Red date peeling machine with quantitative discharging function

Abstract

The invention discloses a red date peeler with a quantitative discharging function, relates to the technical field of red date processing equipment, and solves the problems that in the prior art, a red date peeler adopts wet processing, water washing and impurity removal are needed after peeling, so that red dates absorb water, subsequent drying affects the taste, and the red date peeler lacks the quantitative discharging function. The device comprises a rack, a bottom cylinder is arranged on the rack, an impeller capable of rotating is arranged in the bottom cylinder, the impeller is in transmission fit with a first driver arranged on the rack, a grid is arranged at the bottom of the bottom cylinder, and the bottom cylinder is connected with an air inlet structure through the grid; a guide grating cover is arranged at the top of the bottom cylinder, an hourglass-shaped top cover is arranged above the guide grating cover, an air outlet structure is arranged at the lower part of the hourglass-shaped top cover, the air outlet structure is sequentially connected with an air filter box and a circulating fan and is connected with an air inlet structure through the circulating fan, and a compensation fan connected with the air inlet structure is arranged on the rack. Quantitative discharging and dry type peeling and winnowing are integrated, red dates are prevented from absorbing water, peeling uniformity and efficiency are improved, the pulp breakage rate is reduced, the structure is easy to maintain, and the device is suitable for batch production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of jujube processing equipment technology, and in particular to a jujube peeling machine with quantitative feeding. Background Technology

[0002] In the jujube processing industry, peeling is a crucial step that directly affects the quality and taste of the finished product. In practice, compared to cutting and peeling, sanding is widely used in mass production due to its advantages such as high processing efficiency and less damage to the jujube flesh.

[0003] However, existing jujube peeling machines all use a wet processing method, which involves injecting a large amount of water during or after peeling to rinse away any impurities from the jujube skin. Because the jujubes lose their protective outer skin after peeling, the soft flesh absorbs a lot of water during the washing process, necessitating a subsequent drying step. This not only increases processing costs and time, but also negatively impacts the original flavor and texture of the jujubes after absorbing water and drying, reducing the product's market competitiveness.

[0004] For example, Chinese utility model patents CN223429127U and CN222171195U disclose a jujube peeling machine and a jujube grinding device, respectively. Both of them use grinding to peel jujubes, but after peeling, they both need to be rinsed with water to remove impurities from the jujube skin. They also have the same problems as mentioned above, such as jujubes absorbing water and subsequent drying affecting the taste.

[0005] Furthermore, most existing jujube peeling machines lack quantitative feeding functionality. During processing, the amount of jujubes fed relies on manual judgment, especially on continuous production lines. For conveyor belts, the jujubes must first be poured into a feed box to fill the single-batch quantity before being poured into the peeling machine, resulting in a high degree of manual labor. If jujubes are directly fed into the peeling machine via the conveyor belt, the feed rate is unstable, easily leading to some jujubes being over-peeled while others are under-peeled, resulting in uneven peeling and further affecting product quality.

[0006] Therefore, how to design a jujube peeling machine that can achieve dry impurity removal, avoid jujubes absorbing water, and at the same time have a quantitative feeding function and ensure uniform peeling is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings in the aforementioned background technology, this invention proposes a jujube peeling machine with quantitative feeding, which solves the problems of existing jujube peeling machines using wet processing, requiring water washing to remove impurities after peeling, causing the jujubes to absorb water, affecting the taste during subsequent drying, and lacking quantitative feeding function.

[0008] The technical solution of this invention is implemented as follows: A jujube peeling machine with quantitative feeding includes a frame, a bottom cylinder on the frame, a rotatable impeller inside the bottom cylinder, the impeller being driven by a first drive unit mounted on the frame, a grid at the bottom of the bottom cylinder connected to an air inlet structure via the grid, a guide grid cover at the top of the bottom cylinder, an hourglass-shaped top cover above the guide grid cover, an air outlet structure at the bottom of the hourglass-shaped top cover, the air outlet structure being connected in sequence to an air filter box and a circulating fan, and connected to the air inlet structure via the circulating fan, a compensation fan connected to the air inlet structure on the frame, a feeding port in the middle of the hourglass-shaped top cover, an openable feeding baffle at the feeding port, the feeding baffle being driven by a second drive unit mounted on the frame, a quantitative material hopper at the top of the hourglass-shaped top cover, an openable discharge structure at the bottom of the bottom cylinder, the discharge structure being driven by a third drive unit mounted on the bottom cylinder, and a friction layer on the side wall of the bottom cylinder and the surface of the impeller.

[0009] Furthermore, the impeller includes a spindle-shaped central body with several blades arranged circumferentially around it. The blades are inclined, and their outer ends are all connected to the outer ring body. A rotational surface is provided between the upper surface of the spindle-shaped central body and the sidewalls of the blades. The generatrix of the rotational surface is parabolic, and the lowest point of the rotational surface is at the connection between the spindle-shaped central body and the blades. The inner diameter of the lower edge of the outer ring body is smaller than the inner diameter of the upper edge. This structural design allows the jujubes to tumble and slide within the bottom cylinder when the impeller rotates, improving peeling efficiency and peeling effect.

[0010] Furthermore, the bottom plate of the bottom cylinder has several annular channel openings, each corresponding to a blade. The grille includes several concentric rings fixedly mounted on the bottom plate of the bottom cylinder, with the concentric rings corresponding to the areas of the annular channel openings. The gap between adjacent concentric rings is less than or equal to 1.5 cm. The grille design ensures that the airflow from the intake structure can smoothly enter the bottom cylinder, prevents dates from falling from the bottom of the cylinder, and limits the gap between adjacent concentric rings to prevent date skins and impurities from accumulating at the grille, thus ensuring unobstructed airflow.

[0011] Furthermore, the feeding structure includes a fan-shaped annular opening on the bottom plate of the bottom cylinder, which is connected to a guide trough. A fan-shaped annular baffle is provided at the fan-shaped annular opening, and the fan-shaped baffle is connected to a linkage mechanism, which in turn is connected to a third actuator located on the outer wall of the bottom cylinder. By driving the linkage mechanism through the third actuator, the feeding baffle can be opened and closed, facilitating the control of the discharge of peeled dates. The structure is simple and easy to operate.

[0012] Furthermore, the friction layer includes a sandblasting layer disposed on the impeller surface and sandpaper detachably disposed on the inner wall of the bottom cylinder; the inner wall of the bottom cylinder has annular grooves at equal intervals, with two annular grooves respectively engaging with the upper and lower edges of the sandpaper, and the edges of the sandpaper being pressed tightly within the annular grooves by an inner support opening ring. The sandblasting layer and sandpaper provide a good friction effect, ensuring peeling efficiency; at the same time, the sandpaper adopts a detachable design, facilitating subsequent replacement and maintenance, and reducing operating costs.

[0013] Furthermore, the guide grille cover includes an outer ring, the bottom of which is inserted into the bottom cylinder. Several arc-shaped guide rods are fixedly arranged circumferentially on the inner ring surface of the outer ring. The arc-shaped guide rods are inclined, and the gap between adjacent arc-shaped guide rods is less than or equal to 1.5 cm. The guide grille cover prevents jujubes from being discharged from the air outlet structure and also plays a certain role in guiding backflow. The gap between adjacent arc-shaped guide rods ensures that jujube peel impurities can smoothly pass through the guide grille cover and enter the air outlet structure with the airflow.

[0014] Furthermore, the hourglass-shaped top cover includes a central cylinder with a lower conical portion and an upper conical portion. The lower conical portion is inserted into an outer ring, and the upper end face of the upper conical portion is open to form a quantitative hopper. The feed inlet is located in the inner hole of the central cylinder, which has a rotatable support shaft. The feed baffle is a circular plate, fixedly connected to the support shaft, and the outer end of the support shaft is provided with a horn-shaped piece, which is connected to the drive end of a second driver. The second driver drives the support shaft to rotate via the horn-shaped piece, thereby opening or closing the feed inlet. The quantitative hopper can pre-store a certain amount of jujubes. The second driver controls the opening of the feed baffle to achieve rapid quantitative feeding, ensuring a stable processing volume of jujubes in the bottom cylinder and thus ensuring uniform peeling. The hourglass-shaped structure design facilitates concentrated feeding of jujubes, preventing them from accumulating inside the top cover.

[0015] Furthermore, the air inlet structure includes an annular shroud fixedly installed below the bottom cylinder. The bottom of the annular shroud is connected to a first diversion pipe, which is connected to a circulating fan. A second diversion pipe is connected to the bottom of the annular shroud, which is connected to a compensating fan. The annular shroud enables the airflow to be evenly distributed at the bottom of the bottom cylinder, ensuring consistent airflow intensity in all areas within the bottom cylinder and improving the air separation and impurity removal effect. The compensating fan can supplement airflow losses according to actual processing needs, ensuring stable air pressure in the airflow system.

[0016] Furthermore, the air outlet structure includes an annular groove at the opening end of the lower cone, which is connected to the air outlet pipe. The air filter box includes a box body connected to the air outlet pipe and a circulating fan on both sides respectively. A partition is provided in the middle of the box body, and filter holes are vertically arranged on the partition. A slag trough is provided at the bottom of the box body on the air inlet side, and a slag discharge chamber door that can be slidably opened is provided at the bottom of the slag trough. A partition opening corresponding to the partition is provided at the top of the box body for removing the partition. The air filter box can filter the airflow containing jujube peel impurities, intercepting the jujube peel impurities on the filter screen. The filtered airflow is then reintroduced into the air inlet structure by the circulating fan, realizing airflow recycling and saving energy. The slag trough can collect fallen jujube peel impurities, which can be cleaned periodically through the slag discharge chamber door, making operation convenient. The partition can be removed from the partition opening, making it easy to clean or replace the filter holes.

[0017] Furthermore, the circulating fan is an axial flow fan, and the compensating fan is a centrifugal fan; the first driver is a motor, and the second and third drivers are both electric cylinders or pneumatic cylinders; the hourglass-shaped top cover is equipped with an observation window. The axial flow fan features large air volume and low pressure loss, making it suitable for airflow circulation systems; the centrifugal fan has the advantages of high air pressure and a wide adjustment range, meeting the needs of compensating airflow; the motor, electric cylinder, or pneumatic cylinder are all mature drive components, ensuring stable operation and high reliability; the observation window allows operators to observe the processing of the jujubes in the bottom cylinder in real time, promptly identifying and handling any abnormalities.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are: Achieving integrated dry peeling and air separation for impurity removal: This invention uses an air inlet structure at the bottom of the drum and an air outlet structure at the top, combined with a circulating fan and a compensating fan to form a stable upward airflow. During the peeling process of jujubes, impurities in the jujube skin are carried away by the airflow. After being filtered by the air filter box, the airflow is recycled, achieving the separation of jujube skin impurities from jujubes without the need for water washing. This avoids the jujubes absorbing water, eliminates the need for subsequent drying processes, reduces processing costs, and at the same time preserves the original flavor and taste of the jujubes.

[0019] Quantitative feeding ensures uniform processing: The upper part of the hourglass-shaped top cover serves as a quantitative feeding hopper. The opening and closing of the feeding baffle is controlled by the second driver to achieve quantitative feeding, keeping the amount of red dates processed in the bottom cylinder stable each time. This avoids problems such as over-grinding or under-grinding of red dates due to fluctuations in the feeding amount, ensuring that all red dates have a uniform peeling effect and improving product quality.

[0020] High peeling efficiency and good results: The impeller adopts a spindle-shaped central body, inclined blades and twisted curved surface structure design, which, together with the friction layer on the bottom cylinder side wall and the impeller surface, can drive the jujubes to roll and slide violently in the bottom cylinder when the impeller rotates, increasing the contact frequency and friction between the jujubes and the friction layer, quickly removing the jujube skin, and causing little damage to the jujube flesh.

[0021] Reasonable structure, convenient operation and easy maintenance: The connection between each component is simple and reliable. The process of feeding, peeling and discharging is controlled by the driver, and the degree of automation is high. The sandpaper adopts a detachable design, and the filter holes and baffles can be easily removed for cleaning or replacement, reducing equipment maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the frame of the present invention from the bottom view; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the bottom cylinder of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a top view schematic diagram of the concentric ring structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the impeller mounting structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the guide grille cover installation structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding structure of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the air filter box of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the air filter box of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the impeller structure of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the impeller of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the guide grille cover structure of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a top view of the guide grille cover structure of the present invention; Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the hourglass-shaped top cover structure of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the hourglass-shaped top cover structure from another perspective of the present invention; Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the air intake structure of the present invention; Figure 18This is a schematic diagram of the feeding structure of the present invention; Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the parabola of the surface of revolution of the present invention.

[0024] In the diagram: 1: Frame, 2: Bottom cylinder, 3: Impeller, 31: Spindle-shaped central body, 32: Blade, 33: Outer ring, 34: Rotational surface, 4: First driver, 5: Grille, 51: Concentric ring, 6: Air inlet structure, 61: Annular cover, 62: First diversion pipe, 63: Second diversion pipe, 7: Guide grille cover, 71: Outer ring, 72: Arc-shaped guide rod, 8: Hourglass-shaped top cover, 81: Central cylinder, 82: Lower cone section, 83: Upper cone section, 84: Quantitative feed hopper, 85: Feed inlet, 86: Discharge baffle, 87: Support 88: Support shaft; 89: Observation window; 9: Air outlet structure; 91: Annular groove; 92: Air outlet pipe; 10: Air filter box; 101: Box body; 102: Partition plate; 104: Slag chute; 105: Slag discharge bin door; 106: Partition plate opening; 11: Circulating fan; 12: Compensating fan; 13: Second drive; 14: Discharge structure; 141: Fan-shaped annular opening; 142: Guide chute; 143: Linkage mechanism; 15: Third drive; 16: Friction layer; 161: Sandblasting layer; 162: Sandpaper; 18: Inner support opening ring. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in Figures 3 and 6, in Embodiment 1, a jujube peeling machine for quantitative feeding includes a frame 1. A bottom cylinder 2 is fixedly installed on the frame 1 by bolts. The bottom cylinder 2 has a cylindrical structure and a rotatable impeller 3 is provided inside the bottom cylinder 2. The central shaft of the impeller 3 is rotatably engaged with the bottom cylinder 2 through a bearing. The central shaft of the impeller 3 passes through the bottom wall of the bottom cylinder and is engaged with a first driver 4 located at the bottom of the frame 1. In this embodiment, the first driver 4 is a motor, which is connected to the central shaft of the impeller 3 through a belt drive pair. After the motor starts, it can drive the impeller 3 to rotate at high speed inside the bottom cylinder 2. Specifically, in this embodiment, the impeller 3 includes a spindle-shaped central body 31. The spindle-shaped central body 31 is circumferentially provided with a plurality of blades 32. The blades 32 are inclined, and the outer ends of the blades 32 are all connected to an outer ring body 33.

[0027] In addition, such as Figure 4 , 5As shown, the bottom of the bottom cylinder 2 is provided with a grid 5, and several annular channel openings are opened on the bottom plate of the bottom cylinder 2. In this embodiment, a total of four annular channel openings are provided, and the annular channel openings are corresponding to the blades 32 of the impeller 3. The grid 5 includes several concentric rings 51 fixedly installed on the bottom plate of the bottom cylinder 2. The concentric rings 51 are fixedly connected to the bottom plate of the bottom cylinder 2 by welding. The areas where the concentric rings 51 and the annular channel openings are located correspond to each other. The gap between adjacent concentric rings 51 is set to 1 cm. The concentric rings can ensure that the airflow passes smoothly and prevent the jujubes from falling.

[0028] In addition, such as Figure 17 As shown, the bottom cylinder 2 is connected to an air inlet structure 6 via a grille 5. The air inlet structure 6 includes an annular cover 61 fixedly installed below the bottom cylinder 2. The annular cover 61 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bottom cylinder 2 by bolts. A first diversion pipe 62 and a second diversion pipe 63 are welded to the bottom of the annular cover 61. The first diversion pipe 62 is connected to the circulating fan 11, and the second diversion pipe 63 is connected to the compensating fan 12. In this embodiment, the first diversion pipe includes two parallel V-shaped air ducts, which are connected to the central air duct. The central air duct is connected to the circulating fan, thereby achieving the purpose of the circulating fan supplying air to the four air inlets opened on the annular cover. The second air duct includes a T-shaped air duct. The three ends of the T-shaped air duct are respectively connected to the three air inlets opened on the annular cover. The T-shaped air duct is connected to the compensating fan through a duct, thereby achieving the purpose of the compensating fan supplying air to the air inlets.

[0029] In this embodiment, the circulating fan 11 is an axial flow fan, and the compensating fan 12 is a centrifugal fan. The axial flow fan has the characteristics of large air volume and low pressure loss, which can realize airflow circulation, while the centrifugal fan has the advantages of high air pressure and wide adjustment range, which can meet the needs of compensating airflow and avoid the airflow circulation volume and air pressure being affected by air leakage at the gaps in the entire equipment. Furthermore, a slag discharge opening is provided on the side wall of the annular cover. One side of the slag discharge opening is connected to one side of the cover plate by a hinge, and the other side of the cover plate is connected to the annular cover by bolts.

[0030] In addition, such as Figure 7 , 13As shown in Figure 14, a guide grille cover 7 is provided on the top of the bottom cylinder 2. The guide grille cover 7 includes an outer ring 71, the bottom of which is connected to the top of the bottom cylinder 2 by a plug-in connection. Several arc-shaped guide rods 72 are fixedly arranged circumferentially on the inner ring surface of the outer ring 71. The arc-shaped guide rods 72 are fixedly connected to the outer ring 71 by welding. The arc-shaped guide rods 72 are inclined at an angle of 30° relative to the vertical plane, so as to match the direction of the dates thrown out by the high-speed rotation of the impeller, thereby guiding the path of the dates. Under the guidance of the arc-shaped guide rods, the dates moving along the side wall of the bottom cylinder move towards the center and fall onto the impeller in the center, achieving a cyclic tumbling and improving the peeling efficiency. The gap between adjacent arc-shaped guide rods 72 is set to 1cm to ensure that date skin impurities can pass smoothly through the guide grille cover and enter the air outlet structure with the airflow. The design of the arc-shaped guide rods can prevent the dates from being discharged from the air outlet structure and also play a certain role in guiding backflow.

[0031] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 , 15 As shown in Figure 16, an hourglass-shaped top cover 8 is provided above the guide grid cover 7. Specifically, in this embodiment, the hourglass-shaped top cover 8 includes a central cylinder 81, on which a lower cone portion 82 and an upper cone portion 83 are integrally formed. The lower cone portion 82 is connected to the outer connecting ring 71 by a plug-in method. The upper end face of the upper cone portion 83 is open to form a quantitative material bin 84. The volume of the quantitative material bin 84 can be designed according to actual processing needs and can be used in conjunction with the conveyor belt of the production line. The red dates are directly transported by the conveyor belt and fall into the quantitative material bin, realizing automatic feeding and reducing manual intervention. When the red dates in the quantitative material bin reach the required accumulation, feeding stops, and the feeding preparation is completed. The upper cone portion allows the red dates to slide down under the action of gravity to realize feeding. The quantitative material bin can limit the maximum amount of material it can carry. When the accumulation exceeds the limit, the excess red dates will roll off. Therefore, the amount of red dates accumulated in the quantitative material bin can be judged by the worker in actual use. The central cylinder 81 has an inner hole for the feed inlet 85. A rotatable support shaft 87 is mounted on the central cylinder 81 via a bearing. The discharge baffle 86 is a circular plate, fixedly connected to the support shaft 87 by welding. A horn-shaped piece 88 is welded to the outer end of the support shaft 87. The horn-shaped piece 88 is connected to the drive end of the second actuator 13 via a pin. In this embodiment, the second actuator 13 can be an electric cylinder or a pneumatic cylinder. The tail end of the second actuator 13 is hinged to a hinge seat, which is bolted to the frame 1. After the second actuator 13 is started, the drive end extends, pushing the horn-shaped piece 88 to rotate, simultaneously rotating the support shaft 87, which in turn causes the discharge baffle 86 to open or close the feed inlet 85. When open, the jujubes lose the support of the discharge baffle and automatically fall into the bottom cylinder below, achieving quantitative feeding. The hourglass-shaped top cover 8 has an observation window 89 made of transparent acrylic sheet, fixed to the top cover 8 by bolts, facilitating observation of the degree of peeling of the jujubes during processing.

[0032] In addition, the lower part of the hourglass-shaped top cover 8 is provided with an air outlet structure 9. The air outlet structure 9 includes an annular groove 91 located at the opening end of the lower cone portion 82. The annular groove 91 is welded to the air outlet pipe 92. The bottom of the annular groove is open to receive airflow. The air outlet pipe 92 is connected to one side of the air filter box 10, and the other side of the air filter box 10 is connected to the circulating fan 11. As shown in 9 and 10, the air filter box 10 includes a box body 101. A partition 102 is provided in the middle of the box body 101. Filter holes are vertically provided on the partition 102. A slag trough 104 is provided at the bottom of the box body 101 on the air inlet side. A slag discharge chamber door 105 that can be slidably opened is provided at the bottom of the slag trough 104. A partition opening 106 corresponding to the partition 102 is provided at the top of the box body 101. An openable cover is provided at the partition opening 106. The partition 102 can be removed through the partition opening 106 for easy cleaning of the filter holes. In this embodiment, the partition is inclined and tilted towards the top of the slag trough, so that when the machine stops, the jujube peels adsorbed on the partition will fall into the slag trough under gravity.

[0033] As a further specific embodiment, the bottom of the bottom cylinder 2 is provided with an openable discharge structure 14. The discharge structure 14 includes a fan-shaped annular opening 141 on the bottom plate of the bottom cylinder 2. The fan-shaped annular opening 141 is welded to the guide trough 142. The guide trough 142 is inclined to facilitate the discharge of red dates. A fan-shaped annular baffle 100 is provided at the fan-shaped annular opening 141. The fan-shaped annular baffle 100 is connected to the linkage mechanism 143 by a pin. The linkage mechanism 143 is connected to the third driver 15 provided on the outer wall of the bottom cylinder 2 by a pin. In this embodiment, the third driver 15 is a cylinder. After the third driver 15 is started, it drives the discharge baffle 86 to rotate through the linkage mechanism 143, thereby realizing the opening and closing of the fan-shaped annular opening 141. Specifically, in this embodiment, the linkage mechanism includes a first hinge seat 1433 and a second hinge seat 1434 fixedly mounted on the bottom cylinder. The fan-shaped annular baffle 100 is hinged to the first hinge seat 1433, the second hinge seat 1434 is hinged to one end of the first connecting rod 1432, the other end of the first connecting rod 1432 is hinged to the middle of the second connecting rod 1431, and both ends of the second connecting rod 1431 are respectively hinged to the fan-shaped annular baffle 100 and the driving end of the third driver 15. When the third driver 15 is working, it can push the second connecting rod and the first connecting rod to move, thereby driving the fan-shaped annular baffle connected to the second baffle to realize the opening and closing movement.

[0034] Furthermore, a friction layer 16 is provided on the side wall of the bottom cylinder 2 and the surface of the impeller 3. The friction layer 16 includes a sandblasting layer 161 disposed on the surface of the impeller 3 and sandpaper 162 detachably disposed on the inner wall of the bottom cylinder 2. Specifically, in this embodiment, annular grooves are equally spaced on the inner wall of the bottom cylinder 2. The two annular grooves respectively mate with the upper and lower sides of the sandpaper 162, and the edge of the sandpaper 162 is pressed into the annular groove by an inner support opening ring 18. The inner support opening ring 18 is an elastic steel ring, which facilitates the installation and removal of the sandpaper 162. The sandblasting layer is polishing sand that is adhered to the surface of the impeller through a sandblasting process, which can achieve the same abrasive effect as sandpaper.

[0035] In a further specific implementation, the first driver, the second driver, and the third driver are all electrically connected to the controller, which can be a conventional PLC control board to achieve automated control of each moving component. Additionally, the axial flow fan and the centrifugal fan are also electrically connected to the controller to achieve controllable processing.

[0036] In Example 2, based on Example 1, a rotary surface 34 is provided between the upper surface of the spindle-shaped central body 31 and the side wall of the blade 32. The generatrix of the rotary surface 34 is parabolic, and the lowest point of the rotary surface is at the connection between the spindle-shaped central body 31 and the blade 32.

[0037] As a further alternative implementation, such as Figure 19 As shown, the generatrix of the surface of revolution comprises two parabolic segments. A coordinate system is established with the connection point between the spindle-shaped central body 31 and the blade 32 as the origin, with coordinates (0, 0). The coordinates of the highest point of the surface of revolution on the blade are (-200, 300), and the coordinates of the highest point of the surface of revolution on the spindle-shaped central body are (500, 700). The parabolic equation of the generatrix located on the blade is... Where -200≤x≤0, the parabola equation of the generatrix located on the spindle-shaped central body is: , where 0≤x≤500.

[0038] The blade 32 has a 30° inclination angle relative to the vertical plane, which guides the centrifugal motion of the jujubes as they move synchronously with the spindle-shaped central body. The inner wall of the outer ring 33 is an arc-shaped inclined surface, and the inner diameter of the lower edge of the outer ring 33 is smaller than the inner diameter of the upper edge, thus facilitating the centrifugal motion of the jujubes and causing them to move upwards onto the sandpaper on the inner wall of the bottom cylinder. In this embodiment, the blade surface, the inner wall of the outer ring 33, and the surface of the spindle-shaped central body are all sandblasted surfaces, which can achieve a peeling and skinning effect when in contact with the jujubes.

[0039] The working process of the above embodiments is as follows: First, the red dates to be processed are placed into the quantitative hopper 84. According to the processing requirements, the second driver 13 controls the opening of the discharge baffle 86 so that the quantitative red dates fall into the bottom cylinder 2 through the feed port 85.

[0040] Start the first drive 4 to drive the impeller 3 to rotate at high speed inside the bottom cylinder 2. The structural design of the impeller 3 causes the jujubes to tumble and slide violently inside the bottom cylinder 2. The blades of the inclined impeller can throw the jujubes to the inner wall of the drum under centrifugal force, and under the guidance of the guide grid cover, they flow back and fall onto the spindle-shaped central body. The jujubes are fully rubbed against the sandpaper 162 on the side wall of the bottom cylinder 2 and the sandblasting layer 161 on the surface of the impeller 3 to achieve full peeling.

[0041] Simultaneously, the circulating fan 11 and the compensating fan 12 are started. The compensating fan 12 supplements the airflow to the air inlet structure 6, and the circulating fan 11 makes the airflow circulate. After the airflow is evenly distributed through the annular cover 61 of the air inlet structure 6, it enters the bottom cylinder 2 through the grille 5, forming a stable upward airflow. The jujube peel impurities generated during the peeling process are carried away by the upward airflow and enter the air filter box 10 through the guide grille cover 7, the annular groove 91 of the air outlet structure 9 and the air outlet pipe 92. At the same time, to a certain extent, the airflow can also give the jujubes an upward lift force, so that the jujubes are more dispersed in contact with the inner wall of the bottom cylinder and continue to move upward under the centrifugal force. Under the guidance of the guide grille cover, they flow back down onto the spindle-shaped central body, achieving more thorough peeling and improving peeling efficiency and quality.

[0042] Airflow containing jujube peel impurities is filtered through the filter holes in the air filter box 10. The jujube peel impurities are intercepted on the filter holes, and some of the heavier jujube peel impurities fall into the slag trough 104. The impurities in the slag trough 104 are cleaned periodically through the slag discharge chamber door 105. The filtered airflow is then sent back into the air intake structure 6 by the circulating fan 11 to achieve airflow recycling.

[0043] After the jujubes are peeled, the first drive 4, the circulating fan 11 and the compensating fan 12 are turned off, and the third drive 15 is started. The fan-shaped baffle 100 at the fan-shaped opening 141 is opened through the linkage mechanism 143. The peeled jujubes fall into the guide trough 142 through the fan-shaped opening 141 and are discharged from the guide trough 142, thus completing the processing.

[0044] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A jujube peeling machine with quantitative feeding, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that: A bottom cylinder (2) is provided on the frame (1), and a rotatable impeller (3) is provided inside the bottom cylinder (2). The impeller (3) is driven by a first driver (4) provided on the frame (1). A grille (5) is provided at the bottom of the bottom cylinder (2), and an air inlet structure (6) is connected through the grille (5). A guide grille cover (7) is provided at the top of the bottom cylinder (2), and an hourglass-shaped top cover (8) is provided above the guide grille cover (7). An air outlet structure (9) is provided at the bottom of the hourglass-shaped top cover (8). The air outlet structure (9) is connected in sequence to an air filter box (10) and a circulating fan (11), and is connected to the air inlet structure (6) through the circulating fan (11). The frame (1) is equipped with a compensating fan (12) connected to the air inlet structure (6); the hourglass-shaped top cover (8) is provided with a feed inlet (85) in the middle, and an openable discharge baffle (86) is provided at the feed inlet (85). The discharge baffle (86) is driven and cooperated with the second driver (13) provided on the frame (1). The upper part of the hourglass-shaped top cover (8) is a quantitative material hopper (84); the bottom of the bottom cylinder (2) is provided with an openable discharge structure (14), and the discharge structure (14) is driven and cooperated with the third driver (15) provided on the frame (1); the side wall of the bottom cylinder (2) and the surface of the impeller (3) are both provided with a friction layer (16).

2. The jujube peeling machine with quantitative feeding according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impeller (3) includes a spindle-shaped central body (31), and a number of blades (32) are arranged around the spindle-shaped central body (31). The blades (32) are inclined and the outer ends of the blades (32) are connected to the outer ring body (33). A rotary surface (34) is provided between the upper surface of the spindle-shaped central body (31) and the side wall of the blades (32). The generatrix of the rotary surface (34) is parabolic. The lowest point of the rotary surface is at the connection between the spindle-shaped central body (31) and the blades (32). The inner diameter of the lower edge of the outer ring body (33) is smaller than the inner diameter of the upper edge.

3. The jujube peeling machine with quantitative feeding according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom plate of the bottom cylinder (2) is provided with several annular channel openings, which correspond to the blades (32). The grid (5) includes several concentric rings (51) fixedly set on the bottom plate of the bottom cylinder (2). The concentric rings (51) correspond to the areas where the annular channel openings are located, and the gap between adjacent concentric rings (51) is less than or equal to 1.5cm.

4. The jujube peeling machine with quantitative feeding according to claim 3, characterized in that: The feeding structure (14) includes a fan-shaped annular opening (141) on the bottom plate of the bottom cylinder (2). The fan-shaped annular opening (141) is connected to the guide groove (142). A fan-shaped annular baffle (100) is provided at the fan-shaped annular opening (141). The fan-shaped baffle (100) is connected to the linkage mechanism (143) and is connected to the third driver (15) provided on the outer wall of the bottom cylinder (2) through the linkage mechanism (143).

5. The jujube peeling machine with quantitative feeding according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The friction layer (16) includes a sandblasting layer (161) disposed on the surface of the impeller (3) and sandpaper (162) detachably disposed on the inner wall of the bottom cylinder (2); the inner wall of the bottom cylinder (2) is provided with annular grooves at equal intervals, the two annular grooves respectively cooperate with the upper and lower sides of the sandpaper (162), and the edge of the sandpaper (162) is pressed into the annular groove by the inner support opening ring (18).

6. The jujube peeling machine with quantitative feeding according to claim 5, characterized in that: The guide grid cover (7) includes an outer ring (71), the bottom of which is inserted into the bottom cylinder (2). The inner ring surface of the outer ring (71) is fixedly provided with several arc-shaped guide rods (72) along the circumference. The arc-shaped guide rods (72) are inclined and the gap between adjacent arc-shaped guide rods (72) is less than or equal to 1.5cm.

7. The jujube peeling machine with quantitative feeding according to claim 6, characterized in that: The hourglass-shaped top cover (8) includes a central cylinder (81), on which a lower cone (82) and an upper cone (83) are respectively provided. The lower cone (82) is inserted into the outer ring (71), and the upper end face of the upper cone (83) is open to form a quantitative hopper (84). The feed inlet (85) is located in the inner hole of the central cylinder (81). The central cylinder (81) is provided with a rotatable support shaft (87). The feed baffle (86) is a circular plate. The feed baffle (86) is fixedly connected to the support shaft (87), and the outer end of the support shaft (87) is provided with a horn piece (88). The horn piece (88) is connected to the driving end of the second driver (13). The second driver (13) is used to drive the support shaft (87) to rotate via the horn piece (88), thereby driving the feed baffle (86) to open or close the feed inlet (85).

8. The jujube peeling machine with quantitative feeding according to claim 7, characterized in that: The air intake structure (6) includes an annular cover (61) fixedly installed below the bottom cylinder (2). The bottom of the annular cover (61) is connected to the first diversion pipe (62), the first diversion pipe (62) is connected to the circulating fan (11), and the bottom of the annular cover (61) is connected to the second diversion pipe (63), the second diversion pipe (63) is connected to the compensation fan (12).

9. The jujube peeling machine with quantitative feeding according to claim 8, characterized in that: The air outlet structure (9) includes an annular groove (91) provided at the opening end of the lower cone part (82), the annular groove (91) is connected to the air outlet pipe (92), the air filter box (10) includes a box body (101) connected to the air outlet pipe (92) and the circulating fan (11) on both sides respectively, a partition (102) is provided inside the box body (101), a filter hole is provided on the partition (102), a slag trough (104) is provided at the bottom of the box body (101) on the air inlet side, a slag discharge chamber door (105) that can be slidably opened is provided at the bottom of the slag trough (104), and a partition opening (106) corresponding to the partition (102) is provided at the top of the box body (101), the partition opening (106) is used to remove the partition (102).

10. The jujube peeling machine with quantitative feeding according to any one of claims 1-4 and 6-9, characterized in that: The circulating fan (11) is an axial flow fan, and the compensating fan (12) is a centrifugal fan; the first driver (4) is a motor, and the second driver (13) and the third driver (15) are both electric cylinders or pneumatic cylinders; the hourglass-shaped top cover (8) is provided with an observation window (89).

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