Unpowered public place air directional flow purification structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of air purification equipment, in particular to an unpowered public place air directional flow purification structure. The problems that in the prior art, the natural ventilation principle and the multi-stage purification function cannot be fused on the structural design level, and consequently inherent defects exist in the aspects of energy consumption, noise, maintenance cost, airflow organization stability and the like are solved. The unpowered public place air directional flow purification structure is arranged on a wall unit and comprises a micropore physical pre-filtering structure, a multi-layer labyrinth type physical filtering structure and an adsorption / deposition structure which are integrally arranged in a closed mounting cavity in the wall unit. In the operation process of the structure, no fan or motor or external power supply is needed in the whole process, air circulation is driven by completely depending on the thermal characteristics of the wall and weak thermal buoyancy formed by an indoor environment heat source, no mechanical moving part exists in the operation process, the noise level is low, and the noiseless requirement of a hospital ward area at night is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of air purification equipment technology, and more specifically, relates to a non-powered air directional flow purification structure for public places. Background Technology

[0002] In modern medical and public building environments, densely populated public areas such as hospital waiting areas and ward corridors place extremely high demands on air quality. Traditional air purification solutions mostly rely on fan-driven mechanical systems, which, while possessing high purification efficiency, suffer from high energy consumption, high noise levels, frequent maintenance, and susceptibility to airflow disturbance. Especially in the context of pursuing "dual-carbon" goals and therapeutic environments, developing a structure that requires no external power, enables directional airflow, and possesses highly efficient purification capabilities has become an urgent technological breakthrough. However, current technologies lack truly powerless, integrated air purification structures that can guide airflow paths, particularly at the wall or building interface scale, where achieving low resistance, multi-stage purification, and stable airflow organization in a coordinated manner remains a gap.

[0003] A search revealed an invention patent with authorization announcement number CN115930349B disclosing an air purification and sterilization device for hospitals. This device employs a circumferential air intake and exhaust structure, connecting the intake and exhaust devices via air supply pipes to ensure full contact between the gas and the sterilizing liquid for efficient sterilization. Its compact structure makes it suitable for confined spaces such as wards. However, the device's operation relies on the active opening and closing control of the intake and exhaust devices, essentially requiring external power. Furthermore, it does not utilize natural pressure differences (such as thermal pressure or wind pressure) to achieve directional airflow, nor does it address the issue of maintaining a continuous and stable airflow without external energy input. Therefore, it cannot achieve true passive, powerless purification, failing to meet the demands for low-energy consumption, quiet operation, and long-term maintenance-free public space applications.

[0004] An invention patent with authorization announcement number CN118009451B discloses an air purification and disinfection device for public wards in hospitals. This device achieves quick replacement of the filter plate by setting a mounting base and a clamping component, improving maintenance convenience. However, its core purification function still relies on the built-in "air disinfection and purification unit" as a power source, and the overall system still belongs to the active mechanical ventilation mode. This solution does not involve using natural driving forces such as temperature difference and wind pressure difference between the inside and outside of the building to guide airflow, nor does it design a non-powered air guiding mechanism at the structural level to prolong the residence time of pollutants or optimize the flow path. Therefore, it cannot maintain effective air exchange and purification in the absence of electricity, and cannot meet the core objective of this invention: "non-powered directional airflow purification in public places".

[0005] The above problems indicate that existing technologies generally rely on active power devices such as fans to achieve air purification functions, and fail to integrate natural ventilation principles and multi-stage purification functions at the structural design level, resulting in inherent defects in energy consumption, noise, maintenance costs, and airflow organization stability.

[0006] Therefore, this invention proposes a non-powered airflow purification structure for public places to solve the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the problem that existing technologies fail to integrate natural ventilation principles and multi-stage purification functions at the structural design level, resulting in inherent defects in energy consumption, noise, maintenance costs, and airflow organization stability, this invention proposes a non-powered public place air directional flow purification structure.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0009] A non-powered public place air directional flow purification structure is installed on a wall unit, including a microporous physical pre-filtration structure, a multi-layer labyrinth physical filtration structure and an adsorption / deposition structure integrated in a closed installation cavity within the wall unit;

[0010] The microporous physical pre-filtration structure is located at the lower end of the wall unit and is connected to the bottom low-position air intake slit / grid located at the bottom of the outer wall panel of the wall unit.

[0011] The multi-layer labyrinthine physical filtration structure is located at the upper exhaust end of the microporous physical pre-filtration structure.

[0012] The adsorption / deposition structure is located at the upper exhaust end of the multi-layer labyrinth physical filter structure, and the exhaust end of the adsorption / deposition structure is connected to the top high-level clean air diffuser provided on the upper part of the outer wall panel, forming a continuous airflow channel from bottom to top.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a phase change energy storage plate is further provided at the bottom of the enclosed installation cavity. The phase change energy storage plate includes an aluminum foil composite bag and octadecyl alcohol encapsulated in the aluminum foil composite bag. The surface of the outer wall panel facing the interior is coated with an aqueous acrylic coating containing 5% carbon black nanoparticles, which matches the phase change energy storage plate to generate a vertical temperature gradient.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom low-position air intake slit / grid is continuously opened at the bottom of the outer wall panel along the entire length of the wall unit, and the lower edge of the bottom air intake of the bottom low-position air intake slit / grid is flush with the ground, and the opening groove is an inclined grid structure with the outer side lower and the inner side higher; the top high-position clean air diffuser is an expansion type diffuser.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the microporous physical pre-filter structure is movably embedded in the groove at the lower end of the inner side of the wall core and is used in conjunction with the bottom low-position air intake slit / grid. It includes a pre-filter and silicone sealing strips disposed at both ends of the outer side of the pre-filter. The upper side of the pre-filter matches the flow guide plate disposed on the inner side of the wall core, and a plurality of air holes are provided on the flow guide plate.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the multi-layer labyrinthine physical filtration structure includes several integrally formed tortuous flow channel blocks. The tortuous flow channel blocks are fixedly installed on the upper side of the guide plate. The curved surface structure of the multiple tortuous flow channel blocks forms a continuous S-shaped tortuous flow channel. The lower air inlet of the tortuous flow channel is located on the upper side of the guide plate and is connected to the guide plate. The upper air outlet of the tortuous flow channel is connected to the porous adsorption / charge deposition cavity at the upper end of the wall core, forming a continuous tortuous air supply channel.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each inner wall of the flow channel bend and the interlayer transition area of ​​the multi-layer labyrinth physical filtration structure is embedded with a micron-level mesh structure. The micron-level mesh structure is rigidly fixed to the inner wall of the tortuous flow channel and includes several inclined guide plates. The guide plates are continuous rectangular thin plates, and each guide plate is arranged in an array at a fixed interval along the height direction of the flow channel. Adjacent guide plates are staggered on the horizontal plane, and a micro-groove array is provided on the windward side of the guide plates. The groove direction is parallel to the mainstream airflow direction.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a humidity buffer layer is further provided at the bottom air inlet of the multi-layer labyrinth physical filter structure. The humidity buffer layer is connected to the flow guide plate and is made of moisture-absorbing polyester non-woven fabric. Furthermore, a titanium dioxide photocatalytic coating is coated on the surface of both the pre-filter and the micron-level mesh structure.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lower end of the porous adsorption / charge deposition cavity is connected to the exhaust port of the tortuous flow channel through a flow guide port provided on the flow guide plate, and the upper end is connected to the top high-level clean air diffuser through a flow guide groove. Furthermore, the four walls of the porous adsorption / charge deposition cavity are integrally molded from a triboelectric composite material.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adsorption / deposition structure is disposed within the porous adsorption / charge deposition cavity, including a plurality of pleated porous adsorption plates fixedly disposed within the porous adsorption / charge deposition cavity, wherein the porous adsorption plates are sinusoidal pleated phenolic activated carbon fiber felt boards.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the air purification process of the air-directional flow purification structure includes:

[0022] When in use, the indoor near-ground polluted air is heated by the outer wall panel of the wall unit and forms a temperature difference with the indoor air, generating an upward thermal buoyancy that drives the airflow to enter the interior of the wall from the bottom low-level air intake slit / grid.

[0023] The airflow first passes through a microporous physical pre-filtration structure to intercept large particulate pollutants;

[0024] It then enters a multi-layered labyrinthine physical filtration structure. In the S-shaped tortuous flow channel, the sudden change in flow direction causes inertial collisions and separation from the boundary layer. Micron-sized particles are trapped by the micron-sized grid structure, while the humidity buffer layer regulates the airflow humidity to prevent channel blockage.

[0025] The airflow continues to rise and enters the porous adsorption / charge deposition chamber. Gaseous pollutants are adsorbed by the porous adsorption plate, while the negative charge generated by the friction of the chamber wall electrostatically captures the residual particulate matter.

[0026] Finally, the clean air is discharged through the top high-level clean air diffuser, completing the non-powered purification cycle.

[0027] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. During operation, the structure described in this invention requires no fans, motors or external power sources. It relies entirely on the thermal properties of the wall itself and the weak thermal buoyancy formed by the indoor heat source to drive air circulation. There are no moving mechanical parts during operation, and the noise level is low, which meets the quiet requirements of hospital wards at night.

[0029] 2. All filtration and adsorption components of this invention adopt a modular design, which can be partially replaced or cleaned without damaging the integrity of the wall. The maintenance cycle is long and the clean air output is large, with an infinite energy efficiency ratio. The carbon emissions throughout the entire life cycle are effectively reduced compared with mechanical equipment with the same purification efficiency.

[0030] 3. This invention integrates a thermal convection driving mechanism, a multi-level physical interception structure, an electrostatic assisted capture effect, and highly efficient adsorption materials at the wall scale, successfully constructing a novel air purification structure that is zero-energy, operates silently, requires no maintenance, and has the ability to synergistically remove complex pollutants. It fundamentally solves the technical contradiction of the difficulty in balancing the three performance aspects of "driving-purification-silence" in air purification in public places such as hospitals, and provides an innovative solution that can be applied on a large scale for green medical buildings. Attached Figure Description

[0031] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:

[0032] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the wall unit of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the wall unit of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a front view of the wall core of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom low-position air intake slit / grid of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle;

[0037] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 4 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the microporous physical pre-filtration structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall multi-layered labyrinthine physical filtration structure of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the tortuous flow channel block of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the micrometer-level mesh structure of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 A magnified view of a section at point C;

[0043] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the adsorption / deposition structure of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the porous adsorption plate of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the phase change energy storage plate of the present invention.

[0046] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Wall unit; 11. Outer wall panel; 12. Inner wall panel; 13. Wall core; 131. Groove; 14. Guide plate; 141. Air hole; 15. Guide support plate; 16. Porous adsorption / charge deposition chamber; 17. Guide channel; 18. Bottom low-level air inlet slit / grid; 19. Top high-level clean air diffuser; 10. Air inlet; 2. Connecting steel plate; 3. Microporous physical pre-filtration structure; 31. Pre-filter; 32. Sealing strip; 4. Multi-layer labyrinth physical filtration structure; 41. Tortuous flow channel block; 42. Tortuous flow channel; 43. Micron-level grid structure; 44. Humidity buffer layer; 45. Guide plate; 5. Adsorption / deposition structure; 51. Porous adsorption plate; 6. Phase change energy storage plate. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The non-powered public space air-directed flow purification structure of this invention has a core structure based on wall unit 1. This structure integrates four functional modules on wall unit 1: air introduction, multi-stage physical interception, electrostatic assisted capture, and adsorption of gaseous pollutants, forming a closed-loop air purification system that relies entirely on natural thermal buoyancy and requires no external energy input. The specific implementation details of this invention will be described in detail below, including engineering implementation details, material parameters, geometric configuration, and operating conditions.

[0048] Example 1:

[0049] As per the instruction manual Figures 1-14 As shown, a non-powered public space air directional flow purification structure includes a wall unit 1, and a microporous physical pre-filtration structure 3, a multi-layer labyrinthine physical filtration structure 4, and an adsorption / deposition structure 5 integrated within the wall unit 1. The microporous physical pre-filtration structure 3 is located at the lower end of the wall unit 1 and communicates with a bottom low-level air intake slit / grid 18 on the wall unit 1, for preliminary filtration of high-concentration pollutants captured by the bottom low-level air intake slit / grid 18 and settling near the ground. The multi-layer labyrinthine physical filtration structure 4 is located at the upper exhaust end of the microporous physical pre-filtration structure 3, for intercepting particulate matter in the air. The adsorption / deposition structure 5 is located at the upper exhaust end of the multi-layer labyrinthine physical filtration structure 4, for adsorbing and depositing harmful substances in the air, and the exhaust end of the adsorption / deposition structure 5 communicates with a top high-level clean air diffuser 19 located at the upper end of the wall unit 1, for discharging the air after adsorption and deposition of harmful substances through the top high-level clean air diffuser 19.

[0050] During use, the near-ground polluted air in the room is heated by the outer wall panel 11 of the wall unit, creating a temperature difference with the indoor air. This generates an upward thermal buoyancy that drives the airflow to enter the interior of the wall from the bottom low-level air intake slit / grid 18. The airflow first passes through the microporous physical pre-filtration structure 3, which intercepts large particulate pollutants. Then, it enters the multi-layer labyrinthine physical filtration structure 4. In the S-shaped tortuous flow channel 42, the sudden change in flow direction causes inertial collisions and separation from the boundary layer. Micron-sized particles are trapped by the micron-sized grid structure 43, while the humidity buffer layer 44 regulates the airflow humidity to prevent channel blockage. The airflow continues to rise and enters the porous adsorption / charge deposition chamber 16, where gaseous pollutants are adsorbed by the porous adsorption plate 51. At the same time, the negative charge generated by the friction of the chamber wall electrostatically captures the residual particles. Finally, the clean air is discharged through the top high-level clean air diffuser 19, completing the entire non-powered purification cycle.

[0051] Example 2:

[0052] As per the instruction manual Figures 1-14 As shown, unlike Embodiment 1 above, the wall unit 1 serves as the main load-bearing frame of the entire ventilation structure. Its main structure is a vertically arranged box-shaped cavity unit, and adjacent wall units 1 are connected by connecting steel plates 2 to form an air-directional flow purification structure capable of active air exchange, filtering air in hospital rooms or corridors. Its specific structure includes an outer wall panel 11, an inner wall panel 12, and a wall core 13. The outer wall panel 11 and inner wall panel 12 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the wall core 13, jointly enclosing a closed installation cavity. Within the installation cavity, from bottom to top, a microporous physical pre-filtration structure 3, a multi-layer labyrinthine physical filtration structure 4, and an adsorption / deposition structure 5 are sequentially arranged. A phase change energy storage plate 6 is installed on the side wall of the installation cavity, used to drive the microporous physical pre-filtration structure 3, the multi-layer labyrinthine physical filtration structure 4, and the adsorption / deposition structure 5 within the wall for unpowered gas filtration through the temperature difference generated by the phase change energy storage plate 6.

[0053] It should be noted that the aforementioned wall unit 1 can be assembled as a prefabricated wall panel with all functional components integrated in the factory, or it can be assembled on-site using a light steel keel frame and internal filling material to form a closed cavity structure. The outer surface of the wall is smooth and flat, meeting the stringent requirements for cleanliness and ease of cleaning in hospital interior decoration.

[0054] In one specific implementation, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the surface of the outer wall panel 11 facing the interior is coated with a water-based acrylic paint containing 5% carbon black nanoparticles, with a solar absorptivity α of 0.93 and an infrared emissivity ε of 0.89. When used in conjunction with the phase change energy storage panel 6, it forms a composite wall panel with "inner absorption - outer reflection," promoting rapid heat release during the solidification and exothermic phase of the phase change material, improving thermal response speed, and simultaneously enhancing the efficiency of non-powered airflow.

[0055] In one specific implementation, such as Figure 3 As shown, the phase change energy storage plate 6 is a 10mm thick phase change energy storage layer embedded in the wall core 13. The phase change energy storage plate is composed of octadecanol encapsulated in an aluminum foil composite bag, with a phase change temperature of 28.2℃ and a latent heat value of 242kJ / kg.

[0056] It should be noted that in a typical hospital waiting area environment (room temperature 24℃, illuminance 300 lux, personnel density 4 people / 10m²), the wall surface temperature is stably maintained at 26.0℃ to 26.5℃, which is 2.0℃ to 2.5℃ higher than the indoor air temperature 1m away, forming a stable vertical temperature gradient. Based on the Boussinesq approximation, this temperature difference can drive an average flow velocity of 0.10m / s inside the wall, corresponding to a natural ventilation volume of 42m³ / h for a single wall section (900mm×3000mm).

[0057] In one specific implementation, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the bottom low-position air intake slit / grid 18 and the top high-position clean air diffuser 19 are both provided on the outer wall panel 11, and relief grooves are also provided on both sides of the outer wall panel 11 to cooperate with the connecting steel plate 2, so that the connecting steel plate 2 can be snapped into the relief groove during installation and connected by connecting bolts to form a wall structure that can achieve gas filtration without power.

[0058] Specifically, the bottom low-position air intake slit / grid 18 is continuously opened along the entire length of the wall unit 1 at the bottom of the outer wall panel 11, and the lower edge of the bottom air intake 10 of the bottom low-position air intake slit / grid 18 is flush with the ground. The opening slot 10 has a mesh structure and is inclined with the outside lower and the inside higher, so that all air entering the interior of the wall is drawn in through this opening slot 10, ensuring that the airflow inlet is located below the personnel activity area to effectively capture high-concentration pollutants that settle near the ground. At the same time, it can also play a role in depositing and guiding moisture in the air, preventing excessive moisture from clogging the internal backflow channels.

[0059] Specifically, the top high-level clean air diffuser 19 is an expansion type diffuser, which is used to reduce the outlet flow rate, reduce turbulence disturbance, and promote the uniform diffusion of clean air in the upper indoor space.

[0060] Example 3:

[0061] As per the instruction manual Figures 1-14 As shown, unlike the above embodiment, the microporous physical pre-filter structure 3 is movably embedded in the groove 131 at the lower end of the inner side of the wall core 13, and is used in conjunction with the bottom low-position air intake slit / grid 18. It includes a pre-filter 31, which is woven from polypropylene monofilaments with square mesh openings. Its mounting plane is perpendicular to the airflow direction, and it can be vertically pulled out along the groove 131. This facilitates quarterly washing and regeneration to ensure efficient interception of coarse particles larger than 1mm, such as hair, paper scraps, and insect remains.

[0062] In one specific implementation, such as Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown, silicone sealing strips 32 are also provided at both ends of the pre-filter 31 to ensure that the airflow passes through the filter holes of the pre-filter 31 without any bypass, thereby ensuring the filtering effect of the pre-filter 31 on coarse particles with a diameter greater than 1 mm, such as hair, paper scraps, and insect remains.

[0063] Specifically, the filter pores have a pore size of 1.2 mm, an open porosity of 65%, an areal density of 180 g / m², and a thickness of 2.0 mm.

[0064] In one specific implementation, such as Figure 2 , Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the upper side of the pre-filter 31 is positioned by a flow guide plate 14 set inside the wall core 13, and the flow guide plate 14 is provided with a number of air holes 141 that communicate with the upper multi-layer labyrinth physical filter structure 4, so as to guide the gas after pre-filtering by the pre-filter 31.

[0065] Example 4:

[0066] As per the instruction manual Figures 1-14As shown, unlike the above embodiments, the multi-layer labyrinth physical filter structure 4 includes several integrally formed tortuous flow channel blocks 41. The tortuous flow channel blocks 41 are fixedly installed on the upper side of the guide plate 14. The curved surface structure of the multiple tortuous flow channel blocks 41 forms a continuous S-shaped tortuous flow channel 42. The lower air inlet of the tortuous flow channel 42 is located on the upper side of the guide plate 14 and is connected to the guide plate 14. The upper air outlet of the tortuous flow channel 42 is connected to the porous adsorption / charge deposition cavity 16 at the upper end of the wall core 13, forming a continuous tortuous air supply channel. This extends the contact time between particulate matter and the filter structure under extremely low resistance conditions, laying a fluid dynamic foundation for subsequent efficient interception.

[0067] In one specific implementation, such as Figure 2 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, a micron-sized mesh structure 43 is embedded in the inner wall of each flow channel bend and in the interlayer transition area of ​​the multi-layer labyrinthine physical filter structure 4. The micron-sized mesh structure 43 has a mesh aperture of 5 μm, a wire diameter of 20 μm, an opening ratio of 42%, and a thickness of 0.5 mm. It is rigidly fixed to the inner wall of the flow channel by spot welding. When the airflow passes through the bend, the sudden change in flow direction causes local acceleration and separation from the boundary layer. Micron-sized particles deviate from the streamline under inertia, collide with the mesh surface, and are trapped.

[0068] Specifically, the micron-scale mesh structure 43 includes several inclined guide plates 45. Each guide plate 45 is a continuous rectangular thin plate made of anodized aluminum with a surface roughness Ra ≤ 0.8 μm. The guide plates 45 are arranged in an array with a fixed spacing along the height of the flow channel. Adjacent guide plates 45 are staggered on the horizontal plane, with an offset distance equal to 1 / 3 of the width of the tortuous flow channel 42. Furthermore, an array of microgrooves is machined on the windward side of each guide plate 45, with the groove direction parallel to the mainstream airflow direction. This structure effectively guides the boundary layer airflow to slide along the groove direction, suppresses the generation of secondary vortices, and promotes the migration of submicron particles towards the wall through wall shear force, enhancing the gravitational settling effect.

[0069] In one specific implementation, such as Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, a humidity buffer layer 44 is also provided at the bottom air inlet of the multi-layer labyrinth-type physical filter structure 4, which is connected to the flow guide plate 14. The humidity buffer layer 44 is made of moisture-absorbing polyester non-woven fabric. In high humidity environments, the humidity buffer layer 44 absorbs excess moisture, reduces the relative humidity entering the upper flow channel, and prevents the micron-level mesh structure 43 from becoming clogged or experiencing performance degradation due to condensation. In low humidity environments, it slowly releases moisture to maintain moderate humidity in the flow channel and avoids excessive static electricity accumulation that could affect the subsequent charge deposition effect.

[0070] It should be noted that both the pre-filter 31 and the micron-scale mesh structure 43 are coated with a titanium dioxide (TiO2) photocatalytic coating. This coating is applied via a sol-gel method, using tetrabutyl titanate as the precursor. After calcination at 450°C for 2 hours, anatase phase crystals are formed with a grain size of 15 nm and a loading of 2.5 g / m². Under indoor visible light irradiation (illuminance ≥200 lux), the coating generates active oxygen species (·OH, O2⁻), which can decompose trapped organic pollutants and microbial films in situ.

[0071] Example 5:

[0072] As per the instruction manual Figures 1-14 As shown, unlike the above embodiment, the lower end of the porous adsorption / charge deposition cavity 16 is connected to the exhaust port of the tortuous flow channel 42 through a flow guide port provided on the flow guide plate 15, and the upper end is connected to the top high-level clean air diffuser 19 through a flow guide groove 17. The adsorption / deposition structure 5 is disposed in the porous adsorption / charge deposition cavity 16, including a plurality of pleated porous adsorption plates 51 fixedly disposed in the porous adsorption / charge deposition cavity 16. The porous adsorption plates 51 are sinusoidal waveform pleated structure plates, which can increase the air flow path and statically adsorb substances such as formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, ammonia, chloroform and dichloromethane in the air through their high specific surface area and microporous structure.

[0073] In one specific embodiment, the porous adsorption plate 5 is a phenolic-based activated carbon fiber felt with a specific surface area of ​​1200 m² / g, a micropore volume of 0.55 cm³ / g, and a bulk density of 0.18 g / cm³. In use, airflow passes between adjacent porous adsorption plates 5, utilizing the porous adsorption plates 5 to statically adsorb substances such as formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, ammonia, chloroform, and dichloromethane in the air.

[0074] Specifically, when the porous adsorption plate 5 of the above material is processed into a sinusoidal waveform pleated structure with a wave height of 20 mm and a wave pitch of 40 mm, under standard test conditions (25℃, 50%RH), the static adsorption capacities of the material for formaldehyde, benzene, toluene, ammonia, chloroform and dichloromethane are 280 mg / g, 320 mg / g, 310 mg / g, 190 mg / g, 150 mg / g and 145 mg / g, respectively.

[0075] In one specific embodiment, the porous adsorption / charge deposition cavity 16 is a rectangular cavity, and all four walls of the porous adsorption / charge deposition cavity 16 are integrally molded from a triboelectric composite material. This composite material is formed by injection molding after melt blending of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) micropowder and polypropylene (PP) matrix in a mass ratio of 7:3 using a twin-screw extruder. The measured volume resistivity is 1.2 × 10¹⁸.4 The surface potential decay time constant is 135 seconds (Ω·cm). When air flows through the inner wall of the cavity at a speed of 0.1 m / s, a stable negative charge accumulates on the cavity wall surface due to gas-solid friction, with a measured surface potential range of -950V to -1100V. In use, the negative charge on the cavity wall of the porous adsorption / charge deposition chamber 16 can electrostatically adsorb positively charged or polarizable particles in the airflow, achieving synergistic removal of particulate matter and gaseous pollutants.

[0076] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A non-powered air-directed airflow purification structure for public places, installed on a wall unit (1), characterized in that: It includes a microporous physical pre-filtration structure (3), a multi-layer labyrinth physical filtration structure (4), and an adsorption / deposition structure (5) integrated into the enclosed installation cavity within the wall unit (1). The microporous physical pre-filtration structure (3) is located at the lower end of the wall unit (1) and is connected to the bottom low-position air intake slit / grid (18) at the bottom of the outer wall panel (11) of the wall unit (1). The multi-layer labyrinth physical filtration structure (4) is located at the upper exhaust end of the microporous physical pre-filtration structure (3). The adsorption / deposition structure (5) is located at the upper exhaust end of the multi-layer labyrinth physical filter structure (4), and the exhaust end of the adsorption / deposition structure (5) is connected to the top high-level clean air diffuser (19) set at the upper end of the outer wall panel (11), forming a continuous airflow channel from bottom to top.

2. The non-powered public place air directional flow purification structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the enclosed installation cavity is also provided with a phase change energy storage plate (6), which includes an aluminum foil composite bag and octadecyl alcohol encapsulated in the aluminum foil composite bag; the surface of the outer wall panel (11) facing the interior is coated with a water-based acrylic coating containing 5% carbon black nanoparticles, and matches the phase change energy storage plate (6) to generate a vertical temperature gradient.

3. The non-powered public place air directional flow purification structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom low-position air intake slit / grid (18) is continuously opened at the bottom of the outer wall panel (11) along the entire length of the wall unit (1), and the lower edge of the bottom air intake (10) of the bottom low-position air intake slit / grid (18) is flush with the ground, and the opening groove (10) is an inclined grid structure with the outside low and the inside high; the top high-position clean air diffuser (19) is an expansion type diffuser.

4. The non-powered public place air directional flow purification structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The microporous physical pre-filter structure (3) is movably embedded in the groove (131) at the lower end of the inner side of the wall core (13) and is used in conjunction with the bottom low-position air intake slit / grid (18). It includes a pre-filter (31) and silicone sealing strips (32) set at both ends of the outer side of the pre-filter (31). The upper side of the pre-filter (31) matches the flow guide plate (14) set inside the wall core (13), and a number of air holes (141) are provided on the flow guide plate (14).

5. The non-powered public place air directional flow purification structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-layer labyrinth-style physical filtration structure (4) includes several integrally formed tortuous flow channel blocks (41). The tortuous flow channel blocks (41) are fixedly installed on the upper side of the guide plate (14). A continuous S-shaped tortuous flow channel (42) is formed by the curved surface structure of multiple tortuous flow channel blocks (41). The lower air inlet of the tortuous flow channel (42) is located on the upper side of the guide plate (14) and is connected to the guide plate (14). The upper air outlet of the tortuous flow channel (42) is connected to the porous adsorption / charge deposition cavity (16) at the upper end of the wall core (13) to form a continuous tortuous air supply channel.

6. The non-powered public place air directional flow purification structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that: Each flow channel bend and interlayer transition area of ​​the multi-layer labyrinth physical filter structure (4) is embedded with a micron-level grid structure (43). The micron-level grid structure (43) is rigidly fixed to the inner wall of the flow channel (42) and includes several inclined guide plates (45). The guide plates (45) are continuous rectangular thin plates. Each guide plate (45) is arranged in an array with a fixed spacing along the flow channel height direction. Adjacent guide plates (45) are staggered on the horizontal plane. A micro-groove array is provided on the windward side of the guide plate (45). The groove direction is parallel to the mainstream airflow direction.

7. A non-powered public place air directional flow purification structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that: A humidity buffer layer (44) is also provided at the bottom air inlet of the multi-layer labyrinth physical filter structure (4). The humidity buffer layer (44) is connected to the flow guide plate (14) and is made of moisture-absorbing polyester non-woven fabric. A titanium dioxide photocatalytic coating is also coated on the surface of the pre-filter (31) and the micron-level mesh structure (43).

8. A non-powered public place air directional flow purification structure as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The lower end of the porous adsorption / charge deposition cavity (16) is connected to the exhaust port of the tortuous flow channel (42) through the flow port provided on the flow guide plate (15), and the upper end is connected to the top high-level clean air diffuser (19) through the flow guide groove (17). The four walls of the porous adsorption / charge deposition cavity (16) are all integrally molded from triboelectric composite material.

9. A non-powered public place air directional flow purification structure as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The adsorption / deposition structure (5) is disposed in the porous adsorption / charge deposition cavity (16), including a number of pleated porous adsorption plates (51) fixedly disposed in the porous adsorption / charge deposition cavity (16), wherein the porous adsorption plate (51) is a sinusoidal pleated phenolic activated carbon fiber felt.

10. A non-powered public place air directional flow purification structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The air purification process of the air-directed flow purification structure includes: When in use, the indoor near-ground polluted air is heated by the outer wall panel of the wall unit and forms a temperature difference with the indoor air, generating an upward thermal buoyancy that drives the airflow to enter the interior of the wall from the bottom low-level air intake slit / grid. The airflow first passes through a microporous physical pre-filtration structure to intercept large particulate pollutants; It then enters a multi-layered labyrinthine physical filtration structure. In the S-shaped tortuous flow channel, the sudden change in flow direction causes inertial collisions and separation from the boundary layer. Micron-sized particles are trapped by the micron-sized grid structure, while the humidity buffer layer regulates the airflow humidity to prevent channel blockage. The airflow continues to rise and enters the porous adsorption / charge deposition chamber. Gaseous pollutants are adsorbed by the porous adsorption plate, while the negative charge generated by the friction of the chamber wall electrostatically captures the residual particulate matter. Finally, the clean air is discharged through the top high-level clean air diffuser, completing the non-powered purification cycle.

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