Communication methods, communication devices and related devices

Abstract

This application provides a communication method, communication device, and related apparatus, relating to the field of communication technology. The method includes: a second communication device sending an indication sequence to a first communication device. The indication sequence indicates information within a first time window. The indication sequence includes first type symbols and second type symbols. Multiple subcarriers allocated within the time domain of the first type symbols are loaded with in-phase signals, while multiple subcarriers allocated within the time domain of the second type symbols do not transmit signals. The first communication device sends first information to the second communication device at a first time unit within the first time window. This enables the first communication device to determine when to send information, avoiding signal collisions caused by multiple first communication devices blindly vying for channel space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method, communication device and related devices. Background Technology

[0002] Passive Internet of Things (IoT) refers to IoT devices (such as sensors and tags) that do not carry batteries or power sources themselves, but instead capture energy from the environment to power their operation and communicate with network devices.

[0003] For example, a network device can send radio frequency (RF) signals to a passive IoT device. These RF signals power the passive IoT device and provide a time synchronization reference for the tag, enabling timing alignment. The passive IoT device responds to these RF signals by reporting information to the network device. Alternatively, the passive IoT device can also proactively report information to the network device.

[0004] When multiple passive IoT devices need to transmit data simultaneously, there is a serious problem of signal collision. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a communication method, communication device, and related devices, applied in the field of terminal technology, to solve the problem of signal collision among multiple passive Internet of Things (IoT) devices.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application propose a communication method applied to a first communication device. The method includes:

[0007] Receive an indication sequence from a second communication device. The indication sequence is used to indicate information in a first time window. The indication sequence includes a first type of symbol and a second type of symbol. Multiple subcarriers allocated in the time domain of the first type of symbol are loaded with in-phase signals, while multiple subcarriers allocated in the time domain of the second type of symbol do not transmit signals.

[0008] The first message is sent in the first time unit of the first time window.

[0009] The first communication device sends an instruction sequence to the second communication device to indicate a first time window. When multiple second communication devices need to send information to the first communication device, the multiple second communication devices can each determine their corresponding first time unit within the first time window. The second communication device sends first information in the first time unit, so that the first communication device can determine when to send information and avoid signal collisions caused by multiple first communication devices blindly occupying the channel.

[0010] Furthermore, the indication sequence in this embodiment is specifically composed of a first type of symbol and a second type of symbol. The first type of symbol has signal transmission on the subcarriers allocated in the time domain, while the second type of symbol has no signal transmission on the subcarriers allocated in the time domain. This allows the indication sequence to be composed of binary 0s and 1s without carrying specific parameters, but implicitly indicating the first time window, thereby avoiding the overhead caused by transmitting and parsing higher-layer signaling.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the information of the first time window includes the number of time units contained in the first time window.

[0012] By indicating the number of time units implicitly in the indicator sequence, the first communication device can effectively determine the specific location of the first time window.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the start time of the first time window is the first time point plus the first offset time point, where the first time point is the time when the last symbol of the instruction sequence is received.

[0014] For the first communication device, the start time of the first time window is determined in this way by pre-definition, thereby avoiding the signaling overhead caused by needing to use display parameters to indicate the start time of the first time window to the first communication device.

[0015] In one possible implementation, the indication sequence is also used to indicate the load status of the channel between the first communication device and the second communication device.

[0016] The first sequence implicitly indicates the channel load status, thereby effectively enhancing the richness of information reflected by the first sequence.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the indicator sequence belongs to a sequence set, which includes a first sequence, a second sequence, and a third sequence.

[0018] The load state of the channel indicated by the first sequence is lighter than that of the channel indicated by the second sequence, and the number of time units contained in the time window indicated by the first sequence is less than the number of time units contained in the time window indicated by the second sequence.

[0019] The second sequence indicates a channel with a lighter load state than the third sequence indicates a channel with a lighter load state. The second sequence indicates a time window containing fewer time units than the third sequence indicates a time window containing fewer time units.

[0020] In one possible implementation, if the interference thermal noise ratio of the channel between the first communication device and the second communication device is less than a first threshold, the indication sequence is the first sequence in the sequence set.

[0021] When the interference thermal noise ratio is greater than or equal to the first threshold and less than or equal to the second threshold, the indicated sequence is the second sequence in the sequence set, and the second threshold is greater than the first threshold.

[0022] If the interference thermal noise ratio is greater than the second threshold, the indicator sequence is the third sequence in the sequence set.

[0023] These three sequences correspond to three different channel load states. The heavier the channel load, the more time units the sequence indicates. This allows for adaptive configuration of the first time window length based on the channel load state, thereby reducing the probability of signal collisions.

[0024] In one possible implementation, a mapping table is stored in the first communication device, which contains the mapping relationship between information indicating the sequence and the first time window.

[0025] By storing the mapping table in the first network device, signaling negotiation can be performed without air interface, thus achieving parameter configuration with lower signaling overhead.

[0026] In one possible implementation, the first time unit is determined in the first time window based on a first index.

[0027] In this process, multiple first communication devices awakened by the same instruction sequence can each determine their own first index. Then, based on their respective determined first indexes, the multiple first communication devices determine the first time unit for transmitting the first information within the first time window. This can also be understood as the multiple first communication devices queuing to send information within the first time window based on their respective determined first indexes (for example, if the determined first index is B, then the information is sent in the Bth time unit within the first time window). This allows the multiple first communication devices to hash within the first time window and transmit information in different time units to avoid collisions.

[0028] In one possible implementation, the first information is used to indicate the first event, and the first index is obtained by taking the address information of the first communication device modulo the number. The first event can be an event that needs to be monitored for the first communication device, or the first event can be described as a warning event, that is, a warning that a preset event has occurred.

[0029] In one possible implementation, the first information is used to indicate the identifier of the first communication device, the first index is obtained by taking the first random number modulo the quantity, and the first random number is generated by the first communication device.

[0030] In this way, by using a unified processing logic combined with different methods for determining the first parameter, access control for both DO-A traffic and inventory traffic can be achieved simultaneously.

[0031] Secondly, embodiments of this application propose a communication method applied to a second communication device. The method includes:

[0032] Send an indication sequence to the first communication device. The indication sequence is used to indicate information of the first time window. The indication sequence includes a first type of symbol and a second type of symbol. Multiple subcarriers allocated in the time domain of the first type of symbol are loaded with in-phase signals, while multiple subcarriers allocated in the time domain of the second type of symbol do not transmit signals.

[0033] In the first time unit of the first time window, the first information is received from the first communication device.

[0034] In one possible implementation, the information of the first time window includes the number of time units contained in the first time window.

[0035] In one possible implementation, the start time of the first time window is the first time point plus the first offset time point, where the first time point is the time when the last symbol of the instruction sequence is received.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the indication sequence is also used to indicate the load status of the channel between the first communication device and the second communication device.

[0037] In one possible implementation, the indicator sequence belongs to a sequence set, which includes a first sequence, a second sequence, and a third sequence.

[0038] The load state of the channel indicated by the first sequence is lighter than that of the channel indicated by the second sequence, and the number of time units contained in the time window indicated by the first sequence is less than the number of time units contained in the time window indicated by the second sequence.

[0039] The second sequence indicates a channel with a lighter load state than the third sequence indicates a channel with a lighter load state. The second sequence indicates a time window containing fewer time units than the third sequence indicates a time window containing fewer time units.

[0040] In one possible implementation, the method also includes:

[0041] Obtain the interference thermal noise ratio of the channel between the first communication device and the second communication device;

[0042] When the interference thermal noise ratio is less than the first threshold, the indicated sequence is the first sequence in the sequence set;

[0043] When the interference thermal noise ratio is greater than or equal to the first threshold and less than or equal to the second threshold, the indicated sequence is the second sequence in the sequence set, and the second threshold is greater than the first threshold.

[0044] If the interference thermal noise ratio is greater than the second threshold, the indicator sequence is the third sequence in the sequence set.

[0045] In one possible implementation, a mapping table is stored in the second communication device, which contains the mapping relationship between information indicating the sequence and the first time window.

[0046] In one possible implementation, the first time unit is determined in the first time window based on a first index.

[0047] In one possible implementation, the first information is used to indicate the first event, and the first index is obtained by taking the address information of the first communication device modulo the number.

[0048] In one possible implementation, the first information is used to indicate the identifier of the first communication device, the first index is obtained by taking the first random number modulo the quantity, and the first random number is generated by the first communication device.

[0049] Thirdly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device including a processor and a memory, wherein the memory is used to store code instructions and the processor is used to execute the code instructions to perform the methods described in the first or second aspect.

[0050] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program or instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the methods described in the first or second aspect.

[0051] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product including a computer program, which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the methods described in the first or second aspect.

[0052] Sixthly, this application provides a chip or chip system including at least one processor and a communication interface, wherein the communication interface and at least one processor are interconnected via a circuit, and the at least one processor is used to run computer programs or instructions to perform the methods described in the first or second aspect. The communication interface in the chip may be an input / output interface, pins, or circuits, etc.

[0053] In one possible implementation, the chip or chip system described above in this application further includes at least one memory storing instructions. The memory can be an internal storage unit of the chip, such as a register or cache, or it can be a storage unit of the chip itself (e.g., read-only memory, random access memory, etc.).

[0054] It should be understood that the second to sixth aspects of this application correspond to the technical solutions of the first aspect of this application, and the beneficial effects achieved by each aspect and the corresponding feasible implementation are similar, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0055] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the communication system provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0056] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the data transmission scenario provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 ;

[0057] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the data transmission scenario provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0058] Figure 4 Signaling interaction diagram of the communication method provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0059] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a first time window provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0060] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation of the sequence set in an embodiment of this application;

[0061] Figure 7 A schematic diagram illustrating the implementation of the selection sequence provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0062] Figure 8 A schematic diagram illustrating the implementation of determining the first time unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0063] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the communication device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0064] To facilitate a clear description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, some terms and technologies involved in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below:

[0065] 1. Reader: A reader is a device that communicates with tags via radio frequency signals. The reader can send energy and instructions to the tag to read the information stored in the tag. It can also write data to the tag when permitted and transmit the data to a computer or other system for processing.

[0066] 2. Tag: A tag is a small electronic device attached to an item. It contains a chip and an antenna to store identification codes or related data. The tag can be activated by a reader and return its own information, thereby enabling automatic identification and tracking of the item.

[0067] 3. Envelope Detector: An envelope detector is an analog electronic circuit used to demodulate conventional amplitude modulation (AM) signals. The envelope refers to the smooth curve formed on a time-domain waveform diagram by connecting the peak points of each high-frequency cycle of a modulated AM signal; this curve completely replicates the waveform changes of the original modulated signal.

[0068] 4. I / Q Data: I / Q data is used to represent the mathematical description of a radio signal. It uses two mutually orthogonal components (I and Q) to characterize the amplitude and phase of a signal. I stands for In-phase, i.e., the component that is in phase. Q stands for Quadrature, i.e., the component that is quadrature.

[0069] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this application, the following points will be explained first:

[0070] In this application, "instruction" can include direct instruction, indirect instruction, explicit instruction, and implicit instruction. When describing a certain instruction information for the purpose of instructing A, it can be understood that the instruction information carries A, directly instructs A, or indirectly instructs A.

[0071] In this application, " / " can indicate that the objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B can mean A or B. "And / or" can be used to describe three relationships between the related objects. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. A and B can be singular or plural.

[0072] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more, such as three, four, or more. Similar expressions (such as at least one, at least one, etc.) are used in the same way. "At least one of the following," "one or more of the following," or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, which may include only a single item or a combination of multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, or b, or c; a and b; or a and c; or b and c; or a, b, and c. Where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0073] In this application, for the convenience of describing the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the terms "first" and "second" may be used to distinguish them. The terms "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity or execution order, and the terms "first" and "second" are not necessarily different.

[0074] In this application, the words "exemplary," "example," or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary," "example," or "for example" should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or designs. The use of the words "exemplary," "example," or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner to facilitate understanding.

[0075] In this application, "sending information / data" only indicates the direction of information / data transmission, including direct transmission via the device's communication interface (such as an air interface, or simply air interface). "Sending" can also be understood as the "output" of a module interface. "Sending" can also include indirect transmission by the processing unit through the communication interface, meaning that after the processing unit outputs information / data through the module interface, it is transmitted to the device's communication interface and then sent out. "Receiving information / data" only indicates the direction of information / data transmission, including direct reception via the communication interface. "Receiving" can also be understood as the "input" of a module interface. "Receiving information / data" can also include indirect reception by the processing unit through the communication interface, meaning that after the communication interface receives information / data, it is transmitted to the processing unit's module interface and then input to the processing unit. "Sending information / data to… (such as a terminal)" can be understood as the destination of the information being the terminal. It can include sending information / data directly or indirectly to the terminal. "Receiving information / data from… (such as a terminal)" can be understood as the source of the information being the terminal, and can include receiving information / data directly or indirectly from the terminal. Information / data may undergo necessary processing, such as format changes, between the source and destination, but the destination can understand the valid information / data from the source. Similar statements in this application can be understood in a similar way, and will not be repeated here.

[0076] The technical solutions of this application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, 5th Generation (5G) communication systems, satellite communication systems, Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) systems, and the solutions provided in this application can also be applied to future communication systems or other communication systems. This application does not limit these applications.

[0077] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the communication system provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a possible, non-limiting system architecture is shown. (e.g.) Figure 1 As shown, the communication system 100 includes a radio access network (RAN) 10 and a core network (CN) 20. Optionally, the communication system 100 also includes an Internet 30. RAN 10 includes at least one RAN node (e.g., Figure 1 110a and 110b in the above) and at least one terminal (such as Figure 1 RAN10 may also include other RAN nodes, such as wireless relay equipment and / or wireless backhaul equipment. Figure 1 (Not shown in the image). The terminal connects to the RAN node wirelessly. The RAN node connects to the core network 20 wirelessly or via a wired connection. The core network equipment in the core network 20 and the RAN node in the RAN 10 can be different physical devices, or they can be the same physical device integrating core network logical functions and radio access network logical functions.

[0078] RAN 10 can be a cellular system related to the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), such as 4G, 5G mobile communication systems, or future-oriented evolution systems. RAN 10 can also be an open access network (O-RAN or ORAN), a cloud radio access network (CRAN), or a wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) system. RAN 10 can also be a communication system that integrates two or more of the above systems.

[0079] RAN nodes, sometimes also called access network devices, RAN entities, or access nodes, are part of a communication system used to help terminals achieve wireless access. Multiple RAN nodes in communication system 100 can be of the same type or different types. In some scenarios, the roles of RAN nodes and terminals are relative, for example... Figure 1 Network element 120i can be a helicopter or a drone, and it can be configured as a mobile base station. For terminals 120j that access RAN 10 through network element 120i, network element 120i is a base station; however, for base station 110a, network element 120i is a terminal. RAN nodes and terminals are sometimes referred to as communication devices, for example... Figure 1 Network elements 110a and 110b can be understood as communication devices with base station functions, while network elements 120a-120j can be understood as communication devices with terminal functions.

[0080] In one possible scenario, a RAN node can be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), an access point (AP), a transmission reception point (TRP), a next-generation NodeB (gNB), a next-generation base station in a 6G mobile communication system, a base station in a future mobile communication system, or an access node in a WiFi system, etc. Figure 1 110a), micro base stations or indoor stations (such as Figure 1 The RAN node can be a 110b unit, a relay node or donor node, or a radio controller in a CRAN scenario. Optionally, the RAN node can also be a server, wearable device, vehicle, or in-vehicle equipment. For example, the access network equipment in vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technology can be a roadside unit (RSU).

[0081] In another possible scenario, multiple RAN nodes collaborate to assist the terminal in achieving wireless access, with different RAN nodes each implementing a portion of the base station's functions. For example, RAN nodes can be central units (CUs), distributed units (DUs), CU-control plane (CPs), CU-user plane (UPs), or radio units (RUs), etc. CUs and DUs can be set up separately or included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). RUs can be included in radio frequency equipment or radio frequency units, such as remote radio units (RRUs), active antenna units (AAUs), or remote radio heads (RRHs).

[0082] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU, or RU may have different names, but those skilled in the art will understand their meaning. For example, in an ORAN system, CU can also be called O-CU (open CU), DU can also be called O-DU, CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called O-CU-UP, and RU can also be called O-RU. For ease of description, this application uses CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU, and RU as examples. Any of the units among CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU, and RU in this application can be implemented through software modules, hardware modules, or a combination of software modules and hardware modules.

[0083] Terminals can also be called edge devices, user equipment (UE), mobile stations, mobile terminals, etc. Terminals can be widely used in various scenarios, such as device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), the Internet of Things (IoT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grids, smart furniture, smart offices, smart wearables, smart transportation, smart cities, etc. Terminals can be mobile phones, tablets, computers with wireless transceiver capabilities, wearable devices, vehicles, drones, helicopters, airplanes, ships, robots, robotic arms, smart home devices, etc.

[0084] In the embodiments of this application, the terminal and network device can be hardware devices, or software functions running on dedicated hardware, or software functions running on general-purpose hardware, such as virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., cloud platform), or entities that include dedicated or general-purpose hardware devices and software functions. This application does not limit the specific form of the terminal and network device.

[0085] Based on the above description, the communication system used in the communication method provided in this application embodiment will be described below. This communication system may include at least one first communication device and at least one second communication device.

[0086] The first communication device can be a terminal device (e.g., Figure 1 In this embodiment of the application, the terminal device (120a-120j) is, for example, an Internet of Things (IoT) device (such as a tag or sensor), wherein the IoT device is, for example, a passive IoT device (such as a passive tag or passive sensor). Alternatively, the first communication device can be a function deployed on the terminal device.

[0087] The first communication device may be a component of the terminal device (e.g., a processor, circuit, chip, or chip system responsible for communication functions, such as a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a system-on-chip (SoC) chip containing a modem core or a system-in-package (SIP) chip), CPU, GPU, NPU, TPU, AI processor, or application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)). Alternatively, the first communication device may also be a logic module, software, or virtual device capable of implementing all or part of the functions of the terminal device. The software may run on a general-purpose hardware platform or a dedicated hardware platform, or it may run on a public cloud or a private cloud.

[0088] The second communication device can be a network device (e.g., Figure 1 In this embodiment of the application, the network device (access network 10 or core network 20) ​​is, for example, a base station or a reader / writer. Alternatively, the second communication device can be a function deployed on the network device.

[0089] The second communication device can be a component of a network device (such as a processor, circuit, chip, or chip system responsible for communication functions, for example, a modem chip, also known as a baseband chip, or a system-on-chip (SoC) chip or system-in-package (SIP) chip containing a modem core), a CPU, GPU, NPU, TPU, AI processor, or application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC)). Alternatively, the second communication device can also be a logic module, software, or virtual device that can implement all or part of the functions of the network device. The software can run on a general-purpose hardware platform or a dedicated hardware platform, or it can run on a public cloud or a private cloud.

[0090] As an example, a network element can also be called a network function, a network function instance, or a function. Furthermore, a network element can be a network function entity, such as a physical entity within a hardware device. Alternatively, a network element can be a software instance running on dedicated hardware, a virtualized function instantiated on a shared platform (e.g., a cloud platform), or a logical network element; there are no limitations on this.

[0091] To better understand the technical solution of this application, the technical background involved in this application will be explained below.

[0092] With the evolution of 5G-Advanced (5G-A) and the commencement of 6G research, passive IoT is considered a key technology for realizing the vision of hundreds of billions of connections. Passive IoT refers to IoT devices (such as sensors and tags) that do not carry batteries or power sources themselves, but instead capture energy from the environment to power their operation and communicate with the network. An example of passive IoT is Ambient IoT.

[0093] Compared to traditional Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems, cellular passive IoT aims to integrate battery-free, extremely low-cost terminal nodes directly into mobile communication networks, thereby enabling asset tracking, environmental monitoring, and smart logistics with wide-area coverage.

[0094] In the 19th release (Rel-19) phase of the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), the standards work mainly focused on the basic reader-to-tag link, establishing a communication mode based on reader control.

[0095] The 3GPP Rel-19 standard specification for passive Internet of Things (IoT) defines the basic physical layer interaction process between readers / nodes and tags. In this interaction process, the core downlink physical signal is defined as the Reader-Tag Activation Signal (R-TAS). The R-TAS is a specific sequence sent by the reader and primarily performs two physical layer functions:

[0096] One aspect is radio frequency (RF) power supply: R-TAS provides continuous RF power to passive tags, which are converted into DC power by a rectifier circuit to activate internal logic circuits.

[0097] Another aspect is initial framing: R-TAS serves as a preamble for the downlink, providing the tag with an initial time synchronization reference. By detecting R-TAS, the tag can identify the start boundary of subsequently received control commands or data frames, achieving timing alignment.

[0098] The reader typically sends an R-TAS at the beginning of a polling cycle. After detecting the R-TAS and accumulating energy, the tag enters a ready state, waiting to receive subsequent instructions or perform backscattering within a predetermined timeframe. Backscattering refers to the device communicating by reflecting and modulating external radio frequency signals, rather than actively generating and transmitting a new radio frequency signal.

[0099] However, in the 20th release (Rel-20) phase, to meet the more complex needs of industrial and consumer applications, two types of uplink traffic were introduced. This marks a leap for passive IoT from passive identification to proactive sensing and massive concurrency. These two types of uplink traffic are described below.

[0100] Category 1: Device-Originated Acknowledged traffic (DO-A):

[0101] In scenarios such as industrial safety monitoring and cold chain transportation, passive tags with integrated sensing functions (such as temperature, humidity, and vibration sensors) no longer passively wait for readers to poll them, but instead have the ability to report anomalies immediately. For example, when goods are dropped or the temperature exceeds the standard, the sensor can actively wake up and send alarm data to the network (within milliseconds). This sudden, unscheduled uplink traffic breaks the traditional question-and-answer interaction paradigm of RFID.

[0102] Category 2: Massive inventory traffic:

[0103] In large-scale warehousing and logistics centers, readers often need to identify hundreds or thousands of tags within their coverage area in a very short time. This requires the system to have extremely high throughput and collision avoidance efficiency to cope with the challenge of ultra-high density of concurrent access.

[0104] In this embodiment of the application, inventory refers to the process by which the reader and writer quickly and automatically identify the tags within the coverage area through wireless communication, thereby generating a complete electronic list of items.

[0105] The current communication protocol has design flaws that prevent it from effectively supporting the efficient coexistence of the two types of uplink traffic described above. The following is a further analysis of these flaws.

[0106] 1. For DO-A traffic

[0107] The R-TAS signal is primarily used to provide power to the tag and for initial framing, but it is not designed as a continuous synchronization reference with control information.

[0108] For devices that need to transmit DO-A traffic, when multiple devices are triggered simultaneously by external events (such as a box of goods falling and dozens of sensors inside the box alarming at the same time), due to the lack of a unified timing reference and access permission indication from the base station, these devices do not know when it is safe to transmit. They can only blindly compete for the channel based on their own wake-up time, resulting in severe signal collisions and increased noise floor. This disorderly competition not only leads to the loss of alarm information (decrease in reliability), but also triggers a chain of retransmission attempts, further deteriorating the channel environment and forming a catastrophic "traffic avalanche" effect.

[0109] You can refer to Figure 2 To understand, Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the data transmission scenario provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1 .

[0110] For example, multiple passive tags can be set up for monitoring objects that require status monitoring, such as tag 1, tag 2, tag 3, etc. as shown in the figure. When a passive tag detects a preset event, the passive tag can actively send a notification message to the base station.

[0111] For example, if the monitoring object is multiple goods placed on a pallet, at least one passive tag can be set for each goods to monitor the status of the goods. A preset event could be, for example, a goods falling (detected by the passive tag through changes in location information and gyroscope data). When the passive tag detects a goods falling, it can report this information to the base station.

[0112] However, passive tags typically send a notification message to the base station after detecting a preset event. When multiple passive tags detect the preset event, they may simultaneously send notification messages to the base station. For example... Figure 2 As shown, for example, tags 1, 2, and 3 all need to report information to the base station. At this time, tags 1, 2, and 3 will compete for channel space, leading to the technical problems described above.

[0113] 2. Regarding inventory flow

[0114] You can refer to Figure 3 Understanding inventory flow Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the data transmission scenario provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 .

[0115] like Figure 3 As shown, when there is a need for inventory management, the reader can send an inventory management command via broadcast. Passive tags within the reader's communication range will be activated by the radio frequency energy that sent the inventory management command, thereby receiving the command. The passive tags will then send a response message to the reader, which may include the tag's own ID.

[0116] After receiving a response message from a passive tag, the reader parses it to obtain the tag's ID. The reader then adds the successfully identified IDs to a dynamic list. This process continues until the reader no longer receives new valid responses within a specific time period, or a preset number of polling iterations is completed. Finally, the reader generates a list containing all identified tag IDs.

[0117] exist Figure 3 In the example, if there are tags 1 to 20 labeled 1, 2, 3, ..., 20 within the coverage area of ​​the reader, all 20 tags will send response messages to the reader. The simultaneous sending of response messages by multiple tags will lead to a serious signal collision problem.

[0118] To address tag collision prevention, one implementation employs a dynamic slotted ALOHA (Additive Links On-line Hawaii Area Protocol) mechanism based on the Q-algorithm. Its core logic is that the reader, based on the current collision situation, explicitly notifies the tag to adjust its access window size by sending higher-layer signaling containing parameters (such as the Q-value). This implementation is described below.

[0119] Three commands can be defined for collision avoidance: Query, QueryAdjust, and QueryRep.

[0120] The reader can broadcast a Query command, which explicitly carries an integer parameter Q (range 0-15). This parameter indicates the length of the access frame (e.g., the total number of time slots N), calculated using the following formula: .

[0121] After receiving the Query command, the tag decodes the Q value. Then, the tag generates a... A random integer within the range is generated and loaded into the internal "time slot counter," meaning the generated random integer is used as the time slot counter for the tag.

[0122] For the tag, if the time slot counter is 0, the tag immediately replies to the reader with a 16-bit random number (Random Number16, RN16), which is generated by the tag. If the time slot counter is not 0, the tag enters a waiting state.

[0123] In addition, the reader continuously broadcasts QueryRep commands, which can also be understood as time slot advance commands. Each time a tag receives a QueryRep command, it decrements its time slot counter by 1. When the time slot counter reaches 0, the tag sends RN16.

[0124] The reader also detects signal collisions, for example, by performing collision detection based on the number of received RN16s. If the reader correctly receives an RN16 (meaning there is only one tag response in that time slot and no collision), the reader will send an ACK (acknowledgment) command, including the received RN16 as a parameter in the ACK command.

[0125] After receiving an ACK command, if the RN16 generated by the tag matches the RN16 contained in the ACK command, the tag can determine that the ACK command was sent to it. The tag can send its own ID to the reader to report its identity information.

[0126] However, if the reader detects too many collisions (e.g., multiple RN16 transmissions within a single time slot), it sends a QueryAdjust command. This command explicitly instructs the tag to increase its Q value (e.g., Q←Q+1), thus doubling the frame length for the next round. This allows the tag to repeat the operations described above, enabling the transmission of RN16 and response data over a wider range of time slots, thereby reducing the occurrence of collisions.

[0127] The method described above can alleviate the signal collision problem to some extent, but this mechanism suffers from excessive signaling interaction overhead. This is because, in the implementation described above, each parameter adjustment requires going through a complete closed loop: "reader sends command -> tag decodes command -> tag adjusts state -> tag retransmits".

[0128] For passive tags with limited computing power and energy, frequent decoding of downlink signaling consumes valuable energy. More importantly, under high dynamic loads (such as drastic fluctuations in the number of tags on a conveyor belt), this "handshake" adjustment speed is too slow to track load changes in real time, resulting in a significant reduction in inventory efficiency.

[0129] Furthermore, current solutions for DO-A (typically considered as random access RACH) and disk storage (typically considered as controlled polling) are often fragmented. The system may need to maintain two different physical layer processes and state machines for this purpose, which greatly increases the circuit area and power consumption cost of passive chips, hindering the minimalist design of chips.

[0130] To address the problems described above, this application proposes a communication method in which a second communication device can send an indication sequence to a first communication device based on the channel load status, indicating a time window of a specific length. The heavier the channel load, the longer the corresponding time window. The first communication device can then perform hashing within this time window and send information within the specified time units. This allows for channel-state-based scheduling of data transmission by the first communication device within a certain time window, thereby reducing the probability of signal collisions.

[0131] The communication method provided in this application will be described below with reference to specific embodiments. Figure 4 Signaling interaction diagram of the communication method provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0132] like Figure 4 As shown, the method includes:

[0133] S401. The second communication device sends an indication sequence to the first communication device. The indication sequence is used to indicate information of the first time window. The indication sequence includes a first type of symbol and a second type of symbol. Multiple subcarriers allocated in the time domain of the first type of symbol are loaded with in-phase signals, while multiple subcarriers allocated in the time domain of the second type of symbol do not transmit signals.

[0134] In this embodiment, the second communication device can be a base station or a reader / writer, and the first communication device can be a passive IoT device, such as a passive tag or a passive sensor.

[0135] The second communication device can send an indication sequence to the first communication device. The indication sequence in this embodiment includes a first type of symbol and a second type of symbol, wherein the symbol can be an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol.

[0136] Multiple subcarriers allocated within the time domain of the first type of symbol are loaded with in-phase signals (such as 1+0j, representing that the phase is 0° and the amplitude is the same), which can achieve the formation of high-power spikes in the time domain. The first type of symbol can also be represented as binary "1".

[0137] In the second type of symbol, multiple subcarriers allocated in the time domain are not loaded with signals, or can be described as not transmitting signals, to form a low-power silence period in the time domain of that symbol. The second type of symbol can also be represented as binary "0".

[0138] Reference Figure 5 understand, Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a first time window provided for an embodiment of this application.

[0139] The indicator sequence may include multiple symbols, any one of which may be a first-class symbol or a second-class symbol. Figure 5 The indicated sequence can be represented as "1110010", where 1 represents the first type of symbol and 0 represents the second type of symbol.

[0140] It is important to understand that the “load signal” and “transmit signal” mentioned above are both behaviors of the second communication device. The second communication device can control whether the OFDM symbol forms a pulse by configuring whether to load the signal on multiple subcarriers allocated in the time domain of the OFDM symbol, thereby forming an indication sequence composed of the first type of symbol and the second type of symbol.

[0141] During the process of receiving the indication sequence sent by the second communication device, the first communication device can receive the radio frequency signal sent by the second communication device, and then obtain the indication sequence by detecting the signal amplitude of the radio frequency signal. For example, if the signal amplitude is greater than a first amplitude, it can be determined that a first type of symbol has been obtained. If the signal amplitude is less than a second amplitude, it can be determined that a second type of symbol has been obtained. In this way, the received radio frequency signal can be restored to the indication sequence.

[0142] In the embodiments of this application, the indication sequence may implicitly contain information indicating the first time window. For example, different sequences mapping time window information can be predefined between the first communication device and the second communication device. In this way, the indication sequence does not need to contain actual parameter values, but can indicate the information of the first time window through binary 1s and 0s.

[0143] In this implementation, the indication sequence is transmitted directly via physical layer radio frequency signals, without needing to carry parameters with specific meanings. Compared to methods that require transmitting specific parameters via higher-layer signaling, this implementation effectively saves signaling overhead.

[0144] In one implementation, the information of the first time window may include the number of time units contained within the first time window. A time unit can be a micro-slot, time slot, subframe, frame, etc., and the specific implementation of the time unit is not limited in this application embodiment. For example, in... Figure 5 In the example, the indicator sequence "1110010" implicitly indicates that the number of time units contained in the first time window is 4. Taking a time unit as a time slot as an example, refer to... Figure 5 This allows us to determine the first time window that includes time slots 1, 2, 3, and 4.

[0145] The information of the first time window indicated by the indication sequence may also include the start time of the first time window. Based on the start time of the first time window and the number of time units contained in the first time window, the first communication device can determine the specific location of the first time window.

[0146] Alternatively, the start time of the first time window can be determined in advance by the first communication device and the second communication device through negotiation. In this way, the start time of the first time window can be determined by the first communication device itself without the need for the indication of the indication sequence.

[0147] For example, the starting time of the first time window can be a first moment plus a first offset moment, where the first moment is the moment when the last symbol of the indication sequence is received. That is, the first communication device can determine the starting time of the first time window as the time corresponding to the duration indicated by the first offset from the moment the last symbol of the indication sequence is received. Here, the first offset is an offset value in the duration dimension, and the unit can be milliseconds (or seconds, minutes, or other time units), or the unit can also be a symbol (or a time unit such as a time slot or microtime slot).

[0148] Reference Figure 5 t1 is the time when the last symbol of the instruction sequence is received. S in the figure represents the first offset. Then, t2, which is the time corresponding to the first offset S after t1, is the start time of the first time window.

[0149] The second communication device can send an instruction sequence to multiple first communication devices. The multiple first communication devices determine the start time of the first time window respectively according to the method described above. In the case where multiple first communication devices are awakened by the same first signal, this method allows the multiple first communication devices to determine a unified start time of the first time window. For example, in... Figure 5 In the example, multiple first communication devices will use time t2 as the start time of the first time window to ensure that the timing of the multiple first communication devices is aligned. This implementation, where the first communication device determines the start time of the first time window itself, also saves the amount of information that the indication sequence needs to carry, thereby saving signaling overhead.

[0150] In another implementation, the information of the first time window indicated by the sequence may include, for example, the start time position and end time position of the first time window. This implementation makes it easier for the first communication device to determine the first time window simply and effectively.

[0151] The embodiments of this application do not limit the specific implementation of the information of the first time window indicated by the indication sequence, as long as the information of the first time window can enable the first communication device to determine the first time window.

[0152] S402, the first communication device sends the first information to the second communication device in the first time unit of the first time window.

[0153] The first communication device can determine a first time window based on an indication sequence, and the first time window includes multiple time units. Then, the first communication device can determine a first time unit within the first time window and send first information on the first time unit. The first information is information sent by the first communication device to the second communication device. In different application scenarios, the first information can be implemented differently.

[0154] In one implementation, the first communication device may determine the first time unit within a first time window based on a first index. Alternatively, the first communication device may also randomly determine the first time unit within the first time window; this embodiment does not limit the implementation of determining the first time unit.

[0155] For multiple first communication devices, each first communication device determines its own corresponding first time unit in the first time window. In this way, multiple first communication devices can send first information in their respective corresponding first time units to reduce the probability of collision.

[0156] In this embodiment, a first communication device sends an indication sequence to a second communication device to indicate a first time window. When multiple second communication devices need to send information to the first communication device, each device can determine its corresponding first time unit within the first time window. The second communication device then sends first information within that first time unit, enabling the first communication device to determine when to send information and avoiding signal collisions caused by multiple devices blindly vying for channel space. Furthermore, the indication sequence in this embodiment is specifically composed of first-type symbols and second-type symbols. The subcarriers allocated within the time domain of the first-type symbols have signal transmission, while the subcarriers allocated within the time domain of the second-type symbols do not. This allows the indication sequence to consist of binary 0s and 1s, implicitly indicating the first time window without carrying specific parameters, thus avoiding the overhead of transmitting and parsing higher-layer signaling.

[0157] Based on the above description, the communication method provided in this application embodiment will be described in stages below, taking into account the operations that the first communication device and the second communication device need to perform at different stages.

[0158] Phase 1: Predefined sequence set

[0159] To implement the above-described scheme, the first communication device and the second communication device need information about the first time window implicitly indicated by a predefined sequence. The relevant implementation of the predefined sequence is described below.

[0160] In one implementation, a predefined set of sequences can be defined, which may include multiple sequences, each of which may indicate information about a different time window. For example, the information about a time window may be the number of time units contained within that window.

[0161] Furthermore, the sequence can also indicate the load status of the channel between the first communication device and the second communication device.

[0162] For example, the sequence set includes a first sequence, a second sequence, and a third sequence.

[0163] These three sequences can correspond to three different load states. For example, the first sequence indicates a channel with a lighter load state than the second sequence, and the second sequence indicates a channel with a lighter load state than the third sequence.

[0164] The channel load state indicated by the first sequence can be understood as a light load state, the channel load state indicated by the second sequence can be understood as a medium load state, and the channel load state indicated by the third sequence can be understood as a heavy load state. In other words, the load states referred to by these three sequences increase sequentially from the first sequence to the third sequence.

[0165] Corresponding to the three different load states indicated by the three sequences, the number of time units contained in the time windows indicated by these three sequences also differs. For example, the first sequence indicates a time window containing fewer time units than the second sequence, and the second sequence indicates a time window containing fewer time units than the third sequence.

[0166] In other words, as the channel load increases, more time units can be configured so that the first communication device can perform hashing at more time points, thereby selecting the appropriate time unit to send the first information and reducing the probability of signal collisions.

[0167] The following is combined Figure 6 The specific design of the first, second, and third sequences, as well as the information implied, are described exemplarily. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation of the sequence set in an embodiment of this application.

[0168] First sequence: can be understood as a light-load indicator sequence (e.g., represented as...) )

[0169] The time-domain pattern of the first sequence (which can be understood as the pattern exhibited by the first sequence in the time domain) can be represented as a binary code [1,1,1,0,0,1,0], where 1 represents a first-class symbol and 0 represents a second-class symbol. In this design, the energy of the first sequence is concentrated at the beginning of the sequence, specifically using a leader-dense structure.

[0170] In one implementation, the first sequence is used to implicitly indicate that the number of time units contained within the time window is equal to 4. For example, a time unit is a time slot, which can be represented as a number. =4.

[0171] The first sequence can provide synchronization on the one hand, and inform the first communication device that the current channel is in a light-load state (a light-load state means that the channel is under light load, such as the channel is extremely idle) on the other hand, allowing the first communication device to initiate transmission at high speed within 4 time units (such as time slots or micro-time slots) after the synchronization is detected.

[0172] The first communication device detects synchronization, which is the implementation of the first communication device determining the start time of the first time window as described above, and will not be repeated here. In other words, when the first communication device receives the first sequence, it can send the first information within four time units after the start time (that is, the first time window).

[0173] The second sequence can be understood as the mid-load indicator sequence (e.g., represented as...). )

[0174] The time-domain pattern of the second sequence can be represented as a binary code [1,0,1,1,0,0,1]. In this design, the energy of the second sequence is relatively discrete in the time domain.

[0175] In one implementation, the second sequence is used to implicitly indicate that the number of time units contained within the time window is equal to 16. For example, time units are time slots, which can be represented as a number. =16.

[0176] The second sequence can provide synchronization and also inform the first communication device that the current channel is in a moderate load state (moderate load state refers to a moderate channel load). This allows the first communication device to perform hashing within 16 time units (such as time slots or micro-time slots) after detecting synchronization to determine the first time unit, and then send the first information in the first time unit. The understanding of synchronization is similar to that described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0177] The third sequence: can be understood as the overload indicator sequence (e.g., represented as...). )

[0178] The time-domain pattern of the third sequence can be represented as a binary code [1,0,0,1,0,1,1]. In this design, the third sequence adopts a sparse, long-span structure.

[0179] In one implementation, the third sequence is used to implicitly indicate that the number of time units contained within the time window is equal to 64. For example, time units are time slots, which can be represented as a number. =64.

[0180] The third sequence can provide synchronization and also inform the first communication device that the current channel is under heavy load (heavy load means the channel is heavily loaded, such as when the current channel is congested or has high interference). It requires the first communication device to perform hashing within 64 time units (such as time slots or micro-time slots) after detecting synchronization to determine the first time unit, and then send the first information within that first time unit. The understanding of synchronization is similar to that described above and will not be repeated here.

[0181] As can be understood from the above introduction, these three sequences correspond to three different channel load states. The heavier the channel load, the more time units indicated by the sequence. This allows for adaptive configuration of the length of the first time window based on the channel load state, thereby reducing the probability of signal collisions.

[0182] It is also important to understand that the time-domain plot designs of the three sequences described above are merely illustrative, and the number of time units implicitly indicated by these three sequences is only one possible implementation. In actual implementation, the specific design of the time-domain plots of the sequences and the number of time units implicitly indicated by the sequences can be set according to actual needs. Furthermore, the number of sequences included in the sequence set can also be adaptively set according to actual needs; the three sequences described above represent only one possible implementation. Moreover, the above description uses a sequence containing 7 symbols as an example; in actual implementation, the number of symbols included in the sequence can be determined according to actual needs.

[0183] In one implementation, the distribution of pulse positions (i.e., the positions corresponding to 1) in the time domain of each sequence in the sequence set can be set to be significantly different to ensure low cross-correlation between the sequences. Based on this, the specific design of each sequence can be set according to actual needs.

[0184] The above describes the mapping relationship between the number of sequences in the sequence set and the number of time units contained in the time window. In one implementation, for example, the mapping relationship described above can be pre-stored in the first communication device and the second communication device. For example, the following mapping table can be stored:

[0185]

[0186] The mapping table may also contain other content, such as the sequence ID, the time-domain pattern of the sequence, the load state indicated by the sequence, etc. The embodiments of this application do not limit the design of the content contained in the mapping table.

[0187] The mapping table can be permanently stored in a second network device (e.g., the scheduling unit of a network device) and a first network device (e.g., the read-only memory (ROM) of a terminal device). This eliminates the need for Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling negotiation via the air interface, thus enabling parameter configuration with lower signaling overhead.

[0188] The predefined and preconfigured operations described above can be performed during the system initialization or network planning phase of the communication device to establish an implicit mapping relationship between the physical layer radio frequency signals and access control parameters (such as information of the first time window).

[0189] Phase Two: The second communication device performs sensing and decision-making.

[0190] As described above, multiple sequences can be defined in the sequence set, and different sequences indicate different channel load states. Therefore, in this embodiment, the second communication device can dynamically decide which sequence in the sequence set to use based on the channel load state.

[0191] In one implementation, a first signal may be defined in this application embodiment. The first signal is used to transmit the indication sequence described above, or it can be understood that the first signal is equivalent to the indication sequence described above. The first signal can be described as a reader-to-device synchronization signal (R2D-SS), or the specific name of the first signal can be set according to actual needs.

[0192] The second communication device can periodically transmit the first signal. For example, the second communication device can configure the period of the first signal (which can be described as ss-Periodicity, e.g., 100ms) by broadcasting system information (such as the Master Information Block (MIB) / System Information Block (SIB)). The second communication device can also configure the common time-frequency resource bits (doa-ResourceConfig) for DO-A transmission. These common time-frequency resource bits indicate the time-domain resource location for DO-A transmission; they are common resources, meaning that multiple first communication devices can transmit information at this time-domain resource location.

[0193] In each transmission cycle of the first signal Before 100ms has elapsed, the second communication device does not blindly send periodic transmissions, but instead executes the following processing logic:

[0194] Step 1: Launch the Perception Window ( )

[0195] At the moment of sending the first signal Previously, the second communication device could open the sensing window. Taking a base station as an example, the base station's MAC layer scheduler can, for instance, during transmission... Previously, a tiny silent sensing window was inserted. The duration of the perception window can be OFDM symbols, approximately .

[0196] Within the sensing window, the second communication device can shut down the downlink power amplifier to ensure that its own transmission leakage does not interfere with the measurement. That is, within the sensing window, the second communication device will pause downlink transmission and switch the RF link to receive mode. Furthermore, the second communication device can also switch the low-noise amplifier (LNA) of the RF front end to high-sensitivity receive mode.

[0197] Furthermore, frequency domain filtering can be performed. For example, the baseband processing unit can only extract the frequency band data corresponding to a specific resource block (RB) allocated to the uplink passive access. In other words, the second communication device does not measure the entire system bandwidth, but only the energy level on a specific time-frequency resource pool configured for the first communication device. This accurately reflects whether the channel between the first and second communication devices is congested, rather than general external interference. This avoids irrelevant signals interfering with subsequent measurements, improving measurement accuracy.

[0198] Step 2: Interference over Thermal Noise (IoT) Measurement

[0199] The second communication device can perform power integration on the received signal within the sensing window to calculate the channel interference level for the previous cycle. If the second communication device is a base station, the channel interference level can be calculated, for example, by the physical layer of the base station.

[0200] In one implementation, to eliminate the influence of background noise, the interference thermal-to-noise ratio can be used as an indicator to quantify the interference level of the channel.

[0201]

[0202] in, The interference thermal noise ratio is obtained from channel measurements, in units of... (decibel), This refers to the received power obtained from channel measurements (e.g., the average or total received power of a resource block used to transmit the first information). A thermal noise substrate for system pre-calibration can be obtained, for example, by measuring the received power in an idle frequency band, thereby obtaining the power of a substrate that reflects the thermal noise of the environment.

[0203] The interference thermal-to-noise ratio (TDR) reflects the residual energy in the channel. A high TDR indicates a severe signal collision occurred during the previous access period (e.g., energy superposition caused by interference from multiple devices operating on the same frequency), or the presence of a strong external interference source.

[0204] Step 3: The sequence used for decision-making

[0205] The second communication device can be based on the measured value of the interference thermal noise ratio. Combining dual thresholds (first threshold) Second threshold This determines which sequence from the sequence set to use within the specific current period. The second threshold is greater than the first threshold; for example, if the first threshold is... The second threshold is The specific settings for the first and second thresholds can be configured according to actual needs.

[0206] You can refer to Figure 7 To understand, Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation of the selection sequence provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0207] The measured value of the interference thermal noise ratio In this case, it can be understood that the current channel is relatively clean with little residual energy, which means that no or very few devices are trying to connect, or the connection is very smooth and collision-free.

[0208] The second communication device can select the first sequence ( ) as an indication sequence to indicate that the first communication device within a shorter first time window (e.g. =4) Send the first message to shorten the information transmission delay.

[0209] The measured value of the interference thermal noise ratio When the following conditions are met It can be understood that there are obvious signal fluctuations in the current channel, indicating that there is regular equipment activity and the collision level is within the system's tolerance range (forward error correction (FEC) can correct errors).

[0210] The second communication device can select a second sequence ( ) as an indication sequence to indicate that the first communication device is within a first time window of appropriate length ( =16) Send the first message to balance delay and collision.

[0211] The measured value of the interference thermal noise ratio > In such cases, it can be understood that the current channel is relatively noisy, and there may be a large number of devices (such as sensors sending alarms in groups or a large number of tags responding at the same time) experiencing severe physical layer collisions on the channel, resulting in signal aliasing and accumulation.

[0212] The second communication device can select a third sequence ( ) as an indication sequence to indicate that the first communication device is within a longer first time window (e.g. =64) Send the first message to dilute the flow density and prevent continuous collisions from causing system failure.

[0213] In this way, the indication sequence can be adaptively selected based on the channel load status, so that the number of time units indicated by the indication sequence can be adapted to the current channel load status. It can also be understood that since the second communication device periodically transmits the first signal (i.e., periodically transmits the indication sequence), it dynamically adjusts the applied indication sequence in the current period based on the detected interference level of the channel in the previous period. This allows for dynamic adjustment of the length of the time window configured for the first communication device according to the actual channel load, thereby reducing the probability of collisions and shortening the information transmission delay when the channel load is light.

[0214] Furthermore, to prevent frequent channel state transitions at critical points, the second communication device can introduce a state maintenance timer (Thold) to maintain the selected indication sequence for at least the duration indicated by Thold. For example, if a third sequence is selected as the indication sequence, and Thold is the duration corresponding to K (e.g., 5) cycles (the transmission cycle of the first signal), then within 5 cycles after configuring the third sequence as the indication sequence, even if a temporary decrease in channel interference is detected, the second or first sequence will not be immediately switched to ensure that the backlog of burst traffic can be effectively absorbed.

[0215] Phase 3: The second communication device generates and sends the sequence, and the first communication device receives the sequence.

[0216] After the second communication device decides to use a certain sequence, it calls the corresponding sequence generator to generate the corresponding instruction sequence.

[0217] For example, if the decision uses the first sequence, the second communication device can load the I / Q data corresponding to [1,1,1,0,0,1,0]. The I / Q data undergoes an Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) and is then prefixed with a Cyclic Prefix (CP) to form a radio frequency (RF) signal, which is then transmitted via the RF link. The transmitted RF signal here can be understood as the first signal R2D-SS described above; transmitting the first signal is equivalent to transmitting the indication sequence.

[0218] The transmit power must meet the rectification efficiency requirements of passive devices at the coverage edge (e.g., -20dBm).

[0219] The first communication device in this embodiment can be a passive IoT device. To adapt to the minimalist receiver architecture of passive IoT devices (typically a diode-based envelope detector), the first signal R2D-SS in this embodiment does not employ complex phase modulation (such as Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying (QPSK) / Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM)), but instead uses OFDM symbol patterns based on Amplitude-Shift Keying (ASK) or On-Off Keying (OOK) styles. In other words, the first signal specifically contains symbols representing 1 and 0.

[0220] In one implementation, the signal generated by the second communication device can be represented as:

[0221]

[0222] in, The radio frequency signal to be transmitted, generated for the second communication device, is specifically a time-continuous baseband signal used to transmit an indication sequence. M is the total number of OFDM symbols contained in the indication sequence (e.g., M=7). The period (or duration) of a single OFDM symbol. For forming pulses, is the amplitude weighting coefficient for the k-th symbol.

[0223] in The value can be 1 or 0.

[0224] when When =1, the second communication device can load in-phase signals on multiple subcarriers allocated within the time domain of the symbol to form high-power spikes within the time domain of the symbol, thereby generating the first type of symbol described in the above embodiments.

[0225] when When =0, the second communication device performs discontinuous transmission (DTX) on multiple subcarriers allocated within the covered time domain, that is, it does not transmit signals on the subcarriers, so as to form a low-power silence period within the time domain of the symbol, in order to generate the second type of symbol described in the above embodiments.

[0226] After the second communication device sends the instruction sequence, the first communication device needs to receive and parse the instruction sequence. This part is explained below.

[0227] The first communication device can be in a low-power standby state, and its receiving link does not include a high-power analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and digital signal processor (DSP) decoding module, but is implemented using analog circuits.

[0228] The radio frequency signal transmitted by the second communication device passes through the rectifier circuit of the first communication device. This serves two purposes: firstly, it charges the capacitor of the first communication device, enabling it to function as a communication device; secondly, the first communication device can also output a separate signal to an envelope detector to extract the baseband amplitude envelope from the radio frequency signal. .

[0229] Then, the first communication device can By comparing with a threshold, the binary pulse sequence, also known as the indicator sequence, is recovered. For example, in If the value is greater than the threshold, it can be determined that the first type of symbol has been obtained. If the value is less than the threshold, it can be determined that a second type of symbol has been obtained, and the indicator sequence can be recovered based on this method.

[0230] As described above, the first communication device can store a mapping table containing multiple sequences from the sequence set. The first communication device can match the indication sequence (using a finite state machine (FSM) or a low-power correlator) to determine which specific sequence in the sequence set the current indication sequence belongs to.

[0231] In one implementation, the first communication device can maintain three sliding windows. Then, it performs an XOR or OR operation with locally stored first, second, and third sequences based on these three sliding windows to determine which sequence in the sequence set the specific indication sequence matches. After determining the matching sequence, the number of time units contained in the first time window can be obtained based on a mapping table. For example, the obtained number of time units can be loaded into an internal register.

[0232] For example, in indicating sequence matching In some cases, parameters can be loaded into internal registers. =4. Indicating sequence matching. In some cases, parameters can be loaded into internal registers. =16. Indicating sequence matching. In some cases, parameters can be loaded into internal registers. =64.

[0233] Furthermore, to eliminate time deviations caused by different sequence lengths or pulse positions, it can be stipulated that for any indicator sequence, the falling edge of the last symbol (i.e., the first moment mentioned above) can be used as a unified logical time zero point. In the case where multiple first communication devices are awakened by the same first signal, these devices can calibrate their local clocks at this moment to ensure strict alignment of subsequent time slot divisions.

[0234] Fourth stage: The first communication device hashes within the first time window to determine the first time unit for sending the first information.

[0235] In one implementation, the first communication device can determine the first time unit within a first time window based on a first index. For example, if the first time window contains N time units, to ensure that the first time unit can be uniquely determined based on the first index, the value range of the first index can be set to 1 to N. Thus, based on the first index, the time unit indicated by the first index within the first time window can be directly determined as the first time unit.

[0236] Therefore, we can use the first parameter to perform modulo operation on N to ensure that the determined first index is an integer within the range of 1 to N. This can be expressed as: ,in As the first parameter, This is the first index.

[0237] And, the first communication device determines the transmission time of the first signal. The method can be understood by referring to the following formula:

[0238]

[0239] in, The first offset, as described above, is a fixed system turnaround time (e.g., 1ms), which allows time for the first communication device to start the crystal oscillator and switch between transmission and reception. For the first moment described above, The length of a time unit (e.g., a micro-timeslot), where This can be understood as choosing the first Each micro-time unit is used as the first time unit.

[0240] To support the business scenarios corresponding to the two types of uplink traffic described above, this embodiment of the application can define different first parameters for the two business scenarios respectively. Acquisition strategy.

[0241] One business scenario: targeting DO-A traffic

[0242] In this business scenario, because of the occurrence of a preset event, this business has a relatively high priority, and the second communication device also needs to identify which specific first communication device reported the preset event for subsequent retransmission. Therefore, in one implementation, the first parameter can be set as the address information of the first communication device. For example, the inherent hardware address of the first communication device (such as the lower 16 bits of the Media Access Control (MAC) address or the Radio Network Temporary Identifier (RNTI)) can be used as the first parameter.

[0243] This ensures that the second communication device is configured under the following load conditions (e.g., =16), a specific first communication device is always mapped to a fixed time unit. This allows the second communication device to establish a mapping table of "time unit - first communication device".

[0244] For example, you can refer to Figure 8 To understand, Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the implementation of determining the first time unit according to an embodiment of this application.

[0245] Suppose there are three tags, Tag 1, Tag 2, and Tag 3, that need to send data to a second communication device. After making a decision, the second communication device sends an indication sequence to these three tags, with the indication sequence indicating four time units (e.g., time slots). Then, these three tags need to hash across these four time slots, meaning they need to determine their respective first time units within these four time slots, and then send their first information within those determined first time units.

[0246] For example, if tag a determines the first index to be 1 based on the method described above, then tag a can determine time slot 1 as the selected first time unit. Tag a then transmits the first information in time slot 1.

[0247] Tag b determines the first index to be 2 based on the method described above, so tag b can select time slot 2 as the first time unit. Then tag b sends the first information in time slot 1.

[0248] Tag c determines the first index to be 4 based on the method described above, so tag c can select time slot 4 as the first time unit. Then tag c sends the first information in time slot 4.

[0249] The second communication device can, for example, establish a mapping table as follows:

[0250]

[0251] In this way, when the second communication device receives data at a certain time unit, if the Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) verification is successful, the second communication device can quickly confirm that it has received information sent by a specific first communication device. If the CRC verification fails, the second communication device can also quickly confirm that the information transmission of a specific first communication device has failed, and can handle it specifically in subsequent scheduling.

[0252] For example, if the second communication device receives data in time slot 1 and the CRC check of the data is successful, then the second communication device can determine that it has received the information sent by tag a. As another example, if the second communication device receives data in time slot 4, but the CRC check of the data fails, then the second communication device can determine that the information sent by tag c has failed to be transmitted. The second communication device can then perform targeted scheduling for tag c to facilitate data retransmission.

[0253] In this implementation, the first communication device can directly read the local address information and perform modulo operations to obtain the first index, resulting in low processing latency. In actual implementation, the address information can be implemented in other ways besides those described above, as long as it can represent the address of the first communication device.

[0254] It is also necessary to understand that the above describes "the load state configured in the second communication device (such as...)". =16), a specific first communication device is always mapped to a fixed time unit. If multiple communication devices are mapped to the same time unit, a signal collision will occur. In this case, the second communication device will detect high levels of interference thermal noise and will then configure a longer time window in the next cycle by specifying the sequence (e.g., configuring...). =64), so that multiple communication devices can hash over a longer time window, avoiding the situation where multiple communication devices are mapped to the same time unit, and reducing the probability of signal collisions.

[0255] In the current business scenario, the first information sent by the first communication device can be used to indicate the first event. The first time can be an event that the first communication device needs to monitor, such as cargo falling, temperature change, humidity change, etc.

[0256] Another business scenario: targeting massive inventory traffic.

[0257] This business scenario is characterized by massive concurrency requirements, with the primary goal of collision avoidance and no concern for specific timing. Therefore, in one implementation, the first parameter can be set to a random number generated by the random number generator inside the first communication device, such as a 16-bit random number (RN16).

[0258] The following section introduces the collision avoidance process in this business scenario.

[0259] Suppose that the second communication device sends a second sequence to multiple first communication devices. ( =16). Multiple first communication devices may include tag a and tag b.

[0260] For example, tag a generates a random number of 18, and tag b generates a random number of 34. Based on the implementation described above, the first index calculated by tag a would be 18 mod 16 = 2, and the first index calculated by tag b would be 34 mod 16 = 2. This would result in a situation where both tag a and tag b send information in the second time slot, leading to a collision.

[0261] Upon the occurrence of a collision, the second communication device detects an increase in the interference thermal-to-noise ratio, based on the decision-making method described above. In the next transmission cycle of the first signal, the second communication device can send a third sequence to multiple first communication devices. ( =64), to instruct multiple first communication devices to perform hashing within a first time window with a time slot length of 64.

[0262] After labels a and b detect the third sequence, they can regenerate random numbers. Assume label a generates a random number of 105, and label b generates a random number of 201.

[0263] The two tags recalculated their first indexes. Tag a calculated a new first index of 105 mod 64 = 41, and tag b calculated a new first index of 201 mod 64 = 9. Tag a then transmitted a signal in the 41st time slot, and tag b transmitted a signal in the 9th time slot to eliminate the collision.

[0264] In the collision handling process described above, there is no need for a second communication device to send higher-level instructions containing specific display parameters. The rehashing of the tag is driven entirely by changes in the physical layer sequence, thereby effectively reducing signaling overhead and power consumption during the collision avoidance process.

[0265] In the current business scenario, the first information sent by the first communication device can be used to indicate the identifier (ID) of the first communication device, so that the second communication device can perform inventory processing.

[0266] The processing method described above, through a unified processing logic combined with a differentiated method for determining the first parameter, simultaneously achieves access control for both DO-A traffic and inventory traffic.

[0267] In an optional implementation, if a low-priority device calculates a first index greater than an index threshold, the low-priority device can abandon the current data transmission to proactively reduce system load. For example, the index threshold can be 32, or it can be set according to actual needs.

[0268] Phase 5: Adaptive reception and demodulation of the second communication device

[0269] The second communication device is not only the sender of the sequence but also the receiver of the first signal. Because the second communication device can determine which sequence in the sequence set was just broadcast, it can precisely control the behavior of the receiver.

[0270] If the second communication device sends the first sequence The timer of the second communication device can be set to receive duration. .

[0271] If the second communication device sends the second sequence The timer of the second communication device can be set to receive duration. .

[0272] If the second communication device sends the third sequence The timer of the second communication device can be set to receive duration. .

[0273] While the timer is active, the second communication device continues to listen to ensure that signals hashed to the end of the timeline are captured. After the timer expires, the second communication device can shut down the receiving radio frequency link and enter a micro-sleep state to save power.

[0274] Within the receiving window indicated by the timer, the second communication device can perform energy detection and decoding for each time unit. In some scenarios, data packets corresponding to DO-A traffic and data packets corresponding to disk traffic may coexist in the same frame structure (only the payload differs). In this case, the second communication device can also perform the following processing:

[0275] Preamble detection: Detects the uplink preamble at the start of each time unit; Channel decoding: Demodulates the signal and performs CRC check; Service type identification: Parses the MAC header of the received data packet (i.e., the first information). The MAC header of the first information may contain a Type field, which indicates the specific traffic type corresponding to the first information.

[0276] If Type=Alarm (representing DO-A traffic), the second communication device can extract the sensor data carried in the first information, and can also forward the alarm information to the core network equipment to indicate that the first event has been detected. It can also send an ACK confirmation message to the first communication device via the downlink channel.

[0277] If Type=RN16 (random number, representing inventory flow), the second communication device can extract the ID of the first communication device carried in the first information, mark the ID as "inventory checked", and set it in the bitmap of the next first signal transmission cycle to notify the first communication device to be silent (i.e. not to send), so as to avoid the first communication device that has already checked the inventory from reporting the ID repeatedly.

[0278] In summary, the technical solution of this application abandons the method of sending explicit high-level instructions, and instead uses the form of physical layer sequences to carry information. By broadcasting sequences with different pulse patterns, the current system load state and the length of the corresponding time window are implicitly indicated.

[0279] In this way, the first communication device does not need to activate the high-power channel decoder; it can instantly obtain access parameters (i.e., the length of the time window) through physical layer-related detection alone, significantly reducing the power consumption of passive devices. It also saves the interaction time for signaling encoding, transmission, and decoding, enabling the system to quickly adjust the access strategies of all network devices within milliseconds, effectively responding to sudden traffic surges.

[0280] Furthermore, this application constructs a closed-loop system of "perception-decision-control". Before sending the instruction sequence, the second communication device first measures the interference-thermal-noise ratio of the channel within the perception window, and dynamically switches the sequence form of the next cycle based on the channel state. This allows for the extension of the time window length during the initial stage of burst traffic (when the interference-thermal-noise ratio spikes), dispersing congested traffic along the time axis and ensuring system stability. Moreover, in scenarios with massive data storage, without the need for complex Q-algorithm iterations, the physical layer automatically adjusts the hashing time window length according to the channel state, achieving adaptive throughput optimization.

[0281] Furthermore, in current IoT protocol stacks, DO-A (Do-A) alerts and tag inventory often employ two completely separate physical layer processes and state machines. This leads to complex chip circuit design and difficulty in flexibly reusing resources within the same frequency band. The technical solution in this application adopts a universal processing flow, using a unified calculation method to determine the transmission time of the first signal and leveraging the differences in the source of the first parameter to adapt to different services. For DO-A traffic scenarios, fixed address information is used to ensure deterministic and traceable access. For inventory traffic scenarios, random numbers are used for hashing to achieve random collision avoidance.

[0282] In this way, two completely different core services can be supported simultaneously based on a single physical layer mechanism. This not only reduces the complexity of standardization, but also allows the second communication device to mix alarm data and inventory responses in the same frame structure, greatly improving spectral efficiency and chip versatility.

[0283] In addition to processing the DO-A traffic and inventory traffic described above, the technical solution proposed in this application can also be applied to the following scenarios:

[0284] 1. Emergency group reporting scenario in the Industrial Internet of Things

[0285] Scenario characteristics: In factory environments such as petrochemical and precision manufacturing plants, a dense array of safety monitoring sensors (such as smoke detectors, vibration sensors, and pressure sensors) are deployed. Normally, communication volume is low, but in the event of a safety incident such as a fire or equipment malfunction, hundreds of sensors in the area will be triggered to alarm almost simultaneously.

[0286] By applying the technical solution described in this application, channel congestion deadlock caused by excessive alarm signals can be prevented, ensuring that critical emergency shutdown commands or accident location information can be reliably received, thus safeguarding industrial safety.

[0287] 2. Massive access to low-orbit satellite IoT

[0288] Scenario characteristics: A low-Earth orbit satellite has an extremely wide beam coverage area (hundreds of kilometers), potentially covering tens of thousands of IoT terminals on the ground simultaneously. Due to the long distance between the satellite and the ground, the round-trip time is large, making the traditional access method based on "request-authorization" handshake extremely inefficient.

[0289] Applying the technical solution of this application, for example, a satellite can broadcast a first signal via a downlink beam. Ground terminals do not need to perform a Random Access Request (RACH) handshake; they can directly calculate the time slot position based on the received sequence format (L / M / H) and directly transmit data. This reduces the number of satellite-to-ground interactions, saves valuable satellite air interface resources, and solves the problem of collision avoidance for massive numbers of terminals in long-latency scenarios.

[0290] 3. High-speed dynamic inventory management of intelligent logistics conveyor belts

[0291] Scenario characteristics: In a logistics sorting center, goods pass at high speed through a gantry with readers via conveyor belts. The density of goods is dynamic (sometimes sparse, sometimes piled up).

[0292] Compared to traditional RFID which requires software middleware to adjust the Q value, the physical layer adaptive mechanism of this invention has a faster response speed and can adapt to higher conveyor belt operating speeds.

[0293] It should be noted that the module names involved in the embodiments of this application can all be defined as other names, as long as they can achieve the function of each module, and no specific restrictions are placed on the module names.

[0294] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data used for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in the embodiments of this application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties. Furthermore, the collection, use and processing of related data must comply with the relevant laws, regulations and standards of the relevant countries and regions, and corresponding operation entry points are provided for users to choose to authorize or refuse.

[0295] The communication method of the embodiments of this application has been described above. The apparatus for performing the above method provided in the embodiments of this application is described below. Those skilled in the art will understand that the methods and apparatus can be combined with and referenced by each other, and the related apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application can perform the steps in the above communication method.

[0296] In one implementation, this application provides a communication device. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. Please refer to... Figure 9 The communication device 90 may include a transceiver 21, a memory 23, and a processor 22. The transceiver 21 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transmitter may also be referred to as a transmitter, transmitter port, or transmitter interface, etc., and the receiver may also be referred to as a receiver, receiver port, or receiver interface, etc. Exemplarily, the transceiver 21, memory 23, and processor 22 are interconnected via a bus 24.

[0297] The memory 23 is used to store program instructions; the processor 22 is used to execute the program instructions stored in the memory, so that the communication device 90 performs any of the uplink power control processing methods shown above. The receiver of the transceiver 21 can be used to perform the receiving function of the communication device in the above-described uplink power control processing method.

[0298] This application provides a chip. The chip includes a processor, which is used to call a computer program in memory to execute the technical solutions in the above embodiments. Its implementation principle and technical effects are similar to those in the related embodiments described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0299] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the methods described above. The methods described in the above embodiments can be implemented wholly or partially by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functionality can be stored as one or more instructions or code on or transmitted over the computer-readable medium. The computer-readable medium can include computer storage media and communication media, and can also include any medium that can transfer a computer program from one place to another. The storage medium can be any target medium accessible by a computer.

[0300] In one possible implementation, a computer-readable medium may include RAM, ROM, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium targeted to carry or to store the required program code in the form of instructions or data structures, and accessible by a computer. Furthermore, any connection is appropriately referred to as a computer-readable medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of medium. As used herein, disks and optical discs include optical discs, laser discs, optical discs, Digital Versatile Discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs, where disks typically reproduce data magnetically, while optical discs optically reproduce data using lasers. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0301] This application provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that, when run, causes a computer to perform the above-described method.

[0302] This application describes embodiments of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. It should be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processing unit of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable device to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processing unit of the computer or other programmable data processing device, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0303] The above specific embodiments further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A communication method characterized by comprising: Applied to a first communication device, the method includes: Receive an indication sequence from a second communication device, the indication sequence being used to indicate information of a first time window, the indication sequence including a first type of symbol and a second type of symbol, wherein multiple subcarriers allocated within the time domain of the first type of symbol are loaded with in-phase signals, and multiple subcarriers allocated within the time domain of the second type of symbol do not transmit signals; The first information is sent in the first time unit of the first time window.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The information of the first time window includes the number of time units contained in the first time window.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The starting time of the first time window is the first time plus the first offset, where the first time is the time when the last symbol of the indication sequence is received.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The indication sequence is also used to indicate the load status of the channel between the first communication device and the second communication device.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The indicator sequence belongs to a sequence set, which includes a first sequence, a second sequence, and a third sequence; The load state of the channel indicated by the first sequence is lighter than that of the channel indicated by the second sequence, and the number of time units contained in the time window indicated by the first sequence is less than the number of time units contained in the time window indicated by the second sequence. The second sequence indicates a channel with a lighter load state than the third sequence indicates a channel with a lighter load state, and the second sequence indicates a time window containing fewer time units than the third sequence indicates a time window containing fewer time units.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the interference thermal noise ratio of the channel between the first communication device and the second communication device is less than a first threshold, the indication sequence is the first sequence in the sequence set; When the interference thermal noise ratio is greater than or equal to the first threshold and less than or equal to the second threshold, the indication sequence is the second sequence in the sequence set, and the second threshold is greater than the first threshold; If the interference thermal noise ratio is greater than the second threshold, the indication sequence is the third sequence in the sequence set.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The first communication device stores a mapping table containing the mapping relationship between the indication sequence and the information of the first time window.

8. The method according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The first time unit is determined within the first time window based on the first index.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first information is used to indicate the first event, and the first index is obtained by taking the address information of the first communication device modulo the quantity.

10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first information is used to indicate the identifier of the first communication device, and the first index is obtained by taking the first random number modulo the quantity, wherein the first random number is generated by the first communication device.

11. A communication method, characterized in that, Applied to a second communication device, the method includes: Send an indication sequence to a first communication device. The indication sequence is used to indicate information of a first time window. The indication sequence includes a first type of symbol and a second type of symbol. Multiple subcarriers allocated within the time domain of the first type of symbol are loaded with in-phase signals, while multiple subcarriers allocated within the time domain of the second type of symbol do not transmit signals. In the first time unit of the first time window, the first information is received from the first communication device.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The information of the first time window includes the number of time units contained in the first time window.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that, The starting time of the first time window is the first time plus the first offset, where the first time is the time when the last symbol of the indication sequence is received.

14. The method according to any one of claims 11-13, characterized in that, The indication sequence is also used to indicate the load status of the channel between the first communication device and the second communication device.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that, The indicator sequence belongs to a sequence set, which includes a first sequence, a second sequence, and a third sequence; The load state of the channel indicated by the first sequence is lighter than that of the channel indicated by the second sequence, and the number of time units contained in the time window indicated by the first sequence is less than the number of time units contained in the time window indicated by the second sequence. The second sequence indicates a channel with a lighter load state than the third sequence indicates a channel with a lighter load state, and the second sequence indicates a time window containing fewer time units than the third sequence indicates a time window containing fewer time units.

16. The method according to claim 15, characterized in that, The method further includes: Obtain the interference thermal noise ratio of the channel between the first communication device and the second communication device; When the interference thermal noise ratio is less than a first threshold, the indication sequence is the first sequence in the sequence set; When the interference thermal noise ratio is greater than or equal to the first threshold and less than or equal to the second threshold, the indication sequence is the second sequence in the sequence set, and the second threshold is greater than the first threshold; If the interference thermal noise ratio is greater than the second threshold, the indication sequence is the third sequence in the sequence set.

17. The method according to any one of claims 11-13, characterized in that, The second communication device stores a mapping table containing the mapping relationship between the indication sequence and the information of the first time window.

18. The method according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that, The first time unit is determined within the first time window based on the first index.

19. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that, The first information is used to indicate the first event, and the first index is obtained by taking the address information of the first communication device modulo the quantity.

20. The method according to claim 18, characterized in that, The first information is used to indicate the identifier of the first communication device, and the first index is obtained by taking the first random number modulo the quantity, wherein the first random number is generated by the first communication device.

21. A communication device, characterized in that, The communication device includes: one or more processors and a memory; The memory is coupled to the one or more processors, the memory being used to store computer program code, the computer program code including computer instructions, the one or more processors invoking the computer instructions to cause the communication device to perform the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10 or 11 to 20.

22. A chip system, characterized in that, The chip system is applied to a communication device, the chip system including one or more processors, the one or more processors being configured to invoke computer instructions to cause the communication device to perform the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10 or claims 11 to 20.

23. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that, The computer-readable storage medium includes computer instructions that, when executed on a communication device, cause the communication device to perform the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10 or 11 to 20.

24. A computer program product, characterized in that, The computer program product includes computer program code that, when run on a communication device, causes the communication device to perform the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10 or 11 to 20.

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