Bandwidth-controllable double-frequency circular microstrip patch antenna

Abstract

The invention relates to a bandwidth-controllable double-frequency circular microstrip patch antenna, which comprises a dielectric substrate with a low dielectric constant and low loss, a grounding plate covering a metal layer on the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate, and a circular metal main radiation patch arranged at the circle center position of the top surface of the dielectric substrate, a first group of parasitic patches and a second group of parasitic patches are arranged around the periphery of the main radiation patch; the feed structure adopts a coaxial probe for feeding; the radius of the main radiation patch resonates in a TM11 mode and a TM01 mode at the same time and corresponds to a first frequency band and a second frequency band respectively. According to the invention, the TM11 and TM01 modes of the circular patch are ingeniously excited through a single feed point, dual-band work is realized, omnidirectional coverage is provided, and the requirements of communication between the unmanned aerial vehicle and a ground station in different directions are met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of auxiliary installation of building electrical cable laying, and particularly relates to a support platform for quickly laying signal cables. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of unmanned aerial vehicle technology, its application in civilian and military fields is increasingly widespread, such as aerial photography, search and rescue, agricultural monitoring, logistics transportation, etc. Unmanned aerial vehicles usually need to be equipped with wireless communication modules to realize real-time data transmission with ground stations, and the antenna is a key component of the communication link. For unmanned aerial vehicle applications, antenna design faces many challenges, including the need for lightweight to reduce additional load, thinness to achieve conformal integration with the surface of the unmanned aerial vehicle, reduced sensitivity to changes in the material of the unmanned aerial vehicle body, and bandwidth and gain with performance requirements to meet the demand for high-speed data transmission.

[0003] The common antenna types currently applied to unmanned aerial vehicles include knife-shaped antennas, cavity-backed slot antennas, printed dipole / monopole antennas, etc. However, these antennas often have difficulties when integrated into the unmanned aerial vehicle platform, and may require additional aerodynamic shells or support structures. Microstrip patch antennas are an ideal choice for unmanned aerial vehicle applications because they have a ground plate that can effectively reduce the impact of the background on the performance of the antenna and are easy to conformally integrate. However, the bandwidth of traditional microstrip patch antennas is usually narrow and fixed when designed on a thin dielectric substrate, and the working bandwidth of the antenna cannot be adjusted in a small range according to specific requirements, making it difficult to meet the needs of modern unmanned aerial vehicle communication.

[0004] In the prior art, methods for improving the bandwidth of microstrip antennas include using short-circuit patches with thick air substrates, stacked patches, parasitic coupled patches, and loading chip resistors. Among them, the parasitic coupled patch technology has advantages in realizing thinness and wide bandwidth of the antenna because it is suitable for thin substrate design and does not introduce significant ohmic loss. However, existing parasitic patch-based solutions focus on bandwidth improvement for single frequency bands or single radiation patterns, making it difficult to meet the requirements of unmanned aerial vehicles for simultaneous operation of dual frequency bands and bandwidth regulation at different frequency bands.

[0005] Therefore, it is one of the important problems to be solved to research a dual-frequency prototype microstrip patch antenna with controllable bandwidth. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the above problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present application is a dual-mode dual-frequency circular microstrip patch antenna suitable for unmanned aerial vehicle platforms. By simultaneously exciting the TM 11 and TM 01Two modes, respectively work in the first frequency band and the second frequency band, and utilize the parasitic patch arranged around the main radiation patch to regulate the bandwidth of the two frequency bands, while maintaining high gain and thin characteristics, facilitating seamless integration with the unmanned aerial vehicle platform.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the application adopts the following technical scheme: a bandwidth-controllable dual-frequency circular microstrip patch antenna, comprising a dielectric substrate with low dielectric constant and low loss, a ground plate covering the metal layer on the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate, a circular metal main radiation patch arranged at the center of the top surface of the dielectric substrate, a first group of parasitic patches and a second group of parasitic patches arranged around the periphery of the main radiation patch; the feed structure adopts coaxial probe feed.

[0008] The radius of the main radiation patch resonates in TM11 mode and TM01 mode at the same time, corresponding to the first frequency band and the second frequency band respectively.

[0009] Further, the feed structure adopts coaxial probe feed, and the feed point is located on the main radiation patch, which can simultaneously excite TM11 and TM01 modes.

[0010] Further, the first group of parasitic patches includes a first group of left parasitic patches and a first group of right parasitic patches, which are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the main radiation patch.

[0011] Further, the first group of parasitic patches is composed of one or more circular metal patches, the patch radius maintains a first radius, and the first radius maintains a first gap with the edge of the main radiation patch, and the first radius and the first gap are used to couple and regulate the bandwidth of the TM11 mode (the first frequency band).

[0012] Further, the second group of parasitic patches includes a second group of upper parasitic patches and a second group of lower parasitic patches, which are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the main radiation patch.

[0013] Further, the second group of parasitic patches is composed of one or more circular metal patches, the patch radius maintains a second radius, and the second radius maintains a second gap with the edge of the main radiation patch, and the second radius and the second gap are used to couple and regulate the bandwidth of the TM01 mode (the second frequency band).

[0014] Working Principle: This application provides a bandwidth-controllable dual-band circular microstrip patch antenna, comprising a dielectric substrate with low dielectric constant and low loss, a ground plane covering a metal layer on the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate, and a circular metal main radiating patch at the center of the top surface of the dielectric substrate. A first group of parasitic patches and a second group of parasitic patches are arranged around the periphery of the main radiating patch. The first group of parasitic patches includes a first group of left parasitic patches and a first group of right parasitic patches, symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the main radiating patch. The second group of parasitic patches includes a second group of upper parasitic patches and a second group of lower parasitic patches, symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the main radiating patch. The bandwidth of the two operating frequency bands is controlled by utilizing the radii of the two groups of parasitic patches and their gaps with the main radiating patch. The feeding structure uses coaxial probe feeding. The radius of the main radiating patch resonates simultaneously in TM11 mode and TM01 mode, corresponding to the first and second frequency bands, respectively.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] (1) Dual-band dual-mode operation: This application cleverly excites the TM11 and TM01 modes of the circular patch through a single feed point to achieve dual-band operation, provide omnidirectional coverage, and meet the communication needs of UAV and ground station in different directions.

[0017] (2) Controllable bandwidth: This application utilizes the radius of the two sets of parasitic patches and their gap with the main radiating patch to adjust the bandwidth of the two working frequency bands respectively. Compared with the reference antenna without parasitic patches, the antenna of this invention can achieve controllable bandwidth.

[0018] (3) Thin and lightweight: This application uses a thin dielectric substrate, which makes the overall structure thin and light, reducing the load weight of the UAV and helping to extend the flight time.

[0019] (4) Easy to integrate: This application has a complete ground plane, which can effectively isolate the influence of the UAV fuselage and improve the robustness of antenna performance to changes in fuselage material. It is easy to integrate as a general solution into the surface of UAV wings or fuselage of different materials without the need for additional protruding structures, achieving "plug and play". Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bandwidth-controllable dual-frequency circular microstrip patch antenna according to the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A bottom view of the bandwidth-controllable dual-frequency circular microstrip patch antenna;

[0022] Figure 3 yes Figure 1Top view of the bandwidth-controllable dual-frequency circular microstrip patch antenna;

[0023] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Side view of the bandwidth-controllable dual-frequency circular microstrip patch antenna;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a diagram illustrating the effect of the radius of the parasitic patch on the return loss curve in a simulation of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a diagram illustrating the effect of the gap of the parasitic patch on the return loss curve in a simulation of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1. Dielectric substrate, 2. Ground plane, 3. Main radiating patch, 4. First group of left parasitic patches, 5. First group of right parasitic patches, 6. Second group of upper parasitic patches, 7. Second group of lower parasitic patches, 8. Coaxial probe. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a bandwidth-controllable dual-band circular microstrip patch antenna includes a dielectric substrate 1 with low dielectric constant and low loss, a ground plane 2 covering a complete metal layer on the bottom surface of the dielectric substrate 1, and a circular metal main radiating patch 3 located on the top surface of the dielectric substrate 1, with the main radiating patch 3 located at the center of the circle; a first group of parasitic patches and a second group of parasitic patches are arranged on the top surface of the dielectric substrate 1 and around the periphery of the main radiating patch 3, and the feeding structure is a coaxial probe 8.

[0030] The radius of the main radiating patch 3 is designed so that it can resonate simultaneously in TM11 mode and TM01 mode, corresponding to the first frequency band and the second frequency band, respectively.

[0031] In some embodiments, the feeding structure uses a coaxial probe 8 for feeding, with the feeding point located on the main radiating patch 3. The position of the probe 8 is optimized to achieve effective simultaneous excitation of both TM11 and TM01 modes. In some preferred embodiments, a hole can be made in the dielectric substrate 1, and a 50-ohm coaxial line can be used for direct feeding. The inner conductor of the coaxial line, i.e., the coaxial probe 8, is connected to the main radiating patch 3, and the outer conductor is connected to the ground plane 2.

[0032] The first group of parasitic patches consists of one or more circular metal patches. In some preferred embodiments, the first group of parasitic patches includes a first group of left parasitic patches 4 and a first group of right parasitic patches 5, which are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the main radiating patch 3. The patch radius maintains a first radius, and it maintains a first gap with the edge of the main radiating patch 3. The first radius and the first gap are used to couple and control the bandwidth of the TM11 mode (first frequency band).

[0033] The second group of parasitic patches consists of one or more circular metal patches. In some preferred embodiments, the second group of parasitic patches includes a second upper parasitic patch 6 and a second lower parasitic patch 7, which are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the main radiating patch 3. The bandwidth of the two operating frequency bands is controlled by using the radii of the two groups of parasitic patches and their gaps with the main radiating patch 3. The patch radius maintains a second radius, and it maintains a second gap with the edge of the main radiating patch 3. The second radius and the second gap are used to couple and control the bandwidth of the TM01 mode (second frequency band).

[0034] In specific implementation, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 The diagram shows the dimensions of a bandwidth-controllable dual-band circular microstrip patch antenna provided in this application from top and side views. All dimensions in the diagram are in millimeters (mm). The dielectric substrate 1 has a radius of r = 76 mm and a thickness of h = 1.57 mm. It uses a Rogers 5880 flexible substrate with a relative permittivity εᵣ = 2.2 and a loss tangent tan δ = 0.0009. The main radiating patch 3 has a radius of r1 = 23 mm, and the coaxial probe 8 is 9.3 mm away from the center of the main radiating patch 3. The first group of parasitic patches 4 and 5 has a radius of r2 (the first radius) and a gap of g1 (the first gap) with the main radiating patch 3. The second group of parasitic patches 6 and 7 has a radius of r3 (the second radius) and a gap of g2 (the second gap) with the main radiating patch 3.

[0035] To verify the effectiveness of the present invention, graphs showing the effect of the parasitic patch radius on the return loss curve and the effect of the gap between the parasitic patch and the main radiating patch on the return loss curve are provided, as follows: Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown.

[0036] from Figure 5It can be seen that when the first radius r2 = 20mm and the second radius r3 = 8mm, the -10dB bandwidth of the first frequency band is 2.481GHz~2.515GHz, and the -10dB bandwidth of the second frequency band is 5.037GHz~5.175GHz, i.e., the operating bandwidths are 34MHz and 138MHz, respectively. When the first radius r2 = 22mm and the second radius r3 = 10mm, the -10dB bandwidth of the first frequency band is 2.468GHz~2.544GHz, and the -10dB bandwidth of the second frequency band is 5.033GHz~5.197GHz, i.e., the operating bandwidths are 76MHz and 164MHz, respectively. The operating bandwidths of the first and second frequency bands have increased by 42MHz and 26MHz, respectively. Therefore, it can be concluded that when the first radius r2 and the second radius r3 change, the operating bandwidth of the antenna changes accordingly, achieving bandwidth controllability.

[0037] In this embodiment, the first gap g1 = 1.1 mm and the second gap g2 = 0.16 mm are kept unchanged.

[0038] from Figure 6 It can be seen that when the first gap g1 = 2mm and the second gap g2 = 1mm, the -10dB bandwidth of the first frequency band is 2.475GHz~2.532GHz, and the -10dB bandwidth of the second frequency band is 5.046GHz~5.215GHz, that is, the operating bandwidths are 57MHz and 169MHz respectively; when the first gap g1 = 1mm and the second gap g2 = 0.1mm, the -10dB bandwidth of the first frequency band is 2.469GHz~2.553GHz, and the -10dB bandwidth of the second frequency band is 5.033GHz~5.197GHz, that is, the operating bandwidths are 84MHz and 164MHz respectively. The operating bandwidth of the first frequency band increases by 27MHz, and the operating bandwidth of the second frequency band decreases by 5MHz.

[0039] Therefore, it can be concluded that when the first gap g1 and the second gap g2 change, the operating bandwidth of the antenna changes accordingly, thus achieving bandwidth controllability. In this embodiment, the first radius r2 = 22mm and the second radius r3 = 10mm are kept constant.

[0040] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the antenna of the present invention realizes the function of controlling the bandwidth of two frequency bands by using parasitic patches arranged around the main radiating patch, while maintaining high gain and thinness, which facilitates seamless integration with UAV platforms and meets the UAV's requirement for simultaneous operation of dual frequency bands.

[0041] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the embodiments described above. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0043] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A bandwidth-controllable dual-frequency circular microstrip patch antenna, characterized in that, It includes a dielectric substrate (1) with low dielectric constant and low loss, a ground plane (2) covering the bottom metal layer of the dielectric substrate (1), a circular metal main radiating patch (3) at the center of the top surface of the dielectric substrate (1), and a first group of parasitic patches and a second group of parasitic patches arranged around the periphery of the main radiating patch (3). The power supply structure uses a coaxial probe (8) for power supply; The radius of the main radiating patch (3) resonates simultaneously in TM11 mode and TM01 mode, corresponding to the first frequency band and the second frequency band, respectively.

2. The bandwidth-controllable dual-band circular microstrip patch antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding structure is fed by a coaxial probe (8), and the feeding point is located on the main radiating patch (3). The feeding point can be excited simultaneously in two modes: TM11 and TM01.

3. The dual-band circular microstrip patch antenna with vacant bandwidth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first group of parasitic patches includes a first group of left parasitic patches (4) and a first group of right parasitic patches (5). The first group of left parasitic patches (4) and the first group of right parasitic patches (5) are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the main radiating patch (3).

4. The bandwidth-controllable dual-frequency circular microstrip patch antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first group of parasitic patches consists of one or more circular metal patches with a first radius and a first gap between them and the edge of the main radiating patch (3). The first radius and the first gap are used to couple and regulate the bandwidth of the TM11 mode.

5. A bandwidth-controllable dual-frequency circular microstrip patch antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second group of parasitic patches includes a second group of upper parasitic patches (6) and a second group of lower parasitic patches (7). The second group of upper parasitic patches (6) and the second group of lower parasitic patches (7) are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the main radiating patch (3).

6. The bandwidth-controllable dual-band circular microstrip patch antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second group of parasitic patches consists of one or more circular metal patches with a second radius and a second gap between them and the edge of the main radiating patch (3). The second radius and the second gap are used to couple and regulate the bandwidth of the TM01 mode (second frequency band).

Images