Bionic root canal file

Abstract

The invention discloses a bionic root canal file and relates to the technical field of root canal treatment, the bionic root canal file comprises a transmission handle and a working part which are connected with each other, the working part is of a conical rod-shaped structure, continuous or discontinuous cutting edges are arranged on the peripheral wall of the working part in the axial direction, and the cutting edges comprise deep cutting edges and shallow cutting edges; the cutting edge radius of the deep cutting edge is larger than the cutting edge radius of the shallow cutting edge, the cutting edge radius of the shallow cutting edge is larger than or equal to the radius of the working part where the shallow cutting edge is located, the deep cutting edge is arranged on the working part in a waved plate wrapping mode, and the shallow cutting edge is arranged between the wave crest and the wave trough of the deep cutting edge. The deep cutting edges and the shallow cutting edges are distributed in the circumferential direction of the working part; perfect cooperation of torsion flexibility and cyclic fatigue resistance is achieved, the threads of the shallow cutting edges provide flexibility, meanwhile, the deep cutting edges provide structural rigidity and are responsible for main cutting tasks, the cutting efficiency is ensured, and meanwhile, the arrangement of the deep cutting edges and the shallow cutting edges facilitates discharging of chippings in the root canal cutting process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of root canal treatment technology, and in particular to a biomimetic root canal file. Background Technology

[0002] Root canal files are the core instruments in root canal treatment. Their main function is to remove infected dentin and shape the root canal to facilitate subsequent irrigation, disinfection, and tight filling. Root canal files have undergone continuous innovation, from materials to macroscopic geometry. Early stainless steel instruments often had symmetrical cross-sections (such as H-files and K-files), but their high rigidity made them prone to steps, perforations, or breakage in curved root canals. The introduction of nickel-titanium alloys fundamentally changed this situation. Their superelasticity and shape memory effect allowed the instruments to better conform to root canal curvature, significantly improving the safety and effectiveness of treatment.

[0003] Despite this, current root canal file technology still faces a prominent "impossible triangle" dilemma: it is difficult to simultaneously achieve instrument flexibility, fatigue resistance, and cutting efficiency. Specifically, this manifests in the following ways: 1) Cyclic fatigue fracture: In curved root canals, instruments are prone to fatigue fracture in the apical region due to stress concentration, which remains a major clinical risk; 2) Passive debris removal mechanism: Traditional thread designs tend to push debris towards the apex, causing blockage, affecting debridement, and increasing postoperative reactions; 3) Contradictions between design goals: Improving flexibility often requires reducing the amount of core metal, but this weakens torsional strength; improving cutting efficiency may lead to excessive cutting of dentin, weakening the root canal structure; 4) Surface friction and torsional load: The interaction between the instrument and the root canal wall at the microscopic level has not been systematically optimized, and unnecessary friction increases torque and the risk of fracture.

[0004] Current technological advancements have progressed from material innovation (stainless steel → nickel-titanium) to macroscopic geometric optimization (variable taper, variable cross-section, etc.). However, core issues such as stress concentration and fatigue fracture have not been completely resolved, indicating that the adjustment of a single geometric parameter has approached its limit.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a biomimetic root canal file that combines flexibility, fatigue resistance, and cutting efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a bionic root canal file to solve the problems existing in the prior art. It uses alternating deep and shallow cutting edges to replace the traditional continuous spiral cutting edges, so that the device can take into account flexibility, fatigue strength and cutting efficiency.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides a biomimetic root canal file, including a transmission handle and a working part connected to each other. The working part has a conical rod-shaped structure. The outer peripheral wall of the working part is provided with continuous or discontinuous cutting edges along the axial direction. The cutting edges include deep cutting edges and shallow cutting edges. The cutting edge radius of the deep cutting edge is larger than that of the shallow cutting edge. The cutting edge radius of the shallow cutting edge is greater than or equal to the radius of the working part at its location. The deep cutting edge is arranged in a corrugated plate shape on the working part. The shallow cutting edge is arranged between the crests and troughs of the deep cutting edge. The deep cutting edge and the shallow cutting edge are distributed around the circumference of the working part. The cutting edges form a biomimetic bamboo joint structure on the surface of the working part with periodic undulations along the axial direction, with the deep cutting edge as the joint and the shallow cutting edge as the joint.

[0008] Preferably, the wrapping path of the wavy, deep cutting edge is spiral.

[0009] Preferably, the working part is made of nickel-titanium material.

[0010] Preferably, the plane containing the plate shape between the crest and trough of the deep cutting edge makes an angle of 30° with the axis of the working part.

[0011] Preferably, the transmission handle is a manual transmission component, and the manual transmission component is provided with anti-slip texture.

[0012] Preferably, the transmission handle is an electric transmission component, which is used for transmission connection with the drive equipment.

[0013] Preferably, a stop piece for controlling the working length is slidably sleeved on the working part.

[0014] Preferably, the working part and the cutting edge are integrally formed.

[0015] The present invention achieves the following main technical effects compared to the prior art: Bionic Morphological Design (Bamboo Joint Structure): The design is inspired by bamboo in nature. The deep cutting edge simulates the "node" of bamboo joints, with a large cross-sectional area and cutting radius, providing structural rigidity and being responsible for the main cutting task, ensuring cutting efficiency; the shallow cutting edge simulates the "internode" of bamboo joints, with a smaller cross-sectional area, which greatly reduces the metal volume and gives the instrument excellent flexibility in curved root canals.

[0016] Bionic kinematic design (peristaltic pump effect): Inspired by the peristaltic movement of earthworms, traditional spiral debris removal is passive, while the wave-like trajectory of this device, as it rotates, creates a periodically changing debris-carrying space between the root canal wall and the instrument through the alternating action of crests and troughs. This structure simulates the mechanism of a peristaltic pump, generating hydrodynamic pressure waves that actively pump debris and flushing fluid towards the coronal region, significantly reducing the risk of apical debris expulsion.

[0017] Mechanical blocking mechanism (anti-locking and anti-fatigue): This is the most critical advantage of this device compared to traditional spirals. Traditional continuous spiral blades have "line contact" with the root canal wall, resulting in high frictional resistance and a tendency to jam. The wavy cutting edge of this device breaks the continuous "line contact" into intermittent "point contact" or "short line contact".

[0018] Reduced torque: Significantly reduces the contact area between the instrument and the root canal wall, thereby reducing the operating torque.

[0019] Eliminating the aspiration effect: The wavy trajectory disrupts the mechanical path of the "threaded insertion," effectively preventing instruments from being aspirated into the deep root canal.

[0020] Preventing crack propagation: The trough (shallow cutting edge) acts as a stress relief point, which can cut off the continuous propagation of stress waves along the axial direction and prevent the accumulation and propagation of fatigue cracks. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a biomimetic root canal file when the height of the shallow cutting edge is zero in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the working part when the cutting edge height of the shallow cutting edge is zero in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a top view of the working part when the cutting edge height of the shallow cutting edge is zero in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a bottom view of the working part when the cutting edge height of the shallow cutting edge is zero in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the line where the tip of the deep cutting edge is located, viewed from a low angle in an embodiment of the present invention. Among them, 1. transmission handle; 2. stop plate; 3. working part; 4. deep cutting edge. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] The purpose of this invention is to provide a biomimetic root canal file to solve the problems existing in the prior art. It uses alternating deep and shallow cutting edges to replace the traditional continuous spiral cutting edges, so that the device can take into account flexibility, fatigue strength and cutting efficiency.

[0025] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] Please refer to the following: Figures 1-4 As shown, a biomimetic root canal file is provided, including a transmission handle 1 and a working part 3 connected to each other. The working part 3 has a conical rod-shaped structure. The outer peripheral wall of the working part 3 is provided with continuous or discontinuous cutting edges along the axial direction. The cutting edges include deep cutting edges 4 and shallow cutting edges. The cutting edge radius of the deep cutting edge 4 is larger than that of the shallow cutting edge, and the cutting edge radius of the shallow cutting edge is greater than or equal to the radius of the working part 3 at its position. The deep cutting edge 4 is arranged in a corrugated plate shape on the working part 3. The shallow cutting edge is arranged between the crests and troughs of the deep cutting edge 4. The deep cutting edge 4 and the shallow cutting edge are distributed around the circumference of the working part 3. The cutting edges form a biomimetic bamboo joint structure on the surface of the working part 3 with periodic undulations along the axial direction, with the deep cutting edge 4 as the joint and the shallow cutting edge as the joint. This makes the device take into account flexibility, fatigue strength and cutting efficiency.

[0027] The cutting edge height of a shallow cutting edge can be zero or a separately designed value.

[0028] The cross-sections of the deep cutting edge 4 and the shallow cutting edge can be triangular.

[0029] The wavy plate structure of the deep cutting edge 4 can be designed to wrap the working part 3 at the desired angle.

[0030] In one embodiment, the wrapping path of the deep cutting edge 4 is spiral; in other embodiments, the wrapping path of the deep cutting edge 4 may also be a straight line parallel to the axis of the working part 3.

[0031] In one embodiment, the working part 3 is made of nickel-titanium material, which utilizes its superelasticity and shape memory effect to improve the safety and effectiveness of treatment.

[0032] In one embodiment, the plane containing the plate shape between the crest and trough of the deep cutting edge 4 makes an angle of 30° with the axis of the working part 3. In other embodiments, the angle can be designed as needed.

[0033] In root canal treatment, there are manual root canal files and electric root canal files. Therefore, the transmission handle 1 connected to the working part 3 can be a manual transmission component. The manual transmission component is provided with anti-slip texture to facilitate the operator to turn it. The anti-slip texture can be raised or recessed. The transmission handle 1 can also be an electric transmission component. The electric transmission component is used to drive the drive device. The electric transmission component can be connected to the drive end of the drive device so that the drive device can drive the electric transmission component to rotate.

[0034] In one embodiment, a stop plate 2 is slidably sleeved on the working part 3. The stop plate 2 is used to control the working length. The material of the stop plate 2 can be silicone or rubber, etc. It is positioned on the working part 3 by its own elasticity and can be adjusted on the working part 3 by external force, thereby adjusting the distance between the stop plate 2 and the tip of the working part 3. This distance is the working length.

[0035] To improve structural strength, the working part 3 is integrally formed with the cutting edge.

[0036] In actual use, the cutting edge of the working part 3 rotates inside the root canal. The deep cutting edge 4 is mainly used for cutting, while the shallow cutting edge is mainly used to provide flexibility for bending and deformation. At the same time, the deep cutting edge 4 and the shallow cutting edge work together to form a peristaltic pump-like active fluid transport effect similar to that of an earthworm, pushing debris from the root apex region toward the coronal region.

[0037] Any adaptive changes made according to actual needs are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0038] It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0039] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A biomimetic root canal file, characterized in that, The device includes an interconnected transmission handle and a working part. The working part has a conical rod-shaped structure. The outer peripheral wall of the working part is provided with continuous or discontinuous cutting edges along the axial direction. The cutting edges include deep cutting edges and shallow cutting edges. The cutting edge radius of the deep cutting edge is larger than that of the shallow cutting edge. The cutting edge radius of the shallow cutting edge is greater than or equal to the radius of the working part at its location. The deep cutting edge is arranged in a corrugated plate shape on the working part. The shallow cutting edge is arranged between the crests and troughs of the deep cutting edge. The deep cutting edge and the shallow cutting edge are distributed around the circumference of the working part. The cutting edges form a biomimetic bamboo joint structure on the surface of the working part with periodic undulations along the axial direction, with the deep cutting edge as the joint and the shallow cutting edge as the joint.

2. The bionic root canal file according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wrapping path of the deep cutting edge, which is wavy, is spiral.

3. The bionic root canal file according to claim 1, characterized in that, The working part is made of nickel-titanium material.

4. The bionic root canal file according to claim 1, characterized in that, The plane containing the plate shape between the crest and trough of the deep cutting edge makes an angle of 30° with the axis of the working part.

5. The bionic root canal file according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission handle is a manual transmission component, and the manual transmission component is provided with anti-slip texture.

6. The bionic root canal file according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission handle is an electric transmission component, which is used for transmission connection with the drive equipment.

7. The bionic root canal file according to claim 1, characterized in that, The working part is slidably fitted with a stop plate for controlling the working length.

8. The bionic root canal file according to claim 1, characterized in that, The working part is integrally formed with the cutting edge.

Images