Drilling tool identity identification tag preparation method and drilling tool identification and monitoring method

Abstract

The invention discloses a drilling tool identity identification tag preparation method and a drilling tool identification and monitoring method, and relates to the technical field of petroleum equipment. The method comprises the following steps: S1, designing a two-dimensional code or bar code graph of a label according to the number of drilling tools needing to be identified, and determining the number of grids of the label according to the graph; s2, preparing a label shell, preparing a two-dimensional code or bar code grid frame according to the number of grids, and embedding the two-dimensional code or bar code grid frame into the label shell; s3, filling the grids of one color with magnetic metal or permanent magnets one by one, and filling the grids of the other color and gaps between the grid frame and the label shell with non-magnetic metal or non-metal materials one by one; and S4, a protective layer is manufactured, and the drilling tool identity recognition tag is manufactured. The label can be used for a long time in an underground complex environment, and real-time data in the drilling tool operation process can be quickly and accurately mastered by combining identity recognition and defect detection methods.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of petroleum equipment technology, and more specifically to a method for preparing drill string identification tags and a method for drill string identification and monitoring. Background Technology

[0002] As indispensable tools in oil drilling, drilling tools play a crucial role in controlling drilling progress, ensuring the stability of drilling parameters, and maintaining drilling fluid circulation. During drilling, drill pipe joints and the drill pipe body are subjected to complex alternating stresses such as tension, compression, torsion, and bending. Simultaneously, corrosive media such as oxygen, hydrogen sulfide, and carbon dioxide in the drilling mud severely corrode the drill pipe surface, reducing its strength. Furthermore, to improve drilling tool efficiency, reduce costs, and ensure project safety, the information management of drilling tools has gradually become a focus of industry attention. Traditional paper-based record management methods can no longer meet the needs of the modern petroleum industry, making information management an inevitable trend. Through information management, real-time monitoring, precise tracking, and efficient scheduling of drilling tools can be achieved, thereby better meeting project needs. Therefore, the importance of drilling tool defect monitoring and individual drill tool identification technology is becoming increasingly apparent.

[0003] Chinese patent document CN 209780864 U, published on December 13, 2019, discloses a drill string damage detection device installed under a wellhead rotary table. The device includes a base plate, a floating opening / closing mechanism, a pushing mechanism, a drive mechanism, a floating opening / closing detection mechanism, and a data acquisition device. The floating opening / closing detection mechanism is located inside the floating opening / closing mechanism and detects damage and stress concentration in the drill pipe. The detection results are sent to the data acquisition device, which wirelessly transmits the detection data to a host computer. However, this device only detects drill string damage defects, and its data cannot be correlated with the drill string's identity in real time. Manual verification of the drill string's identity is required, reducing detection and management efficiency.

[0004] Chinese patent document CN 108198789 B, published on August 30, 2019, discloses a UHF RFID tag and its manufacturing method. The method involves high-temperature encapsulation of a polymer material to fix a printed circuit board antenna, RFID chip, and other components within a metal casing. The excellent mechanical properties and heat resistance of the polymer material ensure that the RFID tag can withstand the harsh engineering environment under drilling platforms. During normal reading and writing, the dielectric constant of the polymer material ensures good overall performance of the tag antenna. However, as an electronic product, the internal chip and antenna may fail under prolonged use in the harsh underground environment. Furthermore, its manufacturing cost is relatively high, limiting its widespread use.

[0005] Chinese patent document CN 115103950 A, published on September 23, 2022, discloses a drilling tool and a system for drilling tool identification, including machined marks located on a perimeter surface. The machined marks are positioned on a portion of the perimeter surface and include a matrix of recesses with predetermined column and row positions to convey the identification of the drilling tool. Furthermore, when installed in a drilling rig, the machined marks are optically readable from multiple single directions. This patent document discloses a drilling tool identification system that addresses the limitations of NFC / RFID tags in withstanding harsh conditions and the high energy transmission experienced by the drilling tool during operation, providing identification without requiring sensors to be mounted on the drilling rig or in a fixed position relative to the drilling tool. However, the machined marks described in this method are easily covered by drilling mud during drilling operations, making visual identification impossible. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the defects and shortcomings of the existing technologies, this invention provides a method for preparing drill string identification tags and a method for drill string identification and monitoring. This solves the problems of complex identification tag structure, poor ability to cope with harsh well bottom environments, and high cost in the existing technologies. At the same time, by combining identification and defect detection methods, it can quickly and accurately grasp real-time data during the drilling process.

[0007] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A method for preparing a drill string identification tag includes the following steps: S1. Design the QR code or barcode graphic of the label according to the number of drill bits to be identified. Determine the number of grids on the label according to the graphic. Set two colors on the grids corresponding to the QR code or barcode graphic to correspond one-to-one with the drill bits to be identified. S2. Prepare a label shell and prepare a QR code or barcode grid frame according to the number of grids of the label determined in S1. Embed the prepared QR code or barcode grid frame into the inside of the label shell. The QR code or barcode grid frame is made of metal or non-metal material. S3. Based on the QR code or barcode graphic designed in S1, fill one color of the grid with magnetic metal or permanent magnet one by one, and fill the other color of the grid and the gap between the grid frame and the label shell one by one with non-magnetic metal or non-metallic material. S4. A protective layer is made on the label shell after filling in S3 to obtain the drill string identification label.

[0008] In step S2, when the QR code or barcode grid frame is made of metal, it is connected to the inside of the label housing by welding or high-temperature adhesive bonding; when the QR code or barcode grid frame is made of non-metallic material, it is connected to the inside of the label housing by high-temperature adhesive bonding.

[0009] In S3, when permanent magnets are used to fill a grid of one color, the permanent magnets filling adjacent grids face opposite magnetic poles toward the bottom of the label housing.

[0010] In step S4, the step of creating a protective layer on the label shell after filling in step S3 specifically includes: When a non-magnetic metal is used to fill the grid of another color and the gap between the grid frame and the label shell, a protective layer is formed by injection molding of a high-temperature and wear-resistant polymer material after filling, or a protective layer is built up by welding of a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant metal material, and then it is ground to form the shape. When using non-metallic materials to fill the grid of another color and the gap between the grid frame and the label shell, a high-temperature and wear-resistant polymer material can be used to injection mold the grid of another color, the gap between the grid frame and the label shell, and the protective layer in one step. Alternatively, a material with a lower cost than the high-temperature and wear-resistant polymer material can be used to fill the grid of another color and the gap between the grid frame and the label shell, and then a high-temperature and wear-resistant polymer material can be used to injection mold the protective layer.

[0011] The label housing is in the shape of a disc.

[0012] The label housing is machined with a toothed or threaded structure around its perimeter.

[0013] A method for identifying and monitoring drilling tools includes the following steps: Step a: Machining holes on the drill string that needs to be identified to place drill string identification tags, and installing the drill string identification tags into the holes; Step b: Fix the drill string identification and monitoring device at the wellhead. The drill string identification and monitoring device includes a main body, an identification and defect monitoring module, an electrical system, and a control and analysis system. The identification and defect monitoring module includes a magnetic identification sensor, a magnetic flux leakage defect detection sensor, and an excitation unit. The drill string identification and monitoring device also includes a follower spring, a switching lever, and a switching sensor. One end of the follower spring is connected to the main body of the device, and the other end is connected to the identification and defect monitoring module. The switching lever is set on the follower spring. The switching sensor is set inside the main body of the device and is used to control the function switching of the identification and defect monitoring module. When the drill string is pulled up and pulled down, the diameters of the joint and the rod are different, which drives the identification and defect monitoring module to move back and forth. The switching lever moves back and forth synchronously on the follower spring. The switching sensor realizes the switching between magnetic identification and defect monitoring in the identification and defect monitoring module. Step c: Drilling tool is lowered into the ground. The difference between the diameter of the drill tool joint and the rod body is used to determine whether the location is for identification or defect monitoring. When the joint is inside the drill tool identification and monitoring device, only the drill tool identification label is identified. After the magnetic signal is identified, the algorithm is used to restore the QR code or barcode image and read the drill tool identification information. When the rod body is inside the device, only the rod body is monitored for defects. Step d: After the drill string is fully lowered into the ground, obtain several drill string identification information and corresponding defect detection information; after the drill string is fully pulled out of the ground, obtain several defect detection information and corresponding drill string identification information to achieve real-time monitoring of drill string information.

[0014] In step a, installing the drill identification tag into the hole means: embedding the identification tag into the hole using pressure.

[0015] In step a, installing the drill identification tag into the hole means: machining a thread that matches the outer shell of the drill identification tag in the hole where the drill identification tag is placed, and then screwing the identification tag into the hole after applying high-temperature adhesive.

[0016] The excitation unit is a permanent magnet or an electromagnetic coil.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention provides a drill string identification tag prepared using low-cost metallic and non-metallic materials. The manufacturing process is simple, and by combining magnetic identification and magnetic flux leakage defect monitoring, the identification information of a single drill string and the recording of monitoring data can be completed, enabling rapid and accurate real-time data tracking during drilling operations. Unlike RFID tags, this identification tag can be used long-term in complex downhole environments. Furthermore, the tag is embedded inside the drill string and treated with a protective layer to prevent damage from mud and other factors.

[0018] 2. In this invention, when permanent magnets are used to fill a grid of one color, the permanent magnets filling adjacent grids face opposite magnetic poles toward the bottom of the label housing, which makes the magnetic field obtained by magnetic identification more accurate and reduces interference between permanent magnets.

[0019] 3. This invention fixes a drill string identification and monitoring device at the wellhead. The device includes a main body, an identification and defect monitoring module, an electrical system, and a control and analysis system. The identification and defect monitoring module includes a magnetic identification sensor, a magnetic flux leakage defect detection sensor, and an excitation unit. The device also includes a follower spring, a switching lever, and a switching sensor. One end of the follower spring is connected to the main body, and the other end is connected to the identification and defect monitoring module. The switching lever is mounted on the follower spring. The switching sensor is located inside the main body and controls the function switching of the identification and defect monitoring module. When the drill string is tripped up and tripped down, the diameters of the joint and the rod are different, causing the identification and defect monitoring module to move back and forth. The switching lever moves back and forth synchronously on the follower spring. The switching sensor switches between magnetic identification and defect monitoring in the identification and defect monitoring module. By setting up the switching lever and the switching sensor, automatic switching between identification and defect monitoring is achieved during the tripping up and tripping of the drill string, improving work efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the manufacturing process of the drill string identification tag of the present invention. Figure 2 Illustrations of QR codes and barcodes; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the QR code frame and its outer casing; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall identification tag for drilling tools; Figure 5 A layered structure for identifying drilling tools; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a drill string identification and monitoring device. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the identity recognition and defect monitoring module.

[0021] The markings in the diagram are: 1. Drill tool, 2. Drill tool identification tag, 3. Identification and defect monitoring module, 4. Switching sensor, 5. Switching lever, 6. Follow-up spring, 7. Main body of the device, 8. Magnetic identification sensor, 9. Leakage magnetic defect detection sensor, 10. Excitation unit, 11. Protective layer, 12. Grid frame layer. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Example 1 This embodiment discloses a method for preparing a drill string identification tag, including the following steps: S1. Design the QR code or barcode graphic of the label according to the number of drill bits to be identified. Determine the number of grids on the label according to the graphic. Set two colors on the grids corresponding to the QR code or barcode graphic to correspond one-to-one with the drill bits to be identified. S2. Prepare a label shell and prepare a QR code or barcode grid frame according to the number of grids of the label determined in S1. Embed the prepared QR code or barcode grid frame into the inside of the label shell. The QR code grid frame is made of metal. The QR code grid frame is connected to the inside of the label shell by high-temperature adhesive bonding. The label shell is in the shape of a circular plate and the four sides are processed with a threaded structure. S3. Based on the QR code design in S1, permanent magnets are used to fill one color of the grid one by one, and the permanent magnets filling adjacent grids face opposite magnetic poles to the bottom of the label shell. Non-metallic materials are used to fill the other color of the grid one by one, as well as the gap between the grid frame and the label shell. S4. A protective layer is formed on the label shell after filling in S3 by injection molding of high temperature and wear resistant polymer material to obtain the drill tool identification label.

[0024] The present invention provides a drill string identification tag prepared by this method using low-cost metal and non-metal materials. The preparation process is simple, and the identification tag is different from RFID tags. It can be used for a long time in complex downhole environments. The tag is embedded inside the drill string and treated with a protective layer to prevent damage from mud and other factors.

[0025] Example 2 This embodiment discloses a method for identifying and monitoring drilling tools, including the following steps: Step a: Machining a hole for placing the drill identification tag 2 on the drill tool 1 that needs to be identified; machining a thread in the hole of the drill identification tag 2 that matches the outer shell of the drill identification tag 2; and screwing the drill identification tag 2 obtained in Example 1 into the hole after applying high-temperature adhesive. Step b: Fix the drill string identification and monitoring device at the wellhead. The drill string identification and monitoring device includes a main body 7, an identification and defect monitoring module 3, an electrical system, and a control and analysis system. The identification and defect monitoring module 3 includes a magnetic identification sensor 8, a magnetic flux leakage defect detection sensor 9, and an excitation unit 10. The drill string identification and monitoring device also includes a follower spring 6, a switching lever 5, and a switching sensor 4. One end of the follower spring 6 is connected to the main body 7, and the other end is connected to the identification and defect monitoring module 3. The switching lever 5 is mounted on the follower spring 6. The switching sensor 4 is mounted inside the main body 7 and is used to control the function switching of the identification and defect monitoring module 3. When the drill string 1 is tripped up and tripped down, the diameters of the joint and the rod are different, which drives the identification and defect monitoring module 3 to move back and forth. The switching lever 5 moves back and forth synchronously on the follower spring 6. The switching sensor 4 realizes the switching between magnetic identification and defect monitoring in the identification and defect monitoring module 3. The excitation unit 10 is a permanent magnet or an electromagnetic coil. Step c: Drill string 1 is lowered into the ground. The difference in diameter between the drill string 1 connector and the rod body is used to determine whether the location is for identification or defect monitoring. When the connector is inside the drill string identification and monitoring device, only the drill string identification tag 2 is identified. After identifying the magnetic signal, the algorithm is used to restore the QR code or barcode image and read the identification information of drill string 1. When the rod body is inside the device, only the rod body is monitored for defects. The algorithm is a conventional signal decoding and data restoration algorithm. By processing the magnetic signals (e.g., Fourier transform, filtering, etc.), the encoded information can be extracted from these signals. After processing, the extracted magnetic signals are mapped to a two-dimensional image by the system. Step d: After drill string 1 is fully lowered into the ground, obtain several identification information of drill string 1 and corresponding defect detection information; after drill string 1 is fully pulled out of the ground, obtain several defect detection information and corresponding identification information of drill string 1, so as to realize real-time control of drill string 1 information.

[0026] During the drilling process, the control and analysis system first determines the drill string joint is currently inside the identification and monitoring device 7 based on the position of the follower spring, and then activates the magnetic identification module to identify the identification tag without performing defect monitoring, thus recording the identification information. As the drill string descends, the difference in size between the joint and the drill string causes the follower spring to stretch, changing the position of the switching module in the switching sensor. This shuts down the magnetic identification module and then restarts the defect monitoring module, which then monitors the drill string for defects. Simultaneously, the monitoring data and identification information are integrated to obtain accurate data for a single drill string during the drilling operation.

[0027] In this embodiment, by combining magnetic identification and magnetic leakage defect monitoring, the identification information of a single drill string and the recording of monitoring data can be completed, and the real-time data during the drilling process can be quickly and accurately grasped. Moreover, this identification tag is different from RFID tags and can be used for a long time in complex downhole environments. At the same time, the tag is embedded inside the drill string and treated with a protective layer to prevent mud and other factors from damaging it.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a drill string identification tag, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Design the QR code or barcode graphic of the label according to the number of drill bits to be identified. Determine the number of grids on the label according to the graphic. Set two colors on the grids corresponding to the QR code or barcode graphic to correspond one-to-one with the drill bits to be identified. S2. Prepare a label shell and prepare a QR code or barcode grid frame according to the number of grids of the label determined in S1. Embed the prepared QR code or barcode grid frame into the inside of the label shell. The QR code or barcode grid frame is made of metal or non-metal material. S3. Based on the QR code or barcode graphic designed in S1, fill one color of the grid with magnetic metal or permanent magnet one by one, and fill the other color of the grid and the gap between the grid frame and the label shell one by one with non-magnetic metal or non-metallic material. S4. A protective layer is made on the label shell after filling in S3 to obtain the drill string identification label.

2. The method for preparing a drill string identification tag according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, when the QR code or barcode grid frame is made of metal, it is connected to the inside of the label housing by welding or high-temperature adhesive bonding; when the QR code or barcode grid frame is made of non-metallic material, it is connected to the inside of the label housing by high-temperature adhesive bonding.

3. The method for preparing a drill string identification tag according to claim 2, characterized in that: In S3, when permanent magnets are used to fill a grid of one color, the permanent magnets filling adjacent grids face opposite magnetic poles toward the bottom of the label housing.

4. The method for preparing a drill string identification tag according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S4, the step of creating a protective layer on the label shell after filling in step S3 specifically includes: When a non-magnetic metal is used to fill the grid of another color and the gap between the grid frame and the label shell, a protective layer is formed by injection molding of a high-temperature and wear-resistant polymer material after filling, or a protective layer is overlaid by welding of a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant metal material, and then it is ground to form the shape. When using non-metallic materials to fill the grid of another color and the gap between the grid frame and the label shell, a high-temperature and wear-resistant polymer material can be used to injection mold the grid of another color, the gap between the grid frame and the label shell, and the protective layer in one step. Alternatively, a material with a lower cost than the high-temperature and wear-resistant polymer material can be used to fill the grid of another color and the gap between the grid frame and the label shell, and then a high-temperature and wear-resistant polymer material can be used to injection mold the protective layer.

5. The method for preparing a drill string identification tag according to claim 3, characterized in that: The label housing is in the shape of a disc.

6. The method for preparing a drill string identification tag according to claim 3, characterized in that: The label housing is machined with a toothed or threaded structure around its perimeter.

7. A method for identifying and monitoring drilling tools, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step a: Machining a hole on the drill bit (1) that needs to be identified for placing the drill bit identification tag (2), and installing the drill bit identification tag (2) into the hole; Step b: Fix the drill string identification and monitoring device at the wellhead. The drill string identification and monitoring device includes a main body (7), an identification and defect monitoring module (3), an electrical system, and a control and analysis system. The identification and defect monitoring module (3) includes a magnetic identification sensor (8), a magnetic flux leakage defect detection sensor (9), and an excitation unit (10). The drill string identification and monitoring device also includes a follower spring (6), a switching lever (5), and a switching sensor (4). One end of the follower spring (6) is connected to the main body (7), and the other end... The end is connected to the identity recognition and defect monitoring module (3). The switching paddle (5) is set on the follower spring (6). The switching sensor (4) is set in the main body of the device (7) and is used to control the function switching of the identity recognition and defect monitoring module (3). When the drill bit (1) is pulled up and pulled down, the diameter of the joint and the rod body are different, which drives the identity recognition and defect monitoring module (3) to move back and forth. The switching paddle (5) moves back and forth synchronously on the follower spring (6). The switching sensor (4) realizes the switching of magnetic recognition and defect monitoring in the identity recognition and defect monitoring module (3). Step c: Drilling tool (1) is lowered into the ground. The difference between the diameter of the drill tool (1) joint and the rod body is used to determine whether the position is for identification or defect monitoring. When the joint position is inside the drill tool identification and monitoring device, only the identification label of the drill tool (1) is identified. After the magnetic signal is identified, the algorithm is used to restore the QR code or barcode graphic and read the identification information of the drill tool (1). When the rod body position is inside the device, only the rod body is monitored for defects. Step d: After the drill string (1) is completely lowered into the ground, obtain several identification information of the drill string (1) and the corresponding defect detection information; after the drill string (1) is completely pulled out of the ground, obtain several defect detection information and the corresponding identification information of the drill string (1) to realize real-time control of the information of the drill string (1).

8. The drilling tool identification and monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step a, installing the drill identification tag (2) into the hole means: embedding the identification tag into the hole using pressure.

9. The drilling tool identification and monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step a, installing the drill identification tag (2) into the hole means: machining a thread that matches the outer shell of the drill identification tag (2) in the hole where the drill identification tag (2) is placed, and then screwing the identification tag into the hole after applying high-temperature adhesive.

10. A drilling tool identification and monitoring method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The excitation unit (10) is a permanent magnet or an electromagnetic coil.

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