2308 results about "Smartglasses" patented technology

Automatic generation of in-store product information and navigation guidance, using Augmented Reality (AR) and a Vision-and-Language Model (VLM) and multi-modal Artificial Intelligence (AI). An automated method includes: providing to the VLM images that are captured within a retailer venue by an electronic device that is a smartphone or an AR device or smart glasses; (b) automatically feeding into the VLM those images, or pre-sliced or pre-cropped image-portions of those images that were sliced or cropped using Machine Learning that performs object boundaries detection and not product recognition; (c) invoking the VLM to generate outputs of VLM analysis of content of those fed images or image-portions. The VLM outputs can be: VLM-based product recognition, VLM-based product-related information, VLM-generated virtual shopping assistance, VLM-generated in-store navigation guidance, or other VLM-generated outputs. Based on the VLM-generated outputs, the electronic device provides real-time information about products depicted in the images, VLM-generated shopping assistance, and VLM-generated in-store navigation guidance.

The invention provides a smart glasses AI voice interaction method, which comprises the following steps: simultaneously acquiring a user gesture image and a voice signal, acquiring a user historical interaction record, extracting key point coordinates and pointing direction information of the gesture image, acquiring hand distance information, generating a gesture motion path, simultaneously extracting frequency spectrum information and an intonation peak value of the voice signal, and generating a gesture motion path; forming a voice beat sequence; extracting a spatial semantic mode of the gesture and voice fusion data, and recognizing a core object of a user pointing instruction according to pointing coordinates of a gesture motion path and an intonation peak value of a voice beat sequence; after the core object pointing to the instruction is recognized, the user intention is determined in combination with the spatial semantic mode and the historical interaction record of the user; and the complete intention analysis result is output to the intelligent glasses display module to execute corresponding operation, and is fed back to the acquisition module to adjust the next capture parameters including the acquisition frequency and the recognition sensitivity, so that the response speed and the accuracy are improved.

A computer-implemented system and method for pupil-directed retinal projection in near-eye displays are disclosed. The computer-implemented system provides smart glasses with directed physical pixels that project light beams / signals directly onto a user's retina based on pupil position and size. The glasses comprise a frame, lenses with directed pixel layers, and sensors for tracking pupil movement. Each directed pixel may generate multiple virtual pixels by rapidly changing its emission angle. The glasses function as prescription lenses, virtual reality displays, and augmented reality devices without traditional optical systems. Additional features include depth sensors, cameras, and connectivity to peripheral devices. The glasses enable a seamless blend of virtual and real-world experiences, creating an immersive “Mixverse” environment. Various input methods, including gesture recognition and brain-computer interfaces, allow for intuitive control and interaction.

The invention discloses an image processing method and system for intelligent glasses, and relates to the technical field of image recognition. The method comprises the following steps: synchronizing and preprocessing data collected by heterogeneous sensors in the intelligent glasses; constructing a global space-time coordinate system; a high-risk area is determined through dynamic saliency analysis, a high-resolution detection ROI is generated, full-pixel analysis is performed on a focus area, and an obstacle list with 3D positions, categories and danger levels is output; and generating a personalized safety path through a safety corridor generation algorithm based on the 3D position of the obstacle, the motion model of the visually impaired person and the real-time position. Data collected by heterogeneous sensors in the intelligent glasses are synchronized, a global space-time coordinate system is constructed, path planning is performed after obstacles are identified, high-frequency IMU angular velocity data and a self-adaptive optical flow correction network are fused, the image reverse compensation precision in a dynamic scene is improved, and navigation safety in a complex scene is guaranteed.

An AI-powered augmented reality (AR) system for optimizing product placement and customer loyalty. The system includes: • a user interaction data collection unit configured to monitor consumer behavior in real time in any retail scenario (point-of-sale POS, online e-commerce and shopping areas within a public virtual technology space), with the unit analyzing consumer movement patterns, engagement metrics, eye-tracking and purchase intent; • an intelligent spatial mapping module to build a contextual understanding of high-traffic zones, underutilized areas and high-quality product placements using heatmap analysis, other spatial computer algorithms and the live movement of consumers; • A model-based product placement recommender based on machine learning, which uses one or more DL-based predictive models trained by importing current sales data, historical text interaction data, and consumer preference data to suggest optimal product placement so that customers see the advertisement and are likely to click through it to ensure a conversion. • a customer-centric, real-time AR visualization interface configured to allow customers to experience digitally enhanced product presentations directly via mobile AR applications, smart glasses, or in-store digital kiosks, enabling customers to preview product placements, rotate and resize objects, and visualize interactive advertising content before purchasing; • a customized advertising and sales promotion engine configured to generate augmented reality-based marketing content and provide users with tailored promotions and interactive ads based at least in part on an analysis of consumer sentiment by the system, as well as information on location data or consumer interaction history, wherein the customized advertising and sales promotion engine personalizes the configuration instructions for advertising and sales promotion to encourage consumer interaction and achieve higher sales revenues; • A secure, cloud-based data processing and analytics unit that uses an automated engagement model to link online and in-store sales information with established activity models for product placement decisions. The unit leverages AI-powered consumer insights to continuously recommend product placement changes based on a variety of programmatic retail trends; • a privacy-friendly AI module based on federated learning and on-device AI processing, providing consumer behavior analytics while complying with global data protection regulations and preventing the use of open data; • a processing framework characterized by a low-power mode suitable for AR rendering and AI calculations, and implemented via dynamic voltage scaling and energy management techniques for seamless and sustainable operation; The system according to claim 1, wherein the user interaction data capture unit further comprises an eye-tracking and sentiment analysis sub-module, wherein the sub-module detects facial expressions, emotional reactions, and attention levels of consumers in real time to determine the effectiveness of product placements and advertising strategies.

1. Name of the product in this design: Smart Glasses. 2. Purpose of this design: It can be worn on the head like regular glasses and has the functions of receiving voice signals and displaying a screen. 3. The key design feature of this product is its shape. 4. The image or photograph that best illustrates the design's key points: 3D view 1.

The invention relates to a positioning method of large-space intelligent glasses, head display equipment and a storage medium, belongs to the technical field of meta-cosmic space calculation, and is suitable for a meta-cosmic positioning function that the head display equipment of players in a multi-user interaction large space can directly interact without learning or reasoning of a central server. A plurality of different texture pictures are arranged on the bottom surface or the ceiling of a large space, any camera on the intelligent glasses is used for collecting images, the texture pictures are recognized from the images collected by the camera T, picture information corresponding to the texture pictures is obtained, the world position of the camera T can be obtained through geometric calculation, and the texture pictures are displayed on the intelligent glasses. The method can be quickly realized on local head-mounted display equipment, so that the learning process of a server or the delay of image reasoning and position information returning and errors caused by a positioning sensor are avoided, and the problem of errors caused by long distance of a large-space site or shielded texture pictures is also avoided.

The invention relates to intelligent glasses, an interaction method and device of the intelligent glasses, electronic equipment and a medium. The sensing module, the decision making module, the execution module and the feedback module are arranged on the glasses body so as to sense multi-dimensional environment data of a surrounding environment and current behavior data of a user in a preset intelligent interaction mode, predict a behavior intention of the user, track a first behavior change of the user and a first environment change of the surrounding environment and send the first behavior change to the feedback module; and determining an instruction chain meeting a preset execution condition, executing the instruction chain to track a second behavior change of the user based on the instruction chain, and optimizing a generation algorithm of the instruction chain based on the second behavior change. Therefore, the technical problems that in the related technology, the intelligent wearable device understands the environment in a one-sided mode, interaction is passive, the intelligent wearable device can only operate according to a set rule, the intelligent level is insufficient, convenience cannot be provided for a user, and normal use of the user is easily affected are solved.

Smart glasses and an electronic device are provided. The smart glasses include a glasses frame, a glasses temple, and an electronic component. The glasses frame is connected to the glasses temple, and the electronic component is disposed in the glasses temple. The glasses temple may include a bending adjustment portion, and the bending adjustment portion includes a flexible housing and a flexible metal member. The flexible housing is of a low-pressure integrated structure and is provided with a hollow accommodation cavity. The flexible metal member is embedded in the accommodation cavity. The bending adjustment portion in the smart glasses is bendable.

The utility model discloses a hinge assembly and intelligent glasses. The hinge assembly comprises a fixed part, a movable part and a connecting part, wherein the fixed part is provided with a fixed end and a connecting end, the fixed end is fixedly connected with a glasses frame of the intelligent glasses, the movable part is provided with a mounting end and a switching end, and the mounting end is fixedly connected with glasses legs of the intelligent glasses; the connecting piece is installed on the connecting end, the switching end is provided with a sleeving part, the sleeving part is connected to the connecting piece in a sleeving mode, and the connecting piece is in damping contact fit with the sleeving part, so that the movable piece is kept in an unfolded state or a folded state. Through the arrangement, the problem that the weight of the AR glasses is not favorably reduced due to the fact that the hinge structure of the existing AR glasses is relatively complex and large in size is effectively solved.

The invention discloses an intelligent glasses system based on self-adaptive vision correction and multi-mode interaction and an implementation method thereof.The intelligent glasses system comprises a glasses frame, a loudspeaker, a solar power supply module, liquid crystal variable-focus lenses, an energy storage module, a data acquisition module and a data processing module, and the method comprises the steps that 1, data acquisition is conducted; step 2, vision detection and correction; step 3, performing multi-mode health monitoring; step 4, performing man-machine interaction; 5, emotion recognition and management; step 6, intelligent fatigue prevention; step 7, augmented reality; step 8, energy management; according to the invention, wavefront sensing and liquid crystal variable-focus lenses are adopted, so that vision monitoring and automatic correction are realized; comprehensive health management is provided by monitoring multiple physiological parameters; natural interaction is realized based on gesture and voice recognition; fusing the expression and the voice to recognize an emotional state and providing suggestions; detecting fatigue based on eye movement features, and adjusting parameters; navigation, translation and object recognition services are provided; a solar power supply module is additionally arranged to prolong the endurance time.

Systems and methods for autofilling and autocorrecting an AI supported UI form text field via smart glasses are provided. The data autofillted and autocorrected may be identification data, including account numbers and user IDs. The smart glasses may work together with a conversation tracking application and a smart glasses UI. Methods may include prompting agents based on real-time conversational analysis with context clues and texts to assist and maintain customer eye contact. Methods may further include capturing segments of data within conversational analysis and storing the segments of data in memory on the smart glasses. Methods may further include updating smart glasses UI form text fields based on AI supported autocorrection from real-time conversation, by autofilling the segment of data in the smart glasses UI form text fields.

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent glasses production equipment, and discloses intelligent glasses leg metal shielding cover frame automatic rubber ring pasting equipment which comprises a feeding sliding table, a glasses positioning table, an outer supporting attaching assembly used for pressing the inner side face of a rubber ring, and an opposite extrusion attaching assembly used for pressing the upper face and the lower face of the rubber ring. And the release paper adsorption positioning assembly is used for accurately positioning release paper to which the rubber rings to be assembled are adhered on the periphery of the frame of the metal shielding cover to which the rubber rings are to be adhered on the inner sides of the left glasses leg and the right glasses leg, and the equipment utilizes the glasses positioning table to position and limit the glasses frame and the glasses legs to which the rubber rings are to be adhered. Then the release paper adsorbing and positioning assembly is used for manually positioning and adsorbing the release paper pasted with the rubber ring firstly and then automatically positioning and adsorbing the release paper pasted with the rubber ring, then the outer supporting and attaching assembly and the opposite extruding and attaching assembly are used for automatically assisting in pasting the inner side face, the upper face and the lower face of the rubber ring respectively, the precise automatic pasting action is completed in a narrow space, the pasting position precision is high, and the production efficiency is high.

The invention relates to an intelligent glasses control method and system based on multi-modal privacy protection, and the method comprises the steps: collecting multi-modal sensory data of a user, carrying out the preprocessing of the multi-modal sensory data, and generating sensory sharing data; analyzing the sensory shared data by using a multi-modal privacy feature extraction algorithm to generate a privacy feature vector; classifying and identifying the privacy feature vectors based on a multi-layer privacy judgment rule to obtain a judgment result; performing data processing based on processing logic in the multi-layer privacy decision rule to generate shared data after privacy protection processing; storing the shared data subjected to privacy protection processing to a cloud end, retrieving the corresponding shared data subjected to privacy protection processing from the cloud end according to the sharing demand information of the target equipment, and encrypting the shared data to generate encrypted shared data; and decrypting and reconstructing the encrypted shared data in the target equipment to generate shared display data. The method has the effect of improving the accuracy of identifying the privacy data of the intelligent glasses.

The invention discloses a multi-channel electroencephalogram signal spatial filtering and feature enhancement method and device for intelligent glasses, and the method comprises the steps: taking a multi-channel electroencephalogram signal collected by the intelligent glasses as an original signal, generating a corresponding electrode mapping relation for analysis, determining a spatial structure and a filtering scale, and generating a filter group according to the filtering scale; performing component separation on the original signal according to the filter bank, obtaining component information and a corresponding signal source, and constructing an independent component sequence according to the signal source; spatial mapping is carried out on the independent component sequence, main components are determined, a weight matrix is constructed for spatial filtering, a spatial feature sequence is generated for spatial reconstruction, and enhanced features are generated; performing multi-scale decomposition on the filter bank and the enhanced features, acquiring multi-scale features to construct a feature combination, acquiring corresponding time-frequency features to perform spatial mapping, acquiring interference modes corresponding to the time-frequency features to perform feature enhancement, acquiring corresponding feature representations to perform spatial reconstruction, and acquiring spatial enhanced features.

The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent glasses production corollary equipment, and discloses an intelligent glasses nose pad disassembling tool which comprises a base, a detachable profiling positioning table used for positioning intelligent glasses, an overturning locking assembly used for pressing the intelligent glasses and an adsorption disassembling assembly used for directionally adsorbing a left nose pad and a right nose pad of the intelligent glasses. The profiling positioning table comprises a left glasses leg positioning table, a right glasses leg positioning table and a glasses frame positioning table, the overturning locking assembly comprises an overturning frame, a lock catch and a plurality of locking blocks, and the adsorption disassembling assembly comprises a feeding sliding table, a disassembling base, a disassembling guide rail for directionally guiding and disassembling nose pads, a disassembling block for adsorbing the nose pads to be gradually stripped and a disassembling wrench for applying force. According to the tool, a finished intelligent glasses frame and glasses leg parts are fully positioned through the profiling positioning table, a positioning basis is provided for nose pad disassembling, then the adsorption disassembling assembly is used for directly facing the base and the right nose pad, the mode of adsorption pulling out is adopted, adhesive glue softened through hot temperature is stripped, and the technical purpose of non-destructive nose pad disassembling is achieved.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a target voice regulation and control method, device and equipment based on intelligent glasses, belongs to the technical field of intelligent wearing, and solves the problem that in the prior art, a user is difficult to obtain a voice signal meeting the own requirement due to the fact that standardization processing is generally performed on a voice signal. Comprising the following steps: acquiring audio information of a speaker in a current scene, and dividing the audio information into a plurality of audio clips; acquiring portrait information in the current scene, and associating the portrait information with the corresponding audio clip to determine a target speaker; determining corresponding sound preference information of the user in the current scene based on a mapping relation between the noise level and intelligent glasses use preference data; analyzing the sound of the target speaker, responding to a dynamic sound adjustment strategy based on the obtained sound characteristics, and optimizing the sound of the target speaker; and based on the sound preference information, performing frequency band adjustment on the optimized sound through a power amplifier arranged on the intelligent glasses to realize target voice regulation and control.

The invention discloses a translation system based on artificial intelligence, intelligent glasses for translation and a translation method. The translation system comprises first intelligent glasses, a first intelligent mobile terminal and a cloud server, and a generative artificial intelligence large language model is configured in the cloud server. The first intelligent glasses pick up a first voice of a first language from a preset direction and send the first voice to the first intelligent mobile terminal. The first intelligent mobile terminal converts the first voice into a first text and sends the first text to the cloud server; and the cloud server translates the first text through the model according to the translation prompt to obtain a second text of a second language and sends the second text to the first intelligent mobile terminal. And the first intelligent mobile terminal converts the second text into a second voice and sends the second voice to the first intelligent glasses for playing. According to the invention, high-precision intelligent translation based on the intelligent glasses is realized, and the product viscosity can be increased.

The invention provides a visual aiding system and method for visually impaired people based on a multi-mode large model, intelligent glasses and application software. The system comprises a multi-mode large model, blind-helping application software and intelligent glasses, enables a visually impaired person to ask questions through simple voice, achieves the recognition of all things such as environment, obstacles, text information, road names / shop names, flowers and plants, and feeds back the questions to the visually impaired person through voice. According to the scheme, the visually impaired person can conveniently and quickly see all information around the person in a hearing mode, then the independence of work and life is greatly improved, and the visual impaired person has wide application prospects and huge social value.

The invention discloses an information search system based on a large language model, intelligent glasses and an information search method. The system comprises an intelligent glasses system and a model server, and a large language model is configured on the model server. The intelligent glasses system obtains a first voice containing a to-be-queried user question, obtains prompt information, converts the first voice into a first text, and sends the prompt information and the first text to the model server. And the model server determines characteristics of the user question according to the prompt information and the first text through a large language model (LLM), obtains a second text containing question reply according to the characteristics, and sends the second text to the intelligent glasses system. And the intelligent glasses system converts the second text into a second voice and plays the second voice. Real-time information search based on LLM is realized in the intelligent glasses system.

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent glasses control, and discloses an intelligent glasses control method and system with a camera shooting function, and the method comprises the steps: carrying out the wearing detection of an intelligent glasses camera through a skin induction module, obtaining a wearing induction instruction, carrying out the tooth vibration signal collection through a vibration induction module when the wearing induction instruction is a worn instruction, and obtaining a tooth vibration signal; performing multi-environment tooth knocking simulation based on the interference test environment group to obtain an effective test voltage group, performing interference signal analysis on the tooth vibration voltage set according to the effective test voltage group to obtain an effective vibration voltage set, and obtaining effective knocking times according to the effective vibration voltage set; and starting control is carried out on the shooting module and the recording module based on the effective knocking times. The use convenience of the intelligent glasses can be improved, and the user experience of the intelligent glasses is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of brain-computer interfaces, in particular to an electroencephalogram signal feature extraction and dimension reduction method, device and equipment for intelligent glasses. The method comprises the steps that an electroencephalogram signal data set is acquired, time domain, frequency domain and time-frequency domain features are extracted, and an original feature set is generated; decomposing each feature vector in the original feature set to obtain a feature atom set, and based on the feature atom set, performing atomic-scale recombination on each feature vector in the original feature set to generate a recombined feature set; calculating a kernel matrix corresponding to the recombined feature set, mapping the kernel matrix to a high-dimensional kernel space, and performing principal component analysis according to the original feature set to obtain a kernel principal component projection matrix; and projecting the feature set to a low-dimensional space by using a kernel principal component projection matrix, and generating low-dimensional nonlinear feature representation in combination with the electroencephalogram signal data set to complete electroencephalogram signal feature extraction and dimensionality reduction of the intelligent glasses. And multi-scale characteristic decomposition and analysis domain division are realized.

The invention discloses locking assembly equipment and an intelligent glasses assembly line body, and relates to the technical field of intelligent wearable device.The locking assembly equipment comprises a machine table, a conveying device, a turnover device, a locking device and a carrying device.The conveying device comprises a movable base, and the turnover device comprises a turnover platform rotationally installed on the movable base; in the rotating process of the overturning platform, the overturning platform has a material bearing state enabling the bearing face to be arranged upwards and a locking matching state enabling the bearing face to be arranged towards the side, and when the movable base is located at the locking station and the overturning platform is in the locking matching state, the locking electric screwdriver assembles the glasses frame and the glasses legs through screws. And the carrying device is used for transferring the circulation tool with the to-be-assembled intelligent glasses to the overturning platform in the material bearing state, and moving away the circulation tool which is transferred to the discharging station and is in the material bearing state on the overturning platform. The intelligent glasses are locked after being turned to a proper angle, so that the use of a complicated locking mechanism can be avoided, and the locking efficiency is improved.

Systems and methods are described herein for controlling a smart glass display based on environmental conditions. The smart glass display may be configured for presenting a media asset. Further, the smart glass display is configured with a transparent display function that adjusts the presentation of the media asset based on the environmental conditions. The smart glass display may identify environmental information and determine a hazard based on the environmental information. Further, a smart glass display may observe the user's eye movement and may execute a specific function corresponding to the user's eye movement.

The invention relates to the technical field of intelligent interaction, and particularly provides a method, medium, equipment and product for tool calling in task-based dialogues, the method is applied to intelligent glasses, and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining multi-round dialogue contents of a user and a pre-trained large language model; wherein the pre-trained large language model contains a plurality of different application scenes; based on the multi-round dialogue content, a marking tool calls a cue word; outputting and calling a target tool in a scene corresponding to the tool calling prompt word by utilizing the pre-trained large language model; the target tool comprises a tool name, a tool parameter name and a tool parameter value; the target tool comprises application software corresponding to the multiple different application scenes and a function control tool of the application software. Some embodiments of the application can realize task type multi-round dialogue interaction, and meet the dialogue demand of the user.

The utility model is suitable for the field of glasses, and discloses a hinge structure and intelligent glasses. The hinge structure comprises a first connecting piece and a second connecting piece. The first connecting piece comprises a first mounting plate and a rotating shaft which are connected; the second connecting piece comprises a second mounting plate and a rotating piece which are connected, and the rotating piece is rotatably arranged on the rotating shaft in a sleeving mode. Wherein the rotating shaft is provided with a first arc-shaped surface, a first limiting surface, a second limiting surface and a second arc-shaped surface, the rotating piece comprises an arc-shaped part and a bent part which are connected, the arc-shaped part is in close fit connection with the first arc-shaped surface, and the bent part and the rotating shaft are assembled and connected between the first limiting surface and the second limiting surface. According to the hinge structure provided by the invention, when the second connecting piece rotates relative to the first connecting piece, the second connecting piece is in a stable state at different rotating positions, so that the glasses legs are in a stable state at required positions relative to the glasses frame, and the use experience of a user is improved.

The invention discloses a piezoelectric film partition dynamic focusing system and method for intelligent glasses. The piezoelectric film partition dynamic focusing system comprises an optical modulation layer, a sensing layer, a control engine, a hybrid driving layer and a closed loop verification module. The optical modulation layer is integrated with an N * M piezoelectric film array, each subarea is provided with an independent electrode and a gradient thickness structure, and intervals are filled with low-modulus insulating polymers. The sensing layer is used for acquiring fixation point, diopter, temperature and head movement information of a wearer; and the control engine executes voltage mapping, temperature drift compensation and resonance suppression according to the sensing data, and drives the hybrid driving layer to complete deformation and displacement compensation. And the closed-loop verification module outputs a defocusing error in real time and feeds back a correction voltage. According to the invention, high-response, low-power-consumption and stable dynamic focusing is realized, and the visual adaptability is improved.

The invention provides a man-machine interaction method and intelligent glasses, which not only can capture interaction information of a user in real time and realize interaction with the user based on the interaction information, but also can recommend an interaction mode matched with the complexity of the content of the current display interface of the intelligent glasses to the user. The man-machine interaction method comprises the following steps: performing complexity evaluation on display content and / or a current application scene of a current display interface of the intelligent glasses to obtain a complexity level of the current display content; and determining an interaction mode corresponding to the complexity level of the current display content according to a preset corresponding relationship between the complexity level and each interaction mode, and recommending the interaction mode to a user.

Systems, apparatus, and methods for a gesture-based augmented reality and / or extended reality (AR / XR) user interface. Conventional image processing scales quadratically based on image resolution. Processing complexity directly corresponds to memory size, power consumption, and heat dissipation. As a result, existing smart glasses solutions have short run-times (<1 hr) and may have battery weight and heat dissipation issues that are uncomfortable for continuous wear. The disclosed solution provides a system and method for low-power image processing via the use of scalable processing. In one specific implementation, gesture detection is divided into multiple stages. Each stage conditionally enables subsequent stages for more complex processing. By scaling processing complexity at each stage, high complexity processing can be performed on an “as-needed” basis.

Systems, computer programs, devices, and methods that enable ML-based vision processing for low-power, embedded, and / or real-time applications. In one exemplary embodiment, smart glasses use classifiers that are based on machine-learned (ML) patch relationships. The ML patch features are determined during an offline training process. The ML patch features are grouped into weak classifiers, strong classifiers, and detectors to progressively improve prediction accuracy. An object detection architecture uses triggering logic, search management, and a classification neural network to enable event-based searching, interest-based searching, and / or dynamic search control. In some cases, pre-processing may also be used to minimize the neural network complexity (e.g., pre-processing for scaling, rotations, translations, etc.).