Negative pressure fan with dedusting and filtering functions

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of dust removal and filtration, in particular to a negative pressure fan with dust removal and filtration functions, which comprises an air pipe and a fan shell, the air pipe is fixedly connected with the fan shell, a dust removal assembly is movably mounted in the air pipe, and the dust removal assembly comprises a spiral plate and a rotating rod; and the spiral plate and the rotating rod are movably mounted in the air pipe. Through rotation of a spiral plate and a rotating rod, in the process that an inclined plate conducts centrifugal separation on air in an air pipe, the spiral plate conveys separated particles and dust downwards, centrifugal dust removal is achieved, meanwhile, the particles and the dust are discharged, the dust removal efficiency is improved, and it is ensured that the ventilation process is continuous and efficient; through the arrangement of the filter cloth, particulate matters and dust on the side wall are gathered in the process of further filtering air by the filter cloth, so that the particulate matters and the dust are separated from the surface of the filter cloth and fall off, the influence on the filtering efficiency due to blockage of the filter cloth is avoided, and the dust removal efficiency and the self-cleaning capability are further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dust removal and filtration technology, and in particular to a negative pressure fan with dust removal and filtration function. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial production processes, the air often contains a large amount of dust particles. If these particles are directly emitted without effective filtration, they not only pollute the environment but may also endanger the health of operators. Although traditional negative pressure fans have a certain exhaust capacity, they generally lack efficient dust removal and filtration structures, which easily leads to the accumulation of particulate matter and dust on the fan blades, affecting the normal operating efficiency of the fan and even causing equipment failure in severe cases. For example, a dust removal and filtration device for fans disclosed in CN112316612A uses a dust removal sponge to rub off the dust on the outer wall of the dust filter through friction between the sponge and the filter. The dust then flows down the outer wall of the sponge into a rectangular dust collection trough for cleaning and collection. When dumping dust, the discharge cylinder is removed and the dust inside is cleaned. However, during operation, the particulate matter and dust in the air are not removed or filtered; only the dust screen is cleaned. This results in particulate matter and dust still accumulating on the surface of the fan blades, causing a decrease in fan operating efficiency. In addition, after cleaning the dust screen, the collected particulate matter and dust need to be manually dumped, which cannot be removed in time. This leads to frequent fan shutdowns for maintenance, affecting the system's continuous operation capability. Furthermore, when the dust cleaning sponge rubs against the dust screen, it causes particulate matter and dust to be stirred up, resulting in secondary air pollution, reducing dust removal efficiency, and affecting the working environment and the health of operators. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems in the background art by proposing a negative pressure fan with dust removal and filtration function.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A negative pressure fan with dust removal and filtration function includes a duct and a fan housing, which are fixedly connected. A dust removal component is movably installed inside the duct. The dust removal component includes a spiral plate and a rotating rod, both of which are movably installed inside the duct. A rotating shaft is rotatably installed inside the duct. The rotating rod is slidably fitted onto the outside of the rotating shaft. Several evenly distributed inclined plates are integrally formed on the side wall of the rotating rod. Several evenly distributed support rods are integrally formed on the inner side of the spiral plate. The inner and outer sides of the spiral plate are interconnected. The inclined plates are fixedly installed on the inner side of the spiral plate. The outer side of the rotating rod is interconnected with the outer side of the spiral plate. The height of the inner side of the spiral plate is greater than the height of the outer side of the spiral plate. The rotation direction of the spiral plate is opposite to the inclination direction of the inclined plates. An exhaust assembly is movably installed inside the fan casing. The exhaust assembly is used to draw indoor air into the interior of the duct and exhaust the air inside the duct to the outside.

[0005] Preferably, a sliding cover is slidably installed on the outer side of the air duct, a base support is integrally formed at the bottom of the sliding cover, a conical disk is integrally formed at the top and bottom of the spiral plate, the top of the base support and the bottom of the conical disk abut against each other, and a number of evenly distributed prying blocks are welded to the side wall of the conical disk at the bottom of the spiral plate, the prying blocks being located on the inner side of the sliding cover.

[0006] Preferably, the side wall of the air duct is provided with a plurality of evenly distributed sliding grooves, and the inner side of the sliding cover is integrally formed with a plurality of evenly distributed sliders. The sliders correspond one-to-one with the sliding grooves and are slidably installed inside the sliding grooves. A spring is provided between the top of the sliding cover and the side wall of the air duct. A dust exhaust pipe is fixedly installed on the side wall of the sliding cover and is connected to the inside of the air duct.

[0007] Preferably, a second motor is fixedly installed at the top of the duct, the output shaft and the rotating shaft of the second motor are fixedly connected, and a number of evenly distributed grids are fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating rod, each grid being located between two adjacent inclined plates.

[0008] Preferably, a filter cloth is movably installed inside the air duct, the filter cloth is located above the rotating rod, a support ring one is fixedly installed on the outer side of the filter cloth, a support ring two is fixedly installed on the inner side of the filter cloth, the support ring one is fixedly installed on the inner side of the air duct, a slide cylinder is movably fitted on the outer side of the rotating shaft, and the support ring two is slidably fitted on the outer side of the slide cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, the bottom of the slide cylinder abuts against the top of the inclined plate, a spring 2 is provided between the top of the slide cylinder and the side wall of the rotating shaft, a slide groove 4 is provided on the outer side of the slide cylinder, and a slider 2 is integrally formed on the inner side of the support ring 2, and the slider 2 is slidably installed inside the slide groove 4.

[0010] Preferably, the outer side of the rotating shaft is provided with a spiral groove and a second sliding groove, both ends of the spiral groove are connected to the second sliding groove, the inner side of the sliding cylinder is integrally formed with a sliding ball, the sliding ball is slidably installed inside the spiral groove and the second sliding groove, the side wall of the sliding cylinder is provided with a third sliding groove, the inner side of the air duct is welded with a first sliding rod, and the third sliding groove is movably sleeved on the outer side of the first sliding rod.

[0011] Preferably, the exhaust assembly includes an impeller and several unidirectional blades. A motor is fixedly installed inside the fan housing. The output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the impeller. The several unidirectional blades are evenly distributed on the side wall of the fan housing and are rotatably installed on the side wall of the fan housing.

[0012] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. By rotating the spiral plate and the rotating rod, the spiral plate transports the separated particles and dust downwards during the centrifugal separation of air inside the duct by the inclined plate. This achieves centrifugal dust removal while simultaneously discharging particles and dust, effectively preventing the accumulation of particles inside the duct and avoiding secondary pollution caused by the raising of particles and dust. This improves dust removal efficiency and ensures continuous and efficient ventilation.

[0013] 2. By twisting the filter cloth, particles and dust on the side wall are collected during the further filtration of air, causing them to detach from the surface of the filter cloth and fall off. This avoids clogging of the filter cloth and ensures long-term stable operation of the ventilation system, further improving dust removal efficiency and self-cleaning ability.

[0014] 3. The filter cloth is continuously reciprocated by the sliding cylinder, so that when the top of the sliding cylinder and the rotating rod come into contact, the filter cloth shakes, disturbing the dust particles attached to the surface of the filter cloth, and causing the residual dust to detach from the filter cloth under the action of inertia, further enhancing the removal effect of particles on the surface of the filter cloth and improving the self-cleaning efficiency of the filter cloth.

[0015] 4. By rapidly resetting the filter cloth downwards, the filter cloth compresses the air outside the rotating rod, increasing the centrifugal force during centrifugal dust removal. This ensures that particles detached from the filter cloth surface move to the inside of the spiral plate through centrifugal force, thereby improving the separation ability of fine dust and enhancing the effect of centrifugal dust removal.

[0016] 5. The sliding cylinder's contact with the rotating rod causes the rotating rod and the spiral plate to vibrate, removing adhering particles and dust from the surface. This ensures that particles and dust on the inclined plate and spiral plate are effectively removed, preventing the accumulation of particles and dust from affecting the centrifugal separation effect. This achieves efficient and continuous dust separation and emission, ensures the cleanliness of the equipment's interior, and reduces maintenance frequency. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the duct structure in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sliding cover structure in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the dust removal component in this invention; Figure 8 This is a disassembly diagram of the slide and rotating shaft in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the filter cloth structure in this invention; Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the spiral plate and rotating rod in this invention; Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the spiral plate in this invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating rod in this invention.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Duct; 11. Dust exhaust pipe; 12. Fan casing; 121. One-way blade; 122. Impeller; 123. Motor 1; 13. Slide rod 1; 131. Slide groove 1; 21. Sliding cover; 211. Spring 1; 212. Base support; 213. Slider 1; 22. Spiral plate; 221. Support rod; 222. Conical disc; 223. Pulley; 23. Rotating rod; 231. Grid; 232. Inclined plate; 31. Rotating shaft; 311. Motor 2; 312. Spiral groove; 313. Slide groove 2; 32. Filter cloth; 321. Slide cylinder; 322. Slide groove 3; 323. Spring 2; 324. Slide groove 4; 325. Sliding ball; 326. Support ring 1; 327. Slider 2; 328. Support ring 2. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0021] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 12As shown, a negative pressure fan with dust removal and filtration function includes a duct 1 and a fan housing 12. The duct 1 and the fan housing 12 are fixedly connected. A dust removal component is movably installed inside the duct 1. The dust removal component includes a spiral plate 22 and a rotating rod 23. Both the spiral plate 22 and the rotating rod 23 are movably installed inside the duct 1. A rotating shaft 31 is rotatably installed inside the duct 1. The rotating rod 23 is slidably fitted onto the outside of the rotating shaft 31. Several evenly distributed inclined plates 232 are integrally formed on the side wall of the rotating rod 23. Several evenly distributed support rods 221 are integrally formed on the inner side of the spiral plate 22. The inner and outer sides of the spiral plate 22 are interconnected. The inclined plates 232 are fixedly installed on the inner side of the spiral plate 22. The outer side of the rotating rod 23 and the outer side of the spiral plate 22 are interconnected. The height of the inner side of the spiral plate 22 is greater than the height of the outer side of the spiral plate 22. The rotation direction of the spiral plate 22 is opposite to the inclination direction of the inclined plates 232. An exhaust assembly is movably installed inside the fan housing 12. The exhaust assembly is used to draw indoor air into the interior of the duct 1 and exhaust the air inside the duct 1 to the outside.

[0022] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 8 and Figure 12 As shown, the exhaust assembly includes an impeller 122 and several unidirectional blades 121. A motor 123 is fixedly installed inside the fan housing 12. The output shaft of the motor 123 is fixedly connected to the impeller 122. Several unidirectional blades 121 are evenly distributed on the side wall of the fan housing 12 and are rotatably installed on the side wall of the fan housing 12. A motor 311 is fixedly installed on the top of the duct 1. The output shaft of the motor 311 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 31. Several evenly distributed grids 231 are fixedly installed on the bottom of the rotating rod 23. Each grid 231 is located between two adjacent inclined plates 232.

[0023] When indoor ventilation is required, the worker starts the exhaust and dust removal components. The motor 123 starts and drives the impeller 122 to rotate. The impeller 122 draws indoor air into the duct 1 and discharges it into the fan casing 12. At this time, the one-way blade 121 rotates, so that the fan casing 12 is connected to the outside, and the air inside the fan casing 12 is discharged to the outside. The electric motor 311 starts and drives the rotating shaft 31 to rotate. The rotating shaft 31 drives the rotating rod 23 to rotate, and the spiral plate 22 follows the rotating rod 23 to rotate, causing the inclined plate 232 and the spiral plate 22 to rotate in the same direction. When indoor air enters the interior of the air duct 1 through the grid 231, the inclined plate 232 drives the air inside the air duct 1 to rotate and move upward. When the air inside the air duct 1 rotates, the particulate matter and dust in the air are thrown into the interior of the spiral plate 22 under the action of centrifugal force. The cross-section of the spiral plate 22 is inclined, which makes the particles... The particles and dust move to the space between the spiral plate 22 and the inner wall of the duct 1. At this time, the particles and dust are transported downward by the rotation of the spiral plate 22. Through the rotation of the spiral plate 22 and the rotating rod 23, the spiral plate 22 transports the separated particles and dust downward during the centrifugal separation of the air inside the duct 1 by the inclined plate 232. This achieves centrifugal dust removal while simultaneously discharging the particles and dust, effectively avoiding the accumulation of particles inside the duct 1 and the problem of secondary pollution caused by the raising of particles and dust, improving dust removal efficiency, and ensuring continuous and efficient ventilation.

[0024] like Figure 2 and Figures 8-9 As shown, a filter cloth 32 is movably installed inside the air duct 1. The filter cloth 32 is located above the rotating rod 23. A support ring 326 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the filter cloth 32, and a support ring 328 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the filter cloth 32. The support ring 326 is fixedly installed on the inner side of the air duct 1. A slide cylinder 321 is movably fitted on the outer side of the rotating shaft 31. The support ring 328 is slidably fitted on the outer side of the slide cylinder 321. The bottom of the slide cylinder 321 abuts against the top of the inclined plate 232. A spring 323 is provided between the top of the slide cylinder 321 and the side wall of the rotating shaft 31. A groove 324 is opened on the outer side of the slide cylinder 321. A slider 327 is integrally formed on the inner side of the support ring 328. The slider 327 is slidably installed inside the groove 324.

[0025] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a spiral groove 312 and a sliding groove 313 are provided on the outer side of the rotating shaft 31. Both ends of the spiral groove 312 are connected to the sliding groove 313. A sliding ball 325 is integrally formed on the inner side of the sliding cylinder 321. The sliding ball 325 is slidably installed inside the spiral groove 312 and the sliding groove 313. A sliding groove 322 is provided on the side wall of the sliding cylinder 321. A sliding rod 13 is welded to the inner side of the air duct 1. The sliding groove 322 is movably sleeved on the outer side of the sliding rod 13.

[0026] When the exhaust assembly draws air from inside the duct 1, the air inside the duct 1 rises and passes through the filter cloth 32. As the air passes through the filter cloth 32, the second support ring 328 slides upward and moves to the top of the fourth slide groove 324. The filter cloth 32 between the first support ring 326 and the second support ring 328 bulges upward and further filters the air, ensuring that the air entering the fan housing 12 is free of particulate matter and dust, thus ensuring that the exhaust air is clean. During the rotation of the rotating shaft 31, the sliding ball 325 slides inside the second slide groove 313. When the sliding ball 325 touches the spiral groove 312... The rotating shaft 31 drives the slide cylinder 321 to rotate, and the slide cylinder 321 drives the support ring 328 to twist the filter cloth 32, causing the filter cloth 32 to twist and squeeze the particles and dust on the side wall, causing the particles and dust to gather together and detach from the surface of the filter cloth 32. Through the twisting of the filter cloth 32, the particles and dust on the side wall are gathered during the further filtration of air by the filter cloth 32, causing the particles and dust to detach from the surface of the filter cloth 32 and fall off, avoiding the filtration efficiency affected by the clogging of the filter cloth 32, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the ventilation system, and further improving the dust removal efficiency and self-cleaning ability. As the slide cylinder 321 rotates with the rotating shaft 31, when the slide rod 13 abuts against the side wall of the slide groove 322, the slide ball 325 slides into the interior of the spiral groove 312, causing the slide cylinder 321 to drive the support ring 328 to move upward. The slide cylinder 321 compresses the spring 323, and the support ring 328 drives the filter cloth 32 to move upward. When the slide ball 325 slides from the spiral groove 312 into the interior of the slide groove 313, the spring 323 is released and drives the slide cylinder 321 to slide rapidly downward, causing the filter cloth to... 32 returns to its un-twisted state, and the slide cylinder 321 reverses and resets, contacting the top of the rotating rod 23 during the reset process. When the tops of the slide cylinder 321 and the rotating rod 23 contact each other, the support ring 328 continues to slide downward due to the inertia of the slide cylinder 321. This causes the filter cloth 32 to shake when the slider 327 contacts the inner wall of the groove 324. At the same time, as the filter cloth 32 slides downward, the space between the filter cloth 32 and the grid 231 decreases, causing the filter cloth 32 to squeeze the rotating rod 23. The air outside (the duct 1 is still drawing indoor air through the exhaust assembly) increases the centrifugal force of the air outside the rotating rod 23. When the filter cloth 32 returns to its original position, the centrifugal force of the air outside the rotating rod 23 recovers, and the filter cloth 32 between the support ring 1 326 and the support ring 2 328 continues to bulge upward. The slide cylinder 321 drives the filter cloth 32 to move continuously back and forth, so that when the top of the slide cylinder 321 and the rotating rod 23 come into contact, the filter cloth 32 shakes, disturbing the dust particles attached to the surface of the filter cloth 32, causing the residual dust to detach from the filter cloth 32 under inertia, further enhancing the detachment effect of the particles on the surface of the filter cloth 32 and improving the self-cleaning efficiency of the filter cloth 32. At the same time, the filter cloth 32 quickly returns to its original position downward, causing the filter cloth 32 to squeeze the air outside the rotating rod 23, increasing the centrifugal force during centrifugal dust removal, ensuring that the particles detached from the surface of the filter cloth 32 move to the inside of the spiral plate 22 by centrifugal force, and improving the separation ability of fine dust, thus improving the effect of centrifugal dust removal.

[0027] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figures 4-6As shown, a sliding cover 21 is slidably installed on the outer side of the air duct 1. A base support 212 is integrally formed at the bottom of the sliding cover 21. A conical disk 222 is integrally formed at both the top and bottom of the spiral plate 22. The top of the base support 212 and the bottom of the conical disk 222 abut against each other. Several evenly distributed pry blocks 223 are welded to the side wall of the conical disk 222 located at the bottom of the spiral plate 22. The pry blocks 223 are located inside the sliding cover 21. Several evenly distributed sliding grooves 131 are opened on the side wall of the air duct 1. Several evenly distributed sliders 213 are integrally formed on the inner side of the sliding cover 21. The sliders 213 and the sliding grooves 131 correspond one-to-one and are slidably installed inside the sliding grooves 131. A spring 211 is provided between the top of the sliding cover 21 and the side wall of the air duct 1. A dust exhaust pipe 11 is fixedly installed on the side wall of the sliding cover 21. The dust exhaust pipe 11 is connected to the interior of the air duct 1.

[0028] When the slide cylinder 321 contacts the top of the rotating rod 23, the slide cylinder 321, through inertia, causes the rotating rod 23 to slide downwards. The rotating rod 23 causes the spiral plate 22 and the sliding cover 21 to slide downwards. The sliding cover 21 pulls the spring 211, causing the spring 211 to generate elastic potential energy. When the slide cylinder 321 returns to its original position, the spring 211 releases and pushes the sliding cover 21 to rebound upwards. The sliding cover 21, through the base 212, causes the spiral plate 22 and the sliding cover 21 to vibrate. The contact between the slide cylinder 321 and the rotating rod 23 causes the rotating rod 23 and the spiral plate 22 to vibrate. The particles and dust adhering to the surfaces of the inclined plate 232 and the spiral plate 22 are effectively removed, ensuring that the particles and dust on the surfaces of the inclined plate 232 and the spiral plate 22 are effectively removed, avoiding the accumulation of particles and dust that affects the centrifugal separation effect. The spiral plate 22 drives the toggle block 223 to rotate, so that after the spiral plate 22 conveys the particles and dust to the inside of the sliding cover 21, the toggle block 223 drives the particles and dust inside the sliding cover 21 to move, causing the particles and dust to be discharged to the outside through the dust discharge pipe 11, realizing efficient and continuous dust separation and discharge, ensuring the cleanliness of the equipment inside and reducing the maintenance frequency.

[0029] The working principle and usage of this invention are explained in detail below: When indoor ventilation is required, the worker starts motor 123 and motor 311. Motor 123 drives impeller 122 to rotate, drawing indoor air into the duct 1 and discharging it outdoors. Motor 311 drives rotating shaft 31 to rotate, which in turn drives rotating rod 23 to rotate. Spiral plate 22 rotates along with rotating rod 23. When indoor air enters the duct 1 through grid 231, inclined plate 232 drives the air inside the duct 1 to rotate, causing particulate matter and dust in the air to be thrown into the spiral plate 22 under centrifugal force. Spiral plate 22 then transports the particulate matter and dust to sliding cover 21. Inside, the rotation of the spiral plate 22 and the rotating rod 23 causes the spiral plate 22 to transport the separated particles and dust downwards during the centrifugal separation of the air inside the duct 1 by the inclined plate 232. This achieves centrifugal dust removal while simultaneously discharging particles and dust, effectively preventing the accumulation of particles inside the duct 1 and avoiding secondary pollution caused by the raising of particles and dust. This improves dust removal efficiency and ensures continuous high efficiency in the ventilation process. When the exhaust assembly draws air from inside the duct 1, the air inside the duct 1 rises and touches and passes through the filter cloth 32, causing the filter cloth 32 to bulge upwards and further filter the air, ensuring that the air entering the fan housing 12 is free of particles and dust. During the rotation of the rotating shaft 31, when the sliding ball 325 touches the spiral plate 23, the air inside the duct 1... When the slide cylinder 321 rotates, the rotating shaft 31 drives the slide cylinder 321 to rotate. The slide cylinder 321 drives the support ring 328 to twist the filter cloth 32, causing the filter cloth 32 to twist and squeeze the particles and dust on the side wall. This causes the particles and dust to aggregate and detach from the surface of the filter cloth 32. Through the twisting of the filter cloth 32, the particles and dust on the side wall are collected during the further filtration of air by the filter cloth 32, causing the particles and dust to detach from the surface of the filter cloth 32 and fall off. This avoids the filter cloth 32 from being blocked, thus affecting the filtration efficiency and ensuring the long-term stable operation of the ventilation system. It further improves the dust removal efficiency and self-cleaning ability. As the slide cylinder 321 rotates with the rotating shaft 31, when the slide rod 13 abuts against the side wall of the slide groove 322, the slide ball 325 slides into the spiral groove 3. Inside the spiral groove 312, the slide cylinder 321 moves the filter cloth 32 upward via the support ring 328. When the sliding ball 325 slides from the spiral groove 312 into the slide groove 313, the slide cylinder 321 quickly slides downward, causing the filter cloth 32 to return to its untwisted state. The slide cylinder 321 reverses and resets, contacting the top of the rotating rod 23 during the reset process. When the tops of the slide cylinder 321 and the rotating rod 23 are in contact, the support ring 328 continues to slide downward due to the inertia of the slide cylinder 321, causing the filter cloth 32 to shake. At the same time, as the filter cloth 32 slides downward, the space between the filter cloth 32 and the grid 231 decreases, causing the filter cloth 32 to compress the air outside the rotating rod 23, increasing the centrifugal force of the air outside the rotating rod 23. After the filter cloth 32 resets,As the centrifugal force of the air outside the rotating rod 23 recovers, the filter cloth 32 between the first support ring 326 and the second support ring 328 continues to bulge upwards. This causes the filter cloth 32 to move continuously back and forth via the slide cylinder 321. When the top of the slide cylinder 321 contacts the top of the rotating rod 23, the filter cloth 32 vibrates, disturbing the dust particles attached to its surface. This causes residual dust to detach from the filter cloth 32 due to inertia, further enhancing the removal of particles from the filter cloth 32 and improving its self-cleaning efficiency. Simultaneously, the rapid downward reset of the filter cloth 32 compresses the air outside the rotating rod 23, increasing the centrifugal force during centrifugal dust removal. This ensures that particles detached from the surface of the filter cloth 32 move to the inside of the spiral plate 22 by centrifugal force, improving the separation of fine dust and enhancing the centrifugal dust removal effect. When the slide cylinder 321 contacts the top of the rotating rod 23, the slide cylinder 321, through inertia... The rotating rod 23 slides downwards, causing the spiral plate 22 and sliding cover 21 to slide downwards as well. After the sliding cylinder 321 returns to its original position, the sliding cover 21 causes the spiral plate 22 and sliding cover 21 to vibrate. The sliding cylinder 321's contact with the rotating rod 23 causes the rotating rod 23 and spiral plate 22 to vibrate, shaking off particles and dust adhering to the surfaces of the inclined plate 232 and spiral plate 22. This ensures effective removal of particles and dust from the surfaces of the inclined plate 232 and spiral plate 22, preventing the accumulation of particles and dust from affecting the centrifugal separation effect. After the spiral plate 22 conveys the particles and dust to the inside of the sliding cover 21, the spiral plate 22 drives the slider 213 to rotate, causing the slider 213 to move the particles and dust inside the sliding cover 21. This results in the particles and dust being discharged to the outside through the dust discharge pipe 11, achieving efficient and continuous dust separation and discharge, ensuring the cleanliness of the equipment interior, and reducing maintenance frequency.

[0030] To further clarify, the aforementioned fixed connection should be interpreted broadly unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited. For example, it may be welding, gluing, or integral molding, or other conventional methods well known to those skilled in the art.

[0031] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A negative pressure fan with dust removal and filtration function, comprising a duct (1) and a fan casing (12), characterized in that: The duct (1) and the fan housing (12) are fixedly connected. A dust removal assembly is movably installed inside the duct (1). The dust removal assembly includes a spiral plate (22) and a rotating rod (23). Both the spiral plate (22) and the rotating rod (23) are movably installed inside the duct (1). A rotating shaft (31) is rotatably installed inside the duct (1). The rotating rod (23) is slidably fitted onto the outside of the rotating shaft (31). The sidewall of the rotating rod (23) is integrally formed with several evenly distributed... Inclined plate (232), the inner side of the spiral plate (22) is integrally formed with several evenly distributed support rods (221), the inner and outer sides of the spiral plate (22) are interconnected, the inclined plate (232) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the spiral plate (22), the outer side of the rotating rod (23) is interconnected with the outer side of the spiral plate (22), the height of the inner side of the spiral plate (22) is greater than the height of the outer side of the spiral plate (22), the rotation direction of the spiral plate (22) is opposite to the tilting direction of the inclined plate (232); An exhaust assembly is movably installed inside the fan housing (12). The exhaust assembly is used to draw indoor air into the interior of the air duct (1) and exhaust the air inside the air duct (1) to the outside.

2. The negative pressure fan with dust removal and filtration function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sliding cover (21) is slidably installed on the outside of the air duct (1). A base support (212) is integrally formed at the bottom of the sliding cover (21). A conical disk (222) is integrally formed at the top and bottom of the spiral plate (22). The top of the base support (212) and the bottom of the conical disk (222) abut against each other. Several evenly distributed paddle blocks (223) are welded to the side wall of the conical disk (222) at the bottom of the spiral plate (22). The paddle blocks (223) are located inside the sliding cover (21).

3. The negative pressure fan with dust removal and filtration function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side wall of the air duct (1) is provided with several evenly distributed sliding grooves (131). The inner side of the sliding cover (21) is integrally formed with several evenly distributed sliders (213). The sliders (213) correspond one-to-one with the sliding grooves (131) and are slidably installed inside the sliding grooves (131). A spring (211) is provided between the top of the sliding cover (21) and the side wall of the air duct (1). A dust exhaust pipe (11) is fixedly installed on the side wall of the sliding cover (21). The dust exhaust pipe (11) is connected to the inside of the air duct (1).

4. The negative pressure fan with dust removal and filtration function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the air duct (1) is fixedly installed with a second motor (311), the output shaft of the second motor (311) and the rotating shaft (31) are fixedly connected, and a number of evenly distributed grids (231) are fixedly installed at the bottom of the rotating rod (23), each grid (231) being located between two adjacent inclined plates (232).

5. A negative pressure fan with dust removal and filtration function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A filter cloth (32) is movably installed inside the air duct (1). The filter cloth (32) is located above the rotating rod (23). A support ring (326) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the filter cloth (32), and a support ring (328) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the filter cloth (32). The support ring (326) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the air duct (1). A slide cylinder (321) is movably fitted on the outer side of the rotating shaft (31), and the support ring (328) is slidably fitted on the outer side of the slide cylinder (321).

6. A negative pressure fan with dust removal and filtration function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom of the slide cylinder (321) abuts against the top of the inclined plate (232). A spring (323) is provided between the top of the slide cylinder (321) and the side wall of the rotating shaft (31). A slide groove (324) is provided on the outer side of the slide cylinder (321). A slider (327) is integrally formed on the inner side of the support ring (328). The slider (327) is slidably installed inside the slide groove (324).

7. A negative pressure fan with dust removal and filtration function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer side of the rotating shaft (31) is provided with a spiral groove (312) and a sliding groove (313). Both ends of the spiral groove (312) are connected to the sliding groove (313). The inner side of the sliding cylinder (321) is integrally formed with a sliding ball (325). The sliding ball (325) is slidably installed inside the spiral groove (312) and the sliding groove (313). The side wall of the sliding cylinder (321) is provided with a sliding groove (322). The inner side of the air duct (1) is welded with a sliding rod (13). The sliding groove (322) is movably sleeved on the outer side of the sliding rod (13).

8. A negative pressure fan with dust removal and filtration function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust assembly includes an impeller (122) and several unidirectional blades (121). A motor (123) is fixedly installed inside the fan housing (12). The output shaft of the motor (123) is fixedly connected to the impeller (122). Several unidirectional blades (121) are evenly distributed on the side wall of the fan housing (12) and are rotatably installed on the side wall of the fan housing (12).

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