UV-400 anti-ultraviolet intelligent glasses based on copper iodine cluster fluorescent solar concentrator

Abstract

The invention relates to a pair of UV-400 ultraviolet-proof intelligent glasses based on a copper iodine cluster fluorescent solar concentrator, belongs to the technical field of ultraviolet protection, and adds an ultraviolet protection function and a solar charging function which are not possessed by traditional intelligent glasses. According to the glasses lens, the surface of the base material is coated with the copper-iodine cluster composite film to prepare a fluorescent solar concentrator, broad-spectrum ultraviolet absorption in the wave band of 250-400 nm is achieved, the full wave bands of UV-A, UV-B and UV-C are covered, a solar cell module is coupled, and the solar charging function is achieved. Compared with traditional intelligent glasses, the intelligent glasses have the advantages that the ultraviolet protection function and the solar charging function can be achieved, the lenses have high light transmittance and extremely low chromatic aberration, and the problem of visual color cast is avoided. The lens material provided by the invention has the following three advantages: 1, the absorption spectrum is continuous and has no gap, thereby avoiding the problem of insufficient wave band coverage of an organic material; 2, the copper-iodine cluster is environment-friendly and does not contain persistent pollutants limited by European Union; and thirdly, compared with the traditional ultraviolet-proof material, the ultraviolet-proof material has better light stability. The film can be combined with glass or a resin base material through processes such as spin coating, blade coating or ultraviolet polymerization, and has no obvious chromatic aberration. The problems that in the prior art, the ultraviolet protection technology is poor, and the cruising ability is weak are solved, and efficient utilization of clean energy is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ultraviolet (UV) protection materials and devices, specifically to a fluorescent solar concentrator based on copper-iodine clusters. This material exhibits strong absorption characteristics in the 250-400nm wavelength range (i.e., UV-A, UV-B, and UV-C bands), and can be fabricated into a transparent thin film and coated onto glass or resin substrates, providing efficient, stable, and non-toxic UV protection. It is particularly suitable for eye protection products requiring high light transmittance and low color difference. Smart glasses made from this material not only have high light transmittance and extremely low color difference but also provide UV protection. When connected to a solar charging module, they can also simultaneously perform solar charging functions. Background Technology

[0002] The importance of ultraviolet (UV) protection in modern life is increasingly prominent. Statistics show that globally, over 15 million new cases of cataracts are caused by excessive UV exposure each year, and the incidence of skin cancer has increased by approximately 50% in the past 30 years, with about 90% of non-melanoma skin cancers related to UV-A or UV-B radiation. Currently, UV-protective glass mainly relies on organic UV absorbers such as benzotriazoles, triazines, and salicylates. However, these materials have significant drawbacks: First, their absorption bands are narrow (e.g., benzotriazoles are mainly effective in the 300-400 nm range), failing to cover the entire UV band; second, the absorption spectra of these organic materials all extend into the visible light band, affecting visible light transmittance while providing UV protection; third, benzotriazole compounds have been listed as persistent organic pollutants by the EU and their use is restricted, while salicylates pose potential hazards to the ecological environment; furthermore, organic materials have poor photostability and are prone to photobleaching under prolonged exposure to light. UV protection technology based on metal nanoclusters (such as copper-iodine clusters) exhibits significant advantages: its broad-spectrum absorption up to 400 nm comprehensively covers UV-A, UV-B, and most UV-C bands; the materials are primarily composed of elements such as gold, silver, and copper, and do not contain heavy metals, making them more biofriendly and environmentally friendly; copper-iodine cluster fluorescent solar concentrators demonstrate excellent stability. Therefore, developing UV protective glass based on metal nanoclusters is of great significance for meeting the growing demand for health protection and overcoming the environmental and performance bottlenecks of existing technologies.

[0003] While smart glasses on the market now integrate multiple functions and their adoption rate is increasing, they have significant shortcomings in UV protection. Furthermore, they require additional accessories such as charging cables and power banks, making them inconvenient for everyday use. Existing products mostly rely on traditional filter coatings or photochromic materials for UV protection. These solutions either lack sufficient filtration precision, failing to simultaneously cover the entire UV-A, UV-B, and UV-C bands, or suffer from protection lag, failing to quickly adapt to changes in light conditions when switching between strong outdoor light and low indoor light. Prolonged exposure to UV radiation exacerbates eye fatigue and damages the cornea and retina. Smart glasses users often need to use them outdoors for extended periods, making precise and efficient UV protection particularly crucial. Traditional solutions are no longer sufficient to meet the comprehensive requirements of high light transmittance, low color difference, and stable protection. Against the backdrop of the global energy crisis, the demand for clean energy is increasing. Copper-iodine cluster UV-absorbing fluorescent solar concentrators provide a core solution for upgrading the protection and battery life of smart glasses. Their integration with smart glasses can achieve dual optimization of functionality and user experience. In terms of protective performance, the film achieves strong absorption across the entire ultraviolet band of 250-400nm, while maintaining extremely high visible light transmittance and virtually no color difference perceptible to the naked eye. This avoids the visual color distortion problems caused by traditional filters and effectively blocks ultraviolet rays from harming the eyes. Furthermore, solar charging directly converts light energy into electrical energy, enabling smart glasses to utilize clean energy with zero emissions and zero pollution throughout the process, aligning with the concept of low-carbon living and contributing to alleviating the global energy crisis. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems of existing materials, this invention provides a UV-400 anti-ultraviolet glass based on copper-iodine clusters, solving the issues present in the prior art. High-quality copper-iodine clusters are synthesized using appropriate methods, and key parameters such as solubility and absorption spectrum are adjusted by controlling the type, proportion, and reaction conditions of raw materials. The obtained high-performance cluster material is thoroughly mixed with a polymer and then deposited on a suitable substrate using methods such as blade coating, plating, and UV polymerization. The film thickness can be adjusted to regulate its UV absorption capacity, achieving different levels of UV protection. Simultaneously, methods such as blade coating allow the film to be directly coated onto the surface of the waveguide lens or lens substrate of smart glasses, with a thickness only on the micrometer scale, achieving a breakthrough in both portability and adaptability. Extremely high visible light transmittance and almost imperceptible color difference avoid the visual color distortion problems caused by traditional filters. When sunlight shines on the lens glass, the copper-iodine cluster material absorbs specific wavelength components of broadband sunlight and converts them into longer-wavelength fluorescence, completing the conversion from solar energy to electrical energy, enabling the charging function of the smart glasses. In outdoor settings, the glasses can automatically charge simply by being exposed to natural light, reducing the reliance on power outlets for traditional charging and enhancing the battery life of smart glasses. The properties of some of the materials and devices involved in this invention are as follows:

[0005] Figure 1 Absorption and emission spectra of high-performance copper-iodine clusters.

[0006] Figure 2 JV characteristic curves of UV-400 UV-protective glass based on copper-iodine clusters under standard sunlight.

[0007] Figure 3 A physical image of the prepared UV-400 UV-protective glass based on copper-iodine clusters. The material emits yellow visible light when excited by strong ultraviolet light.

[0008] Figure 4 A picture of the assembled UV-400 UV-protective smart glasses model. Detailed Implementation

[0009] To elaborate on the technical implementation path of the present invention, the following will further describe the implementation methods of the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be noted that the selection of the following embodiments is intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention in a verifiable manner, and its core function is to provide clear technical understanding and application guidance for those skilled in the art, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention through enumeration.

[0010] It should be particularly noted that, unless otherwise specified, the process methods, testing procedures, or experimental operations cited in the embodiments and comparative examples of this invention refer to common technical means known in the art; the names of process steps, abbreviations of materials, and other expressions involved are all standard terms widely recognized in this technical field. Relevant practitioners can accurately call upon known technical paths based on the above-mentioned common names and complete specific implementations according to industry standard operating procedures or guidance parameters provided by equipment suppliers.

[0011] The instruments, equipment, raw materials, and reagents used in the embodiments of this invention are selected without involving specific supply chain restrictions and all meet any of the following acquisition conditions: ① standardized industrial products that can be purchased through open commercial channels; ② capable of being prepared independently according to synthesis methods or processing techniques generally known to those skilled in the art. The specifications and usage of the above materials all conform to the conventional application requirements of the relevant technical field. Example Example 1

[0012] 1 gram of PMMA (molecular weight approximately 350,000) was weighed and dispersed in chloroform solvent, then sonicated to ensure thorough dispersion. Subsequently, 15 mg of a chloroform dispersion of copper-iodine cluster crystals was added to the solution, the mixture was sealed and stirred overnight to obtain a homogeneous slurry. The slurry was centrifuged at 2000 rpm, and the supernatant was dropwise added to the surface of a borosilicate glass substrate. A uniform film was then formed using either spin coating or blade coating. Spin coating is suitable for the preparation of small-sized UV-400 UV-protective glass, while blade coating is suitable for large-scale, mass production.

[0013] Using UV-curable adhesive with a refractive index match, a size-matched solar cell is coupled to the side edge of the lens's concentrating layer, achieving the conversion of light energy into electrical energy. The JV characteristic curve is measured under AM1.5G standard irradiation conditions using a Keithley 2400 source meter connected to the circuitry to evaluate photoelectric conversion efficiency and concentrating gain. Furthermore, the electrical module is integrated into the smart glasses assembly, and its compatibility with the glasses structure is achieved through assembly processes. Finally, its ability to continuously power the glasses' circuitry is verified through natural light irradiation experiments. Example 2

[0014] A PDMS prepolymer (substrate and curing agent) at a mass ratio of 5:1 was uniformly mixed with a 0.05 wt% copper-iodine cluster solution. After vacuum degassing, the mixture was injected into a glass mold, with the liquid level controlled to be slightly higher than the edge of the mold. The mixture was then cured in an oven at 60–80 °C for 2.5 h. After peeling off the mold, a copper-iodine cluster-based UV-protective film was obtained. Next, the film was encapsulated inside a lens to obtain a fluorescent solar concentrator.

[0015] Using UV-curable adhesive with a refractive index matching the substrate, a suitably sized solar cell is fixed to the side of the eyeglass frame, creating a solar fluorescent concentrator. This concentrator is then connected to a Keithley 2400 standard solar cell source meter. Its JV curve is recorded under standard sunlight. The solar fluorescent concentrator is then encapsulated with a designed eyeglass model, enabling it to charge the smart glasses' circuitry under illumination. Example 3

[0016] The prepared copper-iodine cluster particles were dispersed in a chloroform solution, and after vacuum filtration to remove the solvent, nitrogen gas was continuously purged to prevent sample oxidation. Then, lauryl methacrylate (LMA) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDM) were mixed at a mass ratio of 5:1, and the ultraviolet initiator diphenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphine oxide (TPO) was added. The solution was then sonicated until clear. This mixture was then poured into a mold consisting of two glass plates and a flexible rubber gasket. The mixture inside the mold was irradiated with ultraviolet light for 10 minutes to initiate the polymerization reaction, followed by standing in the dark for 30 minutes with the mold closed to prevent cracking. Finally, the molded plate was annealed at 60–80°C for 10 minutes and cooled to room temperature to complete the preparation.

[0017] Using a UV-curable adhesive with a matching refractive index, a size-appropriate solar cell is optically coupled to the side edge of the lens's concentrating layer, completing the circuit's conversion of light energy into electrical energy. The circuit is connected using a Keithley 2400 standard solar cell source meter, and its JV characteristic curve is tested under AM1.5G standard irradiation to evaluate photoelectric conversion efficiency and concentrating gain. The electrical module is then integrated into the smart glasses component, achieving precise matching with the glasses structure through assembly processes. Finally, natural light experiments verify its effectiveness in continuously powering the glasses' circuitry.

Claims

1. A UV-400 anti-UV intelligent glasses based on copper-iodine cluster fluorescent solar concentrator, characterized in that, The main body is a substrate such as a glass or resin material coated with a copper-iodine cluster-based material for absorbing ultraviolet components in sunlight or artificial light sources.

2. The copper iodide cluster of claim 1, wherein, The size is in the nanometer scale, has good stability, and the absorption spectrum covers the ultraviolet band with a wavelength less than 400 nm, reducing damage to organisms.

3. A UV-400 anti-UV intelligent glasses based on copper-iodine cluster fluorescent solar concentrator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The copper-iodine cluster material is dispersed in the polymer material and attached to the substrate using a scraping, coating, or ultraviolet polymerization process to form a single-layer structure, i.e., a copper-iodine cluster material / substrate, or a multi-layer overlapping structure of the copper-iodine cluster material and the substrate to enhance its function.

4. The polymeric material of claim 3, wherein, It can be polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), or other materials that can be used for film formation.

5. The substrate of claim 3, wherein, It can be quartz glass, borosilicate glass, or similar substrates that can be used for film coating.

6. A UV-400 anti-UV intelligent eyeglass based on copper-iodine cluster fluorescent solar concentrator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lens has strong absorption properties for light in the 250-400 nm wavelength range (i.e., the UV-A, UV-B, and UV-C bands), enabling efficient, stable, and non-toxic ultraviolet protection.

7. A UV-400 anti-UV intelligent eyeglass based on copper-iodine cluster fluorescent solar concentrator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lens has high light transmittance and extremely low chromatic aberration, with good stability.

8. The UV-400 intelligent anti-ultraviolet glasses based on copper-iodine cluster fluorescent solar concentrator according to claim 1, characterized in that, When connected to a solar charging module, solar energy can be converted into electrical energy, enabling the use of clean energy.

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