Special medicine fertilizer of metalaxyl-m and azoxystrobin and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a special medicine fertilizer of metalaxyl-M and azoxystrobin, and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of special medicine fertilizers. The special medicine fertilizer of metalaxyl-M and azoxystrobin is composed of the following components in percentage by weight: 0.1-2% of metalaxyl-M, 0.1-2% of azoxystrobin, 1-10% of fungicide metabolite, 0.5-1.5% of sophorose lipid, 0.2-3% of ethylene glycol, 5-20% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, 0.1-2% of calcium, 0.1-2% of magnesium, and the balance of water-soluble organic matter filler. The fungicide metabolite and the sophorose lipid prepared by the specific method are synergistic with the metalaxyl-M and the azoxystrobin, so that the purpose of reducing the application amount of the pesticide fertilizer and increasing the efficiency is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of special pesticide fertilizer technology, specifically providing a special pesticide fertilizer containing metalaxyl-M and pyraclostrobin, as well as its preparation method and application. Background Technology

[0002] Metalaxyl is a phenylamide systemic fungicide and a highly effective isomer of metalaxyl. It has a good control effect on diseases of vegetables, fruit trees, tobacco, oil crops, cotton, grains and Chinese herbal medicines caused by lower fungi such as downy mildew, Phytophthora, and Pythium.

[0003] Azoxystrobin is a methoxyacrylate systemic fungicide that is highly effective and broad-spectrum, effective against almost all higher and lower fungal diseases. It can be used for foliar spraying or soil treatment.

[0004] Specialty fertilizers are an innovative upgrade from granulated pesticides, and there are already reports on specialty fertilizers in existing technologies. One approach involves preparing specialty fertilizers as slow-release formulations (such as CN113372163A), allowing crops to slowly release pesticide and fertilizer components, extending the duration of action and achieving the goal of reduced application and increased efficiency. Another approach involves adding human anti-tumor drugs and traditional Chinese medicines that interfere with the RNA synthesis of plant pathogens to granulated fertilizers (such as CN116172021A) to kill pathogens and reduce their resistance, thereby reducing application and increasing efficiency. However, the second approach to reducing application and increasing efficiency has certain problems. The systemic properties and retention period of human drugs in crops are unclear, posing potential risks of bioaccumulation in the food chain and food safety. Direct application of human antibiotics to the soil also poses soil and runoff pollution problems.

[0005] Unlike human drugs, agricultural microbial inoculants are widely accepted in agriculture due to their safety and effectiveness. They possess the ability to secrete antibiotic-like substances and various active enzymes, inhibiting or killing pathogens, reducing disease incidence, and enhancing crop resistance. They can also effectively prevent physiological diseases in crops. Furthermore, they secrete active substances such as cytokinins and auxins, stimulating, regulating, and promoting crop growth and development, thus increasing crop yield. It is evident that the metabolites secreted by microbial inoculants in the field play a crucial role in controlling rhizosphere diseases and promoting crop yield and resistance. However, the coexistence of agricultural microbial inoculants with pesticides (pesticide components have inhibitory and inactivating effects on microbial inoculants) remains a challenge in the industry. Additionally, the resource utilization of metabolites from microbial inoculant fermentation needs further breakthroughs, as direct discharge has environmental impacts. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a special pesticide fertilizer containing metalaxyl and pyraclostrobin, along with its preparation method and application. The invention utilizes fungal metabolites and sophorolipids in synergistic action with pesticide components to control rhizosphere diseases in crops (inhibiting or killing pathogens), achieving the goal of reducing pesticide application while increasing efficiency. Furthermore, it can synergize with fertilizer components, which, while containing the nutrients required by crops, can also improve the absorption and utilization rate of fertilizer components through active substances, promoting crop growth and yield, thus achieving the goal of reducing fertilizer application while increasing efficiency.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0008] On one hand, the present invention provides a special medicated fertilizer containing metalaxyl and azoxystrobin, which is composed of the following components by weight percentage: metalaxyl 0.1~2%, azoxystrobin 0.1~2%, fungal metabolites 1~10%, sophorolipid 0.5~1.5%, ethylene glycol 0.2~3%, fertilizer 5.2~24%, and the balance being water-soluble organic filler; wherein the water-soluble organic filler is potassium humate.

[0009] The fertilizer contains 2.5-10% nitrogen, 2.5-10% phosphorus and potassium, 0.1-2% calcium, and 0.1-2% magnesium.

[0010] The nitrogen fertilizer is urea, the phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the calcium fertilizer is calcium nitrate, and the magnesium fertilizer is magnesium sulfate.

[0011] The microbial metabolites are prepared by the following method:

[0012] Step 1: After activating the conidia of *Trichoderma harzianum*, inoculate and culture them to obtain seed culture. Add the seed culture to sterilized fermentation medium at a weight percentage of 7% of the fermentation medium for fermentation. The fermentation conditions are: temperature 28-30℃, aeration rate 0.5-1.0 vvm, stirring speed 150-200 rpm, and culture for 3-7 days to obtain *Trichoderma harzianum* fermentation broth. The fermentation medium consists of: sucrose 2.5-3.5 g / L, peptone 0.5-1.5 g / L, yeast extract 0.5-1.0 g / L, ammonium sulfate 0.2-0.8 g / L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 0.35-1.0 g / L, sodium dihydrogen phosphate 0.35-1.0 g / L, calcium carbonate 0.25-0.60 g / L, and pH 7.0-7.5.

[0013] Step 2: The above fermentation broth is filtered through a 0.22μm filter membrane to obtain the filtrate;

[0014] Step 3: Concentrate the above filtrate under reduced pressure at 40-45℃, and then freeze-dry it to obtain powdered metabolites;

[0015] Step 4: Mix the above-mentioned powdered metabolite with ascorbic acid and sodium lignosulfonate evenly; the amount of ascorbic acid added is 1% of the weight of the powdered metabolite, and the amount of sodium lignosulfonate added is 2% of the weight of the powdered metabolite;

[0016] Step 5: Mix the above mixture with water to obtain a bacterial metabolite with a concentration of 1~10wt%.

[0017] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a special medicated fertilizer containing metalaxyl and pyraclostrobin, comprising:

[0018] (1) Prepare microbial metabolites using the above method;

[0019] (2) Mix the fungal metabolites, sophorolipids and ethylene glycol evenly, then add metalaxyl and mix evenly;

[0020] (3) Add pyraclostrobin and fertilizer to step (2), mix well, and obtain a mixture;

[0021] (4) Add water-soluble organic filler to the drum, then add the mixture while it is rotating, and then dry it at a temperature of 50~60℃ and cool it down with counter-current cold air at 15~20℃.

[0022] Furthermore, this invention also provides a special fertilizer containing the aforementioned metalaxyl and pyraclostrobin for the control of soil-borne diseases in crops in field crops, cash crop areas, and traditional Chinese medicinal herb areas. Specifically, the special fertilizer is applied directly by broadcasting or dissolved in water for fertigation, and the dosage is 2-10 kg / mu.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] In this invention, the microbial metabolites are more stable than the mixture of microbial agents with pesticides and fertilizers, have stronger adaptability to the field environment, and the functional substances they contain can quickly exert their effects of preventing and controlling crop pathogens, providing nutrients for crop growth, improving fertilizer absorption and utilization, and promoting crop growth without the need for a break period, thus achieving the goal of reducing pesticide and fertilizer application and increasing efficiency.

[0025] Meanwhile, the microbial metabolites contain sugars and other substances that act as binders, assisting in granulation. This eliminates the need for traditional polymeric binders (which are difficult to degrade in soil or require suitable microorganisms, temperature, and humidity for slow degradation), reducing environmental pollution and saving production costs. Furthermore, a low-temperature drying process is used during granulation to maximize the preservation of nutrient activity and improve the absorption and utilization rate of fertilizer components.

[0026] Meanwhile, this invention introduces a bio-fermented surfactant, sophorolipid, which is environmentally friendly and non-toxic, 100% biodegradable, heat-resistant, salt-resistant, and has a wide pH range. As a pesticide adjuvant, it can effectively facilitate the dissolution and leaching of pesticide components such as metalaxyl and pyraclostrobin, while fixing pesticide and fertilizer components around the root base, preventing leaching, and enabling efficient absorption and utilization of pesticides and nutrients by plant roots, reducing leaching losses, improving the absorption and utilization rate of pesticides and fertilizers, and thus promoting the reduction of pesticide and fertilizer application while increasing efficiency.

[0027] Therefore, this invention integrates metalaxyl, pyraclostrobin, sophorolipid, and fungal metabolites into a special fertilizer with synergistic effects. It is easy to apply (can be broadcast or fertigation) and can be used in various crop application scenarios in farmland to prevent soil-borne crop diseases, reduce pesticide and fertilizer application, and increase efficiency. It is an integrated product that combines smart plant protection, green plant protection, and high-efficiency plant protection, saving costs and increasing efficiency, promoting seedling and root growth, improving crop growth and quality, and thus increasing crop yield and income. It has important theoretical guidance and practical field application value. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, a detailed description will be given below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0029] Unless otherwise specified, all reagents and materials used in the examples and comparative examples are commercially available.

[0030] This invention provides a special medicated fertilizer containing metalaxyl and pyraclostrobin, along with their preparation method and application. Specific embodiments are as follows.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] A special fertilizer containing metalaxyl and azoxystrobin is composed of the following components by weight percentage: metalaxyl 0.3%, azoxystrobin 0.5%, fungal metabolites 5%, sophorolipid 0.6%, ethylene glycol 2%, urea 10%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 10%, calcium nitrate 1%, magnesium sulfate 1%, and the balance being potassium humate.

[0033] The preparation methods of the above-mentioned special pesticide fertilizers containing metalaxyl and azoxystrobin include:

[0034] (1) Prepare microbial metabolites using the following method:

[0035] Step 11: After activating the conidia of *Trichoderma harzianum*, inoculation and culture were carried out to obtain seed culture. Specifically, 0.2 g of *Trichoderma harzianum* conidia were inoculated onto a PDA plate for activation and cultured at 26℃ for 3 days. Then, the *Trichoderma harzianum* conidia on the PDA plate were inoculated into *Trichoderma harzianum* seed culture medium, which included: 1.8% sucrose, 1.6% peptone, 0.04% ammonium sulfate, 0.002% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2% yeast extract, and 0.1% wheat bran. The culture was then carried out at 28℃ and 160 rpm for 46 hours to obtain the seed culture for later use.

[0036] The seed culture was added to the sterilized fermentation medium at a rate of 7% of the weight of the fermentation medium for fermentation. The fermentation conditions were: temperature 28℃, aeration rate of 0.5 vvm, stirring speed of 150 rpm, and culture for 7 days to obtain the Trichoderma harzianum fermentation broth. The fermentation medium consisted of: 2.8 g / L sucrose, 1.5 g / L peptone, 0.5 g / L yeast extract, 0.3 g / L ammonium sulfate, 0.40 g / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.40 g / L sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.4 g / L calcium carbonate, with a pH of 7.0–7.5.

[0037] Step 12: The above fermentation broth is filtered through a 0.22μm filter membrane to obtain filtrate;

[0038] Step 13: Concentrate the above filtrate under reduced pressure at 40-45℃, and then freeze-dry it to obtain a powdered metabolite;

[0039] Step 14: Mix the above-mentioned powdered metabolite with ascorbic acid and sodium lignosulfonate evenly; the amount of ascorbic acid added is 1% of the weight of the powdered metabolite, and the amount of sodium lignosulfonate added is 2% of the weight of the powdered metabolite;

[0040] Step 15: Mix the above mixture with water to obtain a 5 wt% concentration of bacterial metabolite;

[0041] (2) Mix the fungal metabolites, sophorolipids and ethylene glycol evenly, then add metalaxyl and mix evenly;

[0042] (3) Add pyraclostrobin and fertilizer to step (2), mix well, and obtain a mixture;

[0043] (4) Add potassium humate to the drum, and then add the mixture while it is rotating; then dry at 50°C and cool down with counter-current cold air at 15°C to obtain special fertilizer.

[0044] To further illustrate the beneficial effects of the present invention, the following comparative examples were constructed.

[0045] Comparative Example 1

[0046] In this comparative example, sophorolipids were replaced with an equal mass of potassium humate, and the other conditions were the same as in Example 1.

[0047] Comparative Example 2

[0048] In this comparative example, sophorolipids were replaced with an equal mass of trehalose, and the other conditions were the same as in Example 1.

[0049] Comparative Example 3

[0050] In this comparative example, the fungal agent metabolites were replaced with Trichoderma harzianum of equal mass and concentration, and the other conditions were the same as in Example 1.

[0051] Comparative Example 4

[0052] In this comparative example, the bacterial agent metabolites were replaced with an equal mass of potassium humate, and the other conditions were the same as in Example 1.

[0053] Comparative Example 5

[0054] In this comparative example, ascorbic acid in step 14 was omitted during the preparation of the bacterial agent metabolites, and the remaining conditions were the same as in Example 1.

[0055] Comparative Example 6

[0056] In this comparative example, sodium lignosulfonate in step 14 was omitted during the preparation of the microbial agent metabolites, and the remaining conditions were the same as in Example 1.

[0057] Comparative Example 7

[0058] A metalaxyl-M and azoxystrobin composition comprises the following components by weight percentage: 0.3% metalaxyl-M technical, 0.5% azoxystrobin technical, 2% N,N-dimethylformamide, and 97.2% brick slag;

[0059] The above composition is prepared by the following method:

[0060] (1) First, dissolve the technical grade of metalaxyl and azoxystrobin in 2% N,N-dimethylformamide organic solvent and stir well for later use;

[0061] (2) Add brick slag to the drum, and add the above-mentioned metalaxyl and pyraclostrobin mixed solution while rotating to make the brick slag particles adsorb evenly; then dry at 50℃ and cool down with counter-current cold air at 15℃.

[0062] Field experiments were conducted on the products prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-7 to control damping-off disease in peppers. The application method was as follows: 3-5 kg ​​of the 0.8% metalaxyl-pyraclostrobin prepared in Example 1 or Comparative Examples 1-7 was mixed with 15 kg of compound fertilizer (the compound fertilizer contained 15% nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium), and then applied by spreading. Peppers were then planted on raised beds. A blank control was prepared by applying only compound fertilizer. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0063] Table 1

[0064]

[0065] As shown in Table 1, the special fertilizer and pesticide integrating metalaxyl-M, pyraclostrobin, sophorolipid and fungal metabolites in this invention can achieve high efficacy with a small amount of dosage, thus achieving the goal of reducing dosage and increasing yield.

[0066] Compared with Comparative Examples 1-4, the introduction of fungal metabolites and sophorolipids synergistically enhanced the disease control effects of metalaxyl and pyraclostrobin, effectively improving the control effect. At the same time, the metabolites contain active substances that provide nutrients for crop growth, improve fertilizer absorption and utilization, and promote crop growth, effectively promoting crop growth and thus increasing yield. This achieves the goal of reducing pesticide and fertilizer application while increasing efficiency, helping farmers save time and effort, reduce costs, and increase income.

[0067] Compared with Comparative Examples 5-6, the addition of ascorbic acid and sodium lignosulfonate during the preparation of the fungal agent metabolites in this invention can improve the stability of the fungal agent metabolites, thereby further enhancing their synergistic effect with metalaxyl, pyraclostrobin and sophorolipid.

[0068] Field experiments were conducted on the products prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-7 to control black shank disease in flue-cured tobacco. 2-3 kg of the 0.8% metalaxyl-pyraclostrobin·azoxystrobin prepared in Example 1 or Comparative Examples 1-7 was mixed with 15 kg of compound fertilizer (containing 15% nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) and applied in planting holes before transplanting flue-cured tobacco seedlings. A control group using only compound fertilizer was used. The results are shown in Table 2.

[0069] Table 2

[0070]

[0071] The field experiments described above show that the special pesticide fertilizer integrating metalaxyl-M, pyraclostrobin, sophorolipid, and fungal metabolites in the embodiments of the present invention is superior to the comparative example in both control effect and yield.

[0072] Furthermore, the microbial metabolites in this invention contain sugars, which can replace traditional polymeric binders for granulation, avoiding the use of recalcitrant or difficult-to-degrade polymeric compounds and reducing soil pollution. Simultaneously, the use of microbial metabolites solves the resource utilization problem of microbial metabolites from upstream microbial fermentation plants, promoting green and environmentally friendly, intelligent application and contributing to "green" and healthy soil, thus possessing significant environmental and practical application value.

[0073] In summary, the present invention utilizes a specific method to prepare fungal metabolites, sophorolipids, and metalaxyl and pyraclostrobin in a synergistic effect, thereby improving the control effect and achieving the goal of reducing pesticide and fertilizer application while increasing efficiency.

[0074] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A special pesticide fertilizer containing metalaxyl and pyraclostrobin, characterized in that, It is composed of the following components by weight percentage: metalaxyl-M 0.1-2%, azoxystrobin 0.1-2%, fungicide metabolites 1-10%, sophorolipid 0.5-1.5%, ethylene glycol 0.2-3%, fertilizer 5.2-24%, and the balance being water-soluble organic filler; the water-soluble organic filler is potassium humate; The fertilizer contains 2.5-10% nitrogen, 2.5-10% phosphorus and potassium, 0.1-2% calcium, and 0.1-2% magnesium. Wherein, the nitrogen fertilizer is urea, the phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the calcium fertilizer is calcium nitrate, and the magnesium fertilizer is magnesium sulfate; The microbial metabolites are prepared by the following method: Step 1: After activating the conidia of *Trichoderma harzianum*, inoculate and culture them to obtain a seed culture. Add the seed culture to a sterilized fermentation medium at a rate of 7% of the weight of the fermentation medium to obtain *Trichoderma harzianum* fermentation broth. The fermentation medium consists of: 2.5-3.5 g / L sucrose, 0.5-1.5 g / L peptone, 0.5-1.0 g / L yeast extract, 0.2-0.8 g / L ammonium sulfate, 0.35-1.0 g / L potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.35-1.0 g / L sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and 0.25-0.60 g / L calcium carbonate, with a pH of 7.0-7.

5. Step 2: The above fermentation broth is filtered through a filter membrane to obtain filtrate; Step 3: Concentrate the above filtrate under reduced pressure at 40-45℃, and then freeze-dry it to obtain powdered metabolites; Step 4: Mix the above-mentioned powdered metabolite with ascorbic acid and sodium lignosulfonate evenly; the amount of ascorbic acid added is 1% of the weight of the powdered metabolite, and the amount of sodium lignosulfonate added is 2% of the weight of the powdered metabolite; Step 5: Mix the above mixture with water to obtain a bacterial metabolite with a concentration of 1~10wt%.

2. The special pesticide fertilizer containing metalaxyl and pyraclostrobin according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 1, the fermentation conditions are: temperature 28~30℃, aeration rate 0.5~1.0 vvm, stirring speed 150~200 rpm, and culture time 3~7 days.

3. The method for preparing the special pesticide fertilizer containing metalaxyl and pyraclostrobin according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, include: (1) Preparation of microbial metabolites; (2) Mix the fungal metabolites, sophorolipids and ethylene glycol evenly, then add metalaxyl and mix evenly; (3) Add pyraclostrobin and fertilizer to step (2), mix well, and obtain a mixture; (4) Add water-soluble organic filler to the drum, then add the above mixture while it is rotating, and then dry it at a temperature of 50~60℃ and cool it down with counter-current cold air at 15~20℃.

4. The application of the special pesticide fertilizer of metalaxyl-M and pyraclostrobin as described in claim 1 or 2 in the prevention and control of soil-borne diseases of crops in field crops, cash crop areas and traditional Chinese medicinal herb areas.

5. The application according to claim 4, characterized in that, The special fertilizer can be applied by direct application or by dissolving it in water and applying it through irrigation.

6. The application according to claim 5, characterized in that, The application rate of the special fertilizer is 2-10 kg / mu.

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