Photovoltaic support integrated rainwater collection system for island beach photovoltaic power station

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic support integrated rainwater collection system for an island beach photovoltaic power station. The photovoltaic support integrated rainwater collection system comprises a water storage device and a photovoltaic array. In the photovoltaic array, a supporting truss is longitudinally arranged on a fixed pile foundation, and a photovoltaic assembly is installed on the supporting truss; the water collecting U-shaped groove is connected with the supporting truss and is arranged at the lower edge of the photovoltaic module, and the edge is lower than the lower edge of the photovoltaic module; the water collecting U-shaped groove is provided with a gradient, and the cable clamping groove is fixed to the inner edge of the water collecting U-shaped groove; the water collecting U-shaped groove is connected with the supporting truss through a motor rotating shaft to adjust the angle; the two water collection U-shaped grooves are obliquely arranged from the two ends of the corresponding photovoltaic array to the middle and are connected to the water collection sedimentation tank located in the middle of the photovoltaic array; the water collection sedimentation tank is communicated with the water storage device; structural parameters of the water collecting U-shaped groove are dynamically determined based on meteorological data and uniformly distributed loads. According to the invention, the problems of shortage of cleaning water and high water supply cost of the island photovoltaic power station can be solved, and the efficiency and economical efficiency of the photovoltaic power station are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation technology, and in particular to an integrated rainwater harvesting system for photovoltaic support structures used in photovoltaic power plants on islands and tidal flats. Background Technology

[0002] On islands far from the mainland, energy and freshwater constitute the two core issues for survival. These islands have long relied on high-cost, high-pollution diesel generators to meet their electricity needs. Simultaneously, due to their small size and steep terrain, rainwater is difficult to retain effectively, resulting in extremely scarce freshwater resources. Against this backdrop, utilizing the islands' abundant solar resources and vast tidal flats to build photovoltaic power plants has become an inevitable choice for achieving energy self-sufficiency, reducing electricity costs, and protecting fragile ecosystems. However, this solution still faces many challenges in practical application.

[0003] Routine operation and maintenance cleaning of photovoltaic power plants is particularly challenging. Photovoltaic panels, constantly exposed to the coastal environment, are highly susceptible to contaminants such as high salt spray, sand, and bird droppings, leading to a significant decrease in power generation efficiency. While freshwater cleaning is essential for maintaining efficient operation, obtaining large quantities of cleaning water is not only costly but also difficult and unreliable in the context of scarce freshwater resources on islands. Furthermore, the construction and maintenance personnel of photovoltaic power plants, as well as the daily lives of island residents—including drinking water, agriculture, and aquaculture—all require a stable and reliable freshwater supply, which conventional freshwater supply methods cannot meet.

[0004] Existing solutions have significant limitations. Shipping fresh water is costly, subject to weather and sea conditions, unsustainable, and results in high carbon emissions. Building large-scale desalination plants requires huge initial investments, consumes a lot of energy, and is complex and costly to operate and maintain. Discharge of concentrated brine may impact nearshore ecosystems, making it uneconomical or unsuitable for limited-scale island photovoltaic projects. Relying on limited island water resources may encroach on residential water supply, causing social conflicts, and usually cannot meet the large-scale cleaning needs of power plants. Using seawater for cleaning accelerates the corrosion of photovoltaic modules, shortens equipment lifespan, and increases maintenance costs and safety hazards. On the other hand, reducing the frequency of cleaning or relying on rainfall directly leads to a loss of power generation efficiency and reduces the economic viability of the project.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a technical solution to address the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an integrated rainwater harvesting system for photovoltaic support structures in island and tidal flat photovoltaic power plants. The technical solution of this system is as follows: Includes: a water storage tank and at least one photovoltaic array; each photovoltaic array includes: photovoltaic modules, fixed pile foundation, supporting truss, water collection U-shaped channel, cable tray, cable, anchor bolts, motor shaft and water collection sedimentation tank; In each photovoltaic array: the supporting truss is longitudinally arranged on the fixed pile foundation to support the photovoltaic modules; the photovoltaic modules are installed on the supporting truss; the water collection U-shaped channel is connected to the supporting truss through the anchor bolts and is located at the lower edge of the photovoltaic modules; the edge of the water collection U-shaped channel is lower than the lower edge of the photovoltaic modules; the channel body of the water collection U-shaped channel is sloped to allow rainwater to flow by gravity; the cable slot is fixed to the inner edge of the water collection U-shaped channel to accommodate the cables; the water collection U-shaped channel is connected to the supporting truss through a motor shaft to adjust the angle of the water collection U-shaped channel; there are two water collection U-shaped channels, which are respectively arranged at both ends of the corresponding photovoltaic array towards the middle and connected to the water collection sedimentation tank located in the middle of the corresponding photovoltaic array; the water collection sedimentation tank is connected to the water storage tank through a valve; wherein, the structural parameters of the water collection U-shaped channel are based on meteorological data and uniformly distributed load of the deployment area and determined through structural mechanics and hydraulic calculations.

[0007] The beneficial effects of the photovoltaic bracket integrated rainwater harvesting system for photovoltaic power stations on islands and tidal flats of the present invention are as follows: The system of this invention can solve the problems of water shortage and high water supply cost for cleaning in island photovoltaic power plants, while reducing the dependence on traditional freshwater transportation and high-energy-consuming seawater desalination technology, thus improving the efficiency and economy of photovoltaic power plants.

[0008] Based on the above solution, the photovoltaic bracket integrated rainwater harvesting system for photovoltaic power stations on islands and tidal flats of the present invention can be further improved as follows.

[0009] In one alternative approach, the structural parameters include: minimum cross-sectional area; The minimum cross-sectional area is determined as follows: Calculate the design storm flow Where c is the runoff coefficient, i is the design rainfall intensity determined based on the meteorological data of the deployment area, and A is the catchment area; Calculate the rainwater flow velocity within the U-shaped collection channel. Where n is the roughness coefficient, R is the hydraulic radius, and S is the slope of the U-shaped water collection channel; Calculate the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the water collection U-shaped channel. .

[0010] In an alternative approach, the structural parameters further include: depth and width values; The formulas for calculating the depth and width values ​​are as follows: , ;in, The depth value, The width value, The aspect ratio of the U-shaped water collection channel; Let be the cross-sectional area of ​​the water collection U-shaped channel, and .

[0011] In one alternative approach, the structural parameters further include: a thickness value; The formula for calculating the thickness value is: Wherein, W is the uniformly distributed load, and L is the support span of the U-shaped water collection channel. The allowable stress is the material used for the water collection U-shaped channel.

[0012] In one alternative approach, the uniformly distributed load includes: rainwater load; The formula for calculating the rainwater load is: ; For rainwater load, Let g be the density of rainwater, and g be the acceleration due to gravity. This refers to the volume of rainwater that can be contained per unit length of the U-shaped water collection channel.

[0013] In one alternative approach, the deflection of the water collection U-shaped channel is checked to ensure maximum deflection. ; Wherein, the maximum deflection The calculation formula is: E is the elastic modulus of the material, and I is the moment of inertia of the U-shaped water collection channel about the neutral axis.

[0014] In one alternative approach, when the maximum deflection... If so, increase the thickness of the U-shaped water collection channel or decrease the support span.

[0015] In one alternative approach, the cable is secured to the inner edge of the U-shaped water collection channel via the cable clip, so that the cable is not in contact with rainwater and is in a light-protected environment.

[0016] In one alternative approach, the depth-to-width ratio of the water collection U-shaped channel ranges from 1.5 to 2.0.

[0017] In one alternative approach, the slope of the water collection U-shaped channel is set to 1% to 3%.

[0018] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and in order to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention are described below. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the photovoltaic bracket integrated rainwater harvesting system for a photovoltaic power station on an island or tidal flat according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is the left view of the photovoltaic array; Figure 3 This is a front view of the photovoltaic array; Figure 4 This is an axonometric view of the photovoltaic array. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

[0021] Figures 1 to 4 This diagram illustrates a structural schematic of an embodiment of an integrated rainwater harvesting system for photovoltaic power plants on islands and tidal flats, provided by the present invention. Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the system includes: Includes: a water storage tank and at least one photovoltaic array; each photovoltaic array includes: photovoltaic modules, fixed pile foundation, supporting truss, water collection U-shaped channel, cable tray, cable, anchor bolts, motor shaft and water collection sedimentation tank; In each photovoltaic array: the supporting truss is longitudinally arranged on the fixed pile foundation to support the photovoltaic modules; the photovoltaic modules are installed on the supporting truss; the water collection U-shaped channel is connected to the supporting truss through the anchor bolts and is located at the lower edge of the photovoltaic modules; the edge of the water collection U-shaped channel is lower than the lower edge of the photovoltaic modules; the channel body of the water collection U-shaped channel is sloped to allow rainwater to flow by gravity; the cable slot is fixed to the inner edge of the water collection U-shaped channel to accommodate the cables; the water collection U-shaped channel is connected to the supporting truss through a motor shaft to adjust the angle of the water collection U-shaped channel; there are two water collection U-shaped channels, which are respectively arranged at both ends of the corresponding photovoltaic array towards the middle and connected to the water collection sedimentation tank located in the middle of the corresponding photovoltaic array; the water collection sedimentation tank is connected to the water storage tank through a valve; wherein, the structural parameters of the water collection U-shaped channel are based on meteorological data and uniformly distributed load of the deployment area and determined through structural mechanics and hydraulic calculations.

[0022] Among them, a water storage device refers to a container or facility used to store rainwater that has undergone sedimentation treatment; for example, a 50m³ capacity water storage device installed underground near a photovoltaic array. 3The polyethylene water storage tank is used to store collected rainwater for cleaning photovoltaic modules or for domestic use. A photovoltaic array refers to an integrated power generation unit formed by multiple photovoltaic modules arranged and connected according to certain rules and fixed by a supporting structure; for example, a power generation unit consisting of 24 standard photovoltaic modules arranged in 4 rows and 6 columns, installed on the tidal flat via a supporting truss and fixed pile foundation. A photovoltaic module refers to a basic unit that directly converts solar energy into electrical energy, typically including solar cells, encapsulation materials, frames, and junction boxes; for example, a monocrystalline silicon solar panel with a rated power of 550W. A fixed pile foundation refers to a foundation component fixed in the ground to bear and transmit the load of the supporting truss and its superstructure; for example, steel pipe piles driven into the tidal flat foundation to a depth of not less than 2m. A supporting truss refers to a metal frame structure longitudinally arranged on the fixed pile foundation to support and fix the photovoltaic modules; for example, a triangular lattice truss welded from Q235 steel. A U-shaped water collection trough refers to a U-shaped cross-section used to collect and guide rainwater flowing down the surface of photovoltaic modules; for example, a long U-shaped trough made of galvanized steel sheet with a trough opening width of 300mm. A cable tray refers to a component fixed to the inner edge of the U-shaped water collection trough to accommodate and secure cables; for example, a cable tray made of engineering plastic with a snap-fit ​​structure that restrains the cable to the inner wall of the U-shaped trough. A cable refers to a conductor used to transmit the power generated by the photovoltaic modules; for example, a conductor with a cross-section of 4mm². 2 Photovoltaic-specific DC cables. Anchor bolts refer to fasteners used for a reliable mechanical connection between the U-shaped water collection channel and the supporting truss; for example, M12 high-strength hexagonal head bolts conforming to GB / T 5780 standard. A water collection sedimentation tank refers to a pool-like structure located in the middle of the photovoltaic array to collect rainwater from the U-shaped water collection channel and allow suspended solids in the water to settle; for example, a tank with a volume of approximately 0.5 m³. 3The underground brick-built plastered water tank. The motor shaft refers to the shaft system component that connects the U-shaped water collection channel to the supporting truss and can be rotated in a controlled manner to adjust the angle of the U-shaped water collection channel; it typically includes a drive motor; for example, a stepper motor with a rated torque of 50 N·m and its output shaft. The valve refers to the device installed between the outlet of the sedimentation tank and the inlet pipe of the water storage tank to control the flow of water; for example, a DN50 UPVC ball valve. Structural parameters refer to key indicators describing the geometric dimensions and material properties of the U-shaped water collection channel; for example, the minimum cross-sectional area, depth, width, and thickness of the U-shaped water collection channel. The deployment area refers to the specific geographical location of the photovoltaic power station and this rainwater harvesting system. Meteorological data refers to climate and weather characteristic data obtained through long-term observation and statistics of the deployment area; for example, 10-year return period rainfall intensity data, basic wind pressure, and snow pressure data provided by island weather stations. Uniformly distributed load refers to a load that is evenly distributed along the length of the U-shaped drainage channel; for example, the weight of rainwater acting on the U-shaped drainage channel, and the line load formed by the combination of wind load and snow load determined by local meteorological data. Structural mechanics and hydraulic calculations refer to the quantitative analysis process based on mechanical and hydraulic principles to determine the structural parameters of the U-shaped drainage channel; for example, determining the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the channel by calculating the design storm flow rate and rainwater velocity, and determining the channel wall thickness by calculating the bending moment and deflection under uniformly distributed load.

[0023] Specifically, in each photovoltaic array, it should be noted that: 1) The support truss is installed on the fixed pile foundation with its length perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The top of the support truss is used to support and fix the photovoltaic modules. The photovoltaic modules are fastened to the upper surface of the support truss through mounting holes on the back and corresponding connectors on the support truss.

[0024] 2) The U-shaped water collection channel is mechanically connected to the supporting truss by anchor bolts passing through pre-drilled holes in the channel wall and tightening them with threaded holes on the side of the supporting truss. The upper edge of the U-shaped water collection channel is parallel to and adjacent to the lower edge of the photovoltaic module. The plane containing the upper edge of the U-shaped water collection channel is lower than the plane containing the outer surface of the lower edge of the photovoltaic module in the vertical direction to avoid shading the photovoltaic module.

[0025] 3) The bottom of the U-shaped water collection trough has a continuous and fixed inclination along its length, which allows the liquid inside the trough to flow downwards under its own gravity. The cable clamp is fixed to the upper part of the inner wall of the U-shaped water collection trough by clips or bolts on the base, and the channel formed inside the cable clamp is used to restrain and accommodate the cable.

[0026] 4) The back of the U-shaped water collection trough is hinged to the supporting truss via a motor shaft assembly. This motor shaft assembly, upon receiving a control signal, drives the U-shaped water collection trough to rotate around its axis, thereby changing the trough's tilt angle relative to the horizontal plane. Each photovoltaic array is equipped with two independent U-shaped water collection troughs. These two troughs originate at both ends of the photovoltaic array along its length and guide water flow towards the central area of ​​the array via the trough's bottom slope, ultimately directing rainwater into a sedimentation tank located in the center of the photovoltaic array.

[0027] 5) The outlet of the sedimentation tank is connected to the inlet of the water storage tank via a pipe, and a valve is installed on this pipe to control the flow of water. The key structural dimensions of the U-shaped water collection trough, including its cross-sectional geometry and wall thickness, were determined through calculation and analysis using long-term meteorological observation data of the photovoltaic power station construction site and the uniformly distributed load acting on the U-shaped water collection trough, comprehensively applying structural mechanics theory and hydraulic principles.

[0028] The technical solution of this embodiment can solve the problems of water shortage and high water supply cost for cleaning in island photovoltaic power plants, while reducing the dependence on traditional freshwater transportation and high-energy-consuming seawater desalination technology, thus improving the efficiency and economy of photovoltaic power plants.

[0029] In one alternative approach, the structural parameters include: minimum cross-sectional area; The minimum cross-sectional area is determined as follows: Calculate the design storm flow Where c is the runoff coefficient, i is the design rainfall intensity determined based on the meteorological data of the deployment area, and A is the catchment area; Calculate the rainwater flow velocity within the U-shaped collection channel. Where n is the roughness coefficient, R is the hydraulic radius, and S is the slope of the U-shaped water collection channel; Calculate the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the water collection U-shaped channel. .

[0030] The minimum cross-sectional area refers to the minimum cross-sectional area required for the U-shaped drainage channel to ensure smooth passage of rainwater without overflow under the design storm flow rate. For example, the minimum cross-sectional area required for the U-shaped drainage channel can be calculated. It is 0.015m 2 Design stormwater flow rate refers to the maximum stormwater flow rate used in system design, determined based on meteorological data of the deployment area; for example, according to the formula... The calculated design storm flow rate Q for the photovoltaic array is 0.002 m³ / s. 3 / s. Runoff coefficient refers to the proportion of rainfall that forms surface runoff; for example, the runoff coefficient of the photovoltaic module surface is taken as 0.9, and the weighted average yields a comprehensive runoff coefficient c of 0.85 for the entire catchment area. Design rainfall intensity refers to the rainfall per unit time under a specific return period, based on meteorological data of the deployment area; for example, according to the local rainstorm intensity formula, the 5-minute rainfall intensity i with a 5-year return period is taken as 0.00015 m / s. Catchment area refers to the total projected area pointing towards the same collection point during rainwater collection; for example, the projected area A on the horizontal plane of the photovoltaic module surface collected by a single U-shaped catchment trough is 30 m². 2 Rainwater flow velocity refers to the speed at which rainwater flows within the U-shaped collection channel; for example, according to Manning's formula... The calculated rainwater flow velocity v in the trough is 0.8 m / s. Roughness coefficient refers to the coefficient reflecting the resistance of the inner wall of the U-shaped trough to water flow; for example, the Manning roughness coefficient n of an aluminized zinc steel trough is taken as 0.012. Hydraulic radius refers to the ratio of the cross-sectional area to the wetted perimeter; for example, for a U-shaped trough, its hydraulic radius R is the quotient of the cross-sectional area A and the wetted perimeter X. Slope refers to the degree of inclination of the bottom of the U-shaped trough along the water flow direction, usually expressed as a percentage of the height difference to the horizontal distance; for example, a 2% slope means a drop of 2 cm per meter of length.

[0031] Among the above-mentioned optional methods, the rainwater collection efficiency can be further optimized by calculating the minimum cross-sectional area to ensure smooth drainage of rainwater during heavy rain and improve the system's water collection capacity.

[0032] In an alternative approach, the structural parameters further include: depth and width values; The formulas for calculating the depth and width values ​​are as follows: , ;in, The depth value, The width value, The aspect ratio of the U-shaped water collection channel; Let be the cross-sectional area of ​​the water collection U-shaped channel, and .

[0033] The depth value refers to the vertical distance from the inner surface of the bottom of the U-shaped water collection channel to the plane of the channel opening; for example, according to the formula... Calculations determined that the depth H of the U-shaped water collection channel is 0.15m. The width refers to the inner width of the cross-section of the U-shaped water collection channel at the opening; for example, according to the formula... Calculations determined that the width B of the U-shaped water collection channel is 0.3m. The depth-to-width ratio refers to the ratio of the depth to the width of the U-shaped water collection channel; for example, the depth-to-width ratio k of the U-shaped water collection channel is 2.0.

[0034] Among the above-mentioned alternatives, further utilizing the depth and width formulas for design can optimize the U-shaped water collection channel structure, balance rainwater capacity and material costs, and achieve structural economy.

[0035] In one alternative approach, the structural parameters further include: a thickness value; The formula for calculating the thickness value is: Wherein, W is the uniformly distributed load, and L is the support span of the U-shaped water collection channel. The allowable stress is the material used for the water collection U-shaped channel.

[0036] The thickness value refers to the thickness of the plates that make up the U-shaped water collection trough; for example, according to the formula... After calculation and rounding, the steel plate thickness t used in the U-shaped water collection channel is 1.5mm. The support span refers to the center-to-center distance between two adjacent support points of the U-shaped water collection channel; for example, the support span L of the U-shaped water collection channel is 3m. The allowable stress of the material used refers to the maximum stress that the material used in the U-shaped water collection channel can withstand while ensuring safety; for example, Q235 steel has a yield strength of 235 MPa, and taking a safety factor of 3, the allowable stress is... It is approximately 78 MPa.

[0037] In the above-mentioned optional methods, the load-bearing capacity of the tank can be further enhanced by calculating based on the thickness formula, thereby ensuring the stability of the system.

[0038] In one alternative approach, the uniformly distributed load includes: rainwater load; The formula for calculating the rainwater load is: ; For rainwater load, Let g be the density of rainwater, and g be the acceleration due to gravity. This refers to the volume of rainwater that can be contained per unit length of the U-shaped water collection channel.

[0039] Rainwater load refers to the uniformly distributed load generated by the weight of rainwater contained per unit length within the U-shaped drainage trough; for example, according to the formula, the rainwater load per unit length is 150 N / m. The rainwater volume that can be contained per unit length refers to the maximum volume of rainwater that the U-shaped drainage trough can hold per unit length; for example, the rainwater volume that can be contained per unit length of the U-shaped trough is its effective cross-sectional area, calculated to be 0.015 m². 3 / m.

[0040] Among the above-mentioned optional methods, rainwater load calculations can be used to accurately assess the stress on the trough and improve the reliability of the design.

[0041] In one alternative approach, the deflection of the water collection U-shaped channel is checked to ensure maximum deflection. ; Wherein, the maximum deflection The calculation formula is: E is the elastic modulus of the material, and I is the moment of inertia of the U-shaped water collection channel about the neutral axis.

[0042] Among them, deflection verification refers to: verifying the maximum bending deformation of the U-shaped water collection channel under load to ensure that it meets the stiffness requirements; for example, calculating the maximum deflection. It is required that it not exceed 1 / 200 of the support span L. The elastic modulus of a material refers to the ratio of stress to strain during the elastic deformation stage, reflecting the material's ability to resist elastic deformation; for example, the elastic modulus E of steel is 2.1 × 10⁻⁶. 11 Pa. Moment of inertia refers to the geometric parameter that describes the resistance of a cross-section to bending; for example, the moment of inertia I of the cross-section of a U-shaped water collection channel about its neutral axis is calculated to be 1.2 × 10⁻⁶. -6 m 4 Maximum deflection refers to the maximum bending deformation displacement of the U-shaped water collection channel under a uniformly distributed load; for example, according to the formula... Calculate the maximum deflection of the U-shaped water collection channel. It is 0.008m.

[0043] In the above-mentioned optional methods, further deflection verification is carried out to control the maximum deformation and ensure the long-term structural stability of the system.

[0044] In one alternative approach, when the maximum deflection... If so, increase the thickness of the U-shaped water collection channel or decrease the support span.

[0045] Among the above-mentioned optional methods, the thickness or support span can be further adjusted to optimize the stiffness of the tank and enhance the durability of the system.

[0046] In one alternative approach, the cable is secured to the inner edge of the U-shaped water collection channel via the cable clip, so that the cable is not in contact with rainwater and is in a light-protected environment.

[0047] Among the above-mentioned optional methods, cable trays can be further designed to prevent cables from coming into contact with rainwater, extend cable life, and ensure system safety.

[0048] In one alternative approach, the depth-to-width ratio of the water collection U-shaped channel ranges from 1.5 to 2.0.

[0049] Among the above-mentioned optional methods, the depth-to-width ratio is further limited, the shape of the trough is optimized, and the efficiency of rainwater flow is improved.

[0050] In one alternative approach, the slope of the water collection U-shaped channel is set to 1% to 3%.

[0051] Among the above-mentioned optional methods, the slope of the trough should be further specified to ensure the gravity flow of rainwater and reduce the energy consumption of the system.

[0052] In this embodiment, it should be noted that: Photovoltaic modules are installed at a preset tilt angle. Rainwater falling on the surface of the modules flows downwards along the tilted surface due to gravity and flows into a U-shaped collection trough located directly below the lower edge of the modules. Considering that the length of a single photovoltaic array is typically between 25m and 35m, placing the collection sedimentation tank in the middle of the array helps shorten the rainwater runoff path. Each photovoltaic array is equipped with two collection U-shaped troughs. These two troughs start from both ends along the length of the photovoltaic array and are inclined towards the middle of the array with a bottom slope of 1% to 3%, ensuring that the rainwater flowing into the troughs can flow naturally to the collection sedimentation tank in the middle of the array entirely by gravity. After a period of settling in the collection sedimentation tank, the rainwater undergoes sedimentation. Once the suspended solids carried in the rainwater have settled and separated, the operator opens a valve to guide the clarified rainwater from the upper layer of the sedimentation tank into a storage tank for storage.

[0053] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of disclosure in this invention is not limited to technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the above-disclosed concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this invention.

[0054] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and represent a limitation on a specific order or sequence. Where appropriate, the order of use for similar objects can be interchanged so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in an order other than that shown or described.

[0055] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated rainwater harvesting system for photovoltaic brackets in island and tidal flat photovoltaic power stations, characterized in that, include: Water storage device and at least one photovoltaic array; Each photovoltaic array includes: photovoltaic modules, fixed pile foundations, supporting trusses, water collection U-shaped channels, cable trays, cables, anchor bolts, motor shafts, and water collection sedimentation tanks; In each photovoltaic array: the supporting truss is longitudinally arranged on the fixed pile foundation to support the photovoltaic modules; the photovoltaic modules are installed on the supporting truss; the water collection U-shaped channel is connected to the supporting truss through the anchor bolts and is located at the lower edge of the photovoltaic modules; the edge of the water collection U-shaped channel is lower than the lower edge of the photovoltaic modules; the channel body of the water collection U-shaped channel is sloped to allow rainwater to flow by gravity; the cable slot is fixed to the inner edge of the water collection U-shaped channel to accommodate the cables; the water collection U-shaped channel is connected to the supporting truss through the motor shaft to adjust the angle of the water collection U-shaped channel; there are two water collection U-shaped channels, which are arranged inclined from both ends of the corresponding photovoltaic array towards the middle and connected to the water collection sedimentation tank located in the middle of the corresponding photovoltaic array; the water collection sedimentation tank is connected to the water storage tank through a valve; wherein, the structural parameters of the water collection U-shaped channel are determined based on meteorological data and uniformly distributed load of the deployment area, and through structural mechanics and hydraulic calculations.

2. The photovoltaic bracket integrated rainwater harvesting system for island and tidal flat photovoltaic power stations according to claim 1, characterized in that, The structural parameters include: minimum cross-sectional area; The minimum cross-sectional area is determined as follows: Calculate the design storm flow Where c is the runoff coefficient, i is the design rainfall intensity determined based on the meteorological data of the deployment area, and A is the catchment area; Calculate the rainwater flow velocity within the U-shaped collection channel. Where n is the roughness coefficient, R is the hydraulic radius, and S is the slope of the U-shaped water collection channel; Calculate the minimum cross-sectional area of ​​the water collection U-shaped channel. .

3. The photovoltaic bracket integrated rainwater harvesting system for photovoltaic power stations on islands and tidal flats according to claim 2, characterized in that, The structural parameters also include: depth and width values; The formulas for calculating the depth and width values ​​are as follows: , ;in, The depth value, The width value, The aspect ratio of the U-shaped water collection channel; Let be the cross-sectional area of ​​the water collection U-shaped channel, and .

4. The photovoltaic bracket integrated rainwater harvesting system for photovoltaic power stations on islands and tidal flats according to claim 3, characterized in that, The structural parameters also include: thickness value; The formula for calculating the thickness value is: Wherein, W is the uniformly distributed load, and L is the support span of the U-shaped water collection channel. The allowable stress is the material used for the U-shaped water collection channel.

5. The photovoltaic bracket integrated rainwater harvesting system for photovoltaic power stations on islands and tidal flats according to claim 4, characterized in that, The uniformly distributed load includes: rainwater load; The formula for calculating the rainwater load is: ; For rainwater load, Let g be the density of rainwater, and g be the acceleration due to gravity. This refers to the volume of rainwater that can be contained per unit length of the U-shaped water collection channel.

6. The photovoltaic bracket integrated rainwater harvesting system for photovoltaic power stations on islands and tidal flats according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The deflection of the water collection U-shaped channel is checked to ensure maximum deflection. ; Wherein, the maximum deflection The calculation formula is: E is the elastic modulus of the material, and I is the moment of inertia of the U-shaped water collection channel about the neutral axis.

7. The photovoltaic bracket integrated rainwater harvesting system for photovoltaic power stations on islands and tidal flats according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the maximum deflection If so, increase the thickness of the U-shaped water collection channel or decrease the support span.

8. The photovoltaic bracket integrated rainwater harvesting system for photovoltaic power stations on islands and tidal flats according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cable is secured to the inner edge of the U-shaped water collection channel via the cable slot, so that the cable does not come into contact with rainwater and is kept in a light-protected environment.

9. The photovoltaic bracket integrated rainwater harvesting system for photovoltaic power stations on islands and tidal flats according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that, The depth-to-width ratio of the U-shaped water collection channel ranges from 1.5 to 2.

0.

10. The photovoltaic bracket integrated rainwater harvesting system for photovoltaic power stations on islands and tidal flats according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that, The slope of the U-shaped water collection channel is set to 1% to 3%.

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