Air balance debugging method for air pipe of variable air volume air conditioner

Abstract

The invention discloses a variable air volume air conditioner air pipe air balance debugging method, and particularly relates to the technical field of heating ventilation air conditioner debugging, which comprises the following steps: taking real-time air volume data as input, matching with preset design air volume, calculating air volume deviation and generating an air volume deviation intensity factor; meanwhile, a system disturbance sensitive factor is generated in a preset time period, a branch coupling influence factor is calculated based on the air volume change of adjacent air pipe branches, a guiding position is determined by comparing the three factors, and a corresponding regulation and control strategy is selected to determine an air valve target regulation quantity until an air balance judgment condition is met to form a closed loop; by matching the real-time air volume with the designed air volume, introducing the air volume deviation intensity factor, the system disturbance sensitive factor and the branch coupling influence factor, determining the regulation and control strategy and forming the closed-loop debugging process, automatic regulation and stable judgment of the air valve are realized, the debugging accuracy and stability are improved, the repeated debugging cost is reduced, and the efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of HVAC commissioning technology, and more specifically, to a method for balancing the airflow in a variable air volume (VAV) air conditioning duct. Background Technology

[0002] In air conditioning duct projects using variable air volume (VAV) operation, each duct terminal or branch is typically assigned a different design air volume based on its function and design load. During actual operation and commissioning, due to factors such as uneven duct resistance distribution, initial valve opening deviations, and changes in operating conditions, the actual air volume of each duct terminal or branch often deviates from the corresponding design air volume. Therefore, air balancing commissioning needs to be performed during project delivery or operation.

[0003] Existing air balancing commissioning methods typically rely on the difference between the real-time measured airflow and the design airflow as the primary basis. This involves manually or semi-automatically adjusting the opening of dampers one by one to gradually bring the airflow at each measuring point closer to the design value. However, this type of commissioning method often uses a single airflow deviation as the basis for adjustment, lacking a unified quantitative description of the degree of airflow deviation. This makes it difficult to establish comparable adjustment criteria across different duct ends or duct branches, leading to commissioning decisions depending on experience and inconsistent adjustment scales.

[0004] Under variable air volume (VAV) operation, the air volume is not static but fluctuates within a certain time range depending on the operating conditions, and these air volume changes are often accompanied by static pressure changes. If adjustments are made based solely on air volume data at a single moment, it's easy to make adjustment decisions before the air volume and static pressure have stabilized, leading to repeated fluctuations in the adjusted air volume and reducing the stability and convergence of the air balance commissioning. Existing commissioning methods typically lack a comprehensive description of air volume and static pressure changes, making it difficult to identify whether the current commissioning phase is in a state susceptible to disturbances.

[0005] In duct networks, duct branches are not independent of each other. When adjusting the damper of a duct branch, the duct topology often affects adjacent duct branches, causing changes in the airflow of other duct branches and thus disrupting the completed commissioning results. Existing commissioning methods typically do not quantify the mutual influence between adjacent duct branches and lack an effective description of the branch coupling relationship, making the commissioning process prone to repeated adjustments and difficulty in achieving overall convergence. Therefore, this invention proposes a variable air volume (VAV) air conditioning duct air balancing commissioning method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A method for adjusting the air balance of a variable air volume (VAV) air conditioning duct includes the following steps: Acquire real-time air volume data at multiple duct terminals or duct branches in a variable air volume air conditioning system, and match the real-time air volume data with the corresponding preset design air volume; Based on real-time air volume data and corresponding design air volume, calculate the air volume deviation value of each duct end or duct branch, and calculate the air volume deviation intensity factor based on the air volume deviation value. The system disturbance sensitivity factor is calculated based on the changes in air volume and static pressure within a preset time period, and the branch coupling influence factor is calculated based on the degree of influence of changes in air volume of adjacent duct branches on the air volume of the target duct branch. The guiding role of each factor is determined based on the relative relationship between the air volume deviation intensity factor, the system disturbance sensitivity factor, and the branch coupling influence factor. The corresponding control strategy is selected based on the combination of guiding roles to determine the target adjustment amount of the air valve. The system automatically adjusts the air valves at the corresponding duct ends or duct branches according to the target adjustment amount, and re-acquires real-time air volume data after a preset stabilization time after the adjustment is completed. Determine whether the deviation between the newly acquired real-time air volume data and the corresponding design air volume meets the preset air balance judgment conditions. If it does, end the air balance debugging. If it does not, continue to execute the air volume deviation calculation, factor-guided position determination and air valve adjustment process until the air balance judgment conditions are met.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, at the start or during the wind balance commissioning process, real-time air volume data is acquired at the corresponding positions of each duct end or duct branch, and the acquired real-time air volume data is associated with the corresponding design air volume parameters according to the pre-set duct identification information to complete the data matching.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, based on the correlation between real-time air volume data and design air volume, the difference between the real-time air volume and the corresponding design air volume of each duct end or duct branch is calculated, and the difference is normalized with the corresponding design air volume to obtain a standardized deviation value that reflects the relative deviation of air volume. Based on the standardized deviation value and combined with the preset proportional mapping rule, the air volume deviation value is mapped to a dimensionless air volume deviation intensity factor.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, after obtaining the standardized airflow deviation value, the standardized airflow deviation value is converted into an airflow deviation intensity factor using a preset proportional mapping rule, wherein the proportional mapping rule is one of the following methods: Based on a linear proportional relationship, the standardized air volume deviation value is multiplied by a preset proportional coefficient to obtain the air volume deviation intensity factor. According to the segmented proportional relationship, the standardized air volume deviation value is divided into multiple numerical intervals, and a corresponding proportional coefficient is set for each numerical interval to generate the corresponding air volume deviation intensity factor. Based on a nonlinear proportional relationship, the standardized airflow deviation value is transformed using a monotonically changing mapping function to obtain the airflow deviation intensity factor.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the logic for generating the system disturbance sensitivity factor is as follows: Within a preset time period, real-time air volume data and system static pressure data of the duct end or duct branch are synchronously acquired at fixed sampling intervals. The change range of real-time air volume data and the change range of system static pressure data at adjacent sampling times are calculated respectively, and corresponding air volume change sequence and static pressure change sequence are formed. The air volume change sequence and the static pressure change sequence are accumulated and divided by the corresponding number of samplings to obtain the air volume disturbance description value and the static pressure disturbance description value. The air volume disturbance description value is then normalized with the design air volume, and the static pressure disturbance description value is then normalized with the preset static pressure reference value. Based on the normalized air volume disturbance description values ​​and the normalized static pressure disturbance description values, system disturbance sensitivity factors are generated according to preset combination rules.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the combination rule refers to: After obtaining the normalized airflow disturbance description value and the normalized static pressure disturbance description value, the airflow disturbance description value is compared with the preset airflow disturbance stability judgment threshold, and the static pressure disturbance description value is compared with the preset static pressure disturbance stability judgment threshold. When the air volume disturbance description value exceeds the air volume disturbance stability judgment threshold and the static pressure disturbance description value does not exceed the static pressure disturbance stability judgment threshold, the air volume disturbance state is determined to be the dominant state. When the static pressure disturbance description value exceeds the static pressure disturbance stability judgment threshold and the air volume disturbance description value does not exceed the air volume disturbance stability judgment threshold, the static pressure disturbance state is determined to be the dominant state. When the air volume disturbance description value exceeds the air volume disturbance stability judgment threshold and the static pressure disturbance description value exceeds the static pressure disturbance stability judgment threshold, the air volume disturbance state and the static pressure disturbance state are determined to be a cooperative disturbance state. When the airflow disturbance description value does not exceed the airflow disturbance stability judgment threshold and the static pressure disturbance description value does not exceed the static pressure disturbance stability judgment threshold, the airflow disturbance state and the static pressure disturbance state are determined to be the system stable state.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, when the air volume disturbance state is determined to be the dominant state, the air volume disturbance description value is used as the base value, and when the base value exceeds the preset air volume disturbance upper limit threshold, the air volume disturbance upper limit threshold is taken as the system disturbance sensitivity factor. When the static pressure disturbance state is determined to be the dominant state, the static pressure disturbance description value is used as the basic value, and when the basic value exceeds the preset static pressure disturbance upper limit threshold, the static pressure disturbance upper limit threshold is taken as the system disturbance sensitivity factor. When the air volume disturbance state and the static pressure disturbance state are determined to be a coordinated disturbance state, the air volume disturbance description value and the static pressure disturbance description value are obtained respectively. The larger of the two values ​​is taken as the base value. When the base value exceeds the preset coordinated disturbance upper limit threshold, the coordinated disturbance upper limit threshold is taken as the system disturbance sensitivity factor. When the system is determined to be in a stable state, the system disturbance sensitivity factor is determined as the product of the system disturbance sensitivity factor value determined in the previous control cycle and a preset proportional constant less than one.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the logic for obtaining the branch coupling influence factor is as follows: Within a preset time period, identify multiple adjacent duct branches that are connected to the target duct branch in the duct topology and located upstream of the target duct branch, and obtain real-time air volume data for each adjacent duct branch. Calculate the air volume variation of each adjacent duct branch between adjacent sampling times; Under the premise of satisfying connectivity and upstream relationship, according to the pipeline length relationship between the corresponding port of each adjacent duct branch and the corresponding port of the target duct branch or according to the distance relationship between the center point of each adjacent duct branch and the center point of the target duct branch, a corresponding weighting coefficient is set for different adjacent duct branches. Among them, the adjacent duct branches that are closer to each other correspond to a larger weighting coefficient, and the adjacent duct branches that are farther apart correspond to a smaller weighting coefficient. The air volume change amplitude of each adjacent duct branch is multiplied by the corresponding weighting coefficient, and the product results are summed to obtain the weighted coupling change value. The weighted coupling change value is normalized by dividing it by the design air volume of the target duct branch, resulting in the branch coupling influence factor, which characterizes the degree of influence of the air volume change of adjacent duct branches on the air volume of the target duct branch.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, after obtaining the air volume deviation intensity factor, system disturbance sensitivity factor, and branch coupling influence factor, the three are compared pairwise. Based on the comparison results, the factor with the largest value is determined as the primary guiding factor, the factor with the second largest value is determined as the secondary guiding factor, and the factor with the lowest value is determined as the constraint factor. Based on the combination relationship of the dominant directional factor, secondary directional factor, and constraint factor, select the control strategy corresponding to the current combination relationship, and comprehensively consider the adjustment needs of the dominant directional factor, the correction effect of the secondary directional factor, and the limiting effect of the constraint factor in the control strategy to determine the target adjustment amount of the corresponding air valve of the duct branch.

[0015] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: This invention acquires real-time airflow data from multiple duct ends or branches and matches this data with corresponding preset design airflow, providing a clear target benchmark and correspondence for air balance commissioning. Furthermore, it calculates airflow deviation values ​​based on the real-time airflow data and corresponding design airflow, and then calculates an airflow deviation intensity factor from these values, quantifying the degree of airflow deviation from the design target. This avoids the arbitrariness of adjustments based solely on single measurements or experience. Simultaneously, this invention introduces a system disturbance sensitivity factor calculated based on airflow changes and system static pressure changes within a preset time period, and a branch coupling influence factor calculated based on the impact of adjacent duct branch airflow changes on the target duct branch airflow. This ensures that the commissioning process not only focuses on "how large the deviation is," but also reflects "whether the current fluctuation is significant" and "whether adjacent branches have an impact," thus comprehensively reflecting deviation, fluctuation, and mutual influence within the same commissioning framework, improving the comprehensiveness and relevance of air balance commissioning decisions.

[0016] This invention determines the guiding role of each factor based on the relative relationship between the airflow deviation intensity factor, the system disturbance sensitivity factor, and the branch coupling influence factor. It then selects the corresponding control strategy based on the combination of these guiding roles to determine the target adjustment amount of the damper. This transforms damper adjustment from a single-criteria approach to a structured process of "factor-oriented—strategy selection—target adjustment amount determination." This structured process dynamically selects control strategies based on the relative relationships of factors at different commissioning stages. This ensures that the target adjustment amount of the damper matches the current airflow deviation, changes within a preset time period, and the influence of adjacent duct branches on the target duct branch, reducing the possibility of over-adjustment, adjustment conflicts, or repeated reversals under conditions of large fluctuations or strong mutual influence. Furthermore, by establishing a close correspondence between commissioning actions and commissioning criteria through the "determining the target adjustment amount—automatically adjusting the damper" method, it improves the consistency, repeatability, and controllability of the commissioning process.

[0017] This invention automatically adjusts the air valves at the end of the corresponding duct or in a duct branch according to the target adjustment amount. After adjustment, real-time air volume data is reacquired after a preset stabilization time. The deviation between the reacquired real-time air volume data and the corresponding design air volume is then judged to see if it meets the preset air balance judgment condition. This forms a closed-loop iterative debugging process: each round of adjustment is based on "adjustment stabilization - re-acquisition - re-judgment", avoiding misjudgment caused by direct judgment in the unstable stage after the air valve is activated. When the preset air balance judgment condition is met, the air balance debugging ends, providing a clear end standard and reducing ineffective adjustments. When the preset air balance judgment condition is not met, the air volume deviation calculation, factor-guided position determination, and air valve adjustment process continue until the preset air balance judgment condition is met. This gives the air balance debugging an iterative convergent mechanism, which can gradually approach the preset design air volume and be constrained by the judgment condition, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the debugging results and reducing the workload of repeated debugging caused by one-time inadequate adjustment. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings; Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a variable air volume (VAV) air conditioning duct air balance debugging method according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] Reference Figure 1 The following examples were obtained: Example 1: A method for adjusting the air balance of a variable air volume (VAV) air conditioning duct, comprising the following steps: Acquire real-time air volume data at multiple duct terminals or duct branches in the variable air volume (VAV) air conditioning system, and match the real-time air volume data with the corresponding preset design air volume; establish a correspondence between the real-time air volume data of the on-site operating status and the preset design air volume determined in the design stage, forming the basic input for subsequent calculations, so that the commissioning object, commissioning target and data source of each duct terminal or duct branch are consistent, thereby ensuring that the subsequent calculation of air volume deviation value, calculation of air volume deviation intensity factor and determination of the target adjustment amount of the air valve have a clear reference benchmark.

[0021] Based on real-time airflow data and corresponding design airflow, the airflow deviation value of each duct terminal or duct branch is calculated, and the airflow deviation intensity factor is calculated based on the airflow deviation value. The difference between real-time airflow data and corresponding design airflow is quantified by the airflow deviation value, clarifying the deviation direction and degree of each duct terminal or duct branch. Furthermore, the airflow deviation value is converted into a unified quantitative indicator that can be used for decision-making through the airflow deviation intensity factor, which is used to characterize the severity of the airflow deviation from the design target, thereby providing a comparable quantitative basis for subsequent factor-oriented status judgment, and enabling the commissioning process to revolve around the correction needs of airflow deviation.

[0022] The system disturbance sensitivity factor is calculated based on the changes in air volume and system static pressure within a preset time period, and the branch coupling influence factor is calculated based on the degree of influence of changes in air volume of adjacent duct branches on the air volume of the target duct branch. The system disturbance sensitivity factor is used to characterize the dynamic stability state of the system reflected by changes in air volume and system static pressure within a preset time period, so that commissioning decisions not only focus on the air volume deviation itself, but also identify whether the system is in a state susceptible to disturbance or a relatively stable state, thereby avoiding overly aggressive adjustments that could lead to oscillations when system fluctuations are significant. The branch coupling influence factor is used to characterize the degree of influence of changes in air volume of adjacent duct branches on the air volume of the target duct branch, so that commissioning decisions can identify the mutual influence relationships between branches in the duct network, avoiding the chain imbalance caused by adjusting only a single branch, thereby supporting more stable and coordinated air balance commissioning at the duct network level.

[0023] The guiding role of each factor is determined based on the relative relationships between the airflow deviation intensity factor, the system disturbance sensitivity factor, and the branch coupling influence factor. The corresponding control strategy is then selected based on the combination of these guiding roles to determine the target adjustment amount of the damper. By comparing the relative relationships between the airflow deviation intensity factor, the system disturbance sensitivity factor, and the branch coupling influence factor, the dominant information source that should be prioritized during the current commissioning phase is identified, shifting the commissioning process from "single-indicator driven" to "multi-factor guided decision-making." The determination of the guiding role clarifies the decision-making focus of the control strategy, ensuring that the system dynamic stability and branch coupling influence are considered while meeting the airflow deviation correction requirements. The combination of guiding roles reflects the decision structure when multiple factors coexist, enabling the control strategy to select different adjustment principles under different operating conditions. This determines the target adjustment amount of the damper that matches the current system state, improves commissioning convergence efficiency, and reduces system fluctuations and interference from adjacent branches caused by the adjustment.

[0024] The system automatically adjusts the dampers at the corresponding duct ends or branches based on the target adjustment amount, and re-acquires real-time airflow data after a preset stabilization time following the adjustment. The target adjustment amount determined by the control strategy is transformed into the actual operation of the dampers, enabling the commissioning process to move from analysis and decision-making to execution closed loop. The preset stabilization time is set to ensure that the flow field and pressure field in the duct reach relative stability after the damper is activated, avoiding misjudgment caused by data acquisition during the transient response phase. This ensures that the re-acquired real-time airflow data can truly reflect the steady-state effect after the damper adjustment, and provides a reliable data basis for the subsequent re-evaluation of airflow deviation and re-judgment of guidance status.

[0025] The system determines whether the deviation between the newly acquired real-time airflow data and the corresponding design airflow meets the preset airflow balance criteria. If it does, the airflow balance debugging ends; otherwise, it continues with airflow deviation calculation, factor-guided position determination, and damper adjustment until the airflow balance criteria are met. The preset airflow balance criteria provide a unified and executable determination of the debugging results, clarifying the objective standard for debugging termination and avoiding reliance on experience or endless iterations. Ending the airflow balance debugging when the preset airflow balance criteria are met ensures that each duct terminal or branch reaches the expected airflow target and maintains necessary stability. When the preset airflow balance criteria are not met, the airflow deviation calculation, factor-guided position determination, and damper adjustment processes continue, forming an iterative closed loop based on data feedback. This allows the damper adjustment to gradually converge to a state that meets the preset airflow balance criteria, thus achieving controllability, repeatability, and verifiability of the airflow balance debugging process.

[0026] In one embodiment, during or at the start of air balancing commissioning, real-time airflow data is acquired at the corresponding locations of each duct end or duct branch. Based on pre-defined duct identification information, the acquired real-time airflow data is associated with the corresponding design airflow parameters to complete data matching. This can be achieved using the following steps: First, at the start of air balancing commissioning, a correspondence table between duct identification information and design airflow parameters is established. The duct identification information includes a unique identifier for the duct end or duct branch, an installation location code, and a functional area code. The design airflow parameters include the corresponding preset design airflow and allowable deviation range. For example, the preset design airflow for duct end identified as meeting area 1 on the first floor is 400 cubic meters per hour, with an allowable deviation range of ±5%. The preset design airflow for duct branch identified as branch 3 in the office area on the second floor is 800 cubic meters per hour, with an allowable deviation range of ±5%. Simultaneously, the sampling period and number of samplings for acquiring real-time airflow data are set. For example, the sampling period is five seconds, and twelve consecutive samples are taken to form a single commissioning data packet to ensure that the subsequently associated real-time airflow data is representative and easy to verify.

[0027] When acquiring real-time airflow data at the corresponding locations at the ends or branches of each duct, the sampling is performed synchronously according to the same sampling rule. The acquired data records include duct identification information, sampling time, and real-time airflow data. Real-time airflow data can be directly output from the airflow sensor or calculated from wind speed and cross-sectional area. For example, in the first-floor conference area, twelve consecutive samples were taken, yielding real-time airflow data of 380, 385, 379, 382, ​​388, 384, 381, 386, 383, 380, 387, and 384 cubic meters per hour. On the second floor... The real-time air volume data obtained from twelve consecutive samplings of branch road three in the office area were 760, 768, 765, 770, 762, 766, 771, 764, 769, 767, 772, and 763 cubic meters per hour. To improve creativity and anti-interference capabilities, a consistency screening mechanism can be added to the real-time air volume data acquisition stage. Data that deviates from the median value of the group by more than a preset threshold is marked as abnormal and removed. Then, a representative value is taken from the remaining real-time air volume data, such as the median value or the truncated average value, to ensure that the data entering the correlation process is more stable.

[0028] Based on the pre-set duct identification information, when associating the acquired real-time air volume data with the corresponding design air volume parameters, a two-stage association process of "identification first, parameter second" is adopted. First, the target entry is located in the corresponding table according to the duct identification information. Then, the preset design air volume in that entry is written into the same commissioning record to form paired data, thereby completing the binding of real-time air volume data with preset design air volume. For example, the representative real-time air volume data of meeting area 1 on the first floor is associated with 400 cubic meters per hour, and the representative real-time air volume data of branch road 3 in the office area on the second floor is associated with 800 cubic meters per hour. At the same time, in order to avoid mismatches caused by identification conflicts or location adjustments, consistency verification rules can be added during the association process. For example, it can be verified whether the functional area code in the duct identification information is consistent with the functional area code in the design air volume parameters, and whether the installation location code falls within the preset range. If they are inconsistent, a record to be confirmed is generated and it is not entered into subsequent calculations, thereby improving the reliability and traceability of data matching.

[0029] After data matching is completed, the matching results are formed into a structured debugging dataset and written into the debugging process record. The debugging dataset should at least include duct identification information, representative real-time air volume data, preset design air volume, allowable deviation range, and sampling information. This dataset is used to support subsequent calculations of air volume deviation values ​​and air volume deviation intensity factors based on real-time air volume data and corresponding design air volume. For example, the record for meeting area 1 on the first floor includes duct identification information (meeting area 1 on the first floor), representative real-time air volume data (383 cubic meters per hour), preset design air volume (400 cubic meters per hour), allowable deviation range (±5%), and sampling period. Five seconds, twelve sampling times, the second-floor office area branch road three records the duct identification information, the real-time air volume data representative value is 767 cubic meters per hour, the preset design air volume is 800 cubic meters per hour, the allowable deviation range is ±5%, the sampling period is five seconds, and the sampling times are twelve. If real-time air volume data is obtained again during the debugging process, the same duct identification information is used to complete the data matching with the corresponding table, so that the data caliber is consistent at the beginning of the debugging and during the debugging process. This allows the next step to directly calculate the air volume deviation value based on the matched data without having to repeatedly establish the relationship.

[0030] In one embodiment, based on the correlation between real-time air volume data and design air volume, the difference between the real-time air volume and the corresponding design air volume of each duct terminal or duct branch is calculated, and the difference is normalized with the corresponding design air volume to obtain a standardized deviation value reflecting the relative deviation of air volume; based on the standardized deviation value and combined with a preset proportional mapping rule, the air volume deviation value is mapped to a dimensionless air volume deviation intensity factor; after obtaining the standardized air volume deviation value, the standardized air volume deviation value is converted into an air volume deviation intensity factor using a preset proportional mapping rule.

[0031] The proportional mapping rule can be one of the following: According to a linear proportional relationship, multiply the standardized airflow deviation value by a preset proportional coefficient to obtain the airflow deviation intensity factor; according to a piecewise proportional relationship, divide the standardized airflow deviation value into multiple numerical intervals and set corresponding proportional coefficients for different numerical intervals to generate corresponding airflow deviation intensity factors; according to a non-linear proportional relationship, transform the standardized airflow deviation value based on a monotonically changing mapping function to obtain the airflow deviation intensity factor, which can be achieved using the following steps: Assuming that real-time airflow data and design airflow have been correlated, a set of representative real-time airflow data and corresponding design airflow is read for each duct terminal or duct branch. The difference between the real-time airflow and the corresponding design airflow is calculated, and this difference is normalized to obtain a standardized deviation value. For example, if the representative real-time airflow data for duct terminal A is 383 cubic meters per hour and the corresponding design airflow is 400 cubic meters per hour, the difference is -17 cubic meters per hour, and the standardized deviation value after normalization is -0.0425. The real-time airflow data for duct branch B... The representative value is 767 cubic meters per hour, and the corresponding design air volume is 800 cubic meters per hour. The difference is -33 cubic meters per hour, and the standardized deviation value after normalization is -0.04125. At the same time, in order to improve creativity and robustness, the standardized deviation values ​​obtained in adjacent commissioning rounds for the same duct end or the same duct branch can be verified for consistency. When the change in the standardized deviation values ​​between two adjacent rounds exceeds the preset change threshold, the standardized deviation value of that round is marked as pending verification and triggers the acquisition of the representative value of real-time air volume data again, thereby avoiding the distortion of subsequent mapping caused by transient disturbances.

[0032] After obtaining the standardized deviation value, based on the standardized deviation value and combined with the preset proportional mapping rule, the air volume deviation value is mapped to a dimensionless air volume deviation intensity factor. The preset proportional mapping rule is used to convert the standardized deviation values ​​of different duct ends or different duct branches into decision inputs of the same dimension, which facilitates the subsequent judgment of the relative relationship with other factors. For example, the absolute value of the standardized deviation value is used as the mapping input, so that the deviation direction is used for subsequent adjustment direction judgment, and the deviation intensity is used to characterize the degree of deviation. In this process, the air volume deviation intensity factor maintains the dimensionless characteristic and maintains a monotonic correspondence, ensuring that the larger the standardized deviation value, the larger the air volume deviation intensity factor, so that the subsequent guidance position judgment can stably reflect the severity of air volume deviation.

[0033] After obtaining the standardized airflow deviation values, when converting them into airflow deviation intensity factors using a preset proportional mapping rule, the proportional mapping rule can be one of the following methods and can be selected according to the debugging object: When using a linear proportional relationship, the standardized airflow deviation values ​​are multiplied by a preset proportional coefficient to obtain the airflow deviation intensity factor. For example, if the preset proportional coefficient is 10, then the airflow deviation intensity factor corresponding to the standardized deviation value of -0.0425 at the end of duct A is -0.425, and the airflow deviation intensity factor corresponding to the standardized deviation value of -0.04125 at the branch of duct B is -0.4125. When using a segmented proportional relationship, the standardized airflow deviation values ​​are divided into multiple numerical intervals, and a corresponding proportional coefficient is set for each numerical interval to generate the corresponding... The airflow deviation intensity factor can be calculated by setting the proportional coefficient for the interval with an absolute value less than 0.02 to 5, the proportional coefficient for the interval with an absolute value between 0.02 and 0.05 to 10, and the proportional coefficient for the interval with an absolute value not less than 0.05 to 15. Thus, both duct terminal A and duct branch B fall within the interval with an absolute value between 0.02 and 0.05, resulting in airflow deviation intensity factors of -0.425 and -0.4125, respectively. When a non-linear proportional relationship is used, the standardized airflow deviation value is transformed based on a monotonically changing mapping function to obtain the airflow deviation intensity factor. For example, a monotonically saturated mapping is used to maintain a high resolution when the standardized deviation value is close to zero and gradually saturates when the deviation is large, thereby avoiding excessive adjustment driven by extreme deviations in individual duct terminals or duct branches.

[0034] The obtained air volume deviation intensity factor is written into the commissioning data record corresponding to the duct end or duct branch, and a record item is established with the real-time air volume data representative value, the corresponding design air volume, and the standardized deviation value to form a continuous and traceable data chain, so that subsequent steps can directly use the air volume deviation intensity factor to participate in the relative relationship judgment and guidance position determination.

[0035] In one embodiment, the generation logic of the system disturbance sensitivity factor is as follows: Real-time airflow data and system static pressure data of the duct end or duct branch are synchronously acquired at fixed sampling intervals within a preset time period. The change amplitude of real-time airflow data and the change amplitude of system static pressure data at adjacent sampling times are calculated respectively, forming corresponding airflow change sequences and static pressure change sequences. The airflow change sequences and static pressure change sequences are accumulated and divided by the corresponding number of sampling times to obtain airflow disturbance description values ​​and static pressure disturbance description values. The airflow disturbance description values ​​are normalized with the design airflow, and the static pressure disturbance description values ​​are normalized with a preset static pressure reference value. Based on the normalized airflow disturbance description values ​​and the normalized static pressure disturbance description values, a system disturbance sensitivity factor is generated according to a preset combination rule, and can be implemented according to the following steps: Real-time airflow data and system static pressure data of the duct terminal or duct branch are synchronously acquired at fixed sampling intervals within a preset time period. The preset time period can be set to 60 seconds, and the fixed sampling interval can be set to 5 seconds, thus obtaining 12 sets of synchronously sampled data; for example, the real-time airflow data of a certain duct branch are 760, 765, 758, 770, 762, 768, 763, 771, 766, 769, 764, and 772 cubic meters per hour, and the synchronously acquired system static pressure data are 220, 225, 218, 230, and 2... 124, 229, 223, 232, 226, 231, 228, 233 Pa; Based on this synchronous data, the variation amplitude of real-time air volume data and the variation amplitude of system static pressure data at adjacent sampling times are calculated respectively. For example, the variation amplitude of two adjacent real-time air volume data are 5, 7, 12, 8, 6, 5, 8, 5, 3, 5, 8 cubic meters per hour, and the variation amplitude of two adjacent system static pressure data are 5, 7, 12, 6, 5, 6, 9, 6, 5, 3, 5 Pa, respectively, forming corresponding air volume change sequences and static pressure change sequences, providing continuous input for subsequent cumulative processing.

[0036] The airflow and static pressure change sequences are accumulated and divided by the corresponding number of samplings to obtain descriptive values ​​for airflow and static pressure disturbances, respectively. The airflow disturbance descriptive values ​​are then normalized to the design airflow, and the static pressure disturbance descriptive values ​​are normalized to a preset static pressure reference value to obtain comparable disturbance measures. For example, if the accumulated sum of the airflow change sequences is 72 cubic meters per hour and the number of samplings is 12, the descriptive value for airflow disturbance can be taken as 6 cubic meters per hour. This descriptive value is then normalized to the design airflow of 800 cubic meters per hour to obtain the normalized airflow. The disturbance description value is 0.0075; the cumulative summation of the static pressure change sequence is 69 Pa, and the sampling number is 12, so the static pressure disturbance description value can be 5.75 Pa. Then, the static pressure disturbance description value is normalized with the preset static pressure reference value of 250 Pa to obtain the normalized static pressure disturbance description value of 0.023. To enhance creativity and noise resistance, the boundary of the air volume change sequence and the static pressure change sequence can be clipped before the cumulative processing. Anomalies where the single change amplitude exceeds the preset upper limit are replaced with the upper limit value, so that the disturbance description value can better represent continuous fluctuations rather than occasional spikes, thereby improving the stability of the combination rule judgment.

[0037] Based on the normalized airflow disturbance description values ​​and the normalized static pressure disturbance description values, when generating the system disturbance sensitivity factor according to the preset combination rules, the airflow disturbance description values ​​are first compared with the preset airflow disturbance stability judgment threshold, and the static pressure disturbance description values ​​are also compared with the preset static pressure disturbance stability judgment threshold. The airflow disturbance stability judgment threshold can be set to 0.01, and the static pressure disturbance stability judgment threshold can be set to 0.02. When the airflow disturbance description value exceeds the airflow disturbance stability judgment threshold and the static pressure disturbance description value... When the static pressure disturbance stability threshold is not exceeded, the airflow disturbance state is determined to be the dominant state, and the airflow disturbance description value is used as the base value. Simultaneously, when the base value exceeds a preset upper limit threshold for airflow disturbance, the upper limit threshold for airflow disturbance is taken as the system disturbance sensitivity factor; for example, the upper limit threshold for airflow disturbance can be set to 0.05. When the static pressure disturbance description value exceeds the static pressure disturbance stability threshold but the airflow disturbance description value does not exceed the airflow disturbance stability threshold, the static pressure disturbance state is determined to be the dominant state, and the static pressure disturbance description value is used as the base value. The system uses a base value and a static pressure disturbance upper limit threshold as the system disturbance sensitivity factor when the base value exceeds the preset static pressure disturbance upper limit threshold. For example, the static pressure disturbance upper limit threshold can be set to 0.06. When the airflow disturbance description value exceeds the airflow disturbance stability judgment threshold and the static pressure disturbance description value exceeds the static pressure disturbance stability judgment threshold, the airflow disturbance state and the static pressure disturbance state are determined to be a coordinated disturbance state. The airflow disturbance description value and the static pressure disturbance description value are obtained respectively, and the larger of the two values ​​is taken as the base value. When the base value exceeds the preset coordinated disturbance upper limit threshold, the coordinated disturbance upper limit threshold is taken as the system disturbance sensitivity factor. For example, the coordinated disturbance upper limit threshold can be set to 0.06. When the airflow disturbance description value does not exceed the airflow disturbance stability judgment threshold and the static pressure disturbance description value does not exceed the static pressure disturbance stability judgment threshold, the airflow disturbance state and the static pressure disturbance state are determined to be a stable system state. This achieves a closed-loop mapping from data to state to value, so that the system disturbance sensitivity factor generated under different disturbance states can truly reflect the sensitivity of the control process to disturbances.

[0038] When the system is determined to be in a stable state, the system disturbance sensitivity factor is determined as the product of the system disturbance sensitivity factor value determined in the previous control cycle and a preset proportional constant less than one. This ensures that the disturbance sensitivity decreases with each control cycle, avoiding abrupt changes. For example, if the system disturbance sensitivity factor value determined in the previous control cycle is 0.04 and the preset proportional constant less than one is 0.5, then the system disturbance sensitivity factor value in this control cycle is 0.02. If the system is determined to be in a stable state for multiple consecutive control cycles, then 0.01 and 0.005 are obtained recursively according to the same product rule. This allows subsequent guidance status determination and control strategy selection to gradually transition from a conservative mode to a conventional mode. At the same time, it maintains the same data caliber as the aforementioned air volume change sequence, static pressure change sequence, disturbance description value, stability determination threshold, and upper limit threshold, ensuring that the next step can directly determine the relative relationship between the generated system disturbance sensitivity factor and other factors without changing the data structure and calculation process.

[0039] In one embodiment, the airflow disturbance stability judgment threshold and the static pressure disturbance stability judgment threshold are used to distinguish whether the operating state has entered a controllable range. They are set based on the natural fluctuation levels of airflow and static pressure within a preset time period under conditions of no active adjustment or only minor adjustments. By statistically analyzing historical operating data or initial sampling data during commissioning, values ​​that cover the upper limit of normal fluctuations but are significantly lower than abnormal fluctuation amplitudes are selected as stability judgment thresholds, thus making changes below these thresholds acceptable fluctuations. The airflow disturbance upper limit threshold and the static pressure disturbance upper limit threshold are used to limit the maximum value of disturbance-sensitive factors. They are set based on the maximum safe disturbance level allowed during actual adjustment. This is achieved by analyzing the possible changes in airflow and static pressure caused by a single adjustment of the damper, combined with the requirements of duct structural strength and user comfort. The upper limit is selected as a value that may cause significant fluctuations or discomfort if it exceeds the threshold, in order to avoid the control strategy from over-responding due to abnormal disturbances. The upper limit threshold for synergistic disturbance is used to describe the comprehensive limitation when air volume disturbance and static pressure disturbance coexist. It is set based on the degree of impact on overall stability under the superposition of the two types of disturbances. It is usually selected as a value that is not higher than the larger value of the upper limit threshold for a single disturbance or slightly higher than the upper limit threshold for a single disturbance, so that the sensitive factor under synergistic disturbance can reflect the existence of dual disturbances, but will not be amplified to an unreasonable range due to simple superposition. In the above way, various thresholds play different roles in stability judgment and amplitude limitation, and together they constitute a hierarchical judgment basis from normal fluctuations, controllable disturbances to strong disturbance protection, so that the control process has sufficient safety margin and stability while ensuring responsiveness.

[0040] In one embodiment, the logic for obtaining the branch coupling influence factor is as follows: within a preset time period, identify multiple adjacent duct branches that are connected to the target duct branch in the duct topology and located upstream of the target duct branch, and obtain real-time airflow data for each adjacent duct branch; calculate the airflow change amplitude of each adjacent duct branch between adjacent sampling times; under the premise of satisfying the connectivity and upstream relationship, based on the pipe length relationship between the corresponding port of each adjacent duct branch and the corresponding port of the target duct branch, or based on the distance between the center point of each adjacent duct branch and the center point of the target duct branch. To establish a relationship between adjacent duct branches, weighting coefficients are assigned to them, with closer adjacent duct branches receiving larger weighting coefficients and farther adjacent duct branches receiving smaller weighting coefficients. The airflow variation of each adjacent duct branch is multiplied by its corresponding weighting coefficient, and the products are summed to obtain a weighted coupling variation value. This value is then normalized by dividing it by the design airflow of the target duct branch, resulting in a branch coupling influence factor that characterizes the impact of airflow variations in adjacent duct branches on the airflow of the target duct branch. This can be achieved through the following steps: Within a preset time period, identify multiple adjacent duct branches that are connected to the target duct branch in the duct topology and located upstream of the target duct branch. The preset time period can be set to 60 seconds, and the fixed sampling interval can be set to 5 seconds, thus obtaining 12 sets of sampling times. For example, if the target duct branch is the target branch in the third-floor office area, the adjacent duct branches can be identified as upstream branch 1, upstream branch 2, and upstream branch 3 of the third-floor office area. Among them, upstream branch 1 of the third-floor office area shares the same trunk duct section with the target branch in the third-floor office area and is located before the trunk duct distribution node. Upstream branch 2 of the third-floor office area is connected to the target branch in the third-floor office area through the same branch node, and upstream branch 3 of the third-floor office area is connected to the target branch in the third-floor office area through two-level branch nodes. After the adjacent duct branches are identified, the real-time air volume data of each adjacent duct branch is obtained sequentially. For example, the real-time air volume data of upstream branch 1 of the third-floor office area at the 12 sets of sampling times. The hourly air volume data are 480, 490, 485, 495, 488, 492, 486, 497, 491, 493, 489, and 498 cubic meters per hour. The real-time air volume data of the upstream branch road 2 of the third-floor office area at the twelve sampling times are 320, 325, 318, 328, 322, 326, 321, 329, 324, 327, 323, and 330 cubic meters per hour. The real-time air volume data of the upstream branch road 3 of the third-floor office area at the twelve sampling times are 260, 263, 259, 265, 261, 264, 262, 266, 263, 265, 261, and 267 cubic meters per hour, thus providing continuous input for subsequent calculation of air volume change amplitude.

[0041] After acquiring the real-time airflow data of each adjacent duct branch, the airflow variation amplitude of each adjacent duct branch between adjacent sampling times is calculated. The airflow variation amplitude can be obtained by taking the absolute value of the difference between two adjacent real-time airflow data. For example, the airflow variation amplitude between adjacent sampling times of the upstream branch one in the third-floor office area is 10, 5, 10, 7, 4, 6, 11, 6, 2, 4, and 9 cubic meters per hour, respectively; and the airflow variation amplitude between adjacent sampling times of the upstream branch two in the third-floor office area is 5, 7, 10, 6, 4, 5, 8, 5, 3, 4, and 7 cubic meters per hour, respectively. The air volume variation amplitude between three adjacent sampling times in the upstream branch of the three-story office area is 3, 4, 6, 4, 3, 2, 4, 3, 2, 4, 3, 2, 4, and 6 cubic meters per hour, respectively. To improve creativity and robustness, a consistency screening can be performed after the air volume variation amplitude is calculated. Points where the single air volume variation amplitude exceeds the preset abnormal threshold are marked as abnormal and replaced with the preset abnormal threshold. This makes the subsequent weighting and summing more reflective of continuous coupling fluctuations rather than occasional spikes, thereby making the calculation results of the branch coupling influence factor more stable and more suitable for guiding position judgment.

[0042] Under the premise of satisfying connectivity and upstream relationships, weighting coefficients are assigned to different adjacent duct branches based on the pipe length relationship between the corresponding ports of each adjacent duct branch and the corresponding port of the target duct branch, or based on the distance relationship between the center points of each adjacent duct branch and the center point of the target duct branch. Closer adjacent duct branches receive larger weighting coefficients, and farther adjacent duct branches receive smaller weighting coefficients. For example, when setting weighting based on pipe length relationships, the pipe length from the corresponding port of upstream branch one in the third-floor office area to the corresponding port of the target branch in the third-floor office area is eight meters, and the pipe length from the corresponding port of upstream branch two in the third-floor office area to the corresponding port of the target branch in the third-floor office area is... The pipe length at the port is 12 meters, and the pipe length from the corresponding port of the upstream branch three of the third floor office area to the corresponding port of the target branch of the third floor office area is 20 meters. Therefore, the weighting coefficients can be set to 0.5, 0.33, and 0.2 respectively. When setting the weighting coefficients based on the distance between the pipe center points, the distance from the center point of the pipe of the upstream branch one of the third floor office area to the center point of the pipe of the target branch of the third floor office area is 6 meters, the distance from the center point of the pipe of the upstream branch two of the third floor office area to the center point of the pipe of the target branch of the third floor office area is 9 meters, and the distance from the center point of the pipe of the upstream branch three of the third floor office area to the center point of the pipe of the target branch of the third floor office area is 15 meters. Therefore, the weighting coefficients can be set to 0.5, 0.33, and 0.2 respectively.

[0043] After setting the weighting coefficients, the air volume change amplitude of each adjacent duct branch is multiplied by the corresponding weighting coefficient, and the product results are summed to obtain the weighted coupling change value. For example, if the representative value of the air volume change amplitude of each adjacent duct branch is selected as the average value of its respective change amplitude sequence, then the average value of the upstream branch 1 of the third-floor office area is approximately 6.36 cubic meters per hour, the average value of the upstream branch 2 of the third-floor office area is approximately 5.45 cubic meters per hour, and the average value of the upstream branch 3 of the third-floor office area is approximately 3.73 cubic meters per hour. After multiplying by the weighting coefficients, they are 3.18, 1.8, and 0.75 respectively. Summing them up gives a weighted coupling change value of approximately 5.73 cubic meters per hour, thus obtaining a coupling change metric that can be used for normalization processing.

[0044] The weighted coupling change value is normalized by dividing it by the design air volume of the target duct branch, resulting in a branch coupling influence factor that characterizes the degree of influence of air volume changes in adjacent duct branches on the air volume of the target duct branch. For example, if the design air volume of the target branch in the three-story office area is 900 cubic meters per hour, the branch coupling influence factor is 5.73 divided by 900, which gives 0.00637. The branch coupling influence factor is further written into the commissioning data record corresponding to the target branch in the three-story office area, and a record item is established with the adjacent duct branch identifier, real-time air volume data, air volume change amplitude, weighting coefficient, and weighted coupling change value. This allows the subsequent determination of the guiding position to directly read the branch coupling influence factor and compare its relative relationship with the air volume deviation intensity factor and the system disturbance sensitivity factor, thereby continuously connecting to the selection of control strategy and the determination of the target adjustment amount of the damper without changing the calculation caliber.

[0045] In one embodiment, after obtaining the airflow deviation intensity factor, system disturbance sensitivity factor, and branch coupling influence factor, the three are compared pairwise. Based on the comparison results, the factor with the largest value is determined as the primary guiding factor, the factor with the second largest value is determined as the secondary guiding factor, and the factor with the lowest value is determined as the constraint factor. According to the combination relationship of the primary guiding factor, secondary guiding factor, and constraint factor, a control strategy corresponding to the current combination relationship is selected. The control strategy comprehensively considers the adjustment requirements of the primary guiding factor, the correction effect of the secondary guiding factor, and the limiting effect of the constraint factor to determine the target adjustment amount of the corresponding damper in the duct branch. This can be implemented using the following steps: After obtaining the airflow deviation intensity factor, system disturbance sensitivity factor, and branch coupling influence factor, to ensure consistency in the comparison criteria among the three, the sign of the airflow deviation intensity factor is used to characterize the adjustment direction, and the absolute value of the airflow deviation intensity factor is used to characterize the degree of deviation. Furthermore, the absolute value of the airflow deviation intensity factor used for pairwise comparisons is taken, thus preventing a negative airflow deviation intensity factor from being misjudged as smaller and masking the degree of deviation. For example, if the airflow deviation intensity factor of a certain duct branch is -0.425, the system disturbance sensitivity factor is 0.023, and the branch coupling influence factor is 0.00637, then the absolute value of the airflow deviation intensity factor used for pairwise comparisons is 0.425, and the negative sign is retained for subsequent determination of the target adjustment direction, ensuring that the subsequent determination of the dominant directional factor reflects the degree of deviation without losing adjustment direction information.

[0046] When comparing the three factors pairwise, the comparison results are calculated and sorted based on the airflow deviation intensity factor, system disturbance sensitivity factor, and branch coupling influence factor used for pairwise comparison. The factor with the largest value is determined as the primary guiding factor, the factor with the second largest value as the secondary guiding factor, and the factor with the lowest value as the constraint factor. For example, in the above example, 0.425 is greater than 0.023 and greater than 0.00637, so the primary guiding factor is determined to be the airflow deviation intensity factor; 0.023 is greater than 0.00637, so the secondary guiding factor is determined to be the system disturbance sensitivity factor, and the constraint factor is determined to be the branch coupling influence factor. To enhance creativity and reduce control jitter caused by frequent switching, a guiding factor maintenance rule can be introduced. When the current sorting and the previous control cycle sorting only involve an exchange between the primary guiding factor and the secondary guiding factor, and the difference between the two is less than a preset switching threshold, the primary guiding factor determination of the previous control cycle remains unchanged, thereby reducing strategy switching back and forth in boundary states and improving control convergence.

[0047] Based on the combined relationships of dominant, secondary, and constraint factors, when selecting a control strategy corresponding to the current combination, the strategy focus is first determined based on the source of the dominant factor, then the correction principle is determined based on the source of the secondary factor, and finally the restriction rules are determined based on the source of the constraint factor, thus forming a hierarchical decision-making process for duct branches. For example, when the dominant factor is the airflow deviation intensity factor, the control strategy focuses on correcting the degree of deviation and prioritizes establishing a benchmark value for the target adjustment amount of the damper. When the secondary factor is a system disturbance sensitive factor, the control strategy corrects the rate of change or step size of change of the target adjustment amount of the damper, making the adjustment more even. When the constraint factor is the branch coupling influence factor, the control strategy applies coupling restrictions to the target adjustment amount of the damper to prevent the adjustment of the current duct branch from amplifying the interference between adjacent duct branches. In another example, if the system disturbance sensitivity factor is 0.055 and the absolute value of the air volume deviation intensity factor is 0.03, and the branch coupling influence factor is 0.02, then the dominant directional factor is determined to be the system disturbance sensitivity factor, the secondary directional factor is determined to be the air volume deviation intensity factor, and the constraint factor is determined to be the branch coupling influence factor. At this time, the control strategy focuses on suppressing disturbances, prioritizing the limitation of the amplitude of the target adjustment amount of the damper, and then performing deviation correction within the allowable range.

[0048] The control strategy comprehensively considers the adjustment needs of the dominant directional factor, the correction effect of the secondary directional factor, and the limiting effect of the constraint factor to determine the target adjustment amount of the corresponding air valve in the duct branch. The sign of the air volume deviation intensity factor is used to determine the direction of the target adjustment amount, so that the target adjustment amount reflects both the degree of deviation and the direction of adjustment. For example, when the dominant directional factor is the air volume deviation intensity factor and the sign is negative, the target adjustment amount corresponds to the adjustment in the direction of decreasing the opening. When the sign is positive, the target adjustment amount corresponds to the adjustment in the direction of increasing the opening. At the same time, when the secondary directional factor is a system disturbance sensitive factor and the value is high, the single change range of the target adjustment amount is limited to within a preset upper limit. When the constraint factor is a branch coupling influence factor and the value is high, the target adjustment amount is further converged to a smaller range. For example, the baseline target adjustment amount is 8%, the secondary directional factor is corrected and limited to 5%, and the constraint factor limits the final target adjustment amount to 3%. This ensures that the next step can directly adjust the air valve of the corresponding duct branch automatically according to the target adjustment amount. After the adjustment is completed, real-time air volume data is reacquired after a preset stabilization time to verify the adjustment effect and enter the next round of directional judgment.

[0049] During the execution of the control strategy, the target adjustment amount of the damper is not directly equivalent to the value of any single factor, but is gradually determined under the combined effect of the dominant directional factor, the secondary directional factor, and the constraint factor. Specifically, firstly, the baseline adjustment range of the damper is determined based on the magnitude of the dominant directional factor. When the dominant directional factor is the airflow deviation intensity factor, the proportion corresponding to the absolute value of the airflow deviation intensity factor is used as the initial adjustment range of the damper, and the sign of the airflow deviation intensity factor is used to determine the adjustment direction, so that the target adjustment amount reflects the degree of deviation in amplitude and the correction direction in direction. For example, when the value of the airflow deviation intensity factor is -0.425, the corresponding baseline target adjustment amount can be determined as an 8% reduction in the direction of adjustment. Subsequently, the baseline target adjustment amount is corrected according to the value of the secondary directional factor. When the secondary directional factor is a system disturbance sensitive factor and its value is large, the baseline target adjustment amount is corrected by reducing the single adjustment ratio or reducing the adjustment step size. For example, the original 8% baseline adjustment range is compressed to 5% to avoid significant fluctuations during the adjustment process. Furthermore, restrictions are imposed on the corrected target adjustment amount based on the value of the constraint factor. When the constraint factor is a branch coupling influence factor and its value is close to or exceeds the preset limit level, the target adjustment amount is further converged. For example, the corrected adjustment range of 5% is further restricted to 3%, thereby ensuring that the adjustment of the current duct branch will not have an excessive impact on the adjacent duct branches.

[0050] In one embodiment, the dampers at the corresponding duct end or duct branch are automatically adjusted according to the target adjustment amount, and real-time air volume data is reacquired after a preset stabilization time after adjustment. It is then determined whether the deviation between the reacquired real-time air volume data and the corresponding design air volume meets the preset air balance judgment condition. If it does, the air balance debugging ends; otherwise, the air volume deviation calculation, factor-guided position determination, and damper adjustment process continue until the air balance judgment condition is met. This can be implemented using the following sub-steps: When automatically adjusting the dampers at the corresponding duct ends or branches according to the target adjustment amount, the target adjustment amount is converted into an incremental command for the damper opening and output to the damper actuator. When the target adjustment amount is positive, the opening is increased; when the target adjustment amount is negative, the opening is decreased. For example, when the target adjustment amount is 3% positive, the damper opening is adjusted from 40% to 43%; when the target adjustment amount is 5% negative, the damper opening is adjusted from 55% to 50%. To ensure the traceability of automatic adjustment, each automatic adjustment can be recorded as an adjustment record item containing the duct end or branch identifier, the damper opening before adjustment, the target adjustment amount, the damper opening after adjustment, and the adjustment time. This allows subsequent iterations to analyze the convergence trend based on the adjustment record item and avoid repeated switching of adjustment directions.

[0051] After adjustment, when real-time air volume data is reacquired after a preset stabilization time, the preset stabilization time is used to wait for the airflow distribution and pressure state caused by the change in the valve opening to reach a relatively stable state. The preset stabilization time can be set to 30 seconds or 60 seconds. After the preset stabilization time ends, real-time air volume data is continuously acquired multiple times at a fixed sampling interval to form a representative value of real-time air volume data. For example, with a fixed sampling interval of 5 seconds, 12 consecutive samplings yield real-time air volume data of 390, 392, 389, 393, 391, 394, 390, 393, 392, 391, 394, and 392 cubic meters per hour. The median value of 392 cubic meters per hour is taken as the representative value of the reacquired real-time air volume data. By combining the preset stabilization time with multiple sampling, the influence of transient fluctuations and occasional noise on the judgment results can be reduced, making the subsequent deviation judgment more consistent with the actual effect after valve adjustment.

[0052] When determining whether the deviation between the reacquired real-time airflow data and the corresponding design airflow meets the preset air balance judgment condition, the preset air balance judgment condition can be specifically defined as the relative deviation between the representative value of the real-time airflow data at the end of the duct or the branch of the duct and the corresponding design airflow not exceeding a preset deviation threshold and meeting the stability requirement. The preset deviation threshold can be set to 5% or 3%, and the stability requirement can be defined as the change between two consecutive reacquired real-time airflow data representative values ​​not exceeding a preset stability threshold, such as not exceeding 1% of the design airflow. For example, if the corresponding design airflow is 400 cubic meters per hour and the reacquired real-time airflow data representative value is 392 cubic meters per hour, then the relative deviation is 2%, which meets the requirement of a preset deviation threshold of 5%. If the two consecutive representative values ​​are 392 and 393 cubic meters per hour, the change is 1 cubic meter per hour, which also meets the stability requirement, thus determining that the preset air balance judgment condition is met. By simultaneously limiting the deviation threshold and the stability requirement of the preset air balance judgment condition, it is possible to avoid ending the commissioning only when the design airflow is reached momentarily, thereby improving the reliability and repeatability of the judgment.

[0053] If the conditions are met, the air balance debugging ends. At the end, the current valve opening, the representative value of real-time air volume data, the corresponding design air volume and deviation results are written into the end record to form closed-loop evidence of debugging. If the conditions are not met, the air volume deviation calculation, factor-guided position determination and valve adjustment process continue until the air balance judgment condition is met. In each iteration, the same data acquisition method, the same preset stabilization time and the same preset air balance judgment condition are used to ensure that the iteration process is consistent and the convergence path is traceable. For example, if the relative deviation is still 8% after the first adjustment, the next round of calculation is entered and the valve opening is adjusted again according to the new target adjustment amount. If the relative deviation drops to 4% after the second adjustment but the stability requirement is not met, the next round is continued until the relative deviation and stability requirements are met at the same time, thereby achieving controllable iteration and verifiable end of the air balance debugging process.

[0054] The above algorithms or formulas are all dimensionless and numerical calculations, and the results are obtained by software simulation based on a large amount of collected data to obtain the most recent real-world results. The preset parameters are set by those skilled in the art according to the actual situation.

[0055] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of this application, the order of the above-mentioned processes does not imply the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0056] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0057] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific working processes of the devices and units described above can be referred to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be repeated here.

[0058] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for adjusting the air balance of a variable air volume (VAV) air conditioning duct, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Acquire real-time air volume data at multiple duct terminals or duct branches in a variable air volume air conditioning system, and match the real-time air volume data with the corresponding preset design air volume; Based on real-time air volume data and corresponding design air volume, calculate the air volume deviation value of each duct end or duct branch, and calculate the air volume deviation intensity factor based on the air volume deviation value; calculate the system disturbance sensitivity factor based on the air volume change and system static pressure change within a preset time period, and calculate the branch coupling influence factor based on the degree of influence of adjacent duct branch air volume change on the target duct branch air volume. The guiding role of each factor is determined based on the relative relationship between the air volume deviation intensity factor, the system disturbance sensitivity factor, and the branch coupling influence factor. The corresponding control strategy is selected based on the combination of guiding roles to determine the target adjustment amount of the air valve. The system automatically adjusts the air valves at the corresponding duct ends or duct branches according to the target adjustment amount, and re-acquires real-time air volume data after a preset stabilization time after the adjustment is completed. Determine whether the deviation between the newly acquired real-time air volume data and the corresponding design air volume meets the preset air balance judgment conditions. If it does, end the air balance debugging. If it does not, continue to execute the air volume deviation calculation, factor-guided position determination and air valve adjustment process until the air balance judgment conditions are met.

2. The method for adjusting the air balance of a variable air volume (VAV) air conditioning duct according to claim 1, characterized in that, At the start or during the wind balance commissioning process, real-time air volume data is acquired at the corresponding locations at the ends of each duct or duct branch. Based on the pre-set duct identification information, the acquired real-time air volume data is associated with the corresponding design air volume parameters to complete the data matching.

3. The method for adjusting the air balance of a variable air volume (VAV) air conditioning duct according to claim 2, characterized in that, Based on the correlation between real-time air volume data and design air volume, the difference between the real-time air volume and the corresponding design air volume of each duct end or duct branch is calculated, and the difference is normalized with the corresponding design air volume to obtain a standardized deviation value that reflects the relative deviation of air volume. Based on the standardized deviation value and combined with the preset proportional mapping rule, the air volume deviation value is mapped to a dimensionless air volume deviation intensity factor.

4. The method for adjusting the air balance of a variable air volume (VAV) air conditioning duct according to claim 1, characterized in that, After obtaining the standardized airflow deviation value, the standardized airflow deviation value is converted into an airflow deviation intensity factor using a preset proportional mapping rule, wherein the proportional mapping rule is one of the following methods: Based on a linear proportional relationship, the standardized air volume deviation value is multiplied by a preset proportional coefficient to obtain the air volume deviation intensity factor. According to the segmented proportional relationship, the standardized air volume deviation value is divided into multiple numerical intervals, and a corresponding proportional coefficient is set for each numerical interval to generate the corresponding air volume deviation intensity factor. Based on a nonlinear proportional relationship, the standardized airflow deviation value is transformed using a monotonically changing mapping function to obtain the airflow deviation intensity factor.

5. The method for adjusting the air balance of a variable air volume (VAV) air conditioning duct according to claim 4, characterized in that, The generation logic of the system disturbance sensitivity factor is as follows: Within a preset time period, real-time air volume data and system static pressure data of the duct end or duct branch are synchronously acquired at fixed sampling intervals. The change range of real-time air volume data and the change range of system static pressure data at adjacent sampling times are calculated respectively, and corresponding air volume change sequence and static pressure change sequence are formed. The air volume change sequence and the static pressure change sequence are accumulated and divided by the corresponding number of samplings to obtain the air volume disturbance description value and the static pressure disturbance description value. The air volume disturbance description value is then normalized with the design air volume, and the static pressure disturbance description value is then normalized with the preset static pressure reference value. Based on the normalized air volume disturbance description values ​​and the normalized static pressure disturbance description values, system disturbance sensitivity factors are generated according to preset combination rules.

6. The method for adjusting the air balance of a variable air volume (VAV) air conditioning duct according to claim 5, characterized in that, Combination rules refer to: After obtaining the normalized airflow disturbance description value and the normalized static pressure disturbance description value, the airflow disturbance description value is compared with the preset airflow disturbance stability judgment threshold, and the static pressure disturbance description value is compared with the preset static pressure disturbance stability judgment threshold. When the air volume disturbance description value exceeds the air volume disturbance stability judgment threshold and the static pressure disturbance description value does not exceed the static pressure disturbance stability judgment threshold, the air volume disturbance state is determined to be the dominant state. When the static pressure disturbance description value exceeds the static pressure disturbance stability judgment threshold and the air volume disturbance description value does not exceed the air volume disturbance stability judgment threshold, the static pressure disturbance state is determined to be the dominant state. When the air volume disturbance description value exceeds the air volume disturbance stability judgment threshold and the static pressure disturbance description value exceeds the static pressure disturbance stability judgment threshold, the air volume disturbance state and the static pressure disturbance state are determined to be a cooperative disturbance state. When the airflow disturbance description value does not exceed the airflow disturbance stability judgment threshold and the static pressure disturbance description value does not exceed the static pressure disturbance stability judgment threshold, the airflow disturbance state and the static pressure disturbance state are determined to be the system stable state.

7. The method for adjusting the air balance of a variable air volume (VAV) air conditioning duct according to claim 6, characterized in that, When the air volume disturbance state is determined to be the dominant state, the air volume disturbance description value is used as the basic value, and when the basic value exceeds the preset upper limit threshold of air volume disturbance, the upper limit threshold of air volume disturbance is taken as the system disturbance sensitivity factor. When the static pressure disturbance state is determined to be the dominant state, the static pressure disturbance description value is used as the basic value, and when the basic value exceeds the preset static pressure disturbance upper limit threshold, the static pressure disturbance upper limit threshold is taken as the system disturbance sensitivity factor. When the air volume disturbance state and the static pressure disturbance state are determined to be a coordinated disturbance state, the air volume disturbance description value and the static pressure disturbance description value are obtained respectively. The larger of the two values ​​is taken as the base value. When the base value exceeds the preset coordinated disturbance upper limit threshold, the coordinated disturbance upper limit threshold is taken as the system disturbance sensitivity factor. When the system is determined to be in a stable state, the system disturbance sensitivity factor is determined as the product of the system disturbance sensitivity factor value determined in the previous control cycle and a preset proportional constant less than one.

8. The method for adjusting the air balance of a variable air volume (VAV) air conditioning duct according to claim 7, characterized in that, The logic for obtaining the branch coupling influence factor is as follows: Within a preset time period, identify multiple adjacent duct branches that are connected to the target duct branch in the duct topology and located upstream of the target duct branch, and obtain real-time air volume data for each adjacent duct branch. Calculate the air volume variation of each adjacent duct branch between adjacent sampling times; Under the premise of satisfying connectivity and upstream relationship, according to the pipeline length relationship between the corresponding port of each adjacent duct branch and the corresponding port of the target duct branch or according to the distance relationship between the center point of each adjacent duct branch and the center point of the target duct branch, a corresponding weighting coefficient is set for different adjacent duct branches. The air volume change amplitude of each adjacent duct branch is multiplied by the corresponding weighting coefficient, and the product results are summed to obtain the weighted coupling change value. The weighted coupling change value is normalized by dividing it by the design air volume of the target duct branch, resulting in the branch coupling influence factor, which characterizes the degree of influence of the air volume change of adjacent duct branches on the air volume of the target duct branch.

9. A method for adjusting the air balance of a variable air volume (VAV) air conditioning duct according to claim 8, characterized in that, After obtaining the air volume deviation intensity factor, system disturbance sensitivity factor, and branch coupling influence factor, the three are compared pairwise. Based on the comparison results, the factor with the largest value is determined as the primary guiding factor, the factor with the second largest value is determined as the secondary guiding factor, and the factor with the lowest value is determined as the constraint factor. Based on the combination relationship of the dominant directional factor, secondary directional factor, and constraint factor, select the control strategy corresponding to the current combination relationship, and determine the target adjustment amount of the corresponding air valve of the air duct branch.

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