Special multi-growth-period full-element AB water-soluble fertilizer for planting chive in field and use method of special multi-growth-period full-element AB water-soluble fertilizer

Abstract

The invention provides a special multi-growth-period all-element AB water-soluble fertilizer for planting chives in a field and a use method of the water-soluble fertilizer. The water-soluble fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, potassium nitrate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, monopotassium phosphate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, ammonium sulfate, chelated iron, chelated manganese, chelated zinc, chelated boron, chelated copper and sodium molybdate. Water-soluble fertilizer and irrigation water are supplied synchronously, and water and fertilizer are integrated. According to the method, the quality of chive products is improved, and meanwhile, the investment cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water-soluble fertilizer technology, and in particular to a multi-growth-period, all-element AB water-soluble fertilizer specifically for field-grown scallions and its application method. Background Technology

[0002] Mineral nutrients are essential for crop growth and development. Under the demands of high-density, fast-cycle, and high-yield vegetable cultivation, the continuous input of chemical fertilizers is still necessary to meet crop growth requirements. However, blindly pursuing increased yields and applying excessive amounts of fertilizer per unit area in a short period, while increasing crop output to some extent, also negatively impacts the overall nutritional structure of vegetables and can even lead to fertilizer burn. Simultaneously, it brings many negative impacts to the agricultural ecological environment, such as groundwater and surface water pollution, soil salinization, soil structure damage, and compaction, seriously threatening the sustainable development of agriculture and the ecological environment. Solving the balance between crop nutrient requirements and fertilizer input, and maximizing fertilizer utilization efficiency, is an urgent problem that modern agriculture needs to address.

[0003] Soil moisture is also a crucial environmental factor controlling crop growth and nutrient absorption. Achieving a high degree of coupling between water and nutrients when supplying fertilizer to crops is significant for promoting crop growth. In practice, dissolving water-soluble, readily available mineral nutrients in irrigation water and delivering them to the crop root zone through micro-irrigation pipelines ensures that the crop roots are always in an environment with stable changes and suitable nutrient concentrations, which can greatly improve crop growth and yield. However, different crops have unique growth and development characteristics, and their nutrient absorption and accumulation processes are also unique. Therefore, dynamically and scientifically supplying crops with mineral nutrients according to their specific needs is an important measure to achieve balanced nutrient supply and improve utilization efficiency. Scallions, as an important seasoning vegetable, have significant nutritional and economic value. However, under the specific planting conditions in my country, the precision and scientific nature of water-soluble fertilizer formulations for field planting of scallions still need to be improved. There is also an urgent need to match them with corresponding integrated water and fertilizer application schemes in the field to truly achieve efficient use of water and nutrients, give full play to the positive effects of integrated water and fertilizer technology in saving labor, increasing yield, saving water, and reducing fertilizer use, and avoid ecological and environmental problems caused by excessive and unreasonable fertilization from the source. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention proposes a multi-growth-stage, all-element AB water-soluble fertilizer specifically for field-grown scallions and its application method, which improves the quality and yield of scallions while reducing input costs.

[0005] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows: A multi-growth-stage, all-element AB water-soluble fertilizer specifically for field-grown scallions, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: calcium nitrate tetrahydrate (Ca(NO3)2·4H2O) 58-135 parts, potassium nitrate (KNO3) 35-79 parts, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH4H2PO4) 8-19 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KH2PO4) 6-15 parts, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (Mg2SO4·7H2O) 12- 55 parts, ammonium sulfate ((NH4)2SO4) 1-5 parts, chelated iron (EDTA-Fe) 1-7 parts, chelated manganese (EDTA-Mn) 0.1-0.6 parts, chelated zinc (EDTA-Zn) 0.2-0.6 parts, chelated boron (EDTA-B) 0.25-0.85 parts, chelated copper (EDTA-Cu) 0.01-0.09 parts, sodium molybdate (Na2MoO4) 0.01-0.04 parts.

[0006] Furthermore, the multi-stage growth period includes three growth phases: the transplanting seedling stage, the growing stage, and the end of the harvest.

[0007] Furthermore, the water-soluble fertilizer for transplanted seedlings includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 58-105 parts calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 35-60 parts potassium nitrate, 8-12 parts ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 6-10 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 12-25 parts magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 1-3 parts ammonium sulfate, 1-3 parts chelated iron, 0.1-0.4 parts chelated manganese, 0.2-0.6 parts chelated zinc, 0.25-0.65 parts chelated boron, 0.01-0.06 parts chelated copper, and 0.01-0.03 parts sodium molybdate.

[0008] Furthermore, the water-soluble fertilizer for the growing season comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-135 parts calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 45-79 parts potassium nitrate, 10-19 parts ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 6-15 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 23-55 parts magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 3-5 parts ammonium sulfate, 3-7 parts chelated iron, 0.2-0.6 parts chelated manganese, 0.2-0.6 parts chelated zinc, 0.35-0.85 parts chelated boron, 0.04-0.09 parts chelated copper, and 0.02-0.06 parts sodium molybdate.

[0009] Furthermore, the water-soluble fertilizer at the end of harvest comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-126 parts calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 40-79 parts potassium nitrate, 12-19 parts ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 6-13 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 16-35 parts magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 2-5 parts ammonium sulfate, 2-5 parts chelated iron, 0.2-0.6 parts chelated manganese, 0.2-0.6 parts chelated zinc, 0.25-0.65 parts chelated boron, 0.03-0.06 parts chelated copper, and 0.01-0.05 parts sodium molybdate.

[0010] Furthermore, the raw materials are separated into two channels for mixing and storage, referred to as Fertilizer A and Fertilizer B:

[0011] Fertilizer A includes calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, potassium nitrate, chelated iron, chelated zinc, chelated manganese, and chelated copper;

[0012] Fertilizer B includes potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, chelated boron, and sodium molybdate;

[0013] Fertilizer A contains 5-9% potassium nitrate by weight, while fertilizer B contains 91-95% potassium nitrate by weight.

[0014] Multi-channel separate raw material storage can avoid the problem of reduced nutrient availability caused by chemical reactions, and also allows for flexible adjustment of nutrient supply in field applications based on crop growth or specific climatic conditions.

[0015] A method for applying a multi-growth-stage, all-element AB water-soluble fertilizer specifically for field cultivation of scallions. The planting density of scallions is 4000-4500 plants / acre. The water-soluble fertilizer and irrigation water are supplied simultaneously, with each irrigation water volume being 4-5 ml. 3 / mu; during the transplanting seedling stage, the soil EC value is stable at 0.8-1.0mS / cm, and the fertilizer application rate is 0.5-1kg / mu; during the growing period, the soil EC value is stable at 1.2-1.3mS / cm, and the fertilizer application rate is 1-1.5kg / mu; at the end of the harvest period, the soil EC value is stable at 1.4-1.5mS / cm, and the fertilizer application rate is 1.5-2kg / mu.

[0016] Furthermore, the irrigation frequency is once every 2 days.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0018] The total elements include macroelements, mesoelements, and microelements. Macroelements include nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium; mesoelements include calcium, magnesium, and sulfur; and microelements include iron, copper, zinc, manganese, boron, molybdenum, chlorine, and silicon. These are all essential elements for every crop.

[0019] This invention ensures that the artificially added nutrients for scallions during each growth stage under field planting conditions are scientific and precise, highly consistent with the nutrient requirements and accumulation patterns of scallions. Combined with the corresponding integrated water and fertilizer application method of this invention, effective synchronization of water and fertilizer supply is achieved, thereby increasing scallion yield and improving quality. The quality mainly refers to scallion plant height, color, and uniformity.

[0020] Multi-stage fertilization allows for on-demand application of fertilizers based on the crop's nutrient requirements. This multi-channel fertilization method avoids the precipitation process caused by chemical reactions of fertilizer raw materials during storage and application, thus preventing the reduction of nutrient availability.

[0021] With the improved precision of fertilizer element supply, nutrient utilization efficiency has also been greatly improved, effectively avoiding excessive fertilizer input. This not only reduces input costs for growers but also effectively prevents problems such as soil salinization, compaction, and groundwater pollution caused by nutrient leaching. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Implementation Case 1

[0024] In Hongta District, Yuxi City, Yunnan Province, a concentrated area for field cultivation, spring (early February to mid-May) and autumn (early August to mid-November) scallion plantings were carried out, using field cultivation.

[0025] The scallion variety planted is white scallion. According to local planting practices, the planting density is 4000-4500 plants / acre. Fertilization is based on the growth status of the scallion plants. After the scallion seedlings obtained from division are planted at the base, they will recover within a week and grow upright, entering a 10-15 day transplanting seedling period. When the scallions begin to grow taller, they enter a 30-35 day growth period. The harvest period is 10-15 days before flowering, when the vegetative growth of the scallions slows down and they enter the reproductive growth stage.

[0026] Irrigation is done by sprinkler irrigation. The water and fertilizer management plan is as follows: irrigation and fertilization are carried out every 2 days. A multi-channel simple fertilizer applicator is used to supply water and fertilizer simultaneously. That is, two fertilizer tanks are used, one for fertilizer A and one for fertilizer B. The fertilizers are dissolved separately and then irrigated in a 1:1 volume ratio.

[0027] The application rate of the scallion-specific water-soluble fertilizer of this invention can be adjusted by measuring the soil EC value at different growth stages. A reasonable EC value is as follows: during the transplanting seedling stage, the EC value is stable at 0.8-1.0 mS / cm, with an application rate of approximately 0.5-1 kg / mu; during the growing stage, the EC value is stable at 1.2-1.3 mS / cm, with an application rate of approximately 1-1.5 kg / mu; and before harvest, the EC value is stable at 1.4-1.5 mS / cm, with an application rate of approximately 1.5-2 kg / mu. Irrigation should be carried out with 4-5 ml of fertilizer water each time. 3 / acre, agronomic management and plant protection measures should be implemented according to local planting practices. The preferred fertilizer formulation used in the above applications consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight:

[0028] 1) Scallion seedling transplanting stage: 75 parts calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 40 parts potassium nitrate, 8 parts ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 10 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 18 parts magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 2 parts ammonium sulfate, 2 parts chelated iron, 0.3 parts chelated manganese, 0.3 parts chelated zinc, 0.3 parts chelated boron, 0.035 parts chelated copper, and 0.02 parts sodium molybdate.

[0029] 2) Scallion growth period: 98 parts calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 57 parts potassium nitrate, 10 parts ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 12 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 23 parts magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 3 parts ammonium sulfate, 3 parts chelated iron, 0.3 parts chelated manganese, 0.3 parts chelated zinc, 0.38 parts chelated boron, 0.04 parts chelated copper, and 0.025 parts sodium molybdate.

[0030] 3) At the end of the scallion harvest: 90 parts calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 52 parts potassium nitrate, 12 parts ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 10 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 21 parts magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 3 parts ammonium sulfate, 3 parts chelated iron, 0.3 parts chelated manganese, 0.3 parts chelated zinc, 0.4 parts chelated boron, 0.05 parts chelated copper, and 0.035 parts sodium molybdate.

[0031] Control group 1

[0032] Using the local common soil cultivation method, the mainstream cultivation practice is to apply 6-8 ml of soil before planting. 3 Organic fertilizer (a mixture of rice husks and chicken manure, decomposed at high temperature) per mu; irrigation should be applied every 2 days during the transplanting seedling stage, growth period, and late harvest period, with each application of 4-5 ml of water. 3 Apply 5-8 kg / mu of water-soluble fertilizer containing macro-elements (purchased commercially, N:P:K mass ratio of 30:30:30) per week for irrigation. Apply fertilizer twice during the transplanting seedling stage, four times during the growing season, and three times at the end of the harvest period. The irrigation plan and field management are the same as those in Example 1 for scallion-specific water-soluble fertilizer.

[0033] In the field trial, data were collected on yield, plant height, single plant weight, Class A marketable rate, total fertilizer input cost, and fertilizer utilization efficiency in both the treatment and control groups. The results showed that the above-mentioned formula of multi-element water-soluble fertilizer for the entire growth period of field-grown scallions can significantly improve the yield and quality of scallions, as shown in Table 1.

[0034] Table 1. Comparison of scallion yield and quality evaluation indicators under fertilizer application conditions in Example 1 and Control 1.

[0035] Evaluation indicators Example 1 Control group 1 Improvement effect Yield (kg / mu) 2653 1876 +41.4％ Category A product rate (%) 90 65 +38.4％ Weight of a single tree (g) 15 11 +36.4％ Investment cost (RMB) 3500 4000 -12.5％ Plant height (cm) 25 18 +38.9％

[0036] Example 2

[0037] This embodiment is basically the same as embodiment 1, except that:

[0038] 1) Scallion seedling stage: 58 parts calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 40 parts potassium nitrate, 9 parts ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 7 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 12 parts magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 1 part ammonium sulfate, 1 part chelated iron, 0.2 parts chelated manganese, 0.2 parts chelated zinc, 0.25 parts chelated boron, 0.01 parts chelated copper, and 0.01 parts sodium molybdate.

[0039] 2) Scallion growth period: 70 parts calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 50 parts potassium nitrate, 12 parts ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 6 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 30 parts magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 4 parts ammonium sulfate, 4 parts chelated iron, 0.2 parts chelated manganese, 0.2 parts chelated zinc, 0.35 parts chelated boron, 0.05 parts chelated copper, and 0.02 parts sodium molybdate.

[0040] 3) At the end of the scallion harvest: 60 parts calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 45 parts potassium nitrate, 13 parts ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 6 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 16 parts magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 2 parts ammonium sulfate, 2 parts chelated iron, 0.2 parts chelated manganese, 0.2 parts chelated zinc, 0.25 parts chelated boron, 0.03 parts chelated copper, and 0.01 parts sodium molybdate.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] This embodiment is basically the same as embodiment 1, except that:

[0043] 1) Scallion seedling transplanting stage: The water-soluble fertilizer for the seedling transplanting stage includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 105 parts calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 60 parts potassium nitrate, 12 parts ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 9 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 25 parts magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 3 parts ammonium sulfate, 3 parts chelated iron, 0.4 parts chelated manganese, 0.6 parts chelated zinc, 0.65 parts chelated boron, 0.06 parts chelated copper, and 0.03 parts sodium molybdate.

[0044] 2) Scallion growth period: 135 parts calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 79 parts potassium nitrate, 19 parts ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 15 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 55 parts magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 5 parts ammonium sulfate, 7 parts chelated iron, 0.6 parts chelated manganese, 0.6 parts chelated zinc, 0.85 parts chelated boron, 0.09 parts chelated copper, and 0.06 parts sodium molybdate.

[0045] 3) At the end of the scallion harvest: 126 parts of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 79 parts of potassium nitrate, 19 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 13 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 35 parts of magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 5 parts of ammonium sulfate, 5 parts of chelated iron, 0.6 parts of chelated manganese, 0.6 parts of chelated zinc, 0.65 parts of chelated boron, 0.06 parts of chelated copper, and 0.05 parts of sodium molybdate.

[0046] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-element AB water-soluble fertilizer specifically for field-grown scallions, characterized in that: The raw materials include the following parts by weight: calcium nitrate tetrahydrate 58-135 parts, potassium nitrate 35-79 parts, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 8-19 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 6-15 parts, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate 12-55 parts, ammonium sulfate 1-5 parts, chelated iron 1-7 parts, chelated manganese 0.1-0.6 parts, chelated zinc 0.2-0.6 parts, chelated boron 0.25-0.85 parts, chelated copper 0.01-0.09 parts, and sodium molybdate 0.01-0.04 parts.

2. The multi-growth-stage, all-element AB water-soluble fertilizer for field-grown scallions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-stage growth period includes three phases: the transplanting seedling stage, the growing stage, and the end of the harvest.

3. The multi-growth-stage, all-element AB water-soluble fertilizer for field-grown scallions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water-soluble fertilizer for transplanted seedlings contains the following raw materials in parts by weight: 58-105 parts calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 35-60 parts potassium nitrate, 8-12 parts ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 6-10 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 12-25 parts magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 1-3 parts ammonium sulfate, 1-3 parts chelated iron, 0.1-0.4 parts chelated manganese, 0.2-0.6 parts chelated zinc, 0.25-0.65 parts chelated boron, 0.01-0.06 parts chelated copper, and 0.01-0.03 parts sodium molybdate.

4. The multi-growth-stage, all-element AB water-soluble fertilizer for field-grown scallions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The growing season water-soluble fertilizer contains the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-135 parts calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 45-79 parts potassium nitrate, 10-19 parts ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 6-15 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 23-55 parts magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 3-5 parts ammonium sulfate, 3-7 parts chelated iron, 0.2-0.6 parts chelated manganese, 0.2-0.6 parts chelated zinc, 0.35-0.85 parts chelated boron, 0.04-0.09 parts chelated copper, and 0.02-0.06 parts sodium molybdate.

5. The multi-growth-stage, all-element AB water-soluble fertilizer for field-grown scallions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water-soluble fertilizer at the end of harvest contains the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-126 parts calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, 40-79 parts potassium nitrate, 12-19 parts ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 6-13 parts potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 16-35 parts magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, 2-5 parts ammonium sulfate, 2-5 parts chelated iron, 0.2-0.6 parts chelated manganese, 0.2-0.6 parts chelated zinc, 0.25-0.65 parts chelated boron, 0.03-0.06 parts chelated copper, and 0.01-0.05 parts sodium molybdate.

6. A multi-growth-stage, all-element AB water-soluble fertilizer for field-grown scallions according to any one of claims 1-5, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: the raw materials are separated, mixed, and stored in two channels, referred to as fertilizer A and fertilizer B: Fertilizer A includes calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, potassium nitrate, chelated iron, chelated zinc, chelated manganese, and chelated copper; Fertilizer B includes potassium nitrate, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, chelated boron, and sodium molybdate; Fertilizer A contains 5-9% potassium nitrate by weight, while fertilizer B contains 91-95% potassium nitrate by weight.

7. The method of using the multi-growth-stage, all-element AB water-soluble fertilizer for field-grown scallions as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The planting density of scallions is 4000-4500 plants / acre. Water-soluble fertilizer and irrigation water are supplied simultaneously, with each irrigation water volume being 4-5 ml. 3 / mu; during the transplanting seedling stage, the soil EC value is stable at 0.8-1.0mS / cm, and the fertilizer application rate is 0.5-1kg / mu; during the growing period, the soil EC value is stable at 1.2-1.3mS / cm, and the fertilizer application rate is 1-1.5kg / mu; at the end of the harvest period, the soil EC value is stable at 1.4-1.5mS / cm, and the fertilizer application rate is 1.5-2kg / mu.

8. The method of use according to claim 7, characterized in that: Irrigation should be done every two days.