Testing device and testing method for bogie axle box spring

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bogie axle box spring testing, and particularly discloses a testing device and a testing method for a bogie axle box spring, and the testing device for the bogie axle box spring comprises a testing frame, a load loading part, a leveling part and a load force measuring part. The end loads of the two ends of the to-be-tested spring can be tested by using the first force measuring disc and the second force measuring disc, so that the actual working condition of the axle box spring (namely the to-be-tested spring) and the load distribution condition of the upper and lower end faces of the to-be-tested spring under different loads can be accurately simulated; therefore, the installation angle of the axle box spring is guided according to the distribution rule of the end load of the to-be-tested spring, thereby improving the suspension performance of the locomotive and prolonging the fatigue life of the axle box bearing. The bogie axle box spring testing device makes up for the shortages of the prior art, and solves the problem that the existing spring testing device cannot detect the load distribution at the end part of the axle box spring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bogie axle box spring testing technology, and in particular to a testing device and testing method for bogie axle box springs. Background Technology

[0002] As locomotives age, fatigue issues will emerge in the bogie suspension system. The service life of the axle box bearings is a key research focus, as the load on these bearings primarily originates from the axle box springs.

[0003] Axle box springs are an important component of the locomotive bogie suspension system, primarily serving to support the car body and improve vehicle ride comfort and fatigue life. The load is transferred from the axle box spring to the axle box and then to the axle box bearing. The off-center loading of the load by the axle box spring and its installation method will affect the service life of the axle box bearing.

[0004] Existing spring testing devices are mostly designed to test the stiffness and fatigue properties of springs, and do not have the function of testing the load distribution and transmission at the ends of springs, thus failing to meet the requirements for testing the load distribution at the ends of axle box springs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a testing device and method for bogie axle box springs, so as to solve the problem that existing spring testing devices cannot test the load distribution at the ends of axle box springs.

[0006] On one hand, the present invention provides a testing device for bogie axle box springs, the testing device comprising: a testing frame; a load loading part disposed on the top of the testing frame; a leveling part disposed on the bottom of the testing frame; and a load measuring part comprising a first measuring plate and a second measuring plate, the first measuring plate being connected to the leveling part, the load loading part being drivenly connected to the second measuring plate to drive the second measuring plate to apply a load to the spring to be tested, the first measuring plate and the second measuring plate abutting against both ends of the spring to be tested, and being capable of testing the end loads at both ends of the spring to be tested.

[0007] As an optional technical solution for the testing device for bogie axle box springs, the first force measuring plate has a plurality of first load sensors, which are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the first force measuring plate, and the plurality of first load sensors are used to test the end load of one end of the spring to be tested.

[0008] The second force measuring plate has multiple second load sensors, which are distributed at circumferential intervals along the second force measuring plate. The multiple second load sensors are used to test the end load at the other end of the spring to be tested.

[0009] As an optional technical solution for a testing device for bogie axle box springs, the first force measuring plate includes a bearing plate, a spring abutment plate, and multiple elastic elements. Multiple first load sensors and multiple elastic elements are arranged circumferentially in the cavity of the bearing plate. The spring abutment plate is mounted on the bearing plate and abuts against the elastic elements. The elastic elements have a tendency to move away from the spring abutment plate and the bearing plate. The spring abutment plate can abut against multiple first load sensors to test the end load of the spring under test. The bearing plate is connected to the leveling part.

[0010] As an optional technical solution for the testing device for bogie axle box springs, the cavity of the bearing plate is provided with an annular groove and multiple radial grooves, and the multiple radial grooves intersect with the annular groove. A first load sensor is provided at the intersection of each radial groove and the annular groove.

[0011] As an optional technical solution for the testing device for bogie axle box springs, the annular groove and the radial groove have the same depth.

[0012] As an optional technical solution for a testing device for bogie axle box springs, the bearing plate includes a chassis and a limiting ring connected to each other. The spring abutment plate has multiple limiting protrusions, and the limiting ring has multiple limiting grooves. The multiple limiting grooves and the multiple radial grooves are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence to form multiple limiting slots. The limiting protrusions are located in the limiting slots and are limited and engaged with the limiting slots. The chassis and the leveling part are connected.

[0013] As an optional technical solution for the testing device for bogie axle box springs, the load loading unit includes a third load sensor and a load loading assembly. One end of the third load sensor is connected to the top of the test frame, and the other end of the third load sensor is connected to one end of the load loading assembly. The other end of the load loading assembly is driven to the second force measuring disk. The load loading assembly is used to drive the second force measuring disk to apply a load to the spring under test, and the third load sensor is used to record the output load of the load loading assembly.

[0014] As an optional technical solution for a testing device for bogie axle box springs, the leveling part includes a leveling platform and a plurality of adjusting bolts. The plurality of adjusting bolts are spaced apart on the outer periphery of the leveling platform to adjust the position of the leveling platform. The leveling platform is located at the bottom of the test frame, and the first force measuring plate is connected to the leveling platform.

[0015] As an optional technical solution for a testing device for bogie axle box springs, the testing frame includes a base plate and a supporting suspension beam connected to each other, the leveling part is disposed on the base plate, and the load loading part is disposed on the supporting suspension beam.

[0016] On the other hand, the present invention provides a testing method for a testing device for bogie axle box springs, applicable to any of the above-described solutions for a testing device for bogie axle box springs, the testing method for the testing device for bogie axle box springs comprising:

[0017] Adjust the leveling section to a horizontal position;

[0018] The spring to be tested is installed between the first force measuring plate and the second force measuring plate;

[0019] The load loading unit drives the second force measuring disk to apply or reduce the load to the spring under test to achieve the preset load;

[0020] The output load of the load loading component of the load loading unit is recorded using the third load sensor of the load loading unit;

[0021] The end loads at both ends of the spring under test are recorded by multiple first load sensors on the first force measuring plate and multiple second load sensors on the second force measuring plate, respectively.

[0022] Analyze the distribution of end loads at both ends of the spring under test.

[0023] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0024] This invention provides a testing device for bogie axle box springs. The device includes a test frame, a load loading unit, a leveling unit, and a load measuring unit. The load measuring unit includes a first measuring plate and a second measuring plate. Using this testing device, the first and second measuring plates are brought into contact with both ends of the spring under test. This allows for the measurement of the end loads at both ends of the spring. This configuration accurately simulates the actual working conditions of the axle box spring (i.e., the spring under test) and the load distribution on the upper and lower end faces of the spring under different loads. The distribution of the end loads on the spring under test can then guide the installation angle of the axle box spring, thereby improving the locomotive suspension performance and the fatigue life of the axle box bearings. Simultaneously, the load loading unit allows the second measuring plate to be driven to apply or reduce the load on the spring under test according to actual conditions. The leveling unit ensures that the first measuring plate remains horizontal during testing, guaranteeing the accuracy and reliability of the test. The testing device for bogie axle box springs of the present invention effectively solves the problem that existing spring testing devices cannot test the load distribution at the ends of axle box springs. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the testing device for bogie axle box springs in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first force measuring disk in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first force measuring disk in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the load loading section in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the leveling section in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the test fixture in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] In the picture:

[0032] 1. Test frame; 11. Base plate; 12. Supporting cantilever beam;

[0033] 2. Loading unit; 21. Third load sensor; 22. Loading assembly;

[0034] 3. Leveling section; 31. Leveling platform; 32. Adjusting bolts;

[0035] 4. Load measuring unit; 41. First force measuring plate; 411. First load sensor; 412. Bearing plate; 4121. Annular groove; 4122. Radial groove; 4123. Base plate; 4124. Limiting ring; 4125. Limiting groove; 413. Spring abutment plate; 4131. Limiting protrusion; 414. Elastic element; 42. Second force measuring plate;

[0036] 5. The spring to be tested. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The terms "first position" and "second position" refer to two different positions. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the first feature in relation to the second feature includes the first feature directly above and diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "under," and "below" the first feature in relation to the second feature includes the first feature directly below and diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0040] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, this embodiment provides a testing device for bogie axle box springs. The testing device includes a test frame 1, a load loading part 2, a leveling part 3, and a load measuring part 4. The load loading part 2 is located at the top of the test frame 1; the leveling part 3 is located at the bottom of the test frame 1; the load measuring part 4 includes a first measuring disk 41 and a second measuring disk 42. The first measuring disk 41 is connected to the leveling part 3, and the load loading part 2 and the second measuring disk 42 are driven to apply a load to the spring 5 under test. The first measuring disk 41 and the second measuring disk 42 abut against both ends of the spring 5 under test, and are capable of testing the end loads at both ends of the spring 5 under test.

[0042] The testing device for bogie axle box springs of the present invention involves placing a first force-measuring plate 41 and a second force-measuring plate 42 against both ends of the spring 5 to be tested. This allows the first and second force-measuring plates 41 and 42 to test the end loads at both ends of the spring 5. This configuration accurately simulates the actual working conditions of the axle box spring (i.e., the spring 5 to be tested) and the load distribution on the upper and lower end faces of the spring 5 under different loads. The installation angle of the axle box spring can then be guided based on the distribution of the end loads on the spring 5, thereby improving the locomotive suspension performance and the fatigue life of the axle box bearings. Simultaneously, the load loading unit 2 allows the second force-measuring plate 42 to be driven to apply or reduce the load on the spring 5 to be tested according to actual conditions. The leveling unit 3 ensures that the first force-measuring plate 41 remains horizontal during testing, guaranteeing the accuracy and reliability of the test. The testing device for bogie axle box springs of the present invention effectively solves the problem that existing spring testing devices cannot test the end load distribution of axle box springs.

[0043] In some embodiments, the first force-measuring disk 41 has a plurality of first load sensors 411. These first load sensors 411 are distributed circumferentially around the first force-measuring disk 41, and can be used to test the end load at one end of the spring 5 under test. Similarly, the second force-measuring disk 42 has a plurality of second load sensors. These second load sensors are distributed circumferentially around the second force-measuring disk 42, and can be used to test the end load at the other end of the spring 5 under test. This arrangement allows for accurate testing of the end load distribution at both ends of the spring 5 under test.

[0044] In this embodiment, the first force-measuring disk 41 includes a support disk 412, a spring abutment disk 413, and multiple elastic elements 414. Multiple first load sensors 411 and multiple elastic elements 414 are circumferentially disposed within the cavity of the support disk 412. The spring abutment disk 413 is mounted on the support disk 412 and abuts against the elastic elements 414. The elastic elements 414 have a tendency to always keep the spring abutment disk 413 and the support disk 412 away from each other. Thus, when the first force-measuring disk 41 is not working, the spring abutment disk 413 is separated from the multiple first load sensors 411, thereby protecting the multiple first load sensors 411. When the first force-measuring disk 41 is working, the spring abutment disk 413 is subjected to pressure, squeezing the multiple elastic elements 414, causing the spring abutment disk 413 to abut against the multiple first load sensors 411 to test the end load of the spring 5 under test. The support disk 412 is connected to the leveling part 3.

[0045] In some embodiments, the cavity of the support disk 412 is provided with an annular groove 4121 and a plurality of radial grooves 4122. The plurality of radial grooves 4122 intersect with the annular groove 4121, and a first load sensor 411 is provided at the intersection of each radial groove 4122 and the annular groove 4121. This arrangement ensures that the plurality of first load sensors 411 are evenly distributed within the cavity of the support disk 412.

[0046] Optionally, the included angle between two adjacent radial grooves 4122 is 45°.

[0047] Optionally, a load sensor positioning hole is provided at the intersection of each radial groove 4122 and an annular groove 4121, and the first load sensor 411 is disposed in the load sensor positioning hole.

[0048] Optionally, the cavity of the bearing plate 412 is provided with multiple spring positioning holes, and the elastic element 414 is disposed in the spring positioning hole, with the multiple elastic elements 414 and the multiple spring positioning holes being disposed in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0049] Furthermore, the annular groove 4121 and the radial groove 4122 have the same depth. This facilitates the arrangement of the load sensor positioning holes.

[0050] In some embodiments, the support plate 412 includes a base plate 4123 and a limiting ring 4124 connected to each other. The spring abutment plate 413 has multiple limiting protrusions 4131, and the limiting ring 4124 has multiple limiting grooves. These limiting grooves and radial grooves 4122 are correspondingly arranged to form multiple limiting slots 4125. The limiting protrusions 4131 are located within the limiting slots 4125 and engage with them. This configuration allows the spring abutment plate 413 to move towards the base plate 4123 when subjected to pressure. The base plate 4123 is connected to the leveling part 3.

[0051] In this embodiment, the load loading unit 2 includes a third load sensor 21 and a load loading assembly 22. One end of the third load sensor 21 is connected to the top of the test frame 1, and the other end of the third load sensor 21 is connected to one end of the load loading assembly 22. The other end of the load loading assembly 22 is driven to connect to the second force measuring disk 42. The load loading assembly 22 can drive the second force measuring disk 42 to apply a load to the spring 5 under test, and the third load sensor 21 can record the output load of the load loading assembly 22.

[0052] Optionally, the load loading component 22 is a hydraulic cylinder, which is divided into an upper chamber and a lower chamber, which are respectively connected to oil holes. The load on the second force measuring plate 42 is applied or reduced by increasing or decreasing the amount of oil.

[0053] Specifically, the leveling unit 3 includes a leveling platform 31 and multiple adjusting bolts 32. The adjusting bolts 32 are spaced apart on the outer periphery of the leveling platform 31, which is located at the bottom of the test frame 1. The first force measuring plate 41 is connected to the leveling platform 31. The position of the leveling platform 31 is adjusted by the multiple adjusting bolts 32, thereby ensuring that the first force measuring plate 41 is always in a horizontal position, thus guaranteeing the accuracy of the test.

[0054] Specifically, the test frame 1 includes a base plate 11 and a supporting suspension beam 12 that are connected to each other. The leveling part 3 is disposed on the base plate 11, and the load loading part 2 is disposed on the supporting suspension beam 12.

[0055] This embodiment also provides a testing method for a testing device for bogie axle box springs, applied to the testing device for bogie axle box springs in the above scheme. The testing method for the testing device for bogie axle box springs includes: first, adjusting the leveling unit 3 to a horizontal position; then, installing the spring 5 to be tested between the first force measuring plate 41 and the second force measuring plate 42; driving the second force measuring plate 42 to apply or reduce the load to the spring 5 to be tested through the load loading unit 2 to achieve a preset load; and using the third load sensor 21 of the load loading unit 2 to record the output load of the load loading component 22 of the load loading unit 2; then, using the multiple first load sensors 411 of the first force measuring plate 41 and the multiple second load sensors of the second force measuring plate 42 to record the end loads at both ends of the spring 5 to be tested respectively; finally, analyzing the distribution of the end loads at both ends of the spring 5 to be tested.

[0056] The testing method of the testing device for bogie axle box springs of the present invention uses the first force measuring plate 41 and the second force measuring plate 42 to test the end loads at both ends of the spring 5 under test. This setup can accurately simulate the actual working conditions of the axle box spring (i.e., the spring 5 under test) and the load distribution on the upper and lower end faces of the spring 5 under different loads. Thus, the installation angle of the axle box spring can be guided according to the distribution law of the end loads of the spring 5 under test, thereby improving the locomotive suspension performance and the fatigue life of the axle box bearing. This effectively solves the problem that the spring testing device in the prior art cannot test the end load distribution of the axle box spring.

[0057] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A testing device for bogie axle box springs, characterized in that, include: Test fixture (1); A load loading part (2) is disposed on the top of the test frame (1); The leveling part (3) is located at the bottom of the test frame (1); The load measuring unit (4) includes a first measuring disk (41) and a second measuring disk (42). The first measuring disk (41) is connected to the leveling unit (3). The load loading unit (2) and the second measuring disk (42) are driven to apply a load to the spring (5) to be tested. The first measuring disk (41) and the second measuring disk (42) abut against the two ends of the spring (5) to be tested, and can test the end loads at both ends of the spring (5) to be tested.

2. The testing device for bogie axle box springs according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first force measuring disk (41) has a plurality of first load sensors (411), which are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the first force measuring disk (41). The plurality of first load sensors (411) are used to test the end load of one end of the spring (5) to be tested. The second force measuring disk (42) has a plurality of second load sensors, which are distributed at circumferential intervals along the second force measuring disk (42). The plurality of second load sensors are used to test the end load at the other end of the spring (5) to be tested.

3. The testing device for bogie axle box springs according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first force measuring plate (41) includes a bearing plate (412), a spring abutment plate (413), and a plurality of elastic elements (414). The plurality of first load sensors (411) and the plurality of elastic elements (414) are arranged circumferentially in the cavity of the bearing plate (412). The spring abutment plate (413) is mounted on the bearing plate (412) and abuts against the elastic elements (414). The elastic elements (414) have a tendency to move away from the spring abutment plate (413) and the bearing plate (412) at all times. The spring abutment plate (413) can abut against the plurality of first load sensors (411) to test the end load of the spring (5) to be tested. The bearing plate (412) is connected to the leveling part (3).

4. The testing device for bogie axle box springs according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cavity of the bearing plate (412) is provided with an annular groove (4121) and a plurality of radial grooves (4122). The plurality of radial grooves (4122) intersect with the annular groove (4121). A first load sensor (411) is provided at the intersection of each radial groove (4122) and the annular groove (4121).

5. The testing apparatus for bogie axle box springs according to claim 4, characterized in that, The annular groove (4121) and the radial groove (4122) have the same depth.

6. The testing apparatus for bogie axle box springs according to claim 4, characterized in that, The bearing plate (412) includes a chassis (4123) and a limiting ring (4124) connected to each other. The spring abutment plate (413) has multiple limiting protrusions (4131), and the limiting ring (4124) has multiple limiting grooves. The multiple limiting grooves and the multiple radial grooves (4122) are arranged one-to-one to form multiple limiting slots (4125). The limiting protrusions (4131) are located in the limiting slots (4125) and are limited to the limiting slots (4125). The chassis (4123) and the leveling part (3) are connected.

7. The testing apparatus for bogie axle box springs according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The load loading unit (2) includes a third load sensor (21) and a load loading assembly (22). One end of the third load sensor (21) is connected to the top of the test frame (1), and the other end of the third load sensor (21) is connected to one end of the load loading assembly (22). The other end of the load loading assembly (22) is driven to the second force measuring disk (42). The load loading assembly (22) is used to drive the second force measuring disk (42) to apply a load to the spring (5) to be tested. The third load sensor (21) is used to record the output load of the load loading assembly (22).

8. The testing apparatus for bogie axle box springs according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The leveling part (3) includes a leveling platform (31) and a plurality of adjusting bolts (32). The plurality of adjusting bolts (32) are spaced apart on the outer periphery of the leveling platform (31) to adjust the position of the leveling platform (31). The leveling platform (31) is located at the bottom of the test frame (1). The first force measuring plate (41) is connected to the leveling platform (31).

9. The testing apparatus for bogie axle box springs according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The test frame (1) includes a base plate (11) and a support beam (12) connected to each other. The leveling part (3) is disposed on the base plate (11), and the load loading part (2) is disposed on the support beam (12).

10. A test method for a test device used for bogie axle box springs, characterized in that, The testing apparatus for bogie axle box springs according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein the testing method of the testing apparatus for bogie axle box springs includes: Adjust the leveling part (3) to a horizontal position; The spring (5) to be tested is installed between the first force measuring plate (41) and the second force measuring plate (42); The load loading unit (2) drives the second force measuring disk (42) to apply or reduce the load to the spring (5) to be tested, so as to achieve the preset load; The output load of the load loading assembly (22) of the load loading unit (2) is recorded using the third load sensor (21) of the load loading unit (2); The end loads at both ends of the spring (5) under test are recorded by multiple first load sensors (411) of the first force measuring plate (41) and multiple second load sensors of the second force measuring plate (42); Analyze the distribution of end loads at both ends of the spring (5) to be tested.

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