An adjustable proportional fertilizer suction assembly and water and fertilizer integrated irrigation device

Abstract

This invention relates to an adjustable proportional fertilizer absorption component and an integrated water and fertilizer irrigation device, belonging to the field of irrigation technology. It includes a housing assembly; a reciprocating piston assembly slidably disposed within the housing assembly, and including a linked drive piston and a fertilizer absorption piston; the fertilizer absorption chamber has an adjustable effective fertilizer absorption volume, and the fertilizer absorption piston moves accordingly to draw external fertilizer solution into the fertilizer absorption chamber; the fertilizer absorption piston is provided with a low-resistance exhaust branch connecting to a compensation component and a high-resistance fertilizer injection branch connecting to the mixing chamber; the compensation component defines a gas-liquid isolated drive volume and a compensation volume, configured to receive the gas medium discharged from the low-resistance exhaust branch to expand the drive volume, and simultaneously compress the compensation volume to inject an equal amount of fertilizer solution into the mixing chamber. By changing the molecular weight of the fertilizer solution injected in a single cycle, linear adjustment of the final water-fertilizer ratio can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of irrigation device technology, specifically relating to an adjustable proportional fertilizer absorption component and an integrated water and fertilizer irrigation device. Background Technology

[0002] Tea plantation is an important part of my country's agricultural economy. Currently, integrated water and fertilizer irrigation technology is commonly used. This technology dissolves fertilizer in water and uses an irrigation system to transport water and nutrients to the crop roots, effectively improving water and fertilizer utilization.

[0003] However, existing related devices still have the following technical problems in practical applications: Firstly, most existing plunger-type fertilizer pumps use a volumetric metering principle, meaning that each reciprocating stroke of the piston draws a fixed volume of fluid. However, in actual operation, when the fertilizer solution level in the tank is low and air is drawn in, or when cavitation (air resistance) exists in the fertilizer suction line, the pump cannot distinguish between liquid and gas being drawn in. This causes the piston to operate without load, including air in the fertilizer volume calculation, resulting in the actual amount of fertilizer injected into the main pipeline being far lower than the set value. This leads to a serious mismatch in fertilizer ratios, affecting crop quality.

[0004] Secondly, the operating characteristics of reciprocating plunger pumps dictate that their fertilization process is intermittent (pulsating). The fertilizer solution is injected into the main pipeline in streams, and without an effective secondary mixing device, it is easy for alternating concentrated fertilizer and clear water sections to form in the main pipeline. This uneven mixture, when delivered to the drip irrigation tape, may cause some tea trees to suffer root burn while others fail to receive nutrients, affecting the overall uniformity of growth in the tea garden. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an adjustable proportional fertilizer absorption component and an integrated water and fertilizer irrigation device.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: An adjustable proportion fertilizer absorption component is provided, comprising: The housing assembly internally defines a longitudinally distributed drive chamber and a fertilizer suction chamber, wherein the drive chamber includes a clean water chamber and a mixing chamber; The reciprocating piston assembly is slidably disposed within the housing assembly and includes a linked drive piston and a suction piston. The drive piston initially isolates the clear water chamber and the mixing chamber, and moves axially to its limit position under the action of the inlet water pressure to connect the clear water chamber and the mixing chamber; The fertilizer suction chamber has an adjustable effective fertilizer suction volume, and the fertilizer suction piston moves to draw external fertilizer liquid into the fertilizer suction chamber. The fertilizer suction piston is provided with a low-resistance exhaust branch that connects to the compensation component and a high-resistance fertilizer injection branch that connects to the mixing chamber. The compensation component defines a gas-liquid isolated drive volume and a compensation volume, and is configured to receive the gas medium discharged from the low-resistance exhaust branch to expand the drive volume, and simultaneously compress the compensation volume to inject an equal amount of fertilizer solution into the mixing chamber.

[0007] Preferably, the reciprocating piston assembly further includes an elastic reset member disposed between the side of the drive piston away from the suction piston and the inner wall of the housing assembly.

[0008] Preferably, the low-resistance exhaust branch includes: The buoyancy-operated opening and closing component is configured such that: when a gaseous medium is present in the suction chamber, it remains open under the action of gravity, allowing the gaseous medium to enter the compensation component through the low-resistance exhaust branch; when the suction chamber is filled with a liquid medium, it floats upward under the action of buoyancy to block the low-resistance exhaust branch and interrupt the drive path of the compensation component.

[0009] Preferably, the compensation assembly includes a compensation cylinder and an isolation piston that slides to separate the compensation cylinder; One side of the isolation piston is defined as the drive volume, which is connected to the outlet of the low-resistance exhaust branch. The other side of the isolation piston is defined as the compensation volume, and its outlet is connected to the mixing chamber.

[0010] Preferably, the compensation assembly further includes a liquid replenishment check valve and a return spring; The replenishing one-way valve connects the compensation volume to an external fertilizer source and is configured to open when the isolation piston is reset to replenish fertilizer. The reset spring is disposed in the compensation cylinder and configured to drive the isolation piston to reset after the low-resistance exhaust branch stops exhausting.

[0011] Preferably, the fertilizer-suction piston includes a piston head with an internal receiving cavity; The lower end face of the receiving cavity is provided with a main liquid inlet, which constitutes the only fluid inlet between the fertilizer suction chamber and the receiving cavity; The inlet of the low-resistance exhaust branch is located on the upper part of the inner top wall or side wall of the receiving cavity, and the inlet of the high-resistance fertilizer injection branch is located on the central axis of the receiving cavity and connects upward to the mixing cavity.

[0012] Preferably, the low-resistance exhaust branch internally defines a vertically extending float valve chamber, and the buoyancy opening and closing element includes: A sealing valve seat is disposed at the top outlet end of the float valve chamber; The limiting base is located at the inlet end of the float valve cavity and includes an outer ring portion with several flow holes and an inner ring bearing portion located in the center. The float ball is movably housed within the float valve cavity.

[0013] Preferably, a pressure-opening valve is provided in the high-resistance fertilizer injection branch; The pressure opening valve is configured to open only when the low-resistance exhaust branch is blocked and a preset hydraulic pressure value is established in the fertilizer suction chamber, so as to inject the remaining fertilizer liquid in the fertilizer suction chamber into the mixing chamber.

[0014] Preferably, the housing assembly includes a first sleeve and a second sleeve that are threadedly connected to each other; The effective fertilizer suction volume of the fertilizer suction chamber is adjusted by rotating the first sleeve and the second sleeve relative to each other.

[0015] The present invention also provides an integrated water and fertilizer irrigation device, comprising: Mobile vehicles; A water inlet pipeline system is installed on the mobile vehicle and has a first water inlet branch and a second water inlet branch. A fertilizer solution storage tank is installed on the mobile vehicle, and the first water inlet branch is connected to the fertilizer solution storage tank for adding solvent water to it; The adjustable proportion fertilizer absorption assembly as described in any of the above technical solutions has its drive chamber inlet connected to the second water inlet branch, and its fertilizer absorption chamber inlet connected to the fertilizer storage tank. And an irrigation network system, connected to the outlet of the mixing chamber of the adjustable proportion fertilizer absorption component.

[0016] Preferably, it includes: A fertilizer mixing device, disposed between the adjustable proportioning fertilizer absorption assembly and the irrigation network system, and comprising: The fertilizer mixing cylinder has its two ends connected to the outlet of the mixing chamber and the irrigation pipeline system, respectively. And a static mixing core disposed inside the fertilizer mixing cylinder, the static mixing core being constructed as an axially extending spiral guide plate or staggered baffle plate, configured to stir the fluid flowing through the fertilizer mixing cylinder.

[0017] Preferably, it includes: The first filtration device is installed at the main inlet of the water inlet pipeline system to intercept particulate impurities in the raw water; And a second filtration device, which is located between the fertilizer mixing device and the irrigation network system, for filtering out precipitates in the mixed fertilizer solution; Both the first and second filtering devices are disc filters.

[0018] This invention provides an adjustable proportional fertilizer absorption component and an integrated water and fertilizer irrigation device. The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: In the initial stage of fertilizer injection, the fluid (gas) in the fertilizer suction chamber overflows preferentially through the low-resistance exhaust branch. During this process, if there is a gaseous medium, it is introduced into the compensation component, which drives it to complete the equal displacement compensation of gas and liquid volume (i.e., using the volume of the discharged gas to squeeze out an equal amount of liquid). Subsequently, when the pure liquid medium (i.e. fertilizer solution) fills the chamber where the buoyancy opening and closing component is located, the buoyancy lock is triggered, the low-resistance passage is closed, and the remaining fertilizer solution is forced to be injected into the mixing chamber through the high-resistance fertilizer injection branch for mixing.

[0019] Based on this, under the premise that the amount of clean water (denominator) remains constant, users only need to mechanically adjust the effective fertilizer absorption volume of the fertilizer absorption chamber to directly change the molecular weight of the fertilizer solution injected in a single cycle, thereby achieving linear adjustment of the final water-fertilizer ratio. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional view of the adjustable proportional fertilizer absorption component proposed in this invention. Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion at point A; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the compensation component in the adjustable proportional fertilizer absorption component proposed in this invention; Figure 4 for Figure 1 A magnified view of the area at point B; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting base in the adjustable proportional fertilizer absorption assembly proposed in this invention; Figure 6 This is a front view of the integrated water and fertilizer irrigation device proposed in this invention; Figure 7 This is a top view of the integrated water and fertilizer irrigation device proposed in this invention.

[0021] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Shell assembly; 101. Drive chamber; 1011. Clear water chamber; 1012. Mixing chamber; 102. Fertilizer suction chamber; 2. Reciprocating piston assembly; 201. Drive piston; 202. Fertilizer suction piston; 3. Compensation assembly; 301. Compensation cylinder; 302. Isolation piston; 303. Drive volume; 304. Compensation volume; 305. Liquid replenishment check valve; 306. Return spring; 4. Buoyancy opening and closing element; 401. Sealing valve seat; 402. Limiting base; 403. Float; 501. Receiving chamber; 502. Main liquid inlet; 6. Low-resistance exhaust branch; 7. High-resistance fertilizer injection branch; 701. Pressure opening valve; 8. Mobile carrier; 9. Water inlet pipeline system; 10. Fertilizer liquid storage tank; 11. Fertilizer mixing device. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Please see Figures 1-7 As shown, the specific embodiments provided by the present invention are as follows: like Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention proposes an adjustable proportional fertilizer suction assembly, which mainly consists of a housing assembly 1 and a reciprocating piston assembly 2 slidably disposed inside it.

[0024] Specifically, the internal space of the housing assembly 1 is defined in the longitudinal direction as two main functional areas: a drive chamber 101 and a fertilizer suction chamber 102. The drive chamber 101 is further divided into a clear water chamber 1011 and a mixing chamber 1012. The clear water chamber 1011 is configured to connect to an external water source with a certain pressure, while the mixing chamber 1012 is used to receive and mix clear water and fertilizer solution before discharging.

[0025] The reciprocating piston assembly 2 is slidably installed inside the housing assembly 1. It includes a drive piston 201 located on one side of the drive chamber 101 and a suction piston 202 located on one side of the suction chamber 102. The two are linked and can move axially synchronously.

[0026] Specifically, in the initial state, the drive piston 201 is in a specific position that physically isolates the clear water chamber 1011 and the mixing chamber 1012. When the inlet water pressure acts on the drive piston 201, it pushes the entire reciprocating piston assembly 2 to move axially. When the drive piston 201 moves to the limit of its stroke, its structural position changes, forming a communication passage between the clear water chamber 1011 and the mixing chamber 1012. At this time, the high-pressure water flow in the clear water chamber 1011 enters the mixing chamber 1012 through this passage.

[0027] In one specific embodiment, the side wall of the mixing chamber 1012 is provided with a through hole or channel that communicates with the clear water chamber 1011. It is closed when the driving piston 201 is in the initial state, and opens when the driving piston 201 moves to the limit position, thereby forming a communication passage between the clear water chamber 1011 and the mixing chamber 1012.

[0028] Specifically, the fertilizer suction chamber 102 has an adjustable effective fertilizer suction volume, and the fertilizer suction piston 202 moves accordingly to draw external fertilizer liquid into the fertilizer suction chamber 102.

[0029] like Figures 2 to 4 As shown above, in order to solve the problems of air resistance interference and proportioning accuracy, the fertilizer suction piston 202 is provided with two different fluid branches: the low-resistance exhaust branch 6 connected to the compensation component 3, and the high-resistance fertilizer injection branch 7 connected to the mixing chamber 1012.

[0030] This includes a compensation component 3, which internally defines a gas-liquid isolated drive volume 303 and a compensation volume 304. Specifically, when the low-resistance exhaust branch 6 discharges gaseous medium, this gaseous medium is received and enters the drive volume 303, thereby expanding the drive volume 303. Along with the expansion of the drive volume 303, the compensation component 3 synchronously compresses the compensation volume 304, forcibly injecting an equal amount of pre-stored fertilizer solution into the mixing chamber 1012. In this way, the component can convert the discharged exhaust gas volume into an equal amount of effective fertilizer solution replenishment, ensuring that the total amount of fertilizer solution finally injected into the mixing chamber 1012 remains consistent with the set ratio.

[0031] The specific process is as follows: After the external water source enters the clear water chamber 1011, the water pressure in the clear water chamber 1011 gradually increases, pushing the reciprocating piston assembly 2 to move axially to the limit position (fertilizer suction stroke). At this time, the clear water chamber 1011 is connected to the mixing chamber 1012, causing the clear water chamber 1011 to depressurize. During the process of driving the piston 201 to move downward and reset (fertilizer injection stroke), the fertilizer suction piston 202 moves downward synchronously and compresses the fluid in the fertilizer suction chamber 102.

[0032] During this process, if there is a gaseous medium in the fertilizer suction chamber 102, the gaseous medium, after being pressurized, preferentially enters the driving volume 303 of the compensation component 3 through the low-resistance exhaust branch 6. The entry of the gaseous medium expands the driving volume 303 and drives the compensation component 3 to move, simultaneously compressing the compensation volume 304, and forcibly injecting the pre-stored fertilizer liquid in the compensation volume 304 into the mixing chamber 1012, thereby achieving equal displacement compensation of gas and liquid volumes. Subsequently, when the gas is exhausted and the fertilizer suction piston 202 contacts the fertilizer liquid, causing the fertilizer suction chamber 102 to be filled with liquid medium, the low-resistance exhaust branch 6 is locked by buoyancy, the pressure in the fertilizer suction chamber 102 rises sharply and opens the pressure opening valve 701 on the high-resistance fertilizer injection branch 7, continuously injecting the fertilizer liquid in the fertilizer suction chamber 102 into the mixing chamber 1012 through the high-resistance fertilizer injection branch 7, and completing the mixing with the clean water that is discharged into the mixing chamber 1012 through the driving piston 201 at this time.

[0033] In this embodiment, the goal is to establish a stable proportional relationship between a constant driving water volume and a locked pure fertilizer solution volume.

[0034] First, since the geometric dimensions of the drive chamber 101 are fixed and the effective stroke of the drive piston 201 is limited, the volume of clean water discharged from the clean water chamber 1011 into the mixing chamber 1012 remains constant after each reciprocating motion of the drive piston 201, regardless of the fluctuation of the external water pressure. This constitutes the fixed denominator in the water-fertilizer ratio formula.

[0035] Secondly, to ensure the accuracy of the injected fertilizer solution and to prevent interference from air resistance, the present invention employs a compensation component 3. In the initial stage of fertilizer injection, the fluid (gas) in the fertilizer suction chamber 102 preferentially overflows through the low-resistance exhaust branch 6. During this process, if a gaseous medium is present, it is introduced into the compensation component 3, driving it to complete the equal displacement compensation of gas and liquid volumes (i.e., using the volume of the discharged gas to squeeze out an equal amount of liquid). Subsequently, when the pure liquid medium (i.e., fertilizer solution) fills the chamber where the buoyancy opening and closing component 4 is located, the buoyancy lock is triggered, the low-resistance passage is closed, and the remaining fertilizer solution is forced into the mixing chamber 1012 for mixing via the high-resistance fertilizer injection branch 7.

[0036] Based on this, under the premise that the amount of clean water (denominator) remains constant, the user only needs to mechanically adjust the effective fertilizer absorption volume of the fertilizer absorption chamber 102 to directly change the molecular weight of the fertilizer solution injected in a single cycle, thereby achieving linear adjustment of the final water-fertilizer ratio.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the pressure opening valve 701 is a valve that opens after a preset hydraulic pressure is reached, for example, a back pressure check valve.

[0038] The back pressure check valve is located in the flow channel of the high-resistance fertilizer injection branch 7 (usually at the inlet or inside of the hollow piston rod), corresponding to the opening pressure threshold set by the system (which is significantly higher than the flow resistance pressure during the exhaust process).

[0039] During the opening and exhaust process of the low-resistance exhaust branch 6, the fluid is preferentially discharged through the low-resistance path, and the fluid pressure in the fertilizer suction chamber 102 is low, which is insufficient to overcome the opening pressure of the back pressure check valve. Therefore, the back pressure check valve always presses the valve seat tightly and maintains a tightly closed state to prevent gas from entering the mixing chamber 1012. Only when the low-resistance exhaust branch 6 is blocked by buoyancy and the fertilizer suction piston 202 continues to compress the liquid, causing the pressure in the chamber to increase sharply and exceed the set opening pressure threshold, the thrust of the high-pressure liquid overcomes the opening pressure of the back pressure check valve and pushes open the valve core, thereby opening the high-resistance fertilizer injection branch 7 to realize fertilizer injection.

[0040] In one specific embodiment, the reciprocating piston assembly 2 is reset by a reset element, which may be a spring.

[0041] In one specific embodiment, the compensation component 3 includes a compensation cylinder 301 and an isolation piston 302 slidably disposed inside the compensation cylinder 301. The isolation piston 302 physically divides the internal space of the compensation cylinder 301 into two independent, non-communicating volumes: one side is defined as a drive volume 303, whose inlet is connected to the outlet of the low-resistance exhaust branch 6, specifically for receiving the discharged gas medium; the other side is defined as a compensation volume 304, whose outlet is connected to the mixing chamber 1012, for storing and injecting the fertilizer solution for compensation.

[0042] To ensure the continuous operation of the compensation component 3, the component is also equipped with a liquid replenishment check valve 305 and a return spring 306. The liquid replenishment check valve 305 connects the compensation volume 304 to an external fertilizer liquid source (such as fertilizer liquid storage tank 10) and is configured to allow fertilizer liquid to flow only into the compensation volume 304. The return spring 306 is located inside the compensation cylinder 301 and is used to apply a return force to the isolation piston 302.

[0043] During the exhaust compensation stage, when the low-resistance exhaust branch 6 discharges the gas medium, the gas enters the drive volume 303, and the gas pressure pushes the isolation piston 302 to move towards the compensation volume 304. This movement process simultaneously expands the drive volume 303 and compresses the compensation volume 304, forcing the fertilizer liquid pre-stored in the compensation volume 304, which has the same volume as the entering gas, to be forced into the mixing chamber 1012, thereby achieving volume replacement compensation.

[0044] During the reset and liquid absorption phase, the gas pressure in the drive volume 303 is released, and the reset spring 306 drives the isolation piston 302 to move in the opposite direction to reset. At this time, a negative pressure is generated in the compensation volume 304, and the liquid replenishment check valve 305 is opened by the pressure difference. The external fertilizer solution is automatically drawn in and refills the compensation volume 304, preparing for the next gas-liquid replacement.

[0045] The compensation cylinder 301 should be equipped with an exhaust valve, which is used to open after the volume replacement compensation is completed to discharge the gas inside.

[0046] In one specific embodiment, as described above, a buoyancy opening and closing element 4 is provided in the low-resistance exhaust branch 6.

[0047] Specifically, when a gaseous medium is present in the fertilizer suction chamber 102 (e.g., air bubbles are mixed in during fertilizer suction), since the density of the gaseous medium is much less than that of the liquid, the buoyancy acting on the buoyancy opening and closing member 4 is less than its own weight. Therefore, under the action of gravity, the buoyancy opening and closing member 4 naturally falls or remains in an open state away from the sealed position, keeping the low-resistance exhaust branch 6 unobstructed. In this state, with the compression movement of the fertilizer suction piston 202, the gaseous medium in the chamber can be smoothly discharged through the low-resistance exhaust branch 6 and enter the downstream compensation component 3, using the discharge pressure of the gas to drive the compensation component 3 to work.

[0048] When the gas in the fertilizer suction chamber 102 is exhausted and completely filled with liquid medium (fertilizer solution), due to the high density of the liquid medium, the buoyancy acting on the buoyancy opening and closing component 4 increases significantly and exceeds its own weight. Therefore, under the action of buoyancy, the buoyancy opening and closing component 4 rises rapidly until it reaches and blocks the inlet or outlet of the low-resistance exhaust branch 6. At this time, the low-resistance exhaust branch 6 is physically blocked, the driving path of gas to the compensation component 3 is cut off, and the fertilizer suction chamber 102 is transformed into a closed hydraulic state, thereby forcing the subsequent fertilizer solution to flow to the high-resistance fertilizer injection branch 7.

[0049] More specifically, the low-resistance exhaust branch 6 defines a floating valve cavity extending vertically within it, and the buoyancy opening and closing element 4 mainly consists of three parts: a sealing valve seat 401, a limiting base 402, and a float 403.

[0050] The sealing valve seat 401 is located at the top outlet end of the float valve cavity and has a sealing surface that matches the surface of the float ball 403, which is used to block the fluid passage in the locked state.

[0051] like Figure 5 As shown, the limiting base 402 is disposed at the bottom inlet end of the float valve cavity. The base specifically includes an outer ring portion located at the circumferential edge and an inner ring support portion located at the center. The outer ring portion has several flow holes, which form a channel for fluid to enter the float valve cavity; the inner ring support portion is used to support the float ball 403.

[0052] The float ball 403 is movably housed within the float valve cavity and is located between the sealing valve seat 401 and the limiting base 402.

[0053] Therefore, when a gaseous medium is present in the suction chamber 102, due to the low density of the gas, the buoyancy of the float 403 is insufficient to overcome its own weight. The float 403 falls naturally under gravity and rests on the inner ring support of the limiting base 402. At this time, due to the supporting effect of the inner ring support, a gap is maintained between the float 403 and the flow hole of the outer ring. The gaseous medium can smoothly pass through the flow hole of the outer ring, bypass the float 403, and be discharged through the unblocked top outlet end.

[0054] When the suction chamber 102 is filled with liquid medium, the liquid rushes into the float valve chamber. The buoyancy force on the float 403 is greater than its weight, and the float 403 quickly rises and detaches from the limiting base 402 until it comes into close contact with the sealing valve seat 401 at the top. At this time, the top outlet end is mechanically blocked by the float 403, and the low-resistance exhaust branch 6 is cut off, thereby realizing the automatic switching and locking of the gas-liquid state.

[0055] In one specific embodiment, the low-resistance exhaust branch 6 has a corrugated section for communicating with the float valve chamber. This corrugated section is designed to accommodate the axial movement of the suction piston 202. Specifically, when the suction piston 202 moves axially downwards, the corrugated section is stretched to accommodate this movement. Conversely, when the suction piston 202 moves axially upwards, the corrugated section is compressed to accommodate this movement.

[0056] The maximum limit of the upward axial movement of the suction piston 202 should be located below the connection position between the corrugated section and the float valve chamber.

[0057] In a preferred embodiment, the head of the fertilizer-suction piston 202 is constructed as a hollow piston head with an internal receiving cavity 501. A main liquid inlet 502 is provided on the lower end face of the piston head (i.e., the liquid-facing surface during the fertilizer suction stroke). This main liquid inlet 502 is the only channel for fluid (whether gas or fertilizer liquid) in the external fertilizer suction chamber 102 to enter the internal receiving cavity 501 of the piston, ensuring that all fluids to be treated must first enter this internal cavity for diversion and determination.

[0058] The inlet of the low-resistance exhaust branch 6 is located in the upper region of the inner top wall or side wall of the receiving cavity 501. When fluid enters the receiving cavity 501 through the bottom main inlet 502, any mixed gas will naturally accumulate at the top of the receiving cavity 501, thus preferentially contacting and entering the inlet of the high-positioned low-resistance exhaust branch 6, ensuring that the gas is completely discharged and eliminating the gas resistance blind zone at the top of the cavity.

[0059] The inlet of the high-resistance fertilizer injection branch 7 is located on the central axis of the receiving cavity 501 and extends upward to connect to the mixing cavity 1012 (via the internal flow channel of the hollow piston rod).

[0060] In a preferred embodiment, the housing assembly 1 employs an adjustable mechanical structure to achieve precise setting of the fertilizer absorption ratio. Specifically, the housing assembly 1 includes a first sleeve and a second sleeve that are threaded together (e.g., one serves as a fixed body, and the other as a rotatable adjustment knob).

[0061] By rotating the first and second sleeves relative to each other, and utilizing the threaded transmission relationship between them, the effective stroke of the fertilizer suction piston 202 increases, and the effective fertilizer suction volume per suction increases, thereby improving the fertilizer suction ratio. Conversely, after rotating in the opposite direction, the effective stroke shortens, and the effective fertilizer suction volume decreases. Through this external mechanical adjustment method, stepless adjustment of the effective volume of the fertilizer suction chamber 102 and the final fertilizer ratio is achieved without changing the working parameters of the drive end.

[0062] like Figures 6 to 7 As shown, a second embodiment of the present invention provides an integrated water and fertilizer irrigation device. This integrated water and fertilizer irrigation device is mainly constructed from a mobile carrier 8, a water inlet pipeline system 9, a fertilizer storage tank 10, the adjustable proportion fertilizer suction component described in the above embodiment, and an irrigation network system.

[0063] Specifically, the mobile vehicle 8 serves as the support and mobile platform for the entire device (e.g., a handcart or tractor mount) to carry the aforementioned components, facilitating flexible mobile operations in areas without fixed water sources, such as tea gardens.

[0064] Specifically, the water inlet pipeline system 9 is fixedly installed on the mobile carrier 8, and its inlet end is connected to an external pressurized water source (such as a water pump or elevated water tank) via a flexible hose. This water inlet pipeline system 9 is divided into two parallel branches on the carrier: The first water inlet branch connects to the fertilizer solution storage tank 10. This branch is mainly used to add solvent water (clean water) into the fertilizer solution storage tank 10. In actual operation, users can directly add solid fertilizer or high-concentration concentrate into the storage tank, and opening the first water inlet branch will complete the on-site dissolution and dilution of the fertilizer, without the need to prepare a large amount of fertilizer solution in advance. The second water inlet branch connects to the water inlet of the drive chamber 101 of the adjustable proportioning fertilizer suction component. This branch provides pressurized driving water as the power source to drive the fertilizer suction component.

[0065] Fertilizer solution storage tank 10 is mounted on a mobile carrier 8 for storing fertilizer solution to be absorbed. The adjustable proportion fertilizer absorption assembly is installed in the pipeline system, and the suction port (usually via a hose) of its fertilizer absorption chamber 102 is connected to the bottom of fertilizer solution storage tank 10.

[0066] During operation, the reciprocating piston assembly 2 within the pressure water drive assembly of the second water inlet branch moves. Utilizing the unique gas-liquid recognition and compensation mechanism in the aforementioned embodiment, even when the moving vehicle 8 causes the liquid surface of the fertilizer storage tank 10 to sway due to bumps, or when the storage tank is about to be emptied, causing intermittent air intake at the suction port, the fertilizer suction assembly can automatically discharge the mixed gas through the low-resistance exhaust branch 6 and use the compensation assembly 3 to perform volume replacement compensation, ensuring that the final amount of fertilizer injected into the system is accurate.

[0067] The irrigation network system (such as drip irrigation tape, sprinkler network, etc.) is connected to the mixing chamber 1012 outlet of the adjustable proportional fertilizer absorption component. The proportioned water-fertilizer mixture is discharged from this outlet and directly delivered to the crop roots, realizing the automation and precision of the fertilization process.

[0068] In a preferred embodiment, a fertilizer mixing device 11 is further included, which is connected in series between the outlet of the mixing chamber 1012 of the adjustable proportional fertilizer absorption assembly and the irrigation network system.

[0069] Specifically, the fertilizer mixing device 11 includes a fertilizer mixing cylinder and a built-in static mixing core. The fertilizer mixing cylinder is a tubular container, one end of which receives the preliminary mixed liquid discharged from the fertilizer absorption component mixing chamber 1012, and the other end is connected to the irrigation network system.

[0070] The static mixing core is fixedly installed in the internal flow channel of the fertilizer mixing cylinder. Its preferred structural form is a spiral guide plate extending along the axial direction (similar to an auger structure) or baffles arranged alternately along the flow direction.

[0071] When the water-fertilizer mixture flows through the mixing cylinder under pipeline pressure, the spiral guide plate or staggered baffle of the static mixing core forcibly intervenes in the fluid's trajectory. The fluid is forced to change its straight flow state, generating a violent rotating vortex, which further disperses the high-concentration fertilizer droplets in the fluid and deeply mixes them with clean water. This achieves secondary fine mixing of water and fertilizer, ensuring that the fluid finally output to the irrigation network has highly consistent physicochemical properties.

[0072] In a preferred embodiment, a first filtration device is included, which is located at the main inlet (i.e., the water source access end) of the water inlet pipeline system 9. This device is mainly used to pre-treat the raw water entering the system, intercepting and filtering out large particulate impurities such as silt and suspended solids carried in the raw water, thereby preventing these hard particles from entering the downstream adjustable proportioning fertilizer absorption assembly, avoiding scratching the piston or jamming the valve, and playing a role in protecting the core mechanical components.

[0073] The system includes a second filtration device positioned between the fertilizer mixing device 11 and the irrigation network system. After the fertilizer absorption and mixing process, undissolved fertilizer particles or trace amounts of precipitates generated by chemical reactions may still remain in the mixture. The second filtration device acts as an end-point barrier, filtering out these fine impurities to ensure the cleanliness of the fluid ultimately entering the irrigation network system and effectively prevent physical blockage of the drip tape or sprinkler head channels.

[0074] Preferably, both the first and second filtration devices are disc filters. Compared to traditional mesh filters, disc filters utilize the intersection of grooves on both sides of thin plastic discs for deep filtration, resulting in stronger decontamination capabilities and anti-clogging performance. They are also easy to backwash and clean, making them highly suitable for the water quality requirements of agricultural irrigation environments such as tea gardens.

[0075] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An adjustable proportioning fertilizer assembly comprising: include: The housing assembly internally defines a longitudinally distributed drive chamber and a fertilizer suction chamber, wherein the drive chamber includes a clean water chamber and a mixing chamber; The reciprocating piston assembly is slidably disposed within the housing assembly and includes a linked drive piston and a suction piston. The drive piston initially isolates the clear water chamber and the mixing chamber, and moves axially to its limit position under the action of the inlet water pressure to connect the clear water chamber and the mixing chamber; The fertilizer suction chamber has an adjustable effective fertilizer suction volume, and the fertilizer suction piston moves to draw external fertilizer liquid into the fertilizer suction chamber. The fertilizer suction piston is provided with a low-resistance exhaust branch that connects to the compensation component and a high-resistance fertilizer injection branch that connects to the mixing chamber. The compensation component defines a gas-liquid isolated drive volume and a compensation volume, and is configured to receive the gas medium discharged from the low-resistance exhaust branch to expand the drive volume, and simultaneously compress the compensation volume to inject an equal amount of fertilizer solution into the mixing chamber. The low-resistance exhaust branch includes: A buoyancy-driven opening and closing component is configured such that: when a gaseous medium is present in the suction chamber, it remains open under the action of gravity, allowing the gaseous medium to enter the compensation component through the low-resistance exhaust branch; when the suction chamber is filled with a liquid medium, it floats upward under the action of buoyancy to block the low-resistance exhaust branch and block the drive path of the compensation component. The compensation assembly includes a compensation cylinder and an isolation piston that slides to separate the compensation cylinder. One side of the isolation piston is defined as the drive volume, which is connected to the outlet of the low-resistance exhaust branch. The other side of the isolation piston defines the compensation volume, and its outlet is connected to the mixing chamber. The compensation assembly also includes a liquid replenishment check valve and a return spring; The replenishing one-way valve connects the compensation volume to an external fertilizer source and is configured to open when the isolation piston is reset to replenish fertilizer. The reset spring is disposed in the compensation cylinder and configured to drive the isolation piston to reset after the low-resistance exhaust branch stops exhausting.

2. The adjustable proportioning fertilizer assembly of claim 1, wherein, The fertilizer-absorbing piston includes a piston head with an internal receiving cavity; The lower end face of the receiving cavity is provided with a main liquid inlet, which constitutes the only fluid inlet between the fertilizer suction chamber and the receiving cavity; The inlet of the low-resistance exhaust branch is located on the upper part of the inner top wall or side wall of the receiving cavity, and the inlet of the high-resistance fertilizer injection branch is located on the central axis of the receiving cavity and connects upward to the mixing cavity.

3. The adjustable proportioning fertilizer assembly of claim 1, wherein, The low-resistance exhaust branch internally defines a vertically extending float valve chamber, and the buoyancy opening and closing element includes: A sealing valve seat is disposed at the top outlet end of the float valve chamber; The limiting base is located at the inlet end of the float valve cavity and includes an outer ring portion with several flow holes and an inner ring bearing portion located in the center. The float ball is movably housed within the float valve cavity.

4. The adjustable proportioning fertilizer assembly of claim 1, wherein, The high-resistance fertilizer injection branch is equipped with a pressure-opening valve. The pressure opening valve is configured to open only when the low-resistance exhaust branch is blocked and a preset hydraulic pressure value is established in the fertilizer suction chamber, so as to inject the remaining fertilizer liquid in the fertilizer suction chamber into the mixing chamber.

5. The adjustable proportion fertilizer absorption assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The housing assembly includes a first sleeve and a second sleeve that are threadedly connected to each other; The effective fertilizer suction volume of the fertilizer suction chamber is adjusted by rotating the first sleeve and the second sleeve relative to each other.

6. A water and fertilizer integrated irrigation device, characterized in that, include: Mobile vehicles; A water inlet pipeline system is installed on the mobile vehicle and has a first water inlet branch and a second water inlet branch. A fertilizer solution storage tank is installed on the mobile vehicle, and the first water inlet branch is connected to the fertilizer solution storage tank for adding solvent water to it; The adjustable proportion fertilizer suction assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 has its drive chamber inlet connected to the second water inlet branch, and its fertilizer suction chamber inlet connected to the fertilizer storage tank. And an irrigation network system, connected to the outlet of the mixing chamber of the adjustable proportion fertilizer absorption component.

7. The water and fertilizer integrated irrigation device according to claim 6, characterized in that, include: A fertilizer mixing device, disposed between the adjustable proportioning fertilizer absorption assembly and the irrigation network system, and comprising: The fertilizer mixing cylinder has its two ends connected to the outlet of the mixing chamber and the irrigation pipeline system, respectively. And a static mixing core disposed inside the fertilizer mixing cylinder, the static mixing core being constructed as an axially extending spiral guide plate or staggered baffle plate, configured to stir the fluid flowing through the fertilizer mixing cylinder.

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