Forestry planting seedling transplanting device

Abstract

The invention discloses a forestry planting seedling transplanting device, relates to the technical field of forest seedling, and aims to solve the technical problem that an existing sapling transplanting device cannot meet the requirement of semi-mature seedling transplanting, and the forestry planting seedling transplanting device comprises an operation vehicle and a load mechanism, a hydraulic transplanting mechanism and an annular cutting knife group which are arranged on the operation vehicle. The annular cutting knife set is composed of a telescopic unit, a bearing knife rest, a cutting unit and a double-state cutting ring. The telescopic unit is used for adjusting the operation size of the cutter set to adapt to nursery stocks of different specifications; the cutting unit can drive the double-state cutting ring to be switched between the wide-width state and the narrow-width state according to soil and transplanting requirements. The wide-width state is suitable for heavy soil and can bear and hold a soil ball; the narrow-width state is suitable for hard soil, efficient cutting can be achieved, and resistance can be reduced. Self-adaptive adjustment of the cutter group size and the cutting form is achieved, and the efficiency and the survival rate of semi-mature nursery stock transplanting are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of forest seedling technology, and more specifically, to a forestry planting seedling transplanting device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of forestry seedling cultivation, transplanting devices are mostly used for transplanting seedlings in the seedling stage. However, for some tree species, such as white pine, the survival rate of transplanting is directly related to the maturity of the seedlings. They need to be cultivated to a semi-mature stage with a ground diameter of 3-5cm before transplanting. Due to structural limitations, existing simple transplanting devices cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of soil wrapping for transplanting with a soil ball or the precise cutting effect required for root cutting without a soil ball. They cannot adapt to the root distribution and soil ball requirements of seedlings at this stage. The transplanting of such semi-mature seedlings still relies on manual digging, which is not only inefficient but also prone to root damage due to differences in manual operation, greatly increasing the cost of seedling cultivation and the risk of transplanting.

[0003] Furthermore, seedling cultivation often faces two typical working conditions: loose sandy soil and hard gravelly soil. Existing transplanting devices have fixed blade structures, making it difficult to form a complete soil ball when transplanting with a soil ball in loose sandy soil. The soil ball is prone to collapse, leading to root exposure and water loss. When cutting roots without a soil ball in hard gravelly soil, the blades encounter great cutting resistance, which can easily cause jamming and chipping. This reduces work efficiency and makes it difficult to accurately cut the roots, making it difficult to achieve efficient transplanting of seedlings under both soil conditions.

[0004] In summary, existing seedling transplanting devices cannot meet the needs of transplanting semi-mature seedlings and are difficult to adapt to the high-efficiency operation requirements of different soil conditions. There is an urgent need for a seedling transplanting device with a wider range of adaptability and stronger soil adaptability to solve the current technical bottlenecks in forestry seedling transplanting operations. Therefore, we propose a forestry planting seedling transplanting device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a forestry seedling transplanting device to solve the technical problem that existing seedling transplanting devices cannot meet the needs of transplanting semi-mature seedlings.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a forestry planting seedling transplanting device, including a working vehicle, a main beam on the working vehicle, a load mechanism transversely arranged on the main beam along the wheelbase, a hydraulic transplanting mechanism on the load mechanism, and an annular cutting blade assembly on the hydraulic transplanting mechanism; The annular cutting tool assembly includes a telescopic unit, a support tool holder, a cutting angle unit, and a dual-state annular cutter. The telescopic unit is rotatably connected to the hydraulic transplanting mechanism, the support tool holder is fixedly connected to the telescopic unit, one end of the cutting angle unit is connected to the output end of the telescopic unit, and the other end of the cutting angle unit is connected to the dual-state annular cutter. The dual-state annular cutter is movably mounted on the support tool holder. The telescopic unit is configured to drive the support tool holder to move in order to adjust the working size of the annular cutting tool set; The cut-off unit is configured to drive the dual-state ring cutter to move on the support cutter holder in response to soil conditions and transplanting requirements, so as to change the working mode of its cutter body; The dual-state ring cutter includes a wide-width state suitable for heavy clay soils and requiring the soil ball to be retained, and a narrow-width state suitable for hard soils and not requiring the soil ball to be retained. The wide profile is configured to support and hold the soil ball after cutting, while the narrow profile is configured to optimize cutting efficiency and reduce travel resistance.

[0007] Preferably, the load mechanism is also symmetrically provided with support leg cylinders, the top of the load mechanism is also provided with a clamping mechanism, and the load mechanism is also provided with a vibration generating unit inside, the output end of the vibration generating unit being fixedly connected to the clamping mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, the hydraulic transplanting mechanism includes a first hydraulic support group and a second hydraulic support group. The first hydraulic support group is symmetrically arranged at the top of the load mechanism, and the second hydraulic support group is symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the load mechanism. One end of the annular cutting blade group is rotatably connected to the end of the first hydraulic support group away from the load mechanism, and the other end of the annular cutting blade group is rotatably connected to the end of the second hydraulic support group away from the load mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, the first hydraulic support includes a rotating main frame, a rotating point, and a first hydraulic cylinder. The rotating point is located at one end of the rotating main frame, and the rotating main frame is rotatably mounted on the load mechanism through the rotating point. One end of the first hydraulic cylinder is rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the load mechanism, and the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the end of the rotating main frame away from the rotating point.

[0010] Preferably, the rotating main frame includes a first hinge point and a second hinge point. The first hinge point is located at the end of the rotating main frame away from the rotation point, and the second hinge point is located at the position of the rotating main frame close to the first hinge point. The output end of the first hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the second hinge point, and the output end of the second hydraulic support is hinged to the first hinge point.

[0011] Preferably, the second hydraulic support includes a second hydraulic cylinder and an adapter wheel. One end of the second hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the load mechanism, the adapter wheel is rotatably inserted into the outer wall of the telescopic unit, and the output end of the second hydraulic cylinder is sleeved on the adapter wheel.

[0012] Preferably, the telescopic unit includes a carrier shell, a carrier cavity, and a first linear actuator. The carrier shell is rotatably connected to the hydraulic transplanting mechanism, the carrier cavity is opened inside the carrier shell, the first linear actuator is disposed inside the carrier cavity, and the output end of the first linear actuator is fixedly connected to the bearing tool holder.

[0013] Preferably, the supporting tool holder includes a tool handle, a tool handle cavity, and a tool holder. The tool handle is fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic unit. The tool handle cavity is opened inside the tool handle. The tool holder is fixedly inserted into the bottom end of the tool handle cavity. One end of the cutting-edge unit is fixedly disposed at the top end of the tool handle cavity, and the other end of the cutting-edge unit is movably inserted into the tool holder. The dual-state ring knife is symmetrically slidably disposed on the tool holder.

[0014] Preferably, the cut-off unit includes a second linear driver, a wedge, and a folding groove. The second linear driver is fixedly disposed inside the bearing tool holder. The wedge is fixedly connected to the output end of the second linear driver. The folding groove is symmetrically opened on the wedge. One end of the dual-state ring cutter is slidably connected to the folding groove. The wedge has a trapezoidal shape that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom.

[0015] Preferably, the dual-state ring cutter includes a cutter body, a connecting groove, and a connecting block. The cutter body is symmetrically slidably disposed on the supporting cutter holder. The connecting groove is opened at the top of the cutter body. One end of the connecting block is rotatably connected to the connecting groove, and the other end of the connecting block is slidably disposed on the sliding groove.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Compared to traditional simple transplanting machinery that relies entirely on manual digging or has only a single function, this invention integrates a work vehicle, a load-bearing mechanism, a hydraulic transplanting mechanism, and a ring-shaped cutting tool assembly to complete the entire process of positioning, stabilization, size adjustment, adaptive cutting, lifting, and vibration handling in one go. This not only liberates manual labor from heavy and inefficient manual work, but also completely eliminates individual differences caused by manual operation through precise mechanical control, ensuring standardization and high quality for each transplanting operation. This significantly reduces seedling costs and transplanting risks, and is especially suitable for large-scale transplanting of semi-mature seedlings with high survival rate requirements. It realizes mechanized and intelligent operation of semi-mature seedling transplanting, greatly improving work efficiency and quality.

[0017] 2. This invention also utilizes a first hydraulic support group and a second hydraulic support group, acting on the top and bottom ends of the cutter assembly respectively, to form a rigid and precisely controlled drive mechanism. The first hydraulic cylinder provides the main lifting power, while the second hydraulic cylinder precisely controls the cutting, rotation, and retraction angles of the cutter assembly. This design ensures that the posture and path of the annular cutting cutter assembly are precisely guided throughout the complex process of cutting into the soil, circling and cutting, and finally embracing and lifting the soil ball. This results in the formation of a well-shaped, compact soil ball, or the precise circumferential cutting of the root system, which is impossible with traditional single-point drive or simple linkage mechanisms.

[0018] 3. This invention also addresses the technical problems of traditional fixed blades causing soil ball collapse in heavy clay soils and difficulty in cutting into hard soils. It utilizes a variable-width unit to drive a dual-state ring cutter, enabling intelligent switching between wide and narrow cutting modes. The wide mode is specifically designed for heavy clay soils, where the unfolded blade structure effectively supports and holds the soil ball after cutting, preventing it from scattering. The narrow mode is optimized for hard soils, significantly reducing cutting resistance by decreasing the blade's contact area with the soil, thus improving cutting efficiency and blade life. This adaptive capability allows a single unit to perfectly handle both types of extreme soils, greatly expanding the equipment's applicability and economy.

[0019] 4. This invention also proposes a standardized transplanting process integrating size matching, shape pre-selection, and collaborative operation. This process breaks down the complex transplanting task into orderly and controllable mechanized steps. First, the telescopic unit achieves precise matching between the blade assembly size and the seedling specifications. Second, the blade shape is pre-selected based on soil and transplanting requirements before operation, allowing the cutting tool to actively adapt to the working conditions rather than passively bearing the load. Finally, the sequential collaborative operation of the hydraulic mechanism, cutting blade assembly, and clamping vibration unit ensures optimal results for both transplanting with soil balls and bare-root transplanting. This process transforms experience-based craftsmanship into a repeatable and optimizable technology, providing a reliable technical path for the standardized and large-scale production of forestry seedling transplanting. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main beam, load-bearing mechanism, outrigger cylinder, and clamping mechanism of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the load mechanism and clamping mechanism of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic transplanting mechanism and the annular cutting tool assembly of the present invention; Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic unit and the load-bearing tool holder structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the bearing tool holder, the cutting unit, and the dual-state ring tool structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the second linear actuator, wedge block, tool holder, and dual-state ring cutter of the present invention. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cutoff unit and dual-state ring cutter structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the wedge block and a schematic diagram of the dual-state ring cutter disassembly structure of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the wide-width state of the annular cutting tool assembly of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the narrow-width state of the annular cutting tool assembly of the present invention.

[0021] Explanation of the labels in the diagram: 1. Work vehicle; 2. Main beam; 3. Loading mechanism; 4. Outrigger cylinder; 5. Clamping mechanism; 6. Hydraulic transfer mechanism; 7. Circular cutting tool set; 601. First hydraulic support assembly; 602. Second hydraulic support assembly; 6011. Rotating main frame; 6012. Rotation point; 6013. First hydraulic cylinder; 6014. First hinge point; 6015. Second hinge point; 6021, Second hydraulic cylinder; 6022, Transfer wheel; 701. Telescopic unit; 702. Load-bearing tool holder; 703. Cutting-off unit; 704. Dual-state ring cutter; 7011, Carrier housing; 7012, Carrier cavity; 7013, First linear actuator; 7021. Handle; 7022. Handle cavity; 7023. Tool holder; 7031, Second linear actuator; 7032, Wedge block; 7033, Folded slide; 7041, cutter body; 7042, connecting groove; 7043, connecting block. Detailed Implementation

[0022] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown, the present invention relates to a forestry planting seedling transplanting device, including a work vehicle 1, a main beam 2 on the work vehicle 1, a load mechanism 3 on the main beam 2 along the wheelbase, a hydraulic transplanting mechanism 6 on the load mechanism 3, and a ring cutting blade group 7 on the hydraulic transplanting mechanism 6. The ring cutting tool assembly 7 includes a telescopic unit 701, a support tool holder 702, a cutting unit 703, and a dual-state ring cutter 704. The telescopic unit 701 is rotatably connected to the hydraulic transfer mechanism 6. The support tool holder 702 is fixedly connected to the telescopic unit 701. One end of the cutting unit 703 is connected to the output end of the telescopic unit 701, and the other end of the cutting unit 703 is connected to the dual-state ring cutter 704. The dual-state ring cutter 704 is movably mounted on the support tool holder 702. The telescopic unit 701 is configured to drive the carrier tool holder 702 to move in order to adjust the working size of the annular cutting tool set 7; The cut-off unit 703 is configured to drive the dual-state ring cutter 704 to move on the support cutter holder 702 in response to soil conditions and transplanting requirements, so as to change the working mode of its cutter body; Among them, the dual-state ring cutter 704 includes a wide-width state suitable for heavy clay soils and requiring the soil ball to be retained, and a narrow-width state suitable for hard soils and not requiring the soil ball to be retained. The wide-width configuration is designed to support and hold the soil ball after cutting, while the narrow-width configuration is designed to optimize cutting efficiency and reduce travel resistance.

[0023] In this embodiment, the work vehicle 1 carries the entire device and moves it to the location of the seedlings to be transplanted. Next, the telescopic unit 701 actuates, driving the carrying blade holder 702 to move, thereby adjusting the working size of the entire annular cutting blade assembly 7 to precisely match the root distribution range of semi-mature seedlings with different diameters, such as 3-5cm. Subsequently, depending on whether the soil ahead is heavy or hard, and whether a root ball needs to be retained, the cut-off unit 703 responds to this condition by driving the dual-state ring blade 704 to change its working form.

[0024] When dealing with heavy clay soil and needing to retain the root ball, the dual-state ring cutter 704 switches to a wide-width state. Its structure is designed to effectively support and hold the root ball after cutting, preventing it from collapsing during transport and ensuring the survival rate of transplanting with the root ball. When dealing with hard soil and not needing a root ball, it switches to a narrow-width state. Its structure focuses on optimizing cutting efficiency and significantly reducing travel resistance, allowing it to easily cut into hard soil and precisely sever the root system. This achieves efficient adaptation to two typical soil conditions and transplanting modes.

[0025] In an embodiment of the present invention, the load mechanism 3 is also symmetrically provided with support leg cylinders 4, the top of the load mechanism 3 is also provided with a clamping mechanism 5, and the load mechanism 3 is also provided with a vibration generating unit inside, the output end of the vibration generating unit being fixedly connected to the clamping mechanism 5.

[0026] This embodiment further discloses the outrigger cylinder 4, clamping mechanism 5, and vibration generating unit on the load mechanism 3. Before the annular cutting blade group 7 performs annular cutting operations, the outrigger cylinder 4 extends and inserts into the soil to stabilize the work vehicle 1 and the overall device. The outrigger cylinder 4 ensures the stability of the entire machine during cutting operations and avoids shaking caused by uneven ground or cutting reaction forces. The clamping mechanism 5 works in conjunction with the cutting blade group below to clamp and position the seedling from above and below, preventing the seedling from tilting during cutting and ensuring the verticality of the cut and the regularity of the root ball. The vibration generating unit inside the load mechanism 3 can drive the clamping mechanism 5 to generate vibration. This vibration can shake off all the soil adhering to the roots of the dug-out seedlings, meeting the needs of transplanting seedling varieties that do not require root balls, reducing transportation costs, and improving transportation and transplanting efficiency.

[0027] In an embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic transplanting mechanism 6 includes a first hydraulic support group 601 and a second hydraulic support group 602. The first hydraulic support group 601 is symmetrically arranged at the top of the load mechanism 3, and the second hydraulic support group 602 is symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the load mechanism 3. One end of the annular cutting tool group 7 is rotatably connected to the end of the first hydraulic support group 601 away from the load mechanism 3, and the other end of the annular cutting tool group 7 is rotatably connected to the end of the second hydraulic support group 602 away from the load mechanism 3.

[0028] In this invention, the first hydraulic support group 601 and the second hydraulic support group 602 act on the top and bottom ends of the annular cutting tool assembly 7, respectively, forming a stable parallel four-bar linkage. Through the coordinated extension and retraction of the two hydraulic support groups, the cutting angle, depth, and final retraction posture of the annular cutting tool assembly 7 can be precisely controlled.

[0029] In another embodiment of the present invention, the first hydraulic support 601 includes a rotating main frame 6011, a rotating point 6012, and a first hydraulic cylinder 6013. The rotating point 6012 is located at one end of the rotating main frame 6011, and the rotating main frame 6011 is rotatably mounted on the load mechanism 3 via the rotating point 6012. One end of the first hydraulic cylinder 6013 is rotatably mounted on the outer wall of the load mechanism 3, and the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder 6013 is connected to the end of the rotating main frame 6011 away from the rotating point 6012.

[0030] In this invention, the extension and retraction of the first hydraulic cylinder 6013 drives the rotating main frame 6011 to rotate around its rotation point 6012. The linear motion of the first hydraulic cylinder 6013 is efficiently converted into a large-amplitude swing motion at the top of the annular cutting tool assembly 7. The structure is compact, the lever arm is reasonable, and it can provide strong torque to overcome the weight of the seedling and the attached soil ball, thus lifting the transplanted body.

[0031] In another embodiment of the present invention, the rotating main frame 6011 includes a first hinge point 6014 and a second hinge point 6015. The first hinge point 6014 is located at the end of the rotating main frame 6011 away from the rotation point 6012, and the second hinge point 6015 is located at the position of the rotating main frame 6011 close to the first hinge point 6014. The output end of the first hydraulic cylinder 6013 is hinged to the second hinge point 6015, and the output end of the second hydraulic support 602 is hinged to the first hinge point 6014.

[0032] In this invention, the output force of the first hydraulic cylinder 6013 acts on the second hinge point 6015, driving the rotating main frame 6011 to rotate, thereby lifting the annular cutting tool group 7, the seedling to be transplanted, and the soil ball.

[0033] In an embodiment of the present invention, the second hydraulic support 602 includes a second hydraulic cylinder 6021 and a transfer wheel 6022. One end of the second hydraulic cylinder 6021 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the load mechanism 3, and the transfer wheel 6022 is rotatably inserted into the outer wall of the telescopic unit 701. The output end of the second hydraulic cylinder 6021 is sleeved on the transfer wheel 6022.

[0034] In this invention, the output force of the second hydraulic cylinder 6021 acts on the adapter wheel 6022, driving the annular cutting blade assembly 7 to rotate around the first hinge point 6014; when the annular cutting blade assembly 7 is close to the bottom of the load mechanism 3, it is in a retracted or initial state, and the second hydraulic cylinder 6021 extends and retracts to continuously push the annular cutting blade assembly 7 to rotate, so that the annular cutting blade assembly 7 cuts into the soil until it completes a 180-degree rotation and completes the soil ball cutting.

[0035] In an embodiment of the present invention, the telescopic unit 701 includes a carrier shell 7011, a carrier cavity 7012, and a first linear actuator 7013. The carrier shell 7011 is rotatably connected to the hydraulic transplanting mechanism 6. The carrier cavity 7012 is opened inside the carrier shell 7011. The first linear actuator 7013 is disposed inside the carrier cavity 7012. The output end of the first linear actuator 7013 is fixedly connected to the support tool holder 702.

[0036] This embodiment discloses a specific structure of the telescopic unit 701. Its size adjustment working principle is as follows: a first linear actuator 7013 is installed within the cavity 7012 of the housing 7011, and its output directly drives the linear movement of the tool holder 702. The housing 7011 provides a stable base for installation and rotation, and the enclosed cavity 7012 protects the first linear actuator 7013 from external contamination such as soil and moisture; the linear drive method ensures the linear accuracy of the movement of the tool holder 702, thereby enabling rapid and accurate wireless or stepped adjustment of the working dimensions of the ring cutting tool set 7.

[0037] In another embodiment of the present invention, the tool holder 702 includes a tool handle 7021, a handle cavity 7022, and a tool holder 7023. The tool handle 7021 is fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic unit 701. The handle cavity 7022 is opened inside the tool handle 7021. The tool holder 7023 is fixedly inserted into the bottom end of the handle cavity 7022. One end of the cutting unit 703 is fixedly disposed at the top end of the handle cavity 7022, and the other end of the cutting unit 703 is movably inserted into the tool holder 7023. The dual-state ring knife 704 is symmetrically slidably disposed on the tool holder 7023.

[0038] This embodiment discloses the specific structure of the support tool holder 702. The tool shank 7021 is fixedly connected to the telescopic unit 701 to transmit power; the shank cavity 7022 provides a space for accommodating and installing the cutting edge unit 703; the tool holder 7023 serves as a reference platform for the sliding and guiding of the dual-state ring cutter 704. The support tool holder 702 achieves a clear division and integration of functional modules, providing a rigid and accurately guided mounting foundation for the cutting edge unit 703 and the dual-state ring cutter 704, ensuring the stability and precision of the tool body shape transformation process.

[0039] In another embodiment of the present invention, the cutoff unit 703 includes a second linear driver 7031, a wedge block 7032 and a folding groove 7033. The second linear driver 7031 is fixedly disposed in the bearing tool holder 702. The wedge block 7032 is fixedly connected to the output end of the second linear driver 7031. The folding groove 7033 is symmetrically opened on the wedge block 7032. One end of the dual-state ring cutter 704 is slidably connected to the folding groove 7033. The wedge block 7032 is trapezoidal in shape, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom.

[0040] In this invention, the second linear actuator 7031 pushes or pulls back the wedge block 7032. Since the wedge block 7032 is trapezoidal in shape, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, and has a folded sliding groove 7033, the slider connected to the dual-state ring cutter 704 slides within the folded sliding groove 7033, converting the vertical movement of the wedge block 7032 into the horizontal opening or closing movement of the dual-state ring cutter 704. Utilizing a simple wedge-shaped slider mechanism, with minimal driving stroke and driving force, the switching between wide and narrow operating modes of the dual-state ring cutter 704 is achieved efficiently and reliably. The structure is ingenious, the action is sensitive, and it is easy to control.

[0041] In an embodiment of the present invention, the dual-state ring cutter 704 includes a cutter body 7041, a connecting groove 7042, and a connecting block 7043. The cutter body 7041 is symmetrically slidably disposed on the supporting cutter holder 702. The connecting groove 7042 is opened at the top of the cutter body 7041. One end of the connecting block 7043 is rotatably connected to the connecting groove 7042, and the other end of the connecting block 7043 is slidably disposed on the folding groove 7033.

[0042] In this invention, the blade body 7041 is connected to the sliding groove 7033 of the cutting unit 703 via a connecting block 7043. One end of the connecting block 7043 rotates within the connecting groove 7042. The rotational connection between the connecting groove 7042 and the connecting block 7043 in this invention releases the slight angular deviation that may occur during the sliding of the blade body, avoiding jamming. The sliding of the other end of the connecting block 7043 within the sliding groove 7033 strictly follows the motion law set by the wedge block 7032, accurately converting the drive into the lateral displacement of the blade body, thereby ensuring the accuracy and consistency of the blade body shape transformation.

[0043] Working principle: This embodiment provides a method for using a forestry planting seedling transplanting device, including the following steps: Step 1: Positioning and Stabilization; The operator drives the work vehicle 1, carrying the entire device, to the sapling to be transplanted. First, the outrigger cylinders 4, symmetrically arranged on the load mechanism 3, extend and insert themselves into the soil to stabilize the work vehicle 1 and the entire device, providing a stable support foundation for subsequent cutting operations and preventing the device from shaking during operation. At the same time, the clamping mechanism 5 at the top of the load mechanism 3 is activated, holding the sapling's trunk from above for initial positioning and fixation.

[0044] Step 2: Size adaptation and shape pre-selection; Based on the ground diameter of the target sapling, such as a semi-mature sapling with a diameter of 3-5cm, assess the root distribution range, and the operator controls the telescopic unit 701 to work; specifically, the first linear actuator 7013 drives the bearing tool holder 702 to move linearly within the housing 7011, thereby precisely adjusting the working size of the entire annular cutting tool assembly 7 to match the size of the target root ball. Meanwhile, depending on whether the soil on site is heavy clay or hard soil, and the requirements of the transplanting process, whether or not to retain the soil ball, the operator pre-selects the target operating mode of the dual-state ring cutter 704.

[0045] If transplanting with the soil ball is required, prepare to switch to the wide-width configuration; if transplanting with root cutting is required, prepare to switch to the narrow-width configuration.

[0046] Step 3: Cutting down and shape switching; The hydraulic transplanting mechanism 6 starts working; the second hydraulic cylinder 6021 of the second hydraulic support group 602 is activated, and the ring cutting tool group 7 is pushed to rotate around the first hinge point 6014 of the first hydraulic support group 601 through the transfer wheel 6022, so that it gradually cuts into the soil from the retracted state.

[0047] During or before cutting in, the cut-off unit 703 starts to operate according to the pre-selected command in step two: the second linear drive 7031 pushes or pulls back the trapezoidal wedge 7032, and the sliding groove 7033 on the wedge 7032, through sliding cooperation with the connecting block 7043 of the dual-state ring cutter 704, converts the vertical motion into the horizontal sliding of the cutter body 7041 on the cutter holder 7023, thereby driving the dual-state ring cutter 704 to switch to the required wide or narrow working mode in real time to adapt to the soil conditions.

[0048] Step 4: Surround cutting and lifting; The annular cutting blade assembly 7 continuously cuts into the soil in the adapted configuration of the dual-state ring blade 704, and completes annular cutting motion around the roots of the seedling under the coordinated control of the first hydraulic support assembly 601 and the second hydraulic support assembly 602. In the wide-width state, the blade body forms a supporting surface while cutting, wrapping and holding the soil ball; in the narrow-width state, the blade body efficiently cuts off the root system. After cutting, the first hydraulic cylinder 6013 of the first hydraulic support assembly 601 extends, driving the rotating main frame 6011 to rotate around the rotation point 6012, thereby lifting the seedling with the soil ball wrapped or the root system cut off, along with the annular cutting blade assembly 7, upwards out of the pit.

[0049] Step 5: Vibration treatment and removal; After the sapling is lifted, if transplanting does not require a soil ball, and the sapling has been pruned after narrow-width operation, the vibration generating unit inside the load mechanism 3 is activated. The vibration is transmitted to the roots of the sapling through the clamping mechanism 5, shaking off the soil attached to it, resulting in a bare-root sapling for transportation and planting. Subsequently, the outrigger cylinder 4 retracts, the clamping mechanism 5 releases, and the hydraulic transplanting mechanism 6 moves the sapling to the transport position or above the planting pit, completing a single transplanting cycle. After the device resets, the next operation can begin.

[0050] The embodiments disclosed in this invention are preferred embodiments, but are not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of this invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and variations, but as long as they do not depart from the spirit of this invention, they are all within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A forestry planting, raising, transplanting device, characterized by, The utility model provides a kind of hydraulic transplanting mechanism, comprising a working vehicle (1), the working vehicle (1) is equipped with girder (2), the girder (2) is equipped with load mechanism (3) along the axle distance transversely, the load mechanism (3) is equipped with hydraulic transplanting mechanism (6), the hydraulic transplanting mechanism (6) is equipped with annular cutting tool group (7); The annular cutting tool group (7) includes a telescopic unit (701), a bearing tool holder (702), a section change unit (703), and a double-state ring cutter (704). The telescopic unit (701) is rotatably connected to the hydraulic transplanting mechanism (6). The bearing tool holder (702) is fixedly connected to the telescopic unit (701). One end of the section change unit (703) is connected to the output end of the telescopic unit (701). The other end of the section change unit (703) is connected to the double-state ring cutter (704). The double-state ring cutter (704) is movably arranged on the bearing tool holder (702). The telescopic unit (701) is configured to drive the bearing tool holder (702) to move, so as to adjust the working size of the annular cutting tool group (7). The section change unit (703) is configured to drive the double-state ring cutter (704) to move on the bearing tool holder (702) in response to soil conditions and transplanting requirements, so as to change the working mode of the cutter body. The double-state ring cutter (704) includes a wide state suitable for heavy clay soil and requiring soil ball retention, and a narrow state suitable for hard soil and not requiring soil ball retention. The wide state is configured to support and hold soil balls after cutting. The narrow state is configured to optimize cutting efficiency and reduce travel resistance.

2. The forestry planting, raising, transplanting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The load mechanism (3) is also symmetrically provided with a support oil cylinder (4). The top end of the load mechanism (3) is also provided with a clamping mechanism (5). The inside of the load mechanism (3) is also provided with a vibration generating unit, and the output end of the vibration generating unit is fixedly connected to the clamping mechanism (5).

3. The device according to claim 1, wherein The hydraulic transplanting mechanism (6) includes a first hydraulic branch (601) and a second hydraulic branch (602). The first hydraulic branch (601) is symmetrically arranged at the top end of the load mechanism (3). The second hydraulic branch (602) is symmetrically arranged at the bottom end of the load mechanism (3). One end of the annular cutting tool group (7) is rotatably connected to the end of the first hydraulic branch (601) away from the load mechanism (3). The other end of the annular cutting tool group (7) is rotatably connected to the end of the second hydraulic branch (602) away from the load mechanism (3).

4. The forestry planting, raising, transplanting device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first hydraulic branch (601) includes a rotating main frame (6011), a rotating point (6012), and a first hydraulic cylinder (6013). The rotating point (6012) is arranged at one end of the rotating main frame (6011). The rotating main frame (6011) is rotatably arranged on the load mechanism (3) through the rotating point (6012). One end of the first hydraulic cylinder (6013) is rotatably arranged on the outer wall of the load mechanism (3). The output end of the first hydraulic cylinder (6013) is connected to the end of the rotating main frame (6011) away from the rotating point (6012).

5. The forestry planting, raising, transplanting device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The rotating main frame (6011) comprises a first hinge point (6014) and a second hinge point (6015), the first hinge point (6014) is arranged at one end of the rotating main frame (6011) away from the rotating point (6012), the second hinge point (6015) is arranged at a position of the rotating main frame (6011) close to the first hinge point (6014), the output end of the first hydraulic cylinder (6013) is hingedly connected to the second hinge point (6015), and the output end of the second hydraulic branch (602) is hingedly connected to the first hinge point (6014).

6. The forestry planting, raising, transplanting device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second hydraulic branch (602) comprises a second hydraulic cylinder (6021) and a transfer wheel (6022), one end of the second hydraulic cylinder (6021) is rotatably connected to the outer side wall of the load mechanism (3), and the transfer wheel (6022) is rotatably inserted into the outer wall of the telescopic unit (701). The output end of the second hydraulic cylinder (6021) is sleeved on the transfer wheel (6022).

7. The device according to claim 1, wherein The telescopic unit (701) comprises a carrier shell (7011), a carrier cavity (7012) and a first linear driver (7013), the carrier shell (7011) is rotatably connected to the hydraulic transplanting mechanism (6), the carrier cavity (7012) is arranged in the carrier shell (7011), and the first linear driver (7013) is arranged in the carrier cavity (7012). The output end of the first linear driver (7013) is fixedly connected to the bearing tool holder (702).

8. The forestry planting, raising, transplanting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bearing tool holder (702) comprises a tool handle (7021), a handle cavity (7022) and a tool seat (7023), the tool handle (7021) is fixedly connected to the output end of the telescopic unit (701), the handle cavity (7022) is arranged in the tool handle (7021), the tool seat (7023) is fixedly inserted into the bottom end of the handle cavity (7022), one end of the cutting unit (703) is fixedly arranged at the top end of the handle cavity (7022), the other end of the cutting unit (703) is movably inserted into the tool seat (7023), and the double-state ring knife (704) is symmetrically arranged in the tool seat (7023).

9. The forestry planting, raising, transplanting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting unit (703) comprises a second linear driver (7031), a wedge block (7032) and a folding sliding groove (7033), the second linear driver (7031) is fixedly arranged in the bearing tool holder (702), the wedge block (7032) is fixedly connected to the output end of the second linear driver (7031), the folding sliding groove (7033) is symmetrically arranged on the wedge block (7032), one end of the double-state ring knife (704) is slidably connected to the folding sliding groove (7033), and the wedge block (7032) has a trapezoidal shape with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part.

10. The forestry planting, raising, transplanting device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The double-state ring cutter (704) comprises a cutter body (7041), a connecting groove (7042) and a connecting block (7043), the cutter body (7041) is symmetrically and slidably arranged on the bearing cutter holder (702), the connecting groove (7042) is arranged at the top end of the cutter body (7041), one end of the connecting block (7043) is rotatably connected to the connecting groove (7042), and the other end of the connecting block (7043) is slidably arranged on the folding chute (7033).

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