Self-adaptive temperature and humidity adjusting fabric

Abstract

A self-adaptive temperature and humidity adjusting fabric provided by the present invention sequentially comprises a temperature control layer, a moisture absorption layer, a support layer, an antibacterial layer and a temperature adjusting layer from top to bottom, the temperature control layer, the moisture absorption layer, the support layer, the antibacterial layer and the temperature adjusting layer are connected through weft knitting five-layer air layer weave weaving, and the temperature control layer is formed by weaving moisture absorption and temperature adjusting yarns; the moisture-absorbing and temperature-adjusting yarn is of a core-spun structure and comprises a core yarn and an outer wrapping yarn, the core yarn is a PBT filament, the outer wrapping yarn is a chinlon filament with a Y-shaped section, and the outer wrapping yarn evenly wraps the outer side of the core yarn; the moisture absorption layer is formed by weaving hollow chinlon filaments, the supporting layer is formed by weaving polyester filaments with double-C-shaped sections, the antibacterial layer is formed by weaving antibacterial polyester filaments with graphene coatings, and the temperature adjusting layer is formed by weaving polyester-based aerogel filaments. The self-adaptive temperature and humidity regulating fabric not only has good shape retention and self-adaptive temperature control and temperature regulation effects, but also has moisture absorption and humidity regulation performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a knitted fabric, and more particularly to a fabric with adaptive temperature and humidity regulation function, belonging to the field of textile manufacturing. Background Technology

[0002] As people's living standards improve, they no longer only pursue the aesthetics and style of fabrics. Most people are now focusing on greater comfort in textiles. For example, more and more people consider temperature control and breathability as essential properties for textiles, and are constantly seeking fabrics with automatic temperature and humidity control capabilities. With the development of chemical and textile production technologies, the ways to endow textiles with functionality are becoming increasingly diverse.

[0003] How to imbue textiles with multiple functions to meet the diverse needs of consumers, or to enable consumers to have adaptive temperature and humidity regulation properties during use, is a direction that textile research needs to explore. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fabric with adaptive temperature and humidity regulation function in contrast to the prior art.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve the above problems is as follows: an adaptive temperature and humidity regulating fabric, comprising, from top to bottom, a temperature control layer, a moisture-absorbing layer, a support layer, an antibacterial layer, and a temperature regulating layer. The temperature control layer, moisture-absorbing layer, support layer, antibacterial layer, and temperature regulating layer are connected by weft-knitted five-layer air layer structure. The temperature control layer is woven from moisture-absorbing and temperature-regulating yarn. The moisture-absorbing and temperature-regulating yarn has a core-spun structure, including a core yarn and an outer wrapping yarn. The core yarn is modified PBT filament, and the outer wrapping yarn is nylon filament with a "Y"-shaped cross section. The outer wrapping yarn is evenly wrapped around the outside of the core yarn. The moisture-absorbing layer is woven from hollow nylon filament. The support layer is woven from polyester filament with a "double C"-shaped cross section. The antibacterial layer is woven from graphene-coated antibacterial polyester filament. The temperature regulating layer is woven from polyester-based aerogel filament. The outer surface of the polyester-based aerogel filament is uniformly coated with a nano-composite coating, which is composed of TiO2 and porous PU.

[0006] The fabric of this invention employs a five-layer air-layer weave, where each functional layer is self-contained, avoiding the problems of insufficient breathability and stiffness associated with traditional layering methods. The temperature-regulating layer of this invention uses moisture-wicking and temperature-regulating yarns to adaptively regulate temperature, resulting in superior comfort. The moisture-wicking layer rapidly absorbs and conducts moisture from the body surface, ensuring a comfortable and dry feel.

[0007] The fabric of this invention employs a five-layer structure, with a support layer ensuring its fullness. Since the moisture absorbed by the absorbent layer may lead to bacterial growth, an antibacterial layer is incorporated to maintain cleanliness. To maintain a balance of body humidity, a temperature-regulating layer controls the release of heat and moisture. This layer is woven from polyester-based aerogel filaments, which possess excellent moisture absorption, breathability, and heat insulation properties. Temperature can be regulated through the characteristics of aerogel; for example, the porous structure of the aerogel surface allows air circulation, preventing stuffiness caused by excessive insulation.

[0008] The surface of the polyester aerogel filament is coated with a composite coating of TiO2 and porous PU. The coating can shield radiation and ultraviolet light through the action of TiO2, and achieve the self-cleaning and antibacterial properties of the fabric through the large specific surface area and microporous structure of porous PU.

[0009] Furthermore, the preparation process of the polyester-based aerogel filament is as follows: I. Preparation of basic spinning solution: Terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol are mixed in a molar ratio of 1:1.2 and stirred at 150-160℃ to form a basic polyester synthesis solution.

[0010] II. Aerogel dispersion: Add 3-8% of nano-aerogel powder (particle size 50-100nm) to the basic spinning solution prepared in step I. After ultrasonic dispersion for 30 minutes, add terephthalic acid and stir to form a spinning solution containing aerogel powder.

[0011] During the dispersion of aerogel, the method of stirring and ultrasonic oscillation dispersion can gently disperse the aerogel powder into the basic spinning solution. After ultrasonic oscillation dispersion, terephthalic acid is further added to induce the arrangement and movement of molecular structures in the basic spinning solution, so that the aerogel powder is further dispersed under the action of molecular forces, and promotes the uniform dispersion of aerogel powder in the basic spinning solution.

[0012] III. Esterification and Polymerization: Antimony trioxide (0.02–0.05% by mass) was added to the spinning solution prepared in step II as a catalyst, and the esterification reaction was carried out at a temperature of 220–240℃ and a pressure of 0.2–0.3 MPa for 2–3 h; then the temperature was raised to 270–280℃, and the vacuum was reduced to below 0.001 MPa to carry out the polycondensation reaction for 4–5 h to obtain polyester chips containing aerogel.

[0013] IV. Melt spinning: The polyester chips prepared in step III are placed in a vacuum dryer and dried at 120°C for 4 hours before melt spinning to obtain the initial grown filament.

[0014] V. Post-processing: The initial grown filament prepared in step IV is stretched by 3 to 4 times and then heat-set at 120 to 130°C for 30 minutes to obtain polyester-based aerogel filaments with a fineness of 50 to 100D.

[0015] Furthermore, the coating process of the nanocomposite coating is as follows: I. Preparation of nanocomposite coating slurry: TiO2 nanoparticles (particle size 20-50nm) and porous PU resin are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:(8-12), and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and deionized water are added at a mass ratio of 5-8% and 20-30% respectively. The mixture is stirred and dispersed at high speed for 40-60 minutes, and then ground with a sand mill until the particle size is ≤1μm to obtain nanocomposite coating slurry.

[0016] II. Impregnation and Coating: The polyester-based aerogel filament is impregnated in the nanocomposite coating slurry prepared in step I. After impregnation for 1 hour, it is taken out and pre-dried at 80-90℃ for 10-15 minutes to remove surface moisture. Then it is sent to a curing oven at 120-130℃ for 20-25 minutes to allow the porous PU resin to fully cross-link and cure, thereby obtaining polyester-based aerogel filament with nanocomposite coating.

[0017] Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is used as a catalyst to fully combine TiO2 nanoparticles and porous PU resin. TiO2 can shield radiation and ultraviolet light, while the large specific surface area and microporous structure of porous PU enable the fabric to have self-cleaning and antibacterial properties.

[0018] Furthermore, solid-liquid phase change microcapsules are uniformly dispersed in the modified PBT filaments. The particle size of the solid-liquid phase change microcapsules is 1-3 μm. The core material of the solid-liquid phase change microcapsules is stearic acid-palmitic acid, the wall material is chitosan-gelatin, and the phase change temperature of the solid-liquid phase change microcapsules is 25-32℃.

[0019] Furthermore, the method for preparing the modified PBT filament is as follows: 1) Preparation of solid-liquid phase change microcapsules I. Core material preparation: 70 parts of stearic acid and 30 parts of palmitic acid are added to a reaction vessel to obtain a dicarboxylic acid. After melting and stirring at 60°C for 30 minutes, 0.5 parts of tea polyphenols are added and stirred for 10 minutes. The mixture is then kept warm for later use.

[0020] A dicarboxylic acid, made from 70 parts stearic acid and 30 parts palmitic acid, is used as the phase change core material to form a specific phase change temperature and latent heat of phase change, ensuring that the phase change temperature is between 25 and 32°C.

[0021] II. Preparation of wall material: Add 5% chitosan (pre-dissolved in 1% acetic acid) and 5% gelatin to deionized water by mass ratio, stir at 50°C until completely dissolved to form a 10% natural polymer aqueous solution by mass ratio, then add 0.5% Tween-80 by mass ratio, stir for 10 minutes, and then adjust the pH of the solution to 4.0.

[0022] III. Crosslinking and Curing: The core material prepared in step I is slowly added to the aqueous solution of the wall material prepared in step II, and emulsified at a high-speed shear rate of 2000 rpm for 30 minutes to form an emulsion with a particle size of 1-5 μm; 1% silica nanoparticle dispersion (solid content 20%) is added dropwise to the emulsion, and stirred at 50℃ for 30 minutes to allow the silica nanoparticles to be adsorbed onto the surface of the droplets; then, after cooling to 25℃, 1% epichlorohydrin (5% of the wall material mass) is added dropwise, and the pH of the solution is adjusted to 8.0. The solution is then reacted at 30℃ for 2 hours to achieve crosslinking and curing to form a solid-liquid phase change microcapsule liquid.

[0023] Adding silica nanoparticles during cross-linking and curing improves the properties of the microcapsule wall material. ① It can enhance the mechanical strength of microcapsules: Nano-SiO2 has excellent mechanical properties. It can fill the microcapsule wall structure formed by gelatin and chitosan, playing the role of "skeleton" support, thereby improving the overall mechanical strength of microcapsules. This makes them more resistant to external damage during subsequent use and processing (such as stirring, centrifugation, etc.), reducing the occurrence of microcapsule breakage and helping to maintain the integrity of microcapsules.

[0024] ② Improved thermal stability of microcapsules: Nano-SiO2 has excellent high-temperature resistance, which can improve the thermal stability of microcapsules. In applications or processing involving temperature changes, it can reduce structural changes or performance degradation of microcapsules caused by temperature, and better maintain the encapsulation effect of microcapsules on the core material in high-temperature environments.

[0025] ③ Optimize the dispersibility of microcapsules: The surface charge and other properties of nano-SiO2 help improve the dispersibility of gelatin-chitosan microcapsules in the system. This can reduce the aggregation of microcapsules, allowing them to be more uniformly distributed in the relevant system, which is very beneficial for the microcapsules to perform their functions (such as acting as carriers to deliver substances).

[0026] ④ Auxiliary cross-linking and curing of wall materials: Nano-SiO2 may interact with wall material components such as gelatin and chitosan, for example through hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces, to assist the cross-linking and curing process of the wall material, so that the wall material forms a more stable and dense structure, thereby improving the performance of microcapsules.

[0027] IV. Separation and Modification: The microcapsule liquid prepared in step III was separated by centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 15 minutes. Then, it was washed three times with deionized water to remove free impurities. The solid-liquid phase change microcapsule powder was obtained by vacuum drying at 60°C for 24 hours. The solid-liquid phase change microcapsule powder was added to anhydrous ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes. Then, 3% of the silane coupling agent KH550 by weight of the microcapsules was added. After stirring at 60°C for 2 hours, the mixture was filtered. Finally, it was vacuum dried at 80°C for 12 hours to obtain solid-liquid phase change microcapsules.

[0028] 2) Preparation of modified PBT filaments 90 parts of dried PBT were mixed with 10 parts of solid-liquid phase change microcapsules and fed into a twin-screw extruder. The temperature of the first zone of the screw was controlled at 230℃, the second zone at 250℃, and the third zone at 260℃ for melt blending. The screw speed was 150 rpm to uniformly disperse the microcapsules in the PBT melt to obtain a mixed solution. The mixed solution was then spun through a spinneret, cooled and shaped (cooling air temperature 20-25℃, air speed 0.3-0.5m / s), and drawn (drawing ratio 3.0-3.5 times, drawing temperature 80-90℃) to obtain PBT filaments.

[0029] Furthermore, the hollow nylon filament has a hollowness of 10-20% and its surface is distributed with several grooves.

[0030] Furthermore, the thickness of the graphene coating is 1–3 μm; Furthermore, the five-layer air layer structure consists of a six-way looping system forming a cycle. In the first and second looping systems, moisture-absorbing and temperature-regulating yarns and hollow nylon filaments are fed in simultaneously, and the temperature-regulating layer and moisture-absorbing layer are formed by weaving in a cotton-over-polyester manner. In the third and sixth looping systems, polyester filaments with a "double C" cross-section are fed in simultaneously to form the support layer. In the fourth and fifth looping systems, antibacterial polyester filaments and polyester-based aerogel filaments are fed in simultaneously, and the antibacterial layer and temperature-regulating layer are formed by weaving in a cotton-over-polyester manner.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: (1) The fabric of the present invention adopts a five-layer structure and a support layer is set to ensure the fullness of the fabric. The moisture absorbed by the moisture-absorbing layer is inside the fabric and may lead to the growth of bacteria on the fabric. The fabric of the present invention is equipped with an antibacterial layer to keep the fabric clean at all times. In order to maintain the balance of human body humidity, a temperature regulating layer is set to control the release of heat and moisture. This layer is woven from polyester aerogel filaments. Aerogel polyester filaments have good moisture absorption, breathability and heat insulation. The temperature can be regulated by the characteristics of aerogel. For example, the porous structure of the aerogel surface allows air to circulate and prevents stuffiness caused by excessive heat insulation. The surface of the polyester aerogel filaments is equipped with a TiO2 and porous PU composite coating. This coating can shield radiation and ultraviolet light through the action of TiO2. The large specific surface area and microporous structure of porous PU realize the self-cleaning and antibacterial properties of the fabric.

[0032] (2) In the method for preparing solid-liquid phase change microcapsules given in this invention, a dicarboxylic acid made of 70 parts stearic acid and 30 parts palmitic acid is used as the phase change core material to form a specific phase change temperature and latent heat of phase change, ensuring that the phase change temperature is between 25 and 32°C; by adding silica nanoparticles during cross-linking and curing, the properties of the microcapsule wall material are improved, ensuring the durability and longevity of the solid-liquid phase change microcapsules.

[0033] (3) In the process of aerogel dispersion, the present invention adopts the method of stirring and ultrasonic vibration dispersion, which can disperse the aerogel powder into the basic spinning solution in a relatively gentle way; after ultrasonic vibration dispersion, terephthalic acid is further added, and terephthalic acid induces the arrangement and movement of molecular structure in the basic spinning solution, so that the aerogel powder is further dispersed under the action of molecular force, and promotes the uniform dispersion of aerogel powder in the basic spinning solution. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fabric of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is the weaving pattern of the fabric of this invention.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the moisture-absorbing and temperature-regulating yarn of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the hollow nylon filament structure of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 1-4 The structure consists of: 1. Temperature control layer; 2. Moisture-absorbing layer; 3. Support layer; 4. Antibacterial layer; 5. Temperature regulating layer; 6. Moisture-absorbing and temperature-regulating yarn; 7. Core yarn; 8. Outer yarn; 9. Hollow nylon filament. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Example 1

[0040] like Figures 1-4 An adaptive temperature and humidity regulating fabric comprises, from top to bottom, a temperature control layer 1, a moisture-absorbing layer 2, a support layer 3, an antibacterial layer 4, and a temperature regulating layer 5. The temperature control layer 1, moisture-absorbing layer 2, support layer 3, antibacterial layer 4, and temperature regulating layer 5 are connected by a weft-knitted five-layer air-layer structure. The temperature control layer 1 is woven from moisture-absorbing and temperature-regulating yarn 6. The moisture-absorbing and temperature-regulating yarn 6 has a core-spun structure, including a core yarn 7 and an outer yarn 8. The core yarn 7 is a modified PBT filament, and the outer yarn 8 is a nylon filament with a "Y"-shaped cross-section. The outer yarn 8 is evenly wrapped around the outside of the core yarn 7. Solid-liquid phase change microcapsules are uniformly dispersed in the modified PBT filament. The solid-liquid phase change microcapsules have a particle size of 1–3 μm, a core material of stearic acid-palmitic acid, and a wall material of chitosan-gelatin. The phase change temperature of the solid-liquid phase change microcapsules is 25–32 °C. The moisture-absorbing layer 2 is woven from hollow nylon filaments 9, the support layer 3 is woven from polyester filaments with a "double C" cross-section, the antibacterial layer 4 is woven from graphene-coated antibacterial polyester filaments, and the temperature-regulating layer 5 is woven from polyester-based aerogel filaments. The outer surface of the polyester-based aerogel filaments is uniformly coated with a nanocomposite coating, which is composed of TiO2 and porous PU. The hollow nylon filaments 9 have a hollowness of 10–20% and several grooves distributed on their surface. The thickness of the graphene coating is 1–3 μm. The five-layer air structure consists of a six-way looping system forming a loop. In the first and second looping systems, moisture-absorbing and temperature-regulating yarns 6 and hollow nylon filaments 9 are fed in simultaneously, and the temperature-regulating layer 1 and moisture-absorbing layer 2 are woven together in a cotton-over-polyester manner. In the third and sixth looping systems, polyester filaments with a "double C" cross-section are fed in simultaneously, and the support layer 3 is woven together. In the fourth and fifth looping systems, antibacterial polyester filaments and polyester-based aerogel filaments are fed in simultaneously, and the antibacterial layer 4 and temperature-regulating layer 5 are woven together in a cotton-over-polyester manner.

[0041] The fabric of this invention employs a five-layer air-layer weave, where each functional layer is self-contained, avoiding the problems of insufficient breathability and stiffness associated with traditional layering methods. The temperature-regulating layer of this invention uses moisture-wicking and temperature-regulating yarns to adaptively regulate temperature, resulting in superior comfort. The moisture-wicking layer rapidly absorbs and conducts moisture from the body surface, ensuring a comfortable and dry feel.

[0042] The fabric of this invention employs a five-layer structure, with a support layer ensuring its fullness. Since the moisture absorbed by the absorbent layer may lead to bacterial growth, an antibacterial layer is incorporated to maintain cleanliness. To maintain a balance of body humidity, a temperature-regulating layer controls the release of heat and moisture. This layer is woven from polyester-based aerogel filaments, which possess excellent moisture absorption, breathability, and heat insulation properties. Temperature can be regulated through the characteristics of aerogel; for example, the porous structure of the aerogel surface allows air circulation, preventing stuffiness caused by excessive insulation.

[0043] The surface of the polyester aerogel filament is coated with a composite coating of TiO2 and porous PU. The coating can shield radiation and ultraviolet light through the action of TiO2, and achieve the self-cleaning and antibacterial properties of the fabric through the large specific surface area and microporous structure of porous PU.

[0044] The preparation process of the polyester-based aerogel filament is as follows:

[0045] I. Preparation of basic spinning solution: Terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol are mixed in a molar ratio of 1:1.2 and stirred at 150-160℃ to form a basic polyester synthesis solution.

[0046] II. Aerogel dispersion: Add 3-8% of nano-aerogel powder (particle size 50-100nm) to the basic spinning solution prepared in step I. After ultrasonic dispersion for 30 minutes, add terephthalic acid and stir to form a spinning solution containing aerogel powder.

[0047] During the dispersion of aerogel, the method of stirring and ultrasonic oscillation dispersion can gently disperse the aerogel powder into the basic spinning solution. After ultrasonic oscillation dispersion, terephthalic acid is further added to induce the arrangement and movement of molecular structures in the basic spinning solution, so that the aerogel powder is further dispersed under the action of molecular forces, and promotes the uniform dispersion of aerogel powder in the basic spinning solution.

[0048] III. Esterification and Polymerization: Antimony trioxide (0.02–0.05% by mass) was added to the spinning solution prepared in step II as a catalyst, and the esterification reaction was carried out at a temperature of 220–240℃ and a pressure of 0.2–0.3 MPa for 2–3 h; then the temperature was raised to 270–280℃, and the vacuum was reduced to below 0.001 MPa to carry out the polycondensation reaction for 4–5 h to obtain polyester chips containing aerogel.

[0049] IV. Melt spinning: The polyester chips prepared in step III are placed in a vacuum dryer and dried at 120°C for 4 hours before melt spinning to obtain the initial grown filament.

[0050] V. Post-processing: The initial grown filament prepared in step IV is stretched by 3 to 4 times and then heat-set at 120 to 130°C for 30 minutes to obtain polyester-based aerogel filaments with a fineness of 50 to 100D.

[0051] The coating process for the nanocomposite coating is as follows:

[0052] I. Preparation of nanocomposite coating slurry: TiO2 nanoparticles (particle size 20-50nm) and porous PU resin are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:(8-12), and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and deionized water are added at a mass ratio of 5-8% and 20-30% respectively. The mixture is stirred and dispersed at high speed for 40-60 minutes, and then ground with a sand mill until the particle size is ≤1μm to obtain nanocomposite coating slurry.

[0053] II. Impregnation and Coating: The polyester-based aerogel filament is impregnated in the nanocomposite coating slurry prepared in step I. After impregnation for 1 hour, it is taken out and pre-dried at 80-90℃ for 10-15 minutes to remove surface moisture. Then it is sent to a curing oven at 120-130℃ for 20-25 minutes to allow the porous PU resin to fully cross-link and cure, thereby obtaining polyester-based aerogel filament with nanocomposite coating.

[0054] Sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate is used as a catalyst to fully combine TiO2 nanoparticles and porous PU resin. TiO2 can shield radiation and ultraviolet light, while the large specific surface area and microporous structure of porous PU enable the fabric to have self-cleaning and antibacterial properties.

[0055] The modified PBT filament is prepared as follows:

[0056] 1) Preparation of solid-liquid phase change microcapsules I. Core material preparation: 70 parts of stearic acid and 30 parts of palmitic acid are added to a reaction vessel to obtain a dicarboxylic acid. After melting and stirring at 60°C for 30 minutes, 0.5 parts of tea polyphenols are added and stirred for 10 minutes. The mixture is then kept warm for later use.

[0057] A dicarboxylic acid, made from 70 parts stearic acid and 30 parts palmitic acid, is used as the phase change core material to form a specific phase change temperature and latent heat of phase change, ensuring that the phase change temperature is between 25 and 32°C.

[0058] II. Preparation of wall material: Add 5% chitosan (pre-dissolved in 1% acetic acid) and 5% gelatin to deionized water by mass ratio, stir at 50°C until completely dissolved to form a 10% natural polymer aqueous solution by mass ratio, then add 0.5% Tween-80 by mass ratio, stir for 10 minutes, and then adjust the pH of the solution to 4.0.

[0059] III. Crosslinking and Curing: The core material prepared in step I is slowly added to the aqueous solution of the wall material prepared in step II, and emulsified at a high-speed shear rate of 2000 rpm for 30 minutes to form an emulsion with a particle size of 1-5 μm; 1% silica nanoparticle dispersion (solid content 20%) is added dropwise to the emulsion, and stirred at 50℃ for 30 minutes to allow the silica nanoparticles to be adsorbed onto the surface of the droplets; then, after cooling to 25℃, 1% epichlorohydrin (5% of the wall material mass) is added dropwise, and the pH of the solution is adjusted to 8.0. The solution is then reacted at 30℃ for 2 hours to achieve crosslinking and curing to form a solid-liquid phase change microcapsule liquid.

[0060] Adding silica nanoparticles during cross-linking and curing improves the properties of the microcapsule wall material. ① It can enhance the mechanical strength of microcapsules: Nano-SiO2 has excellent mechanical properties. It can fill the microcapsule wall structure formed by gelatin and chitosan, playing the role of "skeleton" support, thereby improving the overall mechanical strength of microcapsules. This makes them more resistant to external damage during subsequent use and processing (such as stirring, centrifugation, etc.), reducing the occurrence of microcapsule breakage and helping to maintain the integrity of microcapsules.

[0061] ② Improved thermal stability of microcapsules: Nano-SiO2 has excellent high-temperature resistance, which can improve the thermal stability of microcapsules. In applications or processing involving temperature changes, it can reduce structural changes or performance degradation of microcapsules caused by temperature, and better maintain the encapsulation effect of microcapsules on the core material in high-temperature environments.

[0062] ③ Optimize the dispersibility of microcapsules: The surface charge and other properties of nano-SiO2 help improve the dispersibility of gelatin-chitosan microcapsules in the system. This can reduce the aggregation of microcapsules, allowing them to be more uniformly distributed in the relevant system, which is very beneficial for the microcapsules to perform their functions (such as acting as carriers to deliver substances).

[0063] ④ Auxiliary cross-linking and curing of wall materials: Nano-SiO2 may interact with wall material components such as gelatin and chitosan, for example through hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces, to assist the cross-linking and curing process of the wall material, so that the wall material forms a more stable and dense structure, thereby improving the performance of microcapsules.

[0064] IV. Separation and Modification: The microcapsule liquid prepared in step III was separated by centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 15 minutes. Then, it was washed three times with deionized water to remove free impurities. The solid-liquid phase change microcapsule powder was obtained by vacuum drying at 60°C for 24 hours. The solid-liquid phase change microcapsule powder was added to anhydrous ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes. Then, 3% of the silane coupling agent KH550 by weight of the microcapsules was added. After stirring at 60°C for 2 hours, the mixture was filtered. Finally, it was vacuum dried at 80°C for 12 hours to obtain solid-liquid phase change microcapsules.

[0065] 2) Preparation of modified PBT filaments 90 parts of dried PBT were mixed with 10 parts of solid-liquid phase change microcapsules and fed into a twin-screw extruder. The temperature of the first zone of the screw was controlled at 230℃, the second zone at 250℃, and the third zone at 260℃ for melt blending. The screw speed was 150 rpm to uniformly disperse the microcapsules in the PBT melt to obtain a mixed solution. The mixed solution was then spun through a spinneret, cooled and shaped (cooling air temperature 20-25℃, air speed 0.3-0.5m / s), and drawn (drawing ratio 3.0-3.5 times, drawing temperature 80-90℃) to obtain PBT filaments.

[0066] In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention also includes other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by equivalent transformation or equivalent substitution should fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive temperature and humidity regulating fabric, characterized in that, The fabric comprises, from top to bottom, a temperature-regulating layer (1), a moisture-absorbing layer (2), a support layer (3), an antibacterial layer (4), and a temperature-regulating layer (5). The temperature-regulating layer (1), moisture-absorbing layer (2), support layer (3), antibacterial layer (4), and temperature-regulating layer (5) are connected by a weft-knitted five-layer air-layer structure. The temperature-regulating layer (1) is woven from moisture-absorbing and temperature-regulating yarn (6). The moisture-absorbing and temperature-regulating yarn (6) has a core-spun structure, including a core filament (7) and an outer sheath filament (8). The core filament (7) is a modified PBT filament, and the outer sheath filament (8)... 8) The nylon filament has a "Y" shaped cross section, and the outer sheath filament (8) is evenly wrapped around the outside of the core filament (7); the moisture-absorbing layer (2) is woven from hollow nylon filament (9), the support layer (3) is woven from polyester filament with a "double C" shaped cross section, the antibacterial layer (4) is woven from graphene-coated antibacterial polyester filament, the temperature-regulating layer (5) is woven from polyester-based aerogel filament, and the outer surface of the polyester-based aerogel filament is uniformly coated with a nanocomposite coating, which is composed of TiO2 and porous PU.

2. The adaptive temperature and humidity regulating fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation process of the polyester-based aerogel filament is as follows: I. Preparation of basic spinning solution: Terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol are mixed in a molar ratio of 1:1.2 and stirred at 150-160℃ to form a basic polyester synthesis solution; II. Aerogel dispersion: Add nano-aerogel powder (particle size 50-100nm) accounting for (3-8)% of the total mass to the basic spinning solution prepared in step I. After ultrasonic dispersion for 30 min, add terephthalic acid and stir to form a spinning solution containing aerogel powder. III. Esterification and Polymerization: Antimony trioxide (0.02–0.05% by mass) was added to the spinning solution prepared in step II as a catalyst, and the esterification reaction was carried out at a temperature of 220–240℃ and a pressure of 0.2–0.3 MPa for 2–3 hours; then the temperature was raised to 270–280℃, and the vacuum was reduced to below 0.001 MPa to carry out the polycondensation reaction for 4–5 hours to obtain polyester chips containing aerogel. IV. Melt spinning: The polyester chips prepared in step III are placed in a vacuum dryer and dried at 120°C for 4 hours before melt spinning to obtain the initial grown filament; V. Post-processing: The initial grown filament prepared in step IV is stretched by 3 to 4 times and then heat-set at 120 to 130°C for 30 minutes to obtain polyester-based aerogel filaments with a fineness of 50 to 100D.

3. The adaptive temperature and humidity regulating fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coating process for the nanocomposite coating is as follows: I. Preparation of nanocomposite coating slurry: TiO2 nanoparticles (particle size 20-50nm) are mixed with porous PU resin at a mass ratio of 1:(8-12), and sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate and deionized water are added at a mass ratio of 5-8% of the total mass of the mixture. The mixture is stirred and dispersed at high speed for 40-60 minutes, and then ground with a sand mill until the particle size is ≤1μm to obtain nanocomposite coating slurry; II. Impregnation and Coating: The polyester-based aerogel filament is impregnated in the nanocomposite coating slurry prepared in step I. After impregnation for 1 hour, it is taken out and pre-dried at 80-90℃ for 10-15 minutes to remove surface moisture. Then it is sent to a curing oven at 120-130℃ for 20-25 minutes to allow the porous PU resin to fully cross-link and cure, thereby obtaining polyester-based aerogel filament with nanocomposite coating.

4. The adaptive temperature and humidity regulating fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, Solid-liquid phase change microcapsules are uniformly dispersed in the modified PBT filaments. The particle size of the solid-liquid phase change microcapsules is 1-3 μm. The core material of the solid-liquid phase change microcapsules is stearic acid-palmitic acid, the wall material is chitosan-gelatin, and the phase change temperature of the solid-liquid phase change microcapsules is 25-32℃.

5. The adaptive temperature and humidity regulating fabric according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method for preparing the modified PBT filament is as follows: 1) Preparation of solid-liquid phase change microcapsules I. Core material preparation: Add 70 parts of stearic acid and 30 parts of palmitic acid to the reaction vessel, melt and stir at 60°C for 30 minutes, then add 0.5 parts of tea polyphenols, stir for 10 minutes, and keep warm for later use; II. Wall material preparation: Add 5% chitosan (pre-dissolved in 1% acetic acid) and 5% gelatin to deionized water by mass ratio, stir at 50°C until completely dissolved to form a 10% natural polymer aqueous solution by mass ratio, then add 0.5% Tween-80 by mass ratio, stir for 10 minutes, and then adjust the pH of the solution to 4.

0. III. Cross-linking and curing: The core material prepared in step I is slowly added to the aqueous solution of the wall material prepared in step II, and emulsified at a high-speed shear rate of 2000 rpm for 30 minutes to form an emulsion with a particle size of 1-5 μm; 1% silica nanoparticle dispersion (solid content 20%) is added dropwise to the emulsion, and stirred at 50℃ for 30 minutes to allow the silica nanoparticles to be adsorbed onto the surface of the droplets; then, after cooling to 25℃, 1% epichlorohydrin (5% of the wall material mass) is added dropwise, and the pH of the solution is adjusted to 8.

0. After reacting at 30℃ for 2 hours, cross-linking and curing are achieved to form solid-liquid phase change microcapsule liquid; IV. Separation and Modification: The microcapsule liquid prepared in step III was separated by centrifugation at 3000 rpm for 15 minutes. Then, it was washed three times with deionized water to remove free impurities. The solid-liquid phase change microcapsule powder was then obtained by vacuum drying at 60°C for 24 hours. The solid-liquid phase change microcapsule powder was added to anhydrous ethanol and ultrasonically dispersed for 30 minutes. Then, 3% of the silane coupling agent KH550 by the mass of the microcapsules was added. After stirring at 60°C for 2 hours, the mixture was filtered. Finally, it was vacuum dried at 80°C for 12 hours to obtain solid-liquid phase change microcapsules. 2) Preparation of modified PBT filaments 90 parts of dried PBT were mixed with 10 parts of solid-liquid phase change microcapsules and fed into a twin-screw extruder. The temperature of the first zone of the screw was controlled at 230℃, the second zone at 250℃, and the third zone at 260℃ for melt blending. The screw speed was 150 rpm to uniformly disperse the microcapsules in the PBT melt to obtain a mixed solution. The mixed solution was then spun through a spinneret, cooled and shaped (cooling air temperature 20-25℃, air speed 0.3-0.5m / s), and drawn (drawing ratio 3.0-3.5 times, drawing temperature 80-90℃) to obtain PBT filaments.

6. The adaptive temperature and humidity regulating fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hollow nylon filament (9) has a hollowness of 10-20% and its surface is distributed with several grooves.

7. The adaptive temperature and humidity regulating fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the graphene coating is 1–3 μm.

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