Cable-first steel-second support-free construction method of suspension cable-steel frame combined large-span space structure

Abstract

The invention relates to a cable-first and steel-second support-free construction method for a suspension cable-steel frame combined large-span space structure, namely, a suspension cable is firstly installed, then a steel frame is hung below the suspension cable to be assembled, and the construction method comprises the steps of overall construction, a method for installing the suspension cable through high-altitude cable sliding and cooperative control between suspension cable tensioning and steel frame installation. Compared with the prior art, the suspension cable is installed through the high-altitude sliding cable, the steel frame is hoisted without a support, site condition limitation is overcome, suspension cable installation and cable body protection are facilitated, the construction measure cost is reduced, and the construction period is shortened; during the process and the final structural form are controlled by tensioning the suspension cable in four stages, the line shape of the suspension cable in the first two stages is controlled, the alignment elevation of a steel frame cross beam and a suspension structure is controlled in the third stage, and the cable force of the suspension cable is controlled in the fourth stage, so that active regulation and control of the form in the whole process are realized, and high-precision structural forming is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of construction technology of large-span spatial structures in civil engineering, and relates to a method for constructing a cable-steel frame combined large-span spatial structure without supports by first installing cables and then installing steel. Background Technology

[0002] Large-span spatial structures are widely used in various large public buildings due to their advantages such as large span, high space utilization, and aesthetically pleasing design. The cable-stayed steel frame composite large-span spatial structure is a type of rigid-flexible prestressed spatial structure, composed of a cable-stayed structure, a steel frame structure, and a suspension structure. The cable-stayed structure includes towers, inclined cables, and suspension cables, with the towers located at both ends of the cables. The suspension structure is located between the cables and the steel frame, and the steel frame structure can be of various forms such as rigid frames, trusses, and space frames.

[0003] The cable-stayed steel frame composite large-span spatial structure has the following characteristics: the suspension cables and hanging structures provide elastic support points for the steel frame, bearing the load transmitted from the steel frame roof, improving the overall structural rigidity, and reducing the internal forces of the steel frame; the cable forces are balanced by the towers and inclined cables. Therefore, this structure is lightweight, efficient, and has a strong spatial span capability, making it suitable for large-span spatial buildings.

[0004] For similar large-span spatial structures, the traditional construction method is the "steel-first, cable-later" scaffolding construction method. This involves first erecting scaffolding and assembling the steel frame, then installing and tensioning the suspension cables. The main steps of this method include: erecting a high scaffold on the ground, then assembling the steel frame structure in situ on the scaffolding, then installing the suspension cable structure and hanging structure, then tensioning the suspension cables and inclined cables, and finally unloading and dismantling the scaffolding to complete the structure. Alternatively, for the installation of the suspension cables, the conventional practice is to first lay the cables on the steel frame, then use a traction device to lift the cables into the air and connect them to the tower.

[0005] However, the current "steel first, cable later" scaffolding construction method has the following shortcomings: (1) Erecting the scaffold occupies the space under the steel frame, which requires high bearing capacity of the site foundation; (2) The amount of scaffold erection is large, the cost of measures is high, and the construction period is long; (3) It is difficult to lay the suspension cable on the steel frame, and it is not conducive to the protection of the cable body; (4) This method cannot be used when site conditions are limited and it is not possible to erect the scaffold. This invention is based on these shortcomings. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for constructing a large-span spatial structure with a cable-steel frame combination, which involves cable installation followed by steel frame construction without scaffolding. This method overcomes site limitations, facilitates cable installation and cable protection, eliminates the need for scaffolding, reduces construction costs, shortens the construction period, and enables active control of the entire process to achieve high-precision structural forming.

[0007] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A method for constructing a cable-stayed, steel-frame composite large-span spatial structure using a pre-cable-steel construction method without scaffolding includes the following steps: S1. A crane is used to install the cable tower, steel frame columns, and inclined cables; S2. The first stage of tensioning the inclined cable is to install the suspension cable located between the two towers using the high-altitude cableway method. S3. The first stage of tensioning the suspension cable ensures that the coordinates of the midpoint of the suspension cable reach the design position. S4. Use a crane to install cable clamps and suspension structures at the marked positions on the surface of the suspension cable; S5. Second stage tensioning of the inclined cables and anchoring them in place; S5. The second stage of tensioning the suspension cables ensures that the intermediate suspension structure installed in the suspension cables reaches the design elevation. S6. Two frames constitute one hoisting batch. Each hoisting batch includes two hoisting units located on both sides of the suspension cable. Along the direction of the suspension cable, the hoisting units of each hoisting batch are symmetrically installed from the middle to both sides using a crane. At the same time, in the third stage, the tensioning cable is adjusted in real time so that the hoisting unit and the corresponding suspension structure are aligned and connected at the design elevation. S7. Along the suspension cable direction, install the connecting components between adjacent hoisting units symmetrically from the middle to both sides; S8, the fourth stage of tensioning the suspension cables, and the structure is formed.

[0008] Furthermore, in S2, the process of installing suspension cables using the high-altitude cableway method is as follows: S21. A crane is used to install and pre-tighten the cableway between the nodes at both ends of the suspension cable. S22. Place the suspension cable reel on the ground at the bottom of one tower and set up a winch on the other tower. Then, hang one end of the suspension cable on the sling and connect the cable end to the wire rope of the winch. S23. A winch is used to pull the cable head along the cableway to the other tower. During the movement, a crane is used to lift the cable segment at intervals and hang the cable segment on the cableway. S24. After the traction end of the suspension cable approaches the tower on the other side, connect the cable end to the cable end node of the tower. S25. Lift the other end of the suspension cable to the top of the tower and connect it to the cable end node; S26. Remove the slings and cableways; the suspension cable installation is now complete.

[0009] Furthermore, in S3, the target control process for the first stage of tensioning the suspension cable is as follows: Measure the coordinates of the nodes at both ends of the suspension cable and the midpoint of the span, and adjust the length of the screws at both ends of the suspension cable so that the coordinates of the midpoint of the suspension cable reach the design position, thereby reducing deviations caused by cable length errors and tower installation errors.

[0010] Furthermore, in S6, the target control process for the second stage of tensioning the suspension cable is as follows: Measure the spatial configuration of the intermediate frame's suspension structure and adjust the length of the screws at both ends of the suspension cable to ensure that the intermediate frame's suspension structure reaches the design elevation.

[0011] Furthermore, in S6, each hoisting unit includes two adjacent steel frame beams and a connecting component between the two steel frame beams. The steel frame beams are connected to the steel frame columns to form a steel frame structure, and the steel frame beams are configured to be aligned and connected to the hoisting structure at the design elevation.

[0012] Furthermore, in S6, the target control process for the third stage of tensioning the suspension cable is as follows: measure the spatial configuration of the suspension structure corresponding to the steel frame beam during hoisting, adjust the length of the screws at both ends of the suspension cable so that the suspension structure reaches the design elevation, facilitating the alignment and connection of the steel frame beam and the suspension structure at the design elevation.

[0013] Furthermore, in S6, during the hoisting process of each hoisting batch, two cranes are used to simultaneously hoist two hoisting units between the steel frame column and the hanging structure.

[0014] Furthermore, in S8, the goal of the fourth stage of tensioning the suspension cable is to achieve the designed cable force.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: (1) The installation of suspension cables and steel frames without supports in high-altitude cableway is not limited by site conditions, has low construction cost, short construction period, and can better protect the cable body; (2) The structural form during and at the end of the process is controlled by tensioning the suspension cable in four stages. The first two stages are mainly controlled by the suspension cable alignment, the third stage is mainly controlled by the alignment elevation of the portal steel frame beam and the suspended structure, and the fourth stage is mainly controlled by the suspension cable force. This achieves active control of the form throughout the process and high-precision structural forming. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional axonometric drawing of the large-span spatial structure with cable-stayed and steel frame combination to which this invention applies.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of construction step 1 of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of step 1 of construction step 3 in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of step 2 of construction step 3 in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the third and fourth steps of construction step 3 in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of steps 5 and 6 of construction step 3 in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of step 7 of construction step 3 in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of construction step 5 of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the completion of the installation of a middle steel frame beam hoisting unit in construction step 7 of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the completion of the installation of all steel frame beam hoisting units in construction step 7 of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of construction steps 9 and 10 in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0027] Explanation of markings in the diagram: 1-East tower, 2-West tower, 3-Inclined cable, 4-South suspension cable, 5-North suspension cable, 6-Portal steel frame column, 7-Portal steel frame beam, 8-Inverted triangular hanger, 9-Roof connecting component, 10-Crane, 11-Cableway, 12-Suspension cable reel, 13-Wind, 14-Suspension cable traction end, 15-Sling, 16-Wind wire rope, 17-Non-traction end, 18, 19-South suspension cable end nodes, 20-South suspension cable mid-span, 21, 22-North suspension cable end nodes, 23-North suspension cable mid-span. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. These embodiments are based on the technical solution of the present invention and provide detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures. However, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0031] The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to specific embodiments.

[0032] Example 1: Taking the structure of an archaeological shed as an example, the shed has a span of approximately 68 meters, a length of approximately 91 meters, and a ridge height of approximately 10.5 meters. It consists of a suspension structure, a steel frame structure, and inverted triangular suspension rods between the suspension cables and the steel frame. It is a typical large-span spatial structure combining suspension cables and a steel frame. (See [reference needed]). Figure 1 The suspension structure includes an east tower 1, a west tower 2, four inclined cables 3, a south suspension cable 4, and a north suspension cable 5. The steel frame structure consists of 33 standard portal frames. Each portal frame is composed of two symmetrical halves. Each half includes a portal frame column 6 and a portal frame beam 7. At the ridge splice, it is connected to the south suspension cable 4 and the north suspension cable 5 through an inverted triangular hanger 8 (which is equivalent to a suspension structure). The roof connecting components 9 include longitudinal tie rods and cross braces.

[0033] The specific construction steps are as follows: Step 1: Use crane 10 to install the east tower 1, west tower 2, four inclined cables 3, and portal frame columns 6. (See attached diagram) Figure 2 ; Step 2: First stage tensioning and pre-tightening of the inclined cable 3; Step 3: Install the south suspension cable 4 and the north suspension cable 5 using the high-altitude cableway method; The specific steps of the high-altitude zipline method are as follows: ① The cableway 11 is installed and pre-tensioned between the two ends of the suspension cable 4 on the south side using a crane 10. (See below) Figure 3 ; ② Place the suspension cable reel 12 on the ground at the bottom of the east tower 1, and arrange the winch 13 at the top of the west tower 2. First, hang the suspension cable traction end 14 on the cableway 11 via the sling 15, and then connect the traction end 14 to the winch wire rope 16. (See below) Figure 4 ; ③ A winch 13 is used to pull the suspension cable traction end 14, causing it to move along the cableway 9 towards the west tower 2. See [link / reference] Figure 5 ; ④ During the journey, at intervals, the suspension cable segment is gradually lifted by the crane 10 and then suspended onto the cableway 9 by the sling 15. See below. Figure 5 ; ⑤ After the suspension cable traction end 14 approaches the west tower 2, connect the suspension cable traction end 14 to the cable end node of the west tower 2, see [link / reference]. Figure 6 ; ⑥ Finally, the non-traction end cable head 17 of the suspension cable is lifted to the top of the east tower 1 and connected to the cable end node, see [reference]. Figure 6 At this time, the fourth suspension cable on the south side was installed; ⑦ Reinstall the north suspension cable 5 in place using the same method, see below. Figure 7 ; ⑧ Remove the slings and cableways.

[0034] Step 4: In the first stage, tension the south suspension cable 4 and the north suspension cable 5. Measure the coordinates of nodes 18 and 19 at both ends of the south suspension cable, the midpoint 20 of the south suspension cable span, and nodes 21 and 22 at both ends of the north suspension cable, as well as the midpoint 23 of the north suspension cable span. Adjust the length of the bolts at both ends of the suspension cables so that the coordinates of the midpoint 20 of the south suspension cable span and the midpoint 23 of the north suspension cable span reach the design position. This reduces the deviation caused by the cable length error of the south suspension cable 4 and the north suspension cable 5, and the installation error of the east tower 1 and the west tower 2. Refer to [link to measurement point locations] for details. Figure 7 ; Step 5: Using crane 10, install cable clamps at the marked positions on the cable body surface and connect them to the inverted triangular suspension rod 8 (i.e., the suspension structure) at the top of the greenhouse. See [link / reference]. Figure 8 ; Step 6: Second stage tensioning of cable 3, and anchoring of cable 3 in place; Step 7: In the second stage, tension the south suspension cable 4 and the north suspension cable 5, measure the spatial configuration of the inverted triangular suspension rod 8 in the middle of the greenhouse top, and adjust the length of the screws at both ends of the south suspension cable 4 and the north suspension cable 5 so that the inverted triangular suspension rod 8 reaches the design elevation. Step 8: Using one half-span of the portal frame beam 7 and the connecting components between two adjacent frames as one hoisting unit, and the other half-span as another hoisting unit, two cranes 10 are used to simultaneously hoist the two hoisting units between the portal frame column 6 and the inverted triangular suspension rod 8 at the top of the canopy. The hoisting units are installed symmetrically from the middle outwards. During the process, the spatial configuration of the inverted triangular suspension rod 8 corresponding to the portal frame beam 7 is measured in real time. In the third stage, the lengths of the bolts at both ends of the south suspension cable 4 and the north suspension cable 5 are adjusted in real time to ensure that the inverted triangular suspension rod 8 reaches the design elevation, facilitating the alignment and connection of the hoisted portal frame beam 7 and the inverted triangular suspension rod 8 at the design elevation. (See attached diagram) Figure 9 The diagram shown is a schematic of the completed installation of a portal frame beam hoisting unit in the middle. (Attached) Figure 10 The diagram shown is a complete installation of all portal frame beam hoisting units. Step 9: Install the roof connection components 9 between each hoisting unit symmetrically from the middle to both sides, including longitudinal tie rods and cross braces. See [link / reference] Figure 11 ; Step 10, the fourth stage, tensions the south suspension cable 4 and the north suspension cable 5 to bring the cable force to the design value and form the structure.

[0035] The above description of the embodiments is provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand and use the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to these embodiments, and the general principles described herein can be applied to other embodiments without inventive effort. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any improvements and modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the disclosure of the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention should be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for constructing a cable-stayed, steel-framed, large-span spatial structure without supports, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. A crane is used to install the cable tower, steel frame columns, and inclined cables; S2. The first stage of tensioning the inclined cable is to install the suspension cable located between the two towers using the high-altitude cableway method. S3. The first stage of tensioning the suspension cable ensures that the coordinates of the midpoint of the suspension cable reach the design position. S4. Use a crane to install cable clamps and suspension structures at the marked positions on the surface of the suspension cable; S5. Second stage tensioning of the inclined cables and anchoring them in place; S5. The second stage of tensioning the suspension cables ensures that the intermediate suspension structure installed in the suspension cables reaches the design elevation. S6. Two frames constitute one hoisting batch. Each hoisting batch includes two hoisting units located on both sides of the suspension cable. Along the direction of the suspension cable, the hoisting units of each hoisting batch are symmetrically installed from the middle to both sides using a crane. At the same time, in the third stage, the tensioning cable is adjusted in real time so that the hoisting unit and the corresponding suspension structure are aligned and connected at the design elevation. S7. Along the suspension cable direction, install the connecting components between adjacent hoisting units symmetrically from the middle to both sides; S8, the fourth stage of tensioning the suspension cables, and the structure is formed.

2. The method for constructing a cable-stayed, steel-framed, large-span spatial structure without supports, according to claim 1, is characterized in that... In S2, the process of installing the suspension cables using the high-altitude cableway method is as follows: S21. A crane is used to install and pre-tighten the cableway between the nodes at both ends of the suspension cable. S22. Place the suspension cable reel on the ground at the bottom of one tower and set up a winch on the other tower. Then, hang one end of the suspension cable on the sling and connect the cable end to the wire rope of the winch. S23. A winch is used to pull the cable head along the cableway to the other tower. During the movement, a crane is used to lift the cable segment at intervals and hang the cable segment on the cableway. S24. After the traction end of the suspension cable approaches the tower on the other side, connect the cable end to the cable end node of the tower. S25. Lift the other end of the suspension cable to the top of the tower and connect it to the cable end node; S26. Remove the slings and cableways; the suspension cable installation is now complete.

3. The method for constructing a cable-stayed, steel-framed, large-span spatial structure without supports, according to claim 1, is characterized in that... In S3, the target control process for the first stage of tensioning the suspension cable is as follows: Measure the coordinates of the nodes at both ends of the suspension cable and the midpoint of the span, and adjust the length of the screws at both ends of the suspension cable so that the coordinates of the midpoint of the suspension cable reach the design position.

4. The method for constructing a cable-stayed, steel-framed, large-span spatial structure without supports, according to claim 1, is characterized in that... In S6, the target control process for the second stage of tensioning the suspension cable is as follows: Measure the spatial configuration of the intermediate frame's suspension structure and adjust the length of the screws at both ends of the suspension cable to ensure that the intermediate frame's suspension structure reaches the design elevation.

5. The method for constructing a cable-stayed, steel-framed, large-span spatial structure without supports, according to claim 1, is characterized in that... In S6, each hoisting unit includes two adjacent steel frame beams and a connecting component between the two steel frame beams. The steel frame beams are connected to the steel frame columns to form a steel frame structure, and the steel frame beams are configured to be aligned and connected to the hoisting structure at the design elevation.

6. The method for constructing a cable-stayed, steel-framed, large-span spatial structure without supports, according to claim 5, is characterized in that... In S6, the target control process for the third stage of tensioning the suspension cable is as follows: Measure the spatial configuration of the suspension structure corresponding to the steel frame beam during hoisting, and adjust the length of the bolts at both ends of the suspension cable so that the suspension structure reaches the design elevation.

7. A method for constructing a cable-stayed, steel-framed, large-span spatial structure without supports, according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that... In S6, during the hoisting process of each hoisting batch, two cranes are used to simultaneously hoist two hoisting units between the steel frame column and the hanging structure.

8. The method for constructing a cable-stayed, steel-framed, large-span spatial structure without supports, according to claim 1, is characterized in that... In S8, the goal of the fourth stage of tensioning the suspension cable is to achieve the design value of the cable force.

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