Hydraulic plugging and fracturing integrated equipment for coal mine roof

Abstract

The invention provides hydraulic plugging and fracturing integrated equipment for a coal mine roof, and belongs to the technical field of roof hydraulic fracturing. Comprising a power device, a connecting frame is fixedly installed at the bottom of the power device, a conveying pipe is fixedly installed in the connecting frame, a power adjusting mechanism is fixedly installed at the bottom of the conveying pipe, and a piston assembly of the power adjusting mechanism and an independent water supply path of a high-pressure water spraying mechanism are arranged; in the using process, expansion of the sealing bag is driven by pressure of fluid filled in the piston cylinder, high-pressure sprayed water forms an independent water flow channel through an external water pipe, a conveying pipe and a conveying thin pipe, and power sources and transmission paths of the two are completely separated. The pressure generated by high-pressure water spraying cannot act on the sealing bag, and the problem that in the prior art, the sealing performance is affected due to the fact that a sealing structure and high-pressure water spraying share the same water injection pipe is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydraulic fracturing technology for roofs, and more specifically, to an integrated hydraulic sealing and fracturing device for coal mine roofs. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, in actual coal mining operations, some working faces have problems such as large roof overhangs and concentrated and intense mine pressure manifestations. This not only poses a great threat to the longwall face but may also induce large structural instability and trigger disasters such as rock bursts, seriously threatening the safe mining of coal seams.

[0003] In existing technologies, the treatment of roof coal and rock masses can be roughly divided into two categories. One is to achieve pressure relief by blasting to destroy the integrity of the roof structure. However, this method cannot be implemented in high-gas mines because the sparks generated by blasting can easily trigger gas explosions, posing a fatal safety hazard and significantly limiting its applicability. The other is to achieve pressure relief by high-pressure water injection to destroy the integrity of the roof structure. However, this method has many problems: after drilling to the roof at the predetermined depth, the drill bit needs to be manually replaced to open the wedge groove. This process requires frequent drilling stops and drill changes, interrupting the operation and extending the treatment time for each hole. After the groove is opened, the high-pressure water injection equipment needs to be replaced, and additional sealing devices must be equipped to seal the holes. Sealing operations often require multiple people to work together, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. At the same time, the sealing effect is unstable and prone to water leakage, resulting in insufficient water pressure and failure to effectively destroy the roof structure. This leads to a large deviation between the actual pressure relief effect and the expected result. The overall process is cumbersome, labor-intensive, and seriously affects mining efficiency.

[0004] The integrated device and method for hydraulic automatic sealing and fracturing of coal mine roof disclosed in Chinese Patent No. CN116201545A, although attempting to solve the above problems, has significant defects in application: the annular high-pressure water outlet, water injection pipe, annular large water outlet, and high-polymer pressure-resistant and wear-resistant flexible material share the same water injection pipe for water supply. When the high-polymer pressure-resistant and wear-resistant flexible material expands to completely seal the borehole, continuous water injection will cause the pressure in the bottom sealing space to rise sharply, and there is no effective way to discharge this pressure. The high-intensity water pressure will back-pressure the expanded high-polymer pressure-resistant and wear-resistant flexible material, resulting in a decrease in its sealing performance or even the appearance of gaps. At the same time, when not drilling, the bottom annular high-pressure water outlet lacks a sealing structure. During the drilling process, since no high-pressure water source is introduced, the mud and sand generated can easily enter the hollow pipe through the annular high-pressure water outlet, causing internal blockage or pollution, which in turn affects the jet pressure and range of the high-pressure water flow and reduces the cutting and crushing effect on the coal and rock mass. In addition, the bottom drill bit needs to rotate at high speed to perform drilling operations, but there is no stable sealing and transmission structure between the water supply pipe and the rotating drill bit. This can easily lead to problems such as water leakage and pressure loss during rotation, which not only affects the continuity of water supply, but also increases equipment wear due to mutual interference between the pipe and the drill bit, reducing the service life and operational stability of the device. The overall application has obvious shortcomings and urgently needs improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an integrated hydraulic sealing and fracturing device for coal mine roofs to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution.

[0007] An integrated hydraulic sealing and fracturing device for coal mine roof includes a power unit, a connecting frame fixedly installed at the bottom of the power unit, a conveying pipe fixedly installed inside the connecting frame, a power adjustment mechanism fixedly installed at the bottom of the conveying pipe, a sealing mechanism fixedly installed at the bottom of the power adjustment mechanism, a high-pressure water spraying mechanism fixedly installed at the bottom of the sealing mechanism, and a drilling module fixedly installed at the bottom of the high-pressure water spraying mechanism.

[0008] The power adjustment mechanism includes a fixed plate, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the conveying pipe. Conveying thin tubes are fixedly installed in a ring at equal intervals on the outer side of the bottom of the fixed plate. A rail frame is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixed plate. A drive assembly is provided inside the rail frame. A piston assembly is provided at the bottom of the rail frame. The bottom of the piston assembly is connected to the input end of the sealing mechanism.

[0009] Optionally, the drive assembly includes a drive motor, which is fixedly mounted on the top of the rail frame. A lead screw is fixedly mounted on the output end of the drive motor. The lead screw is rotatably connected to the inside of the rail frame. A slider is threaded onto the outer surface of the lead screw. The slider has a hexagonal shape in both its top view and the internal cross-sectional shape of the rail frame. The slider is slidably connected to the inside of the rail frame. A connecting frame is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the slider. The bottom of the connecting frame is connected to the top of the piston assembly.

[0010] Optionally, the piston assembly includes a mounting plate, which is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the rail frame. The bottom of the mounting plate is connected to the top of the sealing mechanism. A piston cylinder is fixedly mounted on the inner center of the mounting plate. A piston plate is slidably connected inside the piston cylinder. The top of the piston plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting frame. The piston plate is movably connected to the inner side of the piston cylinder. The bottom output end of the piston cylinder is connected to the sealing mechanism.

[0011] Optionally, the sealing mechanism includes a support frame, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the piston cylinder. The bottom of the support frame is fixedly connected to the top of the high-pressure water spray mechanism. A sealing bladder is fixedly installed on the outside of the support frame. The sealing bladder is made of a high-polymer pressure-resistant and wear-resistant flexible material. The piston cylinder is filled with a filling fluid between the piston plate and the top of the piston cylinder. The filling fluid includes silicone oil, mineral oil, and fluorinated liquid. A connecting pipe is fixedly connected at equal intervals at the bottom of the piston cylinder. The outer end of the connecting pipe is connected to the inside of the sealing bladder.

[0012] Optionally, the high-pressure water spraying mechanism includes a water spraying pipe and a connecting rod. The water spraying pipe is fixedly installed at the bottom of the support frame. The top of the water spraying pipe is connected to the output end of the conveying thin pipe. High-pressure water spraying holes are evenly spaced on the upper surface of the outer surface of the water spraying pipe. The connecting rod is slidably connected to the inside of the water spraying pipe. The top of the connecting rod passes through the support frame and the piston cylinder and is connected to the bottom of the piston plate. A sealing plug is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting rod. The outer wall of the sealing plug is fitted to the inner side of each high-pressure water spraying hole.

[0013] Optionally, the top of the fixed plate is fixedly installed with support plates arranged in a ring at equal intervals, and the bottom of the support plates is fixedly connected to the bottom of the power device.

[0014] Optionally, the drilling module includes a mounting base, which is fixedly installed on the bottom of the water spray pipe. The bottom of the mounting base has a mounting groove, and a mounting block is inserted into the mounting groove. The mounting block is installed on the inner side of the mounting groove by bolts, and a drill bit is fixedly installed on the bottom of the mounting block.

[0015] Optionally, the power unit includes a base plate, a turntable rotatably connected to the front end of the base plate, the bottom of the turntable being fixedly connected to the connecting frame and the top of the support plate, an external water pipe being fixedly installed on the top of the turntable, the bottom of the external water pipe penetrating the base plate and the connecting frame, the bottom of the external water pipe being connected to a delivery pipe, a rotary connector being fixedly installed on the top of the external water pipe, a connecting flange being fixedly connected to the top of the rotary connector, and a transmission assembly being movably installed on the rear top of the base plate.

[0016] Optionally, the transmission assembly includes a driving gear, a driven gear ring, and a transmission pulley. The transmission pulley is rotatably connected to the top rear end of the base plate. The driven gear ring is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the external water pipe. The driving gear is fixedly installed on the top of the transmission pulley. The driving gear and the driven gear ring are meshed together.

[0017] Optionally, mounting side plates are fixedly installed on the middle of both sides of the base plate, and mounting holes are provided on the upper outer side of the mounting side plates, which are countersunk holes.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution provided by this invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0019] In the above solution, by setting independent water supply paths for the piston assembly of the power adjustment mechanism and the high-pressure water spraying mechanism, the expansion of the sealing bladder during use is powered by the filling fluid inside the piston cylinder. The drive motor of the piston assembly drives the screw, slider, piston plate, and other components to operate, transmitting the fluid pressure to the sealing bladder. Meanwhile, the high-pressure water spraying mechanism forms an independent water flow channel through an external water pipe, a delivery pipe, and a delivery thin pipe on a fixed plate. The high-pressure water reaches the high-pressure water spray hole of the spray pipe directly through this path. The power sources and transmission paths of the two are completely separated, and they will not interfere with each other. Thus, after the sealing bladder expands to form a sealed space, the pressure generated by the high-pressure water spraying will only act on the coal and rock mass and will not back-press the sealing bladder, ensuring a stable and reliable sealing state. This solves the problem in the prior art where the sealing structure and the high-pressure water spraying share the same water injection pipe, which affects the sealing performance.

[0020] By setting up a linkage structure between the sealing plug and the connecting rod, during the drilling stage, the connecting rod is in a high position with the piston plate, and the sealing plug tightly covers the inside of the high-pressure water jet hole of the water spray pipe, completely sealing the high-pressure water jet hole. The mud, sand, and debris generated during drilling cannot enter the water spray pipe and the conveying tube through the high-pressure water jet hole. When entering the high-pressure water spraying operation stage, the connecting rod moves down synchronously with the piston plate, and the sealing plug gradually detaches from the high-pressure water jet hole, no longer forming a blockage. The external high-pressure water can be smoothly sprayed out from the high-pressure water jet hole to cut and crush the coal and rock mass in the sealed space. This achieves the goal of effectively protecting the internal structure of the equipment and avoiding blockage that affects subsequent operations, while ensuring the normal spraying of high-pressure water and ensuring the fracturing and pressure relief effect. It solves the problem that mud and sand can easily enter the equipment through the high-pressure water jet hole during drilling.

[0021] By installing a rotating connector at the top of the external water pipe in the water supply system, when the external water pipe needs to rotate with the structure below to drive the drill bit during use, the rotating connector can maintain a stable connection with the external water supply system while allowing the external water pipe to rotate freely without twisting or breaking due to rotation, ensuring the continuity of water supply. During the drill bit's rotation and drilling process, the external water pipe can rotate synchronously without leakage. High-pressure water can be continuously delivered to the spray pipe through the external water pipe, delivery pipe, and other paths, thereby achieving coordinated operation of drill bit rotation and high-pressure water delivery. This avoids wear, leakage, and pressure loss caused by mutual interference between the pipe body and rotating components, ensuring stable water supply pressure, ensuring the high-pressure water spraying effect, and extending the service life of the equipment. This solves the problem of difficulty in coordinating drill bit rotation and the water supply system in existing technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated herein and form part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the specification, further serve to explain the principles of the invention and enable those skilled in the art to practice and use the invention.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure viewed from below in this invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a top view of the structure in this invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the split state structure in this invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the high-pressure water spray mechanism and piston assembly in this invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the high-pressure water spray mechanism and piston assembly in this invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the power unit structure in this invention;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the sealing bladder in this invention.

[0031] [Figure Labels]

[0032] 1. Power unit; 11. Base plate; 12. Turntable; 13. External water pipe; 14. Rotary connector; 15. Connecting flange;

[0033] 16. Transmission assembly; 161. Drive gear; 162. Driven gear ring; 163. Transmission pulley; 164. Mounting side plate; 165. Mounting hole;

[0034] 2. Connecting frame; 3. Conveying pipe;

[0035] 4. Power adjustment mechanism; 41. Fixed plate; 42. Conveying tube; 43. Rail frame;

[0036] 44. Drive assembly; 441. Drive motor; 442. Lead screw; 443. Slider; 444. Connecting frame;

[0037] 45. Piston assembly; 451. Mounting plate; 452. Piston cylinder; 453. Piston plate;

[0038] 5. Sealing mechanism; 51. Support frame; 52. Sealing bladder; 53. Connecting pipe;

[0039] 6. High-pressure water spray mechanism; 61. Water spray pipe; 62. Connecting rod; 63. High-pressure water spray hole; 64. Sealing plug;

[0040] 7. Drilling module; 71. Mounting base; 72. Mounting slot; 73. Mounting block; 74. Drill bit;

[0041] 8. Support board.

[0042] As shown in the figure, specific structures and devices are marked in the figure to clearly illustrate the structure of the embodiments of the present invention. However, this is only for illustrative purposes and is not intended to limit the present invention to this specific structure, device and environment. Those skilled in the art can adjust or modify these devices and environments according to specific needs. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should also be noted that, to make the embodiments more comprehensive, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art can use other alternative methods to implement some well-known technologies; moreover, the accompanying drawings are only for more specific description of the embodiments and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.

[0044] It should be noted that the use of terms such as "an embodiment," "an embodiment," "an exemplary embodiment," and "some embodiments" in the specification indicates that the described embodiment may include a specific feature, structure, or characteristic, but not every embodiment necessarily includes that specific feature, structure, or characteristic. Furthermore, when a specific feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with an embodiment, implementing such a feature, structure, or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments (whether explicitly described or not) should be within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.

[0045] Generally, terms can be understood at least partly from their use in context. For example, depending at least partly on the context, the term "one or more" as used herein can be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in a singular sense, or a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in a plural sense. Additionally, the term "based on" can be understood not necessarily to convey an exclusive set of factors, but rather, alternatively, depending at least partly on the context, to allow for the presence of other factors that are not necessarily explicitly described.

[0046] It is understood that the meanings of “on”, “above”, and “above” in this invention should be interpreted in the broadest manner, such that “on” means not only “directly on” something, but also includes the meaning of being “on” something with an intervening feature or layer, and that “above” or “above” means not only “on” something, but also includes the meaning of being “on” something without an intervening feature or layer.

[0047] Furthermore, spatially related terms such as “below,” “under,” “lower,” “above,” and “upper” are used herein for convenience to describe the relationship of one element or feature to one or more other elements or features, as illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Spatially related terms are intended to cover different orientations in the use or operation of the device other than those depicted in the accompanying drawings. The device may be oriented in other ways, and the spatially related descriptive terms used herein can be interpreted similarly.

[0048] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides an integrated hydraulic sealing and fracturing device for coal mine roof, including a power unit 1, a connecting frame 2 fixedly installed at the bottom of the power unit 1, a conveying pipe 3 fixedly installed inside the connecting frame 2, a power adjustment mechanism 4 fixedly installed at the bottom of the conveying pipe 3, a sealing mechanism 5 fixedly installed at the bottom of the power adjustment mechanism 4, a high-pressure water spraying mechanism 6 fixedly installed at the bottom of the sealing mechanism 5, and a drilling module 7 fixedly installed at the bottom of the high-pressure water spraying mechanism 6.

[0049] The power adjustment mechanism 4 includes a fixed plate 41, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the conveying pipe 3. Conveying thin pipes 42 are fixedly installed in a ring at equal intervals on the outer side of the bottom of the fixed plate 41. A rail frame 43 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixed plate 41. A drive assembly 44 is located inside the rail frame 43, and a piston assembly 45 is located at the bottom of the rail frame 43. The bottom of the piston assembly 45 is connected to the input end of the sealing mechanism 5. During the application of this device, when the integrated hydraulic sealing and fracturing equipment for coal mine roof is working, the power unit 1 provides power to drive the connecting frame 2 and the conveying pipe 3 to rotate as a whole. The conveying pipe 3 transports external water to the fixed plate 41 of the power adjustment mechanism 4. The conveying tube 42 at the bottom of the fixed plate 41 is responsible for guiding water to the subsequent structure. The rail frame 43 at the bottom of the fixed plate 41 provides installation support for the drive assembly 44 and the piston assembly 45. When the drive assembly 44 is in operation, it can drive the piston assembly 45 to move within the rail frame 43. The movement of the piston assembly 45 can transmit power to the input end of the sealing mechanism 5, so that the sealing mechanism 5 can perform the sealing function. At the same time, the high-pressure water spraying mechanism 6, with the cooperation of the power adjustment mechanism 4, can achieve high-pressure water spraying operation on the top plate through the conveyed water flow. The drilling module 7 performs drilling under the overall power action. All parts work together to complete the hydraulic sealing and fracturing work of the top plate. The whole can play a good protective and sealing role.

[0050] Please see Figures 3-6 and Figure 8The drive assembly 44 includes a drive motor 441, which is fixedly mounted on the top of the rail frame 43. A lead screw 442 is fixedly mounted on the output end of the drive motor 441. The lead screw 442 is rotatably connected to the interior of the rail frame 43. A slider 443 is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the lead screw 442. The slider 443 has a hexagonal shape in both its top view and the internal cross-sectional shape of the rail frame 43. The slider 443 is slidably connected to the interior of the rail frame 43. A connecting frame 444 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the slider 443. The bottom of the connecting frame 444 is connected to the top of the piston assembly 45. The piston assembly 45 includes a mounting plate 451, which is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the rail frame 43. The bottom of mounting plate 451 is connected to the top of sealing mechanism 5. A piston cylinder 452 is fixedly mounted in the middle of the inner side of mounting plate 451. A piston plate 453 is slidably connected inside piston cylinder 452. The top of piston plate 453 is fixedly connected to the bottom of connecting frame 444. Piston plate 453 is movably connected to the inner side of piston cylinder 452. The bottom output end of piston cylinder 452 is connected to sealing mechanism 5. Sealing mechanism 5 includes support frame 51, which is fixedly mounted on the bottom of piston cylinder 452. The bottom of support frame 51 is fixedly connected to the top of high-pressure water spray mechanism 6. A sealing bladder 52 is fixedly mounted on the outer side of support frame 51. The sealing bladder 52 is made of high-polymer pressure-resistant and wear-resistant flexible material. The cylinder 452, located between the piston plate 453 and the top of the pre-piston cylinder 452, is filled with a filling fluid, including silicone oil, mineral oil, and fluorinated liquid. A connecting pipe 53 is fixedly connected at equal intervals to the bottom of the piston cylinder 452. The outer end of the connecting pipe 53 communicates with the interior of the sealing bladder 52. During the application of this device, in its drive assembly 44, the drive motor 441 is fixed to the top of the rail frame 43. The lead screw 442 connected to its output end is threadedly connected to the regular hexagonal slider 443. Both the slider 443 and the rail frame 43 have regular hexagonal cross-sections. This design prevents the slider 443 from rotating with the lead screw 442, ensuring stable sliding of the slider 443 along the rail frame 43. Precise transmission is achieved through the connecting frame 444. Power is transmitted to the piston assembly 45, improving the stability and accuracy of power transmission. The mounting plate 451 of the piston assembly 45 provides a stable support for the piston cylinder 452. The connecting frame 444 drives the piston plate 453 to slide inside the piston cylinder 452, which can effectively squeeze the filling fluid and ensure that the fluid pressure is stably transmitted to the sealing mechanism 5, realizing the reliable expansion and contraction of the sealing bladder 52. The support frame 51 of the sealing mechanism 5 connects the piston cylinder 452 and the high-pressure water spray mechanism 6, enhancing the overall structural stability. The sealing bladder 52 is made of a high-polymer pressure-resistant and wear-resistant flexible material. Combined with the filling fluid such as silicone oil, mineral oil or fluorinated liquid in the piston cylinder 452, it can adapt to different borehole inner wall shapes, ensuring tight sealing and withstanding high pressure.The connecting pipe 53 connects the piston cylinder 452 and the sealing bladder 52 at equal intervals, allowing the filling fluid to enter the sealing bladder 52 evenly, ensuring uniform expansion of the sealing bladder 52, and improving the sealing effect. Overall, these structural components work together to achieve precise control of the sealing action, improve the sealing reliability and operational stability of the equipment, and meet the high-efficiency operation requirements of hydraulic sealing and fracturing of coal mine roofs.

[0051] Please see Figures 1-6 The high-pressure water spraying mechanism 6 includes a water spray pipe 61 and a connecting rod 62. The water spray pipe 61 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the support frame 51. The top of the water spray pipe 61 is connected to the output end of the conveying thin tube 42. High-pressure water spraying holes 63 are evenly spaced on the upper part of the outer surface of the water spray pipe 61. The connecting rod 62 is slidably connected to the inside of the water spray pipe 61. The top of the connecting rod 62 passes through the support frame 51 and the piston cylinder 452 and is connected to the bottom of the piston plate 453. A sealing plug 64 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting rod 62. The outer wall of the sealing plug 64 is fitted to the inner side of each high-pressure water spraying hole 63. The top of the fixed plate 41 is arranged in a ring at equal intervals. A support plate 8 is fixedly installed, and the bottom of the support plate 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the power unit 1. The drilling module 7 includes a mounting base 71, which is fixedly installed on the bottom of the water spray pipe 61. The bottom of the mounting base 71 has a mounting groove 72, and a mounting block 73 is inserted into the mounting groove 72. The mounting block 73 is installed on the inner side of the mounting groove 72 by bolts. A drill bit 74 is fixedly installed on the bottom of the mounting block 73. During the application of this device, in its high-pressure water spray mechanism 6, the water spray pipe 61 is fixed to the bottom of the support frame 51 and is connected to the delivery thin pipe 42, which can stably receive high-pressure water flow. High-pressure water spray nozzles are evenly spaced on the upper part of its outer surface. The water spray hole 63 ensures uniform water flow, improving the cutting effect on coal and rock masses. The connecting rod 62 is slidably connected inside the water spray pipe 61, with the top penetrating the support frame 51 and piston cylinder 452 and connected to the piston plate 453. The sealing plug 64 at the bottom covers the inside of the high-pressure water spray hole 63 and can move synchronously with the piston plate 453. During drilling, the water spray hole is closed to prevent mud and sand from entering, and opened during operation to ensure water flow, achieving efficient switching between protection and operation. It protects the internal structure of the equipment while ensuring stable water spraying effect. The support plates 8 on the top of the fixed plate 41 are arranged in a ring at equal intervals and fixed to the power unit 1 at the bottom, strengthening the fixed plate. The connection strength between 41 and the power unit 1 reduces shaking during equipment operation and improves the overall structural stability. The mounting base 71 of the drilling module 7 is fixed to the bottom of the water spray pipe 61, and the mounting block 73 is installed in the mounting groove 72 by bolts, which facilitates the quick replacement of different models of drill bits 74 according to drilling requirements, improves the versatility and adaptability of the equipment, reduces the operation time for replacing drill bits 74, and improves work efficiency. These structural designs work together to ensure the reliability and safety of high-pressure water spraying operations, while also enhancing the structural stability and flexibility of the equipment, meeting the diverse needs of hydraulic sealing and fracturing operations on the roof of coal mines.

[0052] Please see Figures 1-4 and Figure 7 The power unit 1 includes a base plate 11, with a turntable 12 rotatably connected to the front end of the base plate 11. The bottom of the turntable 12 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 2 and the top of the support plate 8. An external water pipe 13 is fixedly installed on the top of the turntable 12. The bottom of the external water pipe 13 passes through the base plate 11 and the connecting frame 2, and the bottom of the external water pipe 13 is connected to the delivery pipe 3. A rotary connector 14 is fixedly installed on the top of the external water pipe 13, and a connecting flange 15 is fixedly connected to the top of the rotary connector 14. A transmission assembly 16 is movably installed on the rear top of the base plate 11. The moving assembly 16 includes a driving gear 161, a driven gear ring 162, and a transmission pulley 163. The transmission pulley 163 is rotatably connected to the top rear end of the base plate 11. The driven gear ring 162 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the external water pipe 13. The driving gear 161 is fixedly installed on the top of the transmission pulley 163. The driving gear 161 and the driven gear ring 162 are meshed together. Mounting side plates 164 are fixedly installed on the middle of both sides of the base plate 11. Mounting holes 165 are provided on the upper outer side of the mounting side plates 164. The mounting holes 165 are countersunk holes. During application, in its power unit 1, the turntable 12, which is rotatably connected to the front end of the base plate 11, is fixed at the bottom to the connecting frame 2 and the top of the support plate 8, and can stably drive the lower structure to move synchronously; the external water pipe 13 passes through the base plate 11 and the connecting frame 2 and is connected to the delivery pipe 3. The rotating connector 14 at the top cooperates with the connecting flange 15 to realize flexible connection with the external water supply system, ensuring that the water supply is continuous and leak-free when the external water pipe 13 rotates, solving the problem of coordination between rotation operation and water supply. The transmission assembly 16 has a transmission pulley 163, a drive gear 161, and a driven gear 162. The engagement of the moving gear ring 162 can efficiently transmit power to the external water pipe 13, driving it and the structure below to rotate, ensuring stable drilling power for the drill bit 74. The mounting side plates 164 on both sides of the base plate 11 and the countersunk hole at the top can securely install the equipment, preventing bolt heads from protruding and causing collisions, thus improving operational safety. The overall design ensures efficient power transmission, continuous and stable water supply, and secure equipment installation, guaranteeing the coordinated operation of drilling and water supply, enhancing the stability and safety of equipment operation, and meeting the high-intensity and high-safety requirements of coal mine roof operations.

[0053] The working process of the technical solution provided by this invention is as follows:

[0054] In the initial stage of operation, workers first use bolts to firmly fix the entire equipment to the designated position in the coal mine roof working area through the countersunk holes on the side plates 164 on both sides of the base plate 11. The countersunk hole design prevents the bolt heads from protruding and avoids collisions during operation. The connecting flange 15 on the top of the external water pipe 13 is precisely connected to the pipeline of the external high-pressure water supply system to ensure a sealed connection of the water supply channel. The rotating connector 14 installed on the top of the external water pipe 13 allows the external water pipe 13 to rotate freely with the structure below while ensuring uninterrupted water supply, providing the necessary rotation conditions for subsequent drilling operations. When the transmission assembly 16 starts working, the transmission pulley 163 starts to rotate under the drive of the external power source, and the drive gear 161 fixed on the top of the transmission pulley 163 rotates synchronously. Since the drive gear 161 and the external water pipe 163 are fixed on the external water pipe 164, the transmission assembly 163 starts to rotate under the drive of the external power source. The drive gear 161 rotates synchronously with the drive gear 163. The driven gear rings 162 on the outer surface of the 3 mesh with each other. The rotation of the driving gear 161 will drive the driven gear rings 162 and the external water pipe 13 to rotate together. The rotation of the external water pipe 13 is transmitted to the turntable 12 at the bottom. The turntable 12 then drives the conveying pipe 3, the fixed plate 41, the rail frame 43 and other structures below to rotate as a whole through the connecting frame 2 and the support plate 8. At this time, the drill bit 74 installed at the bottom of the mounting block 73 in the drilling module 7 also rotates at high speed and begins to drill into the roof of the coal mine. During this process, the drive motor 441 of the power adjustment mechanism 4 is not started, the lead screw 442 remains stationary, and the regular hexagonal slider 443 threadedly connected to the lead screw 442 is located at the uppermost position of the rail frame 43. The connecting frame 444 at the bottom of the slider 443 does not apply a downward force to the piston plate 453. Therefore, the piston plate 453 is located at the upper part of the piston cylinder 452. The filling fluid between the piston cylinder 452 and the top of the piston cylinder 452 is not compressed and is in a natural state. The sealing bladder 52, which is connected to the bottom of the piston cylinder 452 through the connecting pipe 53, is also in a contracted state and does not contact the inner wall of the borehole. At the same time, the connecting rod 62, which is connected to the bottom of the piston plate 453, is also in a high position. The sealing plug 64 at its bottom tightly covers the inner side of each high-pressure water jet hole 63 on the outer surface of the water jet pipe 61, completely sealing the high-pressure water jet holes 63. In this way, a large amount of mud and debris generated during the drilling process cannot enter the interior of the water jet pipe 61 through the high-pressure water jet holes 63, thus avoiding the blockage of the water jet pipe 61 and the delivery capillary tube 42.

[0055] When the drill bit 74 drills to the preset depth, the transmission assembly 16 stops receiving external power, and components such as the transmission pulley 163, the drive gear 161, and the driven gear ring 162 stop rotating. The external water pipe 13 and the drill bit 74 also stop rotating, and the drilling operation is temporarily suspended. At this time, the drive motor 441 of the power adjustment mechanism 4 starts, and the motor output drives the lead screw 442 to start rotating. Since the slider 443 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 442 and both the slider 443 and the rail frame 43 are regular hexagonal structures, the slider 443 cannot rotate with the lead screw 442. It can only slide downward along the inner wall of the rail frame 43. The connecting frame 444 at the bottom of the slider 443 moves downward with the slider 443. The piston plate 453 moves downward synchronously as the slider 443 moves downward within the piston cylinder 452, thus compressing the filling fluid located above the piston plate 453 within the piston cylinder 452. The compressed filling fluid is transported through the connecting pipe 53 at the bottom of the piston cylinder 452 to the sealing bladder 52 of the sealing mechanism 5. The sealing bladder 52, made of a high-polymer pressure-resistant and wear-resistant flexible material, gradually expands under the pressure of the filling fluid until it tightly adheres to the inner wall of the borehole, forming a completely enclosed working space. This provides sealing conditions for subsequent high-pressure water jet fracturing operations. During the process of the slider 443 moving downward to push the piston plate 453, the bottom of the piston plate 453... The fixed connecting rod 62 also moves downwards synchronously. As the connecting rod 62 moves downwards, the sealing plug 64 at the bottom of the connecting rod 62 gradually disengages from the high-pressure water jet hole 63 of the water jet pipe 61, no longer blocking the high-pressure water jet hole 63. At this time, the external high-pressure water enters the external water pipe 13 through the connecting flange 15, flows into the conveying pipe 3 through the external water pipe 13, and the conveying pipe 3 conveys the high-pressure water to the fixed plate 41. Then, after being diverted by the conveying thin pipe 42 at the bottom of the fixed plate 41, it enters the water jet pipe 61 of the high-pressure water jet mechanism 6, and finally sprays out from the high-pressure water jet hole 63 on the outer surface of the water jet pipe 61. The high-speed sprayed high-pressure water jet cuts and breaks the coal and rock mass in the sealed space. The high-pressure water jet fracturing operation is completed, and the drive motor 441 reverses, causing the lead screw 442 to rotate in the opposite direction. The slider 443 slides upward along the rail frame 43, and the connecting frame 444 pulls the piston plate 453 to return to its original position inside the piston cylinder 452. After the pressure is removed, the filling fluid flows back from the sealing bladder 52 to the piston cylinder 452 through the connecting pipe 53. After the sealing bladder 52 loses pressure, it contracts back to its initial contracted state. The connecting rod 62 moves upward with the piston plate 453, and the sealing plug 64 covers the high-pressure water jet hole 63 again, sealing it. Then the transmission assembly 16 starts again, driving the drill bit 74 to reverse and slowly withdraw from the completed borehole.

[0056] Addressing the issue of compromised sealing performance caused by the sharing of a water injection pipe between the sealing structure and high-pressure water jet in existing technologies, this equipment employs a power adjustment mechanism 4 where the piston assembly 45 independently drives the expansion of the sealing bladder 52. The expansion of the sealing bladder 52 is achieved by the pressure of the fluid filling the piston cylinder 452. Meanwhile, the water supply to the high-pressure water jet mechanism 6 is completed through independent paths such as the external water pipe 13, the delivery pipe 3, and the delivery capillary pipe 42. The power sources and transmission paths of the two are completely separated. After the sealing bladder 52 expands to form a sealed space, the pressure generated by the high-pressure water jet will not act on the sealing bladder 52, avoiding the situation where the pressure in the sealed space reverses and compresses the sealing structure, thus ensuring a stable and reliable sealing state. Furthermore, addressing the issue of mud and sand easily entering the equipment through the high-pressure water jet hole 63 during drilling, this equipment... The equipment is equipped with a sealing plug 64 at the high-pressure water jet hole 63. During the drilling stage, the sealing plug 64 covers the high-pressure water jet hole 63 under the action of the connecting rod 62, effectively preventing the intrusion of mud, sand and debris. During high-pressure water jetting, the sealing plug 64 opens synchronously with the expansion of the sealing bladder 52, ensuring that the high-pressure water flow can be smoothly ejected from the high-pressure water jet hole 63, which protects the internal structure of the equipment without affecting the operation. At the same time, the equipment is equipped with a rotary connector 14 at the top of the external water pipe 13 of the water supply system. The rotary connector 14 enables continuous water supply to the external water pipe 13 while it is rotating, allowing the drill bit 74 to rotate and drill while the high-pressure water is delivered simultaneously. This avoids mutual interference between the pipes, reduces the occurrence of water leakage, ensures stable water supply pressure, and solves the problem of coordinating rotation and water supply.

[0057] One end of the support plate 8 on the top of the fixed plate 41 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 41, and the other end is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base plate 11 of the power unit 1. Through the support of multiple sets of support plates 8, the stability of the connection between the fixed plate 41 and the power unit 1 is enhanced, preventing the fixed plate 41 from shaking or shifting when the equipment rotates. The rail frame 43 and the slider 443 adopt a regular hexagonal structure design. This shape can effectively prevent the slider 443 from rotating during the sliding along the rail frame 43, ensuring that the slider 443 can only move up and down in a straight line. The piston plate 453 can move within the piston cylinder 452, preventing friction or jamming between the piston plate 453 and the inner wall of the piston cylinder 452 due to tilting. The precise fit between the piston cylinder 452 and the piston plate 453 ensures the sealing performance of the piston plate 453 when sliding within the piston cylinder 452. Simultaneously, a corresponding sealing ring is provided at the point where the connecting rod 62 penetrates the support frame 51, maintaining stable sliding while providing a sealing effect to prevent leakage of the filling fluid from the gap between the piston plate 453 and the inner wall of the piston cylinder 452. The system ensures that all filling fluid is delivered to the sealing bladder 52, improving the efficiency of fluid pressure transmission. The sealing bladder 52 is made of a high-polymer pressure-resistant and wear-resistant flexible material. This material not only has good pressure resistance and can withstand the pressure during high-pressure water operations, but also has strong wear resistance and flexibility, which can adapt to the inner wall shape of drill holes of different diameters, ensuring a sealing effect. The drilling module 7 is fitted with the mounting slot 72 of the mounting base 71 through the mounting block 73 and fixed with bolts. This structural design allows workers to quickly disassemble and replace different models and specifications of drill bits 74 according to different drilling needs, improving the versatility and adaptability of the equipment. The base plate 11, as the basic component of the entire equipment, provides an installation platform for the transmission component 16, external water pipe 13, etc. The connecting frame 2 connects the power unit 1 with the lower delivery pipe 3, fixed plate 41, and other components into a whole. Together, they provide stable support for the various components of the equipment, ensuring the overall stability of the equipment during high-speed rotation and high-pressure operations, and avoiding the impact on the working effect or the occurrence of safety accidents due to structural loosening.

[0058] This invention encompasses any substitutions, modifications, equivalent methods, and solutions made within the spirit and scope of this invention. To provide the public with a thorough understanding of this invention, specific details are described in detail in the following preferred embodiments; however, those skilled in the art will fully understand the invention even without these details. Furthermore, to avoid unnecessary misunderstanding of the essence of this invention, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components, and circuits are not described in detail.

[0059] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated hydraulic sealing and fracturing device for coal mine roof, characterized in that, The device includes a power unit, a connecting frame fixedly installed at the bottom of the power unit, a conveying pipe fixedly installed inside the connecting frame, a power adjustment mechanism fixedly installed at the bottom of the conveying pipe, a sealing mechanism fixedly installed at the bottom of the power adjustment mechanism, a high-pressure water spraying mechanism fixedly installed at the bottom of the sealing mechanism, and a drilling module fixedly installed at the bottom of the high-pressure water spraying mechanism. The power adjustment mechanism includes a fixed plate, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the conveying pipe. Conveying thin tubes are fixedly installed in a ring at equal intervals on the outer side of the bottom of the fixed plate. A rail frame is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixed plate. A drive assembly is provided inside the rail frame. A piston assembly is provided at the bottom of the rail frame. The bottom of the piston assembly is connected to the input end of the sealing mechanism.

2. The integrated hydraulic sealing and fracturing equipment for coal mine roof as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes a drive motor, which is fixedly mounted on the top of the rail frame. A lead screw is fixedly mounted on the output end of the drive motor. The lead screw is rotatably connected to the inside of the rail frame. A slider is threaded onto the outer surface of the lead screw. The slider has a hexagonal shape in both its top view and the internal cross-sectional shape of the rail frame. The slider is slidably connected to the inside of the rail frame. A connecting frame is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the slider. The bottom of the connecting frame is connected to the top of the piston assembly.

3. The integrated hydraulic sealing and fracturing equipment for coal mine roof as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The piston assembly includes a mounting plate, which is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the rail frame. The bottom of the mounting plate is connected to the top of the sealing mechanism. A piston cylinder is fixedly mounted on the inner center of the mounting plate. A piston plate is slidably connected inside the piston cylinder. The top of the piston plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting frame. The piston plate is movably connected to the inner side of the piston cylinder. The bottom output end of the piston cylinder is connected to the sealing mechanism.

4. The integrated hydraulic sealing and fracturing equipment for coal mine roof as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The sealing mechanism includes a support frame, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the piston cylinder. The bottom of the support frame is fixedly connected to the top of the high-pressure water spray mechanism. A sealing bladder is fixedly installed on the outside of the support frame. The sealing bladder is made of a high-polymer pressure-resistant and wear-resistant flexible material. The piston cylinder is filled with a filling fluid between the piston plate and the top of the piston cylinder. The filling fluid includes silicone oil, mineral oil, and fluorinated liquid. A connecting pipe is fixedly connected at equal intervals to the bottom of the piston cylinder. The outer end of the connecting pipe is connected to the inside of the sealing bladder.

5. The integrated hydraulic sealing and fracturing equipment for coal mine roof as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The high-pressure water spraying mechanism includes a water spray pipe and a connecting rod. The water spray pipe is fixedly installed at the bottom of the support frame. The top of the water spray pipe is connected to the output end of the conveying fine tube. High-pressure water spraying holes are evenly spaced on the upper part of the outer surface of the water spray pipe. The connecting rod is slidably connected to the inside of the water spray pipe. The top of the connecting rod passes through the support frame and the piston cylinder and is connected to the bottom of the piston plate. A sealing plug is fixedly installed at the bottom of the connecting rod. The outer wall of the sealing plug is fitted to the inner side of each high-pressure water spraying hole.

6. The integrated hydraulic sealing and fracturing equipment for coal mine roof as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the fixed plate is fixedly installed with support plates arranged in a ring at equal intervals, and the bottom of the support plates is fixedly connected to the bottom of the power device.

7. The integrated hydraulic sealing and fracturing equipment for coal mine roof as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The drilling module includes a mounting base, which is fixedly installed on the bottom of the water spray pipe. The bottom of the mounting base has a mounting groove, and a mounting block is inserted into the mounting groove. The mounting block is installed on the inner side of the mounting groove by bolts, and a drill bit is fixedly installed on the bottom of the mounting block.

8. The integrated hydraulic sealing and fracturing equipment for coal mine roof as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The power unit includes a base plate, a turntable rotatably connected to the front end of the base plate, the bottom of the turntable being fixedly connected to the connecting frame and the top of the support plate, an external water pipe being fixedly installed on the top of the turntable, the bottom of the external water pipe penetrating the base plate and the connecting frame, the bottom of the external water pipe being connected to a delivery pipe, a rotary connector being fixedly installed on the top of the external water pipe, a connecting flange being fixedly connected to the top of the rotary connector, and a transmission assembly being movably installed on the rear top of the base plate.

9. The integrated hydraulic sealing and fracturing equipment for coal mine roof as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The transmission assembly includes a driving gear, a driven gear ring, and a transmission pulley. The transmission pulley is rotatably connected to the top rear end of the base plate. The driven gear ring is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the external water pipe. The driving gear is fixedly installed on the top of the transmission pulley. The driving gear and the driven gear ring are meshed together.

10. The integrated hydraulic sealing and fracturing equipment for coal mine roof as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Mounting side plates are fixedly installed on the middle of both sides of the base plate. Mounting holes are provided on the upper outer side of the mounting side plates. The mounting holes are countersunk holes.

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