Random access response generation method, uplink transmission time adjustment method and device

Abstract

The invention provides a random access response generation method and an uplink transmission time adjustment method and device, which are applied to the technical field of communication, and the random access response generation method comprises the following steps: receiving a random access preamble sent by a terminal, and carrying out time delay estimation on the random access preamble to obtain a measurement time delay value; a random access response is generated according to the measured time delay value, the random access response carries a timing advance field, the timing advance field comprises a time delay border-crossing identification part and a time delay numerical value part, the time delay border-crossing identification part is used for indicating the selected time delay representation mode, and the time delay numerical value part is used for indicating the selected time delay representation mode; the time delay numerical value part is used for bearing quantization time delay values determined according to time delay representation modes, different time delay representation modes correspond to different time delay quantization precision and time delay representation ranges, and the time delay numerical value part supports time delays representing a positive value and a negative value at the same time; and sending the random access response to the terminal.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and more specifically, to a method for generating a random access response, a method for adjusting uplink transmission time, and an apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] In 5G-based wireless communication networks, terminals and base stations must synchronize their time for normal communication. In existing technologies, terminals achieve this synchronization through a random access procedure. During this process, the base station uses a fixed number of bits to represent the uplink time offset, and the representation method is a direct decimal-to-binary conversion. This representation is applicable to terrestrial communication networks, but in high-latency scenarios such as non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) (e.g., satellite communication, high-altitude platform communication), if the delay of the Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH) signal after delay pre-compensation is significant, the terminal will be unable to access the network. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a method for generating a random access response, a method and apparatus for adjusting uplink transmission time, in order to solve the technical problem in the prior art that if the delay of the PRACH signal after delay pre-compensation is large, the terminal will be unable to access the network.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a method for generating a random access response, applied to a base station, comprising: receiving a random access preamble sent by a terminal, and performing a delay estimation on the random access preamble to obtain a measured delay value; generating a random access response based on the measured delay value, wherein the random access response carries a timing advance field, the timing advance field including a delay out-of-bounds flag and a delay value, the delay out-of-bounds flag indicating a selected delay representation mode, the delay value carrying a quantized delay value determined according to the delay representation mode, different delay representation modes corresponding to different delay quantization precision and delay representation range, and the delay value supporting simultaneous representation of positive and negative delay values; and sending the random access response to the terminal.

[0005] In the above scheme, by designing the structure of the delay out-of-bounds flag and the delay value portion in the timing advance field, on the one hand, the delay value portion supports the simultaneous representation of positive and negative delays, enabling the base station to accurately transmit the negative delay caused by delay pre-compensation errors to the terminal; on the other hand, by using different delay representation modes to correspond to different delay quantization precision and delay representation ranges, the system can dynamically adapt to different delay conditions. Therefore, by achieving high-precision adjustment within a small range to meet access requirements, and achieving wide coverage within a large range to capture large initial delay deviations, the system's access success rate and robustness under scenarios with large delay variations are significantly improved.

[0006] In an optional implementation, generating a random access response based on the measured delay value includes: selecting the delay representation mode based on the measured delay value; quantizing the measured delay value into the quantized delay value according to the delay representation mode; filling the identification information corresponding to the delay representation mode into the delay out-of-bounds identification part, and filling the quantized delay value into the delay value part to generate the random access response. In the above scheme, by first selecting the delay representation mode based on the measured delay value, then quantizing according to the delay representation mode, and finally filling in the corresponding part, the logical rigor and efficiency of the signaling generation process are ensured. This allows the base station to flexibly and accurately construct signaling, ensuring a strict correspondence between the delay out-of-bounds identification part and the delay value part quantized according to a specific mode, providing a reliable basis for the terminal to correctly parse and execute adjustments.

[0007] In an optional implementation, the latency representation mode includes a low-latency mode and a high-latency mode. The latency quantization accuracy of the low-latency mode is higher than that of the high-latency mode, while the latency representation range of the low-latency mode is smaller than that of the high-latency mode. In the above scheme, by clearly defining the complementary design of the two modes in terms of accuracy and range, optimal allocation of system resources is achieved. The low-latency mode, with its high accuracy, ensures that the terminal can successfully perform subsequent data transmission after completing fine-tuning, while the high-latency mode, with its wide range, ensures that preliminary, directional latency correction can be performed when the initial access deviation is extremely large, creating conditions for subsequent fine-tuning.

[0008] In an optional implementation, selecting the delay representation mode based on the measured delay value includes: determining whether the absolute value of the measured delay value is greater than a delay threshold; if the absolute value of the measured delay value is greater than the delay threshold, then selecting the large delay mode; otherwise, selecting the small delay mode. In the above scheme, by comparing the absolute value of the quantized delay value with the delay threshold, it is possible to reliably distinguish whether the current delay state is within a normal range or an abnormally large range, thereby intelligently triggering the most suitable signaling mode. This avoids unnecessary accuracy loss in the case of small delays and prevents instruction failure due to improper mode selection in the case of large delays.

[0009] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide an uplink transmission time adjustment method applied to a terminal, comprising: receiving a random access response sent by a base station, wherein the random access response carries a timing advance field, the timing advance field including a delay out-of-bounds flag and a delay value, the delay out-of-bounds flag indicating the selected delay representation mode, the delay value carrying a quantized delay value determined according to the delay representation mode, different delay representation modes corresponding to different delay quantization precision and delay representation range, and the delay value supporting simultaneous representation of positive and negative delay values; parsing the random access response to obtain the delay representation mode and the corresponding timing advance; and adjusting the uplink transmission time according to the timing advance.

[0010] In the above scheme, the terminal is able to accurately understand and respond to the new timing advance command issued by the base station, which includes dual modes. By parsing the delay out-of-bounds flag, the terminal can determine the current delay representation mode and then interpret the delay value using the correct rules. Regardless of whether it is positive or negative, or whether the precision is high or low, it can obtain an effective timing advance. This allows the terminal to obtain effective adjustment instructions even in high-latency scenarios, with significant initial timing offsets or delay pre-compensation errors, laying the foundation for successful network access.

[0011] In an optional implementation, parsing the random access response to obtain the delay representation mode and the corresponding timing advance includes: parsing the delay out-of-bounds flag portion of the random access response to determine the delay representation mode selected by the base station; and parsing the timing advance from the delay value portion of the random access response according to the delay representation mode. In the above scheme, by parsing the flag first and then parsing the value according to the flag, the correctness of the terminal's understanding of the signaling is ensured. This parsing logic enables the terminal to adaptively process signaling in two different modes, effectively preventing adjustment errors caused by misreading the quantized delay value and ensuring the reliability of the entire delay adjustment process.

[0012] In an optional implementation, the latency representation mode includes a low latency mode and a high latency mode. The latency quantization accuracy of the low latency mode is higher than that of the high latency mode, and the latency representation range of the low latency mode is smaller than that of the high latency mode. In the above scheme, when in low latency mode, the terminal knows that its latency has entered a state where high-precision adjustment and normal access are possible; when in high latency mode, the terminal knows that the current adjustment is a large-scale, preliminary calibration. This understanding is a key prerequisite for the terminal to subsequently execute the correct process.

[0013] In an optional implementation, if the selected latency representation mode is the low-latency mode, after adjusting the uplink transmission time according to the timing advance, the method further includes: executing a cell access procedure. In the above scheme, by directly executing the cell access procedure in the low-latency mode, the access process is made more efficient. Once the terminal determines that it has entered a high-precision low-latency mode, it indicates that its uplink timing has met the accuracy requirements for normal communication, and subsequent message interaction can be performed immediately, thereby minimizing access latency and improving user experience.

[0014] In an optional implementation, if the selected delay representation mode is the large delay mode, after adjusting the uplink transmission time according to the timing advance, the method further includes: retransmitting the random access preamble in the transmission window of the next physical random access channel. In the above scheme, by triggering an iterative process in the large delay mode, a stable and reliable delay convergence mechanism is constructed. The terminal will not rashly attempt subsequent access after a rough delay adjustment, but will retransmit the random access preamble to obtain more precise instructions. This effectively avoids access failure when timing is not precisely synchronized. Through multiple iterations, the timing deviation is gradually reduced to the range of the small delay mode, ultimately ensuring the success and stability of access.

[0015] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a random access response generation apparatus applied to a base station, comprising: a first receiving module, configured to receive a random access preamble sent by a terminal and perform delay estimation on the random access preamble to obtain a measured delay value; a generation module, configured to generate a random access response based on the measured delay value, wherein the random access response carries a timing advance field, the timing advance field including a delay out-of-bounds flag and a delay value, the delay out-of-bounds flag indicating the selected delay representation mode, the delay value carrying a quantized delay value determined according to the delay representation mode, different delay representation modes corresponding to different delay quantization precision and delay representation range, and the delay value supporting simultaneous representation of positive and negative delay values; and a sending module, configured to send the random access response to the terminal.

[0016] In the above scheme, by designing the structure of the delay out-of-bounds flag and the delay value portion in the timing advance field, on the one hand, the delay value portion supports the simultaneous representation of positive and negative delays, enabling the base station to accurately transmit the negative delay caused by delay pre-compensation errors to the terminal; on the other hand, by using different delay representation modes to correspond to different delay quantization precision and delay representation ranges, the system can dynamically adapt to different delay conditions. Therefore, by achieving high-precision adjustment within a small range to meet access requirements, and achieving wide coverage within a large range to capture large initial delay deviations, the system's access success rate and robustness under scenarios with large delay variations are significantly improved.

[0017] In an optional implementation, the generation module is specifically used to: select the delay representation mode according to the measured delay value; quantize the measured delay value into the quantized delay value according to the delay representation mode; fill the identification information corresponding to the delay representation mode into the delay out-of-bounds identification part, and fill the quantized delay value into the delay value part to generate the random access response. In the above scheme, by first selecting the mode according to the measured delay value, then quantizing according to the mode, and finally filling in the corresponding part, the logical rigor and efficiency of the signaling generation process are ensured, thereby enabling the base station to flexibly and accurately construct signaling, ensuring a strict correspondence between the delay out-of-bounds identification part and the delay value part quantized according to the specific mode, and providing a reliable basis for the terminal to correctly parse and execute adjustments.

[0018] In an optional implementation, the latency representation mode includes a low-latency mode and a high-latency mode. The latency quantization accuracy of the low-latency mode is higher than that of the high-latency mode, while the latency representation range of the low-latency mode is smaller than that of the high-latency mode. In the above scheme, by clearly defining the complementary design of the two modes in terms of accuracy and range, optimal allocation of system resources is achieved. The low-latency mode, with its high accuracy, ensures that the terminal can successfully perform subsequent data transmission after completing fine-tuning, while the high-latency mode, with its wide range, ensures that preliminary, directional latency correction can be performed when the initial access deviation is extremely large, creating conditions for subsequent fine-tuning.

[0019] In an optional implementation, the generation module is further configured to: determine whether the absolute value of the measured delay value is greater than a delay threshold; if the absolute value of the measured delay value is greater than the delay threshold, then select the large delay mode; otherwise, select the small delay mode. In the above scheme, by comparing the absolute value of the quantized delay value with the delay threshold, it is possible to reliably distinguish whether the current delay state is within the normal range or an abnormally large range, thereby intelligently triggering the most suitable signaling mode. This avoids unnecessary accuracy loss in the case of small delays and prevents instruction failure due to improper mode selection in the case of large delays.

[0020] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide an uplink transmission time adjustment device applied to a terminal, comprising: a second receiving module, configured to receive a random access response sent by a base station, wherein the random access response carries a timing advance field, the timing advance field including a delay out-of-bounds flag and a delay value, the delay out-of-bounds flag indicating the selected delay representation mode, the delay value carrying a quantized delay value determined according to the delay representation mode, different delay representation modes corresponding to different delay quantization precision and delay representation range, and the delay value supporting simultaneous representation of positive and negative delay values; a parsing module, configured to parse the random access response to obtain the delay representation mode and the corresponding timing advance; and an adjustment module, configured to adjust the uplink transmission time according to the timing advance.

[0021] In the above scheme, the terminal is able to accurately understand and respond to the new timing advance command issued by the base station, which includes dual modes. By parsing the delay out-of-bounds flag, the terminal can determine the current delay representation mode and then interpret the delay value using the correct rules. Regardless of whether it is positive or negative, or whether the precision is high or low, it can obtain an effective timing advance. This allows the terminal to obtain effective adjustment instructions even in high-latency scenarios, with significant initial timing offsets or delay pre-compensation errors, laying the foundation for successful network access.

[0022] In an optional implementation, the parsing module is specifically used to: parse the delay out-of-bounds flag portion of the random access response to determine the delay representation mode selected by the base station; and parse the timing advance from the delay value portion of the random access response according to the delay representation mode. In the above scheme, by parsing the flag first and then parsing the value according to the flag, the correctness of the terminal's understanding of the signaling is ensured. This parsing logic enables the terminal to adaptively process signaling in two different modes, effectively preventing adjustment errors caused by misreading the quantized delay value and ensuring the reliability of the entire delay adjustment process.

[0023] In an optional implementation, the latency representation mode includes a low latency mode and a high latency mode. The latency quantization accuracy of the low latency mode is higher than that of the high latency mode, and the latency representation range of the low latency mode is smaller than that of the high latency mode. In the above scheme, when in low latency mode, the terminal knows that its latency has entered a state where high-precision adjustment and normal access are possible; when in high latency mode, the terminal knows that the current adjustment is a large-scale, preliminary calibration. This understanding is a key prerequisite for the terminal to subsequently execute the correct process.

[0024] In an optional implementation, if the selected latency representation mode is the low-latency mode, the uplink transmission time adjustment device further includes: a first execution module, used to execute the cell access procedure. In the above scheme, by directly executing the cell access procedure in the low-latency mode, the access process is made more efficient. Once the terminal determines that it has entered the high-precision low-latency mode, it indicates that its uplink timing has met the accuracy requirements for normal communication, and subsequent message interaction can be performed immediately, thereby minimizing access latency and improving user experience.

[0025] In an optional implementation, if the selected delay representation mode is the large delay mode, the uplink transmission time adjustment device further includes: a second execution module, used to retransmit the random access preamble in the transmission window of the next physical random access channel. In the above scheme, a stable and reliable delay convergence mechanism is constructed by triggering an iterative process in the large delay mode. The terminal will not rashly attempt subsequent access after a rough delay adjustment, but will retransmit the random access preamble to obtain more precise instructions. This effectively avoids access failure when timing is not precisely synchronized. Through multiple iterations, the timing deviation is gradually reduced to the range of the small delay mode, ultimately ensuring the success and stability of access.

[0026] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product, including computer program instructions, which, when read and executed by a processor, perform the random access response generation method as described in the first aspect or the uplink transmission time adjustment method as described in the second aspect.

[0027] In a sixth aspect, embodiments of this application provide an electronic device, including: a processor, a memory, and a bus; the processor and the memory communicate with each other via the bus; the memory stores computer program instructions executable by the processor, and the processor can execute the computer program instructions to perform a random access response generation method as described in the first aspect or an uplink transmission time adjustment method as described in the second aspect.

[0028] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing computer program instructions. When the computer program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer causes the computer to perform the random access response generation method as described in the first aspect or the uplink transmission time adjustment method as described in the second aspect.

[0029] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, embodiments of this application are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This application provides a flowchart of a method for generating a random access response. Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a method for adjusting uplink transmission time in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 A structural block diagram of a random access response generation device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 A structural block diagram of an uplink transmission time adjustment device provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a structural block diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0032] In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, " / " means "or," for example, A / B can mean A or B. The "and / or" in this document is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, and B alone. Furthermore, "at least one" means one or more, and "multiple" means two or more. The terms "first," "second," etc., do not limit the quantity or order of execution, and "first," "second," etc., do not necessarily imply differences.

[0033] It should be noted that, in this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0034] Before describing the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the communication system of the embodiments of this application will first be described. The communication system provided in the embodiments of this application includes an access device and a terminal. In the specific implementation of the embodiments of this application, the terminal can be a computer, smartphone, telephone, cable TV set-top box, digital subscriber line router, etc. The access device can be one of a terrestrial base station, a high-altitude base station, a low-Earth orbit satellite, a medium-Earth orbit satellite, or a high-Earth orbit satellite. It should be noted that in practical applications, the number of access devices and terminals can be one or more, and this application does not limit this.

[0035] The aforementioned communication systems can be applied to Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems or New Radio (NR) systems (also known as 5th Generation (5G) systems), LTE and NR hybrid networking systems, Vehicle to Everything (V2X) systems, Device-to-Device (D2D) systems, Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication systems, Internet of Things (IoT) systems (such as Narrow Band Internet of Things (NB-IoT) systems), 6G systems and other systems evolving after 5G, as well as other next-generation communication systems. Alternatively, the communication system can also be an Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN or ORAN), a Cloud Radio Access Network (CRAN), or a Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) system, without limitation.

[0036] Furthermore, the access equipment can be used to support terminal access. For example, it can be ground-based equipment such as Base Transceiver Stations (BTS) and Base Station Controllers (BSCs) in 2G access technology communication systems, Node Bs (RNCs) and Radio Network Controllers (RNCs) in 3G access technology communication systems, Evolved Node Bs (eNBs) in 4G access technology communication systems, Next Generation Node Bs (gNBs), Transmission Reception Points (TRPs), Relay Nodes, and Access Points (APs) in 5G access technology communication systems. It can also be non-ground-based equipment: high-altitude base stations, such as hot air balloons that provide wireless access functionality to terminals, low-Earth orbit satellites, medium-Earth orbit satellites, high-Earth orbit satellites, etc. For ease of description, in all embodiments of this application, the device providing wireless communication functionality to the terminal is collectively referred to as a base station.

[0037] A terminal can be a device that provides voice or data connectivity to a user, and may also be referred to as a mobile station, subscriber unit, station, or terminal equipment (TE). Terminals can be cellular phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs), modems, handheld devices, laptop computers, cordless phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, tablets, etc. With the development of wireless communication technology, any device that can access a communication system, communicate with the network side of the communication system, or communicate with other objects through the communication system can be a terminal in the embodiments of this application. Examples include terminals and vehicles in intelligent transportation systems, home appliances in smart homes, electricity meter reading instruments, voltage monitoring instruments, environmental monitoring instruments in smart grids, video surveillance instruments in smart security networks, cash registers, etc. In the embodiments of this application, the terminal can communicate with a base station. Multiple terminals can also communicate with each other. The terminal can be static or mobile.

[0038] Furthermore, the "protocol" mentioned in the embodiments of this application can refer to standard protocols in the field of communications, such as LTE protocols, NR protocols, and related protocols applied in future communication systems (e.g., 6G communication systems). The embodiments of this application do not limit this. The communication architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of this application are for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art will understand that with the evolution of communication architectures and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0039] In the aforementioned process of the prior art, the base station uses a fixed number of bits to represent the uplink time offset, and the representation method is to directly convert decimal to binary. For example, in 3GPP 38.213 (Release 17), the Random Access Response (RAR) Timing Advance (TA) uses 12 bits to represent the delay of 0, 1, 2, ..., 3846 units of time for the terminal to transmit the uplink PRACH signal.

[0040] In terrestrial networks, because the coverage area of ​​base stations is relatively small (often not exceeding 10km), the air interface delay between base stations and terminals is also relatively small. When terminals transmit PRACH signals, they do not need to perform delay pre-compensation (that is, transmit PRACH in advance to offset air interface delay). Therefore, the delay of PRACH signals received by base stations is always positive (the delay is positive when the signal arrives later than the predetermined time, and negative when it arrives earlier). This also requires that the range of PRACH delay estimation be greater than the round-trip air interface delay.

[0041] In high-latency wireless communication scenarios (e.g., NTN), the distance between the base station and the terminal is large (reaching hundreds to thousands of kilometers), resulting in a round-trip air interface delay far exceeding the range that the PRACH signal can represent. Therefore, in NTN systems, the terminal needs to perform delay pre-compensation based on the base station's location and motion information when transmitting the PRACH signal. However, since ephemeris information often has errors, the PRACH delay after pre-compensation can be either positive or negative, and the absolute value of the delay can be very large.

[0042] Based on the above analysis, the existing RAR TA has the following drawbacks: 1. Because it cannot represent negative latency, if the PRACH arrives at the base station earlier after latency pre-compensation, the existing RAR TA cannot correctly transmit the latency value; 2. Because the range of latency values ​​is limited, if the PRACH latency is large after latency pre-compensation, the existing RAR TA cannot correctly transmit the latency value. The inability to correctly transmit the latency value indicates that the error between the latency value represented by RAR TA and the actual value exceeds the system's allowable range, at which point the terminal will be unable to access the network.

[0043] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide a method for generating a random access response and a method for adjusting the uplink transmission time. By using a new signaling structure for the random access response and a terminal uplink delay adjustment method, the problem that the terminal cannot access the network when the pre-compensation error for random access delay is large in the high-latency wireless communication scenario is solved.

[0044] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This application provides a flowchart of a method for generating a random access response. This method can be executed by a base station, or by components of the base station, such as a processor, chip, chip system, or circuit. It can also be implemented by a logic module or software capable of performing all or part of the base station's functions. The following description uses the method executed by a base station as an example. Specifically, this method may include: S101: Receive the random access preamble sent by the receiving terminal and estimate the delay of the random access preamble to obtain the measured delay value.

[0046] S102: Generate a random access response based on the measured delay value. The random access response carries a timing advance field, which includes a delay out-of-bounds flag and a delay value. The delay out-of-bounds flag indicates the selected delay representation mode, and the delay value carries the quantized delay value determined according to the delay representation mode. Different delay representation modes correspond to different delay quantization precision and delay representation range, and the delay value supports representing both positive and negative delay values ​​simultaneously.

[0047] S103: Send a random access response to the terminal.

[0048] Specifically, in S101 above, the base station can continuously monitor random access opportunities on the uplink channel. When the terminal needs to access the network, it can send a random access preamble. The random access preamble is a specific signal sequence known to the base station that is sent by the terminal during the random access process. It is used to initiate an access request to the base station and help the base station estimate the transmission delay.

[0049] After the base station identifies the aforementioned random access preamble using a correlation detection algorithm, it can invoke a delay estimation algorithm (e.g., a correlation detection algorithm based on cyclic prefixes, a delay estimation model, etc.) to analyze the arrival time of the random access preamble, thereby calculating the measured delay value. The measured delay value is a high-precision, continuous delay value estimated by the base station using a signal processing algorithm after receiving the random access preamble; this value reflects the actual propagation delay of the signal from the terminal to the base station and may be positive (signal arrives late) or negative (signal arrives early).

[0050] In S102 above, the base station can generate a corresponding random access response based on the measured delay value. The random access response is a response message sent by the base station to the terminal after detecting the random access preamble. In 5G or NR systems, the random access response is a key message in the random access procedure, sent by the base station through the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) or the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH). It typically includes a timing advance command, uplink grant resource allocation, and a temporary terminal identifier, used to establish initial connection synchronization between the terminal and the base station.

[0051] The random access response carries a timing advance field, which is a signaling field in the random access response specifically used to carry time synchronization adjustment information. In this embodiment, the timing advance field includes a delay out-of-bounds flag and a delay value.

[0052] The delay out-of-bounds flag indicates the selected delay representation mode. This part can be carried by one or more specific bits (e.g., "00" for one delay representation mode, "11" for another), a specific data structure (e.g., a flag bit in a specific byte), or a specific data value. The delay representation mode refers to the delay quantization and transmission rules selected by the base station based on the measured delay value. Different delay representation modes correspond to different delay quantization precision and delay representation ranges.

[0053] The latency value section carries the quantized latency value determined according to the latency representation mode. The specific value of this section needs to be interpreted in conjunction with the mode indicated by the latency out-of-bounds flag section. It should be noted that the latency value section supports representing both positive and negative latency values ​​simultaneously. The quantized latency value is the integer value obtained by mapping continuous measured latency values ​​to a discrete set of values ​​according to the quantization rules of the selected latency representation mode. Its positive or negative attribute is consistent with the measured latency value, and its value range is limited to the latency representation range of the current mode. It is used to fill the latency value section of the timing advance field; it can be understood that this value is the basis for the terminal to ultimately adjust its uplink transmission time.

[0054] In S103 above, the base station can encapsulate the generated timing advance field along with other necessary information into a random access response message and send it to the terminal via PDSCH.

[0055] In the above scheme, by designing the structure of the delay out-of-bounds flag and the delay value portion in the timing advance field, on the one hand, the delay value portion supports the simultaneous representation of positive and negative delays, enabling the base station to accurately transmit the negative delay caused by delay pre-compensation errors to the terminal; on the other hand, by using different delay representation modes to correspond to different delay quantization precision and delay representation ranges, the system can dynamically adapt to different delay conditions. Therefore, by achieving high-precision adjustment within a small range to meet access requirements, and achieving wide coverage within a large range to capture large initial delay deviations, the system's access success rate and robustness under scenarios with large delay variations are significantly improved.

[0056] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, S102 may specifically include: S201: Select the delay representation mode based on the measured delay value.

[0057] S202: Quantize the measured delay value into a quantized delay value according to the delay representation mode.

[0058] S203: Fill the identification information corresponding to the delay representation mode into the delay out-of-bounds identification part, and fill the quantized delay value into the delay value part to generate a random access response.

[0059] Specifically, in S201 above, the base station can read the magnitude and sign of the measurement delay value and determine the mode based on the current scenario: the measurement delay value in the ground scenario is usually small, so the small delay mode can be selected; the measurement delay value in the non-ground scenario is usually large, so the large delay mode can be selected.

[0060] In step S202 above, the measured delay value can be quantized according to the quantization rule corresponding to the selected delay representation mode, thereby obtaining the corresponding quantized delay value. For example, in the small delay mode, quantization can be performed using rounding based on a quantization step of 1 unit time: such as a measured delay value of +25.3 units of time, quantized as +25 units of time, and a measured delay value of -10.6 units of time, quantized as -11 units of time; in the large delay mode, quantization can be performed based on a quantization step of 5 units of time: such as a measured delay value of +1003 units of time, quantized as +1000 units of time, and a measured delay value of -807 units of time, quantized as -805 units of time.

[0061] In the above S203, the timing advance field is filled in, the identifier of the selected delay representation mode is filled into the delay out-of-bounds identifier part, the quantized delay value (including the sign bit) is converted into binary and filled into the delay value part, and finally the complete timing advance field is generated and integrated into the random access response.

[0062] In the above scheme, by first selecting the delay representation mode based on the measured delay value, then quantizing according to the delay representation mode, and finally filling in the corresponding part, the logical rigor and efficiency of the signaling generation process are ensured. This enables the base station to flexibly and accurately construct signaling, ensuring a strict correspondence between the delay out-of-bounds flag and the delay value quantized according to the specific mode, providing a reliable foundation for the terminal to correctly parse and execute adjustments.

[0063] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, the latency representation modes include a low latency mode and a high latency mode. The latency quantization accuracy of the low latency mode is higher than that of the high latency mode, and the latency representation range of the low latency mode is smaller than that of the high latency mode.

[0064] Specifically, the delay representation mode is the delay quantization and transmission rule that the base station can select based on the measured delay value. It can include a small delay mode and a large delay mode. The two modes differ in delay quantization accuracy (unit quantization step size) and delay representation range (the range of absolute delay values ​​that can be covered) to adapt to different scenario requirements.

[0065] It should be noted that this application does not limit the specific representation method of the delay value in the low-delay mode, but it must satisfy the requirement that the delay value can represent both positive and negative delays, and that the delay representation accuracy meets the requirements of subsequent cell access procedures. After the specific representation method is determined, the maximum absolute delay value that the delay value in the low-delay mode can represent can be obtained. Similarly, this application does not limit the specific representation of the delay value in the large delay mode, but it must satisfy the requirement that the delay value can represent both positive and negative delays, and that the minimum absolute value of the delay represented by the delay value in the large delay mode is greater than [missing value]. Less than ,in, This represents the absolute value of the maximum delay.

[0066] For example, the latency out-of-range indicator can use a 1-bit identifier, where "0" represents low latency mode and "1" represents high latency mode. The latency value can support positive and negative representation (the highest bit is the sign bit), using 10 bits (including the sign bit) in low latency mode and 14 bits (including the sign bit) in high latency mode. For instance, in a ground scenario, if the measured latency is +25μs, and the low latency mode is selected, the latency out-of-range indicator is "0", and the latency value is represented by 10 bits as "0000110010" (sign bit "0" and value "50"). In a non-ground scenario, if the measured latency is +1000 units of time, the high latency mode is selected, the latency out-of-range indicator is "1", and the latency value is represented by 14 bits as "00000111110100" (sign bit "0" and value "1000").

[0067] In the above scheme, the absolute value of latency that the large latency mode can represent must be greater than a small proportion (e.g., one-tenth) of the maximum absolute value that the small latency mode can represent. This avoids excessive quantization errors caused by switching to the lower-precision large latency mode when the latency value just exceeds the small latency range, thus ensuring the smoothness of mode switching. Simultaneously, the maximum latency range that the large latency mode can represent is much larger than the maximum range of the small latency mode (e.g., more than ten times), allowing it to fully cover the huge latency deviations that the latter cannot handle. In this scheme, the terminal can gradually converge the latency to the level of the small latency's fine-tunable range, thereby achieving reliable correction of ultra-large latency deviations and ensuring a high access success rate.

[0068] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, S201 may specifically include: S301: Determine whether the absolute value of the measured delay value is greater than the delay threshold.

[0069] S302: If the absolute value of the measured delay is greater than the delay threshold, select the large delay mode; otherwise, select the small delay mode.

[0070] In this application embodiment, the selection of the delay threshold can be related to the maximum representable capability of the low-delay mode. To ensure that the quantized delay value falls within its representable range after the base station selects a low-delay mode, the delay threshold can be set to be no greater than the maximum representable absolute value. Optionally, the delay threshold can be equal to or slightly less than the maximum representable absolute value (e.g., 80% to 100% of this value) to reserve a certain safety margin during mode judgment, preventing the delay that can be represented by the usable low-delay mode from being misjudged as a high-delay mode due to measurement or quantization errors. For example, the delay threshold is 500 units of time.

[0071] In the above scheme, by comparing the absolute value of the quantized delay value with the delay threshold, it is possible to reliably identify whether the current delay state is within the normal range or an abnormally large range, thereby intelligently triggering the most suitable signaling mode. This avoids unnecessary accuracy loss in the case of small delay and prevents instruction failure due to improper mode selection in the case of large delay.

[0072] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This application provides a flowchart of an uplink transmission time adjustment method according to an embodiment of the present application. This method can be executed by a terminal, or by components of the terminal, such as the terminal's processor, chip, chip system, or circuitry. It can also be implemented by a logic module or software capable of performing all or part of the terminal's functions. The following description uses the method executed by a terminal as an example. Specifically, this method may include: S401: Receive a random access response sent by the base station. The random access response carries a timing advance field, which includes a delay out-of-bounds flag and a delay value. The delay out-of-bounds flag indicates the selected delay representation mode, and the delay value carries the quantized delay value determined according to the delay representation mode. Different delay representation modes correspond to different delay quantization precision and delay representation range, and the delay value supports representing both positive and negative delay values ​​simultaneously.

[0073] S402: Parse the random access response to obtain the delay representation mode and the corresponding timing advance.

[0074] S403: Adjust the uplink transmission time according to the timing advance.

[0075] Specifically, when a terminal needs to access the network, it can send a random access preamble. The random access preamble is a specific signal sequence known to the base station that the terminal sends during the random access process. It is used to initiate an access request to the base station and help the base station estimate the transmission delay.

[0076] In S401 above, after the base station identifies the random access preamble using a relevant detection algorithm, it can generate a corresponding random access response. The random access response is a message sent by the base station to the terminal after detecting the random access preamble. In 5G or NR systems, the random access response is a key message in the random access procedure, sent by the base station via PDCCH or PDSCH. It typically includes a timing advance command, uplink grant resource allocation, and a temporary terminal identifier, used to establish initial connection synchronization between the terminal and the base station.

[0077] The random access response carries a timing advance field, which is a signaling field in the random access response specifically used to carry time synchronization adjustment information. In this embodiment, the timing advance field includes a delay out-of-bounds flag and a delay value.

[0078] The delay out-of-bounds flag indicates the selected delay representation mode. This part can be carried by one or more specific bits (e.g., "00" for one delay representation mode, "11" for another), a specific data structure (e.g., a flag bit in a specific byte), or a specific data value. The delay representation mode refers to the delay quantization and transmission rules selected by the base station based on the measured delay value. Different delay representation modes correspond to different delay quantization precision and delay representation ranges.

[0079] The latency value section carries the quantized latency value determined according to the latency representation mode. The specific value of this section needs to be interpreted in conjunction with the mode indicated by the latency out-of-bounds flag section. It should be noted that the latency value section supports representing both positive and negative latency values ​​simultaneously. The quantized latency value is the integer value obtained by mapping continuous measured latency values ​​to a discrete set of values ​​according to the quantization rules of the selected latency representation mode. Its positive or negative attribute is consistent with the measured latency value, and its value range is limited to the latency representation range of the current mode. It is used to fill the latency value section of the timing advance field; it can be understood that this value is the basis for the terminal to ultimately adjust its uplink transmission time.

[0080] In step S402 above, the terminal receives the random access response sent by the base station and parses the timing advance field from it. The terminal can first read the delay out-of-bounds flag, and then parse the delay value according to the parsing rules corresponding to the mode to obtain the timing advance. For example, in low-delay mode, the terminal knows that this value corresponds to a high-precision delay value within a small range; in high-delay mode, the terminal knows that this value corresponds to a low-precision delay value within a wider range.

[0081] In S403 above, the terminal can adjust the transmission time of subsequent uplink signals according to the sign and magnitude of the timing advance. For example, a positive timing advance (e.g., +50 units of time) means that the terminal needs to delay transmitting the uplink signal by 50 units of time to compensate for the delay in the signal arriving at the base station; a negative timing advance (e.g., -20 units of time) means that the terminal needs to transmit the uplink signal 20 units of time earlier to compensate for the delay in the signal arriving at the base station earlier.

[0082] In the above scheme, the terminal is able to accurately understand and respond to the new timing advance command issued by the base station, which includes dual modes. By parsing the delay out-of-bounds flag, the terminal can determine the current delay representation mode and then interpret the delay value using the correct rules. Regardless of whether it is positive or negative, or whether the precision is high or low, it can obtain an effective timing advance. This allows the terminal to obtain effective adjustment instructions even in high-latency scenarios, with significant initial timing offsets or delay pre-compensation errors, laying the foundation for successful network access.

[0083] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, S402 may specifically include: S501: Parse the delay out-of-bounds flag in the random access response to determine the delay representation mode selected by the base station.

[0084] S502: Extract the timing advance from the timing advance portion of the random access response based on the timing advance representation pattern.

[0085] In the above scheme, the correctness of the terminal's understanding of the signaling is ensured by parsing the identifier first and then parsing the value according to the identifier. This parsing logic enables the terminal to adaptively process two different modes of signaling, effectively preventing adjustment errors caused by misreading the quantized delay value and ensuring the reliability of the entire delay adjustment process.

[0086] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, the latency representation modes include a low latency mode and a high latency mode. The latency quantization accuracy of the low latency mode is higher than that of the high latency mode, and the latency representation range of the low latency mode is smaller than that of the high latency mode.

[0087] Specifically, the delay representation mode is the delay quantization and transmission rule that the base station can select based on the measured delay value. It can include a small delay mode and a large delay mode. The two modes differ in delay quantization accuracy (unit quantization step size) and delay representation range (the range of absolute delay values ​​that can be covered) to adapt to different scenario requirements.

[0088] It should be noted that this application does not limit the specific representation method of the delay value in the low-delay mode, but it must satisfy the requirement that the delay value can represent both positive and negative delays, and that the delay representation accuracy meets the requirements of subsequent cell access procedures. After the specific representation method is determined, the maximum absolute delay value that the delay value in the low-delay mode can represent can be obtained. Similarly, this application does not limit the specific representation of the delay value in the large delay mode, but it must satisfy the requirement that the delay value can represent both positive and negative delays, and that the minimum absolute value of the delay represented by the delay value in the large delay mode is greater than [missing value]. Less than ,in, This represents the absolute value of the maximum delay.

[0089] For example, the latency out-of-range indicator can use a 1-bit identifier, where "0" represents low latency mode and "1" represents high latency mode. The latency value can support positive and negative representation (the highest bit is the sign bit), using 10 bits (including the sign bit) in low latency mode and 14 bits (including the sign bit) in high latency mode. For instance, in a ground scenario, if the measured latency is +25μs, and the low latency mode is selected, the latency out-of-range indicator is "0", and the latency value is represented by 10 bits as "0000110010" (sign bit "0" and value "50"). In a non-ground scenario, if the measured latency is +1000 units of time, the high latency mode is selected, the latency out-of-range indicator is "1", and the latency value is represented by 14 bits as "00000111110100" (sign bit "0" and value "1000").

[0090] In the above scheme, when in low-latency mode, the terminal knows that its latency has entered a state where it can be adjusted with high precision and access normally; when in high-latency mode, the terminal knows that the current adjustment is a large-scale, preliminary calibration. This understanding is a key prerequisite for the terminal to execute the correct process subsequently.

[0091] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, if the selected delay representation mode is a low delay mode, after S403 above, the uplink transmission time adjustment method provided in this application embodiment may further include: S601: Execute the cell access procedure.

[0092] Specifically, when the delay representation mode is hourly delay mode, the terminal adjusts the uplink signal transmission time according to the delay value represented by the numerical delay portion of the hourly delay mode and continues to complete the subsequent cell access process according to existing technology. For example, the terminal can send a Radio Resource Control (RRC) connection request at the adjusted uplink transmission time. After receiving the request, the base station sends back RRC connection establishment signaling, and the terminal completes access and enters normal communication state. This process does not require retransmission of the random access preamble because the timing advance accuracy of the hourly delay mode meets the access requirements.

[0093] In the above scheme, the access process is made more efficient by directly executing the cell access procedure in hourly delay mode. Once the terminal determines that it has entered the high-precision hourly delay mode, it means that its uplink timing has met the accuracy requirements of normal communication, and subsequent message interaction can be carried out immediately, thereby minimizing access latency and improving user experience.

[0094] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, if the selected delay representation mode is a large delay mode, after S403 above, the uplink transmission time adjustment method provided in this application embodiment may further include: S701: Retransmit the random access preamble in the next physical random access channel transmission window.

[0095] Specifically, when the latency representation mode is large latency mode, the terminal adjusts the uplink signal transmission time according to the latency value represented by the latency value part of the large latency mode and transmits the random access signal in the next PRACH transmission window. Then it waits for the random access response from the base station and repeats the above S401-S403 until it enters the low latency mode, and then enters the subsequent process corresponding to the low latency mode.

[0096] In the above scheme, a stable and reliable latency convergence mechanism is constructed by triggering an iterative process in the high latency mode. The terminal will not rashly attempt subsequent access after a rough latency adjustment, but will resend a random access preamble to obtain more precise instructions. This effectively avoids access failure when timing is not precisely synchronized. Through multiple iterations, the timing deviation is gradually reduced to the range of the low latency mode, ultimately ensuring the success and stability of the access.

[0097] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of this application have the following advantages: 1. Can represent negative latency: In long-distance wireless communication scenarios, the terminal needs to perform latency pre-compensation before transmitting the PRACH signal. In this case, the error of latency pre-compensation is random, meaning that the PRACH latency may be negative. Existing technical solutions can only represent positive latency, while the embodiments of this application can represent negative latency, which is more suitable for long-distance wireless communication scenarios.

[0098] 2. It can represent a larger delay range: If the terminal's delay pre-compensation error is large, the PRACH signal received by the base station will have a significant delay, potentially exceeding the representation range of existing technologies, which may lead to the terminal being unable to access the network. This application's embodiments introduce a large delay mode in the random access adjustment signaling, which can represent a larger delay range and overcome the aforementioned problems of existing technologies.

[0099] 3. Controllable latency representation error ensures access performance: This embodiment adds a latency out-of-bounds flag to the random access response to distinguish between large latency mode and small latency mode. In large latency mode, the latency quantization error is large and therefore cannot meet the cell access requirements. Therefore, after receiving the random access response, the terminal only adjusts the latency and does not continue the subsequent cell access process according to existing technology. In large latency mode, the terminal repeatedly executes a cycle of transmitting PRACH signals, adjusting the uplink latency according to the large latency mode, and retransmitting PRACH signals. After successfully entering small latency mode, it then continues the subsequent cell access process according to existing technology. Because the latency representation accuracy meets the requirements of the subsequent cell access process, the access performance can be guaranteed to meet system requirements.

[0100] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This application provides a structural block diagram of a random access response generation device 800 applied to a base station. The device includes: a first receiving module 801, used to receive a random access preamble sent by a terminal and perform delay estimation on the preamble to obtain a measured delay value; a generation module 802, used to generate a random access response based on the measured delay value, wherein the random access response carries a timing advance field, the timing advance field including a delay out-of-bounds flag and a delay value, the delay out-of-bounds flag indicating the selected delay representation mode, the delay value carrying the quantized delay value determined according to the delay representation mode, different delay representation modes corresponding to different delay quantization precision and delay representation range, and the delay value supporting simultaneous representation of positive and negative delay values; and a sending module 803, used to send the random access response to the terminal.

[0101] In the above scheme, by designing the structure of the delay out-of-bounds flag and the delay value portion in the timing advance field, on the one hand, the delay value portion supports the simultaneous representation of positive and negative delays, enabling the base station to accurately transmit the negative delay caused by delay pre-compensation errors to the terminal; on the other hand, by using different delay representation modes to correspond to different delay quantization precision and delay representation ranges, the system can dynamically adapt to different delay conditions. Therefore, by achieving high-precision adjustment within a small range to meet access requirements, and achieving wide coverage within a large range to capture large initial delay deviations, the system's access success rate and robustness under scenarios with large delay variations are significantly improved.

[0102] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, the generation module 802 is specifically used to: select the delay representation mode according to the measured delay value; quantize the measured delay value into the quantized delay value according to the delay representation mode; fill the identification information corresponding to the delay representation mode into the delay out-of-bounds identification part, and fill the quantized delay value into the delay value part, so as to generate the random access response.

[0103] In the above scheme, by first selecting a mode based on the measured delay value, then quantizing according to the delay representation mode, and finally filling in the corresponding part, the logical rigor and efficiency of the signaling generation process are ensured. This enables the base station to flexibly and accurately construct signaling, ensuring a strict correspondence between the delay out-of-bounds flag and the delay value quantized according to a specific mode, providing a reliable foundation for the terminal to correctly parse and execute adjustments.

[0104] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, the latency representation mode includes a low latency mode and a high latency mode. The latency quantization accuracy of the low latency mode is higher than that of the high latency mode, and the latency representation range of the low latency mode is smaller than that of the high latency mode.

[0105] In the above scheme, the optimal allocation of system resources is achieved by clearly defining the complementary design of the two modes in terms of accuracy and range. The low-latency mode, with its high accuracy, ensures that the terminal can successfully transmit subsequent data after completing fine time synchronization, while the high-latency mode, with its wide range, ensures that preliminary, directional time delay correction can be performed when the initial access deviation is extremely large, creating conditions for subsequent fine-tuning.

[0106] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, the generation module 802 is also used to: determine whether the absolute value of the measured delay value is greater than the delay threshold; if the absolute value of the measured delay value is greater than the delay threshold, then select the large delay mode; otherwise, select the small delay mode.

[0107] In the above scheme, by comparing the absolute value of the quantized delay value with the delay threshold, it is possible to reliably identify whether the current delay state is within the normal range or an abnormally large range, thereby intelligently triggering the most suitable signaling mode. This avoids unnecessary accuracy loss in the case of small delay and prevents instruction failure due to improper mode selection in the case of large delay.

[0108] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 This application provides a structural block diagram of an uplink transmission time adjustment device 900 applied to a terminal. The device includes: a second receiving module 901, used to receive a random access response sent by a base station, wherein the random access response carries a timing advance field, the timing advance field including a delay out-of-bounds flag and a delay value, the delay out-of-bounds flag indicating the selected delay representation mode, and the delay value carrying a quantized delay value determined according to the delay representation mode. Different delay representation modes correspond to different delay quantization precision and delay representation ranges, and the delay value supports simultaneously representing positive and negative delay values; a parsing module 902, used to parse the random access response to obtain the delay representation mode and the corresponding timing advance; and an adjustment module 903, used to adjust the uplink transmission time according to the timing advance.

[0109] In the above scheme, the terminal is able to accurately understand and respond to the new timing advance command issued by the base station, which includes dual modes. By parsing the delay out-of-bounds flag, the terminal can determine the current delay representation mode and then interpret the delay value using the correct rules. Regardless of whether it is positive or negative, or whether the precision is high or low, it can obtain an effective timing advance. This allows the terminal to obtain effective adjustment instructions even in high-latency scenarios, with significant initial timing offsets or delay pre-compensation errors, laying the foundation for successful network access.

[0110] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, the parsing module 902 is specifically used to: parse the delay out-of-bounds flag portion in the random access response, determine the delay representation mode selected by the base station; and parse the timing advance from the delay value portion in the random access response according to the delay representation mode.

[0111] In the above scheme, the correctness of the terminal's understanding of the signaling is ensured by parsing the identifier first and then parsing the value according to the identifier. This parsing logic enables the terminal to adaptively process two different modes of signaling, effectively preventing adjustment errors caused by misreading the quantized delay value and ensuring the reliability of the entire delay adjustment process.

[0112] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, the latency representation mode includes a low latency mode and a high latency mode. The latency quantization accuracy of the low latency mode is higher than that of the high latency mode, and the latency representation range of the low latency mode is smaller than that of the high latency mode.

[0113] In the above scheme, when in low-latency mode, the terminal knows that its latency has entered a state where it can be adjusted with high precision and access normally; when in high-latency mode, the terminal knows that the current adjustment is a large-scale, preliminary calibration. This understanding is a key prerequisite for the terminal to execute the correct process subsequently.

[0114] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, if the selected delay representation mode is the low delay mode, the uplink transmission time adjustment device 900 further includes: a first execution module, used to execute the cell access procedure.

[0115] In the above scheme, the access process is made more efficient by directly executing the cell access procedure in hourly delay mode. Once the terminal determines that it has entered the high-precision hourly delay mode, it means that its uplink timing has met the accuracy requirements of normal communication, and subsequent message interaction can be carried out immediately, thereby minimizing access latency and improving user experience.

[0116] Furthermore, based on the above embodiments, if the selected delay representation mode is the large delay mode, the uplink transmission time adjustment device 900 further includes: a second execution module, used to retransmit the random access preamble in the transmission window of the next physical random access channel.

[0117] In the above scheme, a stable and reliable latency convergence mechanism is constructed by triggering an iterative process in the high latency mode. The terminal will not rashly attempt subsequent access after a rough latency adjustment, but will resend a random access preamble to obtain more precise instructions. This effectively avoids access failure when timing is not precisely synchronized. Through multiple iterations, the timing deviation is gradually reduced to the range of the low latency mode, ultimately ensuring the success and stability of the access.

[0118] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5This application provides a structural block diagram of an electronic device 1000, comprising at least one processor 1001, at least one communication interface 1002, at least one memory 1003, and at least one communication bus 1004. The communication bus 1004 enables direct communication between these components, the communication interface 1002 facilitates signaling or data communication with other node devices, and the memory 1003 stores machine-readable instructions executable by the processor 1001. When the electronic device 1000 is running, the processor 1001 communicates with the memory 1003 via the communication bus 1004. When the machine-readable instructions are invoked by the processor 1001, they execute the aforementioned random access response generation method or uplink transmission time adjustment method.

[0119] As one implementation method, the aforementioned electronic device 1000 can be a terminal, and different terminals can be interconnected via wired or wireless means. The terminal can be widely used in various scenarios, such as Near Field Communication (NFC), Device-to-Device (D2D), Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication, Machine-type Communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IoT), Virtual Reality, Augmented Reality, Industrial Control, Autonomous Driving, Telemedicine, Smart Grid, Smart Furniture, Smart Office, Smart Wearables, Smart Transportation, Smart Cities, etc.

[0120] The terminal may also be referred to as a mobile station (MS), terminal, or terminal equipment, and may include a subscriber unit, cellular phone, smartphone, wireless data card, personal digital assistant (PDA) computer, tablet computer, handheld modem, laptop computer, cordless phone, wireless local loop (WLL) station, machine type communication (MTC) terminal, etc. For ease of description, all devices mentioned above are referred to as terminals in all embodiments of this application.

[0121] The aforementioned terminal may further include an antenna and a transceiver. The transceiver processes (e.g., analog-to-analog conversion, filtering, amplification, and up-conversion) the output sample and generates an uplink signal, which is transmitted to the network device via the antenna. On the downlink, the antenna receives the downlink signal transmitted by the network device, and the transceiver processes (e.g., filtering, amplification, down-conversion, and digitization) the signal received from the antenna and provides input samples. The processor 1001 is used to execute the uplink transmission time adjustment method described in the above embodiments. The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific technology or device form used in the terminal.

[0122] In another implementation, the aforementioned electronic device 1000 can be a base station, and the terminal can connect to the base station wirelessly. The base station can also connect to or transmit and receive information with Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) systems, NR systems, and future radio access systems or WiFi systems as defined in 3GPP. The base station can also connect to devices from two or more of the aforementioned different radio access systems. The base station can also connect to an Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN).

[0123] Base stations may be configured with modules for implementing base station functions. These modules can perform the functions of the following devices: base station, evolved NodeB (eNodeB or eNB), transmission reception point (TRP), next-generation NodeB (gNB) in 5G mobile communication systems, next-generation base station in 6th generation (6G) mobile communication systems, base station in future mobile communication systems, or access node in WiFi systems.

[0124] The aforementioned base station may also include an antenna and a transceiver. In the uplink, the uplink signal from the terminal is received via the antenna, processed by the transceiver and converted into a digital baseband signal, and then further processed by the processor 1001 to recover the signaling information sent by the terminal. In the downlink, the signaling message is processed by the processor 1001, processed by the transceiver to generate a downlink signal, and then transmitted to the terminal via the antenna. The processor 1001 is also used to execute the random access response generation method described in the above embodiments. The base station may include a macro base station, a micro base station or an indoor station, and may also be a relay node or a donor node.

[0125] It is understood that the above only describes a simplified design of the base station. In practical applications, the base station may include any number of transmitters, receivers, processors, controllers, memory, communication units, etc., and all base stations that can implement this application are within the protection scope of this application.

[0126] The processor 1001 comprises one or more, and may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. The processor 1001 may be a general-purpose processor, including a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Microcontroller Unit (MCU), a Network Processor (NP), or other conventional processors; or it may be a special-purpose processor, including a Neural Network Processing Unit (NPU), a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. Furthermore, when there are multiple processors 1001, some may be general-purpose processors, and others may be special-purpose processors.

[0127] The memory 1003 includes one or more, which may be, but is not limited to, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), etc.

[0128] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium that stores computer program instructions. When the computer program instructions are executed by a computer, the computer performs various functions or steps in the above-described methods for generating random access responses or adjusting uplink transmission times.

[0129] This application also provides a computer program product that, when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute various functions or steps in the above-described methods for generating random access responses or adjusting uplink transmission time.

[0130] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and methods can be implemented in other ways. The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of units is only a logical functional division, and in actual implementation, there may be other division methods. Furthermore, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not executed. Additionally, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings, direct couplings, or communication connections may be through some communication interfaces; indirect couplings or communication connections between devices or units may be electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0131] Furthermore, the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0132] Furthermore, the functional modules in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module can exist independently, or two or more modules can be integrated to form an independent part.

[0133] It should be noted that if the functionality is implemented as a software module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a portion of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of this application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, external hard drives, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0134] In this document, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, without necessarily requiring or implying any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0135] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A method for generating a random access response, characterized in that, Applied to a base station, comprising: receiving a random access preamble sent by a terminal, and performing time delay estimation on the random access preamble to obtain a measured time delay value; generating a random access response according to the measured time delay value, wherein the random access response carries a timing advance field, the timing advance field comprises a time delay out-of-bound identification part and a time delay value part, the time delay out-of-bound identification part is used to indicate a selected time delay representation mode, the time delay value part is used to carry a quantized time delay value determined according to the time delay representation mode, different time delay representation modes correspond to different time delay quantization precisions and time delay representation ranges, and the time delay value part supports representing positive and negative time delays at the same time; sending the random access response to the terminal.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The generating of the random access response according to the measured time delay value comprises: selecting the time delay representation mode according to the measured time delay value; quantizing the measured time delay value into the quantized time delay value according to the time delay representation mode; filling identification information corresponding to the time delay representation mode into the time delay out-of-bound identification part, and filling the quantized time delay value into the time delay value part to generate the random access response.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The time delay representation mode comprises a small time delay mode and a large time delay mode, the time delay quantization precision of the small time delay mode is higher than that of the large time delay mode, and the time delay representation range of the small time delay mode is smaller than that of the large time delay mode.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein, The selecting of the time delay representation mode according to the measured time delay value comprises: judging whether the absolute value of the measured time delay value is greater than a time delay threshold value; if the absolute value of the measured time delay value is greater than the time delay threshold value, the large time delay mode is selected; otherwise, the small time delay mode is selected.

5. A method for adjusting uplink transmission time, characterized by, Applied to a terminal, comprising: receiving a random access response sent by a base station, wherein the random access response carries a timing advance field, the timing advance field comprises a time delay out-of-bound identification part and a time delay value part, the time delay out-of-bound identification part is used to indicate a selected time delay representation mode, the time delay value part is used to carry a quantized time delay value determined according to the time delay representation mode, different time delay representation modes correspond to different time delay quantization precisions and time delay representation ranges, and the time delay value part supports representing positive and negative time delays at the same time; parsing the random access response to obtain the time delay representation mode and a corresponding timing advance amount; adjusting uplink transmission time according to the timing advance amount.

6. The method of adjusting uplink transmit time according to claim 5, wherein, The parsing of the random access response to obtain the time delay representation mode and the corresponding timing advance amount comprises: parsing the time delay out-of-bound identification part in the random access response to determine the time delay representation mode selected by the base station; parsing the timing advance amount from the time delay value part in the random access response according to the time delay representation mode.

7. The method of adjusting uplink transmission timing according to claim 6, wherein, The time delay representation mode comprises a small time delay mode and a large time delay mode, the time delay quantization precision of the small time delay mode is higher than that of the large time delay mode, and the time delay representation range of the small time delay mode is smaller than that of the large time delay mode.

8. The method of adjusting uplink transmission timing according to claim 7, wherein, If the selected latency representation mode is the small latency mode, the method further comprises, after the adjusting the uplink transmission time according to the timing advance: performing a cell access procedure.

9. The method of claim 7, wherein the uplink transmission time is adjusted based on the time difference between the first and second uplink transmission times. If the selected latency representation mode is the large latency mode, the method further comprises, after the adjusting the uplink transmission time according to the timing advance: re-sending the random access preamble in a next transmission window of a physical random access channel.

10. A computer program product, characterised in that, A computer program product comprising computer program instructions readable and executable by a processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1-4 or the method of any one of claims 5-9.

11. An electronic device, comprising: comprising: a processor, a memory and a bus; the processor and the memory communicate with each other through the bus; the memory stores computer program instructions executable by the processor, and the processor invoking the computer program instructions can perform the method of any one of claims 1-4 or the method of any one of claims 5-9.

12. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer readable storage medium stores computer program instructions, which are run by a computer, so that the computer performs the method of any one of claims 1-4 or the method of any one of claims 5-9.

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