Uniform water curtain and positioning device integrated laser plasma impact device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a water uniformizing curtain and positioning device integrated laser plasma impact device which comprises a supporting device, the supporting device is connected with a storage device, and the top of the supporting device is connected with a moving device. The invention further discloses a uniform water curtain and positioning device integrated laser plasma impact method. According to the uniform water curtain and positioning device integrated laser plasma impact device and method disclosed by the invention, the technical problem of poor plasma constraint effect caused by insufficient stability of a water curtain constraint layer of laser plasma impact in the prior art is solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of laser shock wave, and particularly relates to a laser plasma shock device integrated with a uniform water curtain and a positioning device, and a laser plasma shock method integrated with a uniform water curtain and a positioning device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In laser shock processing (LSP), laser shock forming (LSF) and laser shock wave detection (LBI), the constraint layer is a necessary condition for realizing high pressure, long effect and controllable impact load, thereby ensuring the process effect. The water curtain as the constraint layer has very significant advantages in laser shock technology, such as wide source, excellent acoustic impedance, no need for advance preparation and low cost, and is widely used in scientific research and industrial applications. The common water curtain constraint layer usually uses a spray head to directly spray the target material to generate a water curtain. The water curtain constraint layer prepared by this method has the disadvantages of uneven thickness, poor stability and water mist splashing, which leads to poor adhesion of the water curtain to the surface of the target material and cannot form a continuous and stable constraint interface. This defect directly leads to poor plasma constraint effect. The plasma generated by laser action easily diffuses and escapes under the constraint of the unstable water curtain, cannot form sufficient impact pressure, and the constraint pressure is unevenly distributed on the target surface, finally leading to large fluctuations in the process effect of laser shock, which is difficult to meet the needs of high-precision industrial applications and scientific research experiments. Especially in the laser shock wave detection experiment, it will cause target ablation, laser energy scattering and attenuation and plasma constraint failure, which cannot guarantee the high pressure, long effect and controllability of the impact load, and seriously affects the overall effect of the laser shock process. SUMMARY

[0003] The first object of the application is to provide a laser plasma shock device integrated with a uniform water curtain and a positioning device, which solves the technical problem of poor plasma constraint effect caused by the instability of the water curtain constraint layer in the prior art laser plasma shock.

[0004] The second object of the application is to provide a laser plasma shock method integrated with a uniform water curtain and a positioning device.

[0005] The first technical solution adopted by the application is a laser plasma shock device integrated with a uniform water curtain and a positioning device, which comprises a support device, the support device is connected with a storage device, and the top of the support device is connected with a moving device.

[0006] The first technical solution of the application is also characterized in that, The support device comprises a table top, the lower end surface of the table top is threadedly connected with a leveling base, the side wall of the leveling base is threadedly connected with the storage device, the upper end surface of the table top is provided with a water guide opening and a plurality of water guide grooves, and the table top is threadedly connected with the moving device.

[0007] The bottom of the balancing base is threaded with nut support legs, and the upper surface of the platform has multiple water inlet channels that are parallel to each other and evenly spaced rectangular water inlet channels.

[0008] The storage device includes a water pump, a filtered water tank, and a water collection tank. The filtered water tank and the water collection tank are connected by a hose, and the water pump is connected to a mobile device by a hose. The water collection tank and the water inlet are positioned correspondingly.

[0009] The moving device includes a Y-axis lead screw slide, which is slidably connected to the table surface. A motor is rotatably connected to the Y-axis lead screw slide, and a slide fixing component is slidably connected to the Y-axis lead screw slide. The top of the slide table fixing component 1 is vertically threaded with a Z-axis lead screw slide table, and the Z-axis lead screw slide table is rotatably connected to a motor 2. The middle of the Z-axis lead screw slide table is laterally slidably connected to an X-axis lead screw slide table through the slide table fixing component 2. The X-axis lead screw slide table is rotatably connected to a motor 3. A target clamp is connected to the X-axis lead screw slide table, and the target clamp is connected to a nozzle angle adjustment mechanism. The nozzle angle adjustment mechanism is connected to a pressure-stabilizing water curtain nozzle.

[0010] The nozzle angle adjustment mechanism includes a fixed base plate; the target clamp is connected to the fixed base plate by a thread, and a base plate is fixedly attached to the fixed base plate; A pressure-stabilized water curtain nozzle is connected to the fixed base plate via an angle adjustment assembly consisting of a base, fastening screws, and nuts. The pressure-stabilized water curtain nozzle is connected to a hose connector, which is connected to a second hose. The fastening screw passes through the connection between the base of the fixed base plate and the pressure-stabilized water curtain nozzle. The spray angle of the pressure-stabilized water curtain nozzle is adjusted by the cooperation of the nut and the fastening screw.

[0011] The control panel is fixed to the side wall of the balancing base away from the filter water tank. The control panel is connected to motor one, motor two and motor three respectively.

[0012] The second technical solution adopted in this invention is a laser plasma impact method integrating a uniform water curtain and a positioning device, the specific steps of which are as follows: S1, Construct a base frame consisting of a balancing base and nut legs, and a storage device and a moving device fixed on it; S2, by driving the motor, aligns the target material with the laser; S3, start the water pump, water is delivered from the filter water tank through the hose to the pressure-stabilized water curtain nozzle, adjust the nozzle angle adjustment mechanism to make the water curtain cover the target material; S4, wastewater is sent to the filter tank through a hose for filtration, and then pumped to the pressure-stabilized water curtain nozzle for circulation.

[0013] The second technical solution of the present invention is further characterized in that, S2 specifically involves fixing the target material onto the target material fixture and driving the motors corresponding to the Y-axis lead screw slide, Z-axis lead screw slide, and X-axis lead screw slide through the control panel to move the target material in three-dimensional space, thereby ensuring precise alignment between the target material and the laser beam. S3 specifically involves: starting the water pump to deliver water from the filtered water tank to the pressure-stabilized water curtain nozzle via hose 2; adjusting the nozzle angle adjustment mechanism to allow the water curtain generated by the pressure-stabilized water curtain nozzle to cover the surface of the target material, forming a plasma confinement layer.

[0014] S4 specifically refers to the wastewater generated after the water curtain flows through the target material, which is collected by the water inlet on the platform and flows into the water collection tank. The wastewater in the water collection tank is transported to the filter water tank through a hose, and then pumped to the pressure-stabilized water curtain nozzle to achieve water curtain circulation supply.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention provides a laser plasma impact device and method integrating a uniform water curtain and a positioning device, comprising an electrically driven XYZ platform, a water guide channel, a water collection tank, a filter box, a water pump, a target clamp, and a spray head with a single opening. It achieves rapid alignment of the target and laser, uniform water curtain coverage of the target, uninterrupted water curtain operation, wastewater collection, and water recycling. It provides a highly controllable, single-variable experimental platform, allowing for precise study of the relationship between laser parameters, water curtain parameters, and the enhancement effect, without the interference of an unstable water curtain. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the laser plasma impact device integrating a uniform water curtain and a positioning device according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the nozzle angle adjustment mechanism of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Balancing base; 2. Nut support leg; 3. Tabletop; 4. Hose 1; 5. Hose 2; 6. Water pump; 7. Filter water tank; 8. Water inlet; 9. Water collection tank; 10. Water inlet trough; 11. Control panel; 12. Y-axis lead screw slide; 13. Motor 1; 14. Slide fixing part 1; 15. Z-axis lead screw slide; 16. Slide fixing part 2; 17. Motor 2; 18. X-axis lead screw slide; 19. Target clamp; 20. Nozzle angle adjustment mechanism; 2001. Fastening screw; 2002. Hose connector; 2003. Nut; 2004. Base; 2005. 21. Pressure-stabilized water curtain nozzle; 22. Motor 3. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] Example 1 This invention provides a laser plasma impact device integrating a uniform water curtain and a positioning device, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a support device, a storage device connected to the support device, and a moving device connected to the top of the support device.

[0020] This embodiment provides a highly integrated laser plasma impact device. By using a support device as the basic load-bearing structure, it integrates and connects a storage device and a moving device to form a unified functional architecture, thereby achieving coordinated operation of water curtain supply, target positioning, and overall support. The support device provides stable mechanical support for the entire system and serves as the installation reference for other functional modules. The storage device, connected to the support device, is mainly used to store and recycle water for the water curtain, ensuring a continuous and stable water supply. The moving device, located on top of the support device, drives the target clamp to move precisely in space, completing the alignment operation with the laser beam.

[0021] Example 2 Based on Example 1, this example further provides: The support device includes a platform 3, a leveling base 1 is threadedly connected to the lower end of the platform 3, a storage device is threadedly connected to the side wall of the leveling base 1, a water guide 8 and multiple water inlets 10 are provided on the upper end of the platform 3, and a moving device is threadedly connected to the platform 3.

[0022] The support device, as the fundamental load-bearing structure of the entire laser plasma impact device, primarily serves the functions of mechanical support, horizontal adjustment, wastewater diversion, and installation reference for the moving platform. The platform 3, as the core component of the support device, is made of high-strength metal materials, such as Q235 steel or aluminum alloy, possessing sufficient rigidity and deformation resistance to ensure structural stability during experiments. The platform 3 has a flat, plate-like structure, with its lower end fixedly assembled to the leveling base 1 via a threaded connection. The leveling base 1 is used to achieve horizontal adjustment of the entire device, working in conjunction with the subsequently installed nut legs 2 to adapt to different ground conditions and ensure that the platform 3 remains level, providing the prerequisite for the precise operation of the moving device. The storage device is threadedly connected to the side wall of the leveling base 1. This arrangement allows the storage device to be securely installed on one side of the support device, saving space and facilitating pipeline connections and subsequent maintenance.

[0023] The upper surface of the platform 3 is provided with a water guide 8 and multiple water channels 10 to guide the orderly flow and centralized discharge of wastewater generated during the experiment. The water channels 10 are groove structures formed on the surface of the platform 3, extending along the length of the platform. Multiple water channels 10 are parallel to each other and evenly spaced, forming a grid-like drainage network that effectively covers the area below the target fixture 19, ensuring that sputtering wastewater can be collected nearby regardless of the target's location. The cross-section of the water channels 10 can be rectangular, U-shaped, or V-shaped; a rectangular structure is preferred for ease of manufacturing and good flow guidance. The water guide 8 is located at the confluence of the water channels 10, serving as a wastewater discharge channel to guide the collected water into the collection tank 9, achieving closed-loop recycling.

[0024] The platform 3 is also fixed to the moving device via a threaded connection. This connection structure provides a high-precision mounting reference surface for electrically driven motion components such as the Y-axis lead screw slide 12. The platform 3 has a pre-drilled array of mounting holes that match the moving device, allowing the mounting position to be adjusted according to actual needs, thus enhancing the system's adaptability and expandability.

[0025] Example 3 Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further provides: the bottom of the balancing base 1 is threaded with a nut support leg 2, and the multiple water inlet channels 10 opened on the upper surface of the platform 3 are rectangular water inlet channels that are parallel to each other and evenly spaced.

[0026] This structure improves the overall leveling capability and drainage performance of the device by setting adjustable nut legs at the bottom of the leveling base and specifying the geometric shape and arrangement of the water inlet channels on the platform, thereby enhancing the stability of equipment operation and the consistency of the water curtain generation environment.

[0027] The balancing base 1 serves as the fundamental support component of the entire device, supporting the platform 3 and the integrated moving and storage devices on top of it. Its bottom is fitted with nut legs 2 via a threaded connection, allowing for axial displacement adjustment of the nut legs relative to the balancing base. The nut legs 2 typically consist of an externally threaded rod and a locking nut that is screwed in. Their extension length can be adjusted manually or with tools, enabling independent adjustment of the height of the four corner points. When the equipment is placed on uneven ground, adjusting the extension of each nut leg ensures the platform is level, guaranteeing that the positioning accuracy of the subsequent XYZ direction movement platform is not affected by tilt. Multiple water channels 10 are formed on the upper surface of the platform 3, extending along the platform surface and ultimately converging at the water inlet 8. In the current embodiment, multiple water inlet troughs 10 are clearly defined as rectangular water inlet troughs that are parallel to each other and evenly spaced. The width ranges from 5mm to 20mm, and the depth ranges from 3mm to 15mm. The center distance between adjacent troughs is kept consistent, forming a regular array. This layout helps to quickly and orderly guide the wastewater that has been sprayed onto the table to the water inlet 8, avoiding local accumulation of water or the generation of eddies.

[0028] Example 4 Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further provides: The storage device includes a water pump 6, a filter water tank 7 and a water collection tank 9. The filter water tank 7 and the water collection tank 9 are connected by a hose 4. The water pump 6 is connected to a mobile device by a hose 5. The water collection tank 9 and the water inlet 8 are positioned opposite each other.

[0029] This embodiment achieves closed-loop recycling and stable supply of water resources by constructing a storage device including a water pump 6, a filter tank 7, and a collection tank 9, and establishing fluid connections between the components. The collection tank 9 collects wastewater from the water inlet of the platform 3; the filter tank 7 filters impurities from the recycled water to ensure cleanliness; and the water pump 6 acts as a power source to pressurize and deliver the purified water to the pressure-stabilized water curtain nozzle at the end of the mobile device, thus forming a continuous and uniform water curtain constraint layer. A flexible hose connects the collection tank and the filter tank, ensuring wastewater can smoothly enter the filtration stage; another flexible hose connects the pump outlet to the nozzle in the mobile device, forming a water supply path. Furthermore, the precise spatial alignment of the collection tank and the platform's water inlet ensures unobstructed wastewater discharge, preventing water accumulation or leakage.

[0030] Both hose 4 and hose 5 are made of pressure-resistant, aging-resistant, and flexible synthetic rubber or polyurethane materials, with an inner diameter generally of 8–12 mm and a length that can be flexibly adjusted according to the equipment layout. Hose 4 is connected at both ends to the outlet of the water collection tank 9 and the inlet of the filter tank 7, forming a wastewater transport channel. Hose 5 connects the outlet of the water pump 6 to the pressure-stabilizing water curtain nozzle 21 in the mobile device, undertaking the task of transmitting high-pressure purified water. In an alternative embodiment, the above hoses can be replaced by rigid pipes with universal joints, suitable for fixed installation scenarios, improving the structural stability of the system.

[0031] Example 5 Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further provides: the moving device includes a Y-axis lead screw slide 12, which is slidably connected to the table surface 3. A motor 13 is rotatably connected to the Y-axis lead screw slide 12. A slide fixing component 14 is slidably connected to the Y-axis lead screw slide 12. A Z-axis lead screw slide 15 is vertically threaded to the top of the slide fixing component 14. A motor 27 is rotatably connected to the Z-axis lead screw slide 15. An X-axis lead screw slide 18 is slidably connected to the middle of the Z-axis lead screw slide 15 through the slide fixing component 26. A motor 32 is rotatably connected to the X-axis lead screw slide 18. A target clamp 19 is connected to the X-axis lead screw slide 18. A nozzle angle adjustment mechanism 20 is connected to the target clamp 19. A pressure-stabilizing water curtain nozzle 21 is connected to the nozzle angle adjustment mechanism 20. In this embodiment, the mobile device constitutes an integrated three-dimensional motion platform for precise spatial positioning of the target fixture and its front-end accessories. This structure is formed by nested lead screw slides in the Y, Z, and X directions, creating an independently driveable multi-axis linkage system, allowing for flexible adjustment of the target position in space. The Y-axis lead screw slide 12 serves as the basic motion unit, reciprocating along the horizontal Y-axis along the platform 3. Its driving force comes from motor 13, which is connected to the lead screw via a coupling, converting rotational motion into linear motion. Slide fixing component 14 is mounted on the slider of the Y-axis lead screw slide 12, moving synchronously with the slide and serving as the support base for the Z-axis lead screw slide 15. The Z-axis lead screw slide 15 is vertically fixed by slide fixing component 14 and can operate independently along the vertical Z-axis. Powered by motor 17, it achieves lifting and lowering functions, suitable for adjusting the target height to match the laser beam focus position. The Z-axis lead screw slide 15 is structurally designed to maintain a rigid connection while possessing good guiding accuracy, avoiding jamming or positioning deviations caused by off-center loading. Based on this, the slide fixing component 2 16 is laterally connected to the middle of the Z-axis lead screw slide 15, serving as the mounting carrier for the X-axis lead screw slide 18. This allows the X-axis motion module to perform translational operations along the X-axis in the forward extension direction, expanding the overall motion freedom. The X-axis lead screw slide 18 is driven by motor 3 22, which moves the slider on it back and forth along the guide rail, with its end connected to the target clamp 19. The target clamp 19 is used to securely hold test samples of different sizes and shapes. Its clamping method can employ pneumatic, manual, or electromagnetic locking mechanisms, and the material can be aluminum alloy or engineering plastic, balancing lightweight and corrosion resistance. The front end of the clamp integrates a nozzle angle adjustment mechanism 20. This mechanism serves as a mechanical interface to adjust and fix the attitude of the pressure-stabilized water curtain nozzle 21, ensuring that the water outlet direction is always directly facing the center area of ​​the target surface, improving the consistency and stability of the water curtain coverage. The pressure-stabilized water curtain nozzle 21 is a slit-type nozzle with an elongated outlet, capable of generating a sheet-like water flow of uniform width and controllable thickness, forming a continuous and stable water curtain layer as a plasma confinement medium during laser action. This nozzle can be continuously supplied with liquid through an external water supply system, maintaining a stable flow field under pressure regulation and reducing turbulence and splashing.

[0032] The aforementioned lead screw slides in various directions are combined through modular connections to form a "YZX" cascade structure, ensuring both decoupling of the motion paths and a compact layout. Each motor controls the motion of a single coordinate axis, facilitating programmable control and automation integration. For example, motors 1-13, 17-18, and 22-29 can all be connected to a controller to achieve various motion modes such as jogging, continuous movement, or trajectory scanning, meeting the precise positioning requirements in complex experimental scenarios.

[0033] Example 6 Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further provides: The nozzle angle adjustment mechanism 20 includes a fixed base plate 2005; a target clamp 19 is threadedly connected to the fixed base plate 2005, and a base 2004 is fixedly attached to the fixed base plate 2005; a pressure-stabilized water curtain nozzle 21 is connected to the fixed base plate 2005 via an angle adjustment assembly consisting of a base, a fastening screw 2001, and a nut 2003; a hose connector 2002 is connected to the pressure-stabilized water curtain nozzle 21, and the hose connector 2002 is connected to a hose 5; the fastening screw 2001 passes through the connection between the base 2004 of the fixed base plate 2005 and the pressure-stabilized water curtain nozzle 21, and the spray angle of the pressure-stabilized water curtain nozzle 21 is adjusted by the cooperation of the nut 2003 and the fastening screw 2001.

[0034] This embodiment provides a mechanical angle adjustment structure for adjusting the jet direction of a pressure-stabilized water curtain nozzle. This structure enables flexible adjustment of the water curtain coverage, ensuring effective coverage of the target surface under various experimental conditions to form a stable and uniform plasma confinement layer. Through a simple mechanical connection, this structure achieves high-precision, repeatable angle adjustment, suitable for the directional control requirements of the water curtain in laser plasma impact experiments.

[0035] The nozzle angle adjustment mechanism 20, as the core component for controlling the attitude of the water curtain nozzles, mainly includes an angle adjustment assembly consisting of a fixed base plate 2005, a base 2004, fastening screws 2001 and nuts 2003, and a hose connector 2002 for water supply connection. This mechanism is installed in front of the target clamp 19 and directly connected to the pressure-stabilized water curtain nozzle 21, forming an adjustable-angle water supply spray unit.

[0036] The target clamp 19 is connected to the fixed base plate 2005 via a threaded connection, achieving a rigid connection between the two. This connection method facilitates disassembly and maintenance while ensuring structural stability. The fixed base plate 2005 can be made of stainless steel or aluminum alloy, possessing good mechanical strength and corrosion resistance, suitable for long-term operation in humid environments. The shape of the fixed base plate 2005 can be designed as rectangular, L-shaped, or polygonal according to the actual spatial layout to accommodate the needs of clamps and nozzle arrangements of different sizes.

[0037] A base 2004 is fixedly attached to the fixed base plate 2005. This base serves as a support structure for the angle adjustment assembly and is typically integrally formed with the fixed base plate or connected by welding, screw fastening, or other methods. The base 2004 has through holes for inserting fastening screws 2001. Its structure must have sufficient thickness and strength to withstand the torsional force and locking pressure applied during the adjustment process.

[0038] The angle adjustment assembly consists of a base 2004, a fastening screw 2001, and a nut 2003, used to achieve rotational adjustment of the pressure-stabilized water curtain nozzle 21 relative to the fixed base plate 2005. Specifically, the fastening screw 2001 passes through the mounting hole on the base 2004 and through the connecting lug or hinge of the pressure-stabilized water curtain nozzle 21, and is initially tightened by the nut 2003. When it is necessary to adjust the nozzle angle, the nut 2003 can be loosened appropriately to create a certain gap between the fastening screw 2001 and the connecting part, thereby allowing the pressure-stabilized water curtain nozzle 21 to rotate around the axis of the fastening screw; after adjusting to the required angle, the nut 2003 is tightened again, and the nozzle is locked in the set position by friction. This adjustment method does not require an additional drive device, is simple to operate, low in cost, and the adjustment accuracy depends on the operator's experience and the configuration of the scale auxiliary device.

[0039] As an optional implementation, an arc-shaped groove or angle scale can be provided on the fixed base plate 2005, used in conjunction with the fastening screw 2001, to achieve quantitative reading and repeatable positioning of the angle. For example, an arc-shaped groove with a central angle of ±30° can be machined around the base 2004, and the fastening screw 2001 can slide along the groove, allowing for precise adjustment within a range of ±30° in conjunction with the pointer and scale. Alternatively, a double-bolt structure can be used instead of single-point fastening to improve stability and torsional resistance during rotation.

[0040] The pressure-stabilizing water curtain nozzle 21 is a key component for forming a continuous and uniform water curtain. Its outlet is a narrow, elongated slit, typically 0.1–2 mm wide, with the length determined by the target size, covering the entire area to be impacted. The nozzle contains a flow-stabilizing cavity or guide plate structure to eliminate water flow turbulence, ensuring consistent water velocity and forming a smooth water film. The nozzle body can be made of brass, stainless steel, or engineering plastics, possessing good wear resistance and pressure resistance.

[0041] The pressure-stabilizing water curtain nozzle 21 is connected to a hose connector 2002, which is used to connect to an external water supply hose 25 to achieve dynamic water supply. The hose connector 2002 preferably adopts a threaded connection to ensure a firm connection and reliable sealing. The hose connector 2002 can integrate a filter screen or a one-way valve structure to further improve the safety and stability of the system.

[0042] The fastening screw 2001 passes through the connection point between the base 2004 of the fixed base plate 2005 and the pressure-stabilized water curtain nozzle 21, forming a rotation fulcrum. The fastening screw 2001 can be a socket head cap screw or a reamed bolt, made of high-strength alloy steel, with a galvanized or blackened surface to enhance rust resistance. The nut 2003 works in conjunction with the fastening screw 2001 to complete the final locking action after angle adjustment.

[0043] Example 7 Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further provides: A control panel 11 is fixed to the side wall of the balancing base 1 away from the filter water tank 7. The control panel 11 is connected to motor 13, motor 27 and motor 32 respectively.

[0044] This embodiment achieves centralized control of the motion system by setting a control panel on one side of the balancing base and electrically connecting it to multiple drive motors, thereby improving the ease of operation and automation level of the equipment. The control panel, as the core component of human-machine interaction, receives control commands input by the user and transmits electrical signals to the corresponding motor drive circuits, thus enabling independent or coordinated control of the motors 13, 17, and 22 associated with the Y-axis lead screw slide 12, Z-axis lead screw slide 15, and X-axis lead screw slide 18. The control panel can realize start / stop, direction switching, and speed adjustment functions through buttons, knobs, or a touch screen, supporting flexible switching between manual fine-tuning and automatic positioning modes.

[0045] The balancing base 1 provides stable support for the overall structure, and the control panel 11 is fixedly installed on its side wall away from the filter water tank 7. This arrangement avoids interference from environmental factors such as water vapor and vibration on the control components, while allowing operators to control the equipment from a natural viewing angle from the front or right side. The connection between the control panel 11 and each motor uses a standard industrial-grade electrical interface. Motor 13, Motor 27, and Motor 32 are all stepper motors or servo motors, possessing high-precision position feedback and response characteristics, and can accurately execute movement actions according to the pulse signals emitted by the control panel.

[0046] Furthermore, the control panel 11 can integrate a PLC controller or a microcontroller control system, supporting multiple preset motion paths and parameter combinations to achieve one-click automatic alignment. For example, after changing to a different size target, the operator can call the corresponding program through the control panel to automatically complete the initial positioning process, significantly reducing human error.

[0047] The various technical features work synergistically through mechanical fixing and electrical connection: the balancing base 1 not only provides structural support but also serves as the mounting base for the control panel 11, ensuring its spatial stability; the control panel 11 acts as the control hub, establishing communication links with motor 13, motor 17, and motor 22 via wires to achieve unified scheduling of the three-dimensional motion system; the three motors drive the lead screw slides in the Y, Z, and X directions respectively, jointly completing the precise spatial positioning of the target fixture. This layout allows the control unit to be distributed near the power execution unit, shortening wiring distance, reducing the risk of electromagnetic interference, and improving system response efficiency.

[0048] Example 8 Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further provides a laser plasma impact method integrating a uniform water curtain and a positioning device. Specifically, the laser plasma impact device integrating the uniform water curtain and positioning device described above is used as follows: S1, construct a base frame consisting of a balancing base 1 and nut support legs 2, and a storage device and a moving device fixed thereon; The base frame consists of a leveling base 1 and multiple nut-supported legs 2. The leveling base 1 serves as the main support structure and is fixed to the platform 3 via a threaded connection to ensure overall structural rigidity. The nut-supported legs 2 are threaded to the bottom of the leveling base 1 and can be rotated to adjust the overall level of the equipment, adapting to differences in the flatness of different experimental sites. The storage device includes a water pump 6, a filtered water tank 7, and a water collection tank 9, all of which are screwed onto the side wall or upper surface of the leveling base 1 for easy maintenance and piping layout. The moving device includes a Y-axis lead screw slide 12, a Z-axis lead screw slide 15, an X-axis lead screw slide 18, and their drive motors, all of which are installed on the platform 3 via threaded connections or sliding fits, forming a three-dimensional electrically driven motion platform. This step of the construction process encompasses mechanical assembly, piping connection, and electrical wiring, requiring the completion of spatial positioning and functional integration of all components to ensure normal operation in subsequent steps.

[0049] S2, through the 11 drive motor, aligns the target material with the laser; The control panel 11 has a built-in controller or an external industrial computer, and features a human-machine interface, allowing input of commands via buttons or knobs. The driving motors include motor one 13, motor two 17, and motor three 22, corresponding to the power sources of the Y-axis lead screw slide 12, Z-axis lead screw slide 15, and X-axis lead screw slide 18, respectively. The target clamp 19 is mounted at the end of the X-axis lead screw slide 18 and is used to hold the sample to be tested. By independently controlling the start, stop, and forward / reverse rotation of the three motors, the target material is moved precisely in three-dimensional space to achieve spatial alignment with the incident laser beam. This step can be performed in automatic mode with a vision-guided system for rapid coarse positioning, or in manual mode with fine calibration using a fine-tuning knob to meet different accuracy requirements. For example, when the target material is a curved composite material, its approximate position can be adjusted first using the Y and Z axes, and then fine-tuned using the X-axis slide to ensure that its surface normal is perpendicular to the laser axis, thereby guaranteeing a uniform energy density distribution.

[0050] S3, start water pump 6, water is delivered from filter water tank 7 through hose to pressure-stabilized water curtain nozzle 21, adjust nozzle angle adjustment mechanism 20 to make water curtain cover target material; S4, the wastewater is sent to the filter tank 7 through the hose for filtration, and then pumped by the water pump 6 to the pressure-stabilizing water curtain nozzle 21 to achieve circulation.

[0051] Unevaporated wastewater flows down the surface of the target material, collects at the inlet 8 via multiple water channels 10 on the platform 3, and then flows into the collection tank 9 through the hose 4. The collection tank 9 is connected to the filter tank 7 and can be equipped with a primary sedimentation screen to intercept large particles. The purified water is re-pumped and pressurized by the pump 6 and delivered to the pressure-stabilized water curtain nozzle 21, completing a full water circulation cycle.

[0052] Through the above steps, this application achieves standardized operation of the entire process from device construction, target positioning, water curtain generation to waste liquid treatment. Due to the adoption of a modular base frame and pre-designed pipeline layout, the device construction process is simple and efficient. Through the collaborative work of the electrically driven XYZ platform and control panel, high-precision alignment of the target and laser beam is achieved, with a positioning error of less than ±0.1mm. The pressure-stabilized water curtain nozzle, combined with an adjustable angle mechanism, can stably generate a uniform and continuous water curtain coverage layer under various experimental conditions, effectively suppressing lateral plasma expansion and laser scattering. The closed-loop water circulation system is not only energy-saving and environmentally friendly, but also avoids the impact of water quality deterioration on the water curtain morphology. The overall process logic is clear and the operation is convenient, significantly improving the repeatability of experiments and data reliability. It is suitable for various laser plasma impact-related scientific research and industrial testing scenarios, and can also be extended to automated supply systems for transparent gels or other liquid confinement layers.

[0053] Example 9 Based on the above embodiments, this embodiment further provides: S2 specifically involves: fixing the target material onto the target material clamp 19, driving the motors corresponding to the Y-axis lead screw slide 12, Z-axis lead screw slide 15, and X-axis lead screw slide 18 to rotate via the control panel 11, thereby moving the target material in three-dimensional space and ensuring precise alignment between the target material and the laser beam; starting the water pump 6 to deliver water from the filtered water tank 7 to the pressure-stabilized water curtain nozzle 21 via the hose 25, and adjusting the nozzle angle adjustment mechanism 20 to allow the water curtain generated by the pressure-stabilized water curtain nozzle 21 to cover the surface of the target material, forming a plasma confinement layer.

[0054] The target clamp 19 is used to hold test material samples of different shapes and sizes. Its structure can be designed as a three-jaw chuck, electromagnetic adsorption, or vacuum suction cup, and the material can be stainless steel, aluminum alloy, or engineering plastic to balance strength, corrosion resistance, and lightweight requirements. Positioning pins or reference surfaces can be integrated inside the clamp to ensure consistency in each clamping and improve experimental repeatability. This clamp is fixed to the front end of the X-axis lead screw slide 18 via a threaded connection, achieving stable support and facilitating disassembly and replacement.

[0055] Secondly, the control panel 11 serves as the human-machine interface, equipped with start / stop buttons, direction switching knobs, and speed adjustment knobs. It can independently control motor 13, motor 27, and motor 32, each of which is a stepper motor or servo motor, possessing high-precision position feedback functionality. Together with the lead screw slide, it achieves micron-level motion control. The Y-axis lead screw slide 12 is arranged laterally along the table surface 3, responsible for horizontal Y-axis translation; the Z-axis lead screw slide 15 is vertically mounted on the slide fixture 14, achieving vertical Z-axis lifting; and the X-axis lead screw slide 18 extends laterally in front of the Z-axis slide, completing forward and backward X-axis adjustment. These three motion platforms together constitute an electrically driven XYZ three-dimensional motion system, allowing continuous adjustment of the target's spatial coordinates within three-dimensional space. The water pump 6 is fixed to the balancing base 1 via a threaded connection. The electrical interface of the water pump 6 is connected to the control panel 11, receiving remote start / stop commands to achieve automated control.

[0056] Finally, by tightening or loosening the fastening screw 2001 and nut 2003, the pressure-stabilized water curtain nozzle 21 can be rotated within a certain angle range, making its water outlet direction perpendicular or inclined to the target surface. The pressure-stabilized water curtain nozzle 21 has a slit-shaped outlet with a width of 0.1~0.5mm and a length set according to the target size, which can produce a planar, uniformly thick thin layer of water flow, covering an area of ​​tens of square centimeters. When the laser beam acts on the target surface covered by the water curtain, the water rapidly vaporizes and ionizes to form plasma, while the continuously flowing water curtain above plays a role in acoustic impedance matching and energy confinement, suppressing the plasma from expanding too quickly and prolonging the action time of the high-pressure shock wave.

[0057] S4 specifically refers to the wastewater generated after the water curtain flows through the target material, which is collected by the water inlet 10 on the platform 3 and flows into the water collection tank 9. The wastewater in the water collection tank 9 is transported to the filter water tank 7 through the hose 4 and then transported to the pressure-stabilizing water curtain nozzle 21 by the water pump 6 to realize the water curtain circulation supply.

Claims

1. A laser plasma impact device integrated with a uniform water curtain and positioning device, characterized in that, Including support device, support device is connected with storage device, support device top is connected with mobile device.

2. The uniform water curtain integrated with the laser plasma impact device of claim 1, wherein, The support device includes a table top (3), a bottom end surface of the table top (3) is threadedly connected with a matching base (1), a side wall of the matching base (1) is threadedly connected with a storage device, a top end surface of the table top (3) is provided with a water guide opening (8) and a plurality of water guide grooves (10), and the table top (3) is threadedly connected with a mobile device.

3. The uniform water curtain integrated with the laser plasma impact device of claim 2, wherein, The matching base (1) is threadedly connected with a nut leg (2) at the bottom, and the plurality of water guide grooves (10) provided on the top end surface of the table top (3) are rectangular water guide grooves that are parallel to each other and uniformly spaced.

4. The uniform water curtain integrated with the laser plasma impact device of claim 3, wherein, The storage device includes a water pump (6), a filtered water tank (7) and a water collecting tank (9), the filtered water tank (7) and the water collecting tank (9) are communicated through a hose (4), and the water pump (6) is connected with the mobile device through a hose (5); the water collecting tank (9) corresponds to the position of the water guide opening (8).

5. The uniform water curtain integrated with the laser plasma impact device of claim 4, wherein, The mobile device includes a Y-direction lead screw sliding table (12), the Y-direction lead screw sliding table (12) is slidingly connected with the table top (3), the Y-direction lead screw sliding table (12) is rotatably connected with a motor (13), the Y-direction lead screw sliding table (12) is slidingly connected with a sliding table fixing part (14), The top of the sliding table fixing part (14) is vertically and threadedly connected with a Z-direction lead screw sliding table (15), the Z-direction lead screw sliding table (15) is rotatably connected with a motor (17), the Z-direction lead screw sliding table (15) is transversely and slidingly connected with an X-direction lead screw sliding table (18) through a sliding table fixing part (16) at the middle part, the X-direction lead screw sliding table (18) is rotatably connected with a motor (22), the X-direction lead screw sliding table (18) is connected with a target material clamp (19), the target material clamp (19) is connected with a nozzle angle adjusting mechanism (20), and the nozzle angle adjusting mechanism (20) is connected with a stable water curtain (21).

6. The uniform water curtain integrated with the laser plasma impact device of claim 5, wherein, The nozzle angle adjusting mechanism (20) includes a fixed base plate (2005); the target material clamp (19) is threadedly connected with the fixed base plate (2005), and a base (2004) is fixedly connected to the fixed base plate (2005); The fixed base plate (2005) is connected with the stable water curtain (21) through an angle adjusting assembly composed of the base, a fastening screw (2001) and a nut (2003), the stable water curtain (21) is connected with a hose joint (2002), the hose joint (2002) is connected with the hose (5), the fastening screw (2001) penetrates through the base (2004) of the fixed base plate (2005) and the connection part of the stable water curtain (21), and the angle of the stable water curtain (21) is adjusted through cooperation of the nut (2003) and the fastening screw (2001).

7. The uniform water curtain integrated with the laser plasma impact device of claim 6, wherein, The side wall of the matching base (1) away from the filtered water tank (7) is fixedly connected with a control panel (11), and the control panel (11) is connected with the motor (13), the motor (17) and the motor (22) respectively.

8. A laser plasma impact method with integrated uniform water curtain and positioning device, characterized in that, The application relates to a laser plasma impact device integrated with a uniform water curtain and a positioning device, in particular to the following: S1, a base frame composed of a balancing base (1) and nut supporting legs (2) is built, and a storage device and a moving device fixed thereon are built; S2, a target material is aligned with a laser through a driving motor (11); S3, a water pump (6) is started, water is transported from a filter water tank (7) to a stable water curtain linear nozzle (21) through a hose, and a nozzle angle adjusting mechanism (20) is adjusted to cover the target material with the water curtain; S4, waste water is sent to the filter water tank (7) through a hose, filtered, and then transported to the stable water curtain linear nozzle (21) by the water pump (6) to realize circulation.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the uniform water curtain and positioning device integrated laser plasma impact method is characterized by, S2 is specifically: the target material is fixed on a target material clamp (19), a Y-direction screw rod sliding table (12), a Z-direction screw rod sliding table (15) and an X-direction screw rod sliding table (18) corresponding motors are driven to operate through a control panel (11), the target material is moved in a three-dimensional space, and the target material is accurately aligned with a laser beam; S3 is specifically: the water pump (6) is started, water in the filter water tank (7) is transported to the stable water curtain linear nozzle (21) through a hose (5), the nozzle angle adjusting mechanism (20) is adjusted, the water curtain generated by the stable water curtain linear nozzle (21) covers the surface of the target material, and a plasma constraint layer is formed.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the uniform water curtain and positioning device integrated laser plasma impact method is characterized by, S4 is specifically: waste water generated after the water curtain flows through the target material is collected into a water guide opening (8) through a water guide groove (10) on a table top (3) and flows into a water collecting tank (9); the waste water in the water collecting tank (9) is transported to the filter water tank (7) through a hose (4) after being filtered, then is transported to the stable water curtain linear nozzle (21) by the water pump (6), and water curtain circulation supply is realized.

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