Adaptive multi-degree-of-freedom combined ocean energy power generation device and control method

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of marine renewable energy technology, specifically relating to an adaptive sea state multi-degree-of-freedom combined marine energy power generation device and control method. A wave energy input mechanism and a reversing mechanism are mounted on the drive shaft, while an energy conversion mechanism is mounted on the driven shaft. The wave energy input mechanism, under the action of the reversing mechanism, inputs unidirectional rotation to the energy conversion mechanism. A self-adjusting gear ratio system is placed inside the float base, with different gear ratios between each gear set. The drive wheel is mounted on the drive shaft via bearings and has an internal groove, while the driven wheel is fixedly mounted on the driven shaft. A controllable pin device is fixedly mounted inside the drive shaft, controlling the pin to extend into or retract from the internal groove, switching gear sets to adapt to different sea states. This invention changes the gear ratio to alter the resistance during pendulum motion, enabling resonance between the pendulum motion and the float motion, thus more effectively utilizing wave energy under different sea states and significantly improving wave energy utilization efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of marine renewable energy technology, specifically relating to an adaptive sea state multi-degree-of-freedom combined marine energy power generation device and control method. Background Technology

[0002] Ocean energy generation devices convert ocean wave energy into electrical energy, primarily used in coastal or offshore renewable energy development. The core principle is to generate electricity through wave motion driving air compression or mechanical transmission. Their structural designs include buoy-type, fixed, and modular devices. For example, the Swedish C4 buoy generates electricity by driving gears through up-and-down movement; the European Sea Snake device uses a combination of floats and hydraulic pistons; and the Chinese "Huaqing" pneumatic device uses a hydraulic system to adapt to a wide range of wave frequencies. Some patented devices collect wave energy both horizontally and vertically, combined with modular arrangement to improve power generation efficiency, applicable to scenarios including offshore platforms, fishing ports, and isolated island power supply.

[0003] The current technical bottleneck in the application of ocean energy power generation devices lies in the poor stability of power output under irregular wave conditions. Further analysis reveals the following reasons: First, insufficient adaptability to sea conditions. Traditional devices often employ fixed gear ratio designs, making it difficult to balance low-torque, high-efficiency transmission in calm sea conditions with overload protection in severe sea conditions, thus limiting power generation efficiency across all sea conditions. Second, multi-degree-of-freedom devices have complex structures and inefficient commutation mechanisms. Commonly used planar gear sets or ratchet-pawl structures are poorly adapted to converting the bidirectional spatial oscillation of an eccentric pendulum into unidirectional rotation, easily leading to mechanical losses and jamming. Third, poor output stability. Single electronically controlled speed stabilization or inertial flywheel designs cannot offset the speed variations caused by random wave fluctuations, resulting in power quality that fails to meet the continuous and stable requirements of scenarios such as island power supply and marine monitoring. Fourth, strong dependence on a single energy source, lacking a deep complementary mechanism with wind and solar power, leading to power outages on cloudy days or when there is no wind. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a multi-degree-of-freedom combined marine energy power generation device and control method that is adaptive to sea conditions, generates stable power, and is not limited by weather.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: an adaptive sea state multi-degree-of-freedom combined ocean energy power generation device, comprising:

[0006] The floating base is a closed hemispherical shape.

[0007] The drive shaft and driven shaft are installed vertically inside the float base;

[0008] The wave energy power generation device is located inside the floating body base and includes: a wave energy input mechanism, a reversing mechanism, and an energy conversion end mechanism. The wave energy input mechanism and the reversing mechanism are mounted on the drive shaft, and the energy conversion end mechanism is mounted on the driven shaft. The wave energy input mechanism inputs unidirectional rotation to the energy conversion end mechanism under the action of the reversing mechanism.

[0009] The self-adjusting gear ratio system is located inside the float base and includes: a variable gear set, each gear set having a meshing drive wheel and a driven wheel, and the gear ratio between each gear set is different. The drive wheel of each set is mounted on the drive shaft through bearings and each drive wheel has an internal groove. The driven wheel of each set is fixedly mounted on the driven shaft.

[0010] Torque sensor, which is mounted on the drive shaft;

[0011] A controllable pin device is fixedly installed inside the drive shaft, and the controllable pin device is provided with a pin that mates with the inner groove.

[0012] The controllable pin device controls the pin to extend into or retract from the inner groove based on the torque measured by the torque sensor, and switches gear sets to adapt to different sea conditions.

[0013] Preferably, the tail end of the pin is provided with a protruding key;

[0014] The controllable pin device also includes: a servo motor, a guide wheel, and a guide groove platform. The guide wheel is located above the guide groove platform, and the servo motor is located below the guide groove platform. The guide wheel is mounted on the output end of the servo motor.

[0015] The guide platform has a slot for installing the pin, and the guide wheel has an arc-shaped guide groove to guide the pin to extend or retract. One end of the arc-shaped guide groove is close to the center of the guide wheel and the other end is far away. The convex key is installed in conjunction with the arc-shaped guide groove.

[0016] Preferably, the arc-shaped guide grooves are centrally symmetrically distributed on the plane of the guide wheel.

[0017] Preferably, each gear set has a controllable pin device at its driving wheel.

[0018] Preferably, the variable gear set has three sets of gears with gear ratios of 0.513, 1 and 1.318, respectively, corresponding to calm, normal and severe sea conditions.

[0019] Preferably, the controllable pin device has four pins evenly distributed along the circumference.

[0020] Preferably, the reversing mechanism includes: a first bevel gear and a second bevel gear in the vertical direction, and a third bevel gear in the horizontal direction. The first bevel gear is connected to the drive shaft through a first one-way bearing, and the second bevel gear is connected to the drive shaft through a second one-way bearing. The first one-way bearing and the second one-way bearing are in the same direction, and the third bevel gear meshes with the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear for transmission.

[0021] The wave energy input mechanism includes: an adjustable load and a horizontal eccentric pendulum; the horizontal eccentric pendulum is fixedly connected to the first straight bevel gear, and the end of the pendulum arm of the horizontal eccentric pendulum is provided with an adjustable load;

[0022] The power conversion terminal mechanism includes an inertial flywheel and a generator. The input shaft of the generator is fixedly connected to the inertial flywheel, and the inertial flywheel is connected to the driven shaft through a one-way bearing.

[0023] Preferably, a conical steel frame is welded to the top of the float base, and a spiral wind turbine is installed inside the conical steel frame. The blades of the spiral wind turbine are arranged along the vertical axis. Photovoltaic panels are installed on the outside of the conical steel frame.

[0024] A control method for controlling the aforementioned adaptive sea state multi-degree-of-freedom combined ocean energy generation device includes the following steps:

[0025] S1. Anchor the device to the sea surface. Waves drive the floating body to pitch and roll. The wave energy input mechanism inputs unidirectional rotation to the power conversion end mechanism under the action of the reversing mechanism.

[0026] S2. The torque sensor detects the torque at the wave energy input mechanism in real time, selects the gear set according to the preset threshold, drives the controllable pin device to control the pin to extend into or out of the inner groove, and switches the gear set to adapt to different sea conditions.

[0027] S3. The drive shaft drives the driven shaft through a selected gear set, and the power conversion end mechanism absorbs speed fluctuations and outputs stable power.

[0028] Preferably, it also includes: wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation that complement wave energy generation, wherein the wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation are connected to the power supply system of the floating body for powering the control module and energy storage device.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0030] 1. An eccentric pendulum wave energy generator can capture the multi-degree-of-freedom motion of the device under the action of waves and convert it into the horizontal rotational motion of the eccentric pendulum around the active axis. In actual sea areas, waves are mostly random waves, and the motion of the device is extremely irregular. Traditional vertical pendulum wave energy generators can only absorb waves coming from one direction and the amplitude of the pendulum motion is limited. The horizontal eccentric pendulum can capture the energy of waves to the greatest extent in different directions of incoming waves.

[0031] 2. The self-adjusting gear ratio system can monitor torque in real time through the torque sensor of the automatic control system according to different sea conditions. Based on the real-time torque, it selects and controls the extension and retraction of the controllable pin device in the drive shaft driven by the servo motor, thereby automatically adjusting the gear ratio of the working transmission gear set on the drive shaft and the transmission shaft. This changes the resistance when the pendulum moves, so that the pendulum movement and the floating body movement can resonate. This can more effectively utilize wave energy under different sea conditions and significantly improve the wave energy utilization efficiency.

[0032] 3. The inertial flywheel speed stabilization mechanism is connected to the driven shaft through a one-way bearing. The large inertial flywheel smooths out speed fluctuations, ensuring stable generator output and significantly improving the power generation stability of the wave energy device.

[0033] 4. Photovoltaic panels and spiral wind turbines can utilize solar and wind energy to power the floating body's control system and store excess electrical energy. The spiral wind turbines, housed within a conical steel frame, enhance wind energy capture through a narrow tube effect. The photovoltaic panels and spiral wind turbines, along with wave energy, provide complementary power. Simultaneously, the presence of wave energy storage within the floating body prevents energy loss on cloudy or windless days. This combined approach to power generation results in a more stable overall energy supply for the system.

[0034] In summary, this invention provides a multi-degree-of-freedom combined marine energy power generation device and control method that is adaptive to sea conditions, generates stable power, and is not limited by weather. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the power generation device disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention with the float shell cut open.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the float shell removed, as disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a vertical cross-sectional view of the reversing mechanism disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a vertical cross-sectional view of the self-adjusting gear ratio system disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 5 This is an isometric view of the controllable pin device disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 6 This is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the self-adjusting gear ratio system disclosed in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 7 This is a graph showing instantaneous power generation under calm sea conditions.

[0042] Figure 8 This is a diagram of instantaneous power generation under normal sea conditions.

[0043] Figure 9 This is a graph showing instantaneous power generation under severe sea conditions.

[0044] In the picture:

[0045] 101. Photovoltaic panel; 102. Fan blade; 103. Conical steel frame; 104. Wind turbine; 105. Floating body shell;

[0046] 201. Lower base; 202. Gear frame; 203. Drive shaft; 204. Driven shaft; 205. Inertia flywheel; 206. Generator; 207. Torque sensor; 208. Reversing mechanism; 209. Horizontal eccentric pendulum; 210. Adjustable load.

[0047] 301. First bevel gear; 302. Second bevel gear; 303. Third bevel gear; 304. Bearing; 305. Gearbox; 308. Inner groove;

[0048] 401. First driving gear; 402. Second driving gear; 403. Third driving gear; 404. First driven gear; 405. Second driven gear; 406. Third driven gear; 407. Controllable pin device;

[0049] 501. Servo motor; 502. Guide wheel; 503. Pin; 504. Guide groove platform; 505. Protruding key; 506. Arc-shaped guide groove. Detailed Implementation

[0050] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, it will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described in this specification. Rather, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the disclosure of the present invention.

[0051] Example 1: As Figure 1-6 As shown, an adaptive sea state multi-degree-of-freedom combined marine energy power generation device is disclosed. The device includes a hemispherical floating shell 105, which is made of corrosion-resistant metal. An eccentric pendulum wave energy power generation system is installed inside the floating shell 105, and wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation are installed on the outside.

[0052] The eccentric pendulum wave energy generation system includes a horizontal eccentric pendulum 209, a reversing mechanism 208, a torque sensor 207, a self-adjusting gear ratio transmission mechanism, an inertial flywheel 205, and a generator 206. A horizontally oriented lower base 201 is installed at the bottom of the floating body shell 105. A gear frame 202 is mounted on the lower base 201. A drive shaft 203 and a driven shaft 204 are vertically mounted between the gear frame 202 and the lower base 201. The inertial flywheel 205 and the generator 206 are vertically mounted on the gear frame 202. The input shaft of the generator 206 is fixedly connected to the inertial flywheel 205. The inertial flywheel 205 is connected to the driven shaft 204 via a one-way bearing. The rotation of the inertial flywheel 205 drives the generator 206 to generate electricity. The top of the drive shaft 203 passes through the gear carrier 202 and extends to the top of the gear carrier 202. It is connected to the reversing mechanism 208 through the torque sensor 207. The reversing mechanism 208 is installed on the top of the gear carrier 202. A horizontal eccentric pendulum 209 is installed on the top of the gear carrier 202 in the horizontal direction. An adjustable load 210 is provided at the end of the pendulum arm. When the float is rocked by the wave, the horizontal eccentric pendulum 209 swings in both directions (clockwise and counterclockwise). However, the generator 206 needs to rotate in one direction to generate electricity stably. Therefore, the direction of motion needs to be changed through the reversing mechanism 208.

[0053] The reversing mechanism 208 includes a first bevel gear 301 and a second bevel gear 302 in the vertical direction and a third bevel gear 303 in the horizontal direction. The third bevel gear 303 is connected to the gearbox 305 via a bearing 304, and the first bevel gear 301 and the second bevel gear 302 are connected to the gearbox 305 in a similar manner. The first bevel gear 301 is connected to the drive shaft 203 via a first one-way bearing, and the second bevel gear 302 is connected to the drive shaft 203 via a second one-way bearing. The first one-way bearing and the second one-way bearing are in the same direction. A horizontal eccentric pendulum 209 is fixedly connected to the first bevel gear 301. When the horizontal eccentric pendulum 209 swings clockwise, the first one-way bearing jams, and the first straight bevel gear 301 jams with the drive shaft 203, driving the drive shaft 203 to rotate clockwise. When it swings counterclockwise, the first one-way bearing does not jam, but the second straight bevel gear 302 rotates clockwise due to the transmission of the third straight bevel gear 303, causing the second one-way bearing to jam, and the second straight bevel gear 302 jams with the drive shaft 203, still driving the drive shaft 203 to rotate clockwise, thus realizing the conversion of the bidirectional motion of the horizontal eccentric pendulum 209 into the unidirectional rotation of the drive shaft 203.

[0054] The self-adjusting gear ratio transmission mechanism has three sets of driving gears mounted on the driving shaft 203 and three corresponding sets of driven gears mounted on the driven shaft 204. The three sets of driving gears mesh with the three sets of driven gears, with gear ratios of 0.513, 1, and 1.318, corresponding to calm, normal, and severe sea states, respectively. The driving gears are all connected to the driving shaft 203 via bearings and have internal grooves 308 for engagement with the pins 503 of the controllable pin device 407. The driven gears are fixedly connected to the driven shaft 204. The self-adjusting gear ratio transmission mechanism switches gear sets via the controllable pin device 407. Specifically, a first drive gear 401, a second drive gear 402, and a third drive gear 403 are installed on the drive shaft 203, and a first driven gear 404, a second driven gear 405, and a third driven gear 406 are installed on the driven shaft 204. The first driven gear 404, the second driven gear 405, and the third driven gear 406 mesh with the aforementioned first drive gear 401, second drive gear 402, and third drive gear 403.

[0055] The controllable pin device 407 is fixedly installed inside the drive shaft 203 and includes: a servo motor 501, a guide wheel 502, a pin 503, and a guide groove platform 504. The servo motor 501 is an angle positioning module with its own control system, suitable for precise angle control. The guide wheel 502 is located above the guide groove platform 504, and the servo motor 501 is located below the guide groove platform 504. The servo motor 501 is directly connected to the guide wheel 502, which is mounted on the output end of the servo motor 501. The guide groove platform 504 has a slot for mounting the pin 503, and the guide wheel 502 has an arc-shaped guide groove 506 for guiding the pin 503 to extend or retract. One end of the arc-shaped guide groove 506 is close to the center of the guide wheel 502, and the other end is away from it. The tail end of the pin 503 has a protruding key 505, which cooperates with the arc-shaped guide groove 506 for installation. The servo motor 501 drives the guide wheel 502 to rotate. Through the engagement of the protruding key 505 at the tail of the pin and the arc-shaped guide groove of the guide wheel 502, the pin 503 is controlled to extend into or retract from the internal reserved groove 308 of the drive gears (401, 402, 403), thereby selecting different gear sets to mesh. When the sea state changes, the torque sensor 207 monitors the torque of the horizontal eccentric pendulum 209 in real time. The controller sends a command to control the corresponding servo motor 501 to start and adjust the position of the pin 503 to achieve adaptive switching of the gear ratio.

[0056] A conical steel frame 103 is welded to the top of the floating body shell 105. A spiral wind turbine 104 is installed inside the conical steel frame 103, with its blades 102 arranged along the vertical axis. The narrow tube structure formed by the steel frame accelerates the wind speed, thereby improving the efficiency of the spiral wind turbine 104 through the wind speed enhancement effect. The outer surface of the conical steel frame 103 is covered with a photovoltaic panel 101. The photovoltaic panel 101 and the spiral wind turbine 104 are electrically connected to the power supply system of the floating body to supply power to the control module and energy storage device. It can supply power to the control system and sensors, and can also provide complementary power to the wave energy power generation system when there is no wind or it is cloudy.

[0057] Working principle: The torque sensor 207 monitors the torque of the horizontal eccentric pendulum 209 in real time, selects the corresponding gear set according to the preset threshold, and switches the working gear set by extending and retracting the pin 503 of the controllable pin device 407 through the servo motor 501, and adjusts the transmission ratio to match the current sea state; the inertial flywheel 205 absorbs the irregular speed fluctuations of the driven shaft 204 to ensure the stable operation of the generator 206, and achieves energy complementarity through the wind-solar-wave combined power generation system, thereby improving the overall power supply stability.

[0058] This embodiment also discloses a control method, including the following steps:

[0059] (1) Anchor the device to the sea surface, the waves drive the float to pitch, the horizontal eccentric pendulum 209 drives the active shaft 203 to swing in both directions, and converts it into unidirectional rotation through the reversing mechanism 208;

[0060] (2) The torque sensor 207 detects the torque of the horizontal eccentric pendulum 209 in real time. The controller selects the gear set according to the preset threshold (0.513 for calm sea state, 1 for normal sea state, and 1.318 for severe sea state) and drives the rudder motor 501 to switch the position of the pin 503. The gear ratio of the working transmission gear set on the drive shaft 203 and the driven shaft 204 is automatically adjusted to change the resistance when the pendulum moves, so that the pendulum movement and the floating body movement can resonate. It takes into account the low torque and high efficiency transmission under calm sea state and the overload protection under severe sea state, and can more effectively utilize the wave energy under different sea states to improve the power generation efficiency under all sea states.

[0061] (3) The drive shaft 203 drives the driven shaft 204 through the selected gear set, and the inertial flywheel 205 absorbs speed fluctuations to ensure that the generator 206 outputs stable electrical energy;

[0062] (4) The spiral wind power generation 104 inside the conical steel frame 103 generates electricity using the narrow tube effect. The photovoltaic panel 101 converts light energy into electrical energy, which is stored in the energy storage device in a complementary manner with wave energy.

[0063] In this embodiment, the Ansys-AQWA and Wec-sim numerical simulation software are used to optimize the combination of pendulum mass and PTO to obtain the optimal pendulum mass and PTO damping. The mass of the horizontal eccentric pendulum 209 is 1300 kg, and the damping coefficient matched with that of the generator 206 is 1900 Nsm / rad.

[0064] PTO optimization was performed in calm, normal, and severe sea states, and the appropriate transmission gear ratios for each sea state were designed based on this optimization, as shown in Table 1. Significant wave height is defined as the average value of the first third of the observed wave heights arranged by magnitude, also known as significant wave height. In marine engineering, significant wave height is widely used to assess ship rolling conditions, coastal structural damage risks, and the intensity of extreme sea states.

[0065] Table 1 Sea State and Gear Ratio Design Table

[0066]

[0067] Using Ansys-AQWA and Wec-sim numerical simulation software, the instantaneous power generation at the appropriate gear ratio for each sea state was calculated. Figure 7-9 The average power generation under three sea states was calculated to be 498.94 W, 3518.30 W, and 7056.96 W. This application utilizes a self-adjusting gear ratio system to match the wave frequency in real time, increasing the capture width ratio to 0.213 (compared to approximately 0.15-0.18 for traditional pendulum devices), significantly improving wave energy utilization. The average power generation of this application is approximately 3735 W. If the device operates with a single gear ratio i=1 under normal sea states, the average power generation under calm and severe sea states is calculated to be 23.34 W and 1328.45 W, respectively.

[0068] The wind-solar-wave power supply system proposed in this application can still operate stably in cloudy or windless weather, improving the overall energy utilization rate by more than 35%. By smoothing mechanical fluctuations through an inertial flywheel mechanism, the instantaneous power fluctuation range of power generation is reduced to 1.7-5kW (compared to 0-15kW for traditional devices), and the stability of power supply is improved by 40%.

[0069] The device tested in the Yellow and Bohai Seas achieved an average power generation efficiency of 0.23, which is 13.25% higher than that of traditional single-gear ratio devices. This application utilizes multi-degree-of-freedom wave energy capture, adaptive gear ratio adjustment, and wind-solar-wave complementary power supply, resulting in high power generation efficiency, high comprehensive energy utilization, and high power generation stability. It is suitable for scenarios such as island power supply and marine monitoring platforms.

[0070] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

Claims

1. A multi-degree of freedom combined ocean energy power plant that is adaptive to sea conditions, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a self-adapting sea condition's multi-degree-of-freedom combined ocean energy power generation device, which comprises a floating body seat, a driving shaft (203) and a driven shaft (204) installed in the floating body seat in a vertical direction, a wave energy power generation device placed in the floating body seat, a self-adjusting gear ratio system placed in the floating body seat, a torque sensor (207) installed on the driving shaft (203), and a controllable bolt device (407) fixedly installed in the driving shaft (203). The wave energy power generation device comprises a wave energy input mechanism, a reversing mechanism (208) and an electric energy conversion end mechanism. The wave energy input mechanism and the reversing mechanism (208) are installed on the driving shaft (203), and the electric energy conversion end mechanism is installed on the driven shaft (204). The wave energy input mechanism inputs unidirectional rotation to the electric energy conversion end mechanism under the action of the reversing mechanism (208). The self-adjusting gear ratio system comprises variable gear sets. Each gear set is provided with a driving wheel and a driven wheel in meshing. The gear ratios of the gear sets are different. The driving wheels of each gear set are respectively installed on the driving shaft (203) through bearings. An inner groove (308) is formed in each driving wheel. The driven wheels of each gear set are fixedly installed on the driven shaft (204). The torque sensor (207) is installed on the driving shaft (203).

2. The adaptive sea conditions multi-degree of freedom combined ocean energy power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controllable bolt device (407) is provided with a bolt (503) matched with the inner groove (308).

3. The adaptive sea conditions multi-degree of freedom combined ocean energy power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controllable bolt device (407) controls the bolt (503) to extend into or exit the inner groove (308) according to the torque measured by the torque sensor (207) to switch the gear sets to adapt to different sea conditions.

4. The adaptive sea conditions multi-degree of freedom combined ocean energy power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that, A key (505) is arranged at the tail end of the bolt (503).

5. The adaptive sea conditions multi-degree of freedom combined ocean energy power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controllable bolt device (407) further comprises a steering wheel (501), a guide rail wheel (502) and a guide groove platform (504). The guide rail wheel (502) is located above the guide groove platform (504), and the steering wheel (501) is located below the guide groove platform (504). The guide rail wheel (502) is installed on the output end of the steering wheel (501). A groove for installing the bolt (503) is formed in the guide groove platform (504). An arc-shaped guide groove (506) for guiding the extension or exit of the bolt (503) is formed in the guide rail wheel (502). The arc-shaped guide groove (506) is centrally symmetrically distributed on the plane of the guide rail wheel (502). The controllable bolt device (407) is correspondingly arranged at the driving wheel of each gear set. The variable gear sets are provided with three gears with gear ratios of 0.513, 1 and 1.318, which correspond to calm, normal and severe sea conditions, respectively. The controllable bolt device (407) is uniformly provided with four bolts (503) in the circumferential direction.

6. The self-adapting sea condition's multi-degree-of-freedom combined ocean energy power generation device according to claim 1, wherein The reversing mechanism comprises: a first straight bevel gear (301) and a second straight bevel gear (302) in the vertical direction, a third straight bevel gear (303) in the horizontal direction, the first straight bevel gear (301) is connected with the driving shaft (203) through a first one-way bearing, the second straight bevel gear (302) is connected with the driving shaft (203) through a second one-way bearing, and the first one-way bearing and the second one-way bearing are in the same direction, and the third straight bevel gear (303) is in meshing transmission with the first straight bevel gear (301) and the second straight bevel gear (302) respectively; The wave energy input mechanism comprises: an adjustable load (210) and a horizontal eccentric pendulum (209); the horizontal eccentric pendulum (209) is fixedly connected with the first straight bevel gear (301), and the adjustable load (210) is arranged at the end of the swing arm of the horizontal eccentric pendulum (209); The electric energy conversion end mechanism comprises: an inertial flywheel (205) and a generator (206), the input shaft of the generator (206) is fixedly connected with the inertial flywheel (205), and the inertial flywheel (205) is connected with the driven shaft (204) through a one-way bearing.

7. The adaptive sea conditions multi-degree of freedom combined ocean energy power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the floating body seat is welded with a conical steel frame (103), a spiral wind turbine (104) is arranged in the conical steel frame (103), and the fan blades (102) of the spiral wind turbine (104) are arranged along the vertical shaft; The conical steel frame (103) is externally provided with a photovoltaic panel (101).

8. A control method characterized by, The control method is used for controlling the adaptive sea state multi-degree-of-freedom combined ocean energy power generation device, and comprises the following steps: S1, anchoring the device on the sea surface, the wave-driven floating body seat is rolled, and the wave energy input mechanism inputs unidirectional rotation to the electric energy conversion end mechanism under the action of the reversing mechanism (208); S2, the torque sensor (207) detects the torque at the wave energy input mechanism in real time, selects a gear set according to a preset threshold value, drives the controllable bolt device (407) to control the bolt (503) to extend into or exit the inner groove (308), and switches the gear set to adapt to different sea states; S3, the driving shaft (203) drives the driven shaft (204) through the selected gear set, the electric energy conversion end mechanism absorbs the speed fluctuation and outputs stable electric energy.

9. The control method according to claim 8, characterized by Further comprising: The wind power generation and photovoltaic power generation complementary to the wave energy generation are connected with the power supply system of the floating body, and are used for supplying power to the control module and the energy storage device.

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