Offshore emergency shut-in blowout preventer

Abstract

The present application relates to oil and gas equipment technical field, provide a kind of offshore emergency blowout preventer, including main body, the first passage is opened in the vertical direction and passes through on the main body, second passage is opened in the horizontal direction in the main body, the second passage is opened with two, two The second passage is symmetrically arranged, the second passage and first passage are interconnected, sealing gate is slidably arranged in each second passage along the length direction of second passage, sealing element is arranged on the side wall of two sealing gates that are close to each other, driving assembly is arranged on the main body, and the driving assembly is used to drive sealing gate to move in second passage, the safety effect of the present application can improve blowout preventer, avoid well backflow.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil and gas equipment technology, and more specifically, to an emergency well stop blowout preventer for offshore operations. Background Technology

[0002] The content in this section only provides background information related to this invention and may not constitute prior art.

[0003] Offshore oil and gas exploration and development, especially operations in water-permeable areas, face more complex challenges and risks than on land. In the deep ocean, extreme high pressure, low temperature, darkness and complex sea conditions combine to dramatically increase the difficulty of operations. In this special environment, uncontrolled blowouts are the most serious type of accident. Once they occur, they will not only cause huge economic losses, but also trigger catastrophic environmental pollution and ecological crises.

[0004] Submersible emergency blowout preventers are heavy-duty emergency rescue equipment specifically designed for deepwater well blowout accidents. Under normal circumstances, the traditional blowout preventer seals to prevent fluid from spraying upwards from the well. However, when the pressure inside the well is abnormal, or under certain special conditions, the pressure inside the well will decrease sharply, resulting in abnormal pressure inside the well and reversal of the pressure direction. This will cause the blowout preventer to fail, resulting in economic losses and even environmental pollution. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide an emergency well sealing blowout preventer for offshore applications, which can improve the safety effect of well sealing blowout preventers and prevent backflow in the well.

[0006] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0007] A marine emergency well sealing blowout preventer includes a main body with a first through-channel extending vertically on the main body and a second channel extending horizontally inside the main body. Two second channels are symmetrically arranged and communicate with the first channel. A sealing gate is slidably disposed within each second channel along its length. Sealing elements are disposed on the sidewalls of the two sealing gates that are close to each other. A driving assembly is disposed on the main body to move the sealing gate within the second channel.

[0008] In some possible embodiments, sealing blocks are fixedly provided on the adjacent sidewalls of the sealing gates, sealing slots are provided on the sealing gates for the sealing blocks to engage, mounting holes are provided on the adjacent sidewalls of the sealing gates, the sealing element is slidably disposed in the mounting holes, an elastic element is provided in the mounting holes, the elastic element acts on the sealing element to drive the sealing element to move away from the mounting holes, and sealing holes are provided on the sidewalls of the sealing gates, with sealing blocks fixedly disposed in the sealing holes.

[0009] In some possible embodiments, the elastic element is made of elastic rubber, with one end of the elastic element away from the seal abutting against the inner wall of the mounting hole, and a gap is provided between the peripheral wall of the elastic element and the inner peripheral wall of the mounting hole.

[0010] In some possible embodiments, the drive assembly includes a drive unit and a connector. The drive unit is disposed on one side of the main body, the connector is disposed at the output end of the drive unit, and a connecting block is disposed at the other end of the connector. A connecting groove is formed on the sidewalls of the sealing gates that are far apart from each other. The connecting block is disposed in the connecting groove and is provided with a limiting member for limiting the position of the connecting block in the connecting groove. A connecting ring is fixedly disposed on one side of the main body. The side of the connecting ring away from the main body is fixedly connected to the drive unit. A through hole is formed in the connecting ring, and the connector slides through the through hole. A sealing assembly is provided on the connector for sealing the gap between the through hole and the connector.

[0011] In some possible embodiments, the sealing assembly is provided in two sets, with the two sets of sealing assemblies respectively disposed at both ends of the through hole length direction. The sealing assembly includes a first sealing ring, a second sealing ring, and a third sealing ring. The first sealing ring, the second sealing ring, and the third sealing ring are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the connector. The first sealing ring is located at both ends of the through hole length direction. The outer diameter of the side of the two first sealing rings that are close to each other is smaller than the outer diameter of the side of the two first sealing rings that are far apart from each other. The side of the second sealing ring that is close to the first sealing ring is provided with a protrusion.

[0012] In some possible embodiments, a fourth sealing ring and a fifth sealing ring are provided in the through hole. The fourth sealing ring is located in the middle section of the through hole and is sleeved on the connector. The fifth sealing ring is sleeved on the connector and is located on the side of the fourth sealing ring near the connector. The side wall of the fifth sealing ring away from the connector is used to abut against the side wall of the fourth sealing ring near the connector.

[0013] In some possible embodiments, the main body is provided with an installation ring groove, which is connected to the side of the second channel that is away from each other. An installation ring block is fixedly provided on the side of the connecting ring close to the main body. The installation ring block is provided with a snap-fit ​​groove, and a snap-fit ​​block is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the installation ring groove. The snap-fit ​​block and the snap-fit ​​groove snap-fit ​​each other.

[0014] In some possible embodiments, two snap-fit ​​grooves are formed on each mounting ring block, and the two snap-fit ​​grooves are symmetrically arranged along the axial direction of the mounting ring block. Two snap-fit ​​blocks are fixedly arranged in the mounting ring grooves, and the two snap-fit ​​blocks are symmetrically arranged along the axial direction of the mounting ring grooves.

[0015] In some possible embodiments, a ball bearing is embedded at the end of the second sealing ring away from the third sealing ring, the ball bearing being used for rolling contact with the sidewall of the first sealing ring.

[0016] In summary, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. Through a symmetrically arranged sealing gate and elastic sealing element structure, when the pressure inside the well reverses abnormally, the sealing element is automatically expanded outward by the elastic element. Combined with the interlocking design of the sealing block and sealing groove, the sealing element is forced to fit tightly against the center of the wellhead. When the fluid pressure acts from top to bottom, the reverse pressure pushes the sealing element to further tighten the gate gap, forming a self-reinforcing sealing effect. This design breaks through the limitation of the traditional blowout preventer's unidirectional sealing, significantly reducing the probability of seal failure caused by pressure reversal, and providing dual safety protection for deepwater high-pressure environments.

[0018] 2. The through-hole area of ​​the drive assembly is equipped with a combination of multiple sealing rings. The first to third sealing rings form a gradient seal through the difference in outer diameter of the conical surface and the raised structure. The fourth and fifth sealing rings adopt an end face contact design, supplemented by the ball structure at the end of the second sealing ring to reduce friction loss. When the connecting parts reciprocate, the multi-stage sealing assembly can not only dynamically compensate for the wear of the sealing surface, but also adaptively adjust the contact tightness through the pressure difference, ensuring that the drive mechanism maintains zero leakage for a long time in high pressure and corrosive fluid environments. It is especially suitable for deep-sea low temperature and high pressure scenarios, which greatly reduces the frequency of equipment maintenance and the risk of accidents.

[0019] 3. The main body and drive unit achieve axial symmetrical locking through mounting ring blocks and snap-fit ​​components. The symmetrical layout of the double snap-fit ​​grooves and double snap-fit ​​components allows the connecting ring to withstand bidirectional torque, preventing underwater installation misalignment. Meanwhile, core components such as the sealing gate and connecting blocks adopt detachable sliding fits. Combined with the grouped layout of the through-hole sealing components, it allows for quick replacement when local components are damaged, which can significantly shorten emergency maintenance time. Furthermore, the symmetrical redundancy configuration improves the overall fault tolerance of the system, which is of outstanding value for the high timeliness and safety requirements of offshore operations.

[0020] 4. Through the sliding fit structure between the connecting block and the sealing gate groove, and with the circumferential limiting function of the limiting component, a non-rigid force transmission path is formed. When the drive unit outputs thrust, the slight floating of the connecting block in the connecting groove can absorb the vibration energy caused by hydraulic shock or ocean current, preventing stress from being directly transmitted to the sealing gate. At the same time, while sealing the gap, the multi-layer ring structure of the sealing component in the through hole forms radial constraint on the connecting component, suppressing lateral sway. This can significantly reduce the risk of movement displacement of the sealing gate under deep-sea turbulence or emergency start-stop conditions, ensuring that the two gates are always precisely aligned and closed along the horizontal channel, fundamentally avoiding sealing surface misalignment failure caused by vibration. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the driving component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing gate of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connector structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the sealing assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting ring groove and mounting ring block according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Icons: 1. Main body; 11. First channel; 12. Second channel; 2. Sealing gate; 21. Sealing element; 22. Sealing block; 23. Sealing groove; 24. Mounting hole; 25. Elastic element; 26. Sealing hole; 27. Sealing block; 3. Drive assembly; 31. Drive unit; 32. Connector; 33. Connecting block; 34. Connecting groove; 4. Connecting ring; 41. Through hole; 5. Sealing assembly; 51. First sealing ring; 52. Second sealing ring; 53. Third sealing ring; 54. Ball bearing; 61. Fourth sealing ring; 62. Fifth sealing ring; 7. Mounting ring groove; 71. Mounting ring block; 72. Snap-fit ​​groove; 73. Snap-fit ​​block. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0029] The following is for reference Figures 1 to 6 The present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 A marine emergency well sealing blowout preventer includes a main body 1. A first through-channel 11 is vertically oriented on the main body 1. Two second channels 12 are symmetrically arranged and communicate with the first channel 11. A sealing gate 2 is slidably disposed within each second channel 12 along its length. (See schematic diagram for the invention.) Figure 1 Only one side of the sealing gate 2 is shown; the other side of the sealing gate 2 has the same structure. Figure 1 This information is not shown in the accompanying diagrams.

[0031] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 A sealing element 21 is provided on the side wall of the two sealing gates 2 that are close to each other. A driving assembly 3 is provided on the main body 1. The driving assembly 3 is used to drive the sealing gates 2 to move within the second channel 12.

[0032] Among them, reference Figure 3 A sealing block 22 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the sealing gate 2 that are close to each other, and a sealing groove 23 is opened on the sealing gate 2 for the sealing block 22 to be inserted.

[0033] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sealing gates 2 on both sides have the same structure, but the opening positions of the sealing block 22 and the sealing groove 23 are symmetrically arranged. Through the above symmetrical arrangement, the sealing block 22 can be inserted into the sealing groove 23 during the docking process of the sealing gates 2 on both sides, thereby effectively increasing the length of the sealing line and thus improving the sealing effect.

[0034] Reference Figure 3 The sealing gate 2 has mounting holes 24 on its side walls that are close to each other. The sealing element 21 is slidably disposed in the mounting hole 24. An elastic element 25 is disposed in the mounting hole 24. The elastic element 25 acts on the sealing element 21 to drive the sealing element 21 to move away from the mounting hole 24. The sealing gate 2 has sealing holes 26 on its side walls. A sealing block 27 is fixedly disposed in the sealing hole 26.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present invention, the elastic element 25 is provided as elastic rubber, such as... Figure 3 As shown, the end of the elastic element 25 away from the seal 21 abuts against the inner wall of the mounting hole 24, and a gap is provided between the peripheral wall of the elastic element 25 and the inner peripheral wall of the mounting hole 24. By providing a gap, the elastic element 25 can undergo a certain deformation during the compression process, thus preventing the elastic element 25 from cracking.

[0036] Reference Figure 2 In one embodiment of the present invention, the drive assembly 3 includes a drive part 31 and a connector 32. The drive part 31 is disposed on one side of the main body 1, the connector 32 is disposed at the output end of the drive part 31, and a connecting block 33 is disposed at the other end of the connector 32. A connecting groove 34 is provided on the side wall of the sealing gate 2 that is far apart from each other. The connecting block 33 is disposed in the connecting groove 34. A limiting member is provided on the connecting block 33. The limiting member is used to limit the position of the connecting block 33 in the connecting groove 34. In one possible embodiment of the present application, the limiting member is a limiting bolt.

[0037] As one embodiment of the present invention, the drive unit 31 is configured as a hydraulic device, as shown in the reference. Figure 2 and Figure 4 A connecting ring 4 is fixedly installed on one side of the main body 1. The side of the connecting ring 4 away from the main body 1 is fixedly connected to the driving part 31. A through hole 41 is opened in the connecting ring 4, and the connecting member 32 slides through the through hole 41. Figure 5 As shown, a sealing component 5 is provided on the connector 32, which is used to seal the gap between the through hole 41 and the connector 32.

[0038] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 In one embodiment of the present invention, two sets of sealing components 5 are provided, and the two sets of sealing components 5 are respectively disposed at both ends of the through hole 41 along the length direction. The sealing component 5 includes a first sealing ring 51, a second sealing ring 52 and a third sealing ring 53. The first sealing ring 51, the second sealing ring 52 and the third sealing ring 53 are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the connector 32. The first sealing ring 51 is located at both ends of the through hole 41 along the length direction. The outer diameter of the side of the two first sealing rings 51 that is close to each other is smaller than the outer diameter of the side of the two first sealing rings 51 that is far away from each other. The side of the second sealing ring 52 that is close to the first sealing ring 51 is provided with a protrusion.

[0039] Among them, reference Figure 4 and Figure 5A fourth sealing ring 61 and a fifth sealing ring 62 are provided in the through hole 41. The fourth sealing ring 61 is located in the middle section of the through hole 41 and is sleeved on the connector 32. The fifth sealing ring 62 is sleeved on the connector 32 and is located on the side of the fourth sealing ring 61 near the connector 33. The side wall of the fifth sealing ring 62 away from the connector 33 is used to abut against the side wall of the fourth sealing ring 61 near the connector 33.

[0040] Reference Figure 5 The end of the second sealing ring 52 away from the third sealing ring 53 is provided with a ball 54, which is used to make rolling contact with the side wall of the first sealing ring 51.

[0041] The first to third sealing rings 53 form a gradient seal through the difference in outer diameter of the conical surface and the raised structure. The fourth and fifth sealing rings adopt an end-face contact design, supplemented by the ball 54 structure at the end of the second sealing ring 52 to reduce friction loss. When the connecting part 32 reciprocates, the multi-stage sealing assembly 5 can not only dynamically compensate for the wear of the sealing surface, but also adaptively adjust the contact tightness through the pressure difference, ensuring that the drive mechanism maintains zero leakage for a long time in high-pressure and corrosive fluid environments. It is especially suitable for deep-sea low-temperature and high-pressure scenarios, which greatly reduces the frequency of equipment maintenance and the risk of accidents.

[0042] Among them, reference Figure 6 The main body 1 has an installation ring groove 7, which is connected to the side of the second channel 12 that is away from each other. The connecting ring 4 is fixedly provided with an installation ring block 71 on the side close to the main body 1. The installation ring block 71 has a snap-fit ​​groove 72, and a snap-fit ​​block 73 is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the installation ring groove 7. The snap-fit ​​block 73 and the snap-fit ​​groove 72 snap-fit ​​each other.

[0043] Reference Figure 6 Two snap-fit ​​grooves 72 are provided on each mounting ring block 71. The two snap-fit ​​grooves 72 are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the mounting ring block 71. Two snap-fit ​​blocks 73 are fixedly arranged in the mounting ring groove 7. The two snap-fit ​​blocks 73 are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the mounting ring groove 7.

[0044] The symmetrical layout of the dual-card slot 72 and the dual-card connector allows the connecting ring 4 to withstand bidirectional torque, preventing underwater installation misalignment. Meanwhile, core components such as the sealing gate 2 and the connecting block 33 adopt a detachable sliding fit. Combined with the grouped layout of the sealing assembly 5 of the through hole 41, it allows for quick replacement when local components are damaged, which can significantly shorten emergency maintenance time. Furthermore, the symmetrical redundancy configuration improves the overall fault tolerance of the system, which is of outstanding value for the high timeliness and safety requirements of offshore operations.

[0045] The implementation principle of the offshore emergency well sealing blowout preventer proposed in this embodiment of the invention is as follows:

[0046] Through the symmetrically arranged sealing gate 2 and elastic sealing element 21 structure, when the pressure inside the well reverses abnormally, the sealing element 21 is driven by the elastic element 25 to automatically expand outward. Combined with the interlocking design of the sealing block 22 and the sealing groove 23, the sealing element 21 is forced to fit tightly against the center of the wellhead. When the fluid pressure acts from top to bottom, the reverse pressure pushes the sealing element 21 to further tighten the gate gap, forming a self-reinforcing sealing effect. This design breaks through the limitation of the traditional blowout preventer's unidirectional sealing, significantly reducing the probability of seal failure caused by pressure reversal, and providing dual safety protection for deepwater high-pressure environments.

[0047] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A marine emergency well sealing blowout preventer, characterized in that: The system includes a main body (1), on which a first channel (11) is opened vertically, and a second channel (12) is opened horizontally inside the main body (1). There are two second channels (12), which are symmetrically arranged. The second channels (12) are connected to the first channel (11). A sealing gate (2) is slidably arranged in each second channel (12) along the length of the second channel (12). A sealing element (21) is provided on the side wall of the two sealing gates (2) that are close to each other. A driving assembly (3) is provided on the main body (1). The driving assembly (3) is used to drive the sealing gate (2) to move in the second channel (12). One of the sealing gates (2) has a sealing block (22) fixedly installed on the side wall of the sealing gate (2) that is close to each other. The other sealing gate (2) has a sealing groove (23) for the sealing block (22) to be inserted into. The sealing gates (2) have a mounting hole (24) on the side wall of the sealing gate (2) that is close to each other. The sealing element (21) is slidably installed in the mounting hole (24). An elastic element (25) is installed in the mounting hole (24). The elastic element (25) acts on the sealing element (21) to drive the sealing element (21) to move away from the mounting hole (24). The sealing gate (2) has a sealing hole (26) on the side wall of the sealing gate (2). A sealing block (27) is fixedly installed in the sealing hole (26). The drive assembly (3) includes a drive unit (31) and a connector (32). The drive unit (31) is located on one side of the main body (1). The connector (32) is located at the output end of the drive unit (31). A connecting block (33) is provided at the other end of the connector (32). A connecting groove (34) is provided on the sidewalls of the sealing gate (2) that are far apart from each other. The connecting block (33) is located in the connecting groove (34). A limiting member is provided on the connecting block (33). The limiting member is used to limit the position of the connecting block (33) in the connecting groove (34). A connecting ring (4) is fixedly provided on one side of the main body (1). The side of the connecting ring (4) away from the main body (1) is fixedly connected to the driving part (31). A through hole (41) is provided in the connecting ring (4). The connecting member (32) slides through the through hole (41). A sealing component (5) is provided on the connecting member (32). The sealing component (5) is used to seal the gap between the through hole (41) and the connecting member (32).

2. The offshore emergency well sealing blowout preventer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic element (25) is made of elastic rubber. The end of the elastic element (25) away from the seal (21) abuts against the inner wall of the mounting hole (24). A gap is provided between the peripheral wall of the elastic element (25) and the inner peripheral wall of the mounting hole (24).

3. The offshore emergency well sealing blowout preventer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing assembly (5) is provided in two sets, and the two sets of sealing assemblies (5) are respectively located at both ends of the length direction of the through hole (41). The sealing assembly (5) includes a first sealing ring (51), a second sealing ring (52) and a third sealing ring (53). The first sealing ring (51), the second sealing ring (52) and the third sealing ring (53) are arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the connector (32). The first sealing ring (51) is located at both ends of the length direction of the through hole (41). The outer diameter of the side of the two first sealing rings (51) that are close to each other is smaller than the outer diameter of the side of the first sealing rings (51) that are far apart from each other. The second sealing ring (52) has a protrusion on the side of the second sealing ring (51) that is close to the first sealing ring (51).

4. The offshore emergency well blowout preventer according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fourth sealing ring (61) and a fifth sealing ring (62) are provided in the through hole (41). The fourth sealing ring (61) is located in the middle section of the through hole (41) and is sleeved on the connector (32). The fifth sealing ring (62) is sleeved on the connector (32) and is located on the side of the fourth sealing ring (61) near the connecting block (33). The side wall of the fifth sealing ring (62) away from the connecting block (33) is used to abut against the side wall of the fourth sealing ring (61) near the connecting block (33).

5. The offshore emergency well sealing blowout preventer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body (1) is provided with an installation ring groove (7), which is connected to the side of the second channel (12) that is away from each other. The connecting ring (4) is fixedly provided with an installation ring block (71) on the side close to the main body (1). The installation ring block (71) is provided with a snap-fit ​​groove (72), and a snap-fit ​​block (73) is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the installation ring groove (7). The snap-fit ​​block (73) and the snap-fit ​​groove (72) snap-fit ​​each other.

6. The offshore emergency well sealing blowout preventer according to claim 5, characterized in that: Two snap-fit ​​grooves (72) are provided on each mounting ring block (71). The two snap-fit ​​grooves (72) are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the mounting ring block (71). Two snap-fit ​​blocks (73) are fixedly arranged in the mounting ring groove (7). The two snap-fit ​​blocks (73) are symmetrically arranged along the axis of the mounting ring groove (7).

7. A marine emergency well sealing blowout preventer according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second sealing ring (52) has a ball (54) embedded at one end away from the third sealing ring (53), the ball (54) being used to roll into contact with the side wall of the first sealing ring (51).

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