Semi-physical satellite channel simulation test method and device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of monitoring and testing technology for information transmission in low-Earth orbit satellite communication systems. It provides a semi-physical satellite channel simulation testing method and apparatus, comprising: receiving real low-Earth orbit satellite broadcast signals through a simulated communication terminal; obtaining second-level elevation angle change data by calculating ephemeris data based on STK software; periodically collecting environmental noise and broadcast signal level values ​​during satellite transit; fitting and generating an initial satellite-to-ground link model; and superimposing various interference conditions to generate a high-precision link simulation model; configuring the terminal to generate multiple types of service data and converting them into radio frequency signal transmission through host computer software; supporting multiple SN codes on a single terminal to simulate concurrent operation of terminals in multiple geographical locations; and completing authentication verification, link loss calculation, G / T value calculation, and stress testing. This achieves efficient construction of a semi-physical simulation testing environment that closely resembles real-world scenarios, improving the realism, accuracy, and versatility of satellite-to-ground link testing, and meeting the testing needs of multiple scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of monitoring and testing technology for information transmission in low-Earth orbit satellite communication systems, and particularly to a semi-physical satellite channel simulation testing method and apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the coverage of terrestrial communication networks is insufficient to meet the needs of ubiquitous Internet of Things (IoT) applications. As a result, low-Earth orbit (LEO) communication satellites, which can achieve global coverage, have seen significant development. With the proposal and implementation of numerous LEO satellite constellation plans, the number of LEO satellites in orbit is increasing daily, and their application scenarios are tailored to various industries.

[0003] Consequently, in order to verify the new functions and requirements of satellite communication systems, some technical problems still exist in the related satellite-to-ground communication link testing projects, including: 1. There are many influencing factors of satellite communication system satellite-to-ground communication links, making it difficult to build simulation models. It is necessary to build satellite-to-ground link simulation models that are close to the application scenarios and have high reference value; 2. Satellite communication technology iterates rapidly, and the technical parameters between various systems differ greatly. The corresponding ground terminal simulators need to take into account functionality, practicality, and cost-effectiveness, which brings challenges to the development of ground terminal simulators for satellite communication systems.

[0004] In summary, how to conduct simulation testing for low-Earth orbit satellite communication systems is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a semi-physical satellite channel simulation test method and apparatus to address the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as the difficulty in constructing satellite-to-ground link simulation models, insufficient reference value, and the difficulty of ground terminal simulators in balancing the functionality, practicality, and cost-effectiveness of different satellite systems. It enables the efficient construction of a semi-physical simulation environment that closely resembles real-world scenarios, adapts to multiple system parameters, and supports various test scenarios, significantly improving the efficiency of satellite-to-ground link testing setup, simulation accuracy, and application flexibility.

[0006] This invention provides a semi-physical satellite channel simulation test method, comprising:

[0007] Receive broadcast signals from the target low-orbit communication satellite;

[0008] Based on the broadcast signal, calculate the ephemeris information of the target low-orbit communication satellite at its current position and obtain satellite elevation angle change data in seconds;

[0009] During the transit of the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite, environmental noise signals of the surrounding area are continuously collected at a first preset period, and broadcast signals transmitted by the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite are continuously received and collected at a second preset period, and the changes in the level value of the broadcast signals are recorded.

[0010] Based on the satellite elevation angle variation data, the environmental noise signal, and the broadcast signal, an initial simulation model of the satellite-to-ground communication link is fitted and generated;

[0011] Based on the initial simulation model and various interference conditions, a link simulation model with interference conditions is generated;

[0012] Based on the link simulation model, the host computer software program is used to configure the simulated communication terminal to generate service data and convert it into radio frequency signals.

[0013] The radio frequency signal is transmitted through a satellite communication antenna and auxiliary facilities to obtain test data, and the satellite-to-ground communication link is tested based on the test data.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0015] The orbital trajectory and signal beam coverage of the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite were simulated using STK software to determine the coverage of the satellite signal beam on the ground.

[0016] Select at least two data uplink nodes within the coverage area;

[0017] Based on the geographical location of the data uplink node, satellite ephemeris information, including transit time and elevation angle information, is calculated.

[0018] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0019] The ambient noise signal is processed by a bandpass filter and a low-noise amplifier to obtain the mean ambient noise value;

[0020] The average loss of the satellite-to-ground communication link is calculated based on the mean environmental noise and the level change of the broadcast signal.

[0021] The link margin and G / T value are calculated based on the average loss.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0023] Based on the link simulation model, multiple different SN codes are configured for the simulated communication terminal through a host computer software program;

[0024] Based on the multiple different SN codes, ground communication terminals in the same geographical location are simulated in multiple different geographical locations;

[0025] The simulated communication terminal uses a multi-channel independent radio frequency signal generation circuit to simultaneously generate multiple service data channels adapted to different SN codes and convert them into radio frequency signals.

[0026] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0027] The host computer software program generates an illegal SN code that exceeds the range of legal codes;

[0028] Send an authentication request containing the illegal serial number to the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite;

[0029] Receive and parse the authentication response returned by the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite;

[0030] The reliability of the onboard authentication function of the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite is verified based on the authentication response.

[0031] In one possible implementation, the method further includes:

[0032] Configure at least two simulated communication terminals, one as the transmitting terminal and the other as the receiving terminal;

[0033] The transmitting terminal generates service data based on the first SN encoding and sends it to the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite;

[0034] The target low-Earth orbit communication satellite forwards the service data to the receiving terminal.

[0035] The receiving terminal receives and parses the service data based on the second SN encoding.

[0036] Based on the service data parsing results of the receiving terminal, the bit error rate of the satellite-to-ground communication link is monitored and recorded.

[0037] The present invention also provides a semi-physical satellite channel simulation test device, comprising:

[0038] The receiving module is used to receive broadcast signals transmitted by the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite;

[0039] The calculation module is used to calculate the ephemeris information of the target low-orbit communication satellite at its current position based on the broadcast signal, and to obtain satellite elevation angle change data in seconds;

[0040] The acquisition module is used to continuously acquire environmental noise signals of the surrounding area at a first preset period during the transit of the target low-orbit communication satellite, and to continuously receive and acquire broadcast signals transmitted by the target low-orbit communication satellite at a second preset period, and record the changes in the level value of the broadcast signals.

[0041] The fitting module is used to fit and generate an initial simulation model of the satellite-to-ground communication link based on the satellite elevation angle change data, the environmental noise signal, and the broadcast signal.

[0042] The fitting module is also used to generate a link simulation model with interference conditions based on the initial simulation model and multiple interference conditions.

[0043] The configuration module is used to configure the simulated communication terminal to generate service data and convert it into radio frequency signals through the host computer software program based on the link simulation model.

[0044] The test module is used to transmit the radio frequency signal through the satellite communication antenna and auxiliary facilities, acquire test data, and test the satellite-to-ground communication link based on the test data.

[0045] The present invention also provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the semi-physical satellite channel simulation test method as described above.

[0046] The present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, which, when executed by a processor, implements the semi-physical satellite channel simulation test method as described above.

[0047] The present invention also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the semi-physical satellite channel simulation test method as described above.

[0048] The semi-physical satellite channel simulation test method and apparatus provided by this invention receive broadcast signals from a target low-Earth orbit communication satellite; calculate the ephemeris information of the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite at its current position based on the broadcast signals, and acquire satellite elevation angle change data in seconds; continuously collect environmental noise signals of the surrounding area at a first preset period during the transit of the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite, and continuously receive and collect broadcast signals from the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite at a second preset period, recording the level changes of the broadcast signals; fit and generate an initial simulation model of the satellite-to-ground communication link based on the satellite elevation angle change data, the environmental noise signals, and the broadcast signals; generate a link simulation model with interference conditions based on the initial simulation model and various interference conditions; configure a simulated communication terminal to generate service data and convert it into radio frequency signals through a host computer software program based on the link simulation model; transmit the radio frequency signals through a satellite communication antenna and auxiliary facilities, acquire test data, and test the satellite-to-ground communication link based on the test data. Compared to existing technologies where satellite-to-ground link simulation models are difficult to construct and lack sufficient reference value, and ground terminal simulators struggle to balance the functionality, practicality, and cost-effectiveness of different satellite systems, this solution significantly improves the realism, accuracy, and versatility of satellite-to-ground link testing for low-Earth orbit satellite communication systems by combining real signals with simulation models. It addresses the issue of insufficient reference value in existing simulation models, enabling the efficient construction of a semi-physical simulation environment that closely resembles real-world scenarios, adapts to multiple system parameters, and supports various test scenarios. This enhances the efficiency of satellite-to-ground link testing setup, simulation accuracy, and application flexibility. Attached Figure Description

[0049] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0050] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the semi-physical satellite channel simulation test system provided by the present invention.

[0051] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the semi-physical satellite channel simulation test method provided by the present invention.

[0052] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the semi-physical satellite channel simulation test device provided by the present invention.

[0053] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device provided by the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0054] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0055] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present invention, further explanations and descriptions will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. These embodiments do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0056] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the semi-physical satellite channel simulation and testing system provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 1 As shown, this system adapts to the uplink and downlink channel simulation requirements of low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellites, integrating satellite communication terminal capabilities such as data generation, location generation, and terminal encoding generation. It is suitable for channel simulation testing of LEO satellite communication systems, meeting various test scenarios including on-board authentication, satellite-to-ground link loss measurement, terminal concurrency, and beamwidth testing. It simulates the data transmission and reception mechanism between LEO satellites and communication terminals below the signal beam. By changing the time and frequency domain characteristics of the terminal's emitted signal, it adapts to different LEO satellite communication systems, effectively improving the efficiency of building the satellite-to-ground link test environment and the practicality and accuracy of the simulation test. By simulating the data transmission and reception functions at both ends of the satellite-to-ground link, it can be used for satellite simulation and communication terminal simulation.

[0057] This system can generate various types of information, including sensor data, short messages, voice, images, and videos, based on the bandwidth of different low-Earth orbit communication satellites. It also provides information reporting for corresponding time slots or frequencies under time-division multiplexing and frequency-division multiplexing communication systems. Based on the terminal's built-in program, it can simulate and generate broadcast information from low-Earth orbit communication satellites in the space segment or terminal service information from the user segment. It can simulate both ends of the satellite-to-ground link according to different usage scenarios. Applicable to different usage scenarios, it can acquire electromagnetic environment indicators of the surrounding area and adjust the power indicators of radio frequency devices to adapt to the differences in loss between satellite communication links of different satellite communication systems by changing the gain of the transmitting and receiving ends.

[0058] Specifically, the semi-physical satellite channel simulation test system includes:

[0059] At least one low-Earth orbit communication satellite, operating at an altitude of 500-1000 km, is used to broadcast broadcast signals and relay service data;

[0060] At least one analog communication terminal, the analog communication terminal including a data generation and distribution unit, an analog-to-digital conversion processing unit, a radio frequency conditioning unit and an analog data storage unit;

[0061] The simulated communication terminal is used to receive real broadcast signals transmitted by the low-orbit communication satellite and to switch between satellite mode and terminal mode through a built-in program to simulate the broadcast signal transmission and reception of the low-orbit communication satellite or the business data transmission and reception of the ground communication terminal.

[0062] The host computer and its software program are connected to the simulated communication terminal via wired or wireless communication. The host computer is used to configure the SN encoding, center frequency of the transmitted / received signal, time domain characteristics, frequency domain characteristics and radio frequency output power of the simulated communication terminal, and to control the simulated communication terminal to generate various types of service data, including sensor data type, short message type, voice type, image type and video type.

[0063] The satellite communication antenna and its auxiliary facilities are used by the simulated communication terminal to transmit and receive signals.

[0064] Low Earth orbit (LEO) communication satellites are communication satellites designed to improve the coverage of terrestrial networks, meet the communication needs of people in remote areas, and meet the data transmission needs of Internet of Things (IoT) applications. They typically operate at an altitude of 500-1000 km. Depending on the bandwidth conditions, the data transmitted by LEO satellites generally includes short messages, voice, images, and videos. LEO communication satellites and terrestrial information transmission facilities constitute an integrated space-ground LEO satellite communication system.

[0065] Based on the service requirements during the on-orbit operation phase, low-Earth orbit communication satellites need to build satellite-to-ground link tests for different targets according to the application requirements of the satellite communication system. In the semi-physical channel simulation test system, the simulation terminal can be applied to different types of low-Earth orbit satellite communication systems. The built-in program simulates and generates satellite broadcast signals in the space segment or terminal service signals in the user segment, realizing the simulation of both ends of the satellite-to-ground link according to the requirements of different usage scenarios.

[0066] The simulated communication terminal can be equipped with different types of antennas. It can be configured on a computer via serial communication, changing the center frequency of its transmitted / received signals as well as its time and frequency domain characteristics, thus achieving compatibility with different low-Earth orbit satellite communication systems.

[0067] The analog communication terminal can be equipped with a corresponding frequency antenna, and connected to a bandpass filter, low-noise amplifier, and other components to visualize the received analog noise signal, enabling noise signal measurement in application scenarios. The analog communication terminal can also connect to a low-Earth orbit communication satellite or another terminal. By changing the signal transmission gain of its RF output port on a computer via serial communication, it simulates the effects of rain attenuation, cloud attenuation, obstruction, and multipath effects on satellite signals during propagation, simulating the satellite-to-ground link and measuring the G / T value of the satellite-to-ground communication link. It is applicable to scenarios such as link loss calculation.

[0068] The simulated communication terminal can generate service data within a corresponding time frequency range according to the communication time slot characteristics agreed upon by the communication system under the time division multiplexing system, in order to simulate the data uplink of a single or multiple terminals, based on the requirements of the test task and the communication system of different satellite communication systems. Under the frequency division multiplexing system, it generates service data on the corresponding center frequency point according to the channel communication frequency point agreed upon by the communication system, in order to simulate the data uplink of a single or multiple terminals. It can be widely used in scenarios such as single-channel collision testing, channel stress testing, and terminal concurrency testing.

[0069] Multiple simulated communication terminals generate location pseudocode information to simulate terminals at different locations within the low-Earth orbit communication satellite signal beam, thereby simulating the satellite-to-ground link and performing a test task of multiple access at a single location. By generating illegal terminal codes, i.e. codes outside the existing coding range, the reliability of on-board authentication of the low-Earth orbit communication satellite is verified.

[0070] According to the test mission requirements, it can be connected to a low-orbit communication satellite or another terminal. By changing the signal transmission gain index of its radio frequency output port on the host computer via serial communication, it aims to simulate the effects of rain attenuation, cloud attenuation, obstruction, multipath effect and other factors on satellite signal propagation, and to simulate the satellite-to-ground link for calculating the satellite-to-ground link margin; it can be applied to scenarios such as link loss calculation.

[0071] Based on the communication systems of different low-Earth orbit satellite communication systems, under the time-division multiplexing system, service data is generated within the corresponding time frequency range according to the communication time slot characteristics agreed upon by the communication system, in order to simulate the data uplink of a single or multiple terminals; under the frequency-division multiplexing system, service data is generated at the corresponding frequency point according to the channel communication frequency point agreed upon by the communication system, in order to simulate the data uplink of a single or multiple terminals. It can be applied to scenarios such as channel collision testing and terminal concurrency testing; the satellite-to-ground link is used for satellite-to-ground link testing of different satellite communication systems, changing the center frequency point and time-domain and frequency-domain characteristics of its transmitted / received signals to achieve adaptation with different low-Earth orbit satellite communication systems.

[0072] The semi-physical satellite channel simulation test system and methodology are applicable to monitoring and testing scenarios related to the satellite-to-ground communication link in low-Earth orbit satellite communication systems. The simulated communication terminal can receive broadcast signals from the satellite in orbit and monitor the operational status of the satellite-to-ground link. By sampling the broadcast signals from the satellite, a semi-physical simulation model of the satellite-to-ground communication link in the low-Earth orbit satellite communication system can be achieved. The satellite-to-ground link simulation model can be used to simulate satellite-to-ground link communication in a low-Earth orbit satellite communication system between two simulated communication terminals.

[0073] The simulated communication terminal is based on a low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication system and implements broadcast / service data transmission and reception in different test scenarios. The RF output power and waveform of the simulated communication terminal's output signal are configured via host computer software to simulate the uplink and downlink communication links of the LEO satellite communication system. Specifically, when the simulated communication terminal communicates with the LEO communication satellite, it receives broadcast and relay signals from the LEO communication satellite, continuously records the time and frequency domain variables of these signals, analyzes them, and stores them as received information. Simultaneously, the simulated terminal collects electromagnetic environment changes in the surrounding area while receiving satellite signals. By combining the satellite ephemeris, the second-by-second frequency domain variables of the satellite signals transmitted during transit, and the electromagnetic environment changes in the surrounding area, a signal model of the satellite-to-ground communication link during the LEO communication satellite's transit is fitted. This model then serves as a reference for the output signal modulation during data transmission and reception tests between the simulated communication terminals.

[0074] The simulated communication terminal connects to devices such as bandpass filters and low-noise amplifiers to receive ambient noise signals and continuously collect and monitor them, thus obtaining the average ambient noise level in the current area. Based on this, the simulated communication terminal connects to a low-orbit communication satellite to obtain the average loss of the satellite-to-ground communication link. Under different meteorological conditions, it can obtain the effects of rain attenuation, cloud attenuation, obstruction, and multipath effects on satellite signal propagation, and then simulate the aforementioned satellite-to-ground communication link.

[0075] The simulated communication terminal can generate service data according to different test scenarios. According to the preset satellite uplink and downlink data timing in the communication protocol, it can broadcast and transmit and receive service data with at least one simulated communication terminal. Based on the fitted satellite-to-ground communication link simulation model, the RF power and waveform of the output signal of the simulated communication terminal are configured by the host computer software. On the transmitting side (simulated satellite communication ground terminal), service data generation, receiving satellite broadcast wake-up and uplink transmission of service data are realized. On the receiving side (simulated transit satellite), broadcast transmission and uplink service data reception and forwarding are realized. The host computer software simulates the service operation of the satellite or ground terminal on at least one side of the satellite-to-ground communication link, realizing the configuration of the semi-physical simulation system of the satellite-to-ground link.

[0076] The simulated communication terminal can be configured with different SN codes according to the host computer software. One of the SN codes is used as the local terminal to generate and send service data. The service data is forwarded via a low-Earth orbit communication satellite. Under the premise that the low-Earth orbit communication satellite has uplink data loopback function, the simulated communication terminal can select another SN code as the target terminal to receive and parse the service data forwarded by the low-Earth orbit communication satellite, thereby verifying the availability and stability of the satellite-to-ground communication link.

[0077] The simulated communication terminal can be configured with different SN codes according to the host computer software. The simulated communication terminal on the sending side selects one of the SN codes as the local terminal to generate service data and send it to the low-Earth orbit communication satellite. Correspondingly, the simulated communication terminal on the receiving side selects one of the SN codes as the target terminal of the aforementioned service data. The low-Earth orbit communication satellite forwards the service data of the local terminal to the local terminal. The data transmission and reception between two or more simulated communication terminals can meet the scenarios such as multi-point concurrent stress test and single-channel collision test of low-Earth orbit communication satellite, simulate the data transmission and reception process between multiple ground communication terminals, and monitor the bit error rate index of the low-Earth orbit communication satellite's satellite-to-ground communication link by parsing the received satellite downlink signal on the host computer software.

[0078] Specifically, the STK software is used to simulate the target satellite's trajectory and signal beam coverage area to determine the satellite signal beam's coverage area on the ground within a 5-degree elevation angle (e.g., the area within the 5-10 degree elevation angle range). Within this range, at least two data uplink nodes are selected. The geographical locations of the selected data uplink nodes within this range are used to calculate the satellite ephemeris, including transit time and elevation angle information. Furthermore, corresponding simulated communication terminals are allocated according to the number of selected uplink nodes. Two or more simulated communication terminals can achieve concurrent data testing of the satellite-to-ground communication link. The simulated communication terminals are configured with corresponding SN codes according to the number of concurrent nodes to be tested. Each simulated terminal can be configured with at least one SN code. Compared to the orbital altitude of low-Earth orbit satellites, the electromagnetic waves output by the simulated communication terminal are captured by the on-orbit satellite instantaneously. Therefore, to ensure the effectiveness of concurrent testing, the simulated terminal includes multiple independent radio frequency signal generation circuits. These circuits autonomously generate service data through upper computer software instructions and convert it into analog signals after adapting to source coding or channel coding, which are then output to the radio frequency output port. The aforementioned multiple analog signals are simultaneously output through ground communication terminal antennas with multiple radiators.

[0079] Low Earth orbit (LEO) communication satellites can provide satellite communication services for use scenarios in areas without terrestrial network coverage. Together with ground equipment such as earth stations and ground communication terminals, they form an integrated space-ground communication system. Communication systems based on different numbers of LEO communication satellites can provide communication services with different reentry cycles at any location globally, and provide data services with different transmission rates and bandwidths based on different types of use scenarios; including but not limited to: satellite data services such as short messages, voice, images, video, and Ethernet access.

[0080] Specifically, after entering orbit, low-orbit communication satellites are used to broadcast signals, receive, store, and forward uplink data from ground communication terminals and simulated communication terminals on the transmitting side to communication terminals or simulated terminals on the target side under the coverage of the signal beam.

[0081] The simulation communication terminal and host computer software program are as follows: The simulation communication terminal is based on the aforementioned integrated space-ground satellite communication network to simulate the data generation side in the application, thereby realizing data transmission with low-orbit narrowband communication satellites; specifically, the simulation communication terminal can connect to facilities such as bandpass filters, low-noise amplifiers, and corresponding frequency antennas. The host computer software instructs the simulation communication terminal to convert the received noise signal from analog to digital and output data indicators for display, thereby realizing the measurement of noise signals in the application scenario. Specifically, when simulating the broadcast signal of a passing satellite, the STK software is used to calculate the ephemeris information of the passing satellite at the current location, and the elevation angle change of the passing satellite is obtained every second. During the satellite's transit, the noise signal of the surrounding area is sampled and recorded every 5 seconds. A signal source is coupled out from the radio frequency port of the simulated communication terminal to receive the broadcast signal transmitted by the passing low-Earth orbit communication satellite and sample it once per second, recording the change in the level value of the broadcast signal. By analyzing and processing the data such as environmental noise, satellite elevation angle, and broadcast signal level value every second during the satellite's transit, the satellite-to-ground communication link is simulated and modeled. Furthermore, by adapting to different environmental conditions based on the aforementioned modeling, the effects of rain attenuation, cloud attenuation, obstruction, and multipath effects on satellite signal propagation are simulated, providing interference condition data to the simulation model of the satellite-to-ground communication link.

[0082] The simulated communication terminal, under the premise of compensating for the impact of environmental noise in the surrounding area, can adjust the power index of radio frequency devices through the host computer software program in order to change the signal power index of the terminal's radio frequency output port, and calculate the margin of the space-to-ground communication link of the low-orbit satellite communication system based on the capability layer. The simulated communication terminal comprises components such as a data generation and distribution unit, an analog-to-digital conversion (ADC) processing unit, a radio frequency (RF) conditioning unit, an input display unit, and a simulation data storage unit. The data generation and distribution unit generates uplink and downlink service data for the low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication system via instructions from the host computer, assigns source coding and channel coding attributes, and performs encapsulation processing. This includes distributing ADC chips, DSP chips, and data processing MCU chips, realizing the conversion from underlying data generation to satellite-to-ground communication link service data. The ADC processing unit, composed of the LEO satellite communication system's baseband chip, modulates the encapsulated analog signals to meet the communication requirements of the satellite-to-ground link. The RF conditioning unit adjusts the RF power of the signal source at the simulated communication terminal's RF output port using power amplifiers and other components via instructions from the host computer. The input display unit, as a major component of the host computer software program, provides a display interface for users operating the simulated communication terminal. The simulation data storage unit stores simulation model data received from LEO communication satellites or other signal sources during the operation of the simulated communication terminal. The host computer software program refers to a program running on a computer that connects to a simulated communication terminal via an RS wired or wireless local area network. In specific application scenarios, it instructs the simulated communication terminal to generate service data, enabling data transmission and reception between the terminal and a low-Earth orbit communication satellite or at least one other simulated communication terminal. The received service data is displayed on the receiving end. By instructing the simulated communication terminal to transmit and receive data, it also enables sampling, modeling, and simulation of the satellite-to-ground communication link of the low-Earth orbit satellite communication system. Auxiliary equipment and facilities include, but are not limited to: power supply facilities, lithium batteries, antennas, cables, structural supports, etc.

[0083] The semi-physical satellite channel simulation test system provided by this invention includes: at least one low-Earth orbit communication satellite, operating at an altitude of 500-1000 km, used for broadcasting broadcast signals and forwarding service data; at least one simulated communication terminal, the simulated communication terminal including a data generation and distribution unit, an analog-to-digital conversion processing unit, a radio frequency conditioning unit, and a simulated data storage unit; the simulated communication terminal is used to receive real broadcast signals transmitted by the low-Earth orbit communication satellite, and switches between satellite mode and terminal mode through a built-in program to simulate the broadcast signal transmission and reception of the low-Earth orbit communication satellite or ground communication terminal. The system includes a terminal for transmitting and receiving business data; a host computer and its software program, connected to the simulated communication terminal via wired or wireless communication, for configuring the SN encoding, center frequency of transmitted / received signals, time-domain characteristics, frequency-domain characteristics, and RF output power of the simulated communication terminal, and controlling the simulated communication terminal to generate various types of business data, including sensor data types, short message types, voice types, image types, and video types; and a satellite communication antenna and auxiliary facilities, through which the simulated communication terminal transmits and receives signals. Compared to the existing technologies where the construction of satellite-to-ground link simulation models is difficult and lacks reference value, and ground terminal simulators struggle to balance the functionality, practicality, and cost-effectiveness of different satellite systems, this system efficiently constructs a semi-physical simulation environment that closely resembles real-world scenarios, adapts to multiple system parameters, and supports multiple types of test scenarios, significantly improving the efficiency of satellite-to-ground link testing setup, simulation accuracy, and application flexibility.

[0084] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the semi-physical satellite channel simulation testing method provided by the present invention, as shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the method includes the following:

[0085] S21. Receive broadcast signals from the target low-orbit communication satellite.

[0086] The simulated communication terminal can receive broadcast and relay signals from low-Earth orbit communication satellites in orbit, and couples out a signal source at the radio frequency port specifically for receiving broadcast signals from passing satellites. The terminal continuously records the time and frequency domain variables of the received signals, analyzes them, and stores them as received information, which serves as the data basis for subsequent link modeling.

[0087] S22. Calculate the ephemeris information of the target low-orbit communication satellite at its current position based on the broadcast signal, and obtain satellite elevation angle change data in seconds.

[0088] The STK software is used to simulate the target satellite's trajectory and signal beam coverage. The ephemeris information of the passing satellite at the current location is calculated, and the ground coverage of the satellite signal beam is determined based on a 5-degree elevation angle (e.g., a 5-10 degree elevation angle range). At least two data uplink nodes are selected. Based on the geographical location of the selected nodes, the satellite ephemeris, including the passing time and elevation angle information, is calculated, and satellite elevation angle change data in 1-second increments is obtained.

[0089] S23. During the transit of the target low-orbit communication satellite, the environmental noise signal of the surrounding area is continuously collected at a first preset period, and the broadcast signal sent by the target low-orbit communication satellite is continuously received and collected at a second preset period, and the level value change of the broadcast signal is recorded.

[0090] During satellite transit, environmental noise signals in the surrounding area are continuously sampled and recorded at a first preset cycle of 5 seconds; simultaneously, broadcast signals transmitted by the transiting low-Earth orbit communication satellite are received and sampled at a second preset cycle of 1 second, and the changes in the broadcast signal level are recorded. Both types of sampled data are stored synchronously with timestamps for subsequent analysis.

[0091] S24. Based on the satellite elevation angle change data, the environmental noise signal, and the broadcast signal, an initial simulation model of the satellite-to-ground communication link is fitted and generated.

[0092] By analyzing and processing the environmental noise data, satellite elevation angle data, and broadcast signal level data collected every second during satellite transit, and combining them with the ephemeris information calculated by STK, an initial simulation model for generating a satellite-to-ground communication link is fitted. This model reflects the link propagation characteristics under ideal conditions.

[0093] S25. Based on the initial simulation model and various interference conditions, generate a link simulation model with interference conditions.

[0094] Based on the initial simulation model, and adapted to different environmental conditions, the radio frequency adjustment unit is configured through the host computer software to simulate the effects of rain attenuation, cloud attenuation, obstruction, multipath effect and other factors in the satellite signal propagation process. Interference condition data is added to the link simulation model to generate a link simulation model with interference conditions for use in real-world scenario simulation.

[0095] S26. Based on the link simulation model, the host computer software program is used to configure the simulated communication terminal to generate service data and convert it into radio frequency signals; the radio frequency signals are transmitted through the satellite communication antenna and auxiliary facilities to obtain test data and test the satellite-to-ground communication link based on the test data.

[0096] Based on the fitted satellite-to-ground communication link simulation model, the host computer software configures the data generation and distribution unit of the simulated communication terminal to generate service data. After the analog-to-digital conversion processing unit performs source coding and channel coding, it is converted into an analog signal. The radio frequency adjustment unit modulates and adjusts the radio frequency power and waveform. Finally, the radio frequency signal is output through the satellite communication antenna and auxiliary facilities (bandpass filter, low noise amplifier, etc.) to realize semi-physical simulation data transmission with a real satellite or another terminal.

[0097] The semi-physical satellite channel simulation test method provided by this invention, when simulating and modeling the broadcast signal of an overpassing satellite, calculates the ephemeris information of the overpassing satellite at the current location using STK software, and obtains the elevation angle change of the overpassing satellite every second; during the satellite's transit, noise signals in the surrounding area are continuously sampled and recorded every 5 seconds; a signal source is coupled out from the radio frequency port of the simulated communication terminal, and the broadcast signal transmitted by the overpassing low-Earth orbit communication satellite is received and sampled once per second, recording the level change of the broadcast signal; by analyzing and processing data such as environmental noise, satellite elevation angle, and broadcast signal level every second during the satellite's transit, the satellite-to-ground communication link is simulated and modeled; furthermore, by adapting to different environmental conditions based on the aforementioned modeling, the effects of rain attenuation, cloud attenuation, obstruction, and multipath effects on satellite signals during propagation are simulated, providing interference condition data to the simulation model of the satellite-to-ground communication link. By realistically receiving on-orbit satellite broadcast signals, collecting environmental noise and signal levels at the second level, and fusing precise STK ephemeris data, a simulation model reflecting the dynamic characteristics of the real satellite-to-ground link is fitted, solving the technical problems of insufficient reference value and poor accuracy of traditional pure software simulation models. Based on the initial model, by configuring the radio frequency adjustment unit through host computer software, various real interference conditions such as rain attenuation, cloud attenuation, obstruction, and multipath effects can be flexibly superimposed to generate a link simulation model with interference, providing controllable and reproducible interference simulation capabilities for the test environment. This improves the efficiency, realism, and accuracy of concurrent stress testing and reduces the cost of multi-node testing.

[0098] The semi-physical satellite channel simulation test device provided by the present invention is described below. The semi-physical satellite channel simulation test device described below can be referred to in correspondence with the semi-physical satellite channel simulation test method described above.

[0099] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the semi-physical satellite channel simulation test device provided by the present invention, specifically including:

[0100] The receiving module 301 is used to receive broadcast signals transmitted by the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite. For detailed explanations, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the above method embodiments; they will not be repeated here.

[0101] The calculation module 302 is used to calculate the ephemeris information of the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite at its current position based on the broadcast signal, and to acquire satellite elevation angle change data in seconds. For detailed explanations, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the above method embodiments; they will not be repeated here.

[0102] The acquisition module 303 is used to continuously acquire environmental noise signals of the surrounding area at a first preset period during the transit of the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite, and to continuously receive and acquire broadcast signals transmitted by the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite at a second preset period, recording the changes in the level value of the broadcast signals. For detailed explanations, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the above method embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0103] The fitting module 304 is used to fit and generate an initial simulation model of the satellite-to-ground communication link based on the satellite elevation angle change data, the environmental noise signal, and the broadcast signal. For detailed explanations, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the above method embodiments; they will not be repeated here.

[0104] The fitting module 304 is further configured to generate a link simulation model with interference conditions based on the initial simulation model and various interference conditions. For detailed explanations, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the above method embodiments; they will not be repeated here.

[0105] The configuration module 305 is used to configure the simulated communication terminal to generate service data and convert it into radio frequency signals through a host computer software program based on the link simulation model. For detailed explanations, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the above method embodiments; they will not be repeated here.

[0106] Test module 306 is used to transmit the radio frequency signal through a satellite communication antenna and auxiliary facilities, acquire test data, and test the satellite-to-ground communication link based on the test data. For detailed explanations, please refer to the relevant descriptions in the above method embodiments; they will not be repeated here.

[0107] Figure 4 An example is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of an electronic device, such as... Figure 4As shown, the electronic device may include: a processor 410, a communications interface 420, a memory 430, and a communications bus 440, wherein the processor 410, the communications interface 420, and the memory 430 communicate with each other through the communications bus 440. The processor 410 can call logic instructions in the memory 430 to execute a semi-physical satellite channel simulation test method. This method includes: receiving a broadcast signal from a target low-Earth orbit communication satellite; calculating the ephemeris information of the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite at its current position based on the broadcast signal, and acquiring satellite elevation angle change data in seconds; continuously collecting environmental noise signals from the surrounding area at a first preset period during the transit of the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite, and continuously receiving and collecting the broadcast signal from the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite at a second preset period, recording the level changes of the broadcast signal; fitting and generating an initial simulation model of the satellite-to-ground communication link based on the satellite elevation angle change data, the environmental noise signal, and the broadcast signal; generating a link simulation model with interference conditions based on the initial simulation model and various interference conditions; configuring a simulated communication terminal to generate service data and converting it into radio frequency signals through a host computer software program based on the link simulation model; transmitting the radio frequency signals through a satellite communication antenna and auxiliary facilities, acquiring test data, and testing the satellite-to-ground communication link based on the test data.

[0108] Furthermore, the logical instructions in the aforementioned memory 430 can be implemented as software functional units and, when sold or used as independent products, can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0109] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that can be stored on a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer can execute the semi-physical satellite channel simulation test method provided by the above methods. The method includes: receiving a broadcast signal transmitted by a target low-Earth orbit communication satellite; calculating the ephemeris information of the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite at its current position based on the broadcast signal, and acquiring satellite elevation angle change data in seconds; and continuously collecting environmental noise signals of the surrounding area at a first preset period during the transit of the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite. The system continuously receives and collects broadcast signals from the target low-orbit communication satellite at a second preset period, recording changes in the broadcast signal level. Based on the satellite elevation angle change data, the environmental noise signal, and the broadcast signal, an initial simulation model of the satellite-to-ground communication link is fitted and generated. Based on the initial simulation model and various interference conditions, a link simulation model with interference conditions is generated. Based on the link simulation model, the host computer software program configures the simulated communication terminal to generate service data and convert it into radio frequency signals. The radio frequency signals are transmitted through the satellite communication antenna and auxiliary facilities to obtain test data, and the satellite-to-ground communication link is tested based on the test data.

[0110] In another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon. When executed by a processor, the computer program implements a semi-physical satellite channel simulation test method provided by the above methods. The method includes: receiving a broadcast signal transmitted by a target low-Earth orbit communication satellite; calculating the ephemeris information of the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite at its current position based on the broadcast signal, and acquiring satellite elevation angle change data in seconds; continuously collecting environmental noise signals of the surrounding area at a first preset period during the transit of the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite, and continuously receiving and collecting the broadcast signal transmitted by the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite at a second preset period, and recording the level changes of the broadcast signal; fitting and generating an initial simulation model of a satellite-to-ground communication link based on the satellite elevation angle change data, the environmental noise signal, and the broadcast signal; generating a link simulation model with interference conditions based on the initial simulation model and various interference conditions; configuring a simulated communication terminal to generate service data and convert it into radio frequency signals through a host computer software program based on the link simulation model; transmitting the radio frequency signals through a satellite communication antenna and auxiliary facilities, acquiring test data, and testing the satellite-to-ground communication link based on the test data.

[0111] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without any creative effort.

[0112] Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that each embodiment can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general-purpose hardware platforms, and of course, it can also be implemented by hardware. Based on this understanding, the above technical solutions, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in the various embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

[0113] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A semi-physical satellite channel simulation test method, characterized in that, include: Receive broadcast signals from the target low-orbit communication satellite; Based on the broadcast signal, calculate the ephemeris information of the target low-orbit communication satellite at its current position and obtain satellite elevation angle change data in seconds; During the transit of the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite, environmental noise signals of the surrounding area are continuously collected at a first preset period, and broadcast signals transmitted by the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite are continuously received and collected at a second preset period, and the changes in the level value of the broadcast signals are recorded. Based on the satellite elevation angle variation data, the environmental noise signal, and the broadcast signal, an initial simulation model of the satellite-to-ground communication link is fitted and generated; Based on the initial simulation model and various interference conditions, a link simulation model with interference conditions is generated; Based on the link simulation model, the host computer software program is used to configure the simulated communication terminal to generate service data and convert it into radio frequency signals. The radio frequency signal is transmitted through a satellite communication antenna and auxiliary facilities to obtain test data, and the satellite-to-ground communication link is tested based on the test data.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation of the ephemeris information of the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite at its current location based on the broadcast signal includes: The orbital trajectory and signal beam coverage of the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite were simulated using STK software to determine the coverage of the satellite signal beam on the ground. Select at least two data uplink nodes within the coverage area; Based on the geographical location of the data uplink node, satellite ephemeris information, including transit time and elevation angle information, is calculated.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of continuously collecting environmental noise signals from the surrounding area at a first preset period during the transit of the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite, and continuously receiving and collecting broadcast signals transmitted by the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite at a second preset period, and recording changes in the level of the broadcast signals, includes: The ambient noise signal is processed by a bandpass filter and a low-noise amplifier to obtain the mean ambient noise value; The average loss of the satellite-to-ground communication link is calculated based on the mean environmental noise and the level change of the broadcast signal. The link margin and G / T value are calculated based on the average loss.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of configuring the simulated communication terminal to generate service data and convert it into radio frequency signals based on the link simulation model via a host computer software program includes: Based on the link simulation model, multiple different SN codes are configured for the simulated communication terminal through a host computer software program; Based on the multiple different SN codes, ground communication terminals in the same geographical location are simulated in multiple different geographical locations; The simulated communication terminal uses a multi-channel independent radio frequency signal generation circuit to simultaneously generate multiple service data channels adapted to different SN codes and convert them into radio frequency signals.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: The host computer software program generates an illegal SN code that exceeds the range of legal codes; Send an authentication request containing the illegal serial number to the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite; Receive and parse the authentication response returned by the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite; The reliability of the onboard authentication function of the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite is verified based on the authentication response.

6. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method further includes: Configure at least two simulated communication terminals, one as the transmitting terminal and the other as the receiving terminal; The transmitting terminal generates service data based on the first SN encoding and sends it to the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite; The target low-Earth orbit communication satellite forwards the service data to the receiving terminal. The receiving terminal receives and parses the service data based on the second SN encoding. Based on the service data parsing results of the receiving terminal, the bit error rate of the satellite-to-ground communication link is monitored and recorded.

7. A semi-physical satellite channel simulation test device, characterized in that, include: The receiving module is used to receive broadcast signals transmitted by the target low-Earth orbit communication satellite; The calculation module is used to calculate the ephemeris information of the target low-orbit communication satellite at its current position based on the broadcast signal, and to obtain satellite elevation angle change data in seconds; The acquisition module is used to continuously acquire environmental noise signals of the surrounding area at a first preset period during the transit of the target low-orbit communication satellite, and to continuously receive and acquire broadcast signals transmitted by the target low-orbit communication satellite at a second preset period, and record the changes in the level value of the broadcast signals. The fitting module is used to fit and generate an initial simulation model of the satellite-to-ground communication link based on the satellite elevation angle change data, the environmental noise signal, and the broadcast signal. The fitting module is also used to generate a link simulation model with interference conditions based on the initial simulation model and multiple interference conditions. The configuration module is used to configure the simulated communication terminal to generate service data and convert it into radio frequency signals through the host computer software program based on the link simulation model. The test module is used to transmit the radio frequency signal through the satellite communication antenna and auxiliary facilities, acquire test data, and test the satellite-to-ground communication link based on the test data.

8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the semi-physical satellite channel simulation test method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

9. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the semi-physical satellite channel simulation test method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the semi-physical satellite channel simulation test method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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