Novel high-performance connecting plate limiting device and mechanical model thereof
A novel connecting plate limiting device, which incorporates stiffening ribs and ductile reinforcement components in the bridge structure, solves the problem of insufficient deformation capacity in existing devices, improves the bending stiffness and ductility of the bridge, reduces the risk of disengagement, and achieves a high-performance connecting plate limiting effect.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610089853.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-01-22
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-06
AI Technical Summary
Existing connecting plate limiting devices in bridge structures are prone to damage under complex earthquakes or vehicle loads due to insufficient deformation capacity, and cannot meet the requirements of high ductility and high load-bearing capacity.
A novel high-performance connecting plate limiting device is designed, which is equipped with stiffening rib components and ductile reinforcement components, and is fixed between the web plates of the main beam by bolts to enhance the out-of-plane stiffness and ductility of the connecting plate and prevent premature cracking.
It significantly improves the strength and bending stiffness of bridge structures, reduces the risk of bridge disintegration, has a simple structure, low cost, is easy to install, and has a highly accurate prediction model that can effectively predict device behavior.
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Figure CN121611044A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge safety technology, and in particular to a novel high-performance connecting plate limiting device and its mechanical model. Background Technology
[0002] Bridge beam collapse failure is a typical type of earthquake damage where the superstructure of a bridge experiences excessive displacement relative to the substructure under seismic loading, causing the beam ends to detach from their supports or resulting in insufficient lap length and loss of load-bearing path. To prevent beam collapse failure, restraint devices are used in bridge structures. Connector plate restraint devices are considered the earliest form of seismic restraint devices. After the 1964 Niigata earthquake, many bridges suffered severe beam collapse failure. To address these issues, connector plates were added to bridges to prevent dislodging. Due to their simple design and ease of installation, this type of restraint device is widely used.
[0003] Existing connecting plate restraint devices have failed to meet performance expectations, with many suffering severe damage due to insufficient deformation capacity. For example, the approach bridge of Xigong Bridge experienced a seat detachment accident during an earthquake, primarily because the connecting plate restraint device generated enormous inertial forces in the superstructure, leading to the failure of the fixed supports. Consequently, the longitudinal displacement of the superstructure was unrestrained, resulting in the breakage of the connecting plate restraint device. This incident exposed the shortcomings of connecting plate restraint devices in earthquakes, especially when bridges are subjected to more complex earthquakes or vehicle loads, significantly increasing the demands on the ductility and load-bearing capacity of the restraint device. Existing restraint devices may be insufficient to meet structural requirements. There is an urgent need to develop a high-performance connecting plate restraint device with high ductility, bending stiffness, and high load-bearing capacity. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This application provides a novel high-performance connecting plate limiting device, which solves or partially solves the technical problems that the strength, ductility and bending stiffness of existing connecting plate limiting devices need to be improved, and further reduces the risk of bridge beam falling.
[0005] The novel high-performance connecting plate limiting device provided in this application is disposed between the web plates of the main beam and includes: a connecting plate, a stiffening rib assembly, a ductile reinforcement member, and two fasteners.
[0006] The connecting plate is provided with a first fixing hole and a second fixing hole, wherein the first fixing hole is a round hole and the second fixing hole is an oblong hole;
[0007] The stiffening rib assembly includes: stiffening rib I, stiffening rib II, and stiffening rib III. Stiffening rib I is disposed outside the first fixing hole, stiffening rib II is disposed outside the second fixing hole, and stiffening rib III is fixedly connected to stiffening rib I and stiffening rib II, respectively.
[0008] The fastener can slide within the second fixing hole; one fastener passing through the first fixing hole can connect and fix the connecting plate to one of the main beam webs, and another fastener passing through the second fixing hole can connect and fix the connecting plate to another adjacent main beam web;
[0009] The ductile reinforcement member is a flat circular ring structure, and the fastener can pass through the ductile reinforcement member to press and fix the ductile reinforcement member and the connecting plate on the web of the main beam.
[0010] Preferably, the arrangement direction of the elongated holes is the same as the arrangement direction of the web of the main beam.
[0011] Preferably, the shape of the No. I stiffening rib is adapted to the first fixing hole, and is a circular annular rib plate that is vertically fixed on the connecting plate;
[0012] The shape of the No. II stiffening rib is adapted to the second fixing hole, and is an elongated annular rib plate that is vertically fixed on the connecting plate;
[0013] The No. III stiffening rib is a flat plate that is vertically fixed to the connecting plate.
[0014] Preferably, the connecting plate is provided with stiffening rib I, stiffening rib II and stiffening rib III symmetrically on both sides.
[0015] Preferably, the inner diameter of the No. I stiffening rib is the same as the inner diameter of the arc portion of the No. II stiffening rib;
[0016] The outer radius R of the ductile reinforcement member d With the inner radius R of the No. I stiffening rib s The recommended value for the ratio is 0.9, and it should be no less than 0.9 during the design process.
[0017] Preferably, the fastener is a bolt.
[0018] Preferably, the connecting plate, the fastener, and the ductile reinforcement are all made of steel.
[0019] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a mechanical model of a novel high-performance connecting plate limiting device, used for the analysis and prediction of the novel high-performance connecting plate limiting device.
[0020] The mechanical model prediction formulas include: the ultimate strength prediction formula and the ultimate strength displacement prediction formula.
[0021] The formula for predicting the ultimate strength is as follows:
[0022] ;
[0023] Where η is a parameter, which is 1 here, and needs to be determined experimentally for other low-carbon steels; F is the applied load, f y Let S be the yield strength of the material, and S be the cross-sectional area excluding the pore area.
[0024] λ and φ are two parameters, expressed as follows:
[0025] ;
[0026] ;
[0027] The displacement prediction formula for the ultimate strength is:
[0028] ;
[0029] Where δ is the measured displacement; γ and β are both R j / R b The function is defined by the following formula:
[0030] ;
[0031] ;
[0032] R b R is the radius of the semicircular end of the connecting plate. l The radius of the first fixing hole, R j R is the inner radius of stiffening rib I. y S is the outer radius of the ductile reinforcement member. b S is the combined cross-sectional area of the connecting plate. j The cross-sectional area of the stiffening rib assembly is given.
[0033] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
[0034] The stiffening rib assembly of the novel high-performance connecting plate limiting device of this application enhances the out-of-plane stiffness of the connecting plate, helping to reduce the risk of bridge disintegration when the lateral displacement restraint structure fails, and improving the structural strength and out-of-plane bending stiffness of the bridge. The ductile reinforcement member, after fastening, ensures that its top and bottom contacts the connecting plate and fastener respectively. Once a specific deformation threshold is reached, the side of the ductile reinforcement member will contact stiffening rib I and / or stiffening rib II. This additional contact prevents premature crack initiation and promotes deformation in more areas of the connecting plate limiting device, thereby significantly enhancing its ductility. Furthermore, the device has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and is easy to use. It only requires simple processing and installation to be fixedly integrated with the bridge, making it convenient to assemble and highly practical.
[0035] The mechanical model of the novel high-performance connecting plate limiting device proposed in this application was developed through experiments and parametric analysis. A mechanical prediction model was proposed, and error analysis was performed by comparing the predicted values of the prediction model with the finite element analysis results. The error between the vast majority of the prediction results and the experimental values was within 5%, which indicates that the prediction model has high accuracy. This confirms the strong reliability of the model in accurately predicting the behavior of the connecting plate limiting device, and provides an effective and reliable design method for developing high-performance connecting plate limiting devices with high ductility and high load-bearing capacity. Attached Figure Description
[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0037] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the assembly of the novel high-performance connecting plate limiting device and the web of the main beam provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0038] Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a novel high-performance connecting plate limiting device with stiffening ribs on one side provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0039] Figure 3 A front view of the structure of the novel high-performance connecting plate limiting device with stiffening ribs on one side provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0040] Figure 4 A three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a novel high-performance connecting plate limiting device with stiffening ribs on both sides provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0041] Figure 5 Top view of the novel high-performance connecting plate limiting device with stiffening ribs on both sides provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0042] Figure 6 A schematic diagram comparing the test load-displacement curves and finite element results of a conventional connecting plate limiting device (OT) provided in this application embodiment;
[0043] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structural parameters of a conventional connecting plate limiting device provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0044] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structural parameters of the novel high-performance connecting plate limiting device provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0045] Figure 9 A comparison of the prediction results and analysis results provided for the embodiments of this application.
[0046] (The components represented by the numbers in the diagram are as follows: 1 connecting plate, 101 first fixing hole, 102 second fixing hole, 2 bolt, 3 main beam web, 4 ductile reinforcement member, 5 stiffening rib I, 6 stiffening rib II, 7 stiffening rib III) Detailed Implementation
[0047] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0048] See appendix Figure 1 and 2 The novel high-performance connecting plate limiting device provided in this application includes: a connecting plate 1, a ductile reinforcing member 4, a stiffening rib assembly, and a bolt 2. The connecting plate 1 is designed as a double-sided asymmetrical structure, with a circular first fixing hole 101 reserved on one side and an oblong second fixing hole 102 reserved on the other side. The arrangement direction of the second fixing hole 102 is the same as the arrangement direction of the web plate 3 of the main beam. When the adjacent web plates 3 of the main beam are thermally expanded and contracted, causing their positions to move closer or further apart, the bolt 2 can adaptably slide in the oblong hole, thereby preventing the limiting device from generating secondary internal forces on the structure.
[0049] See appendix Figure 2 and 3 The stiffening rib assembly consists of stiffening rib I (5), stiffening rib II (6), and stiffening rib III (7), see appendix. Figure 4 and 5 The connecting plate 1 is symmetrically provided with stiffening ribs No. I 5, No. II 6 and No. III 7 on both sides.
[0050] The stiffening rib assembly ensures local force transmission stability of the connecting plate 1, enhances the end stiffness of the connecting plate 1, and optimizes material usage. Furthermore, the stiffening rib assembly enhances out-of-plane stiffness, which helps reduce the risk of bridge beam collapse in the event of failure of the lateral displacement restraint components.
[0051] Meanwhile, on the side of the connecting plate 1 where the stiffening rib assembly is provided, ductile reinforcement members 4 are respectively provided corresponding to the first fixing hole 101 and the second fixing hole 102. The entire device is fixed between the web plates 3 of the main beam by left and right bolts 2. The bolts 2 pass through the ductile reinforcement members 4, pressing and fixing the ductile reinforcement members 4 and the connecting plate 1 onto the web plates 3 of the main beam.
[0052] The specific structure of the ductile reinforcement member 4 is a flat hollow cylinder. After fastening, it is ensured that its top and bottom are in contact with the connecting plate 1 and bolt 2 respectively. Once a specific deformation threshold is reached, the side of the ductile reinforcement member 4 will contact the No. I stiffening rib 5 and / or the No. II stiffening rib 6. The contact between the two can promote the deformation of more areas of the connecting plate limiting device to prevent premature cracking, thereby significantly enhancing its ductility.
[0053] In a preferred embodiment, the inner diameter of stiffening rib 5 (No. I) is the same as the inner diameter of the arc portion of stiffening rib 6 (No. II); the outer radius R of the ductile reinforcement member 4 is... y The inner radius R of stiffening rib I j The ratio (R) y / R j The recommended value is 0.9, and it should be no less than 0.9 during the design process.
[0054] The connecting plate 1, bolt 2 and ductile reinforcement member 4 are all made of steel. Specifically, the connecting plate 1 and the stiffening rib assembly are both made of SS400 steel (or other low-carbon steel); the ductile reinforcement member 4 is made of SM570 steel (or other high-strength steel) to ensure that it maintains its elasticity and avoids plastic deformation during the test.
[0055] This application also provides a novel mechanical prediction model for a high-performance connecting plate limiting device, used for the design (analysis and prediction) of a novel high-performance connecting plate limiting device. The model can be obtained through the following steps:
[0056] 1. Conduct material property tests on connecting plate 1 and steel to obtain the specimen load-displacement curve, the material property test load-displacement curve, and obtain the material property test constitutive parameters;
[0057] 2. Establish finite element models of the connecting plate limiting device (including the traditional connecting plate limiting device (OT) and the new high-performance connecting plate limiting device) and the material property specimen. First, determine the constitutive model in the finite element model using the finite element models of the material property specimen and the OT specimen, including: elastic modulus, Poisson's ratio, stress-strain model under large deformation, and metal fracture model considering the low-stress triaxiality region. Verify the rationality of the finite element modeling method by comparing the OT test load-displacement curves with the finite element results. See Appendix. Figure 6 ;
[0058] 3. Perform parametric analysis on the test specimens to determine the influence of each parameter on the mechanical properties. Specific parameters include: (see appendix) Figure 7 and 8 The ratio of the radius of the ductile reinforcement member 4 to the radius of the stiffening rib R y / R j The radius ratio R between the stiffening rib and the hole in the connecting plate s / R h、The area ratio S between the connecting plate 1 and the stiffening rib assembly at section I-I or II-II b / S j The ratio of the hole radius to the connecting plate radius R l / R b .
[0059] 4. In step 3, parametric analysis was performed, and a predictive model for a novel high-performance connecting plate limiting device considering geometry and material properties was developed. Error analysis was conducted by comparing the predicted values with the finite element results.
[0060] Parametric analysis shows that after the novel high-performance connecting plate limiting device enters the plastic stage, its tangential stiffness gradually decreases and then remains approximately constant. To simplify the model and facilitate design, the prediction model is defined as a bilinear model, neglecting the variable stiffness stage after the limiting device enters the plastic stage. According to the finite element analysis results, the yield displacement and yield load of the bilinear model are 0.37ε. y R l and ηf y S, where η is the steel strength correction coefficient. In this example, η is 1. For other steels, it needs to be determined through experiments.
[0061] Parametric analysis results show that R y / R j It has a significant impact on the ultimate strength, and when R y / R j When R < 0.9, j / R b It also has some influence on the ultimate tensile strength, while the influence of other parameters is negligible. Therefore, a prediction formula for the ultimate tensile strength is proposed, as shown below:
[0062]
[0063] Where η is a parameter, which is 1 here, and needs to be determined experimentally for other low-carbon steels; F is the applied load, f y Let S be the yield strength of the material, and S be the cross-sectional area excluding the pore area.
[0064] λ and φ are two parameters, which are R j / R b The function is defined by the following formula:
[0065]
[0066]
[0067] Extensibility is affected by three parameters: R y / R j R j / Rb and S b / S j Therefore, the displacement prediction formula for ultimate strength can be expressed as:
[0068]
[0069] Where δ is the measured displacement; γ and β are both R j / R b The function is defined by the following formula:
[0070]
[0071]
[0072] 5. By comparing the predicted values of the mechanical model prediction formula with the calculation results of the finite element analysis, the accuracy of the mechanical model prediction formula is determined.
[0073] To verify the accuracy of the prediction model, Figure 9 (a) and 9(b) compare the predicted results obtained from the proposed formula with the finite element analysis (FEA) results and perform error analysis. The solid diagonal line indicates perfect agreement between the predicted and experimental values, while the dashed lines above and below represent the error range of ±5%. Most data points are closely clustered near the diagonal line, with only a few deviations falling within ±5%. Figure 9 (c), (d), (e), and (f) show the curves for four selected finite element models as examples, where the predicted values are in high agreement with the finite element analysis results. Overall, the results demonstrate that the predictive model has high accuracy, with the vast majority of predictions falling within 5% of the experimental values, thus confirming the model's strong reliability in accurately predicting the behavior of high-performance connecting plate limiting devices.
[0074] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A novel high-performance connecting plate limiting device, characterized in that, The connecting plate is arranged between the web plates of the main girder and comprises a connecting plate, a stiffening rib assembly, a ductility enhancement member and two fasteners. The connecting plate is provided with a first fixing hole and a second fixing hole. The stiffening rib assembly comprises a first stiffening rib, a second stiffening rib and a third stiffening rib. The first stiffening rib is arranged outside the first fixing hole, the second stiffening rib is arranged outside the second fixing hole, and the third stiffening rib is fixedly connected with the first stiffening rib and the second stiffening rib. The fasteners can slide in the second fixing hole.
2. The novel high-performance connecting plate limiting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, One of the fasteners can connect and fix the connecting plate with one of the web plates of the main girder through the first fixing hole, and the other fastener can connect and fix the connecting plate with another adjacent web plate of the main girder through the second fixing hole. The ductility enhancement member is a flat circular ring structure, and the fasteners can pass through the ductility enhancement member to press and fix the ductility enhancement member and the connecting plate on the web plate of the main girder. The arrangement direction of the oblong hole is the same as the arrangement direction of the web plate of the main girder.
3. The novel high-performance connecting plate limiting device of claim 2, wherein The shape of the first stiffening rib is adapted to the first fixing hole and is a circular ring rib plate fixed vertically on the connecting plate.
4. The novel high-performance connecting plate limiting device of claim 3, wherein The shape of the second stiffening rib is adapted to the second fixing hole and is an oblong circular ring rib plate fixed vertically on the connecting plate.
5. A mechanical model of a novel high-performance connecting plate limiting device, characterized in that, The third stiffening rib is a flat plate fixed vertically on the connecting plate. The two sides of the connecting plate are respectively and symmetrically provided with the first stiffening rib, the second stiffening rib and the third stiffening rib. Analysis and prediction of the novel high-performance connecting plate limiting device of any one of claims 1-4, ； wherein, wherein η is a steel material strength correction coefficient, F is an applied load, f y is the yield strength of the material, and S is the cross-sectional area of the area free of holes. The mechanical model prediction formula comprises a limit strength prediction formula and a displacement prediction formula of limit strength. ； ； The limit strength prediction formula is as follows: λ and φ are two parameters, and the specific formula is as follows: The displacement prediction formula of limit strength is as follows: where γ and β are both functions of R j / R b and δ is the measured displacement, which is given by the following equation: ； ； R b R is the radius of the semicircular end of the connecting plate l R is the radius of the first fixing hole j R is the inner radius of the first stiffening rib y S is the outer radius of the ductility enhancement member b S is the total cross-sectional area of the connecting plate j S is the cross-sectional area of the stiffening rib assembly