A battery management system based on a real time operation system which belongs to the technical field of vehicle storage battery management includes a CPU, a load voltage collecting module, a total voltage collecting module, a module voltage collecting module, a current collecting module, a temperature collecting module, a time collecting module, a CAN bus communicating module and a contactor control module. The CPU is respectively connected with a voltage collecting module, the current collecting module, the temperature collecting module, the time collecting module, the CAN bus communicating module and the contactor control module. The battery management system based on a real time operation system transplants a uc/OS-II multi-task real time operation system into the CPU, thus simplifying the software programming of a vehicle storage battery management system under the dispatching of the real time operation system, improving the execution efficiency to manage the system software, ensuring the real time property of data collection and enhancing the working stability of the system.