An order and inventory-based intelligent kit method, system, medium and product

Abstract

An order and inventory-based intelligent nesting method, system, medium and product, relating to the field of intelligent manufacturing and digital production management. The method comprises: calculating a lag time span value based on the planned assembly time of the parts to be produced, and calculating an inventory load value representing the load of advance production accordingly; arranging the benchmark parts to be produced in the near future on the raw material plate, and screening candidate filling parts that can be accommodated in the remaining discrete gap area; calculating the material recycling utility value brought by the candidate filling parts; when the material recycling utility value is greater than the inventory load value, the candidate filling parts are established as effective supplementary parts and the arrangement position is determined, and finally a nesting layout scheme is generated. The application quantitatively balances the material saving benefit and the inventory holding cost, solves the problem of overproduction of non-urgent parts and inventory accumulation caused by blindly pursuing plate utilization in related technologies, and realizes the balance between material utilization and production turnover efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of intelligent manufacturing and digital production management, and in particular to an intelligent nesting method, system, medium and product based on orders and inventory. Background Technology

[0002] In large-scale equipment manufacturing (such as shipbuilding and heavy steel structures), sheet metal cutting is the primary process throughout the entire production cycle, and raw materials account for a very high proportion of the cost. At the same time, product assembly places strict requirements on the timeliness of parts delivery and the efficiency of parts turnover. Traditional single-project or manual nesting methods are not only inefficient and have low material utilization, but also fail to meet the needs of lean manufacturing.

[0003] To address the issues of low material utilization and low production efficiency associated with manual layout, the industry has widely adopted cross-work-order automatic nesting optimization technology based on grouping technology and advanced heuristic algorithms. This technology can interface with an enterprise's production planning system to aggregate parts to be generated from different projects and at different time points into a large parts library. Utilizing computing power, it performs large-scale mixed calculations within standard steel plate dimensions, filling the gaps between large-sized parts with smaller parts to find the layout scheme with the highest geometric coverage. This technology greatly improves the area utilization rate of a single steel plate and significantly reduces waste generation.

[0004] However, in the equipment manufacturing scenarios emphasizing Just-In-Time (JIT) production and refined management, the relevant technological solutions prioritize maximizing the geometric utilization of sheet metal. This can lead to the selection of parts from the parts inventory that will not be assembled until a later production cycle to fill gaps in the current sheet metal. While these solutions make full use of materials during the cutting process, they result in the premature production of these delayed-demand parts. This not only increases the inventory backlog in the workshop's work-in-process (WIP) area but also increases the potential for damage, loss, or management costs of parts waiting in the workshop for extended periods, thereby reducing the overall production flow efficiency from material preparation to final assembly. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides an intelligent nesting method, system, medium, and product based on orders and inventory, for achieving a balance between material utilization and production flow efficiency.

[0006] Firstly, this application provides an intelligent nesting method based on orders and inventory, applied to a parts production management system, comprising: acquiring geometric boundary data of raw material plates to be cut, and acquiring a set of production tasks to be scheduled based on order information, the set of production tasks to be scheduled including the contour geometric data and planned assembly time of multiple parts to be produced; calculating the lag time span value of each part to be produced based on the current operation time and the planned assembly time; calculating the inventory load value of each part to be produced based on the lag time span value and the contour geometric data of the parts to be produced, the inventory load value being used as a quantitative indicator characterizing the degree of occupation of physical storage space on the production site and the degree of flow obstruction caused by the early production of the parts to be produced; and setting the lag time span value to a preset value. The parts to be produced with a certain threshold are used as reference parts, and the first arrangement position information of the reference parts within the geometric boundary of the raw material sheet is determined. Based on the geometric boundary data and the first arrangement position information, the parts to be produced whose contour geometric data can be accommodated in the remaining discrete void area within the raw material sheet are selected as candidate filling parts. Based on the degree of material utilization improvement after the candidate filling parts are filled into the corresponding void area, the material recycling utility value is calculated. When the material recycling utility value of the candidate filling part is greater than the inventory load value, the candidate filling part is established as an effective supplementary part, and the second arrangement position information of the effective supplementary part within the discrete void area is determined. Based on the first arrangement position information and the second arrangement position information, a nesting layout scheme is generated.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the parts production management system first uses the lag time span value to quantify and differentiate the urgency of parts production, prioritizing the scheduling of urgent baseline parts to ensure delivery milestones. Then, it introduces an inventory load value to numerically define the space occupation and management costs incurred by the advance manufacturing of parts to be produced. Based on this, the parts production management system does not blindly pursue sheet metal filling rates, but rather compares the material recovery benefits brought by candidate filling parts with the aforementioned inventory load value. Therefore, this solution only performs filling operations when the value of material savings covers the inventory costs of advance production, thereby improving raw material utilization and production flow efficiency while ensuring no ineffective inventory accumulation.

[0008] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the inventory load value of each part to be produced is calculated based on the lag time span value and the outline geometric data of the part to be produced. Specifically, this includes: determining the current inventory saturation coefficient based on inventory information, the inventory saturation coefficient being used to quantify the currently occupied space in the workshop or warehouse; calculating the basic holding cost of each part to be produced based on the outline geometric data and a preset unit area holding cost; and determining the inventory load value of each part to be produced based on the basic holding cost, the lag time span value, and the inventory saturation coefficient.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solutions, the parts production management system introduces an inventory saturation coefficient, so that the calculation of inventory costs is no longer a static fixed value, but is linked to the actual congestion level of the current workshop or warehouse. Combining the basic physical space occupation determined by the part contour geometry data and the time dimension occupation determined by the lag time span value, the parts production management system can restore the true cost of parts entering the warehouse in advance from multiple dimensions. Under high inventory pressure, the parts production management system will automatically increase the inventory load value, thereby tightening the entry threshold for nesting and filling, and vice versa. Ultimately, it realizes the adaptive linkage between nesting strategy and workshop logistics and warehousing status, ensuring a balance between material utilization and production flow efficiency, and avoiding logistics congestion caused by overproduction when warehousing space is tight.

[0010] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, based on geometric boundary data and first arrangement position information, parts to be produced whose contour geometric data can be contained within the remaining discrete void area of ​​the raw material sheet are selected as candidate filling parts. Specifically, this includes: within the geometric boundary of the raw material sheet, deducting the area corresponding to the first arrangement position information to obtain an initial remaining area; determining the heat-affected zone safety distance based on the material information of the reference part, and reducing the initial remaining area inward according to the heat-affected zone safety distance to calculate the effective safety area in the initial remaining area; determining the connected regions in the effective safety area whose area is greater than the area of ​​the minimum bounding rectangle of the part to be produced, and whose corresponding maximum inscribed circle diameter is greater than the minimum width of the part to be produced, as discrete void areas; and determining the parts to be produced whose contour geometric data can be completely contained within the discrete void areas as candidate filling parts.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, after obtaining the initial remaining area, the parts production management system does not directly utilize all geometric gaps. Instead, it introduces a heat-affected zone safety distance based on material properties to reduce the area inward, eliminating invalid areas that could lead to edge defects in adjacent parts. Furthermore, by screening connected regions with an area larger than the minimum circumscribed rectangle and a corresponding maximum inscribed circle diameter larger than the minimum width of the part to be produced, it filters out small gaps that cannot be clamped or cut using existing processes. In summary, this solution ensures that the spaces identified as discrete gap areas possess actual machinability and quality safety, guaranteeing the finished product quality of the parts.

[0012] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the first arrangement position information includes the first empty travel distance of the first cutting path and the first number of perforations; the second arrangement position information includes the second empty travel distance of the second cutting path and the second number of perforations; the material recycling utility value is calculated based on the degree of material utilization improvement after the candidate filling part fills the corresponding gap area, specifically including: obtaining the outline area of ​​the candidate filling part, and generating basic revenue data of the candidate filling part based on a preset unit area material value; calculating the cutting travel increment of the second empty travel distance relative to the first empty travel distance, and the perforation number increment of the second perforation number relative to the first perforation number; weighting and quantifying the cutting travel increment and the perforation number increment according to preset processing cost parameters to obtain processing loss data of the candidate filling part; calculating the difference between the basic revenue data and the processing loss data, and determining it as the material recycling utility value of the candidate filling part.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the parts production management system not only focuses on the value recovery of the material itself, but also takes into account the machine time loss during the processing. By calculating the increments of the second idle stroke distance and the number of piercings relative to the first state, the system isolates the marginal processing cost incurred solely from producing filling parts. After weighting and quantifying these physical increments with preset processing cost parameters, the actual loss data of the filling behavior can be obtained. Finally, by calculating the difference between the material value and the processing loss, the net material recovery utility value is derived. In summary, this solution avoids the situation where extremely complex paths or frequent piercings lead to tool wear and wasted time in order to save a small amount of material.

[0014] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, the candidate filling parts are established as effective supplementary parts, specifically including: when there are multiple material recycling utility values ​​in the discrete void region that are greater than the inventory load value, each candidate filling part is simulated to fill the discrete void region to obtain the final remaining region of the raw material sheet; the shape regularity of the final remaining region is calculated, where the shape regularity is the ratio of the maximum inscribed circle radius of the remaining space to the area of ​​the remaining space; and the candidate filling part corresponding to the maximum shape regularity value is established as an effective supplementary part.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the parts production management system introduces shape regularity as an evaluation dimension to post-evaluate the remaining sheet space when faced with multiple feasible filling schemes. By simulating filling and calculating the ratio of the radius of the largest inscribed circle to the area, the parts production management system can quantify the integrity and usability of the remaining material shape after filling. The parts production management system prioritizes filling parts that make the final remaining area more regular in shape, thereby optimizing the geometry of the remaining material. In summary, this solution makes the generated surplus material easier to reuse in subsequent standard orders, thereby improving the material's turnover and reuse rate throughout its entire life cycle.

[0016] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, after the step of establishing the candidate filling part as an effective replenishing part, or when the material recycling utility value of the candidate filling part is less than or equal to the inventory load value, the method further includes: calculating the maximum inscribed rectangle size of the final remaining area; when the maximum inscribed rectangle size is greater than or equal to a preset surplus material warehousing specification threshold, marking the final remaining area as recyclable surplus material and generating third layout position information, the third layout position information including at least the surplus material cutting line; when the maximum inscribed rectangle size is less than the preset surplus material warehousing specification threshold, marking the final remaining area as a waste area and generating fourth layout position information, the fourth layout position information including at least the shredding path of the waste area; at this time, generating the nesting layout scheme specifically includes: generating the nesting layout scheme based on the first layout position information, the second layout position information, and the third or fourth layout position information.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the parts production management system can identify whether the remaining materials have a physical basis for reuse by calculating the maximum inscribed rectangle size of the final remaining area. For leftover materials that meet the warehousing specifications, the parts production management system automatically generates cutting lines for whole-piece preservation. For areas that do not meet the standards, the parts production management system directly generates shredding paths to convert them into waste. Therefore, this solution moves the management of leftover materials, which originally required manual judgment, to the layout stage, ensuring that valuable leftover materials are fully recycled, while avoiding the occupation of inventory entries by small, worthless scraps, and achieving standardization and automation of on-site cleaning and material classification after cutting.

[0018] In conjunction with some embodiments of the first aspect, in some embodiments, after marking the final remaining area as recyclable surplus material, the method further includes: obtaining the current inventory saturation coefficient and calculating the surplus material holding cost of the final remaining area as an inventory item; calculating the expected reuse value of the surplus material in the final remaining area based on the geometric characteristics of the final remaining area and the preset material unit price; marking the final remaining area corresponding to the recyclable surplus material as a waste area when the expected reuse value of the surplus material is less than or equal to the surplus material holding cost; and establishing the recyclable surplus material as warehousing surplus material when the expected reuse value of the surplus material is greater than the surplus material holding cost.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the parts production management system, based on physical specification screening, further calculates the implicit cost of holding surplus materials by combining the current inventory saturation, and conducts a game analysis with the expected reuse value calculated based on geometric characteristics and unit price. When the holding cost is higher than the potential value, even if the surplus material meets the size requirements, the parts production management system classifies it as scrap. In summary, this solution prevents "low-value, high-storage-cost" zombie surplus materials from entering the warehouse, ensuring that every piece of surplus material entering the warehouse has positive economic retention value and reducing the ineffective use of warehousing resources.

[0020] In a second aspect, embodiments of this application provide a parts production management system, which includes: one or more processors and a memory; the memory is coupled to the one or more processors, and the memory is used to store computer program code, the computer program code including computer instructions, and the one or more processors call the computer instructions to cause the parts production management system to perform the methods described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0021] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product containing instructions that, when the computer program product is run on a parts production management system, cause the parts production management system to perform the method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0022] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium including instructions that, when executed on a parts production management system, cause the parts production management system to perform the method described in the first aspect and any possible implementation thereof.

[0023] Understandably, the parts production management system provided in the second aspect, the computer program product provided in the third aspect, and the computer storage medium provided in the fourth aspect are all used to execute the methods provided in the embodiments of this application. Therefore, the beneficial effects they can achieve can be referred to the beneficial effects in the corresponding methods, and will not be repeated here.

[0024] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0025] 1. By adopting a comparison mechanism between inventory load value and material recycling utility value, the inventory cost of producing parts in advance and the benefits of material savings are quantitatively weighed. Filling is only carried out when the benefits are greater than the costs. This effectively solves the problem in related technologies where lagging demand parts are selected to fill gaps due to blindly pursuing material utilization, resulting in inventory backlog and reduced turnover efficiency in the workshop. Thus, lean intelligent nesting is achieved while ensuring high material utilization, production turnover efficiency and low inventory costs.

[0026] 2. Because the inventory saturation coefficient is used to calculate the inventory load value, the cost weight of advance production of parts can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual space occupancy of the workshop or warehouse. This effectively solves the problem that the inventory cost calculation model in related technologies is fixed and static, and cannot reflect the current storage pressure, resulting in the continued production of non-urgent parts when inventory is tight. This achieves adaptive linkage between the nesting strategy and the actual storage status of the workshop, avoiding the risk of logistics congestion.

[0027] 3. By using the calculation of the cutting stroke increment of the second empty stroke distance relative to the first empty stroke distance and the piercing number increment of the second piercing number relative to the first piercing number to obtain processing loss data, the marginal processing cost additionally generated solely by the filling behavior is accurately identified and quantified. This effectively solves the problem in related technologies that only consider material area benefits while ignoring the reduction in cutting efficiency and tool wear costs caused by complex paths or frequent piercing. As a result, it ensures that the production of each filled part has a real net economic benefit, thereby improving overall production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an intelligent material nesting method based on orders and inventory in an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 2 This is another flowchart illustrating an intelligent material nesting method based on orders and inventory in an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the physical device structure of a parts production management system in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The terminology used in the following embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. As used in the specification of this application, the singular expressions “a,” “an,” “the,” “the,” and “this” are intended to include the plural expressions as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application refers to any or all possible combinations including one or more of the listed items.

[0032] Hereinafter, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as implying or suggesting relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature, and in the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more.

[0033] To facilitate understanding, the application scenarios of the embodiments of this application are described below.

[0034] In related technologies, the geometric utilization rate of raw material sheets can be maximized by employing cross-work-order automatic nesting optimization technology based on grouping technology and advanced heuristic algorithms. The following describes a scenario using an intelligent nesting method based on orders and inventory from this related technology.

[0035] In traditional sheet metal cutting scenarios, to maximize the utilization of individual steel sheets, the parts production management system, after arranging the urgently needed large-sized parts, searches the parts library for any small-sized parts that can fit the remaining gaps. At this point, the parts production management system often selects parts with delayed production cycles and long-term non-assembly needs to fill the gaps. While this method minimizes waste per steel sheet, it leads to the premature production of a large number of non-urgent parts, causing work-in-process inventory buildup in the workshop, consuming buffer resources, and increasing the difficulty of material management.

[0036] The intelligent nesting method based on orders and inventory in this application's embodiments determines effective replenishment parts by comparing the material recycling utility value and inventory load value of candidate filling parts. This achieves a dynamic balance between material saving benefits and inventory holding costs, ensuring reasonable material utilization and preventing the generation of ineffective inventory from the outset. The following describes a scenario using one of the intelligent nesting methods based on orders and inventory from this application.

[0037] In the scenario described in this application, after the parts production management system has arranged the urgently needed baseline parts on the raw material sheet, it identifies discrete gap areas. The parts production management system filters out candidate filling parts with suitable shapes (usually parts with delayed demand) and calculates their inventory load value due to advance production, as well as the material recycling utility value brought about by filling the gaps. If the inventory load value is greater than the material recycling utility value, the parts production management system will abandon filling the part and mark it as recyclable surplus material or plan it as a waste area according to the remaining space size; only when the material recycling utility value is greater than the inventory load value will the parts production management system establish the part as a valid supplementary part for layout.

[0038] It is evident that the intelligent nesting method based on orders and inventory in this application embodiment can generate nesting layout schemes that balance cost and efficiency, while also effectively solving the problems of workshop inventory backlog and low turnover efficiency caused by blindly pursuing fill rate in related technologies. This achieves lean production management with dual optimization of raw material utilization and production turnover efficiency.

[0039] To facilitate understanding, the method provided in this implementation will be described in detail below, using the above scenario as an example. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating an intelligent nesting method based on orders and inventory in an embodiment of this application.

[0040] S101. Obtain the geometric boundary data of the raw material sheet to be cut, and obtain the production task set to be scheduled based on the order information. The production task set to be scheduled contains the outline geometric data and planned assembly time of multiple parts to be produced.

[0041] Among them, the geometric boundary data of the raw material plate represents the outline and dimensional parameters of the steel plate to be cut, including geometric features such as length, width, and thickness, which is used to determine the effective area range that can be used for layout; order information refers to work order data from the enterprise's production planning system, including production-related information such as project number, delivery date, and bill of materials; the set of tasks to be scheduled represents the collection of all parts that need to be cut within the current production cycle, which is a list of parts to be processed based on order information; the outline geometric data of the parts to be produced refers to the outline information of each part, usually represented in CAD format files such as DXF and DWG, including geometric features such as the shape, size, and hole positions of the part; the planned assembly time represents the time node when each part is expected to be assembled and used in the production process, which is a key time parameter for measuring the urgency of part production.

[0042] Upon receiving a production order, the parts production management system first needs to acquire basic data to support subsequent intelligent nesting decisions. Specifically, the system interfaces with an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) or Manufacturing Execution System (MES) to obtain information on available raw material sheet metal, including sheet specifications, material type, and inventory location, and converts this information into standardized geometric boundary data. Simultaneously, based on order information from the production planning department, the system extracts a list of all parts to be produced and retrieves the CAD files of these parts from the design system or drawing library, parsing the part contour geometry data. Furthermore, the system extracts the planned assembly time for each part from the production planning system; this time is typically determined based on the project schedule and assembly process arrangement. The system integrates this data to form a set of tasks to be scheduled, serving as the foundation dataset for subsequent nesting optimization.

[0043] S102. Based on the current operation time and the planned assembly time, calculate the lag time span value of each part to be produced;

[0044] The current workspace represents the actual time when the parts production management system executes the nesting operation, typically using the system's current date and time. The lag time span value refers to the time difference between the planned assembly time and the current workspace time, used to quantify the urgency of parts production and the time span for advance production, usually calculated in days. A positive lag time span value indicates that the part has not yet reached its assembly deadline; the larger the value, the longer the time before actual need for use. A negative lag time span value indicates that the part has exceeded the planned assembly time and is considered an urgent part requiring delayed production.

[0045] After acquiring the set of tasks to be scheduled, the parts production management system needs to assess the urgency of each part in order to prioritize it during subsequent scheduling. Specifically, the system first obtains the current date and time as the current work time; then, it iterates through each part in the task set, extracting its planned assembly time; next, it calculates the lag time span value for each part using the formula: Lag Time Span Value = Planned Assembly Time - Current Work Time, typically converted to days; finally, it associates the calculated lag time span value with the corresponding part record, serving as a crucial basis for determining part priority and calculating inventory load in subsequent steps. Parts with negative lag time span values ​​are marked as high-priority parts and require priority production scheduling.

[0046] S103. Based on the lag time span value and the outline geometric data of the parts to be produced, calculate the inventory load value of each part to be produced. The inventory load value is used as a quantitative indicator to characterize the degree of occupation of physical storage space on the production site and the degree of circulation obstruction caused by the early production of the parts to be produced.

[0047] Inventory load is a quantitative indicator used to represent the combined negative impacts of premature production of parts, including space occupation, management costs, and loss risks in the workshop. The higher the inventory load, the greater the inventory pressure on the production system caused by premature production of the part. The calculation of inventory load usually considers the physical characteristics of the part (such as area and volume) and time factors (lag time span), as well as possible material characteristics, storage conditions, and other factors.

[0048] After calculating the lag time span for each part to be produced, the parts production management system needs to further assess the potential inventory pressure caused by early production of each part. Specifically, the parts production management system first calculates the basic geometric attributes of the parts, such as area and perimeter, from the outline geometric data of the parts to be produced. Then, combining the lag time span and the geometric attributes of the parts, the parts production management system applies a preset inventory load calculation model to calculate the inventory load value. This calculation model typically weights the physical dimensions of the parts (mainly area) with the lag time span, and may also consider factors such as material characteristics and storage difficulty. For parts with larger lag time span values, their inventory load values ​​will increase accordingly, indicating that longer early production will lead to higher inventory pressure. The parts production management system associates the calculated inventory load value with the corresponding part record as a basis for subsequent comparison with the material recycling utility value.

[0049] S104. Take the parts to be produced with a lag time span value less than the preset span threshold as reference parts, and determine the first row position information of the reference parts within the geometric boundary of the raw material sheet.

[0050] The preset span threshold represents a pre-defined time limit value used to distinguish between parts with near-term and far-term demand. This threshold is typically set based on the company's production cycle, assembly rhythm, and inventory management strategy, and can be a fixed value (e.g., 3 days, 7 days, or 14 days) or a value dynamically adjusted according to the current production load. The reference part refers to the part to be produced whose lag time span value is less than the preset span threshold; it represents parts that need to be assembled and used in the near future and should be prioritized for production. The first row position information indicates the specific placement and orientation of the reference part on the raw material sheet, including spatial positioning data such as the reference point coordinates of the part's outline and rotation angle, used to guide subsequent actual cutting operations. The first row position information is usually represented in a two-dimensional coordinate system, such as (x, y, θ), where x and y represent the position of the part's reference point in the sheet coordinate system, and θ represents the part's rotation angle.

[0051] After calculating the inventory load value of each part to be produced, the parts production management system needs to prioritize meeting near-term production needs to ensure timely production. Specifically, the parts production management system first filters parts in the set of tasks to be scheduled based on a preset span threshold, identifying parts with a lag time span value less than the preset span threshold as baseline parts; for parts with a negative lag time span value (i.e., already delayed), the parts production management system automatically classifies them as baseline parts and assigns them the highest priority; then, the parts production management system sorts the selected baseline parts according to priority (usually based on the size of the lag time span value); next, the parts production management system calls a geometric layout algorithm (such as the Bottom-Left algorithm, genetic algorithm, or simulated annealing algorithm, etc.) to find the optimal layout position for the baseline parts within the geometric boundaries of the raw material sheet; during the layout process, the parts production management system considers process parameters such as the minimum spacing requirements between parts (cutting gap), sheet edge constraints, and part orientation constraints; finally, the parts production management system determines the first layout position information for each baseline part, including its precise position and orientation in the sheet coordinate system.

[0052] S105. Based on the geometric boundary data and the first row position information, select the parts to be produced whose contour geometric data can be accommodated in the remaining discrete void area within the raw material plate, and use them as candidate filling parts.

[0053] Discrete void regions refer to the unoccupied irregular areas remaining on the raw material sheet after the baseline parts are arranged. These areas are usually scattered and have different shapes of blank areas. Candidate filling parts refer to the parts whose contour geometry data can be adapted to and placed into the discrete void regions in the set of production tasks to be scheduled. They are candidate objects that may be used to fill the voids to improve material utilization.

[0054] After completing the layout of the baseline parts, the parts production management system needs to identify the remaining space on the sheet metal and find suitable parts to fill it in order to improve material utilization. Specifically, the parts production management system first calculates and generates a map of discrete void areas on the raw material sheet based on the geometric boundary data and the determined first row layout information of the baseline parts. These void areas are the unoccupied areas remaining after the baseline parts are arranged. Then, the parts production management system selects parts with a lag time span value greater than a preset span threshold from the set of tasks to be scheduled as potential filling objects. Next, the parts production management system performs geometric matching analysis on the contour geometric data of each potential filling part and the identified discrete void areas to check whether the part can be placed in a certain void area, while considering the possible rotation angle and minimum cutting gap requirements of the part. During the matching process, the parts production management system tries multiple placement methods, including different reference point positions and rotation angles. For parts that can be placed in void areas, the parts production management system marks them as candidate filling parts and records their possible placement positions and orientation information. Finally, the parts production management system generates a list of candidate filling parts, with each candidate filling part associated with its placeable void area information and preliminary placement parameters.

[0055] S106. Calculate the material recycling utility value based on the degree of improvement in material utilization after the candidate filling parts are filled into the corresponding void areas.

[0056] Among them, the material utilization improvement degree represents the increase in sheet material utilization rate after the candidate filling part is placed in the discrete void area, compared to when only the reference part is placed; the material recycling utility value is a quantitative indicator used to characterize the material savings value that can be obtained by filling the candidate part, taking into account factors such as material cost and waste disposal cost.

[0057] After identifying candidate filler parts, the parts production management system needs to evaluate the filler value of each candidate part for comparison with the inventory load value. Specifically, the parts production management system first calculates the sheet metal utilization rate when only the baseline part is placed, which is the ratio of the total area of ​​the baseline part to the area of ​​the raw material sheet metal. Then, for each candidate filler part, the parts production management system calculates the new sheet metal utilization rate after it is filled into the corresponding gap area, which is the ratio of (total area of ​​the baseline part + area of ​​the candidate filler part) to the area of ​​the raw material sheet metal. Next, the parts production management system calculates the improvement in material utilization rate, which is the difference between the new sheet metal utilization rate and the baseline sheet metal utilization rate. Based on the improvement in material utilization rate, the parts production management system considers factors such as the unit area cost of the raw material sheet metal and the waste disposal cost to calculate the material recycling utility value of the candidate filler part. During the calculation process, the parts production management system also considers the differences in filler value in different areas. For example, filling small, irregular gaps that are difficult to reuse may have higher recycling utility. Finally, the parts production management system associates a material recycling utility value with each candidate filler part as an important basis for subsequent decision-making.

[0058] S107. When the material recycling utility value of the candidate filling part is greater than the inventory load value, the candidate filling part is established as an effective replenishment part, and the second arrangement position information of the effective replenishment part in the discrete void region is determined.

[0059] Among them, the effective supplementary parts refer to the candidate filler parts that are determined to be worth producing in advance after comparing the material recycling utility value with the inventory load value; the second row position information indicates the specific placement position and orientation of the effective supplementary parts in the discrete gap area of ​​the raw material sheet, including spatial positioning data such as the reference point coordinates and rotation angle of the part outline, which is used to guide the subsequent actual cutting operation. The second row position information is the same as the first row position information in terms of data structure, but the applicable objects are different. The former is applicable to the reference parts, and the latter is applicable to the effective supplementary parts.

[0060] After calculating the material recovery utility value of candidate filler parts, the parts production management system compares it with the inventory load value to determine whether it is worthwhile to produce the part ahead of schedule. Specifically, the parts production management system first extracts the pre-calculated inventory load value and material recovery utility value for each candidate filler part. Then, it compares these two values. When the material recovery utility value is greater than the inventory load value, it indicates that the material savings from filling the part outweigh the inventory costs incurred by producing it ahead of schedule, and the candidate filler part is established as a valid replenishment part. For candidate filler parts with a material recovery utility value less than or equal to the inventory load value, the parts production management system excludes them and does not produce them ahead of schedule. Finally, for each established valid replenishment part, the parts production management system determines the optimal placement position and orientation within its corresponding discrete gap region, generating second row layout information. When determining the second row layout information, the parts production management system considers factors such as cutting process requirements, minimum spacing between parts, and relative position to the reference part.

[0061] Optionally, in some embodiments, the parts production management system adopts a method of evaluating and optimizing placement one by one. Specifically, this includes calculating the difference between the material recovery utility value and the inventory load value (net benefit value) for each candidate filling part, sorting the candidate filling parts from largest to smallest according to the net benefit value, starting processing from the candidate filling part with the highest net benefit value, checking whether the material recovery utility value of the part is greater than the inventory load value, if it is greater, establishing it as an effective supplementary part, trying multiple possible placement positions and rotation angles in the corresponding discrete gap area, selecting the position that maximizes the utilization potential of the remaining space as the optimal placement scheme, generating second row position information containing precise coordinates and angles, updating the discrete gap area map to reflect the occupied space, and continuing to process the next candidate filling part until all candidate filling parts have been evaluated.

[0062] S108. Generate a nesting layout scheme based on the first row position information and the second row position information.

[0063] Among them, the nesting layout plan refers to the complete arrangement of all parts to be cut (including reference parts and effective supplementary parts), as well as the corresponding cutting instructions and process parameters. It is a technical document that guides CNC cutting equipment to perform actual cutting operations.

[0064] After determining the first row layout information of the baseline parts and the second row layout information of the effective supplementary parts, the parts production management system needs to integrate this information into an executable cutting plan. Specifically, the parts production management system first merges the first and second row layout information to form a complete parts layout; then, based on the geometric characteristics and relative positions of the parts, the parts production management system plans the optimal cutting path, including the cutting sequence, entry point position, and cutting direction, with the goal of minimizing the cutting head travel distance and avoiding the impact of thermal deformation on accuracy; next, based on the material properties and thickness, the parts production management system determines appropriate cutting process parameters, such as cutting speed, power / current, and air pressure; the parts production management system also generates unique identification information for each part, including part number, work order, and planned assembly time, which may be added to the cutting plan in the form of text tags or QR codes; finally, the parts production management system integrates all this information into a standard format nesting layout plan, including a visual layout graphic file and a machine-executable cutting code file; at the same time, the parts production management system also generates relevant production management documents, such as parts lists, material usage reports, and estimated cutting times, to support production planning and management.

[0065] In this embodiment, a decision-making mechanism is constructed that prioritizes the placement of baseline parts based on the lag time span value and compares the material recycling utility value and inventory load value of candidate filling parts. Therefore, only when the material savings and net processing benefits brought by filling the gaps cover the quantitative inventory costs generated by the early production of the parts, are the candidate filling parts established as effective supplementary parts and the final nesting layout scheme is generated. This effectively solves the problem in related technologies where the pursuit of maximizing the geometric utilization rate of sheet metal is ignored, resulting in the premature production of parts with lag demand and the backlog of work-in-process inventory in the workshop. This achieves lean intelligent nesting with synergistic optimization of raw material cost savings and production flow efficiency.

[0066] Based on the above embodiments, the method provided in this embodiment will be described in further detail below. Please refer to... Figure 2 This is another flowchart illustrating an intelligent nesting method based on orders and inventory in an embodiment of this application.

[0067] S201. Obtain the geometric boundary data of the raw material sheet to be cut, and obtain the production task set to be scheduled based on the order information. The production task set to be scheduled contains the outline geometric data and planned assembly time of multiple parts to be produced.

[0068] S202. Based on the current operation time and the planned assembly time, calculate the lag time span value of each part to be produced;

[0069] Steps S201, S202 and Figure 1The steps S101 and S102 of the above embodiments are described similarly and will not be repeated here.

[0070] S203. Based on the lag time span value and the outline geometric data of the parts to be produced, calculate the inventory load value of each part to be produced. The inventory load value is used as a quantitative indicator to characterize the degree of occupation of physical storage space on the production site and the degree of circulation obstruction caused by the early production of the parts to be produced.

[0071] This step specifically includes:

[0072] The current inventory saturation coefficient is determined based on inventory information. The inventory saturation coefficient is used to quantify the current occupied space in the workshop or warehouse.

[0073] The basic holding cost of each part to be produced is calculated based on the contour geometry data and the preset unit area holding cost.

[0074] The inventory load value of each part to be produced is determined based on the basic holding cost, the lag time span value, and the inventory saturation coefficient.

[0075] Among them, the inventory saturation coefficient represents the proportion of space currently occupied in the workshop or warehouse. It is a quantitative indicator for measuring the degree of inventory backlog and is used to dynamically adjust inventory holding costs. The basic holding cost refers to the basic storage cost incurred by parts occupying space in the workshop or warehouse. The unit area holding cost refers to the standard storage cost per unit area (e.g., per square meter) of parts per unit time (e.g., per day). This parameter is usually determined based on factors such as the company's warehousing costs, site rental, and management fees, and is a key parameter for quantifying inventory costs.

[0076] After calculating the lag time span for each part to be produced, the parts production management system needs to further quantify the potential inventory pressure caused by early production of each part. Specifically, the parts production management system first calculates the current inventory saturation coefficient, which reflects the tightness of the current inventory space. This coefficient can be dynamically calculated or set based on warehouse capacity, the proportion of occupied space, and the company's inventory strategy. Then, the parts production management system calculates the area of ​​each part based on its outline geometry data and multiplies the part area by a preset unit area holding cost. This unit area holding cost can be calculated annually or updated periodically based on actual operating costs such as workshop or warehouse rental fees, equipment depreciation, and labor management costs to obtain the basic holding cost for each part. This cost represents the basic cost of the part occupying inventory space each day. Next, the parts production management system multiplies the basic holding cost by the lag time span to obtain the cumulative holding cost of the part over the entire waiting period. Finally, considering the impact of the current inventory situation, the parts production management system multiplies the cumulative holding cost by an adjustment factor for the inventory saturation coefficient to obtain the final inventory load value. When the inventory saturation coefficient is high, the adjustment factor will increase accordingly, indicating that producing parts in advance will bring higher inventory pressure when inventory is tight; conversely, when the inventory saturation coefficient is low, the adjustment factor will decrease accordingly, indicating that when inventory space is sufficient, the negative impact of producing in advance is small.

[0077] Optionally, in this embodiment, the formula for calculating the inventory load value can be:

[0078] in, The outline area of ​​the part to be manufactured, in square meters; This is the preset basic occupancy coefficient per unit area, with the unit being load units per square meter per day; β represents the lag time span, in days; β is the current inventory saturation coefficient.

[0079] For example, there is a candidate filled part A with a contour area of... =0.5m 2 The planned assembly time is 10 days from now. =10.

[0080] Scenario 1: When inventory is sufficient, the workshop sensors indicate that the current stacking area is empty, and the inventory saturation coefficient β=0.8.

[0081] At this time, the inventory load value .

[0082] Scenario 2: When inventory is congested, the workshop sensors indicate that the stacking area is full, the AGV channel is blocked, and the inventory saturation coefficient β=1.2.

[0083] At this time, the inventory load value .

[0084] Therefore, when the physical space is congested, the parts production management system automatically calculates a higher inventory load value, thereby raising the "entry threshold" for the early production of the part and avoiding the continued pushing of materials when the workshop is already congested from an algorithmic perspective.

[0085] S204. Take the parts to be produced with a lag time span value less than the preset span threshold as reference parts, and determine the first row position information of the reference parts within the geometric boundary of the raw material sheet.

[0086] Step S204 and Figure 1 The description of step S104 in the embodiment is similar and will not be repeated here.

[0087] S205. Based on the geometric boundary data and the first row position information, select the parts to be produced whose contour geometric data can be accommodated in the remaining discrete void area within the raw material plate, and use them as candidate filling parts.

[0088] This step specifically includes:

[0089] Within the geometric boundaries of the raw material sheet, the area corresponding to the first row of layout information is subtracted to obtain the initial remaining area;

[0090] Based on the material information of the reference part, the safe distance of the heat-affected zone is determined, and the initial remaining area is reduced inward according to the safe distance of the heat-affected zone to calculate the effective safe area in the initial remaining area.

[0091] The connected regions within the effective safety area whose area is greater than the area of ​​the minimum bounding rectangle of the part to be produced, and whose corresponding maximum inscribed circle diameter is greater than the minimum width of the part to be produced, are defined as discrete void regions.

[0092] Parts whose contour geometry data can be completely contained within discrete void regions are identified as candidate filling parts.

[0093] The initial residual domain refers to the area remaining within the geometric boundary of the raw material sheet after deducting the space occupied by the already arranged reference parts. It is the initial data for further processing to determine the space available for filling. The heat-affected zone safety distance refers to the safe distance that takes into account the potential impact of heat conduction on adjacent areas during the cutting process. This distance is usually related to material properties (such as thermal conductivity and melting point), thickness, and cutting process (such as laser, plasma, and flame cutting). The effective safe area refers to the actual area available for placing parts after deducting the heat-affected zone from the initial residual area. The minimum circumscribed rectangle area refers to the area of ​​the smallest rectangle that can completely enclose the outline of the part to be produced.

[0094] After determining the initial layout positions of the reference parts, the parts production management system needs to identify the available space on the sheet metal and find suitable parts to fill it. Specifically, the system first subtracts the area occupied by all reference parts according to the initial layout positions from the geometric boundary data of the raw material sheet metal, obtaining an initial remaining area. This area represents the space theoretically available for placing other parts. Then, based on the material information of the reference parts (such as steel type and thickness) and cutting process parameters, the system determines the safety distance for the heat-affected zone. This distance typically increases with material thickness, potentially being 1.5-2 times the material thickness for ordinary carbon steel and even larger for special alloys. Next, the system performs an inward reduction process on the initial remaining area (similar to an erosion operation in image processing), with the reduction distance equal to the heat-affected zone safety distance, resulting in a space that takes heat-affected factors into account. The effective safety region is then identified. The parts production management system performs connected component analysis on the effective safety region to identify independent void regions and calculates the area of ​​each connected component. The system then filters connected components whose area is greater than the area of ​​the minimum bounding rectangle of the part to be produced, and whose corresponding maximum inscribed circle diameter is greater than the minimum width of the part to be produced. These regions are identified as discrete void regions that can be used for filling. Finally, the parts production management system performs geometric matching analysis on parts whose production scheduling task lag time span is greater than a preset span threshold. It checks whether the contour geometry of each part can be completely contained within a discrete void region, while also considering the possible rotation angle and minimum cutting gap requirements of the part. Parts that meet the conditions are identified as candidate filling parts.

[0095] S206. Calculate the material recycling utility value based on the degree of improvement in material utilization after the candidate filling parts are filled into the corresponding void areas.

[0096] The first arrangement position information includes the first empty travel distance of the first cutting path and the first number of perforations;

[0097] The second arrangement position information includes the second empty travel distance and the second number of perforations in the second cutting path;

[0098] This step specifically includes:

[0099] Obtain the contour area of ​​the candidate filling parts, and generate basic revenue data of the candidate filling parts based on the preset material value per unit area;

[0100] Calculate the cutting stroke increment of the second empty travel distance relative to the first empty travel distance, and the piercing number increment of the second piercing number relative to the first piercing number;

[0101] Based on preset processing cost parameters, the cutting stroke increment and the piercing number increment are weighted and quantified to obtain the processing loss data of candidate filling parts;

[0102] The difference between the basic revenue data and the processing loss data is calculated and determined as the material recovery utility value of the candidate filler parts.

[0103] The first cutting path represents the movement trajectory of the cutting tool when cutting the reference part, including the cutting line and the idle travel route of the tool. The first idle travel distance refers to the total distance the cutting tool travels without actually cutting in the first cutting path, and these idle travels usually occur during the process of moving to the starting point of the next part after cutting one part. The first piercing count represents the total number of piercing operations required when cutting only the reference part. Each piercing operation refers to the process of the cutting tool penetrating vertically from the surface of the sheet metal to complete penetration, which usually occurs at the cutting starting point of each closed contour. The second cutting path represents the complete cutting tool movement trajectory after cutting the candidate filling part. The second idle travel distance refers to the total idle travel distance of the cutting tool in the second cutting path. The second piercing count represents the total idle travel distance of the cutting tool when cutting the reference zero. The total number of piercing operations required for both the original and candidate filler parts; the basic revenue data represents the raw material cost savings from recycling candidate filler parts, typically related to part area and material unit price; the cutting stroke increment represents the additional cutting tool idle travel distance due to the addition of candidate filler parts; the piercing count increment represents the additional piercing operations due to the addition of candidate filler parts; the processing loss data represents the increased processing cost due to cutting candidate filler parts, including additional cutting time, energy consumption, tool wear, etc.; the preset unit area material value refers to the market price or internal accounting price of a unit area of ​​sheet metal, used to calculate the economic value of material savings; the preset processing cost parameters include unit distance idle travel cost and unit piercing count cost, used to quantify the additional processing costs during the cutting process.

[0104] After identifying candidate filler parts, the parts production management system needs to evaluate the filler value of each candidate part to compare with the inventory load value and determine whether it is worthwhile to produce them ahead of schedule. Specifically, the parts production management system first obtains the outline area of ​​the candidate filler part and multiplies it by a preset material value per unit area. This value can be determined based on the market purchase price of raw materials, the supplier contract price, or the company's internal accounting standards to calculate the basic material savings that filling the part may bring. Then, the parts production management system calculates a first cutting path that only cuts the baseline part and a second cutting path after adding the candidate filler part. These cutting paths include detailed information such as cutting sequence, entry point position, and cutting direction. Next, the parts production management system extracts the first idle travel distance and the first number of piercings from the first cutting path, and extracts the second idle travel distance and the second number of piercings from the second cutting path. The system calculates the cutting stroke increment (second empty stroke distance minus first empty stroke distance) and the piercing number increment (second piercing number minus first piercing number). Then, the parts production management system, based on preset processing cost parameters (such as unit distance empty stroke cost and unit piercing cost), performs detailed calculations and settings according to equipment model, cutting process, energy consumption, tool / nozzle wear, equipment maintenance costs, and production time costs. It then weights and quantifies the cutting stroke increment and piercing number increment to obtain processing loss data for candidate filling parts. Finally, the parts production management system calculates the difference between the basic revenue data and the processing loss data, determining it as the material recovery utility value of the candidate filling parts.

[0105] Optionally, in this embodiment, the formula for calculating the material recycling utility value can be:

[0106] in, This represents the unit value of the raw material sheet. To cut the stroke increment, if the cut stroke increment is negative, it is treated as a revenue term in the formula; The idle stroke loss parameter represents the unit cost of the equipment's servo motor operation and guide rail wear. Increment of the number of perforations; This is the single-pass piercing loss parameter. Since laser / plasma cutting causes the most damage to the nozzle and protective lens during the piercing instant, this parameter is usually set relatively high (e.g., 5 yuan / pass).

[0107] S207. When the material recycling utility value of the candidate filling part is greater than the inventory load value, the candidate filling part is established as an effective replenishment part, and the second arrangement position information of the effective replenishment part in the discrete void region is determined.

[0108] This step specifically includes:

[0109] When multiple material recycling utility values ​​in the discrete void region are greater than the inventory load value, each candidate filling part is simulated to fill the discrete void region to obtain the final remaining area of ​​the raw material plate.

[0110] Calculate the shape regularity of the final remaining region, which is the ratio of the radius of the largest inscribed circle of the remaining space to the area of ​​the remaining space;

[0111] Candidate filling parts corresponding to the maximum shape regularity value are identified as valid supplementary parts.

[0112] Among them, the final remaining domain represents the unoccupied area remaining on the raw material sheet after placing the reference part and the candidate filling part, which is an important reference for evaluating the quality of the filling scheme; the shape regularity is a quantitative indicator used to evaluate the regularity and usability of the shape of the remaining area, and is calculated as the ratio of the radius of the largest inscribed circle of the remaining space to the area of ​​the remaining space.

[0113] After calculating the material recycling utility value of candidate filling parts, the parts production management system needs to compare it with the inventory load value to determine whether it is worthwhile to produce the part in advance and select the optimal filling scheme from multiple candidate schemes. Specifically, the parts production management system first extracts the pre-calculated inventory load value and material recovery utility value for each candidate filler part. Then, the system compares these two values. When the material recovery utility value is greater than the inventory load value, it indicates that the material savings from filling the part outweigh the inventory costs incurred by early production. In this case, the candidate filler part is preliminarily identified as a potential effective supplementary part. For candidate filler parts with a material recovery utility value less than or equal to the inventory load value, the system excludes them and does not produce them in advance. Next, the system checks whether there are multiple candidate filler parts with material recovery utility values ​​greater than the inventory load value that can be placed in the same discrete void area. If this is the case, the system needs to further evaluate which candidate filler part is more suitable as an effective supplementary part. To this end, the system simulates the filling of discrete void areas by each candidate filler part, calculates the final remaining area after filling, and evaluates the shape regularity of these remaining areas. The higher the shape regularity value, the more regular the shape of the remaining material, and the larger the maximum usable area inside, thereby increasing the potential and value of the surplus material for future reuse. The parts production management system selects the scheme with the highest shape regularity, that is, selects the candidate filling parts with the most regular shape of the remaining space after filling as effective supplementary parts; finally, for the established effective supplementary parts, the parts production management system determines the optimal placement position and orientation in the corresponding discrete gap area and generates the second row layout position information.

[0114] S208. After a candidate filling part is established as a valid replenishment part, or when the material recycling utility value of the candidate filling part is less than or equal to the inventory load value, calculate the maximum inscribed rectangle size of the final remaining area.

[0115] The maximum inscribed rectangle size represents the geometric dimensions of the largest rectangle that can be completely contained within the final remaining area. In practical applications, a maximum inscribed rectangle with a specific aspect ratio is sometimes considered to match standard sheet metal specifications.

[0116] After establishing the availability of effective replacement parts, or when the material recycling utility value of all candidate filler parts is less than or equal to the inventory load value, the parts production management system needs to assess the reuse value of the remaining materials. Specifically, the parts production management system first obtains the geometric boundary data of the final remaining area, which is the unoccupied area remaining after all reference parts and effective replacement parts (if any) are placed on the raw material sheet. Then, the parts production management system applies a computational geometry algorithm to find the largest inscribed rectangle within the final remaining area. This algorithm needs to consider the irregular shape of the remaining area and possible internal holes. During the calculation process, the parts production management system may try different rectangle orientations and positions to find the inscribed rectangle with the largest area. For remaining areas with complex shapes, the parts production management system may need to decompose them into multiple sub-regions, calculate the largest inscribed rectangle for each sub-region, and then select the one with the largest area. Finally, the parts production management system records the dimensional parameters of the found largest inscribed rectangle, including length, width, and area. These parameters will be used to subsequently determine whether the remaining material is worth storing as surplus material. In practical applications, the parts production management system may also consider the company's commonly used standard sheet specifications, prioritizing the search for the largest inscribed rectangle that conforms to these specifications to improve the usability of the surplus material.

[0117] S209. When the maximum inscribed rectangle size is greater than or equal to the preset threshold for surplus material storage, the final remaining area is marked as recyclable surplus material.

[0118] Among them, the preset threshold for the specifications of surplus materials for warehousing refers to the minimum size standard of surplus materials set by the enterprise in advance. This threshold is usually set based on the enterprise's commonly used part size distribution, surplus material management policy, and the load capacity of the inventory space. It can be a single area threshold (such as 0.1 square meters) or a composite threshold that considers both length and width (such as length ≥ 300 mm and width ≥ 200 mm). Recyclable surplus materials refer to the remaining materials that are considered to have reuse value after evaluation and are worth cutting, storing and managing separately.

[0119] After calculating the maximum inscribed rectangle size of the final remaining area, the parts production management system needs to determine whether the remaining material has sufficient reuse value. Specifically, the parts production management system first obtains a preset threshold for the specifications of surplus material entering the warehouse; then, the parts production management system compares the calculated maximum inscribed rectangle size with the preset threshold; if the size of the maximum inscribed rectangle (usually the area, or both length and width meet the requirements) is greater than or equal to the preset threshold for the specifications of surplus material entering the warehouse, it indicates that the remaining material has sufficient size to be reused in future production, and the parts production management system marks the final remaining area as recyclable surplus material.

[0120] S210. Obtain the current inventory saturation coefficient and calculate the remaining material holding cost as inventory item in the final remaining area;

[0121] Among them, the cost of holding surplus materials represents the comprehensive costs incurred in terms of storage, management, and capital occupation after the surplus materials are put into storage as surplus materials and before they are reused.

[0122] After marking the final remaining area as recyclable scrap, the parts production management system needs to further evaluate the economic rationale for storing the scrap. Specifically, the parts production management system first queries the inventory management module in the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) or Manufacturing Execution System (MES) to obtain the current inventory usage in the workshop or warehouse and calculates the current inventory saturation coefficient. Then, the parts production management system extracts basic features such as the area and perimeter of the surplus material from the geometric data of the final remaining area. Next, based on the area of ​​the surplus material and a preset basic holding cost per unit area (similar to the holding cost calculation for parts), the parts production management system calculates the basic holding cost of the surplus material. Considering that surplus materials are typically stored for a long time and have high usage uncertainty, the parts production management system applies an expected storage time coefficient. This coefficient can be empirically set or derived through data analysis based on historical surplus material outbound cycle statistics, the versatility of surplus materials, and market demand forecasts, reflecting the average storage cycle of surplus materials of different sizes and shapes. Subsequently, the parts production management system multiplies the basic holding cost by the expected storage time coefficient to obtain the time-adjusted holding cost of the surplus material. Finally, considering the impact of the current inventory status, the parts production management system multiplies the time-adjusted holding cost by the adjustment factor of the inventory saturation coefficient to obtain the final holding cost of the surplus material.

[0123] S211. Calculate the expected recycling value of the remaining materials in the final remaining area based on the geometric characteristics of the final remaining area and the preset material unit price;

[0124] Among these, the expected value of surplus material represents the potential economic value of the remaining area as reusable material, and is a key indicator for assessing whether surplus material is worth storing; geometric characteristics refer to the geometric attributes of the remaining area, such as shape, area, perimeter, and regularity; the preset material unit price refers to the market price or internal accounting price per unit area or weight of the raw material sheet, usually determined based on factors such as material type, thickness, and market supply and demand, and is the basic parameter for calculating the value of surplus material. The preset material unit price may be updated periodically with market fluctuations, or it may be fixed for a period of time based on long-term agreements between the company and its suppliers.

[0125] After marking the final remaining area as recyclable scrap and calculating its holding cost, the parts production management system needs to assess the potential economic value of this scrap. Specifically, the parts production management system first extracts key features from the geometric data of the final remaining area; then, it obtains a preset material unit price, which is typically based on material type, thickness, and current market conditions; next, it calculates the basic value of the scrap, i.e., the effective area multiplied by the material unit price; considering the impact of the scrap's shape characteristics on its actual utilization value, the parts production management system applies a shape value adjustment coefficient, which can be weighted according to factors such as the regularity of the scrap's shape (e.g., the closer it is to a rectangle or circle, the higher the coefficient), the degree of dimensional standardization, and the ease of subsequent processing; finally, the parts production management system multiplies the basic value by the shape value adjustment coefficient to obtain the final expected recycling value of the scrap.

[0126] S212. When the expected recycling value of the scrap is less than or equal to the scrap holding cost, the final remaining area corresponding to the recyclable scrap will be marked as a waste area.

[0127] Among them, the waste area refers to the area of ​​remaining materials that have been determined to be unworthy of storage after economic evaluation. These areas are usually shredded and recycled or disposed of as waste.

[0128] After calculating the expected recycling value of surplus materials, the parts production management system needs to compare it with the surplus material holding cost. Specifically, the parts production management system first extracts the surplus material holding cost and the expected recycling value calculated in the previous steps; then, it compares these two values; when the expected recycling value of the surplus material is less than or equal to the surplus material holding cost, it indicates that the cost of storing the surplus material exceeds or equals its potential economic value, and from an economic perspective, it is not worth storing it; in this case, the parts production management system re-marks the final remaining area, originally marked as recyclable surplus material, as a waste area.

[0129] S213. When the expected reuse value of the scrap material is greater than the holding cost of the scrap material, the recyclable scrap material is identified as the scrap material to be put into storage, and the third row location information is generated. The third row location information includes at least the scrap material cutting line.

[0130] Among them, the scrap cutting line represents the cutting path that separates the scrap material from waste or other parts, and is the core content of the third row of layout position information; the third row of layout position information refers to the spatial positioning and cutting parameter data used to guide the cutting equipment to separate and save the scrap material, including the precise coordinates of the scrap cutting line, the cutting sequence, the cutting process parameters, and other information.

[0131] After comparing the expected recycling value of surplus materials with the holding cost, the parts production management system needs to confirm that the surplus materials are worth storing and generate corresponding cutting instructions. Specifically, the parts production management system first confirms that the expected recycling value of the surplus materials is greater than the holding cost, indicating that the economic benefits of storing the surplus materials exceed their storage costs, making it economically worthwhile to store them. Then, the parts production management system formally establishes the recyclable surplus materials as stored surplus materials and updates their status flag in the database. Next, based on the geometric boundary of the final remaining area, the parts production management system designs the optimal cutting lines for the surplus materials. The cutting lines are typically designed along the boundary of the final remaining area or the boundary of its largest inscribed rectangle. Finally, the parts production management system generates complete third-row layout position information for these cutting lines.

[0132] S214. When the maximum inscribed rectangle size is less than the preset threshold for the remaining material storage specification, the final remaining area is marked as a waste area, and the fourth arrangement position information is generated. The fourth arrangement position information includes at least the chopping path of the waste area.

[0133] Among them, the shredding path refers to the cutting line trajectory used to cut the waste area into small pieces for recycling. It is usually in the form of a grid or parallel lines. The purpose is to divide large areas of waste into small pieces that are easy to transport and process. The fourth row of position information represents the spatial positioning and cutting parameter data that guides the cutting equipment to shred the waste area, including the precise coordinates of the shredding path, the cutting sequence, and the cutting process parameters.

[0134] After calculating the maximum inscribed rectangle size of the final remaining area, the parts production management system needs to mark the area as waste and plan its handling method when it finds that this size is smaller than the preset waste material storage specification threshold. Specifically, the parts production management system first compares the maximum inscribed rectangle size with the preset waste material storage specification threshold; when the maximum inscribed rectangle size is smaller than the preset threshold, it indicates that the remaining material is too small or too irregular in shape, and does not have the value of being stored as waste material; then, the parts production management system marks the final remaining area as a waste area and updates its status label in the database; next, the parts production management system designs the optimal shredding path based on the geometry and area of ​​the waste area. These paths are usually grid-like or parallel lines; when designing the shredding path, the parts production management system considers the process characteristics of the cutting equipment, the thickness and material of the waste, etc. The system takes into account the enterprise's waste disposal process requirements. For example, for a large waste area, orthogonal grid cutting lines with a spacing of 100-200mm may be designed; for a long and narrow waste area, parallel cutting lines perpendicular to the long side may be designed. Subsequently, the parts production management system generates complete fourth row layout information for these shredding paths, including the precise coordinates of the cutting lines, cutting sequence, infeed point position, cutting speed, and other parameters. Typically, the cutting parameters for waste shredding are set to a higher speed and a lower precision requirement to improve processing efficiency. Finally, the parts production management system saves the fourth row layout information as part of the final nesting layout scheme.

[0135] S215. Generate a nesting layout scheme based on the first row position information, the second row position information, and the third or fourth row position information.

[0136] Step S215 and Figure 1 The description of step S108 in the embodiment is similar and will not be repeated here.

[0137] In this embodiment, the calculation of dynamic inventory load value based on inventory saturation coefficient is refined, processing loss data including cutting stroke increment and piercing number increment is introduced to correct the material recycling utility value, and the logic of residual material disposal based on the game between the expected reuse value of residual material and the holding cost of residual material is added. Therefore, the system can not only accurately determine whether to produce filler parts in advance from the two dimensions of net processing revenue and dynamic warehousing pressure, but also automatically evaluate the economics of the final remaining area after the nesting is completed to intelligently generate the residual material cutting line or shredding path. This effectively solves the problems of static inventory cost estimation, ignoring the cutting efficiency loss caused by filler parts, and high cost inventory backlog or high value material waste caused by the lack of economic evaluation of residual scrap management in related technologies. Thus, it achieves cost optimization and lean control covering the entire process of production scheduling, cutting and processing and residual material management.

[0138] The parts production management system in the embodiments of this invention is described below from the perspective of hardware processing. Please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the physical device structure of a parts production management system in this application embodiment.

[0139] It should be noted that, Figure 3 The structure of the parts production management system shown is merely an example and should not impose any limitations on the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0140] like Figure 3 As shown, the parts production management system includes a CPU 301, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes based on a program stored in the read-only memory ROM 302 or a program loaded from the storage section 308 into the random access memory RAM 303, such as executing the methods described in the above embodiments. The RAM 303 also stores various programs and data required for system operation. The CPU 301, ROM 302, and RAM 303 are interconnected via a bus 304. An I / O interface 305 is also connected to the bus 304.

[0141] The following components are connected to I / O interface 305: input section 306 including audio input devices, push-button switches, etc.; output section 307 including a liquid crystal display (LCD) and audio output devices, indicator lights, etc.; storage section 308 including a hard disk, etc.; and communication section 309 including a network interface card such as a LAN (Local Area Network) card, modem, etc. Communication section 309 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet. Drive 310 is also connected to I / O interface 305 as needed. Removable media 311, such as a disk, optical disk, magneto-optical disk, semiconductor memory, etc., are installed on drive 310 as needed so that computer programs read from them can be installed into storage section 308 as needed.

[0142] In particular, according to embodiments of the present invention, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as computer software programs. For example, embodiments of the present invention include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer-readable medium, the computer program containing computer programs for performing the methods shown in the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network via communication section 309, and / or installed from removable medium 311. When the computer program is executed by CPU 301, it performs the various functions defined in the present invention.

[0143] It should be noted that specific examples of computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to: electrical connections having one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, optical fiber, portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof. In this invention, a computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0144] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. Each block in a flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, program segment, or portion of code, which contains one or more executable instructions for implementing a specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions indicated in the blocks may occur in a different order than those shown in the drawings.

[0145] Specifically, the parts production management system of this embodiment includes a processor and a memory. The memory stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the intelligent nesting method based on orders and inventory provided in the above embodiment.

[0146] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, which may be included in the parts production management system described in the above embodiments; or it may exist independently and not incorporated into the parts production management system. The storage medium carries one or more computer programs that, when executed by a processor of the parts production management system, cause the parts production management system to implement the intelligent nesting method based on orders and inventory provided in the above embodiments.

[0147] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

[0148] As used in the above embodiments, depending on the context, the term "when..." can be interpreted as meaning "if...", "after...", "in response to determining...", or "in response to detecting...". Similarly, depending on the context, the phrase "when determining..." or "if (the stated condition or event) is interpreted as meaning "if determining...", "in response to determining...", "when (the stated condition or event) is detected", or "in response to detecting (the stated condition or event)".

[0149] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be implemented by a computer program instructing related hardware. This program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, it can include the processes described in the above method embodiments. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as ROM or random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

Claims

1. An intelligent nesting method based on orders and inventory, applied to a parts production management system, characterized in that, include: Obtain the geometric boundary data of the raw material sheet to be cut, and obtain the production task set to be scheduled based on the order information. The production task set to be scheduled includes the contour geometric data and planned assembly time of multiple parts to be produced. Based on the current operation time and the planned assembly time, calculate the lag time span value for each of the parts to be produced; Based on the lag time span value and the outline geometric data of the parts to be produced, the inventory load value of each part to be produced is calculated. The inventory load value is used as a quantitative indicator to characterize the degree of occupation of physical storage space on the production site and the degree of circulation obstruction caused by the early production of the parts to be produced. The parts to be produced with a lag time span value less than a preset span threshold are taken as reference parts, and the first arrangement position information of the reference parts within the geometric boundary of the raw material plate is determined. The first arrangement position information includes the first empty travel distance of the first cutting path and the first number of perforations. Based on the geometric boundary data and the first arrangement position information, the parts to be produced that can be accommodated in the remaining discrete void area within the raw material sheet are selected as candidate filling parts, and the second cutting path after adding the candidate filling parts is calculated. The second empty travel distance and the second number of perforations are extracted from the second cutting path. The material recycling efficiency value is calculated based on the degree of improvement in material utilization after the candidate filling parts are filled into the corresponding void areas. When the material recycling utility value of the candidate filling part is greater than the inventory load value, the candidate filling part is established as an effective replenishment part, and the second arrangement position information of the effective replenishment part in the discrete gap area is determined. The second arrangement position information includes the second empty travel distance and the second number of perforations of the second cutting path. Based on the first and second layout position information, a nesting layout scheme is generated; The calculation of the material recycling utility value based on the degree of improvement in material utilization after the candidate filling parts are filled into the corresponding void areas specifically includes: Obtain the outline area of ​​the candidate filling part, and generate basic revenue data of the candidate filling part based on the preset material value per unit area; Calculate the cutting stroke increment of the second empty travel distance relative to the first empty travel distance, and the piercing number increment of the second piercing number relative to the first piercing number; Based on preset processing cost parameters, the cutting stroke increment and the piercing number increment are weighted and quantized to obtain the processing loss data of the candidate filling part; The difference between the basic revenue data and the processing loss data is calculated and determined as the material recovery utility value of the candidate filling part.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the lag time span value and the contour geometry data of the parts to be produced, the inventory load value of each of the parts to be produced is calculated, specifically including: The current inventory saturation coefficient is determined based on inventory information. The inventory saturation coefficient is used to quantify the current occupied space in the workshop or warehouse. The basic holding cost of each of the parts to be produced is calculated based on the outline geometry data and the preset unit area holding cost. The inventory load value of each of the parts to be produced is determined based on the basic holding cost, the lag time span value, and the inventory saturation coefficient.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the geometric boundary data and the first arrangement position information, the parts to be produced that can be accommodated within the remaining discrete void area within the raw material sheet are selected as candidate filling parts, specifically including: Within the geometric boundaries of the raw material sheet, the area corresponding to the first arrangement position information is subtracted to obtain the initial remaining area; Based on the material information of the reference part, the safe distance of the heat-affected zone is determined, and the initial remaining area is reduced inward according to the safe distance of the heat-affected zone to calculate the effective safe area in the initial remaining area. The connected regions within the effective safety area that have an area greater than the area of ​​the minimum bounding rectangle of the part to be produced, and whose corresponding maximum inscribed circle diameter is greater than the minimum width of the part to be produced, are defined as the discrete gap regions. Parts to be manufactured whose contour geometry data can be completely contained within the discrete gap region are identified as candidate filling parts.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of identifying the candidate filling part as a valid supplementary part specifically includes: When multiple material recycling utility values ​​in the discrete void region are greater than the inventory load value, each candidate filling part is simulated to fill the discrete void region to obtain the final remaining area of ​​the raw material plate. Calculate the shape regularity of the final remaining region, where the shape regularity is the ratio of the radius of the largest inscribed circle of the remaining space to the area of ​​the remaining space; The candidate filling part corresponding to the maximum shape regularity value is established as the effective supplementary part.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, After the step of establishing the candidate filler part as a valid replenishment part, or when the material recycling utility value of the candidate filler part is less than or equal to the inventory load value, the method further includes: Calculate the maximum size of the inscribed rectangle of the final remaining region; When the maximum inscribed rectangle size is greater than or equal to the preset threshold for the remaining material storage specification, the final remaining area is marked as recyclable remaining material, and a third row of layout information is generated, which includes at least the remaining material cutting line. When the maximum inscribed rectangle size is less than the preset residual material storage specification threshold, the final remaining area is marked as a waste area, and a fourth arrangement position information is generated. The fourth arrangement position information includes at least the shredding path of the waste area. At this time, the specific steps of generating the nesting layout scheme include: generating the nesting layout scheme based on the first layout position information, the second layout position information, and the third or fourth layout position information.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, After the step of marking the final remaining area as recyclable waste, the method further includes: Obtain the current inventory saturation coefficient and calculate the remaining material holding cost of the final remaining area as an inventory item; Based on the geometric characteristics of the final remaining area and the preset material unit price, calculate the expected recycling value of the remaining materials in the final remaining area; When the expected reuse value of the scrap is less than or equal to the holding cost of the scrap, the final remaining area corresponding to the recyclable scrap is marked as a waste area; When the expected reuse value of the scrap material is greater than the holding cost of the scrap material, the recyclable scrap material is established as warehousing scrap material.

7. A parts production management system, characterized in that, The parts production management system includes: one or more processors and a memory; the memory is coupled to the one or more processors, the memory is used to store computer program code, the computer program code including computer instructions, and the one or more processors call the computer instructions to cause the parts production management system to perform the method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

8. A computer-readable storage medium comprising instructions, characterized in that, When the instruction is executed on the parts production management system, the parts production management system performs the method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

9. A computer program product, characterized in that, When the computer program product is run on the parts production management system, the parts production management system performs the method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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