Activated carbon adsorption and nitrogen desorption device for electrolyte waste gas

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of industrial waste gas treatment, in particular to an electrolyte waste gas activated carbon adsorption and nitrogen desorption device which comprises an activated carbon adsorption mechanism, the activated carbon adsorption mechanism is connected with a nitrogen blowing desorption mechanism, the nitrogen blowing desorption mechanism is connected with a steam heating mechanism, and the steam heating mechanism is connected with an auxiliary heat exchange mechanism; the nitrogen for desorption is preheated by the high-temperature waste gas before entering the heating box, waste heat in the waste gas is absorbed, energy consumption needed by the heating box for heating the nitrogen to the desorption temperature is reduced, meanwhile, the waste gas is actively precooled by the low-temperature nitrogen before entering the condenser, the refrigeration load of the condenser is relieved, and the energy consumption of the condenser is reduced. The energy consumption of cooling water or a refrigerator is saved, and the economical efficiency of equipment operation is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of industrial waste gas treatment technology, specifically relating to an activated carbon adsorption and nitrogen desorption device for electrolyte waste gas. Background Technology

[0002] Electrolyte is a core component of lithium-ion batteries. Its production process commonly uses highly volatile organic solvents such as dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC). These solvents volatilize in large quantities during production, filling, and cleaning processes, forming high-concentration volatile organic compound (VOC) waste gas. If it is discharged directly without effective treatment, it will not only cause serious air pollution but also bring huge safety hazards to production. To balance safety, environmental protection, and economic benefits, nitrogen is used as the desorption medium to heat and desorb saturated activated carbon in an oxygen-free environment. The high-concentration organic gases desorbed are then condensed and liquefied for recovery, combining safety, environmental protection, and resource recovery value. Existing nitrogen desorption and recovery devices can basically meet the needs of daily production. However, desorption requires heating the nitrogen, and subsequent condensation requires deep cooling. This process of heating and then cooling significantly increases the overall energy consumption of the equipment, resulting in high operating costs and affecting the economic efficiency of the equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to design a nitrogen desorption device for activated carbon adsorption of electrolyte waste gas. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a simple and rationally designed activated carbon adsorption nitrogen desorption device for electrolyte waste gas in order to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0004] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solutions: An activated carbon adsorption and nitrogen desorption device for electrolyte waste gas includes an activated carbon adsorption mechanism, a nitrogen blowing desorption mechanism connected to the activated carbon adsorption mechanism, a steam heating mechanism connected to the nitrogen blowing desorption mechanism, and an auxiliary heat exchange mechanism connected to the steam heating mechanism. The auxiliary heat exchange mechanism includes a return pipe connected to the steam heating mechanism. One end of the return pipe is connected to the central heat exchange pipe. Spiral guide plates are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the central heat exchange pipe. The spiral guide plates are closely attached to the inner wall of the exhaust gas conveying pipe. One end of the exhaust gas conveying pipe is connected to a longitudinal pipe, which is connected to a nitrogen condenser. One end of the central heat exchange pipe passes through the exhaust gas conveying pipe and is connected to an anti-adhesion mechanism.

[0005] As a further optimization of the present invention, the anti-adhesion mechanism includes a closed frame rotatably connected to the top of the longitudinal pipe, a support sleeve fixedly sleeved on the closed frame, and wind-receiving blades evenly arranged on the side wall of the support sleeve.

[0006] As a further optimization of the present invention, the enclosed frame is rotatably connected in the flow shell, and the two ends of the flow shell are respectively fixedly connected to the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe. The flow shell is fixed to the top of the longitudinal pipe, the air inlet pipe is connected to the nitrogen condenser, and the air outlet pipe is connected to the central heat exchange pipe.

[0007] As a further optimization of the present invention, the bottom of the closed frame is symmetrically provided with spiral scrapers, and the spiral scrapers are attached to the inner wall of the longitudinal pipe, and a collection pipe is provided at the bottom end of the longitudinal pipe.

[0008] As a further optimization of the present invention, the activated carbon adsorption mechanism includes two primary carbon tanks, an inlet pipe on the primary carbon tank, a connecting pipe on the primary carbon tank, the connecting pipe being connected to the secondary carbon tank via a flange, and an outlet pipe on the secondary carbon tank.

[0009] As a further optimization of the present invention, a pressure detection unit is provided on the top of both the primary carbon canister and the secondary carbon canister, and both the primary carbon canister and the secondary carbon canister are filled with activated carbon for purifying electrolyte waste gas.

[0010] As a further optimization of the present invention, the nitrogen blowing desorption mechanism includes a backflushing pipe, which is installed at the top of the primary carbon canister and the secondary carbon canister. A valve is installed on the backflushing pipe, and the backflushing pipe is connected to the nitrogen pipeline.

[0011] As a further optimization of the present invention, the steam heating mechanism includes a heating box, a nitrogen pipeline connected to the heating box, a circulating fan embedded in the heating box, and the input end of the circulating fan connected to a return pipe.

[0012] As a further optimization of the present invention, a pure nitrogen inlet pipe is provided on one side of the heating box, and a steam inlet and a steam outlet are respectively provided on the other side of the heating box.

[0013] As a further optimization of the present invention, both the primary carbon canister and the secondary carbon canister are provided with connecting pipes on one side of their bottom, and the connecting pipes are connected to the exhaust gas conveying pipes.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. In this invention, the nitrogen gas is preheated by high-temperature exhaust gas before entering the heating box, absorbing the residual heat in the exhaust gas, which reduces the energy consumption required for the heating box to heat the nitrogen gas to the desorption temperature. At the same time, the exhaust gas is actively pre-cooled by low-temperature nitrogen gas before entering the condenser, which reduces the refrigeration load of the condenser, saves the energy consumption of cooling water or refrigeration unit, and improves the economic efficiency of equipment operation.

[0015] 2. During the process of nitrogen passing through the closed frame and entering the central heat exchange tube from the air outlet pipe, the closed frame will be rotated by the air receiving blades. The spiral scraper at the bottom of the closed frame will clean the inner wall of the longitudinal pipe. Some of the solvent will condense in advance and adhere to the wall of the longitudinal pipe, causing blockage. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the nitrogen pipeline in this invention; Figure 3 This is a connection diagram of the auxiliary heat exchange mechanism in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the anti-adhesion mechanism in this invention; Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A magnified view of a portion of region A in the middle; Figure 6 This is a partial exploded view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A magnified view of a portion of region B in the middle; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the spiral guide plate in this invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Activated carbon adsorption mechanism; 2. Nitrogen blowing desorption mechanism; 3. Steam heating mechanism; 4. Auxiliary heat exchange mechanism; 5. Nitrogen condenser; 6. Anti-adhesion mechanism; 11. Primary carbon canister; 12. Inlet pipe; 13. Connecting pipe; 14. Secondary carbon canister; 15. Discharge pipe; 16. Pressure detection unit; 21. Backflushing pipe; 22. Nitrogen pipe; 31. Heating box; 32. Pure nitrogen inlet pipe; 33. Steam inlet; 34. Steam outlet; 41. Return pipe; 42. Central heat exchanger pipe; 43. Spiral guide plate; 44. Waste gas conveying pipe; 45. Longitudinal pipe; 46. Collection pipe; 47. Connecting pipe; 61. Enclosed frame; 62. Support sleeve; 63. Air receiving blade; 64. Inlet pipe; 65. Outlet pipe; 66. Spiral scraper; 67. Flow shell. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0019] Example: Please refer to Figure 1-8An activated carbon adsorption and nitrogen desorption device for electrolyte waste gas includes an activated carbon adsorption mechanism 1, which is connected to the electrolyte waste gas generated during the production process and is responsible for adsorbing volatile organic solvents in the electrolyte production waste gas at room temperature. A nitrogen blowing desorption mechanism 2 is connected to the activated carbon adsorption mechanism 1 to provide a nitrogen gas flow for desorption. The nitrogen blowing desorption mechanism 2 is connected to a steam heating mechanism 3. The nitrogen gas flow is heated by the steam heating mechanism 3 to reach the required temperature for nitrogen desorption and is then introduced into the activated carbon adsorption mechanism 1 for desorption. The steam heating mechanism 3 is connected to an auxiliary heat exchange mechanism 4, which is connected to a nitrogen condenser 5. The desorbed mixed gas enters the nitrogen condenser 5 through the auxiliary heat exchange mechanism 4, and the nitrogen condensed by the nitrogen condenser 5 is then transported back to the steam heating mechanism 3 to achieve circulation.

[0020] Please see Figure 1-4The activated carbon adsorption mechanism 1 includes two primary carbon tanks 11. An inlet pipe 12 for connecting to the electrolyte waste gas is installed at the bottom of one side of each primary carbon tank 11. A connecting pipe 13 is installed at the top of the other side of each primary carbon tank 11. The connecting pipe 13 is connected to the bottom of one side of a secondary carbon tank 14 via a flange. An outlet pipe 15 is installed at the top of the other side of the secondary carbon tank 14. Valves are installed on both the inlet pipe 12 and the outlet pipe 15. The valve on the inlet pipe 12 is used to close or open the passage for flue gas to enter the device. The valve on the outlet pipe 15 prevents the purified flue gas from flowing back into the carbon tank. Pressure detection units 16 are installed at the top of both the primary carbon tank 11 and the secondary carbon tank 14. The pressure detection unit 16 includes a pressure sensor and a pressure regulating structure, used to detect and adjust the gas pressure of the primary carbon canister 11 and the secondary carbon canister 14 (the pressure detection unit 16 is existing technology and will not be described in detail here). Both the primary carbon canister 11 and the secondary carbon canister 14 are filled with activated carbon for purifying electrolyte waste gas. When the waste gas passes through the activated carbon-filled canister, solvent molecules are firmly adsorbed into the carbon micropores. The nitrogen blowing desorption mechanism 2 includes a backflushing pipe 21, which is connected to the top of the primary carbon canister 11 and the secondary carbon canister 14 via a flange. A valve is installed on the backflushing pipe 21. The backflushing pipe 21 is connected to the steam heating mechanism 3 via a nitrogen pipe 22. 3 includes a heating chamber 31, with a nitrogen pipeline 22 connected to the output port of the heating chamber 31. A circulating fan is embedded in the heating chamber 31, with its output end connected to the inlet of the heating chamber 31 and its input end connected to the gas phase outlet of the nitrogen condenser 5 via an auxiliary heat exchange mechanism 4. A pure nitrogen inlet pipe 32 is provided on one side of the heating chamber 31, connected to an external nitrogen source to provide a stable nitrogen source for desorption. A steam inlet 33 and a steam outlet 34 are provided on the other side of the heating chamber 31. The steam inlet 33 is connected to a steam supply device to introduce hot steam into the heating chamber 31, where it exchanges heat with the passing nitrogen. (The heating chamber 31 belongs to...) (The existing technology will not be elaborated here) The primary carbon canister 11 and the secondary carbon canister 14 are connected to the mixed gas inlet of the nitrogen condenser 5 through the auxiliary heat exchange mechanism 4. The two interconnected primary carbon canisters 11 and secondary carbon canisters 14 constitute two independent adsorption purification units. During the purification process, the valves set on the backflushing pipe 21 are controlled to make the two adsorption purification units operate independently and alternately. One unit treats the waste gas, while the other unit is desorbed through the nitrogen blowing desorption mechanism 2. During the waste gas treatment process, the waste gas enters the primary carbon canister 11 or the secondary carbon canister 14 from the bottom, and then passes through the activated carbon layer and is discharged. The activated carbon is used for adsorption purification, and the purified gas is discharged through the discharge pipe 15.During desorption, the waste gas supply is stopped. The pure nitrogen inlet pipe 32 is connected to an external nitrogen source, and nitrogen is introduced into the heating chamber 31 for heating. After heating, the nitrogen enters from the top of the primary carbon canister 11 and the secondary carbon canister 14 through the nitrogen pipe 22 and the backflushing pipe 21, passing through the activated carbon layer from top to bottom. This causes solvent molecules to detach from the activated carbon and mix in the gas. The mixture then enters through the mixed gas inlet of the nitrogen condenser 5 via the auxiliary heat exchange mechanism 4. After condensation, the solvent molecules liquefy and exit from the liquid phase outlet of the nitrogen condenser 5 for further treatment. The condensed nitrogen is purified and exits from the gas phase outlet of the nitrogen condenser 5. Under the action of the circulating fan, it re-enters the heating chamber 31 through the auxiliary heat exchange mechanism 4 and mixes with the nitrogen from the pure nitrogen inlet pipe 32. It is then reheated and introduced into the primary carbon canister 11 and the secondary carbon canister 14.

[0021] Please see Figure 1-8The auxiliary heat exchange mechanism 4 includes a return pipe 41 connected to the steam heating mechanism 3. One end of the return pipe 41 is connected to the input end of the circulating fan, and the other end is connected to the central heat exchange pipe 42. Three spiral guide plates 43 are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the central heat exchange pipe 42. The spiral guide plates 43 are closely attached to the inner wall of the exhaust gas conveying pipe 44. The spiral guide plates 43 are located between the central heat exchange pipe 42 and the exhaust gas conveying pipe 44, dividing the conveying space of the exhaust gas conveying pipe 44 into three independent spiral channels, thus extending the residence time of the hot exhaust gas in the exhaust gas conveying pipe 44. The exhaust gas conveying pipe 44 is connected to the bottom of one side of the primary carbon canister 11 and the secondary carbon canister 14 through a connecting pipe 47. A valve is provided on the connecting pipe 47. One end of the feed pipe 44 is connected to the top of one side of the longitudinal pipe 45, and the bottom of the longitudinal pipe 45 is connected to the mixed gas inlet of the nitrogen condenser 5. One end of the central heat exchange pipe 42 passes through the waste gas delivery pipe 44 and is connected to the anti-adhesion mechanism 6. The anti-adhesion mechanism 6 includes a sealing frame 61 that is rotatably connected to the top of the longitudinal pipe 45. A support sleeve 62 is fixedly fitted on the sealing frame 61. Air receiving blades 63 are evenly arranged on the side wall of the support sleeve 62. The sealing frame 61 is rotatably connected to the flow shell 67. The two ends of the flow shell 67 are respectively fixedly connected to the inlet pipe 64 and the outlet pipe 65. The inlet pipe 64 is connected to the nitrogen condenser 5, and the outlet pipe 65 is connected to the central heat exchange pipe 42. The flow shell 67 is fixed to the top of the longitudinal pipe 45. The inlet pipe 64 connects to the gas phase outlet of the nitrogen condenser 5. Under the action of the circulating fan, the condensed nitrogen can enter the inlet pipe 64 from the top of the nitrogen condenser 5. The outlet pipe 65 connects to the central heat exchange pipe 42. Spiral scrapers 66 are symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the closed frame 61, and the spiral scrapers 66 are attached to the inner wall of the longitudinal pipe 45. A collection pipe 46 is provided at the bottom end of the longitudinal pipe 45. The mixed gas after desorption treatment enters the waste gas conveying pipe 44 from the connecting pipe 47, and then enters the longitudinal pipe 45 through the spiral groove formed by the spiral guide plate 43. Subsequently, it enters the nitrogen condenser 5 from the lower end of the longitudinal pipe 45. After condensation, the liquefied solvent is discharged from the liquid phase outlet of the nitrogen condenser 5, and the nitrogen enters from the gas phase outlet. The air enters through the inlet pipe 64, then passes through the enclosed frame 61 and enters the central heat exchange pipe 42 through the outlet pipe 65. During the process of passing through the central heat exchange pipe 42, the cold nitrogen gas will exchange heat with the mixed hot gas flowing in the opposite direction on the outer layer, and be preheated. After preheating, it enters the heating box 31 for recirculation. Meanwhile, the hot mixed gas that continues to pass through the exhaust gas delivery pipe 44 will exchange heat with the cold nitrogen gas inside, effectively reducing the power consumption of the nitrogen condenser 5 and the steam heating mechanism 3. During the process of nitrogen gas passing through the flow shell 67 and entering the central heat exchange pipe 42, the enclosed frame 61 will be rotated by the wind vane 63. The spiral scraper 66 at the bottom of the enclosed frame 61 will clean the inner wall of the longitudinal pipe 45, preventing the solvent from liquefying in advance and adhering to the longitudinal pipe 45, which would cause blockage.

[0022] It should be noted that in use, this activated carbon adsorption and nitrogen desorption device for electrolyte waste gas consists of two interconnected primary carbon tanks 11 and secondary carbon tanks 14, forming two independent adsorption and purification units. During the purification process, the two units operate independently. One unit treats the waste gas by opening and closing valves, while the other unit undergoes desorption treatment via the nitrogen blowing desorption mechanism 2. During waste gas treatment, the gas enters from the bottom of either the primary carbon tank 11 or the secondary carbon tank 14, then passes through the activated carbon layer and is discharged through the discharge pipe 15. The activated carbon is then used for further purification. Adsorption purification; during desorption treatment, the valves on the inlet pipe 12 and the outlet pipe 15 are closed, and the waste gas supply stops. At the same time, the pure nitrogen inlet pipe 32 is connected to an external nitrogen source, and nitrogen is introduced into the heating box 31 for heating. After heating, the nitrogen enters from the top of the primary carbon tank 11 and the secondary carbon tank 14 through the nitrogen pipe 22 and the backflushing pipe 21, passing through the activated carbon layer from top to bottom, causing solvent molecules to detach from the activated carbon and mix in the gas. The mixed gas after desorption treatment enters the waste gas conveying pipe 44 through the connecting pipe 47 and enters the nitrogen condenser 5. After condensation, the gas is then... The liquefied solvent is discharged from the liquid phase outlet of the nitrogen condenser 5, and the nitrogen enters the inlet pipe 64 from the gas phase outlet, then passes through the enclosed frame 61 and enters the central heat exchange pipe 42 from the outlet pipe 65. During the process of passing through the central heat exchange pipe 42, the cold nitrogen will exchange heat with the outer layer of hot mixed gas flowing in the opposite direction, and be preheated. After preheating, it enters the heating box 31 for recirculation. Meanwhile, the hot mixed gas that continues to pass through the exhaust gas delivery pipe 44 will exchange heat with the cold nitrogen inside. The nitrogen passes through the enclosed frame 61 and enters the central heat exchange pipe 42 from the outlet pipe 65. During the process, the closed frame 61 is rotated by the wind-blown blades 63. The spiral scraper 66 at the bottom of the closed frame 61 scrapes the inner wall of the longitudinal pipe 45, scraping off the pre-liquefied solvent or impurities. The solvent or impurities fall down along the spiral scraper 66 to the collection pipe 46 for centralized collection. The condensed nitrogen is purified and discharged from the gas phase outlet of the nitrogen condenser 5. Under the action of the circulating fan, it passes through the auxiliary heat exchange mechanism 4 again and enters the heating box 31 to mix with the nitrogen in the pure nitrogen inlet pipe 32. It is then heated again and passed into the primary carbon canister 11 and the secondary carbon canister 14.

[0023] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A nitrogen desorption device for activated carbon adsorption of electrolyte waste gas, comprising an activated carbon adsorption mechanism (1), characterized in that: The activated carbon adsorption mechanism (1) is connected to a nitrogen blowing desorption mechanism (2), the nitrogen blowing desorption mechanism (2) is connected to a steam heating mechanism (3), and the steam heating mechanism (3) is connected to an auxiliary heat exchange mechanism (4). The auxiliary heat exchange mechanism (4) includes a return pipe (41) connected to the steam heating mechanism (3). One end of the return pipe (41) is connected to the central heat exchange pipe (42). Spiral guide plates (43) are uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the central heat exchange pipe (42). The spiral guide plates (43) are closely attached to the inner wall of the waste gas conveying pipe (44). One end of the waste gas conveying pipe (44) is connected to the longitudinal pipe (45). The longitudinal pipe (45) is connected to the nitrogen condenser (5). One end of the central heat exchange pipe (42) passes through the waste gas conveying pipe (44) and is connected to the anti-adhesion mechanism (6).

2. The activated carbon adsorption and nitrogen desorption device for electrolyte waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-adhesion mechanism (6) includes a closed frame (61) rotatably connected to the top of the longitudinal pipe (45), a support sleeve (62) is fixedly sleeved on the closed frame (61), and wind-receiving blades (63) are evenly arranged on the side wall of the support sleeve (62).

3. The activated carbon adsorption and nitrogen desorption device for electrolyte waste gas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The enclosed frame (61) is rotatably connected in the flow shell (67). The flow shell (67) is connected to the air duct (64) and the air outlet duct (65) on both sides respectively. The flow shell (67) is fixed to the top of the longitudinal pipe (45). The air inlet duct (64) is connected to the nitrogen condenser (5), and the air outlet duct (65) is connected to the central heat exchange tube (42).

4. The activated carbon adsorption and nitrogen desorption device for electrolyte waste gas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom of the closed frame (61) is symmetrically provided with spiral scrapers (66), and the spiral scrapers (66) are attached to the inner wall of the longitudinal pipe (45). The bottom end of the longitudinal pipe (45) is provided with a collection pipe (46).

5. The activated carbon adsorption and nitrogen desorption device for electrolyte waste gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The activated carbon adsorption mechanism (1) includes two primary carbon tanks (11). The primary carbon tank (11) is provided with an inlet pipe (12) and a connecting pipe (13). The connecting pipe (13) is connected to the secondary carbon tank (14) through a flange. The secondary carbon tank (14) is provided with an outlet pipe (15).

6. The activated carbon adsorption and nitrogen desorption device for electrolyte waste gas according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of both the primary carbon canister (11) and the secondary carbon canister (14) is equipped with a pressure detection unit (16), and both the primary carbon canister (11) and the secondary carbon canister (14) are filled with activated carbon for purifying electrolyte waste gas.

7. The activated carbon adsorption and nitrogen desorption device for electrolyte waste gas according to claim 6, characterized in that: The nitrogen blowing desorption mechanism (2) includes a backflushing pipe (21), which is located at the top of the primary carbon canister (11) and the secondary carbon canister (14). A valve is provided on the backflushing pipe (21), and the backflushing pipe (21) is connected to the nitrogen pipeline (22).

8. The activated carbon adsorption and nitrogen desorption device for electrolyte waste gas according to claim 7, characterized in that: The steam heating mechanism (3) includes a heating box (31), a nitrogen pipeline (22) connected to the heating box (31), a circulating fan embedded in the heating box (31), and the input end of the circulating fan connected to the return pipe (41).

9. The activated carbon adsorption and nitrogen desorption device for electrolyte waste gas according to claim 8, characterized in that: A pure nitrogen inlet pipe (32) is provided on one side of the heating box (31), and a steam inlet (33) and a steam outlet (34) are provided on the other side of the heating box (31).

10. The activated carbon adsorption and nitrogen desorption device for electrolyte waste gas according to claim 6, characterized in that: Both the primary carbon canister (11) and the secondary carbon canister (14) are provided with connecting pipes (47) on one side of their bottom, and the connecting pipes (47) are connected to the exhaust gas conveying pipe (44).

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