Ecological vegetation blanket and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological restoration, in particular to an ecological vegetation blanket and a preparation method and application thereof. The invention provides an ecological vegetation blanket which comprises an anti-scouring layer, a root fixing layer 1, a functional core layer and a root fixing layer 2 from top to bottom. The functional core layer comprises an environment conditioning agent, plant seeds, composite nutrient particles and a degradable gelatinous matrix, and the environment conditioning agent comprises super absorbent resin, a slow-release oxygen producer and a pH buffer component. The core technical problems of seed loss, nutrition deficiency, drought water shortage and water flooding oxygen deficit in vegetation recovery of the hydro-fluctuation belt are integrally solved, and the method has the remarkable advantages of being high in planting success rate, high in environmental adaptability and convenient and fast to construct.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ecological restoration technology, specifically to an ecological vegetation blanket, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] The drawdown zone is the transitional area where natural or artificial water bodies such as reservoirs and rivers are periodically exposed and submerged due to seasonal water level changes. The ecosystem in this area is fragile and the environmental conditions are extreme, mainly manifested in the following aspects: 1) Strong water scouring and erosion lead to infertile and loose soil structure, making it difficult for seeds and seedlings to attach stably; 2) Periodic "flood-drought" dual stress, during which plant roots rot due to lack of oxygen during flooding and wither due to extreme lack of water during drought; 3) Nutrient deficiency and low soil fertility make it difficult for plants to grow normally.

[0003] Currently, several vegetation mat technologies for ecological restoration of slopes in alternating water and land environments have been proposed. For example, one technical solution discloses a surface runoff purification vegetation mat, which uses adsorption strips within the mat to purify pollutants in runoff. However, this design does not provide an effective mechanism to address the unique challenges of flooding-induced oxygen deficiency and drought-induced water scarcity in drawdown zones. Another solution proposes a vegetation mat based on a dynamic response gel, which uses the gel material to fix plant seeds and applies a specific pH solution externally to promote seed germination. However, its core technology lies in seed fixation and germination control, lacking systematic consideration for issues such as continuous oxygen supply to plant roots under flooded conditions and long-term moisture retention under drought conditions. Furthermore, existing technologies have proposed an integrated high slope vegetation reconstruction method, which has a complex structure and high construction costs, making it more suitable for large-scale engineering slopes and difficult to promote and apply in widely distributed drawdown zone areas requiring rapid and low-cost restoration.

[0004] In summary, existing vegetation mat technologies either focus on structural reinforcement or concentrate on a single function (such as water purification or short-term water retention), and have not yet formed an integrated, self-sustaining solution that can systematically address the three core challenges of "easily lost seeds," "flooded and oxygen-deficient conditions," and "drought and water shortage" in the drawdown zone. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides an ecological vegetation blanket, its preparation method, and its application, to solve the problem that existing technologies cannot simultaneously achieve the functions of simple construction and the ability to autonomously adapt to alternating stresses of flooding and drought.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an ecological vegetation mat, which, from top to bottom, includes an anti-erosion layer, a root-stabilizing layer-1, a functional core layer, and a root-stabilizing layer-2. The functional core layer includes environmental regulators, plant seeds, compound nutrient granules, and a biodegradable gel matrix; The environmental conditioner includes a superabsorbent resin, a slow-release oxygenating agent, and a pH buffer component.

[0007] In one alternative embodiment, the erosion-resistant layer comprises a three-dimensional mesh structure woven from biodegradable natural fibers; Optionally, the biodegradable high-strength natural fiber includes at least one of jute fiber, sisal fiber, flax fiber, and coconut fiber.

[0008] Optionally, the mesh diameter of the three-dimensional mesh structure is 10mm-50mm, and the thickness is 15mm-30mm; Optionally, the biodegradable high-strength natural fiber includes at least one of jute fiber, sisal fiber, flax fiber, and coconut fiber.

[0009] In one alternative embodiment, the root-stabilizing layer-1 and root-stabilizing layer-2 independently comprise at least one of polylactic acid nonwoven fabric and polybutylene succinate nonwoven fabric.

[0010] In one optional implementation, the size of the bagged root-fixing layer is determined according to the actual size of the planting site and the ease of laying, and the specific size is not limited to 2m×2m, 3m×3m, 5m×5m, etc. In one optional embodiment, the superabsorbent resin includes at least one of modified polyacrylate and polyaspartate. It should be noted that the modified polyacrylate includes polyaspartic acid as the main chain, a small amount of acrylic acid is introduced for copolymerization modification, and it is cross-linked with natural polysaccharides (such as starch and chitosan), which improves its water absorption and reduces the risk of environmental pollution.

[0011] In one alternative embodiment, the slow-release oxygenating agent includes at least one of calcium oxide and sodium percarbonate.

[0012] In one optional embodiment, the pH buffer component comprises a phosphate buffer solution with a concentration of 0.08-0.12 M; Optionally, the mass ratio of sodium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium hydrogen phosphate, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the phosphate buffer solution is 40:1:(1-11):(0.25-6).

[0013] In one alternative embodiment, the degradable gel matrix comprises alginate, chitosan powder, and a cationic crosslinking agent; Optionally, the alginate includes at least one of sodium alginate and potassium alginate; Optionally, the cationic crosslinking agent includes at least one of calcium chloride and calcium nitrate.

[0014] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned ecological vegetation blanket, comprising the following steps: S1 is an environmental conditioner formed by mixing superabsorbent resin, slow-release oxygenating agent and pH buffer solution. S2 is a slurry that mixes environmental regulators, plant seeds, compound nutrient granules, and a biodegradable gel matrix to form a functional core layer. S3, apply the slurry to one side of the root-stabilizing layer-1 and one side of the root-stabilizing layer-2 respectively, and make the sides coated with slurry stick together to fix the two root-stabilizing layers and form the intermediate body of the ecological vegetation mat. S4. Prepare an anti-erosion layer and fix it with one of the root-fixing layers of the ecological vegetation blanket intermediate. After curing treatment, the ecological vegetation blanket is obtained.

[0015] In one optional embodiment, in S1, the mass ratio of the superabsorbent resin, the slow-release oxygenating agent, and the pH buffer component is (5-10):(2.3-7.5):(0.5-2.5). In one optional embodiment, in S2, the mass ratio of environmental regulator, plant seeds, compound nutrient granules, and biodegradable gel matrix is ​​(1-5):(10-20):(10-15):(20-50). In one optional embodiment, the mass ratio of alginate, chitosan powder, and cationic crosslinking agent in the biodegradable gel matrix is ​​(10-20):(2-5):(10-30). Further optionally, the mass concentration of the sodium alginate solution is 1% to 3%; Further optionally, the purity of the chitosan powder is ≥95%; Further optionally, the mass concentration of the CaCl2 solution is 1%-5%.

[0016] In one alternative embodiment, the plant seeds further include pretreatment; Optionally, the pretreatment includes coating the plant seed surface with a biodegradable gel matrix using a fluidized bed spraying method until the surface is uniformly coated.

[0017] It should be noted that the pretreatment includes forming a gel network on the surface of plant seeds using alginate and cationic crosslinking agents in a biodegradable gel matrix, while chitosan powder in the biodegradable gel matrix further enhances the mechanical strength and controlled-release performance of the coating layer on the surface of the plant seeds.

[0018] Optionally, the plant seeds include selected native plant seeds that are resistant to flooding and drought; Further optionally, the native plant seeds include at least one of Bermuda grass, vetiver, cyperus rhizome, cocklebur, and Imperata cylindrica.

[0019] In one optional embodiment, in S2, the mass ratio of controlled-release nutrients to biochar particles in the composite nutrient particles is (5-15):(10-30). Optionally, biochar is prepared by pyrolyzing agricultural and forestry waste in a tubular furnace at a high temperature of 200℃-500℃ for 4-6 hours, and then passing it through a 100-mesh sieve.

[0020] Optionally, the controlled-release nutrients include coated nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, compound microbial agents, and growth regulators; Further optionally, the coating process includes using at least one of polylactic acid, polyurethane, and chitosan as the membrane material, and performing the coating process using either spray drying or fluidized bed spraying. Further optionally, the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, boron, iron, and zinc in the effective components of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is (15-30):(15-20):(15-20):(0.2-0.5):(0.7-1):(0.3-0.5):(0.3-0.5):(0.2-0.3); Optionally, the mass ratio of rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, actinomycetes, and growth regulators in the compound microbial agent is (0.1-1):(1-3):(0.1-0.5):(0.05-0.1). Further optionally, the rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria include at least one of Bacillus subtilis, Azotobacter, and Pseudomonas fluorescens with a viable count ≥20 billion CFU / g; Further optionally, the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi include at least one of the following: *Glomus radiata*, *Glomus moses*, *Glomus terrestrialus*, and *Glomus juvenileus*, with a spore count ≥100 / g. Further optionally, the actinomycetes include at least one of *Streptomyces jingyangensis*, *Streptomyces lidiense*, and *Streptomyces griseus* with a viable count ≥ 0.2 billion cfu / g; Further optionally, the growth regulator includes at least one of gibberellin, indoleacetic acid, and abscisic acid at a concentration of 10 mg / L to 100 mg / L.

[0021] In one alternative embodiment, the fixing includes at least one of needle punching, stitching, or hot-pressing composite processes; In one alternative embodiment, the curing process includes either low-temperature treatment or vacuum drying.

[0022] Thirdly, the present invention also provides an application of the above-mentioned ecological vegetation mat or the ecological vegetation mat prepared by the above-mentioned method in the drawdown zone area of ​​a water-land alternation environment.

[0023] In one alternative implementation, the alternating water and land environment includes at least one of a reservoir, a lake, and a river drawdown zone.

[0024] The technical solution of this invention has the following advantages: 1. This invention provides an ecological vegetation mat, comprising, from top to bottom, an anti-erosion layer, a root-stabilizing layer-1, a functional core layer, and a root-stabilizing layer-2; the functional core layer includes an environmental regulator, plant seeds, and compound nutrient granules; wherein the environmental regulator includes a superabsorbent resin, a slow-release oxygenating agent, and a pH buffer component. The anti-erosion layer is used to slow water flow and stabilize the surface soil; the functional core layer; and the root-stabilizing layers-1 and-2 can be penetrated by plant roots to stabilize the plants, enabling the fixation of vegetation in windy and flooded drawdown zones, reducing the probability of being blown away or carried away by water flow; The superabsorbent resin in the environmental conditioner is used to absorb and store water during drought periods to provide water for plant roots; the slow-release oxygenating agent in the environmental conditioner reacts with water during flooding periods to slowly release oxygen, replenish oxygen in the root zone, and prevent root rot; the pH buffer component in the environmental conditioner can maintain the pH of the functional core layer at a stable near neutral level. The biodegradable gel-like matrix can fix environmental regulators, plant seeds, and compound nutrient granules onto the bagged root-stabilizing layer. The compound nutrient granules can avoid secondary pollution caused by initial nutrient loss, provide plants with long-term stable nutrition, gradually improve the soil, promote plant growth, enhance nutrient absorption capacity, prevent and control pests and diseases, and build a healthy rhizosphere microecology, realizing a leap from "establishment" to "self-sufficiency". This invention solves the core technical problems of seed loss, nutrient deficiency, drought and water shortage, and flooding and hypoxia in the restoration of vegetation in the drawdown zone in an integrated manner, and has significant advantages such as high establishment success rate, strong environmental adaptability, and convenient construction.

[0025] 2. The present invention provides an ecological vegetation mat, wherein the composite nutrient granules are a combination of controlled-release nutrients and biochar granules, providing a stable nutrient supply for several months. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compound fertilizer provides nutrients; biochar improves the soil microenvironment; the composite microbial agent utilizes rhizosphere growth-promoting bacteria to promote seed germination and seedling growth, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to promote nitrogen and phosphorus absorption and utilization, and actinomycetes to generate antibiotics to control pests and diseases and promote plant growth; the pretreatment of plant seeds involves encapsulating the seeds using microencapsulation technology, effectively solving the problems of seeds being easily washed away and low germination rates in traditional vegetation mats. The slow-release characteristics of the capsule wall allow seeds to germinate in a relatively stable environment (relatively shallow flooding or after water recedes), greatly improving the success rate of establishment.

[0026] 3. The method for preparing the ecological vegetation mat provided by the present invention integrates multiple complex functions into a standardized "mat-like" product. During construction, it can be unfolded and fixed as if laying a carpet, which greatly reduces the difficulty and cost of construction and is suitable for large-scale and rapid ecological restoration projects in drawdown zones. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The following embodiments are provided to better understand the present invention, but the following embodiments do not constitute a limitation on the content and scope of protection of the present invention. Any product that is the same as or similar to the present invention, derived by any person under the guidance of the present invention or by combining the features of the present invention with other prior art, falls within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Unless otherwise specified, all experimental steps or conditions in the examples were performed according to conventional experimental procedures and conditions in the art. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all commercially available products.

[0029] The plant seeds used were pretreated, and the specific steps and parameter settings for their preparation method are as follows: Ten portions each of plump Bermuda grass, vetiver, and Cyperus rotundus seeds were selected, disinfected with 75% alcohol, and washed with purified water. The seeds were then suspended in a fluidized bed with nitrogen as the fluidizing medium and the temperature controlled at 35°C. Atomized microcapsule encapsulation material consisting of 12.3 parts of 0.3% sodium alginate solution, 4.1 parts of 0.1 mol / L CaCl2 solution, and 20.3 parts of 0.2% chitosan solution was sprayed in. After drying, solidification, and cooling, plant seeds were produced.

[0030] The specific steps and parameter settings for the preparation method of the composite nutrient granules used are as follows: ① The *Streptomyces jingyangensis* strain (Shanghai Yansheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd.) was cultured and propagated in corn steep liquor at 30℃ for 48 hours, and then further fermented in wheat bran carrier at 32℃ for 72 hours to obtain a *Streptomyces jingyangensis* inoculum with a viable count of 0.2 billion CFU / g; *Glomus radicans* and *Glomus moses* strains (Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences) were propagated in clover to obtain an arbuscular mycorrhizal mycorrhizal inoculum with a spore count of 100 spores / g. ② Add 0.5 parts of Bacillus subtilis with a viable count of 20 billion CFU / g (Guangzhou Zhen Microbial Technology Co., Ltd.), 0.2 parts of Jingyang Streptomyces inoculant obtained in step (1), 1 part of arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculant obtained in step (1), 10 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer (mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, boron, iron, and zinc = 15:15:15:0.2:0.7:0.3:0.3:0.2), 0.05 parts of 3 mg / L gibberellin, and 15 parts of biochar (carbonized agricultural and forestry waste) to 20 parts of pure water and stir until evenly mixed to obtain compound nutrient granules.

[0031] The modified polyaspartic acid salt used was purchased from Wuhan Haisibi Chemical Co., Ltd. The phosphate buffer solution used was purchased from Changde Bickman Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The polylactic acid nonwoven fabric used was purchased from Suzhou Mingnuo New Material Technology Co., Ltd.

[0032] Example 1 This embodiment provides a method for preparing an ecological vegetation blanket, and the specific steps and parameter settings are as follows: S1, a superabsorbent resin (modified polyacrylate), a slow-release oxygenating agent (CaO2 powder), and a pH buffer (phosphate buffer) are mixed in a mass ratio of 5:3.4:1 to form an environmental conditioner; S2, mix 1 part environmental conditioner, 10 parts plant seeds, 10 parts compound nutrient granules and 20 parts biodegradable gel matrix (sodium alginate, chitosan and CaCl2 in a mass ratio of 15:3:20) to form a slurry for the functional core layer; the environmental conditioner contains; S3, the slurry is evenly applied to one side of the root-stabilizing layer-1 (polylactic acid nonwoven fabric) and the root-stabilizing layer-2 (polylactic acid nonwoven fabric), and the sides with the slurry applied are put together. The root-stabilizing layer-1 and the root-stabilizing layer-2 are fixed by hot pressing to form the intermediate body of the ecological vegetation blanket. S4. The anti-erosion layer (jute fiber weaving, mesh diameter = 30mm, thickness = 15mm) is superimposed with one of the root-fixing layers of the ecological vegetation blanket intermediate by a sewing process, and then vacuum dried to obtain the ecological vegetation blanket.

[0033] Example 2 This embodiment provides a method for preparing an ecological vegetation blanket, and the specific steps and parameter settings are as follows: S1, a superabsorbent resin (modified polyacrylate), a slow-release oxygenating agent (CaO2 powder), and a pH buffer (phosphate buffer) are mixed in a mass ratio of 8:5:1.5 to form an environmental conditioner; S2, mix 3 parts environmental conditioner, 15 parts plant seeds, 12 parts compound nutrient granules and 30 parts biodegradable gel matrix (sodium alginate, chitosan and CaCl2 in a mass ratio of 15:3:20) to form a slurry for the functional core layer; S3, the slurry is evenly applied to one side of the root-stabilizing layer-1 (polylactic acid nonwoven fabric) and the root-stabilizing layer-2 (polylactic acid nonwoven fabric), and the sides with the slurry applied are put together. The root-stabilizing layer-1 and the root-stabilizing layer-2 are fixed by hot pressing to form the intermediate body of the ecological vegetation blanket. S4. The anti-erosion layer (jute fiber weaving, mesh diameter = 30mm, thickness = 15mm) is superimposed with one of the root-fixing layers of the ecological vegetation blanket intermediate by a sewing process, and then vacuum dried to obtain the ecological vegetation blanket.

[0034] Example 3 This embodiment provides a method for preparing an ecological vegetation blanket, and the specific steps and parameter settings are as follows: S1, a superabsorbent resin (polyaspartate), a slow-release oxygenating agent (CaO2 powder), and a pH buffer (phosphate buffer) are mixed in a mass ratio of 7:6:2 to form an environmental conditioner; S2, mix 4 parts environmental regulator, 8 parts plant seeds, 13 parts compound nutrient granules and 40 parts biodegradable gel matrix (sodium alginate, chitosan and CaCl2 in a mass ratio of 15:3:20) to form a slurry for the functional core layer; S3, the slurry is evenly applied to one side of the root-stabilizing layer-1 (polylactic acid nonwoven fabric) and the root-stabilizing layer-2 (polylactic acid nonwoven fabric), and the sides with the slurry applied are put together. The root-stabilizing layer-1 and the root-stabilizing layer-2 are fixed by hot pressing to form the intermediate body of the ecological vegetation blanket. S4. The anti-erosion layer (sisal fiber weaving, mesh diameter = 30mm, thickness = 15mm) is superimposed with one of the root-fixing layers of the ecological vegetation blanket intermediate by a sewing process, and then vacuum dried to obtain the ecological vegetation blanket.

[0035] Example 4 This embodiment provides a method for preparing an ecological vegetation blanket, and the specific steps and parameter settings are as follows: S1, a superabsorbent resin (modified polyacrylate), a slow-release oxygenating agent (CaO2 powder), and a pH buffer (phosphate buffer) are mixed in a mass ratio of 5:7.5:0.5 to form an environmental conditioner; S2, mix 1 part environmental conditioner, 20 parts plant seeds, 10 parts compound nutrient granules and 50 parts biodegradable gel matrix (potassium alginate, chitosan and CaCl2 in a mass ratio of 10:5:10) to form a slurry for the functional core layer; S3, the slurry is evenly applied to one side of the root-stabilizing layer-1 (polylactic acid nonwoven fabric) and the root-stabilizing layer-2 (polylactic acid nonwoven fabric), and the sides with the slurry applied are put together. The root-stabilizing layer-1 and the root-stabilizing layer-2 are fixed by hot pressing to form the intermediate body of the ecological vegetation blanket. S4, using a sewing process, the erosion-resistant layer (woven from flax fibers, mesh diameter = 30mm, thickness = 15mm) is superimposed with one of the root-fixing layers of the ecological vegetation blanket intermediate, and then vacuum dried to obtain the ecological vegetation blanket.

[0036] Example 5 This embodiment provides a method for preparing an ecological vegetation blanket, and the specific steps and parameter settings are as follows: S1, a superabsorbent resin (modified polyacrylate), a slow-release oxygenating agent (CaO2 powder), and a pH buffer (phosphate buffer) are mixed in a mass ratio of 10:2.3:2.5 to form an environmental conditioner; S2, mix 5 parts environmental conditioner, 10 parts plant seeds, 15 parts compound nutrient granules and 20 parts biodegradable gel matrix (sodium alginate, chitosan and CaCl2 in a mass ratio of 20:2:10) to form a slurry for the functional core layer; S3, the slurry is evenly applied to one side of the root-stabilizing layer-1 (polylactic acid nonwoven fabric) and the root-stabilizing layer-2 (polylactic acid nonwoven fabric), and the sides with the slurry applied are put together. The root-stabilizing layer-1 and the root-stabilizing layer-2 are fixed by hot pressing to form the intermediate body of the ecological vegetation blanket. S4. The anti-erosion layer (coconut shell fiber weaving, mesh diameter = 30mm, thickness = 15mm) is superimposed with one of the root-fixing layers of the ecological vegetation blanket intermediate by a sewing process, and then vacuum dried to obtain the ecological vegetation blanket.

[0037] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example provides a method for preparing an ecological vegetation mat, which differs from Example 1 only in that, in S1, the environmental regulator is replaced with an equal mass of biodegradable gel matrix. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0038] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example provides a method for preparing an ecological vegetation mat, which differs from Example 1 only in that, in S1, no biodegradable gel matrix is ​​added; The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0039] Comparative Example 3 This comparative example provides a method for preparing an ecological vegetation mat, which differs from Example 1 only in that, in S1, the composite nutrient particles are replaced with an equal mass of biodegradable gel matrix. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0040] Comparative Example 4 This comparative example provides a method for preparing an ecological vegetation mat, which differs from Example 1 only in that, in S1, the modified polyacrylate in the environmental conditioner is replaced with an equal mass of CaO2 powder. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0041] Comparative Example 5 This comparative example provides a method for preparing an ecological vegetation mat, which differs from Example 1 only in that, in S1, the CaO2 powder in the environmental conditioner is replaced with an equal mass of modified polyacrylate. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0042] Comparative Example 6 This comparative example provides a method for preparing an ecological vegetation mat, which differs from Example 1 only in that, in S1, the phosphate buffer in the environmental conditioner is replaced with an equal mass of modified polyacrylate. The rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0043] Experimental Example 1 The ecological vegetation mats prepared in the various embodiments and comparative examples were applied to the ecological restoration project of the drawdown zone in the reservoir area of ​​a hydropower station. The ecological vegetation mats, with a length of 5m and a width of 1.2m, were placed on the soil in the drawdown zone area where the water level fluctuation range was within 1m. The vegetation mats were fixed to the soil surface of the drawdown zone using U-shaped ground nails with barbs. At the same time, the seeds of Bermuda grass, vetiver grass, and Cyperus rotundus were sown at the same sowing density on bare land of the same size and under the cover of ordinary vegetation mats (three-dimensional geotextile woven only with jute fiber, with a mesh diameter of 30mm and a thickness of 15mm). After one month of flooding, the germination and growth of herbaceous plants on the vegetation mats and bare land were recorded.

[0044] The vegetation cover in the germination and growth of the herbaceous plants was investigated using the quadrat method. Specifically, a (1m×1m) quadrat frame was randomly thrown 10 times in the area to be tested, and the area covered by vegetation within the frame was recorded each time. The vegetation cover was obtained by dividing the area by the area of ​​the quadrat frame, and the average value of the multiple throws was the vegetation cover of the area.

[0045] The specific results are shown in Table 1: Table 1 Plant germination and growth during flooding

[0046] The results showed that the environmental regulator, plant seeds, compound nutrient particles and biodegradable gel matrix in the functional core layer are the necessary functional components for the plant mat of this invention to demonstrate its resistance to flooding. At the same time, the addition of pH buffer and oxygenation agent plays an important role in the function of environmental regulator. The superabsorbent resin has little effect on seed germination and plant growth under flooded conditions.

[0047] Experiment Example 2 The ecological vegetation mats prepared in the various embodiments and comparative examples were applied in the ecological restoration project of the drawdown zone of the hydropower station reservoir. The ecological vegetation mats, with a length of 5m and a width of 1.2m, were placed on the soil in the drawdown zone area where the water level fluctuation range was within 1m. The vegetation mats were fixed to the soil surface of the drawdown zone using U-shaped ground nails with barbs. At the same time, the seeds of Bermuda grass, vetiver grass, and Cyperus rotundus were sown at the same sowing density on bare land of the same size and under the cover of ordinary vegetation mats (three-dimensional geotextile woven only with jute fiber, with a mesh diameter of 30mm and a thickness of 15mm). After a 2-month drought period, the germination of herbaceous plants on the vegetation mats and bare land was recorded.

[0048] The vegetation cover in the germination and growth of the herbaceous plants was investigated using the quadrat method. Specifically, a (1m×1m) quadrat frame was randomly thrown 10 times in the area to be tested, and the area covered by vegetation within the frame was recorded each time. The vegetation cover was obtained by dividing the area by the area of ​​the quadrat frame, and the average value of the multiple throws was the vegetation cover of the area.

[0049] The specific results are shown in Table 2: Table 2 Plant germination and growth during drought

[0050] The results showed that the environmental regulator, plant seeds, compound nutrient particles, and biodegradable gel matrix in the functional core layer were the key components that enhanced the drought resistance of vegetation after the drawdown zone of the invented vegetation blanket. The superabsorbent resin had a significant drought-resistant effect in the environmental regulator, and the compound nutrient particles had a promoting effect on vegetation growth. However, the drought-resistant effect of the slow-release oxygenator was not obvious.

[0051] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. An eco-geotextile blanket, characterized in that, From top to bottom, it comprises an anti-scouring layer, a root-fixing layer-1, a functional core layer and a root-fixing layer-2. The functional core layer comprises an environment regulator, plant seeds, composite nutrient particles and a degradable gel matrix, wherein the environment regulator comprises a super absorbent resin, a slow-release oxygen enhancer and a pH buffer component.

2. The eco-friendly vegetative blanket according to claim 1, wherein, The anti-scouring layer comprises a three-dimensional network structure woven by biodegradable natural fibers; Optionally, the mesh diameter of the three-dimensional network structure is 10-50 mm, and the thickness is 15-30 mm; Optionally, the biodegradable high-strength natural fibers comprise at least one of jute fibers, sisal fibers, flax fibers and coconut shell fibers.

3. The eco-friendly vegetative blanket according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The root-fixing layer-1 and the root-fixing layer-2 independently comprise at least one of polylactic acid non-woven fabric and polybutylene succinate non-woven fabric.

4. The eco-friendly vegetation mat according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The super absorbent resin comprises at least one of modified polyacrylic acid salt and polyaspartic acid salt; And / or, the slow-release oxygen enhancer comprises at least one of calcium oxide and sodium percarbonate; And / or, the pH buffer component comprises a phosphate buffer.

5. The eco-friendly vegetation mat according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, The degradable gel matrix comprises alginate, chitosan powder and a cationic crosslinking agent; Optionally, the alginate comprises at least one of sodium alginate and potassium alginate; Optionally, the cationic crosslinking agent comprises at least one of calcium chloride and calcium nitrate.

6. A method of preparing the eco-friendly vegetation blanket according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, It comprises the following steps: S1, mixing a super absorbent resin, a slow-release oxygen enhancer and a pH buffer to form an environment regulator; S2, mixing the environment regulator, plant seeds, composite nutrient particles and a degradable gel matrix to form a slurry of the functional core layer; S3, coating the slurry on one side surface of the root-fixing layer-1 and one side surface of the root-fixing layer-2 respectively, and fixing the root-fixing layer-1 and the root-fixing layer-2 by opposing the surfaces coated with the slurry to form an ecological vegetation mat intermediate; S4, preparing an anti-scouring layer, and fixing it with one of the root-fixing layers of the ecological vegetation mat intermediate, and obtaining the ecological vegetation mat after curing treatment.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the S1, the mass ratio of the super absorbent resin, the slow-release oxygen enhancer and the pH buffer component is (5-10):(2.3-7.5):(0.5-2.5); And / or, in the S2, the mass ratio of the environment regulator, the plant seeds, the composite nutrient particles and the degradable gel matrix is (1-5):(10-20):(10-15):(20-50); Optionally, the plant seeds further comprise pretreatment; And / or, the mass ratio of the controlled-release nutrient and the biochar particles in the composite nutrient particles is (5-15):(10-30); Optionally, the controlled-release nutrient comprises a nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer treated by coating, a composite microbial agent and a growth regulator.

8. The production method according to claim 6 or 7, characterized by, The fixing comprises at least one of needle punching, sewing forming or hot pressing compounding process; And / or, the curing treatment comprises one of low-temperature treatment or vacuum drying.

9. Application of the ecological vegetation mat of any one of claims 1-5 or the ecological vegetation mat prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 6-8 in a drawdown zone of a water-land alternating environment.

10. Use according to claim 9, characterized in that, The amphibious environment includes at least one of a reservoir, a lake, a river drawdown zone. The amphibious environment includes at least one of a reservoir, a lake, a river drawdown zone. The amphibious environment includes at

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