6 / 4-pole bearingless axial flux reluctance motor structure

Abstract

The invention relates to a 6 / 4-pole bearingless axial magnetic flux reluctance motor structure, and belongs to the technical field of axial reluctance motors. Windings are arranged on the stators, the two stators are arranged on the two sides of the rotor, and the motor is characterized in that the rotors are provided with uniformly distributed rotor blocks, and the stators are provided with stator teeth along the axial direction. The structure is simple, the cost is convenient to control, the principle is clear, the expandability is high, and important significance is achieved for enriching the types of magnetic suspension motors, expanding the application field of reluctance motors and providing practical new-structure motors for the fields of medical treatment and chemical engineering.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to a bearingless axial flux reluctance motor structure and belongs to the technical field of axial reluctance motors. BACKGROUND

[0002] A bearingless motor is a special motor that uses its own winding to realize suspension control of a rotor and drive the rotor to rotate, thereby eliminating the traditional mechanical bearing. In eliminating the friction and pollution problems caused by the mechanical bearing, the power density of the motor is improved, and the motor can be applied to application fields such as precision machining, aerospace, flywheel energy storage, life science and medical technology. In particular, the bearingless motor can be applied to a third-generation heart pump motor to avoid damage to blood by the mechanical bearing and pollution of blood by lubricating oil.

[0003] The bearingless hysteresis motor in the prior art connects two hysteresis disc rotors to form a rotor through a wheel structure, and realizes reasonable control of flow rate by adapting the rib spacing to the impeller rotating speed, thereby meeting the conveying demand. The rotor material has a significant hysteresis loop, the rotating magnetic field is continuously magnetized and demagnetized, a hysteresis magnetization angle is generated, a constant torque is formed, and almost constant starting torque can be provided below the synchronous speed, and the hysteresis is maintained after synchronization. However, its structure is complex, the overall volume is large, and it not only requires high hysteresis material, but also has low permeability of the hysteresis material. Compared with other types of motors, a larger current magnetization is required under the same working condition, so the energy loss is large, and the low power factor of the hysteresis motor further increases the power consumption, and the manufacturing and use costs are high.

[0004] The magnetic suspension motor in the prior art can be divided into radial magnetic suspension and axial magnetic suspension according to the magnetic circuit structure. The former has a smaller volume, is passively constrained in the axial and deflection directions, and is relatively simple to control, but the rotor is usually in the form of a sheet, and the output torque is bottlenecked. The latter has one more control degree of freedom than the former, and is more difficult to control, but can theoretically obtain greater output torque.

[0005] From the excitation type, the magnetic suspension motor also has permanent magnet motors, induction motors and reluctance motors. Among them, the permanent magnet synchronous motor needs rare earth permanent magnet materials, has high manufacturing cost, low mechanical strength and thermal stability, and has the problem of rare earth permanent magnet gas release, which is easy to pollute the surrounding environment.

[0006] Therefore, it is urgent to propose a 6 / 4-pole bearingless axial flux reluctance motor structure to solve the above technical problems. SUMMARY

[0007] To solve the above problems, a 6 / 4-pole bearingless axial flux reluctance motor structure is provided, and a brief summary of the present application is given below to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the present application. It should be understood that this summary is not an exhaustive overview of the present application. It is not intended to identify key or important parts of the present application, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present application.

[0008] Technical solutions of the present application: A 6 / 4-pole bearingless axial flux reluctance motor structure, a winding is arranged on the stator, two stators are arranged on both sides of the rotor, the rotor is arranged with evenly distributed rotor blocks, and the stator is arranged with stator teeth in the axial direction.

[0009] Preferably, the 6 / 4-pole bearingless axial flux reluctance motor structure is applied to a reluctance motor, and the rotor and the stator are made of soft magnetic material.

[0010] Preferably, four fan-shaped rotor blocks are arranged on both sides of the rotor, and the rotor blocks on both sides are symmetrically arranged.

[0011] Preferably, the stator has six stator teeth arranged in a circumferential array.

[0012] Preferably, symmetrical stators are arranged on both sides of the rotor, and the stator teeth of the stators on both sides are staggered by 30° and cross each other.

[0013] Preferably, the winding includes torque winding and suspension winding, and the torque winding and the suspension winding are sleeved on each tooth of the stator.

[0014] Preferably, the torque winding and the suspension winding are three-phase windings, which are divided into three phases A, B and C, A is connected in series with A', B is connected in series with B', and C is connected in series with C'.

[0015] Preferably, in order to generate torque, the torque winding of phase A is connected to a torque current It; if the rotor is deflected in the direction at this time, an inclined current Is is applied, so that the total magnetic field on the stator tooth A is enhanced, and the total magnetic field on the stator tooth A' is weakened, generating a return inclined torque in the direction The upper stator and the lower stator each control one rotational degree of freedom; The translation degree of freedom in the Z direction also needs to be actively controlled to be stable, and the current required to apply the active axial force and the current required to generate the load torque are generated by the torque winding and are superimposed to form the torque current It.

[0016] Preferably, in order to realize torque adjustment and axial position adjustment, the sum of the torques received by the rotors on both sides is taken as the total output torque, and the difference between the attractive forces received by the upper and lower rotors is used to obtain the axial force, that is ​​ (1) (2) For this, the winding of the upper stator and the lower stator need to be controlled respectively, the relationship between torque, axial force and torque current is obtained by scanning, and the corresponding current is applied according to the requirement; In order to realize the deflection control, the current can be passed in the suspension winding to enhance or weaken the magnetic field generated by the torque winding; when the magnetic field of one side air gap is enhanced, and the magnetic field of the other side is weakened, the rotor is subjected to a deflection torque, or only one side magnetic field is enhanced, and the other side magnetic field is unchanged, or one side magnetic field is weakened, and the other side magnetic field is unchanged.

[0017] Preferably, the rotor attitude angle is linearly projected and transformed, and the attitude vector is projected to the coordinate system of the three phases A, B and C:

[0018] Wherein, , Is the included angle between the phase winding position coordinate system and the sensor position coordinate system in the xoy plane; in the experiment, the included angle when the phase is 0° is defined as 0°, as the reference direction of the attitude angle projection; it can be known that the stator winding A, B and C are arranged at an interval of 60° counterclockwise in space, so that when the phase is 0°, the corresponding included angle is 60° and 120° respectively; through the transformed attitude vector, the rotor deflection is controlled in real time, and the rotor can obtain a complete suspension force control period The present application has the following beneficial effects: The present application provides a new structure of an axial flux magnetic suspension reluctance motor, solves the problem of complex secondary packaging of permanent magnets for precise magnetic suspension motors, eliminates the hidden danger of permanent magnet demagnetization on the reliability of the motor. At the same time, mechanical bearings are not used, avoiding friction loss and pollution of lubricating liquid to the environment; solving the problem that the pole pair number of the 6 / 4 pole reluctance motor is small, and it is difficult to provide the freedom in x and y directions at the same time; the higher power density of the reluctance motor can be realized.

[0019] The present application has the following beneficial effects: BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a general assembly view of a 6 / 4 pole bearingless axial flux reluctance motor structure.​​​​​​​

[0021] Figure 2 is a sectional view of a 6 / 4-pole bearingless axial flux reluctance motor structure.

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic of magnetic field enhancement / attenuation and rotor deflection.

[0023] Figure 4 is a sensor installation schematic. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be described below through specific embodiments shown in the drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are only exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. In addition, in the following description, the description of known structures and technologies is omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concept of the present application.

[0025] DETAILED DESCRIPTION Figures 1-3 In this embodiment, a 6 / 4-pole bearingless axial flux reluctance motor structure of this embodiment includes a rotor 1, a stator 2 and a winding, the rotor 1 is a reluctance rotor, the stator 2 is a stator core, the stator 2 is provided with a winding, two stators 2 are arranged on both sides of the rotor 1, the rotor 1 is provided with evenly distributed rotor blocks 5, the stator 2 is provided with stator teeth 6 along the axial direction, and the stator teeth 6 are fan-shaped. The reluctance motor has the advantages of simple structure, convenient control, small overall volume, low cost and strong adaptability to high-temperature environments. Compared with a permanent magnet synchronous motor, the reluctance motor does not use rare earth permanent magnet materials, thereby reducing manufacturing cost and improving resource controllability of the system; in particular, the rotor of the reluctance motor has no winding and no permanent magnet, has good mechanical strength and thermal stability, is particularly suitable for application scenarios in high-temperature, high-speed or harsh environments, has good cleanliness, has no rare earth permanent magnet outgassing problem, does not need complex packaging and does not pollute the surrounding environment, and is therefore more suitable for high-purity chemical experiments, vacuum technology and heart pumps; the present application provides a reluctance axial flux bearingless motor for precise pump control, solves the environmental outgassing problem of the permanent magnet motor, and improves the torque of the axial motor; the present application provides a structure that can provide complete motor active suspension freedom for a 6 / 4-pole reluctance motor. Compared to shaftless hysteresis motors, the rotor of this invention is typically a soft magnetic core (silicon steel sheet or iron alloy) cut into distinct salient poles or slots, without windings or permanent magnets, relying solely on the difference in magnetic permeability to form the magnetic circuit; the air gap is non-uniform (salient pole structure) to generate magnetic reluctance torque; no special materials are required; the structure is simple and cost is easy to control; the stator generates a rotating magnetic field, and the rotor tends to move towards the direction of minimum magnetic reluctance (the path of maximum magnetic permeability), thereby generating electromagnetic torque; relying on the magnetic reluctance change caused by the rotor geometry, no magnetization delay or permanent magnets are needed; the advantages of this invention are: no rotor copper loss and hysteresis loss, suitable for equipment with long-term operation and high energy-saving requirements; no need for expensive hysteresis materials or permanent magnets, with cost advantages, suitable for mass production; possessing high speed and dynamic performance, and with modern controllers, the reluctance motor is more suitable for industrial and robotic scenarios in terms of speed range and power density; Compared to axial motor structures, the magnetic flux of this invention flows along the motor axis in a disc-like (similar to a "disc") configuration. The rotor and stator are arranged like two parallel discs, exhibiting a flat, short axial length. The disc-based heat dissipation method facilitates large-area heat exchange and is suitable for flat integration (such as wheel hubs). It offers significant advantages in space-constrained systems or systems requiring weight reduction (such as robots and wheel hub motors), providing high torque density and lightweight design. The flat structure is suitable for integration into non-traditional devices, offering better integration. High efficiency and low copper / iron losses provide energy efficiency advantages in high-end applications.

[0026] Specific Implementation Method Two: Combining Figures 1-3 This embodiment describes a 6 / 4-pole bearingless axial flux reluctance motor structure. This 6 / 4-pole bearingless axial flux reluctance motor structure is applied to axial reluctance motors. The rotor 1 and stator 2 are made of soft magnetic materials (such as silicon steel sheets). This invention is a motor with a combined rotating and levitation structure, involving electromagnetic structure design and magnetic levitation principle. This structure can be applied in heart pumps and can also be used for high-purity chemical experiments.

[0027] Specific implementation method three: Combining Figures 1-3 This embodiment describes a 6 / 4-pole bearingless axial flux reluctance motor structure. The rotor 1 has a salient pole structure, requiring the machining of salient poles or a non-standard iron core, but no special materials are needed. The rotor block 5 is a reluctance rotor block (salient pole). The rotor 1... Figure 1 Four fan-shaped rotor blocks 5 are set on each of the upper and lower sides, and the rotor blocks 5 on the two sides are symmetrically arranged.

[0028] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figures 1-3 This embodiment describes a 6 / 4 pole bearingless axial flux reluctance motor structure, wherein the stator 2 has six stator teeth 6 arranged in a circumferential array.

[0029] Specific Implementation Method Five: CombiningFigures 1-3 This embodiment describes a 6 / 4-pole bearingless axial flux reluctance motor structure, in which symmetrical stators 2 are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the rotor 1, as shown below. Figure 2 The stator teeth 6 on the upper and lower stator 2 are staggered at 30° to each other, providing complete edge... Active levitation force.

[0030] Specific Implementation Method Six: Combination Figures 1-3 This embodiment describes a 6 / 4-pole bearingless axial flux reluctance motor structure. The windings include a torque winding 3 and a suspension winding 4. The torque winding 3 and the suspension winding 4 are sequentially mounted on each tooth of the stator 2, with the torque winding 3 located outside the suspension winding 4.

[0031] Specific implementation method seven: Combination Figures 1-4 This embodiment describes a 6 / 4 pole bearingless axial flux reluctance motor structure, wherein the stator 2 is provided with windings and two stators 2 are provided on both sides of the rotor 1. The characteristic feature is that the rotor 1 is provided with evenly distributed rotor blocks 5 and the stator 2 is provided with stator teeth 6 along the axial direction. A 6 / 4-pole bearingless axial flux reluctance motor structure is applied to a reluctance motor, wherein the rotor 1 and stator 2 are made of soft magnetic materials; Four fan-shaped rotor blocks 5 are arranged on each side of rotor 1, and the rotor blocks 5 on both sides are arranged symmetrically. The stator 2 has six stator teeth 6 arranged in a circular array; Symmetrical stators 2 are arranged on the upper and lower sides of rotor 1, such as... Figure 2 The stator teeth 6 on the upper and lower stator 2 are staggered at 30° to each other, providing complete edge... Active levitation force; The windings include a torque winding 3 and a suspension winding 4. Each tooth of the stator 2 is sequentially fitted with a torque winding 3 and a suspension winding 4. Both torque winding 3 and suspension winding 4 are three-phase windings, consisting of three phases: A, B, and C. A is connected in series with A', B with B', and C with C'. Winding T controls the rotor's rotation and axial movement around the z-axis and is called the torque winding; the current flowing through it is called the torque current. Winding S controls the rotor's tilt around the x-axis or y-axis and is called the tilt winding; the current flowing through it is called the tilt current. The motor structure is as follows: Figure 1 As shown; This invention proposes a novel structure for an axial flux magnetic levitation reluctance motor. The motor flux direction is axial, and the motor rotor has a salient pole structure. The motor rotation is controlled in the same way as a 6 / 4 pole reluctance motor. Two sets of windings are overlapped on each stator tooth: one set controls its torque and axial displacement, and the other controls its deflection stability. Simultaneously, by offsetting the upper and lower stators at a certain angle, a complete active deflection levitation force is provided for the 6 / 4 pole reluctance motor. This design eliminates the need for mechanical and magnetic bearings, offering advantages such as simple structure, high reliability, and large output torque. In the radial direction, this scheme relies on passive balancing, and when applied to a heart pump, hydrodynamic pressure contributes to radial stability. A bearingless motor rotor has 6 degrees of freedom: 3 translational degrees of freedom (x, y, z) and 3 rotational degrees of freedom. ;in, The x and y directions represent the direction in which the rotor generates torque. The two translational degrees of freedom in these directions can be passively stabilized because the force acting on the rotor after a displacement in this direction is a restoring force. The other three degrees of freedom... Both require active control to stabilize; Rotational degrees of freedom Controlled by the tilting current Is; the principle of generating active tilting restoring force is as follows: Figure 3 As shown (in) (For example): In order to generate torque, a torque current It is applied to the torque winding of phase A; if the rotor experiences a torque current It at this time... The deflection of the direction, the application of a tilting current Is, strengthens the total magnetic field on stator tooth A and weakens the total magnetic field on stator tooth A', generating a magnetic field along... Directional recovery tilt torque Upper and lower stators each control One of the rotational degrees of freedom, for example, when the rotor moves to phase A, at which time the upper stator can generate a rotational degree of freedom. recovery tilt torque The lower stator can generate along recovery tilt torque ; The translational degree of freedom in the Z direction also requires active control to stabilize. The current required to apply the active axial force and the current required to generate the load torque are both generated by the torque winding 3, and are superimposed to form the torque current It. The rotor of a reluctance motor is non-polar, and the magnitude of the axial attraction force is only positively correlated with the stator current amplitude. To achieve torque and axial position adjustment, the sum of the torques experienced by the upper and lower rotors can be used as the total output torque, and the difference in the attractive forces experienced by the upper and lower rotors can be used to obtain the axial force. (1) (2) In the formula, T z1 and T z2 These represent the rotational torques applied to the rotor by the upper and lower stators, respectively; F z1 and F z2 These represent the axial forces exerted on the rotor by the upper and lower stators, respectively. Therefore, it is necessary to control the windings of the upper stator and the lower stator separately, obtain the relationship between torque, axial force and torque current by scanning, and apply the corresponding current as needed; To achieve deflection control, current can be passed through the suspension winding to enhance or weaken the magnetic field generated by the torque winding; when the magnetic field on one side of the air gap is enhanced while the other side is weakened, the rotor experiences a deflection torque, such as... Figure 3 As shown; in addition, it is also possible that only one side of the magnetic field is enhanced while the other side remains unchanged, or one side of the magnetic field is weakened while the other side remains unchanged. To achieve stable control of the deflection attitude of the three-phase windings, the rotor attitude angle θ measured by the sensor must be... x θ y Mapping the stator windings to the spatial direction ensures that the actively generated levitation deflection force is consistent with the direction of the rotor's actual required restoring force. To this end, this invention performs a linear projection transformation on the rotor attitude angle based on the phase winding position and sensor position, transforming the attitude vector obtained from the sensor... Projected onto the coordinate system containing phases A, B, and C:

[0032] in, , It is the angle between the phase winding position coordinate system and the sensor position coordinate system in the xoy plane; in this experiment, the phase... Angle of time Defined as 0°, serving as the reference direction for attitude angle projection; it can be seen that the three phases A, B, and C of the stator windings are arranged in a counterclockwise interval of 60° in space, then when and When, the corresponding included angle The angles are 60° and 120° respectively; the transformed attitude vector By controlling the rotor deflection in real time, the rotor can obtain a complete levitation force control cycle.

[0033] It should be noted that in the above embodiments, as long as the technical solutions are not contradictory, they can be permuted and combined. Those skilled in the art can exhaust all possibilities based on the mathematical knowledge of permutation and combination. Therefore, the present invention will not describe the technical solutions after permutation and combination one by one, but it should be understood that the technical solutions after permutation and combination have been disclosed by the present invention.

[0034] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A 6 / 4-pole bearingless axial flux reluctance motor structure, wherein windings are provided on the stator (2), and two stators (2) are arranged on both sides of the rotor (1), characterized in that: The rotor (1) is provided with evenly distributed rotor blocks (5), and the stator (2) is provided with stator teeth (6) along the axial direction.

2. The structure of a 6 / 4 pole bearingless axial flux reluctance motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: A 6 / 4-pole bearingless axial flux reluctance motor structure is applied to a reluctance motor, wherein the rotor (1) and stator (2) are made of soft magnetic materials.

3. The structure of a 6 / 4 pole bearingless axial flux reluctance motor according to claim 2, characterized in that: Four fan-shaped rotor blocks (5) are arranged on each side of the rotor (1), and the rotor blocks (5) on both sides are arranged symmetrically.

4. The structure of a 6 / 4 pole bearingless axial flux reluctance motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The stator (2) has six stator teeth (6) arranged in a circular array.

5. The structure of a 6 / 4 pole bearingless axial flux reluctance motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rotor (1) has symmetrical stators (2) on both sides, and the stator teeth (6) of the stators (2) on both sides are staggered by 30° and placed in a cross pattern.

6. The structure of a 6 / 4 pole bearingless axial flux reluctance motor according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: The windings include a torque winding (3) and a suspension winding (4), and each tooth of the stator (2) is fitted with a torque winding (3) and a suspension winding (4).

7. The structure of a 6 / 4 pole bearingless axial flux reluctance motor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The torque winding (3) and the suspension winding (4) are three-phase windings, divided into three phases A, B and C. A and A' are connected in series, B and B' are connected in series, and C and C' are connected in series.

8. The structure of a 6 / 4 pole bearingless axial flux reluctance motor according to claim 7, characterized in that: To generate torque, a torque current It is applied to the torque winding of phase A; if the rotor then experiences a torque current... The deflection of the direction, the application of a tilting current Is, strengthens the total magnetic field on stator tooth A and weakens the total magnetic field on stator tooth A', generating a magnetic field along... Directional recovery tilt torque Upper and lower stators each control One of the rotational degrees of freedom; The translational degree of freedom in the Z direction also requires active control to stabilize. The current required to apply the active axial force and the current required to generate the load torque are both generated by the torque winding (3), and are superimposed to form the torque current It.

9. The structure of a 6 / 4 pole bearingless axial flux reluctance motor according to claim 8, characterized in that: To achieve torque and axial position adjustment, the sum of the torques experienced by both rotors is used as the total output torque. The axial force is obtained by utilizing the difference in the attractive forces experienced by the upper and lower rotors. (1) (2) Therefore, it is necessary to control the windings of the upper stator and the lower stator separately, obtain the relationship between torque, axial force and torque current by scanning, and apply the corresponding current as needed; To achieve deflection control, current can be passed through the suspension winding to enhance or weaken the magnetic field generated by the torque winding. When the magnetic field of one air gap is enhanced while the other is weakened, the rotor is subjected to deflection torque. Alternatively, the magnetic field of one side may be enhanced while the magnetic field of the other side remains unchanged, or the magnetic field of one side may be weakened while the magnetic field of the other side remains unchanged.

10. The structure of a 6 / 4 pole bearingless axial flux reluctance motor according to claim 9, characterized in that: Perform a linear projection transformation on the rotor attitude angles to transform the attitude vectors. Projected onto the coordinate system containing phases A, B, and C: in, , It is the angle between the phase winding position coordinate system and the sensor position coordinate system in the xoy plane; in this experiment, the phase... Angle of time Defined as 0°, it serves as the reference direction for attitude angle projection; as shown in FIG (straight line), the stator windings A, B, and C are arranged in a counterclockwise interval of 60° in space. Therefore, when... and When, the corresponding included angle The angles are 60° and 120° respectively; the transformed attitude vector By controlling the rotor deflection in real time, the rotor can obtain a complete levitation force control cycle.

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