Parking lot remaining space management system based on big data

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of parking lot parking space management, in particular to a parking lot remaining space management system based on big data. A parking space information acquisition module periodically acquires the number of idle parking spaces, the number of used parking spaces and the number of total parking spaces; the vehicle classification module distinguishes internal and external vehicles; the vehicle entering information acquisition module acquires entering and returning numbers of internal and external vehicles; the internal parking space reservation analysis module determines an owner parking space reservation interval based on historical idle parking spaces and the internal return amount of the previous workday; the external parking space reservation analysis module determines an external reservation value based on the historical external entry amount and the actual entry amount of the previous workday; and the parking space allowance dynamic regulation and control module determines the external admission limit by combining the current and predicted internal return total amount and the owner reserved interval. According to the invention, through dynamic adjustment of the internal vehicle returning number, the external vehicle entering number and the corresponding reserved parking spaces in the workday, the parking space utilization rate is improved when the external vehicles are subjected to parking space renting, and the situation that the internal vehicles can be parked without parking spaces can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of parking space management technology, and in particular to a parking space availability management system based on big data. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of technology and the increasing prevalence of vehicles, cars have become a frequently used mode of transportation for daily travel. During daily commutes, vehicles may need to be parked in parking lots, which typically have multiple spaces for drivers to use. However, the usage of parking spaces in residential communities differs significantly between time periods and the usage of parking spaces in nearby shopping malls and office buildings. Developing a system that utilizes the increased daytime parking spaces within a residential community to open them to external vehicles would increase revenue for residents while alleviating the current weekday parking shortage.

[0003] Chinese Patent Publication No. CN108960468A discloses a method for reserving parking spaces in residential communities based on smart terminals. This invention introduces a win-win model for property management, platforms, and users, and adopts a "cloud-pipe-terminal" technical architecture. First, it involves cooperation between community property managers and the platform. Without affecting their own community property management system, they upload community parking garage information and verify owners' parking spaces by logging into the platform's internal property management system on a PC. The platform administrator connects each registered property manager to the platform and completes the verification of community parking garage information. Users reserve parking spaces via WeChat. WeChat obtains the user's location information and searches for parking lots within a 10-kilometer radius, sorting them by distance from furthest to nearest. After selecting a suitable community parking lot, the user can reserve a space by viewing a community parking lot floor plan. Once the user selects a space, the reservation is successful. After successful reservation, the user can obtain an access control QR code for entering the community on the terminal page. The QR code information includes the community parking lot name and the parking space number.

[0004] It is evident that existing technologies have the following problems: When managing parking spaces in residential areas near commercial districts, the lack of dynamic adjustment based on the number of internal vehicles returning and external vehicles entering on weekdays, as well as the corresponding reserved parking spaces, makes it easy for external vehicles to be unable to find parking spaces when renting out parking spaces, resulting in internal vehicles having no parking spaces available or the utilization rate of parking spaces in the residential area being too low. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address this, the present invention provides a parking space availability management system based on big data. This system overcomes the problem in existing technologies for managing parking spaces in residential areas near commercial districts. Due to the lack of dynamic adjustment based on the number of internal vehicles returning and external vehicles entering on weekdays, as well as the corresponding reserved parking spaces, when renting parking spaces to external vehicles, it is easy to encounter a mismatch between external vehicles and available parking spaces, resulting in internal vehicles having no parking spaces available or the utilization rate of parking spaces within the residential area being too low.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a parking space availability management system based on big data, comprising: The parking information collection module is used to periodically collect the number of vacant parking spaces, the number of used parking spaces, and the total number of parking spaces in the community. The vehicle classification module, which is connected to the parking space information collection module, is used to distinguish between external vehicles entering the community and internal vehicles belonging to the community. The vehicle entry information collection module is connected to the vehicle classification module and is used to collect the number of external vehicles entering the community parking lot and the number of internal vehicles returning to the community parking lot. The internal parking space reservation analysis module is connected to the parking space information collection module, the vehicle classification module and the vehicle entry information collection module respectively. It determines the average vacant parking space value based on the number of vacant parking spaces and a preset historical time period, and determines the owner's reserved parking space range based on the average vacant parking space value and the number of internal vehicles returning in the same time period of the previous working day. An external parking space reservation analysis module, which is connected to the internal parking space reservation analysis module, determines the initial entry value of external vehicles based on the number of external vehicles entering and a preset historical time period, and determines the external vehicle parking space reservation value for the current time period based on the initial entry value of external vehicles and the actual number of external vehicles entering during the same time period of the previous working day. The parking space availability dynamic control module is connected to the parking space information collection module, the internal parking space reservation analysis module and the external parking space reservation analysis module respectively. It determines the total number of internal vehicles returning in the current time period based on the actual number of internal vehicles returning in the current time period and the predicted number of internal vehicles returning in the remaining time period of the current time period. It determines the external vehicle access quota based on the total number of internal vehicles returning and the owner's reserved parking space range. The early warning control module is connected to the parking space availability dynamic adjustment module, and determines the closure of the external vehicle access channel based on the actual number of external vehicles entering the site and the external vehicle access quota in the current time period. The preset historical time period is the weekdays within one week.

[0007] Furthermore, the internal parking space reservation analysis module obtains the actual number of vacant parking spaces for several corresponding time periods based on a preset historical time period and the corresponding number of vacant parking spaces, and determines the average vacant parking space value based on the average value of the actual vacant parking space number.

[0008] Furthermore, the internal parking space reservation analysis module compares the average number of vacant parking spaces with the number of internal vehicles returning during the same time period on the previous working day to determine the parking space range reserved by the owner. Based on the fact that the average number of available parking spaces is less than or equal to the number of internal vehicles returning, the floating amount of parking spaces reserved by the owner is determined by the difference between the number of internal vehicles returning and the average number of available parking spaces. The range of parking spaces reserved by the owner is determined based on the number of internal vehicles returning and the floating amount of parking spaces reserved by the owner. Since the average number of available parking spaces is greater than the number of internal vehicles returning, the floating amount of the owner's reserved parking space is determined by the difference between the average number of available parking spaces and the number of internal vehicles returning. The range of the owner's reserved parking space is determined based on the floating amount of the owner's reserved parking space and the number of internal vehicles returning.

[0009] Furthermore, the external parking space reservation analysis module obtains the number of external vehicles entering in several corresponding time periods based on a preset historical time period and the corresponding number of external vehicles entering, and determines the initial entry value of external vehicles in the current time period based on the average value of the number of external vehicles entering.

[0010] Furthermore, the external parking space reservation analysis module compares the initial entry value of external vehicles with the actual number of external vehicles entering to determine the external vehicle parking space reservation value for the current time period. If the initial number of external vehicles entering the parking lot is less than or equal to the actual number of external vehicles entering the parking lot, then the reserved value of the external vehicle parking space is determined based on the actual number of external vehicles entering the parking lot and the floating amount of the external vehicle parking space. If the initial number of external vehicles entering the parking lot is greater than the actual number of external vehicles entering, then the reserved value of external vehicle parking spaces is determined based on the actual number of external vehicles entering and the downward adjustment of external vehicle parking spaces.

[0011] Furthermore, the parking space availability dynamic control module includes, The internal vehicle return count unit estimates the number of internal vehicles returning in the remaining time period based on the number of internal vehicles returning in the same time period in the past time period, and determines the total number of internal vehicles returning based on the estimated number of internal vehicles returning and the actual number of internal vehicles returning in the current time period. The external vehicle access quota adjustment unit determines the external vehicle access quota based on the total number of internal vehicles returning and the parking space intervals reserved by the owners.

[0012] Furthermore, the external vehicle access quota adjustment unit determines the external vehicle access quota; If the total number of internal vehicles returning is less than the minimum value of the parking space interval reserved by the owner, the quota for external vehicles will be increased based on the difference between the minimum value of the parking space interval reserved by the owner and the total number of internal vehicles returning. If the total number of internal vehicles returning is within the range of parking spaces reserved by the owners, the original quota for external vehicles will be maintained. If the total number of internal vehicles returning exceeds the maximum value of the parking space reserved by the owner, then the number of external vehicles allowed to enter will be reduced based on the total number of internal vehicles returning and the maximum value of the parking space reserved by the owner.

[0013] Furthermore, the external vehicle access quota adjustment unit obtains the corresponding historical number of internal vehicles returning in the next time period based on the internal parking space reservation analysis module, and determines the external vehicle access quota for the current time period based on the historical number of internal vehicles returning and the upper limit of the owner reserved parking space range for the next time period. The number of vehicles returning within the historical period is the average number over a preset historical time period.

[0014] Furthermore, the external parking space reservation analysis module determines the external vehicle parking space reservation value; If the number of internal vehicles returning in the past exceeds the upper limit of the parking space interval reserved by the owner, then the reserved value of external parking spaces for the current time period is determined based on the original reserved value of external parking spaces and the preset cross-time period reduction ratio.

[0015] Furthermore, if the number of external vehicles actually entering the site during the current time period is greater than or equal to the external vehicle access quota, the early warning control module will close the external vehicle access channel.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention lie in its ability to dynamically delineate reserved parking space zones for residents by analyzing historical data and real-time feedback. Combined with an emergency floating mechanism, this effectively avoids the problem of residents finding no parking spaces upon their return, thus improving the living experience and satisfaction. It also efficiently utilizes idle parking resources. Considering the characteristics of residents being out during the day, it predicts external vehicle demand based on historical data and dynamically adjusts the allocation of internal and external parking spaces to maximize the use of vacant spaces while ensuring residents' needs are met, generating reasonable revenue for the community. Through time-segmented analysis and cross-time-segment prediction, it adjusts the access quota for external vehicles in advance to avoid parking space conflicts during peak hours. The early warning mechanism responds in real-time to parking space saturation, automatically controlling the entry of external vehicles, reducing manual intervention costs and improving management efficiency. By combining historical and real-time data, the system can flexibly respond to daily fluctuations and emergencies, balancing resident priority with resource utilization, providing a scientific and sustainable operating model for community parking management.

[0017] Furthermore, by focusing on core weekday periods and combining frequently collected parking space data, and through outlier removal and time-period verification, the average number of available parking spaces is ensured to accurately reflect historical vacancy patterns. This lays a reliable foundation for subsequent reservation analysis and avoids unreasonable reservations due to data bias. For scenarios of historically insufficient and historically sufficient vacancy, differential floating and preset floating mechanisms are employed respectively. This increases buffer parking spaces to cope with temporary return peaks when demand is high, while controlling the reservation scale to avoid idleness when resources are abundant, ensuring a precise match between residents' reserved parking spaces and actual needs. Adjusting the range based on the actual return data from the previous weekday makes the reservation strategy more aligned with recent trends, avoiding the lag of relying on single historical data, effectively balancing resident parking security and parking space resource utilization, and improving the precision of community parking management and resident satisfaction.

[0018] Furthermore, focusing on peak hours for external vehicle entry on weekdays, historical data from the past week is used as a sample. Outliers are removed to ensure the initial entry value accurately reflects normal demand, avoiding interference from single-day fluctuations. This provides a reliable reference for subsequent reservation calculations and reduces subjective judgment errors. For different scenarios of increased or decreased external vehicle demand, reservation values ​​are adjusted by raising or lowering the floating amount. When demand increases, the reservation is increased to cope with potential peak entry times; when demand decreases, the reservation is reduced to avoid idle parking spaces. This ensures a precise match between external parking space reservations and actual demand, balancing opening efficiency and resource conservation. The floating ratio can be flexibly set based on actual conditions such as the activity level of surrounding businesses, ensuring reasonable parking needs for external vehicles while providing buffer space for internal owners, thus improving the overall operational efficiency and customer satisfaction of the parking lot.

[0019] Furthermore, the internal vehicle return statistics unit combines historical data from the same period with the current actual return situation to predict the total number of returns for the remaining time period in advance. This breaks the lag of relying solely on real-time data and provides a forward-looking basis for subsequent quota adjustments, avoiding parking space shortages caused by temporary surges. The external vehicle access quota adjustment unit adopts strategies of increasing, maintaining, and decreasing external quotas for three matching scenarios between the total number of internal returns and the reserved area. When demand is insufficient, idle space is released to improve utilization; when demand is normal, the access scale is stabilized; and when demand exceeds the quota, priority is given to homeowners, ensuring that parking space allocation is always synchronized with actual demand, avoiding both internal vehicles having no parking spaces and reducing the waste of idle external parking spaces.

[0020] Furthermore, the external vehicle access quota adjustment unit and the external parking space reservation analysis module, based on the historical number of internal vehicles returning in the next time period, preemptively reduce the current external parking space quota and reservation value. This breaks the limitation of focusing only on the current time period and avoids conflicts caused by excessive parking space occupation by external vehicles when residents return in the next time period, making resource allocation more predictable. By dynamically adjusting the reservation value through preset cross-time period reduction ratios, it avoids excessively compressing the reasonable demand of current external vehicles while reserving buffer space for subsequent resident needs, improving the flexibility of resource utilization. The early warning control module monitors the number of external vehicles entering in real time and automatically closes the channel when the access quota is reached. Through a rigid mechanism, it strictly controls the scale of external vehicles, ensuring that the parking space needs of internal residents are not encroached upon, enhancing the rigor of management and residents' sense of security. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the parking space availability management system based on big data in this embodiment; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the parking space availability dynamic control module of the parking space availability management system based on big data in this embodiment; Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of determining the reserved parking space intervals for owners using the big data-based parking space management system in this embodiment. Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating the process of determining the reserved parking space value for external vehicles using the big data-based parking space management system in this embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0023] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] It should be noted that in the description of this invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc., which indicate directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0025] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] Please see Figure 1 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the parking space availability management system based on big data in this embodiment; This embodiment provides a parking space availability management system based on big data, including: The parking information collection module is used to periodically collect the number of vacant parking spaces, the number of used parking spaces, and the total number of available parking spaces in the community. The vehicle classification module, which is connected to the parking space information collection module, is used to distinguish between external vehicles entering the community and internal vehicles belonging to the community. The vehicle entry information collection module is connected to the vehicle classification module and is used to collect the number of external vehicles entering the community parking lot and the number of internal vehicles returning to the community parking lot. The internal parking space reservation analysis module is connected to the parking space information collection module, the vehicle classification module and the vehicle entry information collection module respectively. It determines the average vacant parking space value based on the number of vacant parking spaces and a preset historical time period, and determines the owner's reserved parking space range based on the average vacant parking space value and the number of internal vehicles returning in the same time period of the previous working day. An external parking space reservation analysis module, which is connected to the internal parking space reservation analysis module, determines the initial entry value of external vehicles based on the number of external vehicles entering and a preset historical time period, and determines the external vehicle parking space reservation value for the current time period based on the initial entry value of external vehicles and the actual number of external vehicles entering during the same time period of the previous working day. The parking space availability dynamic control module is connected to the parking space information collection module, the internal parking space reservation analysis module and the external parking space reservation analysis module respectively. It determines the total number of internal vehicles returning in the current time period based on the actual number of internal vehicles returning in the current time period and the predicted number of internal vehicles returning in the remaining time period of the current time period. It determines the external vehicle access quota based on the total number of internal vehicles returning and the owner's reserved parking space range. The early warning control module is connected to the parking space availability dynamic adjustment module, and determines the closure of the external vehicle access channel based on the actual number of external vehicles entering the site and the external vehicle access quota in the current time period. The preset historical time period is a week of working days; the total number of parking spaces is the total number of parking spaces available in the community each day.

[0027] The parking space information collection module, in terms of hardware deployment, embeds a geomagnetic sensor in the center of the ground for each parking space in the community parking lot to support the detection of the vehicle's metallic characteristics to identify the vehicle, and sets up license plate recognition cameras at the entrance and exit of the parking lot as auxiliary verification devices. When the system is first run, the management personnel enter the total number of parking spaces in the community parking lot as planned and filed through the management terminal, such as A01-A50 on the underground floor and B01-B30 on the ground. The module automatically counts the total number and stores it. Subsequently, it automatically checks at 2:00 a.m. every day whether there are any additions or removals of parking space numbers, such as parking spaces being unused due to temporary fences, to ensure that the total number of parking spaces is accurate in real time. The periodic data collection mechanism is dynamically adjusted according to time periods. During peak hours (9:00-18:00) on weekdays, when residents are at work and external vehicles are entering the site, the collection cycle is set to 10 minutes per time, and the occupancy or vacancy status of each parking space is returned in real time through sensors. From 18:00 to 9:00 the next day and on holidays, the cycle is adjusted to 30 minutes per time to reduce equipment energy consumption. During each data collection, the module summarizes the status of all parking spaces, and the number of vacant parking spaces is the total number of vacant parking spaces. The number of parking spaces in use is automatically calculated by subtracting the number of vacant parking spaces from the total number of parking spaces. When a vehicle enters the entrance, the license plate recognition camera captures the license plate image and parses it into text information, which is then sent to the vehicle classification module. The vehicle classification module calls the internally stored database of registered vehicles in this community, which includes information such as license plates and vehicle identification numbers pre-registered by owners, for comparison. The comparison results are then synchronized to the vehicle entry information collection module. If the received result is an internal vehicle, the parking information collection module first queries the vehicle's historical exit records and the exit time recorded by the exit camera. If there is an exit record within 24 hours, meaning the vehicle has previously left the community, it is determined to be an internal vehicle, and the number of internal vehicles is incremented by 1 in real time. If the vehicle has not left, such as if it has been parked for a long time without leaving the community, it is not counted to avoid duplicate counting. If the received result is an external vehicle, the parking space information collection module will directly trigger a counter, and the number of external vehicles entering will be incremented by 1 in real time. At the same time, the entry time, license plate information and expected stay duration of the vehicle will be automatically recorded. The expected stay duration is obtained through the owner's QR code registration or the system default value and is associated with the barrier gate. The barrier gate will only open automatically when the number of external vehicles entering does not exceed the current access limit; otherwise, an early warning will be triggered to indicate that the current parking space is full. In terms of data synchronization, the parking space information collection module updates the number of internal vehicles returning, the number of external vehicles entering, and the corresponding vehicle details (license plate number, time) to the system database every 30 seconds. Simultaneously, it pushes this data to both the internal and external parking space reservation analysis modules, providing dynamic data support for subsequent parking space quota calculations. For special cases where license plate recognition fails, such as damaged license plates, the module allows residents to swipe their access cards or external vehicles to scan codes to register supplementary information. After manual confirmation of the vehicle type, the count is manually updated to ensure data integrity.

[0028] By analyzing historical data and real-time feedback, the system dynamically delineates parking space zones reserved for residents. Combined with an emergency floating mechanism, this effectively prevents residents from returning to find no parking spaces available, improving their living experience and satisfaction. It also efficiently utilizes idle parking resources. Considering residents' daytime outings, the system predicts external vehicle demand based on historical data and dynamically adjusts the allocation of internal and external parking spaces. This maximizes the use of vacant spaces while ensuring residents' needs are met, generating reasonable revenue for the community. Through time-segmented analysis and cross-time-segment prediction, the system adjusts external vehicle access quotas in advance to avoid parking conflicts during peak hours. An early warning mechanism responds in real-time to parking saturation levels, automatically controlling external vehicle entry, reducing manual intervention costs and improving management efficiency. By combining historical and real-time data, the system can flexibly respond to daily fluctuations and emergencies, balancing resident priority with resource utilization, providing a scientific and sustainable operating model for community parking management.

[0029] Specifically, the internal parking space reservation analysis module obtains the actual number of vacant parking spaces for several corresponding time periods based on a preset historical time period and the corresponding number of vacant parking spaces, and determines the average vacant parking space value based on the average value of the actual vacant parking space number.

[0030] In this embodiment, the preset historical time period is set to five working days within the past week, from Monday to Friday, focusing on the core period of 9:00-18:00, when residents are going to work and parking space vacancy rates are high. The internal parking space reservation analysis module calls historical data within this time period through the parking space information collection module. Since the parking space information collection module collects data every 10 minutes from 9:00 to 18:00, 54 vacant parking space data points can be generated from 9:00 to 18:00 on each working day. A total of 270 actual vacant parking spaces are accumulated for the five working days, such as 35 at 9:00 and 37 at 9:10 on Monday, and 33 at 9:00 and 35 at 9:10 on Tuesday. The internal parking space reservation analysis module preprocesses the actual number of 270 vacant parking spaces. First, it identifies outliers, such as instantaneous values ​​of 0 or values ​​far exceeding the normal range caused by sensor malfunctions. If a data point deviates from the standard deviation of the average by more than 3 times, it is marked as an anomaly and removed. For example, if 3 outliers are removed within 5 working days, 267 valid data points remain. The valid data is then validated twice by hourly intervals. For example, the 10-minute data from 9:00 to 10:00 must conform to the overall fluctuation trend within that hour to avoid single-point jumps affecting the results. Average number of available parking spaces = Total number of valid data points / Number of valid data points For example, if the sum of 267 valid data points is 10680, then the average number of available parking spaces is approximately 10680 / 267≈40. This means that the average number of available parking spaces in the community parking lot during this period is approximately 40. This value will be used as the basic benchmark value for determining the parking space interval reserved by the owners based on the number of vehicles returning from the previous working day.

[0031] Please see Figure 3 As shown, it is a flowchart of the process of determining the reserved parking space range for owners in the parking lot space management system based on big data in this embodiment. Specifically, the internal parking space reservation analysis module compares the average number of available parking spaces with the number of internal vehicles returning during the same time period of the previous working day to determine the parking space range reserved by the owner. Based on the fact that the average number of available parking spaces is less than or equal to the number of internal vehicles returning, the floating amount of parking spaces reserved by the owner is determined by the difference between the number of internal vehicles returning and the average number of available parking spaces. The range of parking spaces reserved by the owner is determined based on the number of internal vehicles returning and the floating amount of parking spaces reserved by the owner. Since the average number of available parking spaces is greater than the number of internal vehicles returning, the floating amount of the owner's reserved parking space is determined by the difference between the average number of available parking spaces and the number of internal vehicles returning. The range of the owner's reserved parking space is determined based on the floating amount of the owner's reserved parking space and the number of internal vehicles returning.

[0032] The vehicle information collection module retrieves the number of internal vehicles returning from the previous working day, such as Thursday, from 9:00 to 18:00. This means that 45 vehicles from this community returned to park during that time period. At this point, the average number of available parking spaces is less than or equal to the number of internal vehicles returning, indicating that the historical average number of available parking spaces may not be sufficient to cover the actual return demand of the previous working day. It is necessary to determine the floating amount to enhance the reserve flexibility. Owner-reserved parking space fluctuation = number of internal vehicles returning - average number of vacant parking spaces = 45 - 40 = 5; Owner's reserved parking space range = [Number of internal vehicles returning, Number of internal vehicles returning + Floating amount] = [45, 45 + 5] = [45, 50]; This means that at least 45 parking spaces need to be reserved for returning internal vehicles, and a maximum of 50 spaces including 5 emergency buffer parking spaces, to avoid insufficient parking spaces due to an increase in temporary returning vehicles; In this embodiment, the average number of available parking spaces is set to 50, which is the average number of available parking spaces on weekdays over the past week, and the number of internal vehicles returning during the same time period on the previous weekday is 40. At this point, the average number of vacant parking spaces is greater than the number of internal vehicles returning, indicating that there are enough historically vacant parking spaces. The preset floating number of owner-reserved parking spaces can be used directly, which is set by the property management based on management experience, such as 5 spaces. Owner's reserved parking space range = [Number of internal vehicles returning, Number of internal vehicles returning + Preset fluctuation] = [40, 40 + 5] = [40, 45]; This range means that 40 parking spaces are reserved to meet the regular return demand, with an additional 5 reserved as a buffer, which ensures parking for residents while avoiding excessive reservations that would lead to idle parking spaces.

[0033] By focusing on core weekday periods and combining frequently collected parking space data, and through outlier removal and time-period verification, the average number of available parking spaces is ensured to accurately reflect historical vacancy patterns. This lays a reliable foundation for subsequent reservation analysis and avoids unreasonable reservations due to data bias. For scenarios of historically insufficient and sufficient vacancy, differential floating and preset floating mechanisms are employed respectively. This increases buffer parking spaces to cope with temporary return peaks during periods of high demand, while controlling the reservation scale to avoid idleness when resources are abundant, ensuring a precise match between residents' reserved parking spaces and actual needs. Adjusting the range based on the actual return data from the previous weekday makes the reservation strategy more aligned with recent trends, avoiding the lag of relying on single historical data, effectively balancing resident parking security and parking space resource utilization, and improving the precision of community parking management and resident satisfaction.

[0034] Specifically, the external parking space reservation analysis module obtains the number of external vehicles entering in several corresponding time periods based on a preset historical time period and the corresponding number of external vehicles entering, and determines the initial entry value of external vehicles in the current time period based on the average value of the number of external vehicles entering.

[0035] Please see Figure 4 As shown, it is a flowchart of the process of determining the reserved parking space value for external vehicles in the parking lot space management system based on big data in this embodiment. Specifically, the external parking space reservation analysis module compares the initial entry value of external vehicles with the actual number of external vehicles entering to determine the external vehicle parking space reservation value for the current time period. If the initial number of external vehicles entering the parking lot is less than or equal to the actual number of external vehicles entering the parking lot, then the reserved value of the external vehicle parking space is determined based on the actual number of external vehicles entering the parking lot and the floating amount of the external vehicle parking space. If the initial number of external vehicles entering the parking lot is greater than the actual number of external vehicles entering, then the reserved value of external vehicle parking spaces is determined based on the actual number of external vehicles entering and the downward adjustment of external vehicle parking spaces.

[0036] During the peak hours for residents to go to work from 9:00 to 18:00 on weekdays (Monday to Friday) over the past week, which is also the peak time for external vehicles to enter the site, the external parking space reservation analysis module calls the historical data for that period through the vehicle entry information collection module. The vehicle entry information collection module will count the cumulative number of external vehicles entering the site from 9:00 to 18:00 on each weekday in real time, which is the total number of all external vehicles entering the site during that period. Therefore, the number of external vehicles entering the site is generated for 5 corresponding time periods over 5 weekdays, such as 102 vehicles on Monday, 98 vehicles on Tuesday, 105 vehicles on Wednesday, 95 vehicles on Thursday, and 100 vehicles on Friday. The external parking space reservation analysis module preprocesses these five data points: by identifying outliers, such as only 50 vehicles on a certain weekday due to the closure of surrounding shopping malls, which deviates from other dates by more than 40%, these are judged as abnormal and removed. In this embodiment, it is assumed that all five data points are normal, and the average value is directly calculated: The initial number of external vehicles entering the site = (102+98+105+95+100) / 5 = 100, which is the initial number of external vehicles entering the site during the current time period, such as Monday from 9:00 to 18:00 this week, which is 100 vehicles. This serves as the basis for calculating the reserved value later. In this embodiment, the actual number of external vehicles entering the vehicle information collection module from the previous working day, such as last Thursday from 9:00 to 18:00, is set to 110. At this point, if the initial number of external vehicles entering the parking lot is less than or equal to the actual number of external vehicles entering, it indicates that the demand for external vehicles has increased recently. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the reserve value by adjusting the floating amount to accommodate potential demand. The floating limit for external parking spaces is set at 10% of the actual number of vehicles entering the parking area. This limit is determined by the property management based on the activity level of surrounding businesses, and ranges from 5% to 10%, i.e., 110 × 10% = 11 vehicles. External parking space reservation value = actual number of external vehicles entering + upward fluctuation amount = 110 + 11 = 121 vehicles; Taking an initial entry value of 100 external vehicles as an example, in this embodiment, the actual number of external vehicles entering on the previous working day is set to 80. If the initial number of external vehicles entering the parking lot is less than the actual number of external vehicles entering, it indicates a decrease in demand. The reserved value should be reduced by lowering the floating amount to avoid wasting parking spaces. The difference between the actual number of external vehicles entering and the initial number of external vehicles entering = 100 - 80 = 20 vehicles; The adjustment range for external parking spaces is set at 50% of the difference, with a range of 30%-50%, i.e., 20 × 50% = 10 spaces. External vehicle parking space reservation value = actual number of external vehicles entering + downward adjustment amount = 80 + 10 = 90 vehicles.

[0037] Focusing on peak weekday parking periods with concentrated external vehicle arrivals, and using historical data from the past week as a sample, outlier removal ensures that the initial arrival values ​​accurately reflect normal demand, avoiding interference from single-date fluctuations. This provides a reliable reference for subsequent reservation calculations and reduces subjective judgment errors. For different scenarios of increased or decreased external vehicle demand, reservation values ​​are adjusted by raising or lowering the floating amount. When demand increases, the reservation is increased to cope with potential peak arrival times; when demand decreases, the reservation is reduced to avoid idle parking spaces. This ensures a precise match between external parking space reservations and actual demand, balancing opening efficiency and resource conservation. The floating ratio can be flexibly set based on actual conditions such as the activity level of surrounding businesses, ensuring reasonable parking needs for external vehicles while providing buffer space for internal owners, thereby improving the overall operational efficiency and customer satisfaction of the parking lot.

[0038] Please see Figure 2 As shown, it is a schematic diagram of the parking space availability dynamic control module of the parking space availability management system based on big data in this embodiment. Specifically, the parking space availability dynamic control module includes, The internal vehicle return count unit estimates the number of internal vehicles returning in the remaining time period based on the number of internal vehicles returning in the same time period in the past time period, and determines the total number of internal vehicles returning based on the estimated number of internal vehicles returning and the actual number of internal vehicles returning in the current time period. The external vehicle access quota adjustment unit determines the external vehicle access quota based on the total number of internal vehicles returning and the parking space intervals reserved by the owners.

[0039] Specifically, the external vehicle access quota adjustment unit determines the external vehicle access quota; If the total number of internal vehicles returning is less than the minimum value of the parking space interval reserved by the owner, the quota for external vehicles will be increased based on the difference between the minimum value of the parking space interval reserved by the owner and the total number of internal vehicles returning. If the total number of internal vehicles returning is within the range of parking spaces reserved by the owners, the original quota for external vehicles will be maintained. If the total number of internal vehicles returning exceeds the maximum value of the parking space reserved by the owner, then the number of external vehicles allowed to enter will be reduced based on the total number of internal vehicles returning and the maximum value of the parking space reserved by the owner.

[0040] In this embodiment, taking Wednesday's 9:00-18:00 time slot as an example, the current time is 14:00, and the remaining time is 14:00-18:00, a total of 4 hours. The average number of internal vehicles returning between 2:00 PM and 6:00 PM is 20, based on the same time period from 9:00 AM to 6:00 PM on Monday to Tuesday. For example, 18 vehicles returned on Monday between 2:00 PM and 6:00 PM, and 22 vehicles returned on Tuesday, averaging 20 vehicles. This number is used as the estimated number of internal vehicles returning in the remaining 4 hours. The actual number of vehicles returning during the current time period is counted. Based on the vehicle entry information collection module, the actual number of internal vehicles that have returned between 9:00 and 14:00 is 15. Total number of internal vehicles returning = Actual number of internal vehicles returning + Estimated number of internal vehicles returning = 15 + 20 = 35 vehicles; The external vehicle access quota adjustment unit determines the external vehicle access quota based on the total number of internal vehicles returning and the parking space range reserved by the owners, in three scenarios. Scenario 1: The total number of internal vehicles returning is less than the minimum value of the parking space interval reserved by the owner; The total number of vehicles that have returned from inside the premises is currently 35. The minimum number of parking spaces reserved by the owner is 40, and the difference is 40 - 35 = 5 spaces. In this embodiment, the current number of available parking spaces is set to 50, and the original external vehicle access quota is 50 - 40 = 10. The external vehicle access quota is increased based on the difference, that is, the external vehicle access quota = 10 + 5 = 15 vehicles, which utilizes the number of idle parking spaces to improve the utilization rate of external parking spaces. Scenario 2: The total number of internal vehicles returning is within the range of parking spaces reserved by the owners; If the total number of internal vehicles returning is 42, it falls within the area of ​​parking spaces reserved by the owners; The existing quota of 10 external vehicles will remain unchanged, ensuring both internal demand and stabilizing the scale of external access. Scenario 3: The total number of internal vehicles returning exceeds the maximum value of the parking space interval reserved by the owner. If the total number of internal vehicles returning is 50, which is greater than the maximum number of 45 vehicles reserved by the owners, the difference is 50 - 45 = 5 vehicles. The external vehicle access quota will be reduced based on the difference, i.e., the external vehicle access quota = 10 - 5 = 5 vehicles. 5 vehicles will be allocated from the external quota to internal vehicles to prioritize the needs of the owners.

[0041] The internal vehicle return statistics unit combines historical data from the same period with the current actual return situation to predict the total number of returns for the remaining time period in advance. This breaks the lag of relying solely on real-time data and provides a forward-looking basis for subsequent quota adjustments, avoiding parking space shortages caused by temporary surges. The external vehicle access quota adjustment unit adopts strategies of increasing, maintaining, and decreasing external quotas for three matching scenarios between the total number of internal returns and the reserved area. When demand is insufficient, idle space is released to improve utilization; when demand is normal, the access scale is stabilized; and when demand exceeds the quota, priority is given to homeowners. This ensures that parking space allocation is always synchronized with actual demand, avoiding both internal vehicles having no parking spaces and reducing the waste of idle external parking spaces.

[0042] Specifically, the external vehicle access quota adjustment unit obtains the corresponding historical number of internal vehicles returning in the next time period based on the internal parking space reservation analysis module, and determines the external vehicle access quota for the current time period based on the historical number of internal vehicles returning and the upper limit of the owner reserved parking space range for the next time period. The number of vehicles returning within the historical period is the average number over a preset historical time period.

[0043] Specifically, the external parking space reservation analysis module determines the external vehicle parking space reservation value; If the number of internal vehicles returning in the past exceeds the upper limit of the parking space interval reserved by the owner, then the reserved value of external parking spaces for the current time period is determined based on the original reserved value of external parking spaces and the preset cross-time period reduction ratio.

[0044] Specifically, the early warning control module closes the external vehicle access channel if the actual number of external vehicles entering the site during the current time period is greater than or equal to the external vehicle access quota.

[0045] In this embodiment, taking the current time period of 15:00-18:00 as a transitional period before residents leave work, and the next time period of 18:00-21:00 as the peak period for residents to return, as an example, The external vehicle access quota adjustment unit first obtains key data through the internal parking space reservation analysis module. The number of internal vehicles returning in the next time period from 18:00 to 21:00 is 60, based on data from the same period of the past week. The maximum number of parking spaces reserved for residents in the next time period is 50, calculated by the internal parking space reservation analysis module. This means that a maximum of 50 parking spaces need to be reserved for residents during this time period. Since the number of internal vehicles returning in the next time period (60) exceeds the upper limit of the parking space reserved by owners in the next time period (50), it indicates that the demand for returning vehicles by owners in the next time period may exceed the reservation. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the number of external vehicles allowed in the current time period in advance to free up parking spaces. If the original external vehicle access quota for the current time period 15:00-18:00 was 20 vehicles, based on the current total number of internal returns and the range of parking spaces reserved by owners, then based on the prediction of the next time period, the current external vehicle access quota needs to be further reduced to 20 × (1-20%) = 16 vehicles to ensure that enough parking spaces are reserved before the end of the current time period to cope with the concentrated return of owners in the next time period; The original external parking space reservation was 25 spaces. Based on the actual number of external vehicles entering and the fluctuation amount of the previous working day, and the historical number of internal vehicles returning in the next time period (60 spaces) is greater than the upper limit of 50 spaces reserved by owners in the next time period, the cross-time period adjustment mechanism is triggered. The preset cross-period reduction ratio is 20%, which is set according to the demand in the next period, with a setting range of 15%-30%. The current time period's external vehicle parking space reservation value = original external vehicle parking space reservation value × (1 - cross-period reduction ratio) = 25 × (1 - 20%) = 20 vehicles. By reducing the current reserved parking space value for external vehicles in advance, the problem of residents having no parking spaces due to excessive parking space occupation by external vehicles in the next period can be avoided, thus realizing the advance allocation of parking space resources across time periods. Taking the current time period of 15:00-18:00 as an example, the quota for external vehicles has been adjusted to 16 vehicles; The early warning and control module obtains real-time data on the actual entry of external vehicles from the vehicle entry information collection module. From 15:00 to 17:00, 15 external vehicles actually entered the venue, which did not reach the quota. The access lane for external vehicles remained open as usual. At 17:10, the 16th external vehicle entered the site. The actual number of external vehicles entering the site equals the external vehicle access quota. The early warning control module immediately controls the gate to close. After the passage is closed, the entrance display screen will simultaneously indicate that the current external parking spaces are full and ask for your understanding. At the same time, the system records the closing time and the current total number of external vehicles to provide a basis for subsequent data statistics. Through real-time monitoring and automatic closing mechanisms, the number of external vehicles is strictly controlled to not exceed the access quota, ensuring that the parking space needs of internal owners are not encroached upon.

[0046] The external vehicle access quota adjustment unit and external parking space reservation analysis module, based on the historical number of internal vehicles returning in the next time period, preemptively reduce the current external parking space quota and reservation value. This breaks away from the limitation of focusing only on the current time period and avoids conflicts caused by excessive parking space occupation by external vehicles when residents return in the next time period, making resource allocation more predictable. By dynamically adjusting the reservation value through preset cross-time period reduction ratios, it avoids excessively compressing the reasonable demand of current external vehicles while reserving buffer space for subsequent resident needs, improving the flexibility of resource utilization. The early warning control module monitors the number of external vehicles entering in real time and automatically closes the channel when the access quota is reached. Through a rigid mechanism, it strictly controls the scale of external vehicles, ensuring that the parking space needs of internal residents are not encroached upon, enhancing the rigor of management and residents' sense of security.

[0047] The technical solution of the present invention has been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A parking space availability management system based on big data, characterized in that, include, The parking information collection module is used to periodically collect the number of vacant parking spaces, the number of used parking spaces, and the total number of parking spaces in the community. The vehicle classification module, which is connected to the parking space information collection module, is used to distinguish between external vehicles entering the community and internal vehicles belonging to the community. The vehicle entry information collection module is connected to the vehicle classification module and is used to collect the number of external vehicles entering the community parking lot and the number of internal vehicles returning to the community parking lot. The internal parking space reservation analysis module is connected to the parking space information collection module, the vehicle classification module and the vehicle entry information collection module respectively. It determines the average vacant parking space value based on the number of vacant parking spaces and a preset historical time period, and determines the owner's reserved parking space range based on the average vacant parking space value and the number of internal vehicles returning in the same time period of the previous working day. An external parking space reservation analysis module, which is connected to the internal parking space reservation analysis module, determines the initial entry value of external vehicles based on the number of external vehicles entering and a preset historical time period, and determines the external vehicle parking space reservation value for the current time period based on the initial entry value of external vehicles and the actual number of external vehicles entering during the same time period of the previous working day. The parking space availability dynamic control module is connected to the parking space information collection module, the internal parking space reservation analysis module and the external parking space reservation analysis module respectively. It determines the total number of internal vehicles returning in the current time period based on the actual number of internal vehicles returning in the current time period and the predicted number of internal vehicles returning in the remaining time period of the current time period. It determines the external vehicle access quota based on the total number of internal vehicles returning and the owner's reserved parking space range. The early warning control module is connected to the parking space availability dynamic adjustment module, and determines the closure of the external vehicle access channel based on the actual number of external vehicles entering the site and the external vehicle access quota in the current time period. The preset historical time period is the weekdays within one week.

2. The parking space availability management system based on big data according to claim 1, characterized in that, The internal parking space reservation analysis module obtains the actual number of vacant parking spaces for several corresponding time periods based on a preset historical time period and the corresponding number of vacant parking spaces, and determines the average vacant parking space value based on the average value of the actual vacant parking space number.

3. The parking space availability management system based on big data according to claim 2, characterized in that, The internal parking space reservation analysis module compares the average number of available parking spaces with the number of internal vehicles returning during the same time period of the previous working day to determine the range of parking spaces reserved for owners. Based on the fact that the average number of available parking spaces is less than or equal to the number of internal vehicles returning, the floating amount of parking spaces reserved by the owner is determined by the difference between the number of internal vehicles returning and the average number of available parking spaces. The range of parking spaces reserved by the owner is determined based on the number of internal vehicles returning and the floating amount of parking spaces reserved by the owner. Since the average number of available parking spaces is greater than the number of internal vehicles returning, the floating amount of the owner's reserved parking space is determined by the difference between the average number of available parking spaces and the number of internal vehicles returning. The range of the owner's reserved parking space is determined based on the floating amount of the owner's reserved parking space and the number of internal vehicles returning.

4. The parking space availability management system based on big data according to claim 3, characterized in that, The external parking space reservation analysis module obtains the number of external vehicles entering in several corresponding time periods based on a preset historical time period and the corresponding number of external vehicles entering. Based on the average value of the number of external vehicles entering, it determines the initial entry value of external vehicles in the current time period.

5. The parking space availability management system based on big data according to claim 4, characterized in that, The external parking space reservation analysis module compares the initial entry value of external vehicles with the actual number of external vehicles entering to determine the external vehicle parking space reservation value for the current time period. If the initial number of external vehicles entering the parking lot is less than or equal to the actual number of external vehicles entering the parking lot, then the reserved value of the external vehicle parking space is determined based on the actual number of external vehicles entering the parking lot and the floating amount of the external vehicle parking space. If the initial number of external vehicles entering the parking lot is greater than the actual number of external vehicles entering, then the reserved value of external vehicle parking spaces is determined based on the actual number of external vehicles entering and the downward adjustment of external vehicle parking spaces.

6. The parking space availability management system based on big data according to claim 5, characterized in that, The parking space availability dynamic control module includes: The internal vehicle return count unit estimates the number of internal vehicles returning in the remaining time period based on the number of internal vehicles returning in the same time period in the past time period, and determines the total number of internal vehicles returning based on the estimated number of internal vehicles returning and the actual number of internal vehicles returning in the current time period. The external vehicle access quota adjustment unit determines the external vehicle access quota based on the total number of internal vehicles returning and the parking space intervals reserved by the owners.

7. The parking space availability management system based on big data according to claim 6, characterized in that, The external vehicle access quota adjustment unit determines the external vehicle access quota; If the total number of internal vehicles returning is less than the minimum value of the parking space interval reserved by the owner, the quota for external vehicles will be increased based on the difference between the minimum value of the parking space interval reserved by the owner and the total number of internal vehicles returning. If the total number of internal vehicles returning is within the range of parking spaces reserved by the owners, the original quota for external vehicles will be maintained. If the total number of internal vehicles returning exceeds the maximum value of the parking space reserved by the owner, then the number of external vehicles allowed to enter will be reduced based on the total number of internal vehicles returning and the maximum value of the parking space reserved by the owner.

8. The parking space availability management system based on big data according to claim 7, characterized in that, The external vehicle access quota adjustment unit obtains the corresponding historical number of internal vehicles returning in the next time period based on the internal parking space reservation analysis module, and determines the external vehicle access quota for the current time period based on the historical number of internal vehicles returning and the upper limit of the owner reserved parking space range for the next time period. The number of vehicles returning within the historical period is the average number over a preset historical time period.

9. The parking space availability management system based on big data according to claim 8, characterized in that, The external parking space reservation analysis module determines the external vehicle parking space reservation value; If the number of internal vehicles returning in the past exceeds the upper limit of the parking space interval reserved by the owner, then the reserved value of external parking spaces for the current time period is determined based on the original reserved value of external parking spaces and the preset cross-time period reduction ratio.

10. The parking space availability management system based on big data according to claim 9, characterized in that, The early warning control module closes the external vehicle access channel if the actual number of external vehicles entering the site during the current time period is greater than or equal to the external vehicle access quota.

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