The invention discloses an axial
supporting system of an astronomical
telescope mirror surface, which comprises a
force sensor, a flexible part, a connecting rod
assembly, a fixed structural part and a balancing weight, and can also comprise a force
actuator. When the mirror surface is passively supported, passive supporting of the mirror surface is not limited by the number of supports and the positions of the supports, the additional lateral force effect on the mirror surface is avoided, large-proportion force scaling can be achieved, and the shape and the
gravity center position of the balance weight do not affect the
magnification times of output force. When active and passive integrated supporting of the mirror surface is achieved, a driven power part does not need to be controlled by a
control system, a force
actuator for correcting the
surface shape of the mirror surface only needs to provide a
stroke range required by correction force, supporting force of a gravity part of the mirror surface does not need to be overlapped, and the correction precision is high. The passive force generated by the counterweight, the
active force of the force
actuator and the final output force of the mirror surface axial
support system are coaxial, so that the axial
support system can be prevented from accidentally generating the radial force effect on the mirror body, and the precision of the correction force required for correcting the
surface shape of the mirror surface is ensured.