Manual simulation continuous rill erosion development system based on field runoff plot

Abstract

A system for artificially simulating continuous rill erosion development based on a field runoff plot comprises: a combined type ridge system which is enclosed by a plurality of ridge branching units to form a test plot with a closed periphery and is internally provided with a rill flow channel through a separator plate; the artificial rainfall simulation system comprises a water storage tank, a flow-adjustable water pump, a combined pipeline and a diversion pipeline, the water and soil post-treatment system comprises a collecting pipe, a collecting barrel and a sediment monitor, the collecting pipe is communicated with the front end of the interior of the combined type enclosure ridge system, and the front end of the collecting pipe is connected with the collecting barrel and the sediment monitor; the pipeline erecting platform is arranged above the combined type surrounding ridge system; and the infrared distance meter is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the pipeline erecting table through a linear moving module. According to the system, the rainfall intensity and duration can be accurately controlled, the dependence on uncontrollable natural rainfall is avoided, the data acquisition efficiency is greatly improved, the test period is remarkably shortened, and the repeatability and comparability of test conditions are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of soil and water conservation monitoring technology, specifically to a system for artificially simulating continuous gully erosion development based on field runoff plots. Background Technology

[0002] Soil erosion is a major global environmental problem. Among them, gully erosion is one of the main ways of soil loss on slopes, which poses a serious threat to land productivity, ecological environment and water conservancy facilities. Field natural runoff plot observation is to set up standard plots under natural conditions and collect data by long-term monitoring of natural rainfall and the resulting runoff and sediment, so as to conduct precise and efficient observation and research on the occurrence, development process and mechanism of gully erosion.

[0003] Traditional field runoff plot studies are constrained by uncontrollable natural rainfall, making it difficult to control specific rainfall intensities. This results in low data collection efficiency, long experimental cycles, and cumbersome construction. Plot enclosures are prone to loosening during long-term experiments, affecting the plot's morphology. Due to the long experimental cycle, it is difficult to record the rate and manner of soil loss, and it is not easy to closely record data in real time according to the experimental progress. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art and provide an integrated artificial rainfall simulation system that can accurately control rainfall intensity and duration, get rid of dependence on uncontrollable natural rainfall, greatly improve data acquisition efficiency, significantly shorten the test cycle, and ensure the repeatability and comparability of test conditions.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: a continuous gully erosion development system based on artificial simulation of field runoff plots, comprising: The combined enclosure system consists of multiple enclosure sub-units that enclose a test area on all four sides, and fine ditch flow channels are laid out inside the test area through partitions; An artificial rainfall simulation system includes: a water storage tank, an adjustable flow water pump, a combined pipeline, and a diversion pipeline; the inlet of the adjustable flow water pump is connected to the water storage tank, and the outlet is connected to the combined pipeline. The combined pipeline is composed of self-closing pipes spliced ​​end to end. The self-closing pipes are connected to the diversion pipelines, and sprinkler heads are provided below the diversion pipelines. The soil and water post-treatment system includes: a collection pipe, a collection bucket, and a sediment monitoring instrument. The collection pipe is connected to the front end of the combined embankment system, and the collection bucket and sediment monitoring instrument are connected to the front end of the collection pipe. A pipe-laying platform is positioned above the combined embankment system to support the combined pipes and the branch pipes; an infrared rangefinder is fixedly installed at the bottom of the pipe-laying platform via a linear motion module.

[0006] Preferably, the edge of the embankment branch unit is provided with an edge combination plate; between adjacent embankment branch units, or in the combined state of the embankment branch unit and the collection pipe, the corresponding edge combination plates are tightly fitted together, and a branch reinforcement clip is sleeved on the outside of the fit.

[0007] Preferably, the outer edge of the edge assembly plate is bent to form a plate flange; the edge of the split reinforcing clip is in contact with the inner side of the plate flange.

[0008] Preferably, a reinforcing rod is hinged to the lower end of the outer surface of the reinforcing clip, and an internal hexagonal block is fixedly connected to the top end of the reinforcing rod, while a spiral anchor with a spiral structure is fixedly connected to the bottom end; the spiral anchor and the lower edge of the embankment branch unit are embedded in the soil layer of the measured area.

[0009] Preferably, a pipe connector is fixedly connected to the front end of the self-closing tube, a connector insert is connected to the front end of the pipe connector, a sealing plate is slidably connected inside the pipe connector, a sliding top pipe is fixedly connected in front of the sealing plate, and a pipe wall flow port is opened on the outer wall of the sliding top pipe.

[0010] Preferably, a sealing plate top spring is fixedly connected to the rear of the sealing plate, and the front self-closing tube is tightly inserted into the inner tube of the rear self-closing tube and fits against the front end of the sliding top tube.

[0011] Preferably, the spray head is connected to the diversion pipe and arranged below the pipe mounting platform; the upper edge of the side embankment junction unit is fixedly connected to a side plate platform, and the lower end of the pipe mounting platform is fixedly connected to a mounting bracket, which is slidably sleeved on the outside of the side plate platform.

[0012] Preferably, the side plate mounting platform has two mounting sockets above it, and the mounting base has two spiral sockets vertically. The spiral sockets are spirally connected to the spiral locking pins, and the lower end of the spiral locking pins is inserted into the mounting sockets.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention, based on an artificially simulated continuous gully erosion development system in field runoff plots, are as follows: (1) The field runoff plot in the system of the present invention has an artificial rainfall simulation system. Water is transported into the plot through the artificial rainfall simulation system, and the water is transported to the sprinkler head through the combination pipes and diversion pipes that are evenly distributed. The water is then sprayed into the plot through the sprinkler head, thereby simulating the natural rainfall in the outdoor environment and making the rainfall continuous. Compared with the existing observation method of natural rainfall, it can realize uninterrupted simulated rainfall and continuously wash the ground. The rainfall intensity can be controlled by adjusting the flow rate of the water pump in the artificial rainfall simulation system. Through the integrated artificial rainfall simulation system, the rainfall intensity and duration can be accurately controlled, eliminating the dependence on uncontrollable natural rainfall, greatly improving the data collection efficiency, significantly shortening the test cycle, and ensuring the repeatability and comparability of the test conditions. (2) In the system of the present invention, the combined pipe is used to transport water to the diversion pipes at different locations to achieve uniform distribution of rainfall. The combined pipe is formed by combining multiple self-closed pipes. The effective range of the artificial simulated rainfall system can be changed by selecting an appropriate number of self-closed pipes according to the length of the observed area. At the same time, the ends of the self-closed pipes have a self-connection function. After the first and last self-closed pipes are connected, the pipe connector automatically connects to the front self-closed pipe to transport water. When the self-closed pipes are disassembled, the pipe connector at the front end automatically closes. No special joints or tools are required to connect the pipes during the pipeline layout process, making the layout of the artificial simulated rainfall system more efficient and improving the construction and modification efficiency of the runoff area. (3) The combined embankment system in the present invention is formed by connecting the embankment sub-connecting unit and the collection pipe together. The edges are connected end to end by the edge combination connecting plate, and the two edge combination connecting plates are firmly locked by the sub-connecting reinforcement clamp. The combination splicing makes the embankment layout faster and the modification more flexible. The sub-connecting reinforcement clamp is reinforced by the spiral anchor screwed into the ground, making the combined embankment more solid and less susceptible to water erosion and loosening caused by soil movement. (4) In the system of the present invention, the soil and water post-treatment system can collect the soil and water in the community into the collection bucket through the collection pipe, which is convenient for calculating the ratio of water and soil in the sediment. It can also sample the outflowing sediment through the sediment monitoring instrument and monitor the ratio of water and soil in the sample to measure the total amount of soil loss during the simulation test. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a system flow diagram of an embodiment of the present invention based on an artificially simulated continuous gully erosion development system in a field runoff plot; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an embodiment of the present invention based on an artificially simulated continuous gully erosion development system in a field runoff plot; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A top-view structural diagram; Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention under disassembled condition, based on an embodiment of a continuous gully erosion development system artificially simulated in a field runoff plot. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the self-closing pipe body and the pipe support platform in an embodiment of the artificial simulation continuous ditch erosion development system in a field runoff plot of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the embankment branch unit and the branch reinforcement clip in an embodiment of the artificial simulation continuous gully erosion development system based on field runoff plots of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the self-closing pipe in an embodiment of the artificial simulation continuous ditch erosion development system in a field runoff plot of the present invention; Figure 8 yes Figure 5 A magnified schematic diagram of the local structure at point A; Figure 9 yes Figure 5 A magnified view of the structure at point B in the middle; Figure label: 1. Embankment branch unit; 101. Edge combination plate; 102. Plate fold; 103. Side plate joint; 104. Joint socket; 105. Partition; 2. Branch reinforcement clamp; 201. Reinforcement rod; 202. Spiral anchor; 3. Collection pipe; 4. Water storage tank; 5. Adjustable flow water pump; 6. Self-closing pipe body; 601. Pipe sleeve; 602. Sleeve sleeve insertion; 603. Sealing plug; 604. Sliding jacking pipe; 605. Pipe wall flow port; 606. Plug top spring; 7. Diversion pipe; 701. Sprinkler head; 8. Pipe erection platform; 801. Erection seat; 802. Spiral socket; 803. Spiral locking column; 9. Collection bucket; 10. Sediment monitor; 11. Infrared rangefinder; 12. Linear moving module. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0016] Example 1 Please refer to Figures 1-9 This invention provides a system for artificially simulating continuous gully erosion development based on field runoff plots, comprising: The combined enclosure system consists of multiple interconnected enclosure sub-units 1 forming a closed test plot. Fine drainage channels are laid within the test plot via partitions 105. Each enclosure sub-unit 1 has an edge combination plate 101 on both sides. When adjacent enclosure sub-units 1 are combined, the corresponding edge combination plates 101 are tightly fitted together, and a joint reinforcement clip 2 is fitted onto the outside of the fitted area. The outer edge of the edge combination plate 101 is bent to form a plate flange 102. The edge of the joint reinforcement clip 2 is fitted against the inner side of the plate flange 102. A reinforcement rod 2 is hinged to the lower end of the outer surface of the joint reinforcement clip 2. 01. The top of the reinforcing rod 201 is fixedly connected to an internal hexagonal screw block, and the bottom is fixedly connected to a spiral anchor 202 with a spiral structure. The spiral anchor 202 and the lower edge of the embankment sub-connection unit 1 are embedded in the soil layer of the measured area. The embankment sub-connection units 1 are connected to each other and enclosed to form an enclosure. The edges are joined end to end by edge combination plates 101, and the two edge combination plates 101 are firmly locked by the sub-connection reinforcement clamp 2. The combination splicing makes the embankment layout faster and the modification more flexible. The spiral anchor 202 is screwed into the ground to reinforce the sub-connection reinforcement clamp 2, making the combined embankment more solid and less susceptible to water erosion and loosening caused by soil movement. The artificial rainfall simulation system includes: a water storage tank 4, an adjustable flow water pump 5, a combined pipe and a diversion pipe 7; the inlet of the adjustable flow water pump 5 is connected to the water storage tank 4, and the outlet is connected to the combined pipe. The combined pipe is composed of self-closing pipes 6 spliced ​​end to end. The self-closing pipes 6 are connected to the diversion pipes 7, and sprinkler heads 701 are installed below the diversion pipes 7; the water storage tank 4 is connected to the water supply pipe. The adjustable flow water pump 5 transports the water inside the water storage tank 4 into the self-closing pipes 6, and finally distributes it evenly to the sprinkler heads 701, which then spray it evenly on the surface of the community. The soil and water post-treatment system includes: a collection pipe 3, a collection bucket 9, and a sediment monitoring instrument 10. The collection pipe 3 is connected to the front end of the combined embankment system. The front end of the collection pipe 3 is connected to the collection bucket 9 and the sediment monitoring instrument 10. The soil and water post-treatment system allows the soil and water inside the community to be collected and concentrated inside the collection bucket 9 through the collection pipe 3, which is convenient for calculating the ratio of water and soil in the sediment. The sediment monitoring instrument 10 can also sample the outflowing water and sediment mixture and monitor the water and soil ratio in the sample to measure the total amount of soil loss during the simulation test. A pipeline support platform 8 is installed above the combined embankment system to support the combined pipeline and the diversion pipeline. An infrared rangefinder 11 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the pipeline support platform 8 via a linear motion module 12. The linear motion module 12 on the top of the infrared rangefinder 11 pushes the infrared rangefinder 11 to move back and forth in a direction perpendicular to the runoff channel, so as to perform a more comprehensive and accurate measurement of the "U"-shaped ditch structure after runoff erosion. The rangefinder 11 monitors and records the width changes of the erosion and development process of the ditch in the measured runoff area in real time. The ditch width is calculated by combining the width change and the distance moved by the infrared rangefinder 11. The data is then transmitted to a remote terminal via a wireless network for recording the test data.

[0017] Example 2 Based on Embodiment 1, a pipe connector 601 is fixedly connected to the front end of the self-closing pipe body 6, a connector insert 602 is connected to the front end of the pipe connector 601, a sealing plug 603 is slidably connected inside the pipe connector 601, a sliding top pipe 604 is fixedly connected to the front of the sealing plug 603, and a pipe wall flow port 605 is opened on the outer wall of the sliding top pipe 604; a plug top spring 606 is fixedly connected to the rear of the sealing plug 603, the front self-closing pipe body 6 is tightly inserted into the connector insert 602 of the rear self-closing pipe body 6 and fits against the front end of the sliding top pipe 604; a spray head 701 is connected to the diversion pipe 7 and arranged below the pipe support platform 8; a side plate support platform 103 is fixedly connected to the upper edge of the side embankment branch unit 1, and a support base 801 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the pipe support platform 8, and the support base 801 is slidably sleeved on the outside of the side plate support platform 103; Two sockets 104 are provided above the side plate mounting platform 103. Two spiral sockets 802 are provided vertically on the mounting base 801. The spiral sockets 802 are spirally connected to the spiral locking post 803. The lower end of the spiral locking post 803 is inserted into the socket 104. The pipe mounting platform 8 is installed above the side embankment sub-unit 1 and spans over the community. It is used to support the diversion pipe 7, sprinkler head 701, infrared rangefinder 11, and self-closing pipe 6, so that they are evenly distributed above the community. Through the sliding connection between the mounting base 801 and the side plate mounting platform 103, and the insertion of the spiral locking post 803 and the socket 104, the pipe mounting platform 8 can be quickly installed. During the system assembly process, as the pipe mounting platform 8 is installed in the community from back to front, the multiple self-closing pipe sections 6 are connected and combined synchronously from back to front, and the connection stability of the self-closing pipe sections 6 is maintained.

[0018] The working process and usage of this invention, based on an embodiment of a continuous gully erosion development system artificially simulated in a field runoff plot, are as follows: First, a flat slope was selected in the experimental field area for the construction planning of the runoff plot. The planned location of the water storage tank 4 was upstream, and the location of the collection pipe 3 was downstream. After the planning was completed, the embankment branch unit 1 was installed. The lower end of the embankment branch unit 1 was inserted into the ground, and adjacent embankment branch units 1 were spliced ​​together by edge combination plates 101 and fitted with branch reinforcement clamps 2. Using tools, the reinforcement rod 201 was rotated to make the spiral anchor 202 rotate and anchor into the ground to reinforce the embankment branch unit 1. After the flow channels of the fine ditch were laid out in the experimental plot through the partitions 105, the gaps between the partitions 105 were... The flow channel is excavated in a shape that is high on both sides and low in the middle to guide the water flow as far as possible along the center direction between the partitions 105; then the water storage tank 4 and the adjustable flow pump 5 are installed, and the pipeline mounting platform 8 is installed sequentially from back to front above the runoff area, so that the mounting brackets 801 at both ends of the pipeline mounting platform 8 are sleeved on the side plate mounting platform 103, and the spiral locking column 803 is rotated so that its lower end is inserted into the mounting platform socket 104. During the installation of the pipeline mounting platform 8, the self-closing pipe body 6 is inserted into the connecting tube 602 of the self-closing pipe body 6 behind it, and the sliding jacking pipe 604 is pushed backward so that the self-closing pipe body 6 at the rear end is inside Water can pass through the flow port 605 in the pipe wall and enter the connecting pipe 602, realizing the connection of the two connected self-closing pipe bodies 6. After the runoff area is constructed, the adjustable flow water pump 5 is turned on to deliver water to the self-closing pipe body 6, and then evenly delivers it to the sprinkler head 701 through the diversion pipe 7. The sprinkler head 701 sprays water onto the ground of the runoff area, thus artificially mimicking natural rainfall. The linear motion module 12 pushes the infrared rangefinder 11 to move back and forth in a direction perpendicular to the runoff channel, so as to more comprehensively and accurately measure the "U"-shaped gully structure after runoff erosion. The system measures and records the width changes of gully erosion and development in the measured runoff plot in real time and accurately. It calculates the gully width by combining the width changes with the distance moved by the infrared rangefinder 11, and then transmits the data to a remote terminal via wireless network for recording the experimental data. Water and sediment mix and enter the collection pipe 3, allowing the soil and water inside the plot to be collected in the collection bucket 9 for concentration. This facilitates the calculation of the water-to-soil ratio in the sediment. The sediment monitor 10 can also sample the outflowing sediment and monitor the water-to-soil ratio in the sample to measure the total amount of soil loss during the simulation experiment.

Claims

1. A continuous gully erosion development system based on artificial simulation of field runoff plots, characterized in that, include: The combined embankment system consists of multiple embankment sub-units (1) forming a closed test area, and fine ditch flow channels are laid out inside the test area through partitions (105); The artificial rainfall simulation system includes: a water storage tank (4), an adjustable flow water pump (5), a combined pipe and a diversion pipe (7); the inlet of the adjustable flow water pump (5) is connected to the water storage tank (4), and the outlet is connected to the combined pipe. The combined pipe is composed of self-closing pipes (6) spliced ​​end to end. The self-closing pipes (6) are connected to the diversion pipe (7). A sprinkler head (701) is provided below the diversion pipe (7). The soil and water post-treatment system includes: a collection pipe (3), a collection bucket (9) and a sediment monitoring instrument (10). The collection pipe (3) is connected to the front end of the combined embankment system. The front end of the collection pipe (3) is connected to the collection bucket (9) and the sediment monitoring instrument (10). Pipeline support platform (8) is set above the combined embankment system to support the combined pipeline and the diversion pipeline; infrared rangefinder (11) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the pipeline support platform (8) via a linear motion module (12).

2. The system for artificially simulating continuous gully erosion development based on field runoff plots as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The edge of the embankment sub-connecting unit (1) is provided with an edge combination plate (101); between adjacent embankment sub-connecting units (1) or in the combined state of the embankment sub-connecting unit (1) and the collection pipe (3), the corresponding edge combination plates (101) are tightly fitted together, and a sub-connecting reinforcement clip (2) is sleeved on the outside of the fit.

3. The system for artificially simulating continuous gully erosion development based on field runoff plots as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The outer edge of the edge combination plate (101) is bent to form a plate flange (102); the edge of the split reinforcement clip (2) is in contact with the inner side of the plate flange (102).

4. The system for artificially simulating continuous gully erosion development based on field runoff plots as described in claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The lower end of the outer surface of the reinforcing clip (2) is hinged with a reinforcing rod (201). The top end of the reinforcing rod (201) is fixedly connected with an internal hexagonal block, and the bottom end is fixedly connected with a spiral anchor (202) with a spiral structure. The lower edge of the spiral anchor (202) and the embankment sub-connecting unit (1) is embedded in the soil layer of the measured area.

5. The system for artificially simulating continuous gully erosion development based on field runoff plots as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The front end of the self-closing tube (6) is fixedly connected to a pipe sleeve (601), the front end of the pipe sleeve (601) is connected to a sleeve insertion tube (602), a sealing plug plate (603) is slidably connected inside the pipe sleeve (601), a sliding jacking pipe (604) is fixedly connected in front of the sealing plug plate (603), and a pipe wall flow port (605) is opened on the outer wall of the sliding jacking pipe (604).

6. The system for artificially simulating continuous gully erosion development based on field runoff plots as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The sealing plate (603) is fixedly connected to the back of the sealing plate top spring (606), and the front self-closing tube (6) is tightly inserted into the inside of the connecting tube (602) of the rear self-closing tube (6) and fits against the front end of the sliding top tube (604).

7. The system for artificially simulating continuous gully erosion development based on field runoff plots as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The spray head (701) is connected to the diversion pipe (7) and arranged below the pipe mounting platform (8); the upper edge of the side embankment sub-connection unit (1) located on the side is fixedly connected to the side plate platform (103), and the lower end of the pipe mounting platform (8) is fixedly connected to the mounting base (801), which is slidably sleeved on the outside of the side plate platform (103).

8. The system for artificially simulating continuous gully erosion development based on field runoff plots according to claim 7, characterized in that, The side plate mounting plate (103) has two mounting plate sockets (104) on its upper part, and the mounting base (801) has two spiral sockets (802) vertically. The spiral sockets (802) are spirally connected to the spiral locking pins (803), and the lower end of the spiral locking pins (803) is inserted into the mounting plate sockets (104).

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