Prefabricated internal structure prefabrication system and construction method for shield tunnels

Abstract

This invention discloses a prefabricated internal structure system and construction method for shield tunnels, belonging to the field of underground engineering construction technology. Addressing the problems of poor rebar binding accuracy, unstable forming quality, and high transportation damage rate in existing prefabricated components, this invention provides a prefabrication system comprising a rebar jig, standardized templates, and a transport and storage support. The rebar jig achieves precise rebar binding through multi-level positioning plates and adjustable columns; the standardized template utilizes tensioning devices and top support rods to construct a stable force-bearing system, and, in conjunction with arc-shaped pads, ensures the quality of concrete pouring; the transport support reduces transportation damage through an adaptive rotating shaft and flexible support structure. This invention achieves efficient manufacturing and safe transfer of arc-shaped prefabricated components for shield tunnels.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of underground engineering and tunnel construction technology, specifically relating to a prefabricated internal structure system and construction method for shield tunnels, which is particularly suitable for the standardized production, maintenance, transportation and storage of prefabricated components for the arc wall of shield tunnels. Background Technology

[0002] As shield tunnel construction develops towards higher efficiency and greener practices, prefabricated assembly construction has become the mainstream approach. However, in practical engineering applications, the existing manufacturing and transportation systems still face many constraints.

[0003] Firstly, regarding the reinforcement engineering, the reinforcement binding of prefabricated assembled internal structures of tunnel boring machines (TBMs) currently relies heavily on manual positioning. This method is not only inefficient but also prone to problems such as uneven reinforcement spacing, positional misalignment, and even frame collapse, leading to structural safety hazards.

[0004] Secondly, in terms of concrete forming, while traditional formwork systems are highly versatile, they lack adaptability for specific components such as curved walls. During the pouring process, the formwork is prone to deformation and grout leakage, resulting in poor concrete forming quality. This makes it difficult to effectively guarantee the factory pass rate of precast components, and the formwork has a low turnover rate.

[0005] Finally, regarding logistics and transportation, due to the large size and weight of prefabricated components, existing storage and transportation facilities lack targeted protective designs. During transportation and stacking, components are highly susceptible to damage due to hard contact or uneven stress, which not only leads to material waste and increased rework costs but also seriously delays the construction schedule. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems of existing technologies, such as poor positioning accuracy of manual rebar tying leading to structural hazards, low adaptability of universal templates resulting in unstable concrete forming quality, and high breakage rate of large-volume components due to lack of dedicated transportation facilities, this invention constructs a standardized system for the fabrication and circulation of precast components for tunnel tunnels by innovatively developing a rebar jig with a multi-level positioning system, a standardized template system with a tensioning device, and a dedicated transportation support with an adaptive rotating shaft structure.

[0007] To achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a prefabricated internal structure prefabrication system for shield tunnels, comprising:

[0008] The precast component steel reinforcement frame is used to position the main reinforcement and distribution reinforcement of the precast component so as to tie them to form a steel reinforcement skeleton;

[0009] A standardized formwork system for prefabricated components is used to install the steel reinforcement cage and to enclose the casting space through mold components to cast and shape the prefabricated components.

[0010] Precast component transfer and storage support is used to support and store precast components after they have been formed;

[0011] The precast component steel reinforcement frame includes a bottom support frame and a steel reinforcement positioning system set on the top; the precast component standardized formwork system includes a formwork system and a support system; the precast component transfer and storage transport support includes a base assembly and a flexible support assembly set on the base assembly.

[0012] Furthermore, the support system of the prefabricated component standardized template system includes a bottom beam at the bottom, an outer crossbeam and an inner crossbeam on the upper part of the bottom beam, and an inner support rod between the inner crossbeam and the outer crossbeam; the template system includes a first arc-shaped pad on the upper part of the inner crossbeam and a back mold sitting on the first arc-shaped pad; a top support rod is provided between the outer crossbeam and the top crossbeam at the top of the back mold, and a tensioning device is provided on the upper part of the top support rod for applying pre-tightening force to the back mold.

[0013] Furthermore, the bottom beam is provided with a side formwork fixing plate and a front formwork fixing plate at its end. A front telescopic support is provided on the upper part of the side formwork fixing plate, and a foot formwork is abutted on one side of the front telescopic support. The template system also includes a front formwork and side formworks at both ends. The front formwork and the back formwork are connected by tie rods.

[0014] Furthermore, the bottom support frame of the precast component steel reinforcement jig includes a base and inclined support members at both ends; the steel reinforcement positioning system includes: a central main reinforcement positioning plate set in the middle of the base; an end main reinforcement positioning plate set on the inclined support members; and an upper main reinforcement positioning plate set on the top of the columns at both ends of the base; height-adjustable distribution reinforcement positioning components are also provided on both sides of the base, the distribution reinforcement positioning components include a sleeve, a short column inserted into the sleeve, and a distribution reinforcement positioning frame set on the top of the short column.

[0015] Furthermore, the precast component transfer and storage transport support includes a base and a supporting beam. A side column is provided on the upper part of the supporting beam. The bottom of the side column is connected to the supporting beam through a pivot. A second arc-shaped pad for supporting the precast component is provided in the middle of the side column. The transfer and storage transport support also includes a hoisting assembly set in the middle of the base. The hoisting assembly includes an upright plate, a hoisting rod positioning ring, and a multi-segment spliced ​​hoisting rod passing through it.

[0016] Furthermore, the inclined support members at both ends of the bottom support frame are inclined flange I-beams; the end of the base is provided with a square sleeve, the bottom end of the column is inserted into the square sleeve, and the column and the square sleeve are detachably connected.

[0017] Furthermore, a lower sleeve is provided on the top surface of the outer crossbeam, and an upper sleeve is provided on the bottom surface of the top crossbeam; the lower end of the top support rod is inserted into the lower sleeve, and the upper end passes through the upper sleeve and is connected to the tensioning device.

[0018] A construction method utilizing the prefabricated internal structure system for shield tunnels as described above includes the following steps:

[0019] Step 1, Rebar Binding: Level the precast component rebar jig, use the rebar positioning system to position the main bars and distribution bars, and bind them to form a rebar skeleton;

[0020] Step 2, Template Installation and Pouring: Install the bottom beam and cross beam components of the prefabricated modular template system, hoist the back formwork and steel reinforcement cage, install the front formwork, side formwork and top support rods, apply pre-tensioning force using the tensioning device and connect the tie rods before pouring concrete;

[0021] Step 3: Transfer and storage: The cured precast components are hoisted onto the precast component transfer and storage transport bracket. The bottom of the component rests on the second arc-shaped pad of the side column. The side column is adjusted at an adaptive angle through the bottom pivot. The bracket and component are transferred as a whole using the hoisting assembly.

[0022] Furthermore, in step one, the elevation of the distribution reinforcement positioning frame is determined by adjusting the height of the short column inserted into the circular sleeve; the corresponding main reinforcement bars are respectively inserted into the middle main reinforcement positioning plate, the end main reinforcement positioning plate and the upper main reinforcement positioning plate.

[0023] Furthermore, in step three, when storing multiple prefabricated components, pads are placed between adjacent prefabricated components, and the side columns on both sides are connected by tie rods; the lifting rod of the hoisting assembly is composed of three sections spliced ​​together and fixedly connected by a rear-mounted lifting ring with a sleeve.

[0024] This invention has the following characteristics and beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. Improve the quality and efficiency of steel reinforcement engineering: By adopting a steel reinforcement jig with three-level main reinforcement positioning plates (middle, end, and top) and adjustable distribution reinforcement positioning frame, the standardization and precise positioning of steel reinforcement binding are achieved, effectively avoiding steel reinforcement offset and uneven spacing caused by manual operation, and greatly improving binding efficiency and skeleton quality.

[0026] 2. Ensuring the quality of precast components and extending their service life: By applying standardized formwork that includes bottom beams, back formwork, tensioning devices, and anti-bulging tie systems, the overall rigidity and adaptability of the formwork are enhanced, the problems of grout leakage and deformation are solved, and the density and forming accuracy of the concrete pouring are ensured, thereby guaranteeing the quality of precast components and extending the service life of the structure.

[0027] 3. Reduce logistics losses and construction costs: By designing a special storage and transportation support with an adaptive pivot, arc-shaped pads and a three-section lifting rod, flexible support and stable stacking of components are achieved during hoisting and transportation, effectively reducing the risk of component damage, reducing material loss and rework costs, and achieving cost reduction and efficiency improvement in construction.

[0028] 4. Achieve standardized construction throughout the entire process: This invention forms a complete closed-loop method from rebar binding and formwork pouring to finished product transportation, promoting the development of shield tunnel construction towards standardization and efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the prefabricated internal structure prefabrication system for shield tunnels according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a standardized template mounting bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the standardized template installation according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 These are detailed drawings of the front and rear molds according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the side mold according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the steel reinforcement frame according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the transportation of prefabricated components according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the storage and transportation bracket according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] In the diagram: 1. Precast component; 2. Front mold; 3. Back mold; 4. Top crossbeam; 5. Side mold; 6. Bottom beam; 7. Inner crossbeam; 8. Inner support rod; 9. Outer crossbeam; 10. Lower sleeve; 11. Top support rod; 12. Side mold fixing plate; 13. Front mold fixing plate; 14. Tie rod; 15. First arc-shaped pad; 16. Tensioning device; 17. Upper sleeve; 18. Inner sleeve; 19. Front telescopic support; 20. Foot mold; 21. Precast component steel reinforcement jig; 22. Inclined Support components; 23. Square sleeve; 24. Column; 25. Distribution reinforcement positioning frame; 26. Upper main reinforcement positioning plate; 27. End main reinforcement positioning plate; 28. Middle main reinforcement positioning plate; 29. ​​Round sleeve; 30. Short column; 31. Transport support; 32. Support beam; 33. Side column; 34. Pad; 35. Lifting ring; 36. Tie rod; 37. Rear-mounted lifting ring; 38. Lifting rod positioning ring; 39. Vertical plate; 40. Second arc-shaped pad; 41. Rotating shaft; 42. Lifting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0038] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1: Prefabricated Internal Structure System for Shield Tunnels

[0040] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, this embodiment provides a prefabricated internal structure system for shield tunnels, mainly including a prefabricated component steel reinforcement frame 21, a prefabricated component standardized template system, and a prefabricated component transfer and storage transport support 31. This system is used for the production, maintenance, and transportation of the arc-shaped wall prefabricated components 1 of the shield tunnel.

[0041] 1. Reinforcing steel frame for precast components:

[0042] like Figure 6As shown, the precast component rebar jig 21 is used for standardized binding of the rebar skeleton. Its bottom support frame adopts an I-beam base, with inclined flange I-beams (inclined support members 22) set at both ends of the base to adapt to the end shape of the curved component. In order to achieve precise positioning of the main reinforcement, the jig is equipped with a three-level positioning system: a central main reinforcement positioning plate 28 is set in the middle of the I-beam base; an end main reinforcement positioning plate 27 is set on the upper part of the inclined flange I-beams at both ends; and a square sleeve 23 is set at the ends of both ends of the base, with a column 24 inserted and fixed inside the square sleeve 23, and an upper main reinforcement positioning plate 26 is set on the top of the columns 24 on both sides. In order to achieve precise positioning of the distributed reinforcement, a round sleeve 29 is set at the bottom of the I-beams on both sides of the base, with a height-adjustable short column 30 inserted inside the round sleeve 29, and a distributed reinforcement positioning frame 25 is fixed on the upper part of the short column 30. The elevation of the distribution reinforcement can be precisely controlled by adjusting the extension length of the short column 30 in the circular sleeve 29.

[0043] Preferably, the side wall of the circular sleeve 29 is provided with a locking element (such as a locking bolt or pin hole). After the elevation of the distribution reinforcement is accurately determined by adjusting the extension length of the short column 30, the short column 30 is locked with the locking element to prevent settlement when the reinforcement is tied.

[0044] 2. Standardized formwork system for prefabricated components:

[0045] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the system includes a support system and a formwork system. The support system mainly includes a bottom beam 6 located at the bottom, which must be installed on a flat and solid surface. An outer crossbeam 9 and an inner crossbeam 7 are arranged parallel to each other on the upper part of the bottom beam 6. To enhance rigidity, an inner support rod 8 connects the inner crossbeam 7 and the outer crossbeam 9. In the formwork system, a first arc-shaped pad 15 conforming to the curvature of the component is provided on the upper part of the inner crossbeam 7. An inner sleeve 18 (used for auxiliary positioning or connection) is also provided on one side of the first arc-shaped pad 15. The back mold 3 rests on the first arc-shaped pad 15. To ensure the stability of the back mold 3 and prevent casting deformation, a lower sleeve 10 is provided on the top surface of the outer crossbeam 9, and a top crossbeam 4 is provided on the top surface of the back mold 3. An upper sleeve 17 is correspondingly provided at the bottom of the top crossbeam 4. The lower end of the top support rod 11 is inserted into the lower sleeve 10, and the upper end passes through the upper sleeve 17. A tensioning device 16 is installed on the upper part of the top support rod 11. Pre-tensioning force is applied through the tensioning device 16, forming a stable closed force-bearing frame consisting of the bottom beam 6, the back mold 3, and the top cross beam 4. A side mold fixing plate 12 is provided at the end of the bottom beam 6. A front telescopic support 19 is installed on the upper part of the side mold fixing plate 12. One side of the front telescopic support 19 abuts against the foot mold 20 to shape the bottom of the component. A front mold fixing plate 13 is also provided on the side. The forming space is enclosed by the back mold 3, the front mold 2, and the side molds 5 located at both ends. The front mold 2 and the back mold 3 are fastened together by tie rods 14 passing through the template to resist the lateral pressure of the concrete.

[0046] Preferably, the non-casting surface (back side) of the back mold 3 is provided with a curing medium pipeline interface and a temperature and humidity sensor interface (not shown in the figure) for connecting external steam curing equipment and intelligent temperature control system to perform constant temperature steam curing after concrete pouring and monitor the hydration heat temperature in real time to prevent component cracking.

[0047] Preferably, the tensioning device 16 adopts a mechanical screw adjustment structure, including a matching nut and a threaded section set at the top of the top support rod 11. By rotating the adjusting nut, an axial thrust is generated, so that the bottom beam 6, the back mold 3 and the top cross beam 4 form a stable closed force-bearing frame, eliminating installation gaps.

[0048] 3. Precast component transfer and storage transport support:

[0049] like Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, the transport support 31 is used for the transfer and storage of components, reducing the breakage rate. Its main structure includes an I-beam base at the bottom and a supporting beam 32 at the top. A side column 33 is vertically installed on the upper part of the supporting beam 32. The bottom of the side column 33 is not rigidly welded, but connected to the supporting beam 32 via a pivot 41, giving the side column 33 a certain degree of angle self-adaptation. A second arc-shaped pad 40 is installed in the middle of the side column 33, and the bottom of the prefabricated component 1 rests on this second arc-shaped pad 40. To ensure the stability of stacked storage, tie rods 36 are installed between the two side columns 33. When multiple prefabricated components 1 are stacked, pads 34 are installed between the components, with the pads 34 aligned vertically. The support is equipped with a dedicated lifting assembly. A vertical plate 39 is vertically installed on the upper part of the I-beam base in the middle position, and a lifting rod positioning ring 38 is installed on the top of the vertical plate 39. The lifting rod 42 passes through the lifting rod positioning ring 38. The boom 42 adopts a three-section splicing structure. The middle section is provided with a rear-mounted lifting ring 37 with a sleeve for connecting the upper and lower sections, and the top of the boom 42 is provided with a main lifting ring 35.

[0050] Preferably, the main purpose of adopting the three-section splicing design is to adapt to the height restriction requirements of road transportation, and the upper lifting rod can be removed when returning empty; at the same time, the rear-mounted lifting ring 37 with sleeve facilitates flexible replacement of the lifting point without completely removing the lifting rod.

[0051] Example 2: Construction Method of Prefabricated Assembly Internal Structure for Shield Tunnels

[0052] The method for construction using the prefabricated system described in Example 1 includes the following steps:

[0053] Step 1: Rebar Binding

[0054] Place the I-beam base of the precast component steel reinforcement frame 21 on a flat site and level it.

[0055] Install the central main reinforcement positioning plate 28 to insert the corresponding main reinforcement in the middle of the precast component 1 into the positioning hole; install the end main reinforcement positioning plate 27 on the inclined flange I-beam to fix the end main reinforcement of the component; insert the column 24 into the square sleeve 23, and install the main reinforcement positioning plate 26 on the top of the column 24 to position the top main reinforcement.

[0056] According to the design drawings, adjust the height of the short column 30 in the circular sleeve 29 (it can be fixed by using locking parts) to determine the elevation of the distribution rib positioning frame 25.

[0057] On the positioned main reinforcement bars, tie the distribution bars and stirrups at intervals to form a steel reinforcement skeleton.

[0058] Step Two: Installation and Pouring of Precast Component Standardized Formwork System

[0059] Position and lay out the lines, install the bottom beam 6, and then install the outer crossbeam 9, inner crossbeam 7, and inner support rod 8 on the bottom beam 6.

[0060] Place the first arc-shaped pad 15 on the inner crossbeam 7, and hoist the back mold 3 and the tied steel reinforcement cage into place (the temperature and humidity sensor and maintenance pipe interface on the back of the back mold 3 can be connected).

[0061] Install side formwork fixing plate 12 and front formwork fixing plate 13 at the end of bottom beam 6; install front telescopic support 19 and tighten foot formwork 20.

[0062] Install side molds 5 at both ends; install top crossbeams 4 at the top of back molds 3.

[0063] Insert the lower end of the top support rod 11 into the lower sleeve 10 on the outer crossbeam 9, and pass the upper end through the upper sleeve 17 at the bottom of the top crossbeam 4; install the tensioning device 16 on the top of the top support rod 11 and apply preload through the tensioning device 16.

[0064] The front formwork 2 is hoisted into place, and the tie rods 14 are installed to lock the front formwork 2, side formwork 5 and back formwork 3. Concrete pouring and curing are then carried out (the intelligent curing system can be activated to control the amount of steam introduced based on sensor feedback data to carry out constant temperature curing of the components).

[0065] Step 3: Operation of transport support for the transfer and storage of precast components

[0066] Assemble the base, support beam 32 and side column 33 of the transport support 31.

[0067] The precast component 1 is hoisted onto the support frame, with its bottom resting on the second arc-shaped pad 40 in the middle of the side column 33. At this time, the pivot 41 at the bottom of the side column 33 allows the support frame to make slight adaptive angle adjustments according to the weight of the component, ensuring a tight fit and preventing hard impacts.

[0068] If stacking is required, place pads 34 between prefabricated components 1 and connect the side columns 33 on both sides by tie rods 36.

[0069] The boom 42 is passed through the boom positioning ring 38 on the upright plate 39. The three boom sections are spliced ​​and fixed using the sleeved rear-mounted lifting ring 37. Finally, the top lifting ring 35 is used to lift the entire frame.

[0070] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated internal structure prefabrication system for shield tunnels, characterized in that, include: The precast component steel reinforcement frame (21) is used to position the main reinforcement and distribution reinforcement of the precast component so as to tie them to form a steel reinforcement skeleton; A standardized template system for prefabricated components is used to install the steel reinforcement frame and to form a casting space by enclosing the mold components to cast the prefabricated components (1). A transport support (31) for transporting and storing prefabricated components is used to support the prefabricated components (1) after they have been formed for storage and transport. The precast component steel reinforcement frame (21) includes a bottom support frame and a steel reinforcement positioning system set on the upper part; the precast component standardized template system includes a template system and a support system; the precast component transfer and storage transport bracket (31) includes a base assembly and a flexible support assembly set on the base assembly; The support system of the prefabricated component standardized template system includes a bottom beam (6) at the bottom, an outer crossbeam (9) and an inner crossbeam (7) on the upper part of the bottom beam (6), and an inner support rod (8) between the inner crossbeam (7) and the outer crossbeam (9); the template system includes a first arc-shaped pad (15) on the upper part of the inner crossbeam (7) and a back mold (3) on the first arc-shaped pad (15); a top support rod (11) is provided between the outer crossbeam (9) and the top crossbeam (4) at the top of the back mold (3), and a tensioning device (16) is provided on the upper part of the top support rod (11) for applying pre-tightening force to the back mold (3); The bottom beam (6) is provided with a side mold fixing plate (12) and a front mold fixing plate (13) at its end. A front telescopic support (19) is provided on the upper part of the side mold fixing plate (12). A foot mold (20) is abutted on one side of the front telescopic support (19). The template system also includes a front mold (2) and side molds (5) at both ends. The front mold (2) and the back mold (3) are connected by tie rods (14). The bottom support frame of the precast component steel reinforcement jig (21) includes a base and inclined support members (22) at both ends; the steel reinforcement positioning system includes: a central main reinforcement positioning plate (28) set in the middle of the base; an end main reinforcement positioning plate (27) set on the inclined support member (22); and an upper main reinforcement positioning plate (26) set on the top of the columns (24) at both ends of the base; the base is also provided with height-adjustable distribution reinforcement positioning components on both sides, the distribution reinforcement positioning components include a sleeve (29), a short column (30) inserted in the sleeve, and a distribution reinforcement positioning frame (25) set on the top of the short column (30); The precast component transfer and storage transport support (31) includes a base and a supporting beam (32). A side column (33) is provided on the upper part of the supporting beam (32). The bottom of the side column (33) is connected to the supporting beam (32) through a pivot (41). A second arc-shaped pad (40) for supporting the precast component is provided in the middle of the side column (33). The transfer and storage transport support also includes a hoisting assembly provided in the middle of the base. The hoisting assembly includes a vertical plate (39), a hoisting rod positioning ring (38), and a multi-segment spliced ​​hoisting rod (42) passing through it.

2. The prefabricated internal structure prefabrication system for shield tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inclined support members (22) at both ends of the bottom support frame are inclined flange I-beams; the end of the base is provided with a square sleeve (23), and the bottom end of the column (24) is inserted into the square sleeve (23). The column (24) and the square sleeve (23) are detachably connected.

3. The prefabricated internal structure prefabrication system for shield tunnels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top surface of the outer crossbeam (9) is provided with a lower sleeve (10), and the bottom surface of the top crossbeam (4) is provided with an upper sleeve (17); the lower end of the top support rod (11) is inserted into the lower sleeve (10), and the upper end passes through the upper sleeve (17) and is connected to the tensioning device (16).

4. A construction method utilizing the prefabricated internal structure prefabrication system for shield tunnels as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1, Rebar Binding: Level the precast component rebar jig (21), use the rebar positioning system to position the main bars and distribution bars, and bind them to form a rebar skeleton; Step 2, Template Installation and Pouring: Install the bottom beam (6) and cross beam components of the prefabricated component standardized template system, hoist the back formwork (3) and steel reinforcement cage, install the front formwork (2), side formwork (5) and top support rod (11), apply pre-tightening force using the tensioning device (16) and connect the tie rod (14) before pouring concrete; Step 3, Transfer and storage: The cured precast component (1) is hoisted onto the precast component transfer and storage transport bracket (31). The bottom of the component is placed on the second arc-shaped pad (40) of the side column (33). The side column (33) is adjusted by adaptive angle through the bottom pivot (41). The hoisting assembly is used to transfer the bracket and component as a whole.

5. The construction method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step one, the elevation of the distribution reinforcement positioning frame (25) is determined by adjusting the height of the short column (30) inserted into the sleeve (29); the corresponding main reinforcements are inserted into the middle main reinforcement positioning plate (28), the end main reinforcement positioning plate (27) and the upper main reinforcement positioning plate (26).

6. The construction method according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step three, when multiple prefabricated components (1) are stored, pads (34) are placed between adjacent prefabricated components and the side columns (33) on both sides are connected by tie rods (36); the lifting rod (42) of the hoisting assembly is composed of three sections spliced ​​together and fixedly connected by a rear-mounted lifting ring (37) with a sleeve.

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