Substation screen cabinet environment early warning system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a substation screen cabinet environment early warning system and method, and relates to the technical field of power equipment state monitoring and fire prevention and control. The system comprises a shell, a sensing control cabin is formed in the shell, a state indicator and an air sampling port are arranged on a first surface of the shell, a gas sensor group, a temperature and humidity sensor and a processor are arranged in the sensing control cabin, and the processor is connected with the state indicator and the air sampling port. The gas sensor group and the temperature and humidity sensor are respectively connected with the processor, the state indicator is connected with the processor, and the air sampling port is communicated with the gas sensor group. The problems that a traditional environment monitoring system lacks multi-parameter fusion detection capacity, wiring is complex, flexibility is poor, graded early warning and intelligent judgment cannot be achieved, and fire extinguishing efficiency is low are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power equipment condition monitoring and fire prevention technology, specifically to a substation cabinet environmental early warning system and method. Background Technology

[0002] Abnormal parameters such as temperature, humidity, particulate matter concentration, and heat radiation inside substation cabinets (such as switch cabinets, control cabinets, and protection panels) are important causes of equipment failure and even fires.

[0003] Traditional environmental monitoring systems often employ single sensors (such as temperature and humidity sensors) for environmental monitoring, failing to simultaneously monitor multi-dimensional parameters such as pyrolysis particles, thermal radiation, and flames. They lack multi-parameter fusion detection capabilities, resulting in limited early warning capabilities. Communication methods are primarily wired, mainly using RS485 and Ethernet, leading to complex wiring, poor flexibility, and an inability to provide early fire warnings. Traditional environmental monitoring systems also lack edge computing capabilities, hindering tiered early warning and intelligent judgment. Furthermore, the separation of fire suppression and monitoring results in delayed response and low fire suppression efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention addresses the problems of traditional environmental monitoring systems, such as lack of multi-parameter fusion detection capabilities, complex and inflexible wiring, inability to achieve graded early warning and intelligent judgment, and low fire extinguishing efficiency. It provides a substation cabinet environmental early warning system and method, which solves the problems of traditional environmental monitoring systems, such as lack of multi-parameter fusion detection capabilities, complex and inflexible wiring, inability to achieve graded early warning and intelligent judgment, and low fire extinguishing efficiency.

[0005] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a substation cabinet environmental early warning system, the system comprising: a housing, wherein a sensing and control compartment is formed inside the housing, and a status indicator and an air sampling port are provided on the first side of the housing, and the sensing and control compartment is provided with: a gas sensor group, a temperature and humidity sensor, and a processor, wherein the gas sensor group and the temperature and humidity sensor are respectively connected to the processor, wherein the status indicator is connected to the processor, and the air sampling port is connected to the gas sensor group.

[0007] In some embodiments, the outer side of the housing corresponding to the sensing and control cabin is further provided with a flame sensor and a thermal radiation sensor, and the inner side of the sensing and control cabin is further provided with a pyrolysis particle sensor and a GTOS neural reflex microsystem chip, and the pyrolysis particle sensor is connected to the air sampling port.

[0008] In some embodiments, the interior of the sensing control chamber is further provided with an active air intake pump, which is connected to the air sampling port and the gas sensor group, and is also connected to the pyrolysis particle sensor.

[0009] In some embodiments, the temperature and humidity sensor is exposed to the air through an opening at the corresponding position on the housing, and the sensing surfaces of the thermal radiation sensor and the flame sensor face the first surface.

[0010] In some embodiments, a fire extinguishing chamber is further formed inside the housing, wherein the fire extinguishing chamber is located on the side of the sensing and control chamber away from the first surface, and includes: a fire extinguishing agent chamber located inside the fire extinguishing chamber and filled with fire extinguishing agent; a rupture diaphragm for sealing the outlet of the fire extinguishing agent chamber; a concealed nozzle disposed on the side of the rupture diaphragm away from the fire extinguishing agent chamber for spraying the fire extinguishing agent; an electric starter and a thermal wire for rupturing the rupture diaphragm, wherein the electric starter is connected to the GTOS neural reflex microsystem chip; one end of the thermal wire is connected to the rupture diaphragm, and the other end is fixed to the inner wall of the fire extinguishing agent chamber; and a pressure switch, wherein the pressure switch is used to detect the rupture signal of the rupture diaphragm and report fire extinguishing information.

[0011] In some embodiments, the interior of the housing further includes: a communication power compartment, located between the sensing and control compartment and the fire extinguishing compartment, and comprising: a multi-mode communication module, wherein the multi-mode communication module is connected to the processor, an antenna located outside the housing, and the pressure switch, including: a smart node communication module and a 4G Cat1 module; a power module, wherein the power module is connected to a switch disposed on a first side of the housing, including: a high-voltage input power module connected to an external power supply terminal for providing operating power to the electrical components of the system; and a lithium battery pack, wherein the lithium battery pack is connected to a backup power supply port of the high-voltage input power module.

[0012] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for environmental early warning of a substation cabinet, the method comprising: converting information of an air sample obtained from an air sampling port provided on the first side of the cabinet into a first electrical signal by a gas sensor group inside a sensing control compartment formed inside the cabinet; converting temperature and humidity information into a second electrical signal by a temperature and humidity sensor inside the sensing control compartment; processing the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal by a processor inside the sensing control compartment; and providing an early warning based on the processing result of the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal by a status indicator provided on the first side of the cabinet.

[0013] In some embodiments, the method further includes: converting information of pyrolysis particles obtained from the air sampling port into a third electrical signal using a pyrolysis particle sensor disposed inside the sensing control chamber; converting flame spectral feature information into a fourth signal using a flame sensor disposed inside the sensing control chamber; converting infrared and ultraviolet radiation information into a fifth signal using a thermal radiation sensor disposed inside the sensing control chamber; and processing the third electrical signal, the fourth signal, and the fifth signal respectively using a GTOS neural reflex microsystem chip, and determining whether to activate the fire extinguishing chamber formed inside the housing to perform fire extinguishing based on the processing results.

[0014] In some embodiments, the GTOS neural reflex microsystem chip processes the third electrical signal, the fourth signal, and the fifth signal respectively, and determines whether to activate the fire extinguishing chamber inside the housing to perform fire extinguishing based on the processing results. This includes: issuing a fire extinguishing signal when at least two of the processing results of the third electrical signal, the fourth signal, and the fifth signal exceed a fire warning threshold; receiving the fire extinguishing signal, the electric starter in the fire extinguishing chamber issues a bursting signal, or bursts the bursting diaphragm at the outlet of the fire extinguishing agent chamber through a thermal wire in the fire extinguishing chamber, so that the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing agent chamber is sprayed out to the outside of the housing sequentially through the outlet of the fire extinguishing agent chamber and the concealed nozzle; and a pressure switch detects the rupture signal of the bursting diaphragm and reports that the fire has been extinguished.

[0015] In some embodiments, the method further includes: transmitting the warning information output by the processor and the fire extinguishing information reported by the pressure switch through a multi-mode communication module in a communication power compartment formed inside the housing; and providing operating power to the electrical components inside the housing through a power module in the communication power compartment formed inside the housing.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0017] (1. It has achieved a fundamental improvement in fire prevention and control capabilities, transforming from "passive response" to "proactive early warning and rapid response";

[0018] (2. It solves the safety and maintenance problems of traditional pressurized fire extinguishing devices and achieves inherent safety through pressureless design;

[0019] (3. Improved system reliability and robustness, and constructed a "double insurance" fire extinguishing activation mechanism;

[0020] (4. It has broken through the technical bottleneck of monitoring the environment inside complex cabinets and achieved more comprehensive and sensitive fault gas detection;

[0021] (5. High reliability of the communication link is achieved, ensuring that early warning information is never lost;)

[0022] (6. The highly integrated and modular design brings excellent engineering applicability and economy.) Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be considered as limiting the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a substation cabinet environmental early warning system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the component relationships of a substation cabinet environmental early warning system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the detection components of a substation cabinet environmental early warning system is shown according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a concealed nozzle of a substation cabinet environmental early warning system is shown according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a substation cabinet environmental early warning system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of a substation cabinet environmental early warning method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the environmental early warning communication topology for substation cabinets according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of this invention are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0032] To address the problems of traditional environmental monitoring systems, such as lack of multi-parameter fusion detection capabilities, complex and inflexible wiring, inability to achieve graded early warning and intelligent judgment, and low fire extinguishing efficiency, this invention provides a substation cabinet environmental early warning system. It is an integrated system with an integrated triangular prism shell (shape) made of flame-retardant ABS+PC material and an IP68 protection rating.

[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a substation cabinet environmental early warning system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the component relationships of a substation cabinet environmental early warning system according to an embodiment of the present invention. (Reference) Figure 1 and Figure 2 The substation cabinet environmental early warning system includes at least: a housing 1, and a sensor control compartment 5 formed inside the housing. The sensor control compartment 5 is formed inside the housing 1, and a status indicator (alarm light) and an air sampling port (air inlet 4) are provided on the first side of the housing. The sensor control compartment is equipped with: a gas sensor group 12, a temperature and humidity sensor 14, and a processor (central processing unit, CPU). The gas sensor group 12 and the temperature and humidity sensor 14 are respectively connected to the processor, the status indicator is connected to the processor, and the air sampling port 4 is connected to the gas sensor group 12.

[0034] In some embodiments, the outer side of the housing 1 corresponding to the sensing control chamber 5 is further provided with a flame sensor 11 and a thermal radiation sensor 10. The inner side of the sensing control chamber 5 is further provided with a pyrolysis particle sensor 8 and a GTOS (Golgitendon organ chip) neural reflex microsystem chip. The pyrolysis particle sensor 8, the flame sensor 11, the thermal radiation sensor 10, the gas sensor group 12, and the temperature and humidity sensor 14 are disposed on the main circuit board, which is fixed inside the sensing control chamber 5. The pyrolysis particle sensor 8 is connected to the air sampling port 4.

[0035] In some embodiments, the sensor control chamber 5 is further provided with an active air pump 9, which is connected to the air sampling port 4 and the gas sensor group 12, and is also connected to the pyrolysis particle sensor 8.

[0036] In some embodiments, the temperature and humidity sensor 14 is exposed to the air through the opening at the corresponding position of the temperature and humidity sensor on the housing 1, and the sensing surfaces of the thermal radiation sensor 10 and the flame sensor 11 face the first surface (front, facing the direction to be measured).

[0037] In this invention, various sensors are installed inside and outside the sensing and control chamber 5 to monitor a variety of environmental parameters. The pyrolysis particle sensor 8 can be fixed to the top plate inside the sensing and control chamber 5 with screws, and its sampling port is connected to the outlet of the active air pump 9.

[0038] The thermal radiation sensor 10 and the flame sensor 11 are mounted side by side on the front side of the cabin, with the sensing surface facing the front of the shell (first side) when installed.

[0039] Gas sensor group 12 (optionally equipped with SF6, CO, SO2, and smoke sensors) is mounted on circuit board 13 through slots, and its air inlet is connected to air inlet 4 through silicone tube.

[0040] The temperature and humidity sensor 14 is mounted on the edge of the circuit board 13, with the temperature sensor head exposed to the air.

[0041] The active aspiration pump 9 is fixed to the bottom of the cabin by a bracket, and the inlet is connected to an external sampling tube (optional) through the air inlet 4.

[0042] The GTOS neural reflex microsystem chip and processor serve as the core control and processing layer, and are mounted on the circuit board 13. They are fixed to the middle of the sensing control cabin 5 by copper pillars and connected to each sensor (8, 10, 11, 12, 14) and the display screen (2) by ribbon cables. Figure 3 This diagram illustrates a detection component of a substation cabinet environmental early warning system according to an embodiment of the present invention. An air inlet is provided on the first face of the regular triangular prism system, and external sensors are provided on the side faces.

[0043] In some embodiments, a fire extinguishing chamber 6 is further formed inside the housing 1. The fire extinguishing agent chamber 6 is located on the side of the sensing and control chamber 5 away from the first surface. The chamber contains: a fire extinguishing agent chamber located inside the fire extinguishing chamber and filled with fire extinguishing agent 18; a rupture diaphragm 21 for sealing the outlet of the fire extinguishing agent chamber; a concealed nozzle 22 located on the side of the rupture diaphragm 21 away from the fire extinguishing agent chamber for spraying fire extinguishing agent; an electric starter 19 and a thermal wire 20, the electric starter 20 being connected to the GTOS neural reflex microsystem chip, one end of the thermal wire 20 being connected to the rupture diaphragm 21, and the other end being fixed to the inner wall of the fire extinguishing agent chamber; and a pressure switch for detecting the rupture signal of the rupture diaphragm 21 and reporting the fire extinguishing information.

[0044] Fire extinguishing chamber 6 is an unpressurized fire extinguishing chamber. The extinguishing agent chamber is made of stainless steel and is fixed inside the fire extinguishing chamber by clamps. Alternatively, part of fire extinguishing chamber 6 can be used as an extinguishing agent chamber, which is filled with perfluorohexanone extinguishing agent 18 and is normally sealed at atmospheric pressure.

[0045] An electric starter 19 and a thermal wire 20 are installed in parallel on the top of the fire extinguishing chamber 6 for initiating fire extinguishing. The electric starter (19) is connected to the control output terminal of the circuit board 13 via a wire, and then connected to the GTOS neural reflex microsystem chip. The thermal wire 20 is a mechanical structure, with one end extending into the interior of the fire extinguishing agent chamber and the other end fixed to the side wall of the fire extinguishing chamber 6. Its operating temperature is 170℃±10℃. When the operating temperature is reached, it ruptures the diaphragm 21.

[0046] The rupture diaphragm 21 is made of pure nickel sheet and is sealed to the outlet of the extinguishing agent chamber by laser welding.

[0047] The concealed nozzle 22 connects to the outside of the housing 1 and is located on the side of the housing for spraying extinguishing agent. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a concealed nozzle of a substation cabinet environmental early warning system is shown according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] The pressure switch is used to detect the burst signal of the burst diaphragm 21 and report the fire extinguishing information.

[0049] In some embodiments, the interior of the housing 1 further includes a communication power supply compartment 7, located between the sensing and control compartment 5 and the fire extinguishing compartment 6, and containing a multi-mode communication module and a power supply module. The multi-mode communication module is connected to a processor, an antenna 26 located outside the housing, and a pressure switch, and includes a smart node communication module 23 and a 4G Cat1 module 24. The power supply module, serving as a support layer, is connected to a switch located on the first side of the housing 1, and includes a high-voltage input power supply module 27 connected to an external power supply terminal 28 for providing operating power to the electrical components of the system; and a lithium battery pack 29 connected to a backup power supply port of the power supply module.

[0050] The SmartNode communication module 23 and the 4G Cat1 module 24 are mounted on the communication daughterboard 25 via slots.

[0051] Antenna 26 is connected to the communication module via an IPEX interface and is built into the top of housing 1.

[0052] The high-voltage input power module 27 (input AC85-240V / DC6-28V) is connected to the external terminal 28 via a wire.

[0053] The lithium battery pack 29 is connected to the backup power supply interface of the high-voltage input power module 27 via a wire.

[0054] In this invention, the data collected by the sensor is sent to the processor and GTOS chip and analyzed. If it is determined that an early warning is needed, it is reported through the communication module. If the fire extinguishing conditions are met, the output signal triggers the electric starter 19 or the thermal wire 20 is automatically started, breaking through the rupture diaphragm 21 and the fire extinguishing agent nozzle 22 is sprayed out.

[0055] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a substation cabinet environmental early warning system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 As shown, the substation cabinet environmental early warning system is fixed at the top position on one side of the equipment within the protected area, with the nozzle position in the opposite direction of the installation surface.

[0056] This invention is based on a closed-loop principle of "monitoring-analysis-early warning-response". It uses multi-sensor fusion technology to collect environmental parameters inside the cabinet in real time, and an edge computing unit performs intelligent analysis to determine the risk level. Data interaction and remote early warning are achieved through narrowband IoT. When a fire is confirmed, the unpressurized fire extinguishing device is activated, using perfluorohexanone extinguishing agent stored at atmospheric pressure for rapid fire suppression.

[0057] In this invention, based on the closed-loop principle of "monitoring-analysis-early warning-response," multi-sensor fusion technology is used to collect environmental parameters inside the cabinet in real time. An edge computing unit performs intelligent analysis to determine the risk level, and data interaction and remote early warning are achieved through narrowband IoT. When a fire is confirmed, an unpressurized fire extinguishing device is activated, using perfluorohexanone extinguishing agent stored at atmospheric pressure for rapid fire suppression.

[0058] The technical solution provided by this invention can achieve the following technical effects.

[0059] (1. It has achieved a fundamental improvement in fire prevention and control capabilities, transforming from "passive response" to "proactive early warning and rapid response".)

[0060] Current technologies mostly rely on single temperature or smoke detectors, which can only trigger alarms after an open flame or high temperature has already occurred, resulting in a delayed response. This invention, by integrating multi-dimensional sensing technologies of pyrolysis particles, temperature gradients, multiple gases, and flames, achieves true early warning for the first time in a substation cabinet environment. The system can issue warnings during the overheating and decomposition stage of insulation materials (generating pyrolysis particles) and during the stage of abnormal local temperature rise (not triggering a fixed high-temperature threshold), providing several hours to days earlier than traditional flame alarms. This gives maintenance personnel ample time to intervene, eliminating fire hazards in their infancy and fundamentally preventing fire accidents.

[0061] (2. It solves the safety and maintenance problems of traditional pressurized fire extinguishing devices and achieves inherent safety through pressureless design.)

[0062] Currently, gaseous fire extinguishing systems generally use high-pressure gas cylinders, which pose risks of leakage during long-term storage, require significant burdens for regular pressure testing and maintenance, and carry the potential hazard of physical explosion. The pressureless design of this invention, featuring atmospheric pressure storage and low-pressure start-up, is a revolutionary advancement. The extinguishing agent is stored under normal atmospheric pressure in a sealed manner, eliminating the need for pressure vessels and completely eliminating the risks of leakage and explosion. The main body of the device can be maintenance-free for 5 years, greatly reducing the overall life-cycle maintenance costs. With an operating pressure below 0.5 MPa, startup is smooth, causing no impact damage to precision electrical equipment, and its safety far exceeds that of traditional pressurized systems.

[0063] (3. Improved system reliability and robustness, and constructed a "double insurance" fire extinguishing activation mechanism.)

[0064] Currently, electrically controlled fire extinguishing devices are completely paralyzed when the control circuit fails. This invention innovatively introduces a dual-redundant starting mechanism of "electric start + thermal self-start." Even in the most extreme case of a complete power outage or failure of the control system, when the ambient temperature rises to the physical critical point of 170℃±10℃, the thermally sensitive wire will automatically melt and trigger the fire extinguishing function, ensuring absolute reliability of the fire extinguishing function. This design greatly enhances the system's survivability and execution capability under extreme conditions such as a real fire, providing ultimate safety assurance for the equipment in the control cabinet.

[0065] (4. It has broken through the technical bottleneck of monitoring the environment inside complex cabinets and achieved more comprehensive and sensitive fault gas detection.)

[0066] Currently, gas detection mostly uses diffusion sampling, which is slow to respond and difficult to cover blind spots. The active aspiration sampling technology integrated in this invention actively extracts gas from the cabinet using a micro-pump, which not only significantly shortens the detection response time, but also achieves monitoring coverage of deep and hidden areas of the equipment through an external sampling tube. This solves the problem of monitoring areas where sensors cannot be directly installed, and significantly improves the comprehensiveness and sensitivity of the monitoring.

[0067] (5. It achieves high reliability of the communication link, ensuring that early warning information is never lost.)

[0068] The electromagnetic environment at substation sites is complex, and single communication methods are susceptible to interference. This invention employs multi-mode heterogeneous communication (SmartNode + NB-IoT / 4G) and an intelligent switching mechanism to create a redundant communication network. When the primary communication link signal is weak or interrupted, the system can automatically and seamlessly switch to the backup network, ensuring that critical information such as hazard warnings and firefighting action feedback can be 100% uploaded. This solves the "last mile" transmission problem and guarantees the real-time sensing capabilities of the monitoring center.

[0069] (6. The highly integrated and modular design brings excellent engineering applicability and economy.)

[0070] Current solutions often consist of cobbled-together components from different manufacturers' sensors, controllers, and fire suppression devices, resulting in low integration, complex installation, and poor compatibility. This invention highly integrates sensing, decision-making, communication, and fire suppression functions into a compact, all-in-one device. Its modular design supports rapid, slot-type installation, significantly simplifying on-site wiring and reducing single-site deployment time by over 70%. Furthermore, the integrated design lowers the overall costs of procurement, installation, and maintenance, demonstrating significant economic advantages.

[0071] On the other hand, the present invention provides a substation cabinet environment early warning method, which is realized by the substation cabinet environment early warning described above. Figure 6 This is a flowchart of a substation panel environmental early warning method according to an embodiment of the present invention. (Reference) Figure 6 The environmental early warning method for the substation cabinet includes: S10 and S20.

[0072] In S10, the gas sensor group inside the sensing control chamber formed inside the shell converts the information of the air sample obtained from the air sampling port set on the first side of the shell into a first electrical signal; the temperature and humidity sensor inside the sensing control chamber converts the temperature and humidity information into a second electrical signal.

[0073] In S20, the first and second electrical signals are processed by the processor inside the sensor control compartment, and a warning is given by a status indicator set on the first surface of the shell based on the processing results of the first and second electrical signals.

[0074] In some embodiments, the method further includes: converting information of pyrolysis particles obtained from an air sampling port into a third electrical signal using a pyrolysis particle sensor disposed inside the sensing control chamber; converting flame spectral feature information into a fourth signal using a flame sensor disposed inside the sensing control chamber; converting infrared and ultraviolet radiation information into a fifth signal using a thermal radiation sensor disposed inside the sensing control chamber; and the GTOS neural reflex microsystem chip processes the third electrical signal, the fourth signal, and the fifth signal respectively, and determines whether to activate the fire extinguishing chamber inside the shell to perform fire extinguishing based on the processing results.

[0075] In some embodiments, the GTOS neural reflex microsystem chip processes the third, fourth, and fifth electrical signals respectively, and determines whether to activate the fire extinguishing chamber formed inside the housing to perform fire extinguishing based on the processing results. This includes: issuing a fire extinguishing signal when at least two of the processing results of the third, fourth, and fifth signals exceed the fire warning threshold; receiving the fire extinguishing signal, the electric starter inside the fire extinguishing chamber issues a rupture signal to rupture the rupture diaphragm at the outlet of the fire extinguishing agent chamber, so that the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing agent chamber is sprayed out to the outside of the housing sequentially through the outlet of the fire extinguishing agent chamber and the concealed nozzle; and a pressure switch detects the rupture signal of the rupture diaphragm and reports the fire extinguishing information.

[0076] In some embodiments, the method further includes: transmitting warning information output by the processor and fire extinguishing information reported by the pressure switch through a multi-mode communication module in a communication power compartment formed inside the housing; and providing operating power to electrical components inside the housing through a power module in the communication power compartment formed inside the housing.

[0077] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the communication topology for substation cabinet environmental early warning according to an embodiment of the present invention. The substation cabinet environmental early warning system of the present invention can provide early warning signals to provide early warning of the substation cabinet environment, and send the early warning information to the mobile phones of substation auxiliary control or maintenance personnel or the central control station for environmental monitoring.

[0078] The substation cabinet environmental early warning method of the present invention will be described below through specific examples.

[0079] Step 1: Data Acquisition and Transmission

[0080] Each sensor collects data at a cycle of 1 second to 60 minutes (configurable). The active suction pump 9 starts (cycle adjustable, such as running for 30 seconds every 5 minutes) to extract gas samples and send them to the gas sensor group 12. The collected data is transmitted to the processor in real time.

[0081] Step 2: Edge Intelligent Analysis

[0082] The processor and GTOS chip run the following algorithm:

[0083] Data cleaning: Removing outlier values;

[0084] Feature extraction: Calculate the temperature gradient (e.g., an increase of more than 2°C per minute is considered abnormal) and the rate of change in pyrolysis particle concentration;

[0085] Multi-source fusion: The DS evidence theory algorithm is used to calculate the fire confidence level by integrating data from various sensors;

[0086] Decision output: If the confidence level exceeds the threshold (e.g., 0.7), an alarm of the corresponding level will be triggered.

[0087] Step 3: Early Warning and Communication

[0088] Low-level warning (confidence level 0.7~0.8): Local indicator light 3 flashes yellow slowly, and data is reported to the platform hourly via 4G module 24.

[0089] Advanced alert (confidence level 0.8~0.9): The indicator light flashes red rapidly, the data is immediately reported through the SmartNode module 23, and an SMS is sent to the maintenance personnel.

[0090] Fire confirmed (confidence level > 0.9 or open flame detected): Proceed to the next step of firefighting.

[0091] Step 4: Firefighting Execution

[0092] Electric start: The main circuit board 13 sends a 12V / 1A pulse current to the electric starter 19 to detonate the gas-generating agent. The resulting gas with a pressure of <0.5MPa breaks through the rupture diaphragm 21, and the extinguishing agent is ejected. The whole process takes less than 2 seconds.

[0093] Thermal self-start: If the circuit fails and the ambient temperature rises to 170℃±10℃, the thermal wire 20 will melt and detonate, thus extinguishing the fire.

[0094] Feedback: The pressure switch detects a diaphragm rupture signal and reports a "fire extinguished" status via the communication module.

[0095] The substation cabinet environmental early warning method of the present invention will be described below through application examples.

[0096] Example 1: Multi-parameter monitoring and early warning method for cabinet environment

[0097] Steps: Install the system in the secondary compartment of the cabinet → Configure the sampling cycle (e.g., temperature 1 minute / time, gas 5 minutes / time) → Set the warning threshold (e.g., temperature 85℃, CO concentration 50ppm) → The system runs automatically.

[0098] Process conditions: Operating temperature -40℃~55℃, humidity 10~95% (non-condensing).

[0099] Equipment used: The system of this invention, external sampling tube (optional).

[0100] Results: Enables 24 / 7 monitoring of the cabinet environment, with an early warning accuracy rate of >95%.

[0101] Example 2: Activation method of unpressurized fire extinguishing device

[0102] Steps: Fire detected → Firefighting required → Activation signal sent → Electric starter detonated → Diaphragm ruptured → Extinguishing agent released → Status reported.

[0103] Process conditions: starting current 12V / 1A / 100ms, operating pressure <0.5MPa, extinguishing agent injection time <5 seconds.

[0104] Equipment used: electric starter, rupture diaphragm, fire extinguishing chamber.

[0105] Effect: Extinguishes initial fires within 5 seconds; the extinguishing agent is insulating and harmless.

[0106] Example 3: Adaptive Switching Method for Multimode Communication

[0107] Steps: Monitor the strength of each signal (Received Signal Strength Indicator, RSSI) → Determine the link quality (switch if packet loss rate > 5%) → Switch to the backup network (e.g., switch the primary SmartNode to the backup 4G) → Retransmit data.

[0108] Process conditions: Signal strength detection cycle 10 seconds / time, switching delay <1 second.

[0109] Equipment used: SmartNode module, 4G module, antenna.

[0110] Results: Communication reliability >99.9%, packet loss rate <0.1%.

[0111] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A substation panel cabinet environmental early warning system, characterized in that, The system includes: The housing includes a sensing and control compartment formed inside, and a status indicator and an air sampling port are provided on the first side of the housing. The sensor control cabin is equipped with a gas sensor array, a temperature and humidity sensor, and a processor. The gas sensor array and the temperature and humidity sensor are respectively connected to the processor. The status indicator is connected to the processor, and the air sampling port is connected to the gas sensor group.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer side of the housing corresponding to the sensing and control cabin is also provided with a flame sensor and a thermal radiation sensor. The interior of the sensing and control cabin is also provided with a pyrolysis particle sensor and a GTOS neural reflex microsystem chip, and the pyrolysis particle sensor is connected to the air sampling port.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sensor control cabin is also equipped with an active air pump, which is connected to the air sampling port and the gas sensor group. Furthermore, the active air pump is also connected to the pyrolysis particle sensor.

4. The system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The temperature and humidity sensor is exposed to the air through the opening at the corresponding position on the housing, and the sensing surfaces of the thermal radiation sensor and the flame sensor face the first surface.

5. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, The interior of the shell also forms a fire extinguishing chamber, which is located on the side of the sensing and control compartment away from the first surface, and has the following internal features: A fire extinguishing agent compartment, located within the fire extinguishing chamber and filled with fire extinguishing agent; A bursting diaphragm is used to seal the outlet of the extinguishing agent chamber; A concealed nozzle is located on the side of the rupture diaphragm away from the extinguishing agent chamber, for spraying the extinguishing agent; An electric starter and a thermal wire are used to rupture the rupture diaphragm, wherein the electric starter is connected to the GTOS neural reflex microsystem chip; one end of the thermal wire is connected to the rupture diaphragm, and the other end is fixed to the inner wall of the extinguishing agent chamber; and A pressure switch, wherein the pressure switch is used to detect the bursting signal of the bursting diaphragm and report the fire extinguishing information.

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The interior of the shell further includes a communication power supply compartment, located between the sensing and control compartment and the fire extinguishing compartment, and containing the following: A multi-mode communication module, wherein the multi-mode communication module is connected to the processor, an antenna located outside the housing, and the pressure switch, includes: a smart node communication module and a 4G Cat1 module; A power module, wherein the power module is connected to a switch disposed on a first side of the housing, includes: a high-voltage input power module connected to an external power supply terminal for providing operating power to the electrical components of the system; and a lithium battery pack, wherein the lithium battery pack is connected to a backup power supply port of the high-voltage input power module.

7. A method for early warning of substation panel environment, characterized in that, The method includes: A gas sensor array inside a sensing and control chamber formed within the housing converts information from an air sample obtained through an air sampling port located on the first side of the housing into a first electrical signal; a temperature and humidity sensor inside the sensing and control chamber converts temperature and humidity information into a second electrical signal; and The processor inside the sensing and control cabin processes the first and second electrical signals, and based on the processing results, a warning is issued through a status indicator located on the first surface of the housing.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The method further includes: The pyrolysis particle sensor, located inside the sensing and control cabin, converts the information of pyrolysis particles obtained from the air sampling port into a third electrical signal; the flame spectral characteristic information, located inside the sensing and control cabin, is converted into a fourth signal; and the infrared and ultraviolet radiation information, located inside the sensing and control cabin, is converted into a fifth signal. The GTOS neural reflex microsystem chip processes the third, fourth, and fifth electrical signals respectively, and determines whether to activate the fire extinguishing chamber formed inside the housing to perform fire extinguishing based on the processing results.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The GTOS neural reflex microsystem chip processes the third, fourth, and fifth electrical signals respectively, and based on the processing results, determines whether to activate the fire extinguishing chamber inside the housing to perform fire extinguishing, including: When at least two of the processing results of the third, fourth, and fifth signals exceed the fire warning threshold, a fire extinguishing signal is issued. The electric starter inside the fire extinguishing chamber receives the fire extinguishing signal and emits a rupture signal, or, via a thermal wire inside the fire extinguishing chamber, ruptures the diaphragm at the outlet of the fire extinguishing agent chamber, causing the fire extinguishing agent in the fire extinguishing agent chamber to be sprayed sequentially through the outlet of the fire extinguishing agent chamber and the concealed nozzle to the outside of the shell; and The pressure switch detects the rupture signal of the burst diaphragm and reports that the fire has been extinguished.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The method further includes: The warning information output by the processor and the fire extinguishing information reported by the pressure switch are transmitted through a multi-mode communication module within the communication power compartment formed inside the housing; and The power module inside the communication power compartment formed inside the housing provides operating power to the electrical components inside the housing.

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