Low-voltage self-healing control system and method for distribution network based on medium and low voltage cooperation

Abstract

The application discloses a low-voltage self-healing control system and method of a power distribution network based on medium and low pressure cooperation, and belongs to the technical field of power distribution network electric power, and comprises the following: a device data acquisition module, which is used for acquiring power distribution information of a power distribution cabinet, a tie-in cut-off state between low-voltage loops, a remote monitoring control switch state and electric energy use information; a data transmission and processing module, which is used for receiving data information adopted by the device data acquisition module and obtaining pretreatment information by processing; and a front-end user interactive interface, which displays a low-voltage self-healing platform of the power distribution network according to the pretreatment information processed by the data transmission and processing module. The application is composed of bottom-layer device data acquisition, intermediate data transmission and processing and a front-end user interactive interface, realizes efficient collection, processing and display of device data, realizes a remote opening and closing function, saves manual resources, shortens power restoration time, and improves continuity and reliability of power supply.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of power distribution network technology, and more specifically, it relates to a low-voltage self-healing control system and method for power distribution networks based on medium and low voltage coordination. Background Technology

[0002] As a crucial link in the power system, the distribution network spans urban and rural areas, shouldering the important mission of connecting thousands of households. Often referred to as the "last mile" of power supply, it is not only a vital bridge connecting the transmission network and end users but also a key element in ensuring the stability of power supply. In this segment, the distribution network's power supply reliability and self-healing capabilities are particularly prominent, directly impacting the stable operation of the entire power system and the user's electricity experience.

[0003] In the field of medium-voltage automation, common feeder automation modes include voltage-time type, voltage-current type, voltage-current post-acceleration type, differential protection type, intelligent distributed type, and centralized master station type. Each of these modes has its own characteristics and can quickly locate the faulty section when a fault occurs and quickly restore normal power supply to the non-faulty section, greatly improving the operating efficiency and reliability of the medium-voltage distribution network.

[0004] However, existing research mainly focuses on self-healing technology for medium-voltage distribution networks, while research on self-healing technology for low-voltage distribution networks is relatively weak. The main technical research is still on low-voltage automatic transfer switching and dual power supply switching technologies, which have a low level of intelligence and are difficult to achieve automatic fault isolation and power transfer.

[0005] The current power restoration schemes for power distribution networks mainly have the following problems:

[0006] (1) There is a power restoration blind zone in the medium voltage fault.

[0007] Although the redundant transformers in the low-voltage distribution room have the function of cold / hot start, since the main and backup transformers are both connected to the same medium-voltage bus, this method cannot cope with the situation of medium-voltage bus failure. Once the medium-voltage bus fails and power is cut off, the low-voltage system of the distribution room will not be able to achieve the function of self-healing and power restoration, affecting the continuity and reliability of power supply.

[0008] (2) Some scenarios do not have the conditions for low-voltage power conversion.

[0009] Some low-voltage substations lack redundant transformers and are not connected to other lines. Therefore, when medium-voltage lines in these sections fail or transformers require experimental maintenance, these substations cannot provide low-voltage power transfer. In such cases, to ensure power supply continuity, temporary power supply from generator trucks must be relied upon.

[0010] (3) The low-voltage switch does not have remote control functions.

[0011] Low-voltage branch switches in use in the region generally lack remote opening and closing capabilities. Realizing remote opening and closing requires a high-security master station platform for control; however, the communication process for this function is relatively complex, and the backend also needs corresponding functional support, making the construction project complicated. Furthermore, rapid identification of fault types is difficult, leading to a significant investment of manual resources when troubleshooting branch line faults, inevitably prolonging the power restoration time.

[0012] (4) The generator truck is used frequently, causing noise pollution to residents.

[0013] In critical scenarios such as ensuring power supply during holidays and conducting power distribution testing and maintenance, although a small number of distribution areas have the ability to transfer power through inter-station connections, most areas still need to rely on mobile generators to ensure power supply. However, the noise generated by mobile generators during operation often leads to complaints from users, resulting in low economic efficiency. Furthermore, in some urban villages, due to geographical limitations, mobile generators cannot even enter the power supply protection area, further increasing the difficulty and complexity of ensuring power supply.

[0014] (5) Self-healing does not take into account the capacity of backup power stations.

[0015] Currently, most low-voltage self-healing technologies are designed primarily to quickly restore power to faulty transformer areas, often neglecting the capacity of backup transformer areas. This insufficient consideration may lead to backup transformer areas bearing excessive loads after power transfer is implemented, thereby increasing the risk of transformer overload or even burnout.

[0016] As the link in the power supply chain where users directly experience electricity, the operation of the low-voltage distribution network directly affects users' perception of power outages and their electricity usage experience. To address the aforementioned problems, there is an urgent need to develop a targeted construction plan to ensure the reliability of power supply and the safety of electricity use for users. Summary of the Invention

[0017] In view of the shortcomings of the above or existing technologies, this invention proposes a low-voltage self-healing control system and method for distribution networks based on medium and low voltage coordination. It comprehensively considers multiple aspects such as technological innovation, equipment upgrades, system optimization and emergency plans, thereby effectively improving the operating efficiency and fault response capability of low-voltage distribution networks and ensuring the continuity and stability of power supply to users.

[0018] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0019] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a low-voltage self-healing control system for distribution networks based on medium- and low-voltage coordination, comprising:

[0020] The equipment data acquisition module is configured to collect operating parameters of the power distribution system, including power distribution information of the distribution cabinet, low-voltage circuit connection status, remote switch control signals and power metering data;

[0021] The data transmission and processing module has a data interface that communicates with the device's data acquisition module, and is used to preprocess the acquired data and generate topology analysis results;

[0022] The front-end user interface is configured to visually display the power grid operation status and self-healing control commands output by the data transmission and processing module.

[0023] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the device data acquisition module includes:

[0024] The power distribution cabinet data acquisition module is used to collect information from the power distribution cabinet and obtain power distribution information from the power distribution cabinet.

[0025] Low-voltage interconnection switch is used for interconnection and switching control between different low-voltage circuits;

[0026] Intelligent circuit breakers are used for remote control interfaces and status feedback circuits;

[0027] Electricity meters are used to measure electricity usage data and provide real-time data feedback.

[0028] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the data transmission and processing module includes:

[0029] The self-healing controller for the transformer area is used to receive data information collected by the equipment data acquisition module and send out pre-processed information;

[0030] The storage module is used to store data and preprocessed information;

[0031] The data processing module is used to analyze and process data to form preprocessed information.

[0032] Furthermore, the data transmission and processing module also includes:

[0033] The gateway is used to communicate with the equipment information acquisition module to collect information about power distribution network equipment.

[0034] The communication module sends data to the MQTT server via 4G communication using the MQTT protocol.

[0035] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the data processing module includes:

[0036] Historical data management module: manages and analyzes historical data stored in the data storage layer of the platform layer, providing a basis for decision-making;

[0037] Location management module: Enables the management of device location information, and facilitates device positioning and maintenance;

[0038] Fault simulation module: By simulating various fault scenarios, it helps users to conduct fault analysis and formulate emergency plans;

[0039] Platform configuration management module: used to configure and manage various parameters at the platform layer;

[0040] Transformer Area Operation Monitoring Module: Monitors the operating status of the transformer area in real time, including voltage, current, and power;

[0041] Transformer Area Topology Management Module: Manages the topology of transformer areas, performs network planning, and troubleshoots.

[0042] Self-healing action management module: Automatically triggers self-healing actions when a system failure occurs;

[0043] Medium-voltage data interaction module: Enables data interaction with the medium-voltage system, achieving collaborative management of the entire power system.

[0044] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the front-end user interface includes:

[0045] Visualization engine: Used to display the operating status of the power grid, providing decision-makers with a global view.

[0046] Virtual display console: Provides a personalized monitoring and management interface, making it convenient for users to operate and make decisions.

[0047] Alarm control terminal: promptly issues alarm information for faults and abnormal situations, reminding users to take appropriate measures.

[0048] DT Digital Twin Simulator: Provides support for optimization and decision-making through virtual simulation of physical systems using digital twin technology.

[0049] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the self-healing controller for the transformer substation includes:

[0050] The system includes a controller, a power module, a communication module, a storage module, a reset module, and an interface module. The input terminal of the controller is connected to the device acquisition module. The controller is also connected to the communication module, the storage module, and the interface module. The reset module is connected to the input terminal of the controller, and the power module is connected to the controller.

[0051] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the controller adopts a 528MHz ARM Cortex-A7 32-bit microcontroller.

[0052] Secondly, this invention proposes a low-voltage self-healing control method for distribution networks based on medium- and low-voltage coordination, comprising:

[0053] The equipment data acquisition module collects the operating parameters of the power distribution system, including power distribution information of the distribution cabinet, low-voltage circuit connection status, remote switch control signals and power metering data.

[0054] The data transmission and processing module preprocesses the collected data and generates topology analysis results;

[0055] The front-end user interface visually displays the power grid operation status and self-healing control commands output by the data transmission and processing module.

[0056] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0057] This invention consists of underlying equipment data acquisition, intermediate data transmission and processing, and a front-end user interface. These components work closely together to achieve efficient collection, processing, and display of equipment data, providing users with timely and accurate information services. The modules collaborate to achieve intelligent management and monitoring of the power system. When a medium-voltage busbar experiences a power outage due to a fault, self-healing power restoration can be achieved. The invention also fully considers the capacity of backup transformer areas, enabling remote switching functions, saving manpower resources, shortening power restoration time, and improving the continuity and reliability of power supply. Attached Figure Description

[0058] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the following description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0059] Figure 1 The structural diagram of the low-voltage self-healing control system for distribution networks based on medium and low voltage coordination provided by the present invention;

[0060] Figure 2 A diagram illustrating an embodiment of the low-voltage self-healing control system for power distribution networks based on medium- and low-voltage coordination provided by this invention;

[0061] Figure 3 This is a screenshot of the interface of the historical data management module provided by the present invention.

[0062] Figure 4 A diagram showing the interface of the geolocation management module provided by this invention;

[0063] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the interface of the fault simulation module provided by the present invention;

[0064] Figure 6This is a screenshot of the platform configuration management module provided by the present invention.

[0065] Figure 7 This is a diagram showing the interface of the transformer area operation monitoring module provided by the present invention;

[0066] Figure 8 This is a diagram showing the interface of the transformer topology management module provided by the present invention;

[0067] Figure 9 This is a diagram showing the interface of the self-healing action management module provided by the present invention;

[0068] Figure 10 This is a diagram showing the interface of the medium-pressure data interaction module provided by the present invention;

[0069] Figure 11 The controller core board circuit structure diagram provided by the present invention;

[0070] Figure 12 The startup configuration circuit structure diagram provided by the present invention;

[0071] Figure 13a The power module structure diagram provided by this invention;

[0072] Figure 13b The power module structure diagram provided by this invention;

[0073] Figure 14 The Ethernet circuit structure diagram provided by this invention;

[0074] Figure 15 The storage module structure diagram provided by this invention;

[0075] Figure 16 The reset circuit structure diagram provided by the present invention;

[0076] Figure 17 This is a diagram of the architecture of the first-end interconnected low-voltage self-healing technology provided by the present invention;

[0077] Figure 18 This invention provides a diagram illustrating the first-end interconnected low-voltage self-healing technology strategy.

[0078] Figure 19 A structural diagram of an embodiment of the front-end interconnected low-voltage self-healing technology provided by the present invention;

[0079] Figure 20 A structural diagram of an embodiment of the front-end interconnected low-voltage self-healing technology provided by the present invention;

[0080] Figure 21 This is a diagram of the terminal interconnect type low-voltage self-healing technology architecture provided by the present invention;

[0081] Figure 22This is a diagram illustrating the end-interconnect type low-voltage self-healing technology strategy provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0082] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0083] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0084] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single or selective embodiment that mutually excludes other embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention can be applied to any applicable scenario.

[0085] Figure 1 The low-voltage self-healing control system for distribution networks based on medium- and low-voltage coordination, as shown in the embodiment of the present invention, includes:

[0086] The equipment data acquisition module 101 is used to acquire power distribution information of the distribution cabinet, the communication disconnection status between low-voltage circuits, the status of remote monitoring and control switches, and power usage information.

[0087] The data transmission and processing module 102 is used to receive data information from the device data acquisition module and process it to obtain preprocessed information;

[0088] The front-end user interface 103 displays the low-voltage self-healing platform of the distribution network based on the preprocessed information processed by the data transmission and processing module.

[0089] See Figure 2This invention comprises a bottom-level device data acquisition module, an intermediate data transmission and processing module, and a front-end user interface. These components work closely together to achieve efficient collection, processing, and display of device data, providing users with timely and accurate information services. The device data acquisition module is responsible for various data transmitted from the mobile device layer, including current, voltage, load level, switch operation status, and other limiting conditions. It achieves real-time perception of the device status through sensors and communication interfaces. The data transmission and processing module stores a large amount of data from the device data acquisition module, including historical and real-time data, providing data support for subsequent analysis and processing, including fault detection, diagnosis, location, and automatic recovery. The front-end user interface is used for device management, permission management, user management, and application management, providing a data display interface and a human-computer interaction window.

[0090] The system includes: Equipment Management: managing various devices at the equipment layer, including device registration, monitoring, and maintenance; Access Control: ensuring system security and strictly controlling user permissions; User Management: managing system user information, including user registration, login, and permission allocation; and Application Management: managing various applications at the application layer, including application deployment, upgrades, and monitoring.

[0091] In this embodiment of the invention, the device data acquisition module 101 includes:

[0092] The power distribution cabinet data acquisition module 111 is used to collect information from the power distribution cabinet and obtain power distribution information from the power distribution cabinet.

[0093] The low-voltage interconnection switch 112 is used for interconnection and switching control between different low-voltage circuits;

[0094] Smart switch 113 is used for remote control and monitoring of the switch;

[0095] The smart meter 114 is used to measure electricity usage information and provide real-time data feedback.

[0096] See Figure 1 The data transmission and processing module 102 proposed in this embodiment of the invention includes:

[0097] The self-healing controller 121 for the transformer area is used to receive data information collected by the equipment data acquisition module and send out pre-processed information.

[0098] Storage module 122 is used to store data information and preprocessed information;

[0099] The data processing module 123 is used to analyze and process data information to form preprocessed information.

[0100] The storage module is MQTTClient, which is responsible for retrieving data from the MQTT server. It stores the received data in a MySQL database and a Redis instance. MySQL, a relational database, is suitable for storing structured data and has powerful data storage and management capabilities. Redis is a high-performance in-memory database that can be used to cache data and improve data access speed.

[0101] Simultaneously, MQTTClient pushes data to the Kafka message queue. Kafka is a high-throughput distributed publish-subscribe messaging system capable of handling large-scale real-time data. By pushing data to the Kafka message queue, asynchronous data processing can be achieved, improving system performance and scalability.

[0102] Flink retrieves data from the Kafka message queue for stream processing. Flink is a powerful stream processing framework capable of rapidly processing and analyzing real-time data. In this system, Flink is used to generate alert data. It analyzes and judges real-time data according to preset rules and algorithms, and generates alert data when anomalies are detected.

[0103] The generated alarm data is stored in Redis and MySQL databases. This facilitates subsequent querying and processing, while also improving data reliability and availability.

[0104] The data transmission and processing module 102 proposed in this embodiment of the invention further includes:

[0105] Gateway 124 is used to communicate with the equipment information acquisition module to collect information on power distribution network equipment;

[0106] The communication module 125 sends data to the MQTT server via 4G communication using the MQTT protocol.

[0107] As a crucial node connecting sub-devices and the upper-layer system, the gateway undertakes important data acquisition tasks. It communicates with various sub-devices through multiple communication protocols, such as IEC101, carrier wave, Modbus, RS-485, and DLT645, collecting various data generated by these devices. These protocols cover the communication needs of different types of devices, ensuring the system's compatibility with a wide range of sub-devices.

[0108] After collecting data from the sub-devices, the gateway sends the data to the MQTT server via 4G communication using the MQTT protocol. Here, Mosquitto is used as the MQTT server, which offers efficient and reliable message transmission capabilities. MQTT is a lightweight messaging protocol suitable for resource-constrained devices and network environments, effectively reducing data transmission overhead.

[0109] In this embodiment of the invention, the data processing module 123 includes:

[0110] Historical data management module 1231: manages and analyzes historical data stored in the data storage layer of the platform layer to provide a basis for decision-making;

[0111] See Figure 3 The historical data management module, as the core component of the platform's data record management, provides rich historical data support for the operation analysis and decision-making of the transformer substation. The main content displayed includes medium-voltage fault event records, low-voltage fault event records, low-voltage self-healing action records, configuration modification records, platform parameter modification records, and various notification data. Medium-voltage and low-voltage fault event records provide historical evidence for fault analysis and prevention. Low-voltage self-healing action records help users evaluate the performance and effectiveness of the self-healing system. Configuration modification records and platform parameter modification records document system configuration changes and parameter adjustments, facilitating users' tracking of system changes. Various notification data allow users to promptly understand the system's operating status and important events.

[0112] The display method combines lists and text. The list format allows for the categorization and presentation of various types of historical data, making it easy for users to find and manage. The text descriptions provide detailed descriptions and explanations of the data in the lists, improving readability and comprehensibility.

[0113] Geographic Location Management Module 1232: Enables the management of the geographical location information of the equipment, facilitating equipment positioning and maintenance;

[0114] See Figure 4 The geolocation management module, as a crucial tool for managing the geolocation of low-voltage self-healing transformer substations, provides geographic information support for the maintenance and management of these substations. The main content displayed combines the construction location of the low-voltage self-healing transformer substation with geographic information. By integrating the substation's location information with a geographic map, users can intuitively understand the distribution of the substation and its surrounding environment. Simultaneously, the location of important equipment and the location of faults can be marked on the map, facilitating on-site maintenance and troubleshooting.

[0115] The display method combines maps and text. The map format visually shows the geographical location of the transformer substations, and users can zoom and pan to view the distribution of substations in different areas. The combination of text and images allows for the addition of annotations and descriptions to the map, such as displaying the substation name and number at the substation location, improving the map's information content and readability.

[0116] Fault simulation module 1233: By simulating various fault scenarios, it helps users to conduct fault analysis and formulate emergency plans;

[0117] See Figure 5 The fault simulation module, as a crucial tool for simulating low-voltage self-healing actions on the platform, provides strong support for system optimization and testing. Key features include: medium- and low-voltage fault simulation settings, allowing users to set different types of medium- and low-voltage fault scenarios, such as short circuits, grounding faults, and overloads, to test the system's self-healing capabilities and performance; low-voltage self-healing process recording, which tracks and records the system's self-healing actions during fault simulation, helping users analyze the effectiveness of the self-healing mechanism and identify optimization directions; and load migration process simulation (an extended function), which simulates the load migration process during a fault, evaluating the system's load balancing capability and reliability.

[0118] The presentation combines a topology diagram with text and graphics. The topology diagram clearly shows the circuit structure and equipment connections of the transformer substation, allowing users to set fault points and observe the self-healing process. The combination of text and graphics allows for the addition of explanations and annotations to the topology diagram, such as displaying fault type and occurrence time at fault points, improving the intuitiveness and readability of the simulation process.

[0119] Platform Configuration Management Module 1234: Configures and manages various parameters at the platform layer to ensure the normal operation of the system;

[0120] See Figure 6 The platform configuration management module, as the core of the platform's comprehensive configuration management, provides crucial support for personalized system settings and function adjustments. Users can configure user permissions within this module, assigning appropriate operational permissions based on different user roles and responsibilities to ensure system security and management standardization. Platform function settings allow users to enable or disable specific function modules according to actual needs, meeting different application scenarios. Communication parameter settings allow adjustment of communication parameters between the platform and devices, ensuring stable and efficient communication.

[0121] Transformer Area Operation Monitoring Module 1235: Real-time monitoring of the operating status of the transformer area, including parameters such as voltage, current, and power;

[0122] See Figure 7The transformer substation operation monitoring module serves as the topology viewing interface for the substation, crucial for its management and maintenance. The main display covers the substation topology, clearly showing the connections between various devices, helping users quickly understand the overall structure. The substation equipment management function allows users to view detailed information about each device within the substation, including device type, model, and operating status. Real-time operating parameters such as voltage, current, and power are displayed, enabling users to monitor the substation's operational status promptly. Switch status viewing and device communication status viewing functions allow for real-time monitoring of switch opening and closing states and device communication, ensuring normal communication and operational control between devices.

[0123] The presentation combines an electrical topology diagram of the transformer substation with text and graphics. The electrical topology diagram visually illustrates the circuit connections within the substation, allowing users to quickly locate equipment and understand the connection paths between devices. Simultaneously, the combination of text and graphics provides detailed explanations of the devices in the topology diagram, such as displaying the device name and parameters next to the device icon, improving user understanding and management efficiency of the transformer substation.

[0124] Transformer Area Topology Management Module 1236: Manages the topology structure of transformer areas, facilitating network planning and troubleshooting;

[0125] See Figure 8 The transformer substation topology management module serves as the interface for viewing the transformer substation topology. It is crucial for the management and maintenance of the substation, displaying the substation topology and clearly showing the connections between various devices, helping users quickly understand the overall structure of the substation. The substation device management function allows users to view detailed information about each device within the substation, including device type, model, and operating status. Real-time operating parameters such as voltage, current, and power are displayed, enabling users to monitor the substation's operating status promptly. Switch status viewing and device communication status viewing functions allow for real-time monitoring of switch opening and closing states and device communication, ensuring normal communication and operational control between devices.

[0126] The presentation combines an electrical topology diagram of the transformer substation with text and graphics. The electrical topology diagram visually illustrates the circuit connections within the substation, allowing users to quickly locate equipment and understand the connection paths between devices. Simultaneously, the combination of text and graphics provides detailed explanations of the devices in the topology diagram, such as displaying the device name and parameters next to the device icon, improving user understanding and management efficiency of the transformer substation.

[0127] Self-healing action management module 1237: When a system failure occurs, the self-healing action is automatically triggered to improve the reliability of the system.

[0128] See Figure 9The self-healing action management module, serving as a low-voltage self-healing action recording and notification module, plays a crucial role in improving the reliability of transformer substations. Its main content includes fault event logs, which detail various fault conditions occurring in the substation, such as short circuits and grounding faults, along with information on the fault type, time, and location, providing a basis for fault analysis and handling. The self-healing action process log tracks and records the automatic self-healing actions executed by the system when a fault occurs, including fault detection, isolation, and recovery steps, allowing users to understand the system's self-healing mechanism and effectiveness. The self-healing result analysis function evaluates and analyzes the results of the self-healing actions, determining whether the self-healing was successful and the degree of impact on the substation.

[0129] The display method combines lists and graphics. The list format clearly shows information such as fault event records, self-healing process records, and self-healing result analysis, making it convenient for users to query and compare. The combination of text and graphics allows relevant graphics or pictures to be inserted into the list. For example, the location of the fault can be marked on a map, and the self-healing process can be shown with a diagram, enhancing the intuitiveness and readability of the information.

[0130] Medium-voltage data interaction module 1238: Enables data interaction with the medium-voltage system, achieving collaborative management of the entire power system.

[0131] See Figure 10 The medium-voltage data interaction module serves as a crucial channel for data exchange between the platform and the medium-voltage system, providing strong support for the comprehensive management of the distribution area. Its main display content includes medium-voltage fault event logs, recording fault occurrences in the medium-voltage system, including fault type, time, and location, allowing users to promptly understand the impact of the medium-voltage system on the distribution area. The medium-voltage self-healing action result viewing function allows users to understand the self-healing action results of the medium-voltage system when a fault occurs, assessing the reliability and stability of the medium-voltage system.

[0132] The display method combines lists and text. The list format concisely and clearly presents information such as medium-pressure fault event records and medium-pressure self-healing action results, facilitating quick browsing and querying for users. The text descriptions provide detailed explanations and analyses of the information in the lists, enabling users to better understand the medium-pressure data interaction process.

[0133] In this embodiment of the invention, the front-end user interface 103 includes:

[0134] Power grid operation display module 131: Displays the power grid's operating status in an intuitive way, providing decision-makers with a global view.

[0135] Cockpit Module 132: Provides a more personalized monitoring and management interface, making it easier for users to operate and make decisions.

[0136] Alarm Information Module 133: Promptly issue alarm information for faults and abnormal situations to remind users to take appropriate measures.

[0137] DT Digital Twin Module 134: Provides support for optimization and decision-making through virtual simulation of physical systems using digital twin technology.

[0138] The front-end user interface includes mobile and web versions: the system's front-end is divided into mobile and web versions, providing users with flexible access methods. Users can access the system through mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets, or through computer browsers. Both the mobile and web versions use the HTTP protocol to request backend service interfaces.

[0139] After receiving a request from the frontend, the backend service queries the database and performs the corresponding business processing. Based on the request type and parameters, the backend service retrieves the necessary data from a MySQL database or Redis and processes it. For example, for a request to query device status, the backend service retrieves the latest device data from the database, organizes and formats it so that the frontend can display it correctly.

[0140] This invention achieves comprehensive management and display of device data through data acquisition at the underlying gateway, data transmission and processing in the middle, and a user interface at the front end. All components collaborate to provide users with efficient and accurate services.

[0141] After the backend service completes its business processing, it returns the data to the frontend. The frontend then displays the received data, providing users with intuitive information. For example, on mobile or web interfaces, users can see the device's real-time status, alarm information, and more.

[0142] The self-healing controller 121 for transformer substations proposed in this invention includes:

[0143] The system includes a controller, a power module, a communication module, a storage module, a reset module, and an interface module. The input terminal of the controller is connected to the device acquisition module. The controller is also connected to the communication module, the storage module, and the interface module. The reset module is connected to the input terminal of the controller, and the power module is connected to the controller.

[0144] The self-healing controller for distribution areas is a scalable, upgradeable, configurable embedded communication and data processing platform based on a hierarchical distributed Ethernet structure. It conforms to the IEC61850 standard, is plug-and-play, and features intelligent configuration. It can be used as an edge computing device for demand-side management and distribution networks in smart grids, as well as an embedded communication gateway for applications such as smart buildings, smart city transportation, smart environmental protection, rail transit, and the industrial internet.

[0145] The controller uses an embedded industrial control core board, see [link / reference] Figure 11 Equipped with a high-performance 528MHz ARM Cortex-A7 32-bit microcontroller, it provides fast data processing and smooth interface switching. The device features 8 UARTs, 2 USB OTGs, up to 2 CAN-bus interfaces, and 2 Ethernet interfaces, providing a powerful industrial control communication interface.

[0146] The self-healing controller for distribution areas provides two independent IP network ports and eight RS232 / 485 serial ports for independent operation, meeting the application requirements of small-scale, low-cost distribution network edge computing gateways. It can form a highly reliable system with dual-machine, multi-machine redundancy, or concurrent operation. It employs a 32-bit Cortex-A7 processor (528MHz operating frequency), 128 / 256MByte DDR3 memory, 128 / 256MByte Nand Flash, and a high-performance Linux embedded system as the CPU of the main processor module, enabling various high-speed communications and large-volume data processing. It supports IRIG-B and PPS clock synchronization input, IEEE1588 (PTP), NTP, and SNTP network clock synchronization. It can be expanded with WiFi, GPRS, and 4G / 5G mobile network transmission interfaces. It complies with IEC and IEEE standards for safety protection performance of control equipment operating in high-voltage and strong magnetic field environments, and can be installed and operated indoors / outdoors at temperatures ranging from -40℃ to 70℃, offering maintenance-free and highly reliable performance.

[0147] The controller core board integrates the power supply, reset monitoring circuit, and storage circuit into a compact module, requiring very simple external circuitry. For example... Figure 11 As shown, a minimal system can be formed with only a 5V power supply, a reset button, and a startup configuration.

[0148] The core board of the boot configuration circuit reserves four pins—BOOT_MODE0, BOOT_MODE1, BT_CFG1_6, and BT_CFG1_7—as boot configuration pins. The M6G2C core board boots from NAND Flash by default. The M6G2C series core board boot configuration reference circuit is as follows: Figure 12 As shown.

[0149] See Figure 13a and Figure 13bSince the average current of the core board during normal operation is around 110mA, but the peak current during startup may reach 130mA, a power supply of 1A or higher is used to ensure a certain margin and stable and reliable operation of the system, and considering the relatively large power consumption at power-on after prolonged storage at low temperatures. Insufficient power supply would prevent the system from starting; therefore, the rectifier bridge D1 prevents reverse insertion of the power supply, avoiding damage to the product. In the entire power module, the 5V power supply to the core board is powered on first, followed by enabling the 3.3V power supply. To ensure the accuracy of the output voltage, resistors R8 and R10 use a precision of 1% or higher.

[0150] See Figure 14 The communication module uses a dual 10M / 100M Ethernet controller, with the DP83848 being a 100M Ethernet PHY that operates on a 3.3V power supply. To ensure stable Ethernet communication, the PCB traces connecting the DP83848 and the M6G2C core board require equal-length routing.

[0151] See Figure 15 The storage module uses an SD / MMC card, which is a high-capacity, cost-effective, small-sized storage card with a simple access interface. It features low power consumption, non-volatility, and no energy consumption for data storage. The SD card interface is backward compatible with MMC cards; the SPI protocol and some commands for accessing SD cards are also applicable to MMC cards. SD / MMC cards can be accessed via either the SD bus mode or the SPI bus mode.

[0152] See Figure 16 The core board integrates a watchdog reset function. If no watchdog timer is fed within 1.6 seconds, the hardware watchdog will forcibly reset the processor, ensuring the system can recover automatically in the event of an unexpected crash. As shown in the figure, the watchdog is enabled when JP6 is left floating; it is disabled when JP6 is shorted. The core board's reset input pin is connected to the watchdog chip; pressing a button resets the watchdog directly. Additionally, the core board also provides an nRST_OUT pin for reset output. This signal is the same as the processor's reset signal and can be used to reset external devices, allowing simultaneous resets of both. If not needed, it can be left floating.

[0153] This invention also proposes a low-voltage self-healing control method for distribution networks based on medium- and low-voltage coordination, comprising:

[0154] Step S1: Collect the operating parameters of the power distribution system through the equipment data acquisition module, including power distribution information of the distribution cabinet, low-voltage circuit connection status, remote switch control signals and power metering data;

[0155] Step S2: The data transmission and processing module preprocesses the collected data and generates topology analysis results;

[0156] Step S3: The front-end user interface visually displays the power grid operation status and self-healing control commands output by the data transmission and processing module.

[0157] In this embodiment of the invention, the first-end interconnected low-voltage self-healing technology is described below. Figure 17 By modifying the existing transformer outgoing main switch and each branch switch, the self-healing gateway can uniformly control them. Within seconds of a fault occurring, the self-healing gateway can issue commands to control the relevant switches to perform opening and closing operations.

[0158] See the strategy set for head self-healing. Figure 18 When the transformer substation is operating normally, if a self-healing trigger event is detected, it checks whether it is a medium-voltage fault. If it is not a medium-voltage fault, self-healing is initiated. The event type of the main switch is determined. If it is a manual trip, the self-healing process is described, the manual trip is reported, and the transformer substation is reset. If it is a short-circuit fault, self-healing ends, the short-circuit fault is reported, and the transformer substation is reset. If it is an overload fault, the main switch is closed after the recovery time is waited. If the main switch overload trips again during the observation period, the branch switches are opened. If the main switch overload trips do not occur again, self-healing ends, the self-healing result is reported, and the transformer substation is reset.

[0159] When a medium-voltage fault occurs, wait for the medium-voltage self-healing to complete. If the medium-voltage self-healing is completed but the medium-voltage fault has not been resolved, determine whether the fault waiting time has exceeded the limit. If it has exceeded the limit, remotely open the main switch, control the branch switches to open, remotely close the tie switch, and the self-healing ends, resetting the transformer area.

[0160] Among them, 1. Self-healing trigger events include a) loss of voltage on the main switch power supply side, b) loss of voltage on the main switch load side. The loss of voltage range can be 35%~75% of the rated voltage, with a default of 50% of the rated voltage; 2. Medium-voltage faults can be detected by returning the medium-voltage fault indication from the main station, thereby determining whether it is a medium-voltage fault; 3. The main switch event type can be read from the main switch. If the main switch does not have intelligent functions, it defaults to an overload fault; 4. After waiting for the recovery event, this time can be modified, with a default value of 300s; 5. Control the branch switch to trip. Assuming the rated current of the main switch is 800A (which can be set in advance), there are 4 branch switches. Before the trip, the current values ​​of each switch are 500 / 300 / 200 / 100. Then, the branch switches 3 and 4 should be controlled to trip. If the main switch trips again due to overload, the branch switch 2 should be controlled to trip. The self-healing process should be terminated directly, and the self-healing status (self-healing switch resources exhausted) should be reported. 6. Report self-healing results. Required information includes whether self-healing was successful, the number of times the main switch tripped, and the branch switches that have already tripped. 7. Wait for medium-voltage self-healing to complete. The self-healing controller reads the main station's medium-voltage self-healing information every 2 seconds. A medium-voltage fault success indication is provided. If medium-voltage self-healing is complete, the following logic continues. 8. Has the medium-voltage fault been recovered? After detecting that medium-voltage self-healing has completed, the self-healing controller also needs to check if there is voltage on the main switch power supply side. If there is voltage, the medium-voltage fault is considered recovered, and low-voltage self-healing is not initiated. 9. Fault waiting time. After determining a medium-voltage fault, the self-healing controller should enter... The default fault waiting time is 600 seconds. If this time is exceeded, the low-voltage self-healing will be activated directly. 10. Control branch switch to open. Before the tie switch is closed, the self-healing controller should select the branch that can be restored to power supply based on the load status of each branch at the moment before the power outage (if the backup area capacity is sufficient, all branches can be restored). The branch switches of the remaining unselected branches should be controlled to open. 11. Area reset. The self-healing controller has an area reset detection function (manual triggering required). After detection, if all switches are found to be in their corresponding normal positions, they can be reset; otherwise, they will not be reset.

[0161] See Figure 19 The first application scenario for the first-end interconnected low-voltage self-healing technology is:

[0162] When two interconnected distribution transformers are located in close proximity (within 20m) or in the same distribution room, a single self-healing gateway is used to implement low-voltage self-healing logic. This gateway collects data from all switches and performs edge self-healing logic calculations, ultimately issuing control commands to achieve low-voltage self-healing.

[0163] See Figure 20 The second application scenario for the first-end interconnected low-voltage self-healing technology is:

[0164] When two interconnected transformer substations are geographically far apart (greater than 100m), two self-healing gateways are used to implement low-voltage self-healing logic. One self-healing gateway is mainly used for self-healing logic calculation and data acquisition and command issuance for transformer substation #1, while the other gateway is responsible for communicating with gateway 1 and realizing data acquisition and command issuance for transformer substation #2.

[0165] See Figure 21 The main modification of the terminal interconnection type low-voltage self-healing technology involves installing a low-voltage self-healing switch box on a branch line of two transformer substations. After the modification, when a fault occurs at a point on the branch line, the low-voltage self-healing switch box will automatically locate and isolate the fault, and restore power to the non-faulty area within a short time.

[0166] See the strategy set for end-point low-voltage self-healing technology. Figure 22 When the transformer substation is operating normally, if a self-healing trigger event is detected, self-healing is initiated. The trip type is determined. If it is an overload trip, the system waits for the recovery time and then controls the trip switch to close. During the observation period, if a trip occurs again, the self-healing ends. If the trip type is determined to be a non-short-circuit trip, the system checks whether the trip switch is adjacent to the tie switch. If so, the self-healing ends, and a report is submitted indicating no self-healing conditions. If the trip switch and the tie switch are not adjacent, the system controls the next switch after the trip switch to open, controls the tie switch to close, and the self-healing ends. The system then enters a waiting-to-reset state, completing the transformer substation reset.

[0167] Among them, 1. Self-healing trigger event without segmented switch tripping; 2. Tripping within the observation period will continue the self-healing process. If the observation period is exceeded, it should be regarded as a new low-voltage fault, and the low-voltage self-healing process should be restarted; 3. Waiting for reset state means that if a new low-voltage fault occurs after entering this state, it will not be processed; 4. Area reset means that the self-healing controller has the detection function of area reset (manual triggering is required). After detection, if it is found that the switches are all in the corresponding normal positions, they can be reset; otherwise, they will not be reset.

[0168] Furthermore, although the operations of the method of the present invention are described in a specific order in the accompanying drawings, this does not require or imply that these operations must be performed in that specific order, or that all the operations shown must be performed to achieve the desired result. Additionally or alternatively, certain steps may be omitted, multiple steps may be combined into one step, and / or one step may be broken down into multiple steps.

Claims

1. A low-voltage self-healing control system for distribution networks based on medium- and low-voltage coordination, characterized in that, include: The equipment data acquisition module is configured to collect operating parameters of the power distribution system, including power distribution information of the distribution cabinet, low-voltage circuit connection status, remote switch control signals and power metering data; The data transmission and processing module has a data interface that communicates with the device's data acquisition module, and is used to preprocess the acquired data and generate topology analysis results; The front-end user interface is configured to visually display the power grid operation status and self-healing control commands output by the data transmission and processing module; The device data acquisition module includes: The power distribution cabinet data acquisition module is used to collect information from the power distribution cabinet and obtain power distribution information from the power distribution cabinet. Low-voltage interconnection switch is used for interconnection and switching control between different low-voltage circuits; Intelligent circuit breakers are used for remote control interfaces and status feedback circuits; Electricity meters are used to measure electricity usage data and provide real-time data feedback. The data transmission and processing module includes: The self-healing controller for the transformer area is used to receive data information collected by the equipment data acquisition module and send out pre-processed information. The storage module is used to store data and preprocessed information; The data processing module is used to analyze and process data to form preprocessed information; The data processing module includes: Historical data management module: manages and analyzes historical data stored in the data storage layer of the platform layer, providing a basis for decision-making; Location management module: Enables the management of device location information, and facilitates device positioning and maintenance; Fault simulation module: By simulating various fault conditions, it helps users to conduct fault analysis and formulate emergency plans; the fault simulation module displays content including medium and low voltage fault simulation settings, allowing users to set medium and low voltage fault scenarios according to actual needs to test the system's self-healing ability and performance. Platform configuration management module: used to configure and manage various parameters at the platform layer; Transformer Area Operation Monitoring Module: Monitors the operating status of the transformer area in real time, including voltage, current, and power; Transformer Area Topology Management Module: Manages the topology of transformer areas, performs network planning, and troubleshoots. Self-healing action management module: Automatically triggers self-healing actions when a system failure occurs; Medium-voltage data interaction module: Enables data interaction with the medium-voltage system, achieving collaborative management of the entire power system; The self-healing controller for the transformer area includes: The system includes a controller, a power module, a communication module, a storage module, a reset module, and an interface module. The input terminal of the controller is connected to the device acquisition module. The controller is also connected to the communication module, the storage module, and the interface module. The reset module is connected to the input terminal of the controller, and the power module is connected to the controller. When a system malfunctions, a self-healing action is automatically triggered, specifically as follows: When a self-healing trigger event is detected during normal operation of the transformer area, it checks whether the fault is a medium-voltage fault. If it is not a medium-voltage fault, self-healing is initiated. The event type of the main switch is determined. If it is a manual trip, self-healing ends, the manual trip is reported, and the transformer area is reset. If it is a short-circuit fault, self-healing ends, the short-circuit fault is reported, and the transformer area is reset. If it is an overload fault, the main switch is controlled to close after the recovery time. If the main switch overload trips again during the observation period, the branch switches are controlled to trip. If the main switch overload trips do not occur again, self-healing ends, the self-healing result is reported, and the transformer area is reset. When a medium-voltage fault occurs, wait for the medium-voltage self-healing to complete. If the medium-voltage self-healing is completed but the medium-voltage fault has not been resolved, determine whether the fault waiting time has exceeded the limit. If it has exceeded the limit, remotely open the main switch, control the branch switches to open, remotely close the tie switch, and the self-healing ends, resetting the transformer area.

2. The low-voltage self-healing control system for distribution networks based on medium- and low-voltage coordination according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data transmission and processing module further includes: The gateway is used to communicate with the equipment information acquisition module to collect information about power distribution network equipment. The communication module sends data to the MQTT server via 4G communication using the MQTT protocol.

3. The low-voltage self-healing control system for distribution networks based on medium- and low-voltage coordination according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front-end user interface includes: Visualization engine: Used to display the operating status of the power grid, providing decision-makers with a global view; Virtual display console: Provides a personalized monitoring and management interface, making it convenient for users to operate and make decisions; Alarm control terminal: promptly issues alarm information for faults and abnormal situations, reminding users to take appropriate measures; DT Digital Twin Simulator: Provides support for optimization and decision-making through virtual simulation of physical systems using digital twin technology.

4. A low-voltage self-healing control system for distribution networks based on medium- and low-voltage coordination according to claim 3, characterized in that, The controller uses a 528MHz ARM Cortex-A7 32-bit microcontroller.

5. A low-voltage self-healing control method for distribution networks based on medium- and low-voltage coordination, characterized in that, A low-voltage self-healing control system for distribution networks based on medium- and low-voltage coordination, as described in any one of claims 1-4, includes: The equipment data acquisition module collects the operating parameters of the power distribution system, including power distribution information of the distribution cabinet, low-voltage circuit connection status, remote switch control signals and power metering data. The data transmission and processing module preprocesses the collected data and generates topology analysis results; The front-end user interface visually displays the power grid operation status and self-healing control commands output by the data transmission and processing module.

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