A system for functional localization of connections of the medial thalamus to the occipital and emotional cortex

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of biomedical engineering, and discloses a function positioning system of medial thalamus pulvinar and emotional cortex connection, which comprises: near-infrared nerve stimulation to the medial thalamus pulvinar, collection of MRI structure image and MRI function image during stimulation; projection of cingulate gyrus, insula and amygdala and subarea thereof adjacent to the cingulate gyrus according to the MRI structure image and segmentation respectively; positioning of different body emotional expression function partitions in the cingulate gyrus; positioning of interoceptive function partitions according to the subarea partition of the insula; positioning of emotional function partitions in the amygdala according to different subareas of the amygdala; evaluation of activated voxels according to the MRI function image, and realization of function positioning of the medial thalamus pulvinar and emotional cortex connection according to the position of the activated voxels in different emotional loop brain areas. The system realizes specific topological connectivity of the medial thalamus pulvinar and the emotional cortex of the brain.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of biomedical engineering, and particularly relates to a function positioning system for the connection between the medial thalamus and the occipital cortex and emotional cortex. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of neuroscience, the thalamus is located in the deep part of the brain and is a relay for communication between the cortex. It is connected to multiple cortices to transmit information, and thus participates in and regulates the brain. Therefore, the thalamus is also called a relay for communication between the cortex. Exploring the connectivity between the thalamus and the cerebral cortex can help us understand the function of the thalamus, and exploring the topological organization of various subnuclei in the thalamus, various thalamic stimulation methods have been developed to explore the function of the thalamus, for example:

[0003] A method for stimulating the anterior nucleus of the thalamus by blue light is disclosed in Chinese Patent No. CN104721964A, which comprises: irradiating the surface of the human body with red light and infrared light alternately to obtain the reflected light signals of the red light and the reflected light signals of the infrared light absorbed by the human body tissue; calculating the blood oxygen saturation according to the obtained reflected light signals of the red light and the reflected light signals of the infrared light, and calculating the oxygen partial pressure according to the calculated blood oxygen saturation; and emitting blue light of a corresponding frequency to stimulate the GABAergic nerve fibers of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus according to the calculated oxygen partial pressure.

[0004] A method and system for selecting an electrode start-up contact for deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus are disclosed in Chinese Patent No. CN116943027A. The method comprises the following steps: first, collecting MERs signals of different brain regions of a patient to be tested; extracting time sequence features and amplitude sequence features from the MERs signals; fusing the time sequence features and the amplitude sequence features to obtain an amplitude-frequency perception fusion feature map of the MERs signals; inputting the amplitude-frequency perception fusion feature map into an amplitude-frequency perception fusion network to identify the boundary of the STN and the best position for implanting the microelectrode, determine the boundary of the STN and the implantation position of the permanent treatment electrode; analyzing the boundary of the STN and the implantation position of the permanent treatment electrode to determine the optimal stimulation contact.

[0005] A method for detecting the connectivity between the thalamus and the cortex and related devices are disclosed in Chinese Patent No. CN118948226A. The method comprises the following steps: applying transcranial direct current stimulation to a target detection object and driving the target detection object to perform a preset passive movement, and then collecting electroencephalogram signals of the thalamus and the cortex corresponding to the stimulation electrode position; performing coherence analysis on the collected electroencephalogram signals to obtain a target coherence degree; and determining the connectivity degree between the thalamus and the cortex according to the target coherence degree.

[0006] The existing research and literature mainly focus on stimulating central thalamus, anterior thalamic nucleus and other regions, and lack specific research on the stimulation method of medial pulvinar. In addition, the medial pulvinar has been anatomically proved to have structural connections with the main emotional cortex of the brain (cingulate gyrus, insula, amygdala), but the fine functional localization of these structural connections is lacking. SUMMARY

[0007] The purpose of the present application is to provide a functional localization system of medial pulvinar and emotional cortex connection, which realizes the specific topological connectivity of medial pulvinar and the emotional cortex of the brain.

[0008] A functional localization system of medial pulvinar and emotional cortex connection, comprising:

[0009] (1) Multi-point near-infrared nerve stimulation of the medial pulvinar (Medial Pulvinar, PM) of the subject from the dorsal to the ventral side is performed, and MRI magnetic resonance structure images and MRI magnetic resonance functional images during stimulation are synchronously collected;

[0010] (2) The MRI magnetic resonance structure images are registered and reconstructed, and the emotional loop brain regions including the cingulate gyrus, the insula, the amygdala and the adjacent brain regions of the cingulate gyrus are projected according to the brain atlas, and the sub-regions of the cingulate gyrus, the sub-regions of the insula, the sub-regions of the amygdala and the adjacent brain regions of the cingulate gyrus are segmented respectively;

[0011] (3) The sub-regions of the cingulate gyrus are located according to the sub-regions of the cingulate gyrus and the boundaries of the adjacent brain regions of the cingulate gyrus, and the function sub-regions of the cingulate gyrus are located according to the different body emotional expression functions;

[0012] (4) The function sub-regions of the insula are located according to the sub-regions of the insula and the morphological characteristics;

[0013] (5) The emotional function sub-regions of the amygdala are located according to the different sub-regions of the amygdala;

[0014] (6) The activated voxels of the emotional loop brain regions significantly related to the stimulation paradigm under the action of each stimulation point are evaluated according to the MRI magnetic resonance functional images, and the function localization of the mesoscale functional topological connection of the medial pulvinar and the emotional cortex is realized according to the positions of the activated voxels in the different body emotional expression function sub-regions of the cingulate gyrus, in the interoceptive function sub-regions of the insula and in the emotional function sub-regions of the amygdala.

[0015] In step (1), the high signal-to-noise ratio MRI structure image of the subject is nonlinearly registered with the standard brain atlas, and the location of the medial thalamic pillow and the locations of the rest of the brain regions of interest are located according to the registration results; at the same time, the medial thalamic pillow is located according to the anatomical staining results, and a deep brain region located in the posterior medial thalamus is located; after positioning, the medial thalamic pillow is continuously stimulated by single optical fiber from the dorsal to the ventral.

[0016] In step (2), the MRI magnetic resonance structure image at the time of stimulation positioning is registered with the high signal-to-noise ratio MRI, and the cortex is reconstructed with the structure image of the high signal-to-noise ratio MRI as a template; in the segmentation process: according to the brain atlas, the cingulate gyrus and its subregions and adjacent brain regions are segmented, the insula and its subregions are segmented; according to the brain atlas and MRI image, the amygdala and its subregions are segmented.

[0017] In step (2), the subregion of the cingulate gyrus includes the anterior cingulate cortex 24 region and the posterior cingulate cortex 23 region, and the adjacent brain regions of the cingulate gyrus include the sensory cortex 3a / b region, the first motor cortex F1 region, the second motor cortex F2 region, the motor cortex F6 region and the frontal lobe 8Bs region from front to back; the subregion of the insula includes the Ia region, the Id region and the Ig region; the subregion of the amygdala includes the AB region, the BA region, the LA region, the CE region and the AAA region.

[0018] In step (3), the cingulate gyrus is located according to the subregion of the cingulate gyrus and the boundary of the adjacent brain regions of the cingulate gyrus: the frontal lobe 8Bs region is located at the most front of the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex 24 region, and the bottom of the frontal lobe 8Bs region corresponds to the face region of the anterior cingulate cortex 24 region; the bottom of the motor cortex F6 region corresponds to the arm region of the anterior cingulate cortex 24 region; the bottom of the second motor cortex F2 region spans the anterior cingulate cortex 24 region and the posterior cingulate cortex 23 region, and corresponds to the leg region of the anterior cingulate cortex 24 region and the face region of the posterior cingulate cortex 23 region, respectively; the bottom of the first motor cortex F1 region corresponds to the arm region of the 23 region, and the sensory cortex 3a / b region corresponds to the leg region of the posterior cingulate cortex 23 region.

[0019] In step (4), the method for positioning the interoceptive function partition in the insula according to the sub-region partition and morphological characteristics of the insula is: the Ia region performs emotion processing function as the emotional cognitive processing function region; the Ig region includes the posterior Ig region participating in the auditory vestibular function and the dorsal Ig region related to interoception, on the anatomical structure of the insula, from the posterior side to the anterior side, the Ig region appears first and extends to the anterior side, then the Id region appears on the ventral side, the dorsal side is still the Ig region, and the appearance of the Id region is the critical cross section, the Ig region on the posterior side of the cross section is defined as the posterior Ig region, that is, the auditory vestibular function region of the insula, and the Ig region on the anterior side of the cross section is defined as the dorsal Ig region, that is, the interoceptive function region of the insula; the sub-region of the Id region includes the intermediate Id region and the ventral Id region, according to the segmentation result of the Id region of the insula, the cortical thickness along the Id gray matter is calculated, and the thickest cortex is taken as the boundary, the dorsal side is defined as the intermediate Id region, that is, the self-emotional function region of the insula, and the ventral side is defined as the ventral Id region, that is, the social emotional function region of the insula.

[0020] In step (5), the method for positioning the emotion function partition in the amygdala according to different sub-regions of the amygdala is: the AB region and the BA region are emotion-related high-level cognitive function regions, the LA region is an emotion feeling function region, and the CeA region and the AAA region are emotion-accompanying physiological function regions.

[0021] Continuous near-infrared neural stimulation is performed on three points of the medial thalamus.

[0022] The functional positioning system provided by the application draws the functional connection of the medial thalamus and the emotion loop (cingulate gyrus, insula and amygdala) through functional magnetic resonance (such as 7T ultra-high field), and positions the multi-function atlas of these regions according to the automatic registration and segmentation of brain regions, the morphological characteristics of brain regions and the specificity of sub-regions, and further realizes the drawing of the function-specific connection of these brain regions. The system can draw the topological functional connection of the medial thalamus and the brain emotion loop with function specificity, reveal the integrative role of the medial thalamus in multi-modal emotion function regulation, and provide a new method for accurately positioning the functional regions of the emotion loop. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of two positioning methods for the medial thalamus;

[0024] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of single-fiber stimulation of the medial thalamus;

[0025] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of brain region registration and segmentation;

[0026] Figure 4 Different body emotion expression function positioning diagram of the cingulate gyrus;

[0027] Figure 5 Schematic diagram for positioning the function partition of the insular sensory function;

[0028] Figure 6 Schematic diagram for positioning the function partition of the amygdala emotional function;

[0029] Figure 7 Function-specific functional connectivity diagram of the medial thalamic pulvinar and emotional loop;

[0030] Figure 8 Dorsal-ventral topological functional connectivity diagram of the medial thalamic pulvinar and emotional loop. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the scheme of the present application, the technical solutions in the present application will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0032] The functional positioning system provided by the present application is used to realize the functional positioning of the medial thalamic pulvinar and emotional cortical connection: first, the relative position of the medial thalamic pulvinar in the whole brain is positioned; the method of near-infrared light stimulation combined with 7T ultra-high field functional magnetic resonance is used to perform continuous multi-point near-infrared neural stimulation from the dorsal to the ventral of the medial thalamic pulvinar of macaques; the D99 standard brain atlas combined with high signal-to-noise ratio whole brain structural image is used to segment the emotional cortical brain regions (cingulate gyrus, insula, amygdala) of macaques and other brain regions related to functional positioning; the different body emotional expression function partitions of the cingulate gyrus are positioned according to the boundary of the motor cortex of the dorsal cingulate; the insular sensory function partition is positioned according to the morphology of the insular subregion partition; the emotional function partition of the amygdala is positioned according to different subregions of the amygdala; finally, the functional specific mesoscale functional topological connection of the medial thalamic pulvinar and the emotional loop is drawn by 7T ultra-high field functional magnetic resonance.

[0033] The following embodiment provides a functional positioning system of the medial thalamic pulvinar and emotional cortical connection, taking macaques as subjects, and the specific implementation of the functional positioning method includes the following steps:

[0034] 1. Positioning of the medial thalamic pulvinar

[0035] The high signal-to-noise ratio MRI structure image obtained by 20 times of average scanning is non-linearly registered with the D99 macaque standard brain atlas (using 3dalinate of AFNI), as shown in A of FIG. 1, and the registration result can be used to position the position of the medial thalamic pulvinar (as shown in FIG. 2B). Figure 1 ​Figure 1 the registration positioning of B) and the location of the rest of the brain regions of interest (such as Figure 3 A, B and C) of the brain atlas;

[0036] Meanwhile, according to the results of the anatomical staining, the medial thalamic pulvinar of the macaque monkey was positioned, and a deep brain region of 4x5x4 mm was positioned, which was located in the posterior medial thalamus, 2-6 mm away from the ear rod, 5 mm apart between the dorsal and ventral sides, and 6-10 mm away from the midline.

[0037] 2. Multi-point continuous infrared nerve stimulation of the medial thalamic pulvinar using a single optical fiber:

[0038] According to the positioning results, the range of the horizontal cross section of the medial thalamic pulvinar was determined on the horizontal positioning instrument according to the ear rod position, and a coordinate was selected in the range, and the optical fiber was vertically implanted according to the selected coordinate through the light ray advancing device, as shown in A (horizontal plane) of Figure 2 , and the yellow hexagonal star is an example of the selected coordinate; Figure 2 B of the medial thalamic pulvinar, wherein +19 mm indicates that the dorsal side of the medial thalamic pulvinar is +19 mm away from the top of the cerebral scalp (planned depth), and the optical fiber track was tracked according to the rapid MRI structural imaging, the advancing distance was estimated according to the actual imaging optical fiber track, and then the dorsal side of the medial thalamic pulvinar was advanced according to the estimated distance; after reaching the target position, the first point was stimulated.

[0039] 3. Registration and segmentation

[0040] The rapid MRI structural image during stimulation positioning was registered with the high signal-to-noise ratio MRI obtained by 20 times of average scanning (using Freesurf's Align_Center). The high signal-to-noise ratio structural image was used as a template, and the cortical reconstruction tool kit of Freesurf was used for cortical reconstruction.

[0041] Meanwhile, according to the segmentation results of the brain atlas in step 1, the important brain regions of the three emotional loops of cingulate gyrus, insula and amygdala, and their subregions were projected: cingulate gyrus subregion, insula subregion and amygdala subregion. The segmentation results of the cingulate gyrus subregion are shown in A of Figure 3 , and yellow and cyan represent the anterior cingulate gyrus 23 region and the posterior cingulate gyrus 24 region, respectively. In order to position the motor function area in the cingulate gyrus, in addition to the cingulate gyrus subregion, the brain regions related to the positioning of the cingulate gyrus motor function map need to be segmented, and the segmentation results of the brain regions adjacent to the cingulate gyrus are shown in B of Figure 3 , which includes the prefrontal cortex 8Bs region, the motor cortex F6 region, the second motor cortex F2 region, the first motor cortex F1 region, and the sensory cortex 3a / b region from front to back; the segmentation results of the insula subregion are shown in Figure 3As shown in C, this includes: purple represents the Ig region, green represents the Id region, and brown represents the Ia region. Because the amygdala is located deep within the brain, the signal-to-noise ratio of MRI images is limited. Therefore, when segmenting the amygdala, the MRI image from the D99 brain atlas that best approximates the brain MRI image is selected, and the amygdala subregions are segmented according to the boundaries of the amygdala subregions in the D99 brain atlas, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown in D, the segmentation results include: AB region, BA region, LA region, CeA region, and AAA region;

[0042] 4. Location of different functional areas for expressing bodily emotions in the cingulate gyrus

[0043] The dorsal cingulate gyrus is generally considered the motor region of the cingulate gyrus, an area involved in higher motor functions such as emotional expression and execution. It has been shown that different body part representations exist within this motor region. In this embodiment, based on MRI segmentation results of the brain regions surrounding the cingulate gyrus, the anterior cingulate cortex area 24 and the posterior cingulate cortex area 23 are divided into three function-specific regions related to face, arm, and leg functions, respectively. The specific division method is as follows: Figure 4 As shown in A: 8Bs is located at the front of the dorsal side of zone 24 of the cingulate gyrus, and its bottom corresponds to the face area of ​​zone 24 of the cingulate gyrus; similarly, the bottom of F6 corresponds to the arm area of ​​zone 24 of the cingulate gyrus; the bottom of F2 spans zones 24 and 23 of the cingulate gyrus, corresponding to the leg area of ​​zone 24 and the face area of ​​zone 23, respectively; the bottom of F1 corresponds to the arm area of ​​zone 23, and 3a / b corresponds to the leg area of ​​zone 23.

[0044] In summary, based on brain region segmentation results from MRI images and the relative location of the dorsal brain region of the cingulate gyrus, functional localization of different body parts represented by the cingulate gyrus can be achieved. The localization results are as follows: Figure 4 As shown in B in the diagram.

[0045] 5. Localization of sensory functional areas within the insula

[0046] The insula is considered a crucial brain region regulating interoception, governing the brain's self-awareness and perception of emotions, and has been shown to contain more complex functional subregions. In this embodiment, the insula is divided into five distinct interoceptive functional regions based on its subregions and morphological characteristics:

[0047] First, the three main subregions of the insula—Ig, Id, and Ia—were identified using MRI image segmentation. Ia primarily handles emotional processing. Ig can be further divided into two functional subregions: the posterior Id region, involved in auditory vestibular function, and the dorsal Id region, related to interoception. Anatomically, from posterior to anterior, the Ig region first appears and extends to the anterior side. Figure 5(As shown in purple in A), then the Id region appears on the ventral side, while the Ig region remains on the dorsal side (as shown in purple in A). Figure 5 (As shown in green in section A), the appearance of the Id region is taken as the critical cross section. The Ig region behind this cross section is defined as the posterior Ig region, which is the auditory vestibular functional area of ​​the insula. The Ig region anterior to this cross section is defined as the dorsal Ig region, which is the interaural functional area of ​​the insula. Figure 5 As shown by the black dashed line in A); the Id area can also be divided into two functional areas: the central Id area (ego-emotional functional area) and the ventral Id area (social-emotional functional area). Based on the segmentation results of the insula Id area, the cortical thickness along the Id gray matter direction is calculated. The thickest cortical layer is used as the dividing line. The dorsal side of the thickest cortex is defined as the central Id area, which is the ego-emotional functional area of ​​the insula, and the ventral side is defined as the ventral Id area, which is the social-emotional functional area of ​​the insula. Figure 5 (As shown by the red dashed line in A). In summary, based on the subregion segmentation results and morphological features of the insula from MRI, the LayNii toolkit was used to calculate the thickness of the insular cortex and automatically delineate the localization of the interawareness functional areas.

[0048] 6. Location of the amygdala's emotional functional areas

[0049] The amygdala is an important brain region in the emotional circuitry of the brain, and is generally considered to be involved in various functions such as rapid emotion recognition and physiological responses. According to MRI partitioning results, different functions are defined for different partitions of the amygdala: the AB area and the BA area are defined as higher cognitive function areas related to emotion. Figure 6 (As shown in light yellow in the image), the LA area is defined as the emotional sensation functional area ( Figure 6 (As shown in pink in the image), CeA and AAA areas are defined as physiological functional areas associated with emotions ( Figure 6 (As shown in light purple in the image).

[0050] In summary, based on the subregional segmentation results of the amygdala by MRI, the amygdala's emotional functional areas were located, including higher cognitive functional areas related to emotion, emotional sensory functional areas, and physiological functional areas associated with emotion.

[0051] 7. Mapping the dorsal-ventral topological connections of the medial thalamus-occipital region.

[0052] In this embodiment, the functional localization of the connection between the medial thalamus and the emotional cortex was explored by stimulating three points on the medial thalamus, with a vertical distance (dorsolateral to ventral distance) of approximately 5 mm, to investigate the characteristics of the topological connections from the dorsal to the ventral side of the medial thalamus. Specific methods include:

[0053] (1) Mapping of the medial thalamo-cingulate and emotion circuit function-specific functional connectivity: After stimulating the medial thalamo-cingulate with NIR light at the first stimulation point in step 2, the activated voxels of the emotion circuit brain regions that are significantly correlated with the stimulation paradigm are defined as the functional connectivity of the medial thalamo-cingulate. According to the localization of the functional regions of the cingulate gyrus, insula, and amygdala in steps 4, 5, and 6, these activations are further endowed with specific functional definitions, i.e., the function-specific functional connectivity of the medial thalamo-cingulate and the emotion circuit is mapped. Figure 7 The cingulate gyrus function-specific connectivity of the first stimulation point in A is shown in FIG. 1A, and the medial thalamo-cingulate-specific connectivity of different facial, arm, and leg regions is shown in FIG. 1A; Figure 7 The insula function-specific connectivity in B is shown in FIG. 1B, and the medial thalamo-cingulate stimulation point connectivity is located in the auditory vestibular function area, the interoceptive function area, the social emotional area, and the emotional cognitive processing area, lacking the self-emotional function area; Figure 7 The amygdala function-specific connectivity of the medial thalamo-cingulate stimulation point in C is shown in FIG. 1C, and the amygdala function-specific connectivity of the medial thalamo-cingulate stimulation point exists in the emotion-related cognitive function area and the emotional sensory area.

[0054] (2) Mapping of the medial thalamo-cingulate dorsal-ventral topological connectivity: Continue to stimulate the second and third points with a 1mm fiber (about 1mm distance between each point) and scan the MRI structural image to record the fiber tip position, repeat the above steps. Finally, the medial thalamo-cingulate is stimulated with NIR neurostimulation at three consecutive points with a vertical distance of 5mm, thereby realizing the exploration of the dorsal-ventral connectivity topology of the medial thalamo-cingulate. Figure 8 A, B, and C in FIG. 1A, B, and C, respectively, show that the connectivity of the three consecutive medial thalamo-cingulate stimulation points in the cingulate gyrus, insula, and amygdala exists in a certain topological rule in each specific functional area, such as Figure 8 A in FIG. 1A, there is different activation from dorsal to ventral from stimulation points 1, 2, and 3 in the arm area of the anterior cingulate gyrus.

Claims

1. A functional localization system for intralateral thalamo-cortical connections of the limbic system, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: (1) performing multi-point near-infrared nerve stimulation on the medial thalamus of a subject from the dorsal side to the ventral side, and synchronously collecting MRI magnetic resonance structural images and MRI magnetic resonance functional images during the stimulation; (2) registering and reconstructing the MRI magnetic resonance structural images, and projecting emotional loop brain regions including the cingulate gyrus, the insula, the amygdala and the adjacent brain regions of the cingulate gyrus according to a brain atlas, and segmenting the sub-regions of the cingulate gyrus, the sub-regions of the insula, the sub-regions of the amygdala and the adjacent brain regions of the cingulate gyrus; (3) locating the functional sub-regions of the cingulate gyrus according to the sub-regions of the cingulate gyrus and the boundaries of the adjacent brain regions of the cingulate gyrus; (4) locating the interoceptive functional sub-regions of the insula according to the sub-regions of the insula and morphological characteristics; (5) locating the emotional functional sub-regions of the amygdala according to different sub-regions of the amygdala; (6) evaluating the activated voxels of the emotional loop brain regions significantly related to the stimulation paradigm under the action of each stimulation point according to the MRI magnetic resonance functional images, and realizing the functional localization of the medial thalamus and the emotional cortex mesoscale functional topology connection according to the positions of the activated voxels in the functional sub-regions of the cingulate gyrus, the interoceptive functional sub-regions of the insula and the emotional functional sub-regions of the amygdala.

2. The functional localization system of medial thalamocortical connections and emotional cortex according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the high signal-to-noise ratio MRI structural image of the subject is non-linearly registered with a standard brain atlas, and the position of the medial thalamus and the positions of the rest concerned brain regions are located according to the registration results; meanwhile, the medial thalamus is located according to the anatomical staining results, and a deep brain region located in the posterior medial thalamus is located; after the location, single optical fiber is used to perform multi-point continuous near-infrared nerve stimulation on the medial thalamus from the dorsal side to the ventral side.

3. The functional localization system of medial thalamocortical connections and emotional cortex according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step (2), the MRI magnetic resonance structural image during the stimulation is registered with the high signal-to-noise ratio MRI, and the cortical reconstruction is performed with the structural image of the high signal-to-noise ratio MRI as a template; in the segmentation process: the cingulate gyrus and its sub-regions and the adjacent brain regions thereof, the insula and its sub-regions are segmented according to the brain atlas registration; the amygdala and its sub-regions are segmented according to the brain atlas and the MRI image registration.

4. The functional localization system of medial thalamocortical connections and emotional cortex according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the sub-regions of the cingulate gyrus include the anterior cingulate cortex 24 region and the posterior cingulate cortex 23 region, and the adjacent brain regions of the cingulate gyrus from the anterior side to the posterior side include the sensory cortex 3a / b region, the first motor cortex F1 region, the second motor cortex F2 region, the motor cortex F6 region and the prefrontal cortex 8Bs region in sequence; the sub-regions of the insula include the Ia region, the Id region and the Ig region; and the sub-regions of the amygdala include the AB region, the BA region, the LA region, the CE region and the AAA region.

5. The functional localization system of medial thalamocortical connections and emotional cortex according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step (3), the different body emotional expression function zones of the cingulate gyrus are located according to the sub-zone partition of the cingulate gyrus and the boundary of the adjacent brain region of the cingulate gyrus: the prefrontal cortex 8Bs region is located at the most front of the dorsal side of the anterior cingulate cortex 24 region, the bottom of the prefrontal cortex 8Bs region corresponds to the face area of the anterior cingulate cortex 24 region; the bottom of the motor cortex F6 region corresponds to the arm area of the anterior cingulate cortex 24 region; the bottom of the second motor cortex F2 region crosses the anterior cingulate cortex 24 region and the posterior cingulate cortex 23 region, and corresponds to the leg area of the anterior cingulate cortex 24 region and the face area of the posterior cingulate cortex 23 region, respectively; the bottom of the first motor cortex F1 region corresponds to the arm area of the 23 region, and the sensory cortex 3a / b region corresponds to the leg area of the posterior cingulate cortex 23 region.

6. The functional localization system of medial thalamocortical connections and emotional cortex according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step (4), the method for locating the interoception function zone in the insula according to the sub-zone partition of the insula and the morphological characteristics is as follows: the Ia region performs emotion processing function and serves as the emotional cognitive processing function zone; the Ig region includes the posterior Ig region participating in the auditory vestibular function and the dorsal Ig region related to interoception, and on the anatomical structure of the insula, the Ig region appears first from the posterior side to the anterior side and extends to the anterior side, and then the Id region appears on the ventral side, and the dorsal side is still the Ig region. The appearance of the Id region is taken as a critical cross section, the Ig region on the posterior side of the cross section is defined as the posterior Ig region, which is the auditory vestibular function zone of the insula, and the Ig region on the anterior side of the cross section is defined as the dorsal Ig region, which is the interoception function zone of the insula; the sub-zone of the Id region includes the intermediate Id region and the ventral Id region, according to the segmentation result of the Id region of the insula, the cortical thickness along the Id gray matter direction is calculated, and the thickest cortex is taken as a boundary line, the dorsal side of which is defined as the intermediate Id region, which is the self-emotional function zone of the insula, and the ventral side is defined as the ventral Id region, which is the social emotional function zone of the insula.

7. The functional localization system of medial thalamocortical connections and emotional cortex according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step (5), the method for locating the emotional function zone in the amygdala according to different sub-zones of the amygdala is as follows: the AB region and the BA region are the emotion-related high-level cognitive function regions, the LA region is the emotion sensory function region, and the CeA region and the AAA region are the emotion-accompanying physiological function regions.

8. The functional localization system of medial thalamocortical connections and emotional cortex according to claim 1, characterized in that, The continuous near-infrared nerve stimulation is performed on three points of the medial thalamus.

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