Rice planting saline-alkali soil remediation material containing pyroligneous liquor and use method of rice planting saline-alkali soil remediation material

Abstract

The invention provides a pyroligneous liquor-containing remediation material for saline-alkali soil for rice planting and a use method of the remediation material, and relates to the technical field of soil remediation. The soil remediation material is prepared from, by mass, 40%-50% of wood vinegar, 20%-30% of organic fertilizer, 10%-30% of modified bentonite and 3%-8% of a composite synergist, the sum of the mass percentages of the components is 100%, and the composite synergist is formed by mixing desulfurized gypsum, humic acid and an EM microbial agent. The composite synergist and the modified bentonite are used for improving the remediation effect of the wood vinegar soil remediation agent, rapid remediation of rice planting saline-alkali soil is achieved, the yield and quality of rice are remarkably improved, and the purpose of rapid remediation of the rice planting saline-alkali soil is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention provides a material for remediating saline-alkali soil for rice cultivation containing wood vinegar and its application method, belonging to the field of soil remediation. Background Technology

[0002] Wood vinegar (also known as plant vinegar) is a volatile liquid produced during the pyrolysis processes of biomass such as wood, straw, and fruit shells, including dry distillation and carbonization. After condensation, separation, and purification, its core components are organic acids such as acetic acid and propionic acid, phenols, ketones, esters, and trace elements. Because of its properties of regulating soil environment and promoting crop growth, wood vinegar can be used as a green soil conditioner.

[0003] The salinization of soils in rice-growing areas is worsening, and traditional soil conditioners often fail to achieve the desired soil remediation, leading to a significant decline in rice yield and quality. Therefore, developing a remediation material capable of repairing saline-alkali soils suitable for rice cultivation is currently a hot research topic. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on this, the present invention provides a material for remediating saline-alkali soil for rice cultivation containing wood vinegar and its application method.

[0005] This invention discloses a material for remediating saline-alkali soil used for rice cultivation containing wood vinegar, comprising the following components by weight percentage:

[0006] Wood vinegar solution: 40-50%,

[0007] Organic fertilizer: 20-30%,

[0008] Modified bentonite: 10~30%,

[0009] Compound synergist: 3-8%,

[0010] The sum of the mass percentages of the above ingredients is 100%.

[0011] The compound synergistic effect is achieved by mixing desulfurized gypsum, humic acid, and EM bacteria.

[0012] Preferably, the wood vinegar is prepared by refining and distilling crude wood vinegar.

[0013] Preferably, the method for preparing the wood vinegar includes the following steps:

[0014] (1) Settling treatment

[0015] Seal and let the crude wood vinegar solution stand at room temperature for 3-6 months. After natural sedimentation, it will form layers, with the upper layer being a light liquid, the middle layer being the active ingredients, and the lower layer being tar sediment. Remove the middle layer for later use.

[0016] (2) Filtration to remove impurities

[0017] The extracted middle layer of wood vinegar was filtered to remove suspended particles, and then centrifuged to obtain a clear liquid.

[0018] (3) Single distillation

[0019] The clear liquid is heated to 80°C, and the low-boiling-point fraction is collected; then the temperature is raised to 100°C, and the medium-boiling-point fraction is collected.

[0020] (4) Double distillation

[0021] The collected medium-boiling fraction was subjected to secondary distillation to collect the fraction at 90~100℃.

[0022] (5) After decolorizing the fraction collected after secondary distillation, adjust the pH value to 3-5, sterilize and set aside.

[0023] More preferably, the centrifugation speed in step (2) is 2000-3000 r / min and the separation time is 10-15 minutes.

[0024] Preferably, the organic fertilizer is produced by fermenting a mixture of plant straw and manure in a mass ratio of 1-5:1-5.

[0025] Preferably, the method for preparing the modified bentonite includes the following steps:

[0026] S1. Mix bentonite and water in a solid-liquid ratio of 1:5~10 to form a suspension, add 1g of 500nm nano-selenium material, and then add acid to adjust the pH value to neutral.

[0027] S2. Add a quaternary ammonium salt solution to the suspension, wherein the mass ratio of bentonite to quaternary ammonium salt is 1:1.2-1.5, and stir the mixture at 40-60℃ for 3-5 hours.

[0028] S3. After the reaction is complete, allow the mixture to stand and separate into layers. Collect the precipitate, wash, dry, and grind it to obtain modified bentonite.

[0029] More preferably, the quaternary ammonium salt is one of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide or dodecyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride.

[0030] Preferably, the mass ratio of desulfurized gypsum, humic acid and EM agent in the composite synergist is 1:2~5:3~7.

[0031] The method for using the wood vinegar-containing soil remediation material for rice cultivation according to the present invention involves spreading the soil remediation material on the saline-alkali land for rice cultivation 10-20 days before rice planting, followed by shallow tillage. The amount of soil remediation material used is 100-120 kg / mu. Preferably, the shallow tillage depth is 15-25 cm.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0033] This invention provides a wood vinegar-based material for remediating saline-alkali soil used in rice cultivation and its application method. By utilizing a composite synergist and modified bentonite to enhance the remediation effect of the wood vinegar soil remediation agent, this invention achieves rapid remediation of saline-alkali soil used in rice cultivation, significantly improving rice yield and quality, and thus realizing the goal of rapid remediation of saline-alkali soil in rice-growing areas. Detailed Implementation

[0034] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the preferred embodiments of this invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the examples. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] A material for remediating saline-alkali soil used for rice cultivation, containing wood vinegar, comprises the following components by weight percentage:

[0037] Wood vinegar solution: 50%,

[0038] Organic fertilizer: 25%,

[0039] Modified bentonite: 20%,

[0040] Compound synergist: 5%,

[0041] The compound synergistic effect is achieved by mixing desulfurized gypsum, humic acid, and EM bacteria in a mass ratio of 1:2:5.

[0042] The method for preparing the wood vinegar includes the following steps:

[0043] (1) Settling treatment

[0044] The crude wood vinegar was sealed and left to stand at room temperature for 5 months. After natural sedimentation, it formed layers, with the upper layer being a light liquid, the middle layer being the active ingredients, and the lower layer being tar sediment. The middle layer was removed and set aside for later use.

[0045] (2) Filtration to remove impurities

[0046] The extracted middle layer of wood vinegar was filtered to remove suspended particles, and then centrifuged (3000 r / min, 10 minutes) to obtain a clear liquid.

[0047] (3) Single distillation

[0048] The clear liquid is heated to 80°C, and the low-boiling-point fraction is collected; then the temperature is raised to 100°C, and the medium-boiling-point fraction is collected.

[0049] (4) Double distillation

[0050] The collected medium-boiling fraction was subjected to secondary distillation to collect the fraction at 90~100℃.

[0051] (5) After decolorizing the fraction collected after the second distillation, adjust the pH value to 4, sterilize and set aside.

[0052] More preferably, the centrifugation speed in step (2) is 2500 r / min and the separation time is 12 minutes.

[0053] The organic fertilizer is made by fermenting a mixture of plant straw and manure in a mass ratio of 1:3.

[0054] The preparation method of the modified bentonite includes the following steps:

[0055] S1. Mix bentonite and water in a solid-liquid ratio of 1:8 to form a suspension, add 1g of 500nm nano-selenium material, and then add acid to adjust the pH value to neutral.

[0056] S2. Add a 20% (w / w) hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide solution to the suspension, wherein the mass ratio of bentonite to quaternary ammonium salt is 1:1.5, and stir the mixture at 50°C for 3 hours.

[0057] S3. After the reaction is complete, allow the mixture to stand and separate into layers. Collect the precipitate, wash, dry, and grind it to obtain modified bentonite.

[0058] Example 2

[0059] A material for remediating saline-alkali soil used for rice cultivation, containing wood vinegar, comprises the following components by weight percentage:

[0060] Wood vinegar solution: 50%,

[0061] Organic fertilizer: 30%,

[0062] Modified bentonite: 15%,

[0063] Compound synergist: 5%,

[0064] The compound synergistic effect is achieved by mixing desulfurized gypsum, humic acid, and EM bacteria in a mass ratio of 1:3:4.

[0065] The preparation method of the wood vinegar is the same as in Example 1.

[0066] The organic fertilizer is made by fermenting a mixture of plant straw and manure in a mass ratio of 1:2.

[0067] The preparation method of the modified bentonite includes the following steps:

[0068] S1. Mix bentonite and water in a solid-liquid ratio of 1:8 to form a suspension, add 1g of 500nm nano-selenium material, and then add acid to adjust the pH value to neutral.

[0069] S2. Add a 20% (w / w) dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride solution to the suspension, wherein the mass ratio of bentonite to quaternary ammonium salt is 1:1.2, and stir the mixture at 60°C for 5 hours.

[0070] S3. After the reaction is complete, allow the mixture to stand and separate into layers. Collect the precipitate, wash, dry, and grind it to obtain modified bentonite.

[0071] Example 3

[0072] A material for remediating saline-alkali soil used for rice cultivation, containing wood vinegar, comprises the following components by weight percentage:

[0073] Wood vinegar solution: 50%,

[0074] Organic fertilizer: 30%,

[0075] Modified bentonite: 17%,

[0076] Compound synergist: 3%,

[0077] The compound synergistic effect is achieved by mixing desulfurized gypsum, humic acid, and EM bacteria in a mass ratio of 1:5:3.

[0078] The organic fertilizer is made by fermenting a mixture of plant straw and manure in a mass ratio of 2:1.

[0079] The preparation method of the wood vinegar is the same as in Example 1.

[0080] The preparation method of the modified bentonite is the same as in Example 1.

[0081] Example 4

[0082] A material for remediating saline-alkali soil used for rice cultivation, containing wood vinegar, comprises the following components by weight percentage:

[0083] Wood vinegar solution: 40%,

[0084] Organic fertilizer: 30%,

[0085] Modified bentonite: 25%,

[0086] Compound synergist: 5%,

[0087] The compound synergistic effect is achieved by mixing desulfurized gypsum, humic acid, and EM bacteria in a mass ratio of 1:2:3.

[0088] The organic fertilizer is made by fermenting a mixture of plant straw and manure in a mass ratio of 5:3.

[0089] The preparation method of the wood vinegar is the same as in Example 2.

[0090] The preparation method of the modified bentonite is the same as in Example 1.

[0091] Example 5

[0092] A material for remediating saline-alkali soil used for rice cultivation, containing wood vinegar, comprises the following components by weight percentage:

[0093] Wood vinegar: 45%,

[0094] Organic fertilizer: 22%,

[0095] Modified bentonite: 25%,

[0096] Compound synergist: 8%,

[0097] The compound synergistic effect is achieved by mixing desulfurized gypsum, humic acid, and EM bacteria in a mass ratio of 1:5:4.

[0098] The organic fertilizer is made by fermenting a mixture of plant straw and manure in a 1:1 mass ratio.

[0099] The preparation method of the wood vinegar is the same as in Example 1.

[0100] The preparation method of the modified bentonite is the same as in Example 2.

[0101] Example 6

[0102] A material for remediating saline-alkali soil used for rice cultivation, containing wood vinegar, comprises the following components by weight percentage:

[0103] Wood vinegar: 42%,

[0104] Organic fertilizer: 30%,

[0105] Modified bentonite: 20%,

[0106] Compound synergist: 8%,

[0107] The compound synergistic effect is achieved by mixing desulfurized gypsum, humic acid, and EM bacteria in a mass ratio of 1:3:3.

[0108] The organic fertilizer is made by fermenting a mixture of plant straw and manure in a mass ratio of 3:2.

[0109] The preparation method of the wood vinegar is the same as in Example 2.

[0110] The preparation method of the modified bentonite is the same as in Example 2.

[0111] Comparative Example 1

[0112] The wood vinegar solution described in Example 1 was used as a material for remediating saline-alkali soil for rice cultivation.

[0113] The soil remediation materials of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Example 1 were used to remediate the saline-alkali land in the rice planting area. Specifically, the saline-alkali land for rice planting was divided into 7 experimental fields (1# to 7#). Experimental field 1# served as a blank control group, while the other experimental fields were remediated using the soil remediation materials of Examples 1-5 and Comparative Example 1, respectively. The remediation method involved spreading the soil remediation materials on the saline-alkali land for rice planting 10-20 days before rice planting and then shallowly tilling to a depth of 20cm. The amount of soil remediation material used was 100 kg / mu.

[0114] After rice was planted using normal planting methods, the yield increase rate of rice in the experimental field compared with the blank control group was recorded, as shown in Table 1.

[0115] Table 1

[0116]

[0117] The embodiments described above are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A material for remediating saline-alkali soil used for rice cultivation containing wood vinegar, characterized in that, Including the following components by mass percentage: Wood vinegar solution: 40-50%, Organic fertilizer: 20-30%, Modified bentonite: 10~30%, Compound synergist: 3-8%, The sum of the mass percentages of the above ingredients is 100%. The compound synergistic effect is achieved by mixing desulfurized gypsum, humic acid, and EM bacteria.

2. The rice-growing saline-alkali soil remediation material containing wood vinegar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wood vinegar is prepared by refining and distilling crude wood vinegar.

3. The rice-growing saline-alkali soil remediation material containing wood vinegar according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method for preparing the wood vinegar includes the following steps: (1) Settling treatment Seal and let the crude wood vinegar solution stand at room temperature for 3-6 months. After natural sedimentation, it will form layers, with the upper layer being a light liquid, the middle layer being the active ingredients, and the lower layer being tar sediment. Remove the middle layer for later use. (2) Filtration to remove impurities The extracted middle layer of wood vinegar was filtered to remove suspended particles, and then centrifuged to obtain a clear liquid. (3) Single distillation The clear liquid is heated to 80°C, and the low-boiling-point fraction is collected; then the temperature is raised to 100°C, and the medium-boiling-point fraction is collected. (4) Double distillation The collected medium-boiling fraction was subjected to secondary distillation to collect the fraction at 90~100℃. (5) After decolorizing the fraction collected after secondary distillation, adjust the pH value to 3-5, sterilize and set aside.

4. The rice cultivation saline-alkali soil remediation material containing wood vinegar according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step (2), the centrifugation speed is 2000-3000 r / min and the separation time is 10-15 minutes.

5. The rice-growing saline-alkali soil remediation material containing wood vinegar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The organic fertilizer is made by fermenting a mixture of plant straw and manure in a mass ratio of 1-5:1-5.

6. The rice-growing saline-alkali soil remediation material containing wood vinegar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the modified bentonite includes the following steps: S1. Mix bentonite and water in a solid-liquid ratio of 1:5~10 to form a suspension, add 1g of 500nm nano-selenium material, and then add acid to adjust the pH value to neutral. S2. Add a quaternary ammonium salt solution to the suspension, wherein the mass ratio of bentonite to quaternary ammonium salt is 1:1.2-1.5, and stir the mixture at 40-60℃ for 3-5 hours. S3. After the reaction is complete, allow the mixture to stand and separate into layers. Collect the precipitate, wash, dry, and grind it to obtain modified bentonite.

7. The rice cultivation saline-alkali soil remediation material containing wood vinegar according to claim 6, characterized in that, The quaternary ammonium salt is one of hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide or dodecyldimethylbenzylammonium chloride.

8. The rice-growing saline-alkali soil remediation material containing wood vinegar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of desulfurized gypsum, humic acid, and EM agent in the composite synergist is 1:2~5:3~7.

9. The method of using the wood vinegar-containing rice cultivation saline-alkali soil remediation material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Ten to twenty days before rice planting, the soil remediation material is spread on the saline-alkali land where rice is planted and shallow tillage is carried out. The amount of soil remediation material used is 100 to 120 kg / mu.

10. The method of using the wood vinegar-containing material for remediating saline-alkali soil used for rice cultivation according to claim 9, characterized in that, The shallow tillage depth is 15~25cm.

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