Compact three-channel efficient drilling and milling machining center

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of drilling and milling machining centers, in particular to a compact three-channel efficient drilling and milling machining center which comprises a machine base. The machine base comprises a first drilling and milling unit, a second drilling and milling unit and a third drilling and milling unit. Each of the first drilling and milling unit, the second drilling and milling unit and the third drilling and milling unit comprises a stand column, a cross beam, a main shaft and a tool magazine frame slidably arranged on the cross beam in the horizontal direction. The tool magazine frame is provided with a plurality of clamping stations used for containing tools in the circumferential direction. And the tool magazine frame is provided with a clamping mechanism at each clamping station. The tool magazine frame adopts a horizontal sliding mode, and compared with a traditional hinged swing type tool magazine, the tool magazine frame is more accurate in moving track and free of displacement deviation in the additional direction, so that the butt joint precision of a clamping station and the bottom of a main shaft is higher; and meanwhile, each clamping station is provided with a clamping mechanism, so that the cutter can be stably clamped, the cutter changing precision is indirectly improved, and the consistency of the machining size of the workpiece is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drilling and milling machining center technology, and specifically to a compact three-channel high-efficiency drilling and milling machining center. Background Technology

[0002] During the machining process in a drilling and milling machining center, different machining processes (such as drilling, milling, and reaming) have different requirements for the type and specifications of cutting tools, often requiring frequent changes of multiple tools to complete a complete machining operation. To achieve efficient and rapid tool switching and avoid the inefficiencies and large errors caused by manual tool changing, drilling and milling machining centers typically need to be equipped with tool magazines. Through the coordinated action of the tool magazine and the machine tool spindle, automated tool changing is achieved, thereby improving machining efficiency and accuracy.

[0003] Among various tool magazine structures, the saucer-shaped tool magazine stands out for its compact structure, high space utilization, large tool storage capacity, and reasonable layout. It can store a large number of tools within a limited installation space, making it particularly suitable for use with compact drilling and milling machining centers. It is now widely used in compact drilling and milling equipment.

[0004] However, the disc-shaped tool magazines used in existing compact milling and drilling machining centers still have obvious technical defects in their installation and driving methods. Specifically, the existing disc-shaped tool magazines are fixedly installed on the machine bed of the machining center by a hinged connection. During tool changing, the tool magazine swings around the hinge point by the up and down movement of the machine tool's Z-axis. The swing of the tool magazine drives the tool to move synchronously. In conjunction with the coordinated action of the tool clamping assembly on the tool magazine and the machine tool spindle, the tool is picked up and changed.

[0005] Since the tool magazine moves by oscillating around the hinge point, it drives the tool to move in the X-axis direction to connect with the spindle. However, it is constrained by the profile of the cam plate in the tool magazine drive mechanism. The cam plate, as the driving guide component of the tool magazine oscillation, is designed to adapt to the oscillation trajectory of the tool magazine and cannot be absolutely horizontal. Therefore, in addition to the preset X-axis direction movement, the tool magazine will inevitably generate additional Z-axis direction displacement during the oscillation process.

[0006] Furthermore, the existing method of fixing the tool to the tool magazine clamping device involves inserting a wedge block into a pre-set V-groove on the tool holder, using the cooperation between the wedge block and the V-groove to clamp and fix the tool holder. When the tool magazine generates additional displacement in the Z-axis direction during its swing, relative sliding will occur between the mating surfaces of the wedge block and the V-groove, resulting in sliding friction. During long-term machining, this continuous sliding friction will continuously aggravate the wear of the mating surfaces of the wedge block and the V-groove, leading to an increase in the clearance between them. This not only affects the stability of tool clamping and reduces tool changing accuracy, thus affecting the workpiece machining quality, but in severe cases, it can also cause damage to the wedge block or the tool holder, increasing equipment maintenance costs and affecting machining efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned shortcomings in the prior art by providing a compact, three-channel, high-efficiency drilling and milling machining center.

[0008] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a compact three-channel high-efficiency drilling and milling machining center, comprising a base; the base is provided with a first drilling and milling unit, a second drilling and milling unit, and a third drilling and milling unit arranged in parallel; The first drilling and milling unit, the second drilling and milling unit, and the third drilling and milling unit all include a column on the machine base, a crossbeam on the top of the column, a main shaft that is movably and vertically mounted on the column, and a tool magazine that is slidably mounted on the crossbeam in the horizontal direction. The tool magazine rack has multiple clamping stations for placing tools along the circumference; each clamping station of the tool magazine rack is equipped with a clamping mechanism.

[0009] The present invention is further configured such that the clamping mechanism includes a bracket fixedly mounted on the tool magazine holder, a first clamping arm movably mounted on the clamping station, and a second clamping arm movably mounted on the clamping station; the bracket is provided with a clamping groove that cooperates with the clamping station; one end of the first clamping arm is rotatably provided with a first roller at the clamping groove; one end of the second clamping arm is rotatably provided with a second roller at the clamping groove; the middle part of the first clamping arm is hinged to the bracket; the middle part of the second clamping arm is hinged to the bracket.

[0010] The present invention is further configured such that the bracket is provided with a drive groove; a drive block is slidably provided in the drive groove; a first drive pin is provided on one side of the drive block; a second drive pin is provided on the other side of the drive block; a first strip groove is provided at the other end of the first clamping arm; a second strip groove is provided at the other end of the second clamping arm; the first drive pin is movably disposed in the first strip groove; and the second drive pin is movably disposed in the second strip groove.

[0011] The present invention is further configured such that the driving block is rotatably provided with a driving roller; the driving roller is telescopically movably disposed in the clamping groove; the outer periphery of the cutting tool is provided with an annular groove; the first roller, the second roller and the driving roller are respectively movably disposed in the annular groove.

[0012] The present invention is further configured such that a first top block is telescopically movably provided on one side of the driving block; a second top block is telescopically movably provided on the other side of the driving block; and a clamping spring is provided between the first top block and the second top block. Both sides of the drive groove are provided with a first abutting inclined surface; both the first top block and the second top block are provided with a first driving inclined surface that cooperates with the first abutting inclined surface; both sides of the drive groove are provided with a second abutting inclined surface; both the first top block and the second top block are provided with a second driving inclined surface that cooperates with the second abutting inclined surface; the inclination directions of the first abutting inclined surface and the second abutting inclined surface are opposite.

[0013] The invention is further configured such that the crossbeam is equipped with a cylinder; the output end of the cylinder is connected to a tool magazine base; and the tool magazine frame is rotatably mounted on the tool magazine base.

[0014] The invention is further configured such that the tool magazine base is provided with a guide rod; the guide rod slides through the crossbeam.

[0015] The present invention is further configured such that the crossbeam is provided with a reversing valve; a piston is provided in a sealed sliding manner inside the cylinder; a first cylinder body is formed between one end of the piston and the cylinder; a second cylinder body is formed between the other end of the piston and the cylinder; the first cylinder body and the second cylinder body are respectively connected to the reversing valve.

[0016] The present invention is further configured such that the reversing valve has a vent chamber extending along the height direction; the vent chamber is movably equipped with a valve core; the bottom of the valve core is provided with a trigger element; a trigger spring is provided between the trigger element and the bottom of the reversing valve; the trigger element is used to abut against the main shaft. The reversing valve is provided with a first air port, a second air port, an inlet air port, an outlet air port, and a ventilation port; the first air port, the second air port, the inlet air port, the outlet air port, and the ventilation port are respectively connected to the ventilation chamber; the ventilation port is connected to the outlet air port. In its natural state, the air inlet is connected to the first air port, and the air exchange port is connected to the second air port; when the valve core moves upward to a preset value, the air inlet is connected to the second air port, and the air outlet is connected to the first air port.

[0017] The present invention is further configured such that a first air pipe is provided between the first air port and the first cylinder body; and a second air pipe is provided between the second air port and the second cylinder body.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The tool magazine holder of the present invention adopts a horizontal sliding method, which, compared with the traditional hinged swing tool magazine, has a more accurate movement trajectory and no displacement deviation in the extra direction, resulting in higher docking accuracy between the clamping station and the bottom of the spindle; at the same time, each clamping station is equipped with a clamping mechanism, which can stably clamp the tool, indirectly improving the tool changing accuracy, thereby ensuring the consistency of the workpiece machining dimensions. Attached Figure Description

[0019] The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments in the drawings do not constitute any limitation on the invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the following drawings without any creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first drilling and milling unit of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the first drilling and milling unit of the present invention from another perspective; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tool magazine holder and tool magazine base of the present invention. Figure 5 yes Figure 4 A magnified view of part A in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a cross-section of the clamping mechanism of the present invention when it is released; Figure 8 This is the cross-section of the clamping mechanism of the present invention when it is clamped; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the reversing valve of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the reversing valve of the present invention in its natural state; Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the directional valve of the present invention when the valve core moves upward; The components are as follows: 1. Machine base; 11. First drilling and milling unit; 12. Second drilling and milling unit; 13. Third drilling and milling unit; 2. Column; 21. Crossbeam; 22. Spindle; 3. Tool magazine holder; 31. Clamping station; 32. Tool; 33. Annular groove; 4. Support; 41. Clamping groove; 42. Drive groove; 43. First abutting inclined surface; 44. Second abutting inclined surface; 51. First clamping arm; 52. First roller; 53. First strip groove; 54. Second clamping arm; 55. Second roller; 56. Second strip groove; 6. Drive block; 61. 61. First drive pin; 62. Second drive pin; 63. Drive roller; 64. First top block; 65. Second top block; 66. Tensioning spring; 67. First drive ramp; 68. Second drive ramp; 7. Cylinder; 71. Piston; 72. First air pipe; 73. Second air pipe; 8. Tool magazine holder; 81. Guide rod; 9. Reversing valve; 91. Vent chamber; 92. Valve core; 93. Trigger; 94. Trigger spring; 95. First air port; 96. Second air port; 97. Air inlet; 98. Air outlet; 99. Air exchange port. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described in conjunction with the following embodiments.

[0022] Depend on Figures 1 to 10 As can be seen, the compact three-channel high-efficiency drilling and milling machining center described in this embodiment includes a machine base 1; the machine base 1 is provided with a first drilling and milling unit 11, a second drilling and milling unit 12 and a third drilling and milling unit 13 arranged in parallel; The first drilling and milling unit 11, the second drilling and milling unit 12 and the third drilling and milling unit 13 each include a column 2 on the base 1, a crossbeam 21 on the top of the column 2, a spindle 22 that is movably and vertically mounted on the column 2 and a tool magazine 3 that is slidably mounted on the crossbeam 21 in the horizontal direction. The tool magazine 3 is provided with multiple clamping stations 31 for placing tools 32 along the circumferential direction; the tool magazine 3 is provided with a clamping mechanism in each clamping station 31.

[0023] Specifically, in the compact three-channel high-efficiency drilling and milling machining center described in this embodiment, when the spindle 22 is working normally, the tool magazine 3 moves horizontally away from the spindle 22 to avoid interference between the tool magazine 3 and the spindle 22; when the spindle 22 needs to perform a down-tool or up-tool operation, the spindle 22 moves upward and the tool magazine 3 moves horizontally closer to the spindle 22, so that the clamping station 31 moves to the bottom of the spindle 22, thereby facilitating the spindle 22 to complete the down-tool or up-tool operation.

[0024] This embodiment uses three drilling and milling units arranged in parallel to enable simultaneous processing of multiple workpieces or parallel processing of multiple processes on the same workpiece. Compared with a single-channel machining center, it significantly shortens the total processing time for batch processing and increases the processing output per unit time.

[0025] The circular clamping station 31 of the tool magazine 3 in this embodiment can store all the tools 32 required for processing in advance, eliminating the need for manual tool replacement during the process; at the same time, the horizontal sliding design makes the movement path of the tool magazine 3 simple, and in conjunction with the lifting action of the spindle 22, it can quickly complete the tool change positioning, reduce the tool change waiting time, and improve the continuity of the overall processing flow.

[0026] This embodiment completely avoids interference between the tool magazine 3 and the spindle 22 and the workpiece by using the action logic that the tool magazine 3 is far away during normal processing and precisely closes to the spindle during tool change. This reduces the risk of processing interruption, equipment damage or workpiece scrap caused by interference and ensures the stable operation of the processing process.

[0027] In this embodiment, the tool magazine holder 3 adopts a horizontal sliding method. Compared with the traditional hinged swing tool magazine, the movement trajectory is more accurate and there is no displacement deviation in the extra direction, which makes the docking accuracy between the clamping station 31 and the bottom of the spindle 22 higher. At the same time, each clamping station 31 is equipped with a clamping mechanism, which can stably clamp the tool 32, indirectly improving the tool changing accuracy, thereby ensuring the consistency of the workpiece machining dimensions.

[0028] This embodiment describes a compact three-channel high-efficiency drilling and milling machining center. The clamping mechanism includes a bracket 4 fixedly mounted on a tool magazine 3, a first clamping arm 51 movably mounted on a clamping station 31, and a second clamping arm 54 movably mounted on the clamping station 31. The bracket 4 is provided with a clamping groove 41 that cooperates with the clamping station 31. One end of the first clamping arm 51 is rotatably provided with a first roller 52 at the clamping groove 41. One end of the second clamping arm 54 is rotatably provided with a second roller 55 at the clamping groove 41. The middle part of the first clamping arm 51 is hinged to the bracket 4. The middle part of the second clamping arm 54 is hinged to the bracket 4. This embodiment describes a compact three-channel high-efficiency drilling and milling machining center. The support 4 has a drive groove 42; a drive block 6 is slidably mounted on the drive groove 42; a first drive pin 61 is mounted on one side of the drive block 6; a second drive pin 62 is mounted on the other side of the drive block 6; a first strip groove 53 is mounted at the other end of the first clamping arm 51; a second strip groove 56 is mounted at the other end of the second clamping arm 54; the first drive pin 61 is movably mounted in the first strip groove 53; and the second drive pin 62 is movably mounted in the second strip groove 56. In this embodiment, the drive block 6 is rotatably mounted with a drive roller 63; the drive roller 63 is telescopically mounted in the clamping groove 41; an annular groove 33 is mounted on the outer periphery of the tool 32; and the first roller 52, the second roller 55, and the drive roller 63 are movably mounted in the annular groove 33. This embodiment describes a compact three-channel high-efficiency drilling and milling machining center. One side of the drive block 6 is movably equipped with a first top block 64; the other side of the drive block 6 is movably equipped with a second top block 65; a clamping spring 66 is provided between the first top block 64 and the second top block 65; both sides of the drive groove 42 are provided with first abutting inclined surfaces 43; both the first top block 64 and the second top block 65 are provided with first driving inclined surfaces 67 that cooperate with the first abutting inclined surfaces 43; both sides of the drive groove 42 are provided with second abutting inclined surfaces 44; both the first top block 64 and the second top block 65 are provided with second driving inclined surfaces 68 that cooperate with the second abutting inclined surfaces 44; the inclination directions of the first abutting inclined surfaces 43 and the second abutting inclined surfaces 44 are opposite.

[0029] Specifically, in the compact three-channel high-efficiency drilling and milling machining center described in this embodiment, when the tool 32 is not placed in the clamping slot 41, under the action of the clamping spring 66, the first top block 64 and the second top block 65 respectively abut against the first abutting inclined surface 43, and the driving roller 63 protrudes into the clamping slot 41. The distance between the first roller 52 and the second roller 55 is relatively far, thereby opening the clamping slot 41, making it easier for the tool 32 to enter the clamping slot 41.

[0030] When the spindle 22 makes a downward cut, it moves upward, aligning the tool 32 with the clamping station 31 and the clamping groove 41. Then, the tool magazine 3 moves horizontally closer to the spindle 22, causing the tool 32 to gradually enter the clamping groove 41. After the annular groove 33 of the tool 32 abuts against the drive roller 63, the tool 32 pushes the drive block 6 away from the clamping groove 41 via the drive roller 63. During the movement of the drive block 6, the first clamping arm 51 and the second clamping arm 54 swing, and the first roller 52 and the second roller 55 gradually approach each other. Simultaneously, the first top block... The first top block 64 and the second top block 65 move along the direction of the second abutting inclined surface 44 until the first top block 64 and the second top block 65 move to the position of the second abutting inclined surface 44. At this point, the first roller 52 and the second roller 55 respectively abut against the annular groove 33 of the tool 32. Under the action of the clamping spring 66 and in cooperation with the second abutting inclined surface 44 and the second driving inclined surface 68, the driving block 6 generates a component force that moves away from the clamping groove 41, thereby clamping the tool 32. Then the spindle 22 continues to move upward, and the tool magazine 3 moves horizontally away from the spindle 22, thereby completing the downward movement of the spindle 22.

[0031] When the spindle 22 is loading the tool, the spindle 22 moves upward, and then the tool magazine 3 moves horizontally closer to the spindle 22, so that the tool 32 in the clamping station 31 moves to the bottom of the spindle 22. Then the spindle 22 moves downward, so that the tool 32 is inserted into the spindle 22. Then the tool magazine 3 moves horizontally away from the spindle 22. As the tool 32 exits from the clamping slot 41, the tool 32 pushes the first roller 52 and the second roller 55 away from each other, so that the drive block 6 moves towards the clamping slot 41 until the first top block 64 and the second top block 65 move back to the first abutting inclined surface 43, thus completing the loading of the tool onto the spindle 22.

[0032] In this embodiment, a compact three-channel high-efficiency drilling and milling machining center is provided, wherein the crossbeam 21 is equipped with a cylinder 7; the output end of the cylinder 7 is connected to a tool magazine holder 8; and the tool magazine frame 3 is rotatably mounted on the tool magazine holder 8.

[0033] This embodiment describes a compact three-channel high-efficiency drilling and milling machining center, in which the tool magazine holder 8 is equipped with a guide rod 81; the guide rod 81 slides through the crossbeam 21. This arrangement allows the tool magazine holder 8 and the tool magazine support 3 to move stably in the horizontal direction.

[0034] This embodiment describes a compact three-channel high-efficiency drilling and milling machining center. The crossbeam 21 is equipped with a reversing valve 9. A piston 71 is slidably sealed within the cylinder 7. A first cylinder body is formed between one end of the piston 71 and the cylinder 7; a second cylinder body is formed between the other end of the piston 71 and the cylinder 7. The first and second cylinder bodies are respectively connected to the reversing valve 9. The first and second cylinder bodies are not shown in the figure. In this embodiment, the reversing valve 9 has a vent chamber 91 extending along the height direction. A valve core 92 is movably mounted in the vent chamber 91. A trigger element 93 is located at the bottom of the valve core 92. A trigger spring 94 is located between the trigger element 93 and the bottom of the reversing valve 9. The trigger element 93 is used to abut against the spindle 22. The reversing valve 9 has a first air port 95, a second air port 96, an inlet 97, and an outlet 98. 8 and an air exchange port 99; the first air port 95, the second air port 96, the air inlet 97, the air outlet 98, and the air exchange port 99 are respectively connected to the ventilation chamber 91; the air exchange port 99 is connected to the air outlet 98; in the natural state, the air inlet 97 is connected to the first air port 95, and the air exchange port 99 is connected to the second air port 96; when the valve core 92 moves upward to a preset value, the air inlet 97 is connected to the second air port 96, and the air outlet 98 is connected to the first air port 95. In this embodiment, a compact three-channel high-efficiency drilling and milling machining center is provided, wherein a first air pipe 72 is provided between the first air port 95 and the first cylinder; and a second air pipe 73 is provided between the second air port 96 and the second cylinder.

[0035] Specifically, in the compact three-channel high-efficiency drilling and milling machining center described in this embodiment, when the spindle 22 is working normally, the spindle 22 is located at the bottom of the trigger 93 and the spindle 22 is not against the trigger 93. At this time, the valve core 92 is in a natural state, the air inlet 97 is connected to the first air port 95, and the air exchange port 99 is connected to the second air port 96. Since the air exchange port 99 is connected to the air outlet 98, that is, the second air port 96 is connected to the air outlet 98. At this time, the air inlet 97 is connected to the first cylinder through the first air port 95, and the air outlet 98 is connected to the second cylinder after passing through the air exchange port 99 and the second air port 96. Gas is introduced into the air inlet 97, causing the piston 71 to move towards the second cylinder, that is, pushing the tool magazine 3 to move horizontally away from the spindle 22.

[0036] When the spindle 22 needs to perform up or down cutting, the spindle 22 moves upward. After the spindle 22 comes into contact with the trigger 93, it pushes the trigger 93 and the valve core 92 to move upward until the valve core 92 moves upward to a preset value. At this time, the air inlet 97 is connected to the second air inlet 96, and the air outlet 98 is connected to the first air inlet 95. At this time, the air inlet 97 is connected to the second cylinder through the second air inlet 96, and the air outlet 98 is connected to the first cylinder through the first air inlet 95. Gas is introduced into the air inlet 97, which causes the piston 71 to move towards the first cylinder, that is, pushes the tool magazine 3 to move horizontally closer to the spindle 22.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compact three-pass high efficiency drilling and milling machining center characterized by: The machine base (1) is provided with the first drilling and milling unit (11), the second drilling and milling unit (12) and the third drilling and milling unit (13) arranged side by side. The first drilling and milling unit (11), the second drilling and milling unit (12) and the third drilling and milling unit (13) each include a column (2) arranged on the machine base (1), a cross beam (21) arranged on the top of the column (2), a main shaft (22) arranged on the column (2) in a lifting manner, and a tool magazine rack (3) arranged on the cross beam (21) in a sliding manner. The tool magazine rack (3) is provided with a plurality of clamping stations (31) for placing tools (32) in the circumferential direction, and the tool magazine rack (3) is provided with a clamping mechanism at each clamping station (31).

2. A compact three-pass high efficiency drilling and milling machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism includes a support (4) fixedly arranged on the tool magazine rack (3), a first clamping arm (51) movably arranged on the clamping station (31), and a second clamping arm (54) movably arranged on the clamping station (31); the support (4) is provided with a clamping groove (41) matched with the clamping station (31); one end of the first clamping arm (51) is rotatably provided with a first roller (52) at the clamping groove (41); one end of the second clamping arm (54) is rotatably provided with a second roller (55) at the clamping groove (41); the middle part of the first clamping arm (51) is hinged to the support (4); and the middle part of the second clamping arm (54) is hinged to the support (4).

3. A compact three-pass high efficiency drilling and milling machining center according to claim 2, characterized in that: The support (4) is provided with a driving groove (42); the driving groove (42) is slidably provided with a driving block (6); one side of the driving block (6) is provided with a first driving pin (61); the other side of the driving block (6) is provided with a second driving pin (62); the other end of the first clamping arm (51) is provided with a first slot (53); the other end of the second clamping arm (54) is provided with a second slot (56); the first driving pin (61) is movably arranged in the first slot (53); and the second driving pin (62) is movably arranged in the second slot (56).

4. A compact three-pass high efficiency drilling and milling machining center according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driving block (6) is rotatably provided with a driving roller (63); the driving roller (63) is telescopically movably arranged in the clamping groove (41); the outer periphery of the tool (32) is provided with an annular groove (33); the first roller (52), the second roller (55) and the driving roller (63) are movably arranged in the annular groove (33), respectively.

5. A compact three-pass high efficiency drilling and milling machining center according to claim 4, characterized in that: One side of the driving block (6) is telescopically movably provided with a first top block (64); the other side of the driving block (6) is telescopically movably provided with a second top block (65); and a tightening spring (66) is arranged between the first top block (64) and the second top block (65). Both sides of the driving groove (42) are provided with first abutting inclined surfaces (43); the first top block (64) and the second top block (65) are provided with first driving inclined surfaces (67) matched with the first abutting inclined surfaces (43); both sides of the driving groove (42) are provided with second abutting inclined surfaces (44); the first top block (64) and the second top block (65) are provided with second driving inclined surfaces (68) matched with the second abutting inclined surfaces (44); the first abutting inclined surfaces (43) and the second abutting inclined surfaces (44) are opposite in the direction of inclination.

6. A compact three-pass high efficiency drilling and milling machining center according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross beam (21) is provided with a gas cylinder (7); the output end of the gas cylinder (7) is connected with a tool magazine seat (8); the tool magazine frame (3) is rotationally arranged on the tool magazine seat (8).

7. A compact three-pass high efficiency drilling and milling machining center according to claim 6, characterized in that: The tool magazine seat (8) is provided with a guide rod (81); the guide rod (81) is slidably arranged in the cross beam (21).

8. A compact three-pass high efficiency drilling and milling machining center according to claim 6, characterized in that: The cross beam (21) is provided with a reversing valve (9); a piston (71) is sealingly and slidably arranged in the gas cylinder (7); a first cylinder body is formed between one end of the piston (71) and the gas cylinder (7); a second cylinder body is formed between the other end of the piston (71) and the gas cylinder (7); the first cylinder body and the second cylinder body are respectively communicated with the reversing valve (9).

9. A compact three-pass high efficiency drilling and milling machining center according to claim 8, characterized in that: The reversing valve (9) is provided with an air passage (91) extending in the height direction; the air passage (91) is movably provided with a valve core (92); the bottom of the valve core (92) is provided with a trigger piece (93); the trigger piece (93) and the bottom of the reversing valve (9) are provided with a trigger spring (94); the trigger piece (93) is used for abutting against the main shaft (22); The reversing valve (9) is provided with a first gas port (95), a second gas port (96), an air inlet (97), an air outlet (98) and an air exchange port (99); the first gas port (95), the second gas port (96), the air inlet (97), the air outlet (98) and the air exchange port (99) are respectively communicated with the air passage (91); the air exchange port (99) is communicated with the air outlet (98); In the natural state, the air inlet (97) is communicated with the first gas port (95), and the air exchange port (99) is communicated with the second gas port (96); when the valve core (92) moves upward to a preset value, the air inlet (97) is communicated with the second gas port (96), and the air outlet (98) is communicated with the first gas port (95).

10. A compact three-pass high efficiency drilling and milling machining center according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first gas port (95) and the first cylinder body are provided with a first air pipe (72); the second gas port (96) and the second cylinder body are provided with a second air pipe (73).

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