually decreased with increasing KH₂PO₄ concentration gradient. Specifically, the abscission rate of flower buds treated with K1 was 55%, close to that of the CK group, and had no significant inhibitory effect on the abscission of B-grade flower buds. The abscission rate of flower buds treated with K3 was 23.2%, 31.1% lower than that of the CK group, showing a significant inhibitory effect on abscission. Figure 10 As shown in Figure d, the abscission rate of grade D flower buds gradually decreased with increasing KH2PO4 concentration gradient. The abscission rates of flower buds after all three concentration treatments were significantly lower than those after the control group (CK). Specifically, the abscission rate of flower buds after K3 treatment was 39.3%, significantly lower than the 50.3% in the CK group, indicating a significant inhibitory effect on the abscission of grade D flower buds.

[0104] See Figure 11Compared with the control group (CK), all three treatments with different concentrations of KH2PO4 inhibited flower bud abscission at 6 days. However, at 10 days, the inhibitory effect on flower bud abscission was not as significant as at 6 days. Among them, the K3 treatment showed the most significant inhibition of flower bud abscission, inhibiting flower bud abscission at stages B, C, and D. The K1 treatment showed a more significant inhibitory effect on stage D flower bud abscission, while the K2 treatment showed a more significant inhibitory effect on stage A flower bud abscission. Therefore, K3 was the most effective at inhibiting flower bud abscission.

[0105] In summary, the optimal concentrations that significantly inhibited bud abscission in each treatment group were combined as follows: E2 (0.2 mg / L fluid boron + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), N3 (25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), and K3 (3 mg / L KH2PO4 + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium). Figure 12 As shown, under natural conditions, the bud abscission rate increases with each stage of the flowering period, from the initial flowering stage to the final flowering stage. Treatments E2, N3, and K3 all inhibited bud abscission compared to the control (CK) group. Among these, treatment E2 showed the best effect in inhibiting bud abscission at all stages of the flowering period.

[0106] Examples 10-21

[0107]

[0108] Preparation method:

[0109] To prepare a 1 mg / mL NAA stock solution: Weigh 0.1 g NAA and dissolve it in 100 ml distilled water, then store at 4°C; To prepare a 1 mg / mL sugar alcohol calcium stock solution: Weigh 0.1 g sugar alcohol calcium, dissolve it in 100 ml distilled water, and store at 4°C.

[0110] To prepare a 1 mg / mL KH2PO4 stock solution: Weigh 0.1 g KH2PO4, dissolve it in 100 ml distilled water, and store at 4 °C.

[0111] Prepare a 1 mg / mL fluid boron stock solution: Weigh 0.1 g of fluid boron, dissolve it in 100 ml of distilled water, and store at 4 °C;

[0112] Different concentrations of regulators were prepared using the above-mentioned mother liquor;

[0113] The regulator 1 mg / L KH2PO4 in Example 10 refers to 1 mg KH2PO4 in 1 L of distilled water.

[0114] The regulator 2 mg / L KH2PO4 in Example 11 refers to 1 mg KH2PO4 in 1 L of distilled water.

[0115] The regulator 3 mg / L KH2PO4 in Example 12 refers to 1 mg KH2PO4 in 1 L of distilled water.

[0116] The regulator in Example 13, 1 mg / L KH2PO4 + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium, refers to 1 L of distilled water containing 1 mg KH2PO4, 25 mg NAA, and 50 mg sugar alcohol calcium.

[0117] The regulator in Example 14, 2 mg / L KH2PO4 + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L, refers to 1 L of distilled water containing 2 mg KH2PO4, 25 mg NAA, and 50 mg sugar alcohol calcium.

[0118] The regulator in Example 15, 3 mg / L KH2PO4 + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium, refers to 1 L of distilled water containing 3 mg KH2PO4, 25 mg NAA, and 50 mg sugar alcohol calcium.

[0119] The 0.1 mg / L fluid boron regulator in Example 16 refers to 0.1 mg of fluid boron in 1 L of distilled water.

[0120] The regulator in Example 17, 0.2 mg / L fluid boron, refers to 0.2 mg of fluid boron per 1 L of distilled water.

[0121] The regulator in Example 18, 0.3 mg / L fluid boron, refers to 0.3 mg of fluid boron per 1 L of distilled water.

[0122] The regulator in Example 19, 0.1 mg / L fluid boron + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium, refers to 1 L of distilled water containing 0.1 mg fluid boron, 25 mg NAA and 50 mg sugar alcohol calcium.

[0123] The regulator in Example 20, 0.2 mg / L fluid boron + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium, refers to 1 L of distilled water containing 0.2 mg fluid boron, 25 mg NAA and 50 mg sugar alcohol calcium.

[0124] The regulator in Example 21, 0.3 mg / L fluid boron + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium, refers to 1 L of distilled water containing 0.1 mg fluid boron, 25 mg NAA and 50 mg sugar alcohol calcium.

[0125] Experimental Example 2 - Simulated Storage and Transportation Conditions

[0126] 1. Plant material: Same as in Experiment 1

[0127] 2. Test Methods

[0128] 2.1 Experimental treatment under simulated storage and transportation conditions

[0129] A randomized block design was used to compare the effects of Examples 10-21 on flowering and bud drop of potted Bougainvillea 'Miss Manila' under simulated storage and transportation conditions. Water spraying (CK) served as the control. 0.1% Tween 20 was added as a surfactant to all treatments. Five pots were treated per group, with three replicates. Spraying was conducted at the initial flowering stage of the plants, on sunny afternoons around 16:00 to avoid the influence of rainy days and high temperatures on the results. After the sprayed plants dried, they were moved into a dark room, where the temperature was maintained at approximately 25°C and the average relative humidity at 72%-80% for 3 days to simulate transportation. After the dark treatment, the plants were moved out and placed under natural conditions with an average of 11 hours of sunlight per day. During the treatment period, routine maintenance was used; watering was done when the surface of the potting soil was dry, ensuring thorough watering until water drained from the bottom of the pot.

[0130] 2.2 Physiological index measurement: consistent with Experimental Example 1

[0131] 2.3 Data processing: consistent with Experiment 1

[0132] 3. Data Results

[0133] 3.1 Effects of different treatments on bougainvillea flowering under simulated storage and transportation conditions

[0134] 3.1.1 Effects of A1-A3 (Examples 10-12) on Bougainvillea flowering

[0135] Three groups: A1 (1 mg / L KH2PO4), A2 (2 mg / L KH2PO4), and A3 (3 mg / L KH2PO4), as follows: Figure 13 As shown in Figure a, after 3 days of treatment, the flowering rate of group A3 was 54.5%, close to that of groups A1 and A2, both around 50%, and higher than the flowering rate of group CK (42.9%). Figure 13 As shown in b, after 6 days of treatment, there was no significant difference between the three treatment groups and the control group, with flowering rates ranging from 81% to 86%. The flowering rate of group A3 was slightly higher than that of the other groups. The flowering rates of different concentrations of KH2PO4 were slightly higher than those of the control group, but there was no significant difference among the three groups with different concentrations of KH2PO4.

[0136] 3.1.2 Effects of D1-D3 (Examples 13-15) on Bougainvillea flowering

[0137] D1 (1 mg / L KH2PO4 + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), D2 (2 mg / L KH2PO4 + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), D3 (3 mg / L KH2PO4 + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), such as Figure 14 As shown in Figure a, after 3 days of treatment, the flowering rate initially decreased and then increased with increasing KH₂PO₄ concentration. The flowering rates of treatments D1 and D3 were higher than those of the control group (CK). Treatment D1 had the highest flowering rate at 49.7%, while treatment D2 had the lowest at 30.5%, which was 9.4% lower than the CK treatment and 16.1% lower than the D1 treatment, significantly inhibiting true flower opening. Figure 14 As shown in b, after 6 days of treatment, the flowering rate of group D3 was the highest at 87.7%, which was 6.1% higher than that of group CK. The flowering rates of groups D1 and D2 were both lower than that of group CK. Among them, the flowering rate of group D2 was the lowest at 69.2%, which was 12.4% lower than that of group CK and 18.5% lower than that of group D3, significantly inhibiting flowering.

[0138] 3.1.3 Effects of B1-B3 (Examples 16-18) on Bougainvillea flowering

[0139] B1 (0.1 mg / L fluid boron), B2 (0.2 mg / L fluid boron), and B3 (0.3 mg / L fluid boron), such as Figure 15 As shown in Figure a, after 3 days of treatment, the flowering rate of group B3 was 46.7%, higher than other treatments, significantly promoting flowering. However, treatments B1 and B2 had no significant promoting effect, and the flowering rate of group B1 was 30.6%, 12.3% lower than the CK group, indicating inhibited flowering. Figure 15 As shown in b, after 6 days of treatment, the flowering rate increased with increasing fluid boron concentration, but only treatment B3 promoted floret opening. The flowering rate of treatment B3 was 84.3%, higher than that of treatments B1 and B2, but there was no significant difference between treatment B3 and the control group (CK), with treatment B3 being slightly higher than the CK group by 2.7%, indicating no significant promoting effect on flowering. After 6 days of treatment, the flowering rates of treatments B1 and B2 were lower than those of treatment CK, both inhibiting floret opening. Treatment B1 showed the most significant inhibitory effect on flowering, with a flowering rate of only 61.2%, 13.4% lower than the CK group.

[0140] 3.1.4 Effects of C1-C3 (Examples 19-21) on Bougainvillea flowering

[0141] C1 (0.1 mg / L fluid boron + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), C2 (0.2 mg / L fluid boron + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), and C3 (0.3 mg / L fluid boron + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), such as Figure 16 As shown in Figure a, after 3 days of treatment, the flowering rate of groups C2 and C3 was not significantly different from that of the CK group, ranging from 41% to 42%. However, the flowering rate of group C1 was 19.5%, significantly lower than that of the other groups, indicating a clear inhibition of flowering. Figure 16 As shown in b, after 6 days of treatment, the flowering rate of group C3 was 80.9%, which was close to that of group CK (81.6%). However, the flowering rates of groups C1 and C2 were lower than those of group CK. The flowering rate of group C2 was 71%, while that of group C1 was only 49.7%, which was 31.9% lower than that of group CK, significantly inhibiting flowering.

[0142] In summary, under simulated dark storage and transportation conditions, the optimal concentrations that significantly promoted bougainvillea flowering in each treatment group were combined as follows: C3 (0.3 mg / L fluid boron + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), A3 (3 mg / L KH2PO4), and D3 (3 mg / L KH2PO4 + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium). Figure 17 As shown in Figure a, after 3 days of treatment, group A3 had the highest flowering rate at 54.5%, which was 11.6% higher than the CK group, significantly promoting flowering. Group C3 had a flowering rate of 41.1%, similar to the CK group, showing no significant promoting effect on flowering. Figure 17 As shown in b, after 6 days of treatment, the flowering rate of the D3 group was 87.7%, which was 6.1% higher than that of the CK group. However, the difference in flowering rate among the treatment groups was not significant, all ranging from 81% to 88%. Only the flowering rate of the C3 group was slightly lower than that of the CK group.

[0143] 3.2 Effects of different treatments under simulated storage and transportation conditions on inhibiting bougainvillea flower bud drop

[0144] 3.2.1 Effects of A1-A3 (Examples 10-12) on inhibiting bougainvillea flower bud drop

[0145] Three groups: A1 (1 mg / L KH2PO4), A2 (2 mg / L KH2PO4), and A3 (3 mg / L KH2PO4), as follows: Figure 18As shown in Figure a, among the grade A flower buds treated with different concentrations of KH₂PO₄, the abscission rate initially decreased and then increased with increasing KH₂PO₄ concentration. The abscission rate after treatment A2 was 8.5%, significantly lower than the CK group by 11.1%. The abscission rates of treatments A1 and A3 were higher than those of treatment A2, indicating a less significant inhibitory effect compared to treatment A2. Figure 18 As shown in b, with the increase of KH2PO4 concentration, the abscission rate first decreased and then increased. The abscission rate of grade B flower buds treated with all three KH2PO4 concentrations was significantly lower than that of the control group. Specifically, the abscission rate of group A2 was 17.6%, 25.8% lower than that of the control group, significantly inhibiting the abscission of grade B flower buds. Figure 18 As shown in Figure c, with the increase of KH2PO4 concentration, the abscission rate of grade C flower buds gradually decreased. The abscission rates of flower buds after treatment with different concentrations of KH2PO4 in all three groups were significantly lower than those in the control group (CK). Among them, the abscission rate of flower buds in group A3 was 21%, which was 38.2% lower than that in group CK, showing the most significant effect in inhibiting the abscission of grade C flower buds. Figure 18 As shown in d, the abscission rate of grade D flower buds gradually decreased with the increase of KH2PO4 treatment concentration. Among them, the A3 group showed the most significant inhibition of abscission, with a flower bud abscission rate of 61.8%, which was 25.8% lower than that of the CK group.

[0146] Figure 19 It can be seen that, compared with the CK group, all three groups with different concentrations of KH2PO4 were able to inhibit flower bud abscission. After 3 days of treatment, the A2 group treatment was more effective in inhibiting the abscission of A and B grade flower buds at the initial flowering and early flowering stages, while the A3 group treatment was more effective in inhibiting the abscission of C and D grade flower buds at the full bloom and flower fall stages.

[0147] 3.2.2 Effects of D1-D3 (Examples 13-15) on inhibiting bougainvillea flower bud drop

[0148] D1 (1 mg / L KH2PO4 + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), D2 (2 mg / L KH2PO4 + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), D3 (3 mg / L KH2PO4 + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), such as Figure 20 As shown in a, among the grade A flower buds after each treatment, the abscission rates of groups D2 and D3 were similar, both significantly lower than that of the CK group (7.5% lower). However, the abscission rate of group D1 was close to that of the CK group, showing no significant inhibitory effect on the abscission of grade A flower buds. Figure 20As shown in b, among the B-grade flower buds after each treatment, the abscission rate of the three treatment groups was significantly lower than that of the CK group. Among them, the abscission rates of the D2 and D3 treatment groups were the lowest. The abscission rate of the D3 treatment group was 14%, which was 29.6% lower than that of the CK treatment group, demonstrating a significant inhibitory effect on the abscission of B-grade flower buds. Figure 20 As shown in Figure c, in the C-grade flower buds after each treatment, the abscission rate first decreased and then increased with the increase of KH2PO4 concentration, but the abscission rates of all three treatments were significantly lower than those of the CK group. The lowest abscission rate was found in the D2 group, at 21.2%, which was 38% lower than that of the CK group. Figure 20 As shown in d, among the D-grade flower buds after each treatment, groups D1 and D2 were similar to the CK treatment group with no significant difference, while group D3 had a rate of 70.5%, which was 17.2% lower than the CK group, showing the most significant effect in inhibiting the shedding of D-grade flower buds.

[0149] Figure 21 It can be seen that after 3 days of treatment, treatments D1, D2, and D3 significantly inhibited bract abscission compared to the control (CK) group, and all three treatments inhibited abscission at all levels of flower buds. Specifically, treatments D2 and D3 showed more significant inhibitory effects on abscission at all levels than treatment D1, while the inhibitory effects between treatments D2 and D3 were similar. However, the inhibitory effects of all three treatments on abscission of A and D level flower buds (at the initial flowering and flower fall stages) were not significant, showing no significant difference from the CK group. The inhibitory effects on abscission of B and C level flower buds (at the initial and full bloom stages) were more significant.

[0150] 3.2.3 Effects of B1-B3 (Examples 16-18) on inhibiting bougainvillea flower bud drop

[0151] B1 (0.1 mg / L fluid boron), B2 (0.2 mg / L fluid boron), and B3 (0.3 mg / L fluid boron), such as Figure 22 As shown in Figure a, among the grade A flower buds treated with different concentrations of fluid boron, the flower bud shedding rate initially increased and then decreased with increasing concentration. The flower bud shedding rate in group B3 was 9.4%, the lowest among the three treatment groups, and 5.8% lower than that in group CK. Figure 22 As shown in Figure b, the abscission rate of grade B flower buds did not differ significantly among the three groups of fluid boron concentrations, ranging from 15% to 21%, which was lower than the 43.4% in the control group. Specifically, 0.2 mg·L⁻¹ -1 Fluid boron treatment showed the most significant inhibitory effect on the abscission of grade B flower buds, at 15.1%, which was 28.3% lower than that of the control group. Figure 22As shown in Figure c, the abscission rate of grade C flower buds treated with the three concentrations of fluid boron was significantly lower than that of the control (CK) group. The abscission rate gradually decreased with increasing fluid boron concentration. Among them, the B3 group treatment showed the most significant effect in inhibiting flower bud abscission, with a rate 32.7% lower than the CK group. Figure 22 As shown in Figure d, among the D-grade flower buds treated with different concentrations of fluid boron, the flower bud drop rates of groups B1 and B2 were not significantly different from those of the CK group, indicating no significant inhibitory effect on flower bud drop. In the three concentration gradient treatments, the flower bud drop rate of group B3 was 59.6%, significantly lower than the 87.8% drop rate of the CK group, demonstrating a significant inhibitory effect on flower bud drop.

[0152] from Figure 23 It can be seen that treatments B1, B2, and B3 all inhibited the abscission of flower buds at all levels compared with the control group, and the inhibitory effect was evident in all three treatments after 3 days of treatment. In the A and B grade flower buds (from the initial flowering stage to the early flowering stage), there was no significant difference in the inhibitory effect of the three concentration treatments on the abscission of A and B grade flower buds. In the C and D grade flower buds (from the full bloom stage to the flower fall stage), the abscission of flower buds treated with group B3 was significantly reduced compared with the control group, demonstrating a significant inhibitory effect on flower bud abscission.

[0153] 3.2.4 Effect of C1-C3 (Examples 19-21) on inhibiting bougainvillea flower bud drop

[0154] C1 (0.1 mg / L fluid boron + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), C2 (0.2 mg / L fluid boron + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), and C3 (0.3 mg / L fluid boron + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), such as Figure 24 As shown in a, among the grade A flower buds after each treatment, the abscission rate of groups C1 and C2 was slightly lower than that of group CK, but the difference was not significant. The abscission rate of group C3 was 8.2%, significantly lower than that of group CK, indicating a significant inhibitory effect on the abscission of grade A flower buds. Figure 24 As shown in b, with the increase of fluid boron concentration in the treatment combination, the abscission rate of grade B flower buds gradually decreased. The abscission rate of flower buds after the three treatment groups was significantly lower than that of the CK group. The abscission rate of group C3 was 14%, which was 29.6% lower than that of the CK group, and the inhibition of grade B flower bud abscission was the most significant. Figure 24As shown in Figure c, the abscission rate of grade C buds gradually decreased with increasing boron concentration in the treatment combination, and all three treatments were significantly lower than the CK group. Specifically, group C3 had a rate of 27.5%, 31.7% lower than the CK group, showing the most significant inhibitory effect on grade C bud abscission among the three treatments. As shown in Figure 24, the abscission rate of grade D buds initially increased and then decreased with increasing boron concentration in the treatment combination. Groups C1 and C3 had significantly lower abscission rates than the CK group, but the abscission rates were similar between groups C1 and C3, indicating no significant difference in their inhibitory effect on grade D bud abscission.

[0155] from Figure 25 It can be seen that, compared with the CK group, all three treatments inhibited the abscission of flower buds at all levels. The C3 group treatment showed a significant inhibitory effect on the abscission of flower buds at all levels from the initial flowering stage to the flowering stage, making it the optimal treatment combination for inhibiting the abscission of bougainvillea flower buds.

[0156] In summary, under simulated dark storage and transportation conditions, the optimal concentrations that significantly inhibited bud abscission in each treatment group were combined as follows: C3 (0.3 mg / L fluid boron + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium), A2 (2 mg / L KH2PO4), and D2 (2 mg / L KH2PO4 + 25 mg / L NAA + 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium). Figure 26 As shown, after simulated storage and transportation treatment, the abscission rate of flower buds at each level gradually increased from the initial flowering stage to the flowering stage. The abscission rate of flower buds after each treatment group was lower than that of the CK group. In the A-level flower buds, treatments C3 and D2 significantly inhibited flower bud abscission; in the B-level flower buds, treatment C3 resulted in the lowest abscission rate; in the C-level flower buds, treatment D2 resulted in the lowest abscission rate; and in the D-level flower buds, treatment B3 resulted in the lowest abscission rate. Among the A, B, and C-level flower buds in the initial flowering to full bloom stages, treatments C3 and D2, with different combinations of plant growth regulators, showed a more significant effect in inhibiting abscission. However, in the D-level flower buds in the flowering stage, treatment B3 alone was the optimal treatment for inhibiting flower bud abscission.

[0157] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A regulator that promotes bougainvillea flowering under natural conditions, characterized in that, The regulator consists of 0.2 mg / L fluid boron, 25 mg / L naphthaleneacetic acid, and 50 mg / L sugar alcohol calcium.

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