Atmosphere-monitoring-based elastic air bag sealing nitrogen-charging anti-corrosion system for chimney of waste heat boiler

Abstract

The invention discloses a waste heat boiler chimney elastic air bag sealing nitrogen charging corrosion prevention system based on atmosphere monitoring. The system comprises a chimney elastic air bag sealing module, a chimney internal atmosphere monitoring module and a waste heat boiler chimney nitrogen charging module. The chimney elastic air bag sealing module comprises an elastic air bag device and a hydraulic lifting platform, the elastic air bag device is lifted to a designated position through the hydraulic lifting platform, and sealing of the waste heat boiler chimney is achieved after air bags on the periphery of the elastic air bag device are inflated. The chimney internal atmosphere monitoring module is used for monitoring temperature, humidity and oxygen content data in the chimney; the waste heat boiler chimney nitrogen charging module comprises a nitrogen making machine and a nitrogen charging opening, and whether nitrogen is supplemented into the waste heat boiler chimney or not is determined based on data monitored by the chimney internal atmosphere monitoring module in real time. Sealing, automatic nitrogen charging and nitrogen supplementing of the upper portion of the chimney can be achieved, the humidity and the oxygen content of the internal atmosphere of the waste heat boiler and the chimney are reduced, and the corrosion rate of perishable equipment of the waste heat boiler is relieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of waste heat boiler technology, and in particular relates to a nitrogen-filled sealing and corrosion-preventing system for the elastic airbag of a waste heat boiler chimney based on atmosphere monitoring. Background Technology

[0002] Gas-fired combined cycle (COC) generator units, due to their high overall efficiency, rapid start-up, low emissions, and flexible operation, are suitable for grid peak shaving and therefore often operate on a two-shift system (daytime operation, nighttime shutdown). In recent years, with the increasing proportion of new energy power generation in the total installed capacity of the grid, the annual utilization hours of COC generator units have further decreased, and some units have even experienced prolonged periods of continuous shutdown and standby. In areas with abundant rainfall and high humidity, such as the southeastern coastal regions, the metal components of the units are highly susceptible to severe corrosion during long-term shutdowns, especially the low-pressure economizer finned tubes at the tail end of the waste heat boiler. Corrosion of these components can lead to thinning of the tube walls, bulging rust flakes, and even detachment. This severely affects the normal heat exchange efficiency of the equipment and increases flue gas resistance, directly weakening the unit's load-carrying capacity. In extreme cases, it can even threaten the safe operation of the unit and shorten its service life.

[0003] Currently, there are generally four methods for shutting down and maintaining domestic gas-fired steam combined cycle units: desiccant method, wet alkaline solution method, inert gas charging protection method, and hot dry air method.

[0004] Most domestic units primarily employ inertia protection methods, with nitrogen purging and hot dry air protection being common preventative corrosion control options. While these methods offer advantages such as cost-effectiveness and ease of operation, their effectiveness is significantly reduced on the flue gas side of waste heat boilers, where corrosion is a prominent issue, due to the large space and lack of a sealed structure. Especially when the waste heat boiler is directly connected to the chimney, the protective atmosphere on the boiler side easily diffuses into the atmosphere through the chimney's own chimney effect, severely diminishing the effectiveness of gas protection. Even with pre-installed dampers at the chimney in some gas turbine units, effective isolation is difficult to achieve due to their simple structure and poor sealing performance. Furthermore, there are issues such as high installation costs and difficult equipment maintenance. Currently, the industry lacks a reliable and well-sealed technical means to isolate the chimney from the waste heat boiler, thus failing to provide a stable sealing environment for methods like nitrogen purging.

[0005] Meanwhile, existing nitrogen purging protection methods mostly rely on manual control, which suffers from insufficient precision in nitrogen concentration control and an inability to respond to environmental changes in real time. Manual operation not only increases the workload of maintenance personnel but also makes it difficult to adjust the nitrogen purging strategy in a timely manner according to the dynamic changes in the internal atmosphere of the waste heat boiler, resulting in nitrogen waste or poor corrosion prevention. Automatic nitrogen purging control technology, on the other hand, can automatically trigger nitrogen purging, replenishment, or shutdown operations by monitoring internal atmosphere parameters in real time. It offers the convenience and advancement of rapid response, precise control, and no need for manual intervention, significantly improving corrosion prevention efficiency and reducing operating costs.

[0006] Therefore, developing a structurally sound, stable, and convenient waste heat boiler chimney sealing device, combined with automated atmosphere monitoring and intelligent nitrogen purging control technology, to construct an integrated anti-corrosion system, is crucial for solving the current corrosion prevention challenges during waste heat boiler shutdowns. Based on this, there is an urgent need to develop a waste heat boiler chimney elastic airbag sealing nitrogen purging anti-corrosion system and method based on atmosphere monitoring. This system will solve the problem of flue gas leakage through a reliable sealing structure, and achieve precise corrosion prevention with automated nitrogen purging control, thereby effectively addressing corrosion risks during unit shutdowns and ensuring equipment safety and service life. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the problems in the background technology, this invention provides a waste heat boiler chimney elastic airbag sealing nitrogen-filling anti-corrosion system based on atmosphere monitoring. It can achieve remote automatic control of the upper part of the chimney, automatic nitrogen filling and nitrogen replenishment, reduce the humidity and oxygen content of the atmosphere inside the waste heat boiler and chimney, and alleviate the corrosion rate of easily corroded equipment in the waste heat boiler.

[0008] A waste heat boiler chimney elastic airbag sealing and nitrogen-filling corrosion protection system based on atmosphere monitoring includes a chimney elastic airbag sealing module, a chimney internal atmosphere monitoring module, and a waste heat boiler chimney nitrogen-filling module. The chimney elastic airbag sealing module includes an elastic airbag device and a hydraulic lifting platform set at the lower end of the elastic airbag device. The elastic airbag device is lifted to a designated position by the hydraulic lifting platform, and the airbags around the elastic airbag device are inflated to achieve the sealing of the waste heat boiler chimney. The chimney internal atmosphere monitoring module includes sensors installed at two measuring points inside the waste heat boiler chimney to monitor temperature, humidity and oxygen levels inside the chimney. The waste heat boiler chimney nitrogen filling module includes a nitrogen generator and two nitrogen filling ports installed inside the waste heat boiler chimney. The system determines whether to add nitrogen to the waste heat boiler chimney based on data monitored in real time by the chimney internal atmosphere monitoring module.

[0009] Furthermore, the elastic airbag device includes a disc-shaped structure that is high around the edges and low in the center; a water collection tray is provided at the center of the disc-shaped structure and is connected to the outside of the waste heat boiler chimney through a drainage pipe; an airbag groove assembly for installing the airbag is fixed on the radial periphery of the disc-shaped structure; the airbag is connected to the inflation unit through an inflation pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, the disc-shaped structure is composed of multiple fan-shaped assemblies, and multiple adjusting structural assemblies for adjusting the gap of the inner wall of the waste heat boiler are fixed on the radial periphery of the multiple fan-shaped assemblies; the air bladder groove assembly is fixed on the adjusting structural assembly.

[0011] Furthermore, the lower part of the adjustment structure assembly is provided with a limiting spring wheel that abuts against the inner wall of the waste heat boiler chimney. The extension range of the limiting spring wheel is ±30mm, which is used to prevent friction between the airbag and the inner wall of the waste heat boiler chimney during the lifting and lowering of the elastic airbag device.

[0012] Furthermore, the outer side of the airbag is provided with serrated protrusions facing the inner wall of the waste heat boiler chimney. These serrated protrusions are lower than the radial thickness of the airbag when it is contracted, and expand outwards along with the airbag after it expands. Compared to airbags without serrated protrusions, this effectively increases the amount of expansion and contraction, ensuring that the airbag can fully contact the chimney wall after inflation.

[0013] Furthermore, the locations of the two nitrogen inlets inside the waste heat boiler chimney are selected based on numerical simulation results. Several different nitrogen inlet locations are pre-selected, and the time and effect of filling the chimney under different nitrogen flow rates are simulated. Finally, the nitrogen inlet location with better effect and convenient opening position is selected.

[0014] Furthermore, the waste heat boiler chimney nitrogen filling module determines whether to add nitrogen to the waste heat boiler chimney based on the real-time monitoring data from the chimney internal atmosphere monitoring module, and controls the nitrogen filling rate inside the chimney to replace the gas inside the chimney, thereby reducing the oxygen content and humidity of the gas inside the chimney and slowing down the corrosion rate of the equipment.

[0015] Furthermore, based on the real-time monitoring data from the chimney internal atmosphere monitoring module, it is determined whether to add nitrogen to the waste heat boiler chimney. The specific process is as follows: The upper and lower limits of temperature are set to -20℃ to 60℃, the upper and lower limits of humidity are set to 45% to 100%, and the upper and lower limits of oxygen content are set to 10% to 21%. The lower limit value represents weak corrosion, and the upper limit value represents strong corrosion. The corrosion weights for temperature, humidity, and oxygen content were set to 0.25, 0.4, and 0.35, respectively. Temperature, humidity, and oxygen levels are acquired by sensors and normalized according to pre-set upper and lower limit ranges to obtain their respective corrosion contribution values. The corrosion contribution values ​​of temperature, humidity, and oxygen are multiplied by their respective corrosion weights, and then summed to obtain the corrosion influence factor; the closer the corrosion influence factor is to 1, the easier it is to corrode. Based on the magnitude of the corrosion factor, determine whether to add nitrogen to the waste heat boiler chimney, and control the nitrogen filling rate inside the chimney through a nitrogen generator.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention achieves sealing of the top of the chimney through a chimney elastic airbag sealing module. The waste heat boiler chimney nitrogen filling module controls the nitrogen filling rate inside the chimney based on real-time monitoring data from the chimney internal atmosphere monitoring module, replacing the gas inside the chimney to reduce the oxygen and humidity of the gas inside the chimney and slow down the corrosion rate of the equipment. Thus, it achieves sealing of the top of the chimney, automatically fills and replenishes nitrogen, reduces the humidity and oxygen content of the atmosphere inside the waste heat boiler and chimney, and alleviates the corrosion rate of easily corroded equipment in the waste heat boiler. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a nitrogen-filled sealing and corrosion-preventing system for an elastic airbag in a waste heat boiler chimney based on atmosphere monitoring, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic airbag device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a 45° bottom view of the elastic airbag device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the airbag in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the features in the following embodiments and implementation methods can be combined with each other.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, a nitrogen-filled and atmosphere-monitoring-based waste heat boiler chimney elastic airbag sealing and anti-corrosion system is applicable to waste heat boiler unit 1 and corresponding waste heat boiler chimney 2. It mainly includes a chimney elastic airbag sealing module, a chimney internal atmosphere monitoring module, and a waste heat boiler chimney nitrogen filling module.

[0025] The chimney elastic airbag sealing module includes an elastic airbag device 3 and a hydraulic lifting platform 4 located at the lower end of the elastic airbag device 3. The hydraulic lifting platform 4 is driven by an external oil tank 8 to lift the elastic airbag device 3 to a designated position, and the airbags around the elastic airbag device 3 are inflated to achieve the sealing of the waste heat boiler chimney 2.

[0026] The elastic airbag device 3 includes a disc-shaped structure that is high around the edges and low in the center; the center of the disc-shaped structure is connected to the outside of the waste heat boiler chimney 2 through a drainage pipe 19; the airbag is connected to the inflation unit through an inflation pipe 9.

[0027] The chimney internal atmosphere monitoring module includes sensors 5 installed at two measuring points inside the waste heat boiler chimney 2, which are used to monitor the temperature, humidity and oxygen levels inside the chimney.

[0028] The nitrogen filling module for the waste heat boiler chimney includes a nitrogen generator 6 and two nitrogen filling ports 7 set inside the waste heat boiler chimney 1. It determines whether to add nitrogen to the waste heat boiler chimney based on the data monitored in real time by the chimney internal atmosphere monitoring module.

[0029] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the elastic airbag device includes a disc-shaped structure that is high around the edges and low in the center; a water collection plate 10 is provided in the center of the disc-shaped structure, and a drain outlet 11 connected to a drain pipe 19 is provided in the water collection plate 10.

[0030] The disc structure consists of 18 fan-shaped assemblies 12. Multiple adjustment structure assemblies 13 for adjusting the gap between the inner walls of the waste heat boiler are fixed on the radial periphery of the fan-shaped assemblies 12. Airbag groove assemblies 14 are provided on the radial periphery of the adjustment structure assemblies 13. Airbag groove assemblies 14 are reserved with airbag mounting positions 15 for installing airbags and airbag inflation tube perforations 16 for installing inflation pipes 9.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, a limiting spring wheel 17 that abuts against the inner wall of the waste heat boiler chimney can be provided at the lower part of the adjusting structure assembly. The extension range of the limiting spring wheel 17 is ±30mm, which is used to prevent friction between the airbag and the inner wall of the waste heat boiler chimney 2 during the lifting and lowering of the elastic airbag device 3.

[0032] like Figure 4 As shown, the outer side of the airbag is provided with a serrated protrusion 18 facing the inner wall of the waste heat boiler chimney. When the airbag is contracted, the serrated protrusion 18 is lower than the radial thickness of the airbag. When the airbag is inflated, the serrated protrusion 18 expands outward. Compared with an airbag without a serrated protrusion, this can effectively increase the expansion and contraction, ensuring that the airbag can fully contact the chimney wall after inflation.

[0033] The locations of the two nitrogen inlets inside the waste heat boiler chimney 2 were selected based on numerical simulation results. Several different nitrogen inlet locations were pre-selected, and the time and effect of filling the chimney under different nitrogen flow rates were simulated. Finally, the nitrogen inlet location with better effect and convenient opening position was selected.

[0034] The nitrogen filling module for the waste heat boiler chimney determines whether to add nitrogen to the waste heat boiler chimney based on real-time monitoring data from the chimney internal atmosphere monitoring module. The specific process is as follows: The upper and lower limits of temperature are set to -20℃ to 60℃, the upper and lower limits of humidity are set to 45% to 100%, and the upper and lower limits of oxygen content are set to 10% to 21%. The lower limit value represents weak corrosion, and the upper limit value represents strong corrosion. The corrosion weights for temperature, humidity, and oxygen content were set to 0.25, 0.4, and 0.35, respectively. Temperature, humidity, and oxygen levels are acquired by sensors and normalized according to pre-set upper and lower limit ranges to obtain their respective corrosion contribution values. The corrosion contribution values ​​of temperature, humidity, and oxygen are multiplied by their respective corrosion weights, and then summed to obtain the corrosion influence factor; the closer the corrosion influence factor is to 1, the easier it is to corrode. Based on the magnitude of the corrosion factor, determine whether to add nitrogen to the waste heat boiler chimney, and control the nitrogen filling rate inside the chimney through a nitrogen generator.

[0035] In this embodiment of the invention, the hydraulic lifting platform 4 is used to lift the elastic airbag device 3 to a designated position. It is equipped with a PLC control system and supports remote DCS communication. It can realize basic lifting, lowering, and stopping functions, as well as limit feedback signals with upper and lower limits.

[0036] The inflation unit is mainly used to inflate and deflate the airbag. It has functions such as controlling the inflation and deflation switches, monitoring and controlling the airbag inflation pressure, and includes equipment such as EPDM rubber hoses, pneumatic valves and pressure transmitters.

[0037] The water collection tray 10 is used to collect rainwater above the device, and the drain hole 11 is located at the upper height of the side wall, which can effectively deposit debris such as iron filings and rust.

[0038] The drain pipe 19 is used to drain the water from the collection tray 10, mainly relying on gravitational potential energy.

[0039] The limit spring caster 17 ensures that the elastic airbag device 3 can be raised and lowered smoothly inside the chimney. At the same time, if the chimney ellipticity changes during the raising and lowering process, it can adjust the position of the device to prevent it from contacting and rubbing against the chimney wall.

[0040] The fan-shaped assembly 12 is the central part of the elastic airbag device 3 and also the part with the largest area. It mainly plays the role of supporting the device, supporting the water collection tray 10 on the inner side and connecting the adjustment structure assembly 13 on the outer side. At the same time, the upper surface is set as a "disc-shaped plate" structure with high sides and low center, which facilitates the collection of rainwater into the water collection tray 10.

[0041] The adjusting structure assembly 13 is mainly used to adjust the diameter and ellipticity of the elastic airbag device 3. It is installed on the outside of the fan-shaped assembly 12. During installation, it can be adjusted according to the actual chimney diameter and ellipticity to ensure that the entire device can rise and fall smoothly inside the chimney. The principle is that during installation, shims of different numbers and thicknesses can be placed inside and outside the adjusting structure assembly 13 to adjust the overall diameter of the device.

[0042] The airbag groove assembly 14 is a component used to install airbags. It has a double-layer structure and can install two airbags at the same time. The airbags are installed in the middle of the airbag groove and restrict the inflation of the airbags from the top, inside and bottom sides.

[0043] The airbag is made of silicone inflatable sealing ring, which is 19mm wide in its natural state and can expand to about 68mm after inflation. It is installed in the airbag groove assembly 14 and expands outward after inflation to fully contact the chimney wall and achieve a seal.

[0044] The chimney's internal atmosphere monitoring module mainly consists of a resistance temperature detector (RTD), an integrated oxygen and humidity sensor, and a corresponding communication cable. The RTD measures temperature, while the integrated oxygen and humidity sensor measures oxygen and humidity levels. The data measured by the sensors is transmitted to the DCS (Distributed Control System) via the communication cable, and this data serves as the primary basis for the system to determine whether nitrogen supplementation is needed.

[0045] The nitrogen filling module for the waste heat boiler chimney is used to deliver nitrogen into the waste heat boiler chimney 2. A pneumatic valve is installed on the nitrogen pipeline for remote start / stop of the nitrogen supply. The nitrogen filling port 7 on the chimney is determined based on numerical simulation calculations to ensure effective nitrogen filling.

[0046] In this invention, all equipment components are tightly fitted and spliced ​​together, and high-temperature resistant sealing adhesive is applied to the joints for sealing, achieving overall sealing of the system. Finally, the gap between the device and the chimney wall is filled and sealed by the inflation of an airbag. The size of the splicing structure of each equipment component can be designed according to the size of the openings on the chimney, ensuring smooth transportation into the chimney for assembly. Furthermore, all components are designed for bolted connections, avoiding hot work and facilitating installation and assembly inside the chimney.

[0047] The control logic of the system of this invention is as follows: S1, remotely issue start command; S2, determine whether the temperature of the atmosphere inside the chimney meets the start-up conditions; S3, check the status of the pneumatic valve of the inflation unit to determine if the airbag pressure is 0; S4, activate the hydraulic lifting platform to rise; S5, upon receiving the feedback signal that the hydraulic lifting platform has reached its upper limit, the hydraulic lifting platform stops operating; S6, open the air intake pneumatic valve of the inflation unit and close the exhaust pneumatic valve; S7: Once the airbag pressure reaches the set value, open the pneumatic valve switch of the nitrogen generator and nitrogen pipeline to start nitrogen filling; S8 monitors the temperature, oxygen content, and humidity data inside the waste heat boiler chimney, calculates the corrosion impact factor, and closes the pneumatic valves of the nitrogen generator and nitrogen pipeline when the corrosion impact factor is lower than the set value; and opens the pneumatic valves of the nitrogen generator and nitrogen pipeline when the corrosion impact factor is higher than the set value.

[0048] The implementation process of this invention involves the construction of waste heat boiler chimneys, equipment installation, pipeline laying, and automatic control configuration setup, etc., and the specific implementation method is as follows: (1) A hole is made in the waste heat boiler chimney. The size of the hole is determined by the original design unit of the chimney. The size of all devices and equipment in this invention is determined according to the size of the chimney hole to ensure safe transportation into the chimney.

[0049] (2) The hydraulic lifting platform 4 and the elastic airbag device 3 in the chimney elastic airbag sealing module are disassembled into small parts and transported into the chimney. The hydraulic lifting platform 4, the fan-shaped assembly 12, the water collection tray 10 and the limit spring caster 17 are installed step by step.

[0050] (3) Install the oil pump and local control cabinet of the hydraulic lifting platform 4, and debug the local control function of the hydraulic lifting platform 4.

[0051] (4) Install eight laser displacement sensors at equal angles on the outer edge of the fan-shaped assembly 12, with a 45° interval between each pair of laser displacement sensors, and measure and record the changes in chimney diameter and ellipticity during the lifting and lowering process.

[0052] (5) Select appropriate adjustment shims based on the measured data of chimney diameter and ellipticity changes, install the adjustment structure assembly 13 of the elastic airbag device 3, as well as the airbag groove assembly 14, airbag, inflation pipeline and drainage pipeline, etc.

[0053] (6) Further, after the elastic airbag device 3 is installed, the frame and fan-shaped assembly 12 of the hydraulic lifting platform 4 are fixed.

[0054] (7) Further, apply high-temperature resistant sealing structural adhesive and nano-insulating coating to the gaps on the upper surface of the elastic airbag device 3; (8) Install internal and external devices and equipment for the chimney, including the internal atmosphere monitoring module of the chimney.

[0055] (9) On-site commissioning of the chimney elastic airbag sealing module, the chimney internal atmosphere monitoring module and the waste heat boiler chimney nitrogen filling module.

[0056] (10) Lay communication cables from the DCS electronics room to all devices in the system, establish DCS communication, and build the DCS screen.

[0057] (11) Write the control configuration for the nitrogen-filled anti-corrosion system for the waste heat boiler chimney sealing based on atmosphere monitoring in the DCS system, and perform remote debugging; (12) After the remote debugging is completed, all subsystems are tested. If there are no problems, the system implementation is completed.

[0058] The embodiments described above provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, additions, and equivalent substitutions made within the scope of the principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nitrogen-filled, atmosphere-monitored sealing system for a waste heat boiler chimney with elastic gasbags for corrosion protection, characterized in that, This includes a chimney elastic airbag sealing module, a chimney internal atmosphere monitoring module, and a waste heat boiler chimney nitrogen filling module; The chimney elastic airbag sealing module includes an elastic airbag device and a hydraulic lifting platform set at the lower end of the elastic airbag device. The elastic airbag device is lifted to a designated position by the hydraulic lifting platform, and the airbags around the elastic airbag device are inflated to achieve the sealing of the waste heat boiler chimney. The chimney internal atmosphere monitoring module includes sensors installed at two measuring points inside the waste heat boiler chimney to monitor temperature, humidity and oxygen levels inside the chimney. The waste heat boiler chimney nitrogen filling module includes a nitrogen generator and two nitrogen filling ports installed inside the waste heat boiler chimney. The system determines whether to add nitrogen to the waste heat boiler chimney based on data monitored in real time by the chimney internal atmosphere monitoring module.

2. The nitrogen-filled sealing and corrosion protection system for the elastic airbag of a waste heat boiler chimney based on atmosphere monitoring as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic airbag device includes a disc-shaped structure that is high around the edges and low in the center; a water collection tray is provided at the center of the disc-shaped structure and is connected to the outside of the waste heat boiler chimney through a drainage pipe; an airbag groove assembly for installing the airbag is fixed on the radial periphery of the disc-shaped structure; the airbag is connected to the inflation unit through an inflation pipe.

3. The nitrogen-filled sealing and corrosion protection system for the elastic airbag of a waste heat boiler chimney based on atmosphere monitoring according to claim 2, characterized in that, The disc-shaped structure is composed of multiple fan-shaped assemblies, and multiple adjusting structural assemblies for adjusting the gap of the inner wall of the waste heat boiler are fixed on the radial periphery of the multiple fan-shaped assemblies; the air bladder groove assembly is fixed on the adjusting structural assembly.

4. The nitrogen-filled sealing and corrosion protection system for the elastic airbag of a waste heat boiler chimney based on atmosphere monitoring according to claim 3, characterized in that, The lower part of the adjustment structure assembly is provided with a limiting spring wheel that abuts against the inner wall of the waste heat boiler chimney. The extension range of the limiting spring wheel is ±30mm, which is used to prevent friction between the airbag and the inner wall of the waste heat boiler chimney during the lifting and lowering of the elastic airbag device.

5. The nitrogen-filled sealing and corrosion protection system for the elastic airbag of a waste heat boiler chimney based on atmosphere monitoring according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer side of the airbag is provided with a serrated protrusion facing the inner wall of the waste heat boiler chimney. The serrated protrusion is lower than the radial thickness of the airbag when the airbag is contracted, and expands outward along with the airbag after the airbag expands.

6. The nitrogen-filled sealing and corrosion protection system for the elastic airbag of a waste heat boiler chimney based on atmosphere monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locations of the two nitrogen inlets inside the waste heat boiler chimney were selected based on numerical simulation results. Several different nitrogen inlet locations were pre-selected, and the time and effect of filling the chimney under different nitrogen flow rates were simulated. Finally, the nitrogen inlet location with better effect and convenient opening position was selected.

7. The nitrogen-filled sealing and corrosion protection system for the elastic airbag of a waste heat boiler chimney based on atmosphere monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nitrogen filling module for the waste heat boiler chimney is based on real-time monitoring data from the chimney internal atmosphere monitoring module to determine whether to add nitrogen to the waste heat boiler chimney and control the nitrogen filling rate inside the chimney to replace the gas inside the chimney, thereby reducing the oxygen content and humidity of the gas inside the chimney and slowing down the corrosion rate of the equipment.

8. The nitrogen-filled sealing and corrosion protection system for the elastic airbag of a waste heat boiler chimney based on atmosphere monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on real-time monitoring data from the chimney internal atmosphere monitoring module, the process for determining whether to add nitrogen to the waste heat boiler chimney is as follows: The upper and lower limits of temperature are set to -20℃ to 60℃, the upper and lower limits of humidity are set to 45% to 100%, and the upper and lower limits of oxygen content are set to 10% to 21%. The lower limit value represents weak corrosion, and the upper limit value represents strong corrosion. The corrosion weights for temperature, humidity, and oxygen content were set to 0.25, 0.4, and 0.35, respectively. Temperature, humidity, and oxygen levels are acquired by sensors and normalized according to pre-set upper and lower limit ranges to obtain their respective corrosion contribution values. The corrosion contribution values ​​of temperature, humidity, and oxygen are multiplied by their respective corrosion weights, and then summed to obtain the corrosion influence factor; the closer the corrosion influence factor is to 1, the easier it is to corrode. Based on the magnitude of the corrosion factor, determine whether to add nitrogen to the waste heat boiler chimney, and control the nitrogen filling rate inside the chimney through a nitrogen generator.

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