Slope type gravity energy storage reduced scale similarity test platform and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a reduced scale similarity test platform and method for slope type gravity energy storage, and relates to the technical field of energy storage, and the platform comprises an upper warehousing system, a slope transportation simulation system, a lower warehousing system, an energy storage load-carrying vehicle, an intelligent monitoring and control system, and a multi-parameter test analysis system. Through combination of the height adjustable characteristic of the upper warehousing system and the fixed foundation of the lower warehousing system, different terrain height differences and gradient conditions can be flexibly simulated, the energy storage load-carrying vehicle is strictly designed based on the physical similarity theory, accurate correspondence of dynamic characteristics between a reduced scale model and a prototype is ensured, and the dynamic performance of the energy storage load-carrying vehicle is improved. Through cooperative work of the intelligent monitoring and control system and the multi-parameter test analysis system, real-time sensing, comprehensive data acquisition and deep analysis of the operation state of the platform are achieved, and the automation degree, the measurement precision and the research efficiency of the test are greatly improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of energy storage technology, in particular to a scaled similar test platform and method for slope type gravity energy storage. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, clean and low-carbon energy represented by wind energy and solar energy has developed rapidly and gradually become an important part of China's energy structure and power supply market. However, due to the natural disadvantages of clean energy such as typical regionalism, non-continuous and stable supply, and uneven consumption, it has brought a series of challenges to the safe and stable operation of the national power grid, and seriously restricted the rapid development of clean energy. Large-scale energy storage is one of the effective ways to overcome the instability of clean energy supply, and is also an important guarantee for the safe supply of green and low-carbon energy in China. At present, pumped storage and compressed air energy storage account for more than 95% of the total installed capacity of energy storage in China. However, due to factors such as site selection conditions, ecological red line, energy storage density, and strict sealing and anti-seepage requirements, the planning and construction speed cannot match the rapid growth of renewable energy installed capacity. Gravity energy storage, as a relatively mature large-scale physical energy storage technology in new energy storage, uses solid heavy objects as energy storage media, has lower requirements for sealing and anti-seepage, surrounding rock stability, and other performance of the storage, and has many advantages such as high safety and reliability, low energy storage cost, long service life, flexible layout, and minimal environmental impact. It is especially suitable for closed or abandoned mining areas and water-deficient mountainous areas in the Midwest. In recent years, it has attracted the attention of scholars and entrepreneurs at home and abroad and has developed rapidly. However, although the principle of slope type gravity energy storage is simple, the entire system involves many complex links such as storage, transportation, power generation, lifting, monitoring, scheduling, control, and management of bulk heavy objects. In actual working conditions, it often involves the coupling of slope, dynamic load vehicle, wheel-rail friction, and other physical fields, as well as vibration impact, wind resistance disturbance, etc. Large-scale field tests have high investment, long cycle, and high safety risk. There is no efficient solution in existing technology to replace this high-cost verification method. In addition, there is no mature theoretical model or numerical simulation method and system that can truly simulate the mechanical dynamics and power interaction of the entire working process. It cannot reveal the influence mechanism of system efficiency with load mass, slope, speed, system configuration, etc. variables, resulting in low result reliability, inability to verify the actual matching of system and geological terrain with power grid, and serious restriction on the healthy development of related technologies. It is urgent to develop a scaled similar test device in a controllable environment to provide important basic data for solving key problems such as gravity energy storage efficiency determination, key factor response mechanism, configuration parameter optimization, and terrain adaptability modification, and to provide scientific basis for overcoming the engineering bottleneck of slope type gravity energy storage and greatly reducing the risk of technology research and development.

[0003] The existing scaled similar test platform for slope type gravity energy storage has the following defects: 1、Patent document CN118654871A discloses a gravity energy storage test system and equivalent test method, "The present application discloses a gravity energy storage test system and equivalent test method, relating to the technical field of gravity energy storage, comprising: the test system contains four-quadrant frequency converter, permanent magnet synchronous generator motor, clutch, reduction gearbox, drum, weight and measurement and control system, adopts the same structure form of scaled power motor and elevator, scaled mass weight and scaled height difference gravity energy storage system, part of equivalent rated power motor and elevator, rated mass weight and rated height difference gravity energy storage system, makes the motor run at rated speed, tests the whole cycle of gravity energy storage operation, and records each measured value, calculates the loss power, loss energy and whole cycle electric-electric efficiency of each part of the gravity energy storage test system, and obtains the theoretical loss power of each part of the rated power and rated capacity operation system and the whole cycle electric-electric efficiency. The present application has a guiding effect on the test and prototype development of gravity energy storage system", but the gravity energy storage test system and equivalent test method in the above-mentioned document do not involve the key variables of load mass, slope, speed, system configuration in the physical motion and dynamics interaction process mentioned in the patent application document, which have technical problems in the research of energy storage system efficiency and operation safety. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a scaled similar test platform and method for slope type gravity energy storage, to solve the technical problems raised in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solution: a scaled similar test platform for slope type gravity energy storage, comprising an upper warehouse system, a slope transportation simulation system, a lower warehouse system, an energy storage load vehicle, an intelligent monitoring and control system, and a multi-parameter test analysis system. The upper warehouse system comprises a height-adjustable load-bearing structure and a warehouse platform, and a lifting and generator room. The lower warehouse system is arranged on a concrete foundation and is provided with a reversing guide wheel room. The slope transportation simulation system is connected between the upper warehouse system and the lower warehouse system. The energy storage load vehicle runs on the system track, and the weight and size of the energy storage load vehicle are determined based on the physical similarity theory. The intelligent monitoring and control system is communicatively connected to the sensors arranged at various positions on the platform. The multi-parameter test analysis system is communicatively connected to the intelligent monitoring and control system.

[0006] Preferably, the application of the physical similarity theory specifically includes: determining the kinematic similarity relationship between the model and the prototype based on the equal criterion of Froude number. Based on the Newton number equivalence criterion, the wind resistance friction resistance similarity relationship in the material transportation process is corrected; Based on the power and power generation calculation principle, the power similarity relationship is determined; Among them, the scale parameter at least includes geometric size similarity ratio , density similarity ratio , heavy quality similarity ratio , speed similarity ratio , time similarity ratio And power similarity ratio , and satisfy the following relationship: , , , .

[0007] Preferably, the height-adjustable load-bearing structure includes load-bearing columns, and the load-bearing columns serve as guide rails, the storage platform is connected with the load-bearing columns through a sliding sleeve, and is driven to ascend and descend by a large-stroke lifting jack.

[0008] Preferably, the load-bearing columns are divided into a lower reinforced concrete structure and an upper cylindrical steel guide rail, limit baffles are arranged at the upper and lower ends of the cylindrical steel guide rail, the lower reinforced concrete structure and the upper cylindrical steel guide rail are firmly connected by integral pouring of concrete, and the lower reinforced concrete structures of different load-bearing columns are connected to each other by link ear plates and diagonal braces to form a stable load-bearing structure system.

[0009] Preferably, the track structure for vehicle operation and storage is arranged on the storage platform of the upper and lower storage systems, and a fine-tuning hydraulic jack is arranged below the track structure.

[0010] Preferably, a power generation system and a lifting system are arranged inside the lifting and power generation room, the power generation system and the lifting system share a winch through a shaft coupling, a traction steel wire rope is wound on the winch, the traction steel wire rope is diverted by the diverting guide pulley in the diverting guide pulley room to form a closed loop continuous transportation power system, and the traction steel wire rope is connected with the energy storage load vehicle through a lock mechanism.

[0011] Preferably, the diverting guide pulley in the diverting guide pulley room is connected with a steel wire rope tensioning mechanism, and a positive safety brake system is further arranged on the diverting guide pulley, and the diverting guide pulley room and the lifting and power generation room together constitute a double safety guarantee system for load vehicle transportation.

[0012] Preferably, the energy storage truck is a closed van structure, the inside of the energy storage truck is used to load different amounts of counterweight blocks to simulate different load conditions, and the bottom of the energy storage truck is provided with a lock mechanism composed of a lower bayonet ball sleeve lock and a steel wire rope blocking block to realize quick connection with the traction steel wire rope and automatic hook disengagement in place.

[0013] Preferably, based on the physical similarity theory, the scale parameters are specifically configured as: the geometric size similarity ratio is 10, the density similarity ratio is 1.5, the weight similarity ratio is 1500, the speed similarity ratio is 3.16, the time similarity ratio is 3.16, and the power similarity ratio is 4166.7, based on which the test platform is configured as a slope length of 40 m, a slope angle change range of 10°-30°, a running speed of 1.58 m / s, and an installed capacity of 500 W.

[0014] Preferably, the working steps of the scale similarity test platform of the slope type gravity energy storage are as follows: S1, according to the similarity theory requirement, determine the scaling parameter, and configure the running parameter of the test platform, adjust the slope foot angle of the slope transportation simulation system, set the required slope through mechanical or hydraulic device, adjust the height of the upper storage system: drive the storage platform along the bearing column through the large-stroke lifting jack to simulate the change of gravitational potential energy under different height differences; S2, according to the weight similarity ratio, load different amounts of counterweight blocks in the energy storage truck to simulate different load conditions, place the energy storage truck on the track structure of the lower storage system, and quickly connect with the traction steel wire rope through the lock mechanism at the bottom; S3, start the lifting system in the lifting and generator room, wind the traction steel wire rope through the winch, and pull the energy storage truck along the slope transportation simulation system from the lower storage system to the upper storage system, in the process, the lifting system consumes electric energy, converts the electric energy into gravitational potential energy of the energy storage truck, and controls the running speed through the similarity theory, when the vehicle reaches the upper storage system, the lock mechanism automatically hooks off, the vehicle is separated from the traction steel wire rope, and is parked on the upper track, the track levelness can be adjusted by the fine-tuning hydraulic jack to ensure stable parking of the vehicle; S4, when energy needs to be released, the energy storage vehicle is connected with the traction steel wire rope again, the lifting and power generation system in the generator room is started, and the energy storage vehicle is controlled to run from the upper storage system to the lower storage system along the slope, in the process, the gravitational potential energy of the vehicle is converted into electric energy output through the power generation system, and the steel wire rope tension is kept stable through the reversing guide pulley in the reversing guide pulley room and the steel wire rope tensioning mechanism during running, so that stable running is ensured; S5, during the whole transportation process, the intelligent monitoring and control system monitors the vehicle running state, steel wire rope tension, slope angle, power parameter and the like in real time through the sensors arranged at various places of the platform, the active safety brake system and the lifting and power generation room jointly constitute double safety guarantee, and the brake is automatically triggered in an abnormal condition, so that safety is ensured, and data is transmitted to the multi-parameter test analysis system in real time for processing; S6, the multi-parameter test analysis system receives the data of the intelligent monitoring and control system, carries out kinematics, dynamics and power analysis, verifies the compliance of the Froude number, Newton number and the like similarity criterion, and evaluates the energy storage efficiency, running stability and the like performance index, according to the test result, the load, slope foot angle or running speed and the like parameters are adjusted, and repeated tests are carried out to optimize the system design; S7, after the test is completed, the energy storage vehicle is reset to the lower storage system, all connections are disconnected, and the system power is turned off, the test data is arranged, and a test report is generated, which is used for subsequent prototype system design and scaling relationship verification.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are: 1. The present application can flexibly simulate different terrain height differences and slope conditions by combining the height-adjustable characteristics of the upper storage system with the fixed base of the lower storage system, the energy storage vehicle is designed based on the physical similarity theory, so that the accuracy of the dynamic characteristics between the scaled model and the prototype is ensured, thereby the scientificity and generalizability of the test data are ensured, and the real-time perception of the platform running state, comprehensive data acquisition and deep analysis are realized through the cooperative work of the intelligent monitoring and control system and the multi-parameter test analysis system, so that the automation degree, measurement accuracy and research efficiency of the test are greatly improved, and then a reliable and efficient experimental means is provided for in-depth research on the system performance, running mechanism and energy conversion efficiency of the slope type gravity energy storage; 2. The present application strictly follows the Froude number equalization criterion, ensures the kinematic characteristics of the vehicle on the slope similar to the prototype, simultaneously corrects the wind resistance and friction resistance by using the Newton number criterion, significantly improves the authenticity of the resistance simulation, and through the strictly derived scaling parameter relationship, the geometric size similarity ratio for 10, the density similarity ratio For 1.5 key parameters, such as the length of the slope 40 meters, the running speed of 1.58 meters per second, and the installed capacity of 500 watts, the test platform is successfully materialized as a feasible solution. This parameter design based on the strict similarity theory enables the scaled-down test platform to accurately predict and evaluate the power characteristics, operating efficiency and dynamic performance of the full-size gravity energy storage system at a lower construction and operating cost, providing strong theoretical support and practical basis for the optimization of the technical scheme. 3. The application innovatively uses the load-bearing column as a guide rail by adjusting the height of the load-bearing column, connects the storage platform to the guide rail through a sliding sleeve, and drives the lifting with a large-stroke lifting jack to realize flexible and accurate adjustment of the height of the upper storage platform, providing core support for simulating different slope and elevation conditions. The lower reinforced concrete structure and the upper cylindrical steel guide rail are combined to ensure the stability of the foundation and provide a smooth guide surface. The upper and lower limiting stop plates and link ear plates further enhance the stability and safety of the structure. In addition, the upper and lower storage platforms are paved with track structures for vehicle operation and storage, and a fine-tuning hydraulic jack is arranged below the track structure. This design can accurately adjust the flatness of the track structure, effectively eliminate the effects of installation errors and foundation settlement, ensure the smooth operation of the energy storage vehicles, reduce additional operating resistance, and thus provide key protection for the accuracy and reliability of the test data. 4. The application integrates two systems of power generation and lifting in the lifting and power generation room, and shares a winch through a shaft coupling to realize bidirectional energy conversion and high integration of core components, which simplifies the structure and accurately simulates the core working cycle of gravity energy storage "energy storage-power generation". In terms of safety, the active safety brake system on the reversing guide wheel and the system in the lifting and power generation room jointly constitute a double safety protection, and are supplemented by a steel wire rope tensioning mechanism, which greatly improves the reliability and risk response capability of the heavy vehicle during transportation. In addition, the energy storage heavy vehicle with a closed van structure can simulate different load conditions by flexible internal counterweight, and the unique lock mechanism at the bottom realizes quick connection with the traction steel wire rope and automatic hooking in place, which not only improves the efficiency and automation level of the test operation, but also effectively avoids the safety hazards caused by manual intervention, and jointly ensures the safety, efficiency and flexibility of variable load in the test process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the side arrangement of the test platform of the application; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the planar arrangement of the test platform of the application; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the column and lifting structure of the upper storage system of the application; Figure 4The upper storage system rail and fine adjustment jack arrangement schematic diagram of the application; Figure 5 The reversing guide pulley machine room structure schematic diagram of the application; Figure 6 The system flow structure schematic diagram of the application; Figure 7 The working step structure schematic diagram of the application.

[0017] In the figure: 1, upper storage system; 2, inclined transport simulation system; 3, lower storage system; 4, energy storage load vehicle; 5, intelligent monitoring and control system; 6, multi-parameter test analysis system; 7, storage platform; 8, lifting and generator room; 9, reversing guide pulley machine room; 10, load-bearing column; 11, sliding sleeve; 12, large-stroke lifting jack; 13, reinforced concrete structure; 14, cylindrical steel guide rail; 15, limiting baffle; 16, track structure; 17, fine adjustment hydraulic jack; 18, power generation system; 19, lifting system; 20, winch; 21, traction steel wire rope; 22, reversing guide pulley; 23, steel wire rope tensioning mechanism; 24, active safety brake system; 25, link ear plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the application.

[0019] In the description of the application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front end", "rear end", "two ends", "one end", "the other end" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the application. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0020] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "provided with", "connected" and the like should be interpreted broadly, for example, "connected" can be fixed connection, can also be detachable connection, or integral connection; can be mechanical connection, can also be electrical connection; can be directly connected, can also be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, can be internal communication of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0021] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 , the present application provides an embodiment: a scaled similar test platform of slope type gravity energy storage, comprising an upper storage system 1, a slope transportation simulation system 2, a lower storage system 3, an energy storage vehicle 4, an intelligent monitoring and control system 5, and a multi-parameter test analysis system 6. The upper storage system 1 comprises a height-adjustable bearing structure and a storage platform 7, and a lifting and generator room 8. The lower storage system 3 is arranged on a concrete foundation and is provided with a reversing guide pulley room 9. The slope transportation simulation system 2 is connected between the upper storage system 1 and the lower storage system 3. The energy storage vehicle 4 runs on the system track. The weight and size of the energy storage vehicle 4 are determined based on the physical similarity theory. The intelligent monitoring and control system 5 is communicatively connected to the sensors deployed at various places on the platform. The multi-parameter test analysis system 6 is communicatively connected to the intelligent monitoring and control system 5. Further, the height of the bearing structure and the storage platform 7 in the upper storage system 1 is adjusted flexibly according to the actual slope terrain and height to be studied. Through this step, different energy storage and energy release working conditions under different altitude differences can be simulated on the same platform quickly and at low cost without building multiple fixed platforms, greatly expanding the application range and research efficiency of the test. According to the physical similarity theory, the corresponding weight and size of the energy storage vehicle 4 are calculated and configured, and the energy storage vehicle 4 is placed on the system track. This step ensures that the dynamics and kinematics process of the scaled model and the real gravity energy storage system are highly similar, guarantees that the data obtained in the laboratory can accurately predict and reflect the core operating characteristics of the full-size system, and guarantees the scientificity and reliability of the test results. The system is started, and the energy storage vehicle 4 runs on the slope transportation simulation system 2. When the vehicle descends, the generator mode of the lifting and generator room 8 converts the gravitational potential energy into electrical energy and measures it. When the vehicle ascends, the motor consumes electrical energy to lift it. This step completely simulates the closed-loop process of "energy storage-transportation-energy release", which can directly test and evaluate the energy conversion efficiency, running stability and working performance of the core equipment of the entire system.

[0022] Through the intelligent monitoring and control system 5, the sensor data deployed in the key parts of the system track, vehicle, hoist room, etc. are viewed in real time, including speed, tension, vibration, voltage, current, etc., and the vehicle running speed, start and stop, etc. can be remotely controlled. This step can provide full range of system "physical examination" and "remote control" capabilities, not only can real-time grasp the subtle changes in the test, timely warning of abnormal, but also can accurately control the test conditions, ensure that each test is carried out under the preset safe and stable parameters. During the test process, the multi-parameter test analysis system 6 automatically synchronously records and processes all data from the intelligent monitoring system. Through this step, the system comprehensive efficiency, mechanical loss, electrical characteristics and other multi-parameter correlation analysis reports can be obtained by one key, and then the performance bottleneck can be quickly located, and the mutual influence of various factors inside the system can be deeply understood, providing strong data support for optimizing the design of the gravity energy storage system.

[0023] Referring to FIG. 6, an embodiment provided by the present application is a scaled similar test platform for the slope type gravity energy storage. The application of the physical similarity theory specifically includes: determining the kinematic similarity relationship between the model and the prototype based on the equal criterion of the Froude number, correcting the wind resistance friction resistance similarity relationship in the material transportation process based on the equal criterion of the Newton number, and determining the power similarity relationship based on the calculation principle of the lifting power and the power generation power. The scaled parameters at least include the geometric size similarity ratio , the density similarity ratio , the weight similarity ratio , the speed similarity ratio , the time similarity ratio , and the power similarity ratio , and satisfy the following relationships: , , , Based on the physical similarity theory, the scaled parameters are specifically configured as: the geometric size similarity ratio is 10, the density similarity ratio is 1.5, the weight similarity ratio is 1500, the speed similarity ratio is 3.16, the time similarity ratio is 3.16, and the power similarity ratio is 4166.7. Based on this, the test platform is configured as a slope length of 40 m, a slope angle change range of 10°-30°, a running speed of 1.58 m / s, and an installed capacity of 500 W. Further, in the multi-parameter test analysis system 6, the preset scaled ratio parameters are directly input: the geometric similarity ratio =10, the density similarity ratio =1.5, and the system will automatically calculate and apply a complete set of derived parameters including the weight similarity ratio =1500, speed similarity ratio =3.16, time similarity ratio =3.16, power similarity ratio =4166.7, this step can be without complex similarity conversion, that is, a key to establish a high similarity with the prototype in kinematics and dynamics of the precise scale model, which ensures that the test from the beginning, all data based on strict scientific theory, laid the foundation for the high confidence test results; The slope angle of the slope transport simulation system 2 is adjusted in the range of 10° to 30°, and the system is started, and the energy storage vehicle 4 runs on the 40m long model track structure 16 at a model speed of 1.58m / s, through this step, the different steepness of the slope working condition in the real environment can be simulated safely and low cost in the compact laboratory, based on the equal criterion of Froude number, the vehicle's downhill and lifting movement, inertia effect and interaction with the track structure 16 can truly reflect the dynamic behavior of the prototype system, which is used to verify the rationality and stability of the system design; During the vehicle descending power generation and ascending energy storage process, the power output and consumption of the model are accurately measured and recorded through the lifting and generator room 8 and the multi-parameter test analysis system 6, this step can directly evaluate the core performance of the whole system on the scale model, the energy conversion efficiency, the model power data can be directly enlarged through the similarity ratio, to accurately predict the actual power generation and energy storage power of the full-size gravity energy storage power station, to provide key basis for the installed capacity planning and economic evaluation of the prototype power station, during the test process, the data related to friction resistance and wind resistance collected by the intelligent monitoring and control system 5 are focused on, this step uses the resistance correction similarity relationship based on the equal Newton number, through the analysis of these data, the deviation of the scale model and the prototype in resistance can be verified and corrected, so as to more accurately predict the energy loss caused by resistance in the real system in the design stage, optimize the system design to improve the final actual operation efficiency, after the test, the multi-parameter test analysis system 6 will automatically integrate all the time sequence data, and generate a comprehensive analysis report directly applicable to the prototype system according to the preset similarity ratio relationship, the key indicators such as efficiency, power consumption and running time in the report have been enlarged according to the similarity law, which can be directly used to guide the engineering design, investment decision and operation strategy of the real gravity energy storage power station, significantly reducing the technical risk and research and development cost.

[0024] Please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4The application provides a kind of embodiment: a scale similar test platform of slope type gravity energy storage, height-adjustable bearing structure includes bearing column 10, and bearing column 10 is used as guide rail, and storage platform 7 is connected with bearing column 10 by sliding sleeve 11, and is driven to realize lifting by large stroke lifting jack 12, bearing column 10 is divided into lower reinforced concrete structure 13 and upper cylindrical steel guide rail 14, and the upper and lower ends of cylindrical steel guide rail 14 are provided with limit baffle 15, and the lower reinforced concrete structure 13 of bearing column 10 is connected with the upper cylindrical steel guide rail 14 by the way of concrete integral pouring, and the lower reinforced concrete structure 13 of different bearing column 10 is connected by linking lug plate 25 and inclined brace to form a stable bearing structure system, and the track structure 16 for vehicle operation and storage is laid on the storage platform 7 of upper storage system 1 and lower storage system 3, and micro-adjusting hydraulic jack 17 is arranged below the track structure 16; Further, according to the test scheme, the large stroke lifting jack 12 is started to drive the storage platform 7 connected with the bearing column 10 through the sliding sleeve 11 to stably rise or fall to the predetermined height, which can easily change the height of the entire upper storage like a "elevating platform", without the need to rebuild or use a complex support frame, the energy storage scene of different mountain drop or lifting height can be quickly and accurately simulated, the adaptability and test efficiency of the platform to different test conditions are greatly improved, and in the adjustment and test process, the bearing column 10 composed of the lower reinforced concrete structure 13 and the upper cylindrical steel guide rail 14 by the linking lug plate 25 is relied on as the core support, so that no matter what height the platform rises to, the entire system is in an extremely stable state, the concrete foundation provides anti-overturning, the steel guide rail provides accurate guidance, and the inclined brace enhances the rigidity, which provides a stable and reliable benchmark for all test data, and ensures the comparability and repeatability of multiple test results.

[0025] After the height adjustment is completed, the micro-adjusting hydraulic jack 17 arranged below the track structure 16 is operated to finely correct the horizontal degree of the track structure 16 and the smooth transition of the track structure 16 connection between the upper and lower platforms, which is beneficial to solve the problem that the track structure 16 is easy to be dislocated after large-scale height change, and through micro-adjusting, the step or gap at the joint of the track structure 16 can be eliminated to ensure that the energy storage vehicle 4 runs stably and has no impact at the transition section, so as to protect the vehicle and obtain true and undisturbed running data, and accurately evaluate the interaction between the vehicle and the track structure 16; During the lifting process, pay attention to the limit baffle 15 arranged at the upper and lower ends of the cylindrical steel guide rail 14, which serves as the final mechanical safety guarantee and provides hard physical limiting for the lifting stroke of the platform, and together with the software limiting in the control system, it constitutes a double protection, at the same time, the solid column with the function of guide rail directly guides and restricts the running path of the vehicle, effectively prevents the vehicle from derailing accidentally, and ensures the safety of personnel and equipment during the entire test process.

[0026] From the height coarse adjustment, track structure 16 fine adjustment, to the final safe operation of the vehicle on the column serving as a guide rail, the entire process is executed coherently, through the above steps, a series of coherent tests can be quickly, safely and accurately completed under multiple preset working conditions, and critical data and long-term performance data related to the practical engineering application value can be efficiently obtained.

[0027] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 , an embodiment provided by the present application: a scale similar test platform of slope type gravity energy storage, a power generation system 18 and a lifting system 19 are arranged inside the lifting and power generation room 8, the power generation system 18 and the lifting system 19 share a winch 20 through a shaft coupling, the traction steel wire rope 21 is wound on the winch 20, the traction steel wire rope 21 forms a closed loop continuous transportation power system after being reversed through the reversing sheave 22 in the reversing sheave room 9, and is connected with the energy storage load vehicle 4 through the lock mechanism 26, the reversing sheave 22 in the reversing sheave room 9 is connected with the steel wire rope tensioning mechanism 23, and the active safety type brake system 24 is further arranged on the reversing sheave 22, and the lifting and power generation room 8 together constitute a double safety guarantee system for load vehicle transportation, the energy storage load vehicle 4 is a closed van type mine car structure, the inside of the energy storage load vehicle 4 is used for loading different number of counterweight blocks to simulate different load working conditions, the bottom of the energy storage load vehicle 4 is provided with a lock mechanism composed of a lower bayonet ball sleeve lock and a steel wire rope blocking block, so as to realize quick connection and in-place automatic hook disengagement with the traction steel wire rope 21; Further, select "power generation" or "lifting" mode on the intelligent monitoring and control system 5. The system will automatically switch the power path inside the lifting and power generation room 8, so that the power generation system 18 or the lifting system 19 is combined with the shared winch 20 through the shaft coupling, which can quickly switch between energy recovery and energy input without disassembling or replacing any mechanical parts. This greatly simplifies the operation process, ensures the coherence of the test cycle, and efficiently completes the performance evaluation of the complete working period of the system; The closed compartment structure of the energy storage load vehicle 4 is opened, and different amounts of counterweights are added or removed in the interior according to the test scheme, which is beneficial to easily simulate various transportation working conditions from light load to heavy load, and by changing the vehicle mass, the influence of the load on the system power, efficiency and braking performance can be systematically studied, and key experimental data for optimizing the economic transportation load of the real system is provided; When the vehicle needs to be connected with the system, the end of the traction steel wire rope 21 is connected with the lower socket ball sleeve lock at the bottom of the vehicle, that is, the quick connection is realized, when the vehicle runs to the end of the track structure 16, the steel wire rope blocking block will trigger the lock mechanism to automatically unhook, so that the vehicle is separated, and then the complex manual binding or fastening operation is omitted, the mechanization and automation of connection are realized, which not only improves the test efficiency, but also completely avoids the connection failure caused by human operation error, and ensures the controllability and repeatability of the traction process.

[0028] In the running process, the steel wire rope tensioning mechanism 23 in the reversing guide pulley room 9 will automatically work, and continuously provide constant tension for the traction steel wire rope 21, which can effectively compensate the extension and shaking of the steel wire rope due to the weight and load, and the stable tension avoids the impact, slipping or jumping caused by the relaxation of the steel wire rope, so that the vehicle runs stably and the speed is constant, thereby providing high-quality and low-noise original data for power calculation and efficiency analysis; When high-risk tests such as large slope and heavy load are carried out, the active safety type brake system 24 arranged on the reversing guide pulley 22 is confirmed to be used in cooperation with the main braking system of the lifting and generator room 8, which can build a crucial double safety insurance for the operation of the platform, and provide an independent emergency braking means directly acting on the traction rope outside the main braking system, so that the test can be carried out under more close-to-real working condition limit conditions, and even if the main system fails accidentally, the vehicle can be immediately stopped, and the safety of personnel and equipment is fully protected, and the test boundary of the platform is expanded.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 7 An embodiment provided by the present application: a test method for a scale similar test of a slope type gravity energy storage, the working steps of the scale similar test platform of the slope type gravity energy storage are as follows: S1, according to the similarity theory requirement, determine the scaling parameter, and configure the operation parameter of the test platform, adjust the slope foot angle of the slope transportation simulation system 2, set the required slope through mechanical or hydraulic device, adjust the height of the upper warehouse system 1: drive the warehouse platform 7 to rise and fall along the force bearing column 10 through the large stroke lifting jack 12, to simulate the change of gravitational potential energy under different height differences; S2, according to the weight quality similarity ratio, load different amounts of counterweights in the interior of the energy storage heavy vehicle 4 to simulate different load conditions, place the energy storage heavy vehicle 4 on the track structure 16 of the lower storage system 3, and quickly connect with the traction steel wire rope 21 through the bottom lock mechanism; S3, start the lifting system 19 in the lifting and power generation room 8, wind the traction steel wire rope 21 through the winch 20, and pull the energy storage heavy vehicle 4 to run from the lower storage system 3 to the upper storage system 1 along the slope transportation simulation system 2, in the process, the lifting system 19 consumes electric energy, converts the electric energy into gravitational potential energy of the energy storage heavy vehicle 4, and controls the running speed through similarity theory, when the vehicle reaches the upper storage system 1, the lock mechanism automatically hooks off, the vehicle is separated from the traction steel wire rope 21, and is parked on the upper track, the fine-tuning hydraulic jack 17 can adjust the track levelness to ensure stable parking of the vehicle; S4, when energy needs to be released, connect the energy storage heavy vehicle 4 with the traction steel wire rope 21 again, start the power generation system 18 in the lifting and power generation room 8, control the energy storage heavy vehicle 4 to run from the upper storage system 1 to the lower storage system 3 along the slope, in the process, the gravitational potential energy of the vehicle is converted into electric energy output through the power generation system 18, during the running process, the reversing guide wheel 22 and the steel wire rope tensioning mechanism 23 in the reversing guide wheel room 9 keep the steel wire rope tension stable to ensure smooth running; S5, during the entire transportation process, the intelligent monitoring and control system 5 monitors the vehicle running state, steel wire rope tension, slope angle, power parameters and the like in real time through sensors deployed at various places on the platform, the active safety brake system 24 and the lifting and power generation room 8 jointly constitute double safety protection, and automatically trigger the brake in abnormal conditions to ensure safety, data is transmitted to the multi-parameter test analysis system 6 in real time for processing; S6, the multi-parameter test analysis system 6 receives the data of the intelligent monitoring and control system 5, performs kinematics, dynamics and power analysis, verifies the compliance of similarity criteria such as Froude number and Newton number, and evaluates performance indicators such as energy storage efficiency and running stability, according to the test results, adjust parameters such as load, slope foot angle or running speed, and repeat the test to optimize the system design; S7, after completing the test, reset the energy storage heavy vehicle 4 to the lower storage system 3, disconnect all connections, and turn off the system power, organize the test data, and generate a test report for subsequent prototype system design and scaling relationship verification.

[0030] Working principle, through the height adjustable characteristics of the upper storage system 1 and the fixed base of the lower storage system 3, different terrain elevation and slope conditions can be simulated flexibly, the energy storage load vehicle 4 is designed strictly based on the physical similarity theory, which ensures the accurate correspondence of the dynamic characteristics between the scale model and the prototype, thereby ensuring the scientificity and generalizability of the test data, and the collaborative work of the intelligent monitoring and control system 5 and the multi-parameter test analysis system 6 realizes the real-time perception of the platform running state, comprehensive data acquisition and deep analysis, greatly improves the automation degree, measurement accuracy and research efficiency of the test, and further can provide reliable and efficient experimental means for in-depth study of the system performance, operation mechanism and energy conversion efficiency of the slope type gravity energy storage, by strictly following the Froude number equivalence criterion, the kinematics of the vehicle on the slope is similar to the prototype, and the Newton number criterion is used to correct the wind resistance and friction resistance, which significantly improves the authenticity of the resistance simulation, through the rigorous derived scale parameter relationship, and the specific configuration of the geometric size similarity ratio is 10, the density similarity ratio With key parameters such as 1.5, the test platform was successfully concretized into a feasible scheme with a slope length of 40 meters, an operating speed of 1.58 meters per second, and an installed capacity of 500 watts. This parameter design based on rigorous similarity theory enables the scaled-down test platform to accurately predict and evaluate the power characteristics, operating efficiency, and dynamic performance of a full-size gravity energy storage system at a lower construction and operating cost. This provides strong theoretical support and practical basis for optimizing technical solutions. The load-bearing column 10 is innovatively used as a guide rail through a height-adjustable load-bearing structure, allowing the storage platform 7 to be connected to it via a sliding sleeve 11. A large-scale... The lifting jack 12 drives the lifting mechanism, enabling flexible and precise height adjustment of the upper storage platform 7. This provides core support for simulating different slopes and elevations. The load-bearing column 10 adopts a combination design of a lower reinforced concrete structure 13 and an upper cylindrical steel guide rail 14, ensuring both foundation stability and a smooth guiding surface. The upper and lower limit baffles 15 and connecting ear plates 25 further enhance the stability and safety of the structure. In addition, both the upper and lower storage platforms 7 are equipped with track structures 16 for vehicle operation and storage, and fine-tuning hydraulic jacks 17 are installed below the track structures 16. The design can precisely adjust the flatness of the track structure 16, effectively eliminating the effects of installation errors and foundation settlement, ensuring the stable operation of the energy storage vehicle 4, and reducing additional running resistance. This provides a key guarantee for the accuracy and reliability of the test data. By integrating the power generation and lifting systems in the lifting and generator room 8, and sharing a winch 20 through a coupling, bidirectional energy conversion and high integration of core components are achieved. This simplifies the structure and accurately simulates the core working cycle of gravity energy storage "energy storage-power generation". In terms of safety, the active safety braking system on the guide wheel 22 is used. The system 24, together with the hoisting and generator room 8, constitutes a dual safety guarantee, supplemented by the wire rope tensioning mechanism 23, which greatly improves the reliability and risk response capability of the load vehicle during transportation. In addition, the energy storage load vehicle 4 with the enclosed box-type mine car structure can flexibly simulate different load conditions through internal counterweights, and its unique locking mechanism at the bottom enables quick connection with the traction wire rope 21 and automatic unhooking upon arrival. This not only improves the efficiency and automation level of the test operation, but also effectively avoids the safety hazards caused by manual intervention, jointly ensuring the safety, efficiency and flexibility of the test process.

[0031] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A scaled-down similarity test platform for inclined gravity energy storage, characterized in that: It includes an upper storage system (1), a ramp transportation simulation system (2), a lower storage system (3), an energy storage heavy-duty vehicle (4), an intelligent monitoring and control system (5), and a multi-parameter test and analysis system (6). The upper storage system (1) includes a height-adjustable load-bearing structure and storage platform (7), as well as a lifting and generator room (8). The lower storage system (3) is set on a concrete foundation and is equipped with a reversing guide wheel machine room (9). The ramp transport simulation system (2) is connected between the upper storage system (1) and the lower storage system (3); The energy storage vehicle (4) runs on the system track, and the weight and size of the energy storage vehicle (4) are determined based on the physical similarity theory. The intelligent monitoring and control system (5) is connected to sensors deployed throughout the platform. The multi-parameter test and analysis system (6) is communicatively connected to the intelligent monitoring and control system (5).

2. The scaled-down similarity test platform for inclined gravity energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific applications of the physical similarity theory include: determining the kinematic similarity relationship between the model and the prototype based on the Froude number equality criterion; Based on the Newton number equality criterion, the similarity relationship between wind resistance and frictional resistance in the material transportation process is corrected; Based on the calculation principles of power enhancement and power generation, the power similarity relationship is determined; The scaling parameters include at least the geometric similarity ratio. Density similarity ratio Similarity ratio of heavy objects speed similarity ratio Time similarity ratio Power similarity ratio And satisfy the following relationship: , , , .

3. The scaled-down similarity test platform for inclined gravity energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height-adjustable load-bearing structure includes a load-bearing column (10), which also serves as a guide rail. The storage platform (7) is connected to the load-bearing column (10) via a sliding sleeve (11) and is driven by a large-stroke lifting jack (12) to achieve lifting.

4. The scaled-down similarity test platform for inclined gravity energy storage according to claim 3, characterized in that: The load-bearing column (10) is divided into a lower reinforced concrete structure (13) and an upper cylindrical steel guide rail (14). Limiting baffles (15) are provided at the upper and lower ends of the cylindrical steel guide rail (14). The lower reinforced concrete structure (13) of the load-bearing column (10) and the upper cylindrical steel guide rail (14) are firmly connected by integral concrete pouring. The lower reinforced concrete structures (13) of different load-bearing columns (10) are connected to each other by connecting ear plates (25) and diagonal braces to form a stable load-bearing structure system.

5. The scaled-down similarity test platform for inclined gravity energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper storage system (1) and the lower storage system (3) are both equipped with a track structure (16) for vehicle operation and storage on the storage platform (7), and a fine-tuning hydraulic jack (17) is installed below the track structure (16).

6. The scaled-down similarity test platform for inclined gravity energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting and generator room (8) is equipped with a power generation system (18) and a lifting system (19). The power generation system (18) and the lifting system (19) share a winch (20) through a coupling. A traction steel wire rope (21) is wound on the winch (20). The traction steel wire rope (21) is reversed by the guide wheel (22) in the guide wheel room (9) to form a closed-loop continuous transport power system, and is connected to the energy storage heavy vehicle (4) through a locking mechanism (26).

7. The scaled-down similarity test platform for inclined gravity energy storage according to claim 6, characterized in that: The guide wheel (22) in the guide wheel room (9) is connected to the wire rope tensioning mechanism (23), and the guide wheel (22) is also equipped with an active safety braking system (24).

8. The scaled-down similarity test platform for inclined gravity energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy storage vehicle (4) is a closed box-type mining car structure. The interior of the energy storage vehicle (4) is used to load different numbers of counterweights to simulate different load conditions. The bottom of the energy storage vehicle (4) is equipped with a locking mechanism (26) consisting of a lower spherical sliding lock and a wire rope blocking block.

9. The scaled-down similarity test platform for inclined gravity energy storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the aforementioned physical similarity theory, the scaling parameter is specifically configured as: geometric similarity ratio. The density similarity ratio is 10. The similarity ratio of the weights is 1.

5. The speed similarity ratio is 1500. The time similarity ratio is 3.

16. The power similarity ratio is 3.

16. The value is 4166.

7. Based on this, the test platform is configured with a slope length of 40m, a slope angle range of 10°~30°, an operating speed of 1.58m / s, and an installed capacity of 500W.

10. The method for a scaled-down similarity test platform for inclined gravity energy storage according to claim 7, characterized in that, The working steps of this scaled-down similarity test platform for slope-type gravity energy storage are as follows: S1. Initial state setting: According to the actual engineering conditions to be simulated, adjust the load-bearing structure of the upper storage system (1) and the height of the storage platform (7) to simulate different slope gradients or energy storage heights. Place the energy storage load vehicle (4) at the starting position of the lower storage system (3). The vehicle weight and size are determined according to the physical similarity theory to ensure that the scaled model is similar to the prototype dynamics. The intelligent monitoring and control system (5) is started and the system status is checked by sensors deployed at various points on the platform to ensure that the track, wire rope and vehicle are normal. S2, Energy storage process: The lifting system (19) in the lifting and generator room (8) is started, and the winch (20) is driven to rotate through the coupling, winding the traction wire rope (21). The traction wire rope (21) is reversed through the guide wheel (22) in the guide wheel room (9) of the lower storage system (3) and connected to the energy storage vehicle (4). Under the pull of the lifting system (19), the energy storage vehicle (4) runs from the lower storage system (3) to the upper storage system (1) along the track of the slope transport simulation system (2). During the process, the vehicle potential energy increases, simulating gravity energy storage. The wire rope tensioning mechanism (23) maintains the appropriate tension of the wire rope to avoid slack or excessive tension. The active safety braking system (24) is in standby state to provide safety protection and prevent the vehicle from losing control. S3, Energy Release Process: When energy needs to be released, the energy storage vehicle (4) is released from the upper storage system (1) and runs down the slope. When the vehicle descends, the guide wheel (22) is pulled by the traction steel wire rope (21), which drives the winch (20) to rotate. At this time, the lifting system (19) is disengaged, and the power generation system (18) is connected to the winch (20) through the coupling to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy. The electrical energy output by the power generation system (18) can be connected to the power grid or used for test loads to simulate the power generation process of actual gravity energy storage. The active safety braking system (24) monitors the vehicle speed and automatically brakes when the speed exceeds the safety threshold. S4. Intelligent monitoring and data acquisition: Throughout the entire operation, the intelligent monitoring and control system (5) collects sensor data in real time, including vehicle position, speed, wire rope tension, slope gradient, power generation, etc. The multi-parameter test and analysis system (6) receives the data from the intelligent monitoring and control system (5) and performs performance analysis. S5. Cyclic Testing and Parameter Adjustment: The platform can repeatedly perform energy storage and release cycles to test performance under different operating conditions.

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