Dynamic water distribution system and dynamic water distribution method suitable for pumping irrigation area of multi-stage pump station

Abstract

The invention discloses a dynamic water distribution method suitable for a multi-stage pump station pumping irrigation area. The method comprises the steps that S1, basic data are collected; s2, setting nodes and dividing a shared flow interval; s3, setting basic information such as a minimum water demand unit, a pump station, a node and a shared flow interval; s4, setting irrigation preference; s5, establishing an initial pump station combination screening model; s6, establishing an irrigation process simulation model; s7, simulating the irrigation process of the effective combination scheme of the initial pump station; s8, setting an optimization target, and establishing an optimal scheme screening model; s9, operating the optimal scheme screening model, and outputting an optimal scheme irrigation simulation process chart; s10, establishing a dynamic water distribution model; and S11, setting water supply and demand change information, and operating the dynamic water distribution model. According to the dynamic water distribution method suitable for the pumping irrigation area of the multi-stage pump station, the problems that an existing canal system optimization water distribution method is not suitable for the actual condition of the irrigation area, cannot respond to the dynamic requirement and is not suitable for the pumping irrigation area are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agricultural irrigation scheduling and optimization control technology, specifically relating to a dynamic water distribution method applicable to multi-level pumping station irrigation areas. This invention also relates to a dynamic water distribution system applicable to multi-level pumping station irrigation areas for the above-mentioned dynamic water distribution method. Background Technology

[0002] Water allocation calculation in irrigation districts is a core aspect of irrigation scheduling and management. Its goal is to scientifically and rationally distribute limited water resources to various levels of the canal system to meet farmland water needs, maximize supply-demand balance, and ensure stable canal flow. Irrigation districts can be broadly classified into gravity-flow irrigation districts and pumped irrigation districts based on their water intake methods. For pumped irrigation districts with multiple pumping stations, water allocation calculations are particularly complex. Compared to gravity-flow irrigation districts, pumped irrigation districts have stronger internal coupling and significant mutual influence between pumping stations. Changes in the flow rate of any pumping station or canal will have a cascading effect on the water allocation schemes upstream and downstream, easily causing water level fluctuations. The water allocation scheme must not only dynamically respond to changes in irrigation demand and upstream water inflow but also consider the stability of canal water levels.

[0003] Currently, pumped irrigation districts in my country still rely primarily on manual water allocation planning, which is cumbersome in calculations, slow in adjustments, and unable to cope with complex and ever-changing operating conditions. This often leads to frequent pump station start-ups and shutdowns, unstable flow at the collection points, increased water wastage, and even potential safety hazards in the irrigation canals. Furthermore, multi-stage pumped irrigation districts place extremely high demands on the coordination between dispatchers and maintenance personnel, and manual allocation methods are insufficient to meet the needs of modern, refined, and intelligent irrigation district management.

[0004] Since the 1980s, the problem of optimal water allocation in irrigation districts has received continuous attention, with various models and algorithms proposed both domestically and internationally. Research generally employs the method of establishing an objective function, combined with mathematical methods such as linear programming, nonlinear programming, dynamic programming, genetic algorithms, and particle swarm optimization to solve for the optimal water allocation scheme under constraints. In terms of modeling objects, research primarily focuses on two-stage canal systems, with some extensions to multi-stage canal systems. Optimization objectives often include minimizing water allocation duration and reducing water conveyance losses. Modeling often follows assumptions such as "equal flow rates in lower-level canals" or "variable flow rates and durations."

[0005] However, these studies are mostly based on gravity-flow irrigation districts, relying on numerous idealized assumptions. Limited by the solution methods, the generated optimized solutions are unstable over time. Furthermore, when changes in water demand and upstream water inflow occur during irrigation operation, the regenerated solutions do not consider the currently operating scheme, leading to frequent pump station start-ups and shutdowns, unstable canal water levels, and other problems. Therefore, existing research results have poor adaptability to actual irrigation districts. In complex multi-stage pumped irrigation districts, these models are even more difficult to apply due to factors such as pump station start-up and shutdown combinations, canal system regulation coupling, and drastic water volume fluctuations. Even when the optimal solution is theoretically obtained, the actual operational logic of irrigation district management and the characteristics of personnel operations are not fully considered, resulting in poor operability and limited practical value, making it difficult to support the refined scheduling needs of modern pumped irrigation districts.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to study and develop a dynamic water distribution method and system applicable to multi-stage pumping irrigation areas, so as to provide a technical foundation for the construction of modern irrigation areas. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The first objective of this invention is to provide a dynamic water distribution method applicable to multi-stage pumping irrigation areas, which solves the problems that current canal system optimization water distribution methods are not suitable for the actual conditions of irrigation areas, cannot respond to dynamic needs, and are not applicable to pumping irrigation areas.

[0008] A second objective of this invention is to provide a dynamic water distribution system suitable for multi-stage pumping irrigation areas using the aforementioned dynamic water distribution method.

[0009] The first technical solution adopted in this invention is: a dynamic water distribution system suitable for multi-level pumping station irrigation areas, including a basic information input module, a basic data processing module, a database construction module, a model construction module, a model operation module, a water supply and demand change information input module, a fine-tuning model construction module, and a fine-tuning model operation module.

[0010] The invention is further characterized by: The basic information input module is used to collect basic data such as canal system topology, canal basic parameters, pump station basic parameters, and upstream water flow. The basic data processing module is used to set up nodes and divide shared flow ranges; set the minimum water demand unit and basic parameters of the pumping station; and select "irrigation preference" and "optimization objective". The database construction module is used to build the database table structure for a dynamic optimization water distribution model for a multi-level pumping station irrigation area. The model building module establishes communication connections with the basic information input module, the basic data processing module, and the database building module. It is used to build a dynamic optimization water distribution model for a multi-level pumping station irrigation area based on the information, the processed basic data, and the constructed database table structure. The model running module communicates with the model building module and is used to run the dynamic optimization water distribution model of the multi-level pumping station irrigation area to simulate the real-time dynamic water distribution process of the multi-level pumping station and the smallest water demand unit in the irrigation area. The water supply and demand change information input module is used to input the upstream inflow flow change value and the minimum water demand unit water demand change value; The fine-tuning model building module establishes a communication connection with the water supply and demand change information input module and the model running module to build a dynamic water distribution model based on the original scheme; The fine-tuning model running module communicates with the fine-tuning model building module and is used to run a dynamic optimization water distribution model of the multi-stage pumping station irrigation area based on the original scheme. It simulates the real-time dynamic water distribution process of the multi-stage pumping station and the smallest water demand unit in the irrigation area after the supply and demand of water changes during the operation of the original scheme.

[0011] The second technical solution adopted in this invention is: A dynamic water distribution method applicable to multi-stage pumping station irrigation areas, using the aforementioned dynamic water distribution system, is described below: S1. Collect basic data such as canal system topology, canal basic parameters, pump station basic parameters, and upstream water flow. S2. Set up nodes and divide the shared traffic range; S3. Set basic information such as minimum water demand unit, pumping station, node and shared flow range; S4. Set irrigation preferences; S5. Establish an initial pump station combination screening model; S6. Establish a simulation model of the irrigation process; S7. Simulate the irrigation process of the initial effective combination scheme of pump stations; S8. Set optimization goals and establish an optimal solution screening model; S9. Run the optimal solution screening model and output the irrigation simulation process chart of the optimal solution; S10. Establish a dynamic water distribution model based on the original scheme, and update the irrigation process simulation model according to changes in water supply and demand; S11. Set water supply and demand change information and run the dynamic water distribution model based on the original plan.

[0012] The invention is further characterized by: The specific method for S2 is as follows: S2.1 Setting up pump station nodes, adding virtual nodes and zero nodes: Set all pump stations in the irrigation area as pump station nodes; if there is a water branch between two pump station nodes, and there is a pump station node on the channel after the water branch, then add a virtual node after the water branch on the main channel; if there are no other pump station nodes after the pump station node, then add a zero node at the end of the main channel. S2.2. According to the pump station nodes, virtual nodes and zero nodes, the canal system is divided into multiple shared flow intervals, and further divided into level 1, level 2, level 3 and other multi-level shared flow intervals according to the topological relationship; S2.3 Set the initial priority of the shared flow interval. Set the initial priority in order of increasing priority according to the shared flow interval. The closer to the upstream, the higher the priority.

[0013] The specific method for S3 is as follows: S3.1 Determine the minimum water demand unit: Based on the management scope of users in the irrigation area, determine the minimum water demand unit, which can be the control range of a main canal, branch canal, tributary canal, or distribution canal, or the control range of a certain water outlet. S3.2. Set the basic information of the minimum water demand unit, and set fixed parameters and status parameters for each water demand unit; the fixed parameters include channel length, design flow rate, cross-sectional structure parameters, water demand, and default priority; the status parameters include: real-time irrigation flow rate, real-time priority, irrigation status, control position, water demand flow rate, start-up ratio, suitable ratio, maximum ratio, and remaining water demand; the parameter settings are combined with the following formula: Channel set: ; Channel parameter set: ; Minimum water demand unit set: ; Set of fixed parameters for the minimum water demand unit: ; Set of state parameters for the minimum water demand unit:

[0014] In the above formula, For channel length; Design traffic; These are the cross-sectional structural parameters; This refers to water demand; This is the default priority. Real-time irrigation flow rate; Real-time priority; In irrigation condition; To raise one's hand to block; This refers to the required water flow rate. This refers to the start-up irrigation ratio; For an appropriate ratio; The maximum proportion; This represents the remaining water demand. S3.3 Set the basic information of the pump station, including the unit configuration, working flow set, fixed parameters and real-time working flow of each pump station; the fixed parameters include the design net head and efficiency. Pump station collection: ; Pump station unit configuration: ; Pump station unit operating flow rate set: This represents the number of units j in the k-th combination; Pump station fixed parameters: , in, To design net head; For efficiency; Real-time operating flow rate of the pumping station: ; S3.4 Set basic node information, including node type, default priority, and position; Node set: ; For pump station nodes; It is a zero node; Virtual nodes; This is the water diversion node; Node attribute collection: ; ; This is the default priority. The node is in the channel The location of the station number on the ground; S3.5 Set the basic information of the shared flow range, including the channel where the range is located, upstream and downstream boundary nodes, range level, default priority, parent range, set of nodes inside the range, and set of the smallest water demand unit inside the range; Shared traffic range set: ; Shared traffic range attributes: , The channel where the interval is located; It is the upstream boundary node of the interval; This is the downstream boundary node of the interval; Other attributes of the shared traffic range: ; For interval levels; This is the default priority. The higher-level interval; The set of nodes within the interval; This represents the set of the smallest water demand units within the interval.

[0015] Irrigation preferences include: sequential irrigation preference, crop water requirement priority preference, end-of-pipe water use priority preference, start-up irrigation priority preference, end-of-pipe time interval equilibrium preference, high-flow-rate irrigation preference, and medium-to-low-flow-rate irrigation preference; the specific methods of S5 are as follows: Based on the tables of irrigation preferences, basic information of pumping stations, basic information of the smallest water demand unit, basic information of nodes, and basic information of shared flow intervals, the model of the initial effective combination of pumping station schemes is output, with the specific constraints as follows: Complete collection of pump station combinations: ,

[0016] Candidate pump station combinations:

[0017] Start / stop logic constraints:

[0018] Sequential irrigation constraints:

[0019] Interval flow constraints:

[0020] .

[0021] S6 is detailed below: Based on the user's selected "irrigation preference" and combined with basic information, construct the corresponding "raise hand function"; The hand-raising function, based on the real-time state scheduling decision mapping, outputs the hand-raising level and water demand flow of the minimum water demand unit. The mathematical expression of the hand-raising function is as follows:

[0022]

[0023]

[0024]

[0025]

[0026]

[0027]

[0028] The function for raising hands; t is the time interval; For irrigation preference parameters; The minimum water demand unit j is the hand-raising position during time period t; The water demand flow rate for the smallest water demand unit, time period jt; Let be the expected flow rate of the smallest water demand unit j in time period t; The actual flow rate of the smallest water demand unit j during time period t; The expected traffic ratio; Design flow rate for the smallest water demand unit j; For the hand-raising position scoring function; Channel order weights represent the weights given irrigation preferences. Below, the relative priority of channels in the default priority order; This is an ordinal fraction, with a value range of [0,1]. It follows the default priority, with earlier values ​​being larger. This is the priority weight for end-use water, used to reflect the priority of downstream or end-use areas in water intake competition; The terminal priority score ranges from [0,1], with the value increasing as it moves downstream. The priority weight for crop water demand indicates that water is supplied preferentially based on the degree of crop water shortage, water consumption indicators, etc. The water requirement of crops is denoted as [0,1], representing the degree of water demand of crops, i.e., the intensity of water stress. The priority weight for starting irrigation is specifically used to give priority points to water-requiring units that are waiting to be irrigated; Prioritize replenishing channels with low flow rates to achieve a "filling the gaps" effect. To maintain appropriate flow weight, channels in the "appropriate flow irrigation" state are given a certain priority to ensure their operational stability and reduce the number of frequent adjustments and operations. To suppress the weight of high traffic, channels in a "high traffic irrigation" state are given a lower or even punitive weight to avoid excessive resources being continuously allocated to units that have already met their needs. , , , These are status indicators for "awaiting irrigation", "low flow irrigation", "suitable flow irrigation", and "high flow irrigation", respectively, with values ​​ranging from [0,1]. The water allocation gap is dynamically weighted according to the "difference between expected flow and real-time flow (normalized)" to promote the allocation of resources towards units with insufficient water supply. To adjust priorities based on the remaining workload, the goal is to ensure that irrigation is completed as simultaneously as possible across all channels, reflecting the requirement of "balanced completion time intervals". , , These are the threshold values ​​for different hand-raising positions, set based on experience; The system will automatically adjust the weighting of the hand-raising score and the desired water supply ratio based on the combination of preferences, thereby realizing a dynamic decision-making strategy that adapts to both project needs and user wishes.

[0029] S7 specifically refers to performing the following steps when iterating through the initial effective combination schemes of pump stations: S7.1 Update the status parameters of the pumping station, minimum water demand unit, and shared flow range; S7.2 Calculate the "raise hand function" for each minimum water demand unit; S7.3. Allocate flow rates within the designated intervals and generate staged water distribution flow tables; S7.4, Simulation of the irrigation process; S7.5 Determine if any branch canal irrigation status has changed to irrigation end. If yes, the stage simulation ends and jumps to S6. If no, return to S4. S7.6, Irrigation flow record table during the generation stage; S7.7 Determine whether all branch canals are in the irrigation completed state. If yes, jump to S8; otherwise, return to S1. S7.8 Output irrigation flow record table for all stages.

[0030] The specific method for S8 is as follows: Based on the optimization objectives selected by the user, a corresponding optimization function is constructed. The optimization objectives include: shortest water distribution time, lowest energy consumption, lowest water transmission loss, and fewest operation times of electromechanical equipment. The optimization function for "shortest water distribution time" is as follows:

[0031]

[0032] Any of the alternative options; Let h be the start time of scheme h; Let h be the end time of scheme h; The optimization function for "lowest energy consumption" is as follows:

[0033] Let h be the total energy consumption of scheme; The density of water; It is the acceleration due to gravity; The working flow rate of pump station p during time period t; Let p be the head of the pump station; Let p be the efficiency of the pump station; Let t be the duration of time period t; P be the set of pump stations p; The optimization function for "minimizing water transfer loss" is as follows:

[0034] The total water transfer loss for scheme h; Let be the water transport loss of channel c in time period t; C is the set of channels.

[0035] The optimization function for "minimizing the number of operations on electromechanical equipment" is as follows:

[0036] The total number of operations for scheme h; This represents the on / off state of pump station p during time period t. This refers to the operating speed of pump station p during time period t.

[0037] The specific method for S11 is as follows: Based on the simulation results of the original irrigation scheme, the simulation results before the moment of change in water supply and demand are retained, and the irrigation process is re-simulated from that moment onwards, and the dynamically modified irrigation simulation results are output.

[0038] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) This invention is applicable to the dynamic water distribution method and system of multi-level pumping station irrigation area. By proposing the shared flow interval division technology, the hydraulic coupling relationship between pumping station and canal is clarified, which solves the problem of difficult coordination and scheduling under the tight constraints of multi-level pumping station operating conditions and canal flow. Combined with the actual management of irrigation area, a "raise hand function" mechanism is constructed to dynamically reflect the water distribution request of each smallest water demand unit, so as to realize the flexible expression and response to irrigation preferences. In response to the changes in supply and demand relationship during irrigation operation, the system supports rolling fine-tuning based on the original scheme, and quickly adjusts the water distribution strategy without disrupting the overall scheduling rhythm, so as to ensure stable and efficient operation. (2) The present invention is applicable to the dynamic water distribution method and system of pumping irrigation area with multi-level pumping station. It can effectively simulate the dynamic water distribution process under the complex canal system structure of pumping irrigation area and improve the practicality and execution of the scheduling scheme. Overall, the present invention enhances the intelligence, dynamism and refinement of water distribution management in pumping irrigation area and has good application value and promotion prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the dynamic water distribution method applicable to multi-stage pumping station irrigation areas according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the core model in the dynamic water distribution method applicable to multi-stage pumping station irrigation areas of this invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the irrigation district topology, nodes, and shared flow interval division in Embodiment 6 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the irrigation time distribution of each water-demand unit in Scheme 2 of Embodiment 6 of the present invention when the irrigation preference is "sequential irrigation + small and medium flow irrigation"; Figure 5This refers to the flow process lines of each water demand unit in Scheme 2 of Embodiment 6 of the present invention when the irrigation preference is "sequential irrigation + small and medium flow irrigation"; Figure 6 This is a distribution diagram of irrigation time for each water-demanding unit corresponding to the optimal solution in Embodiment 6 of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a distribution diagram of irrigation time for each branch canal after dynamically adjusting the water demand in Embodiment 6 of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0041] This invention is applicable to dynamic water distribution systems in multi-level pumping station irrigation areas, and includes a basic information input module, a basic data processing module, a database construction module, a model construction module, a model operation module, a water supply and demand change information input module, a fine-tuning model construction module, and a fine-tuning model operation module.

[0042] Furthermore, the basic information input module is used to collect basic data such as the canal system topology, basic canal parameters, basic pump station parameters, and upstream water flow. The basic data processing module is used to set up nodes and divide shared flow ranges; set the minimum water demand unit and basic parameters of the pumping station; and select "irrigation preference" and "optimization objective". The database construction module is used to build the database table structure for a dynamic optimization water distribution model for a multi-level pumping station irrigation area. The model building module establishes communication connections with the basic information input module, the basic data processing module, and the database building module. It is used to build a dynamic optimization water distribution model for a multi-level pumping station irrigation area based on the information, the processed basic data, and the constructed database table structure. The model running module communicates with the model building module and is used to run the dynamic optimization water distribution model of the multi-level pumping station irrigation area to simulate the real-time dynamic water distribution process of the multi-level pumping station and the smallest water demand unit in the irrigation area. The water supply and demand change information input module is used to input the upstream inflow flow change value and the minimum water demand unit water demand change value; The fine-tuning model building module establishes a communication connection with the water supply and demand change information input module and the model running module to build a dynamic water distribution model based on the original scheme; The fine-tuning model running module communicates with the fine-tuning model building module and is used to run a dynamic optimization water distribution model of the multi-stage pumping station irrigation area based on the original scheme. It simulates the real-time dynamic water distribution process of the multi-stage pumping station and the smallest water demand unit in the irrigation area after the supply and demand of water changes during the operation of the original scheme.

[0043] This invention is applicable to a dynamic water distribution method for multi-stage pumping station irrigation areas, using the aforementioned dynamic water distribution system, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the specific method is as follows: S1. Collect basic data such as canal system topology, canal basic parameters, pump station basic parameters, and upstream water flow. S2. Set up nodes and divide the shared traffic range; S2.1 Setting up pump station nodes, adding virtual nodes and zero nodes: Set all pump stations in the irrigation area as pump station nodes; if there is a water branch between two pump station nodes, and there is a pump station node on the channel after the water branch, then add a virtual node after the water branch on the main channel; if there are no other pump station nodes after the pump station node, then add a zero node at the end of the main channel. S2.2. According to the pump station nodes, virtual nodes and zero nodes, the canal system is divided into multiple shared flow intervals, and further divided into level 1, level 2, level 3 and other multi-level shared flow intervals according to the topological relationship; S2.3 Set the initial priority of the shared flow interval. Set the initial priority in order of increasing priority according to the shared flow interval. The closer to the upstream, the higher the priority.

[0044] S3. Set basic information such as minimum water demand unit, pumping station, node and shared flow range; S4. Set irrigation preferences; where irrigation preferences include: sequential irrigation preference, crop water requirement priority preference, end-of-pipe water use priority preference, start-up irrigation priority preference, end-of-pipe time interval balance preference, high-flow irrigation preference, and medium-low-flow irrigation preference. S5. Establish an initial pump station combination screening model; S6. Establish a simulation model of the irrigation process; S7. Simulate the irrigation process of the initial effective combination scheme of pump stations; S8. Set optimization goals and establish an optimal solution screening model; S9. Run the optimal solution screening model and output the irrigation simulation process chart of the optimal solution; S10. Establish a dynamic water distribution model based on the original scheme, and update the irrigation process simulation model according to changes in water supply and demand; S11. Set the water supply and demand change information, run the dynamic water distribution model based on the original scheme, specifically: combine the simulation results of the original irrigation scheme, retain the simulation results before the time of water supply and demand change, re-simulate the irrigation process from the time after that time, and output the dynamically modified irrigation simulation results.

[0045] This invention provides a dynamic water distribution method for multi-stage pumping station irrigation areas, which effectively simulates the dynamic water distribution process under the complex canal system structure of pumping irrigation areas. Through the shared flow interval division technology and the "raise hand function" mechanism, it realizes the flexible expression and response to irrigation preferences, and supports rolling fine-tuning based on the original scheme under the condition of water supply and demand changes, ensuring stable and efficient operation.

[0046] Example 1 This invention is applicable to a dynamic water distribution method for multi-stage pumping station irrigation areas. The specific method of S3 is as follows: S3.1 Determine the minimum water demand unit: Based on the management scope of users in the irrigation area, determine the minimum water demand unit, which can be the control range of a main canal, branch canal, tributary canal, or distribution canal, or the control range of a certain water outlet. S3.2 Set the basic information of the minimum water demand unit, and set fixed parameters and status parameters for each water demand unit; the fixed parameters include channel length, design flow rate, cross-sectional structure parameters, water demand, and default priority; the status parameters include: real-time irrigation flow rate, real-time priority, irrigation status, control position, water demand flow rate, start-up ratio, suitable ratio, maximum ratio, and remaining water demand; the parameter settings are combined with the following formula: Channel aggregation: ; Channel parameter set: ; Minimum water demand unit set: ; Set of fixed parameters for the minimum water demand unit: ; Set of state parameters for the minimum water demand unit:

[0047] In the above formula, For channel length; Design traffic; These are the cross-sectional structural parameters; This refers to water demand; This is the default priority. Real-time irrigation flow rate; Real-time priority; In irrigation condition; To raise one's hand to block; This refers to the required water flow rate. This refers to the start-up irrigation ratio; For an appropriate ratio; The maximum proportion; This represents the remaining water demand. S3.3 Set the basic information of the pump station, including the unit configuration, working flow set, fixed parameters and real-time working flow of each pump station; the fixed parameters include the design net head and efficiency. Pump station collection: ; Pump station unit configuration: ; Pump station unit operating flow rate set: This represents the number of units j in the k-th combination; Pump station fixed parameters: , in, To design net head; For efficiency; Real-time operating flow rate of the pumping station: ; S3.4 Set basic node information, including node type, default priority, and position; Node set: ; For pump station nodes; It is a zero node; Virtual nodes; This is the water diversion node; Node attribute collection: ; ; This is the default priority. The node is in the channel The location of the station number on the ground; S3.5 Set the basic information of the shared flow range, including the channel where the range is located, upstream and downstream boundary nodes, range level, default priority, parent range, set of nodes inside the range, and set of the smallest water demand unit inside the range; Shared traffic range set: ; Shared traffic range attributes: , The channel where the interval is located; It is the upstream boundary node of the interval; This is the downstream boundary node of the interval; Other attributes of the shared traffic range: ; For interval levels; This is the default priority. The higher-level interval; The set of nodes within the interval; This represents the set of the smallest water demand units within the interval.

[0048] Example 2 This invention is applicable to a dynamic water distribution method for multi-stage pumping station irrigation areas. The specific method of S5 is as follows: Based on the tables of irrigation preferences, basic information of pumping stations, basic information of the smallest water demand unit, basic information of nodes, and basic information of shared flow intervals, the model of the initial effective combination of pumping station schemes is output, with the specific constraints as follows: Complete collection of pump station combinations: ,

[0049] Candidate pump station combinations:

[0050] Start / stop logic constraints:

[0051] Sequential irrigation constraints:

[0052] Interval flow constraints:

[0053] .

[0054] Example 3 This invention is applicable to a dynamic water distribution method for multi-stage pumping station irrigation areas. The specific method of S6 is as follows: Based on the user's selected "irrigation preference" and combined with basic information, construct the corresponding "raise hand function"; Irrigation preferences include, but are not limited to, the following types: Sequential irrigation preference: Water is started and supplied in sequence according to the preset channel order, ensuring the organization and controllability of the scheduling process.

[0055] Crop water requirement priority preference: Dynamically increase the priority of corresponding irrigation areas according to the degree of crop water shortage or water demand to improve agricultural production efficiency.

[0056] End-point water use priority: Give higher priority to areas downstream of the irrigation area or at the end of the water transmission line to ensure fairness in water supply and reliability of end-point water supply.

[0057] Priority irrigation start-up: Prioritize the scheduling of channels that are waiting to be irrigated to achieve balanced irrigation start-up and avoid long-term water shortages.

[0058] End-time interval equilibrium preference: Promote irrigation through all channels as simultaneously as possible.

[0059] High-flow irrigation preference: Set the desired water supply flow rate to 80% of the design flow rate.

[0060] Small to medium flow irrigation preference: Set the expected water supply flow rate to 55% of the design flow rate.

[0061] The above preferences can be selected individually or combined. The system will automatically adjust the weight of the hand-raising score and the expected water supply ratio according to the preference combination, thereby realizing a dynamic decision-making strategy that conforms to the needs of the project and the wishes of the users.

[0062] The hand-raising function, based on the real-time state scheduling decision mapping, outputs the hand-raising level and water demand flow of the minimum water demand unit. The mathematical expression of the hand-raising function is as follows:

[0063]

[0064]

[0065]

[0066]

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] The function for raising hands; t is the time interval; For irrigation preference parameters; The minimum water demand unit j is the hand-raising position during time period t; The water demand flow rate for the smallest water demand unit, time period jt; Let be the expected flow rate of the smallest water demand unit j in time period t; The actual flow rate of the smallest water demand unit j during time period t; The expected traffic ratio; Design flow rate for the smallest water demand unit j; For the hand-raising position scoring function; Channel order weights represent the weights given irrigation preferences. Below, the relative priority of channels in the default priority order; This is an ordinal fraction, with a value range of [0,1]. It follows the default priority, with earlier values ​​being larger. This is the priority weight for end-use water, used to reflect the priority of downstream or end-use areas in water intake competition; The terminal priority score ranges from [0,1], with the value increasing as it moves downstream. The priority weight for crop water demand indicates that water is supplied preferentially based on the degree of crop water shortage, water consumption indicators, etc. The water requirement of crops is denoted as [0,1], representing the degree of water demand of crops, i.e., the intensity of water stress. The priority weight for starting irrigation is specifically used to give priority points to water-requiring units that are waiting to be irrigated; Prioritize replenishing channels with low flow rates to achieve a "filling the gaps" effect. To maintain appropriate flow weight, channels in the "appropriate flow irrigation" state are given a certain priority to ensure their operational stability and reduce the number of frequent adjustments and operations. To suppress the weight of high traffic, channels in a "high traffic irrigation" state are given a lower or even punitive weight to avoid excessive resources being continuously allocated to units that have already met their needs. , , , These are status indicators for "awaiting irrigation", "low flow irrigation", "suitable flow irrigation", and "high flow irrigation", respectively, with values ​​ranging from [0,1]. The water allocation gap is dynamically weighted according to the "difference between expected flow and real-time flow (normalized)" to promote the allocation of resources towards units with insufficient water supply. To adjust priorities based on the remaining workload, the goal is to ensure that irrigation is completed as simultaneously as possible across all channels, reflecting the requirement of "balanced completion time intervals". , , These are the threshold values ​​for different hand-raising positions, set based on experience; The system will automatically adjust the weighting of the hand-raising score and the desired water supply ratio based on the combination of preferences, thereby realizing a dynamic decision-making strategy that adapts to both project needs and user wishes.

[0070] Example 4 This invention applies to a dynamic water distribution method for multi-stage pumping irrigation areas. S7 specifically refers to traversing and executing the following steps for each effective combination of initial pumping stations: S7.1 Update the status parameters of the pumping station, minimum water demand unit, and shared flow range; S7.2 Calculate the "raise hand function" for each minimum water demand unit; S7.3. Allocate flow rates within the designated intervals and generate staged water distribution flow tables; S7.4, Simulation of the irrigation process; S7.5 Determine if any branch canal irrigation status has changed to irrigation end. If yes, the stage simulation ends and jumps to S6. If no, return to S4. S7.6, Irrigation flow record table during the generation stage; S7.7 Determine whether all branch canals are in the irrigation completed state. If yes, jump to S8; otherwise, return to S1. S7.8 Output irrigation flow record table for all stages.

[0071] Example 5 This invention is applicable to a dynamic water distribution method for multi-stage pumping station irrigation areas. The specific method of S8 is as follows: Based on the optimization objectives selected by the user, a corresponding optimization function is constructed. The optimization objectives include: shortest water distribution time, lowest energy consumption, lowest water transmission loss, and fewest operation times of electromechanical equipment. The optimization function for "shortest water distribution time" is as follows:

[0072]

[0073] Any of the alternative options; Let h be the start time of scheme h; Let h be the end time of scheme h; The optimization function for "lowest energy consumption" is as follows:

[0074] Let h be the total energy consumption of scheme; The density of water; It is the acceleration due to gravity; The working flow rate of pump station p during time period t; Let p be the head of the pump station; Let p be the efficiency of the pump station; Let t be the duration of time period t; P be the set of pump stations p; The optimization function for "minimizing water transfer loss" is as follows:

[0075] The total water transfer loss for scheme h; Let be the water transport loss of channel c in time period t; C is the set of channels.

[0076] The optimization function for "minimizing the number of operations on electromechanical equipment" is as follows:

[0077] The total number of operations for scheme h; This represents the on / off state of pump station p during time period t. This refers to the operating speed of pump station p during time period t.

[0078] Example 6 This invention provides a real-time dynamic water distribution method for multi-level canals in irrigation districts, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Overview of the Study Area The Donglei Yellow River Irrigation District is located in eastern Guanzhong Plain, north of the Wei River, south of Huanglong Mountain and Qiao Mountain, and between the Shichuan River and the Yellow River. The district extends from the banks of the Yellow River in the east to Fuping County in the west, bordering the Jiaokou-Wei River and Luohui Canal irrigation districts in the south, and reaching the banks of the Xushui Canal in the north. It encompasses six counties (districts): Heyang, Chengcheng, Dali, Pucheng, Fuping, and Linwei. Its coordinates are 109°10′–110°22′ east longitude and 34°41′–35°14′ north latitude, with a north-south length of 57 km and an east-west width of approximately 110 km. The Donglei Yellow River Pumping Irrigation Area was constructed in two phases. Construction of Phase I began in August 1975, comprising four irrigation systems (Donglei, Xinmin, Wuniu, and Jiaxi) and the Xinmintan and Chaoyitan irrigation and drainage systems, with a designed irrigation area of ​​1.02 million mu (approximately 68,000 hectares). Construction of Phase II began in July 1990, comprising six pumping irrigation systems (Duanjiayuan, Sunzhen, Pucheng, Xingzhen, Liuqu, and Liuji) and the Beigan gravity-flow system, with a designed irrigation area of ​​855,000 mu (approximately 50,333 hectares), and supplementary irrigation areas of 410,000 mu (approximately 24,000 hectares) at Luohui and Jiaokou. The total designed irrigation area for Phase II is 1.265 million mu (approximately 84,667 hectares). The Liuqu pumping irrigation system of Phase II is selected as a specific example, hereinafter referred to as the Liuqu system.

[0079] The Liuqu system has a five-level canal system: main canals, branch canals, distribution canals, farm canals, and field canals. This example does not consider the water distribution flow of the distribution canals, farm canals, and field canals; it only calculates the water distribution flow of the main canals and branch canals. The system includes 6 pumping stations: Sanhe Level 4 Station, Nanguo Level 5 Station, Huazhu Level 6 Station, Wangliao Level 6 Station, Liuqu Level 6 Station, and Kangjialou Level 7 Station; 3 main canals: Liuqu Main Canal, Huazhu Main Canal, and Wangliao Main Canal; and 13 branch canals: East Branch 1, West Branch 1, East Branch 2, West Branch 2, West Branch 3, Huazhu East Branch, Huazhu West Branch, Wangliao East Branch, Wangliao West Branch, East Branch 3, West Branch 4, East Branch 4, and West Branch 5. The Liuqu Main Canal draws water from the North Main Canal through the Sanhe Level 4 Pumping Station, the Huazhu Level 6 Station draws water from the West Branch 2, and the Wangliao Level 6 Station draws water from the Liuqu Main Canal. The topological relationships of the pumping stations, main canals, and branch canals in the Liuqu system are shown in the figure. Figure 3 .

[0080] Step 2: Building the Model Step 2.1: Shared Traffic Range Segmentation This step divides the meandering system into different levels of shared flow intervals based on the topological relationship between pump stations and the canal system. Because the flow distribution in the branch canals is constrained by the operating flow of adjacent pump stations, the meandering system is divided into four Level 1 shared intervals according to the locations of the six pump stations and the branch canal topology. Interval 2 is further divided into four Level 2 shared intervals. For Level 2 interval 2, it is further divided into two Level 3 shared intervals (named 2-2-1 and 2-2-2), and each interval is named. See Table 1 for details.

[0081] Table 1. Shared Interval Division Table

[0082] Step 2.2: Construct the start and end nodes of the interval This step defines the start and end nodes of each interval based on the shared flow interval segmentation results. Nodes include pump station nodes, virtual nodes, and zero nodes. Details of the start and end nodes for each interval are shown in Table 2, and the locations of virtual nodes are indicated below. Figure 3 .

[0083] Table 2 Node Details

[0084] Step 2.3: Initial Priority Setting for Shared Traffic Ranges This step sets the initial priority for shared traffic intervals, determined as follows: First, determine the priority of Level 1 shared traffic intervals, setting them from closest to furthest from the three-in-one and four-level stations, with higher priority for closer intervals; next, set the priority of Level 2 shared traffic intervals, setting them from closest to furthest from the starting point of the interval, with higher priority for closer intervals; and so on, setting the priority of Level 3 shared traffic intervals. See Table 3 for the detailed setting results.

[0085] Table 3 Initial Priority of Shared Traffic Range

[0086] Step 2.4: Determine the minimum water demand unit This method uses different levels of water demand units to indicate their needs, therefore, this step requires defining the smallest water demand unit. This example constructs a dynamic optimization water distribution model for the Liuqu system, simulating the water distribution process of six pumping stations (including the Sanhe-Siji station) pumping water to the Liuqu main canal and 13 branch canals. Therefore, the smallest water demand units corresponding to the Liuqu system include 13 units: East Branch 1, West Branch 1, East Second Branch, West Second Branch, West Third Branch, Huazhu East Branch, Huazhu West Branch, Wangliao East Branch, Wangliao West Branch, East Third Branch, West Fourth Branch, East Fourth Branch, and West Fifth Branch.

[0087] Step 2.5: Setting Water Demand Unit Parameters This step sets the initial priority, water demand, design flow rate, channel length, and zone name for each water demand unit. The settings results are shown in Table 4.

[0088] Table 4. Parameters of Minimum Water Demand Unit

[0089] Step 2.6: Setting Basic Parameters for the Pump Station This step sets the unit configuration for each pumping station, including unit composition, single unit flow rate, design net head, and operating efficiency, as detailed in Table 5.

[0090] Table 5 Basic Parameters of Pumping Station

[0091] Step 2.7: Select "Irrigation Preference" as sequential irrigation; Step 2.8: Select the "optimization objective" as the shortest water distribution time, the lowest energy consumption, and the lowest total water transmission loss; Step 3: Generate an optimized water distribution plan for the canal system Step 31: Run the "Initial Pumping Station Combination Screening" model Input the operating flow rate of the Sanhe-Fourth-Level Pumping Station. This flow rate is determined by the inflow from the North Main Canal and the scheduling plan of the superior management unit. In this example, it is set to 1.6 m³ / s, meaning that the Sanhe-Fourth-Level Pumping Station operates two units, each with an operating flow rate of 0.8 m³ / s. Run the "Initial Pumping Station Combination Screening" module. Using an "exhaustive search + greedy algorithm," three effective pumping station combination schemes are output, as detailed in Table 6.

[0092] Table 6. Details of Effective Combination Schemes for Initial Pumping Stations

[0093] Step 3.2: Run the "Interval Flow Allocation Based on Hand-Raising Mechanism" module The n initial effective combination schemes of pump stations generated in step 3.1 are combined in pairs with the m “irrigation preferences” selected by the user in step 27 to construct n*m alternative schemes. The “interval flow allocation based on the hand-raising mechanism” module is run on all alternative schemes. This module simulates the canal system water distribution process of all alternative schemes according to the initial pump station combination and irrigation preference, and outputs the water distribution process of each water demand unit of all alternative schemes, including the irrigation time distribution map of each water demand unit and the flow process line of each water demand unit.

[0094] Figure 4 and Figure 5 The figures are the irrigation time distribution diagrams and flow process lines of each water demand unit when the irrigation preference is "sequential irrigation + small and medium flow irrigation" in Scheme 2 of Table 6.

[0095] Step 3.3: Run the "Optimization Scheme Screening" model The simulation results of water allocation for all alternative schemes are evaluated using optimization indicators. The evaluation analysis table for all alternative schemes, along with the irrigation time distribution diagram and flow process curve for each water demand unit corresponding to the optimal scheme, are output. In this example, the operating flow rate of the three-in-one, four-stage water distribution station is selected as 3.2 m³ / s. 3 The optimization objective is to minimize the water distribution time, and the irrigation preference is "sequential irrigation + small to medium flow irrigation" is illustrated in Table 7, which is the evaluation and analysis table of the alternative schemes. Figure 6 This is a distribution diagram of irrigation time for each water-demand unit corresponding to the optimal solution.

[0096] Table 7 Evaluation and Analysis of Alternative Solutions

[0097] Step 4: Dynamically adjust the plan during water distribution. Step 4.1: Input supply and demand changes Input the updated water demand value for the minimum water demand unit and the updated operating flow value for the three-level four-stage stations. In this example, the water demand of the East Third Branch was reduced to 266245.57 m³ after 300 hours of operation. 3 .

[0098] Step 4.2: Run the "Dynamic Modification of Water Distribution Plan" module Based on the current operating plan and changes in input supply and demand, the "Dynamic Modification of Water Distribution Plan" module is run to generate a revised scheduling plan. Figure 7 This is a distribution diagram of irrigation time for each branch canal after dynamically adjusting water demand.

Claims

1. A dynamic water distribution system suitable for multi-stage pumping station irrigation areas, characterized in that, It includes a basic information input module, a basic data processing module, a database construction module, a model construction module, a model operation module, a water supply and demand change information input module, a fine-tuning model construction module, and a fine-tuning model operation module.

2. The dynamic water distribution system applicable to multi-stage pumping station irrigation areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The basic information input module is used to collect basic data such as canal system topology, canal basic parameters, pump station basic parameters, and upstream water flow. The basic data processing module is used to set up nodes and divide shared flow intervals; set the minimum water demand unit and basic parameters of the pumping station; and select "irrigation preference" and "optimization target". The database construction module is used to construct the database table structure of the dynamic optimization water distribution model for the irrigation area of ​​the multi-level pumping station. The model building module establishes a communication connection with the basic information input module, the basic data processing module, and the database building module, and is used to build a dynamic optimization water distribution model for a multi-level pumping station irrigation area based on the information, the processed basic data, and the constructed database table structure. The model running module is connected to the model building module and is used to run the dynamic optimization water distribution model of the multi-level pumping station irrigation area to simulate the real-time dynamic water distribution process of the multi-level pumping station and the smallest water demand unit in the irrigation area. The water supply and demand change information input module is used to input the upstream inflow flow change value and the minimum water demand unit water demand change value; The fine-tuning model construction module establishes a communication connection with the water supply and demand change information input module and the model operation module to construct a dynamic water distribution model based on the original scheme. The fine-tuning model operation module is communicatively connected to the fine-tuning model construction module. It is used to run a dynamic optimization water distribution model for the irrigation area based on the original scheme, and to simulate the real-time dynamic water distribution process of the multi-level pumping stations and the smallest water demand unit in the irrigation area after the supply and demand of water changes during the operation of the original scheme.

3. A dynamic water distribution method applicable to multi-stage pumping station irrigation areas, characterized in that, The dynamic water distribution system as described in claim 1 is used as follows: S1. Collect basic data such as canal system topology, canal basic parameters, pump station basic parameters, and upstream water flow. S2. Set up nodes and divide the shared traffic range; S3. Set basic information such as minimum water demand unit, pumping station, node and shared flow range; S4. Set irrigation preferences; S5. Establish an initial pump station combination screening model; S6. Establish a simulation model of the irrigation process; S7. Simulate the irrigation process of the initial effective combination scheme of pump stations; S8. Set optimization goals and establish an optimal solution screening model; S9. Run the optimal solution screening model and output the irrigation simulation process chart of the optimal solution; S10. Establish a dynamic water distribution model based on the original scheme, and update the irrigation process simulation model according to changes in water supply and demand; S11. Set water supply and demand change information and run the dynamic water distribution model based on the original plan.

4. The dynamic water distribution method applicable to multi-stage pumping station irrigation areas according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specific method of S2 is as follows: S2.1 Setting up pump station nodes, adding virtual nodes and zero nodes: Set all pump stations in the irrigation area as pump station nodes; if there is a water branch between two pump station nodes, and there is a pump station node on the channel after the water branch, then add a virtual node after the water branch on the main channel; if there are no other pump station nodes after the pump station node, then add a zero node at the end of the main channel. S2.

2. According to the pump station nodes, virtual nodes and zero nodes, the canal system is divided into multiple shared flow intervals, and further divided into level 1, level 2, level 3 and other multi-level shared flow intervals according to the topological relationship; S2.3 Set the initial priority of the shared flow interval. Set the initial priority in order of increasing priority according to the shared flow interval. The closer to the upstream, the higher the priority.

5. The dynamic water distribution method applicable to multi-stage pumping station irrigation areas according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specific method of S3 is as follows: S3.1 Determine the minimum water demand unit: Based on the management scope of users in the irrigation area, determine the minimum water demand unit, which can be the control range of a main canal, branch canal, tributary canal, or distribution canal, or the control range of a certain water outlet. S3.2 Set the basic information of the minimum water demand unit, and set fixed parameters and status parameters for each water demand unit; The fixed parameters include channel length, design flow rate, cross-sectional structural parameters, water demand, and default priority; the status parameters include: real-time irrigation flow rate, real-time priority, irrigation status, control position, water demand, start-up ratio, suitable ratio, maximum ratio, and remaining water demand; parameter settings are combined with the following formulas: Channel aggregation: ; Channel parameter set: ; Minimum water demand unit set: ; Set of fixed parameters for the minimum water demand unit: ; Set of state parameters for the minimum water demand unit: In the above formula, For channel length; Design traffic; These are the cross-sectional structural parameters; This refers to water demand; This is the default priority. Real-time irrigation flow rate; Real-time priority; In irrigation condition; To raise one's hand to block; This is the required water flow rate; This refers to the start-up irrigation ratio; For an appropriate ratio; The maximum proportion; This represents the remaining water demand. S3.3 Set the basic information of the pump station, including the unit configuration, working flow set, fixed parameters and real-time working flow of each pump station; the fixed parameters include the design net head and efficiency. Pump station collection: ; Pump station unit configuration: ; Pump station unit operating flow rate set: This represents the number of units j in the k-th combination; Pump station fixed parameters: , in, To design net head; For efficiency; Real-time operating flow rate of the pumping station: ; S3.4 Set basic node information, including node type, default priority, and position; Node set: ; For pump station nodes; It is a zero node; Virtual nodes; This is the water diversion node; Node attribute collection: ; ； This is the default priority. The node is in the channel The location of the station number on the ground; S3.5 Set the basic information of the shared flow range, including the channel where the range is located, upstream and downstream boundary nodes, range level, default priority, parent range, set of nodes inside the range, and set of the smallest water demand unit inside the range; Shared traffic range set: ; Shared traffic range attributes: , The channel where the interval is located; It is the upstream boundary node of the interval; This is the downstream boundary node of the interval; Other attributes of the shared traffic range: ; For interval levels; This is the default priority. The higher-level interval; The set of nodes within the interval; This represents the set of the smallest water demand units within the interval.

6. The dynamic water distribution method applicable to multi-stage pumping station irrigation areas according to claim 3, characterized in that, The irrigation preferences include: sequential irrigation preference, crop water requirement priority preference, end-of-pipe water use priority preference, start-up irrigation priority preference, end-of-pipe time interval equilibrium preference, high-flow-rate irrigation preference, and medium-low-flow-rate irrigation preference; the specific method of S5 is as follows: Based on the tables of irrigation preferences, basic information of pumping stations, basic information of the smallest water demand unit, basic information of nodes, and basic information of shared flow intervals, the model of the initial effective combination of pumping station schemes is output, with the specific constraints as follows: Complete collection of pump station combinations: , Candidate pump station combinations: Start / stop logic constraints: Sequential irrigation constraints: Interval flow constraints: 。 7. The dynamic water distribution method applicable to multi-stage pumping station irrigation areas according to claim 3, characterized in that, S6 is specifically as follows: Based on the user's selected "irrigation preference" and combined with basic information, construct the corresponding "raise hand function"; The hand-raising function, based on the real-time state scheduling decision mapping, outputs the hand-raising level and water demand flow of the minimum water demand unit. The mathematical expression of the hand-raising function is as follows: The function for raising hands; t is the time interval; For irrigation preference parameters; The minimum water demand unit j is the hand-raising position during time period t; The water demand flow rate for the smallest water demand unit, time period jt; Let be the expected flow rate of the smallest water demand unit j in time period t; The actual flow rate of the smallest water demand unit j during time period t; The expected traffic ratio; Design flow rate for minimum water demand unit j; For the hand-raising position scoring function; Channel order weights represent the weights given irrigation preferences. Below, the relative priority of channels in the default priority order; This is an ordinal fraction, with a value range of [0,1]. It follows the default priority, with earlier values ​​being larger. This is the priority weight for end-use water, used to reflect the priority of downstream or end-use areas in water intake competition; The terminal priority score ranges from [0,1], with the value increasing as it moves downstream. The priority weight for crop water demand indicates that water is supplied preferentially based on the degree of crop water shortage, water consumption indicators, etc. The water requirement of crops is denoted as [0,1], representing the degree of water demand of crops, i.e., the intensity of water stress. The priority weight for starting irrigation is specifically used to give priority points to water-requiring units that are waiting to be irrigated; Prioritize replenishing channels with low flow rates to achieve a "filling the gaps" effect. To maintain appropriate flow weight, channels in the "appropriate flow irrigation" state are given a certain priority to ensure their operational stability and reduce the number of frequent adjustments and operations. To suppress the weight of high traffic, channels in the "high traffic irrigation" state are given lower or even punitive weights to avoid excessive resources being continuously allocated to units that have already met their needs. , , , , which are status indicators for "awaiting irrigation", "low flow irrigation", "appropriate flow irrigation" and "high flow irrigation", respectively, with a value range of [0,1]. The water allocation gap is dynamically weighted according to the "difference between expected flow and real-time flow" to promote resource allocation towards units with insufficient water supply. To adjust priorities based on the remaining workload, the goal is to ensure that irrigation is completed as simultaneously as possible across all channels, reflecting the requirement of "balanced completion time intervals". , , These are the threshold values ​​for different hand-raising positions, set based on experience; The system will automatically adjust the weighting of the hand-raising score and the desired water supply ratio based on the combination of preferences, thereby realizing a dynamic decision-making strategy that adapts to both project needs and user wishes.

8. The dynamic water distribution method applicable to multi-stage pumping station irrigation areas according to claim 3, characterized in that, S7 specifically refers to performing the following steps when iterating through the initial effective combination schemes of pump stations: S7.1 Update the status parameters of the pumping station, minimum water demand unit, and shared flow range; S7.2 Calculate the "raise hand function" for each minimum water demand unit; S7.

3. Allocate flow rates within the designated intervals and generate staged water distribution flow tables; S7.4, Simulation of the irrigation process; S7.5 Determine if any branch canal irrigation status has changed to irrigation end. If yes, the stage simulation ends and jumps to S6. If no, return to S4. S7.6, Irrigation flow record table during the generation stage; S7.7 Determine whether all branch canals are in the irrigation completed state. If yes, jump to S8; otherwise, return to S1. S7.8 Output irrigation flow record table for all stages.

9. The dynamic water distribution method applicable to multi-stage pumping station irrigation areas according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specific method of S8 is as follows: Based on the optimization objectives selected by the user, a corresponding optimization function is constructed. The optimization objectives include: shortest water distribution time, lowest energy consumption, lowest water transmission loss, and fewest mechanical and electrical equipment operations. The optimization function for "shortest water distribution time" is as follows: Any of the alternative options; Let h be the start time of scheme h; Let h be the end time of scheme h; The optimization function for "lowest energy consumption" is as follows: Let h be the total energy consumption of scheme; The density of water; It is the acceleration due to gravity; The working flow rate of pump station p during time period t; Let p be the head of the pump station; Let p be the efficiency of the pump station; Let t be the duration of time period t; P be the set of pump stations p; The optimization function for "minimizing water transfer loss" is as follows: The total water transfer loss for scheme h; Let C be the water transport loss of channel c in time period t; C is the set of channels. The optimization function for "minimizing the number of operations on electromechanical equipment" is as follows: The total number of operations for scheme h; This represents the on / off state of pump station p during time period t; This refers to the operating speed of pump station p during time period t.

10. The dynamic water distribution method applicable to multi-stage pumping station irrigation areas according to claim 3, characterized in that, The specific method of S11 is as follows: Based on the simulation results of the original irrigation scheme, the simulation results before the moment of change in water supply and demand are retained, and the irrigation process is re-simulated from that moment onwards, and the dynamically modified irrigation simulation results are output.

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