Broadband metasurface antenna applied to Wi-Fi 6E / 7

Abstract

The invention discloses a broadband metasurface antenna applied to Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) 6E / 7. Comprising two dielectric substrates and three metal layers. The two dielectric substrates are Rogers 4003C, and the three metal layers are a radiation patch, a metal grounding plate and a microstrip line in sequence from top to bottom. The radiation patches are 4 * 3 square arrays, a cross groove is etched in the central radiation patch, the square patches are cut off along diagonal lines at the front edge patch and the rear edge patch, the centers of the left edge patch and the right edge patch are cut off along the transverse direction, and meanwhile the fan-shaped patches are placed at the four corners and cut off along the diagonal direction. A transverse groove is etched in the center of the metal grounding plate, and meanwhile a Y-shaped 50-ohm microstrip line is printed at the bottom of the lower substrate. According to the invention, it can be ensured that the antenna has a high gain, and at the same time, the antenna has a wide bandwidth covering the frequency bands of 5 GHz (5.15-5.825 GHz) and 6 GHz (5.925 GHz-7.125 GHz).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of microstrip antenna technology, specifically relating to a broadband metasurface antenna for Wi-Fi 6E / 7. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid iteration of technologies such as 5G communication, high-speed wireless local area networks (WiFi 6 / 7), the Internet of Things (IoT), and high-definition multimedia transmission, wireless communication systems have placed stringent demands on spectrum resource utilization, data transmission rates, and anti-interference capabilities. The 5-7GHz band, as a core frequency band in the communication field, has a wide range of applications and significant spectrum value. The 5.15~5.85GHz band is explicitly adopted by 5G-WiFi (802.11ac / ax standard), while also being compatible with multiple sub-bands such as WLAN 5.2 GHz (5.15~5.36GHz), WLAN 5.8 GHz (5.725~5.825 GHz), and WiMAX 5.5 GHz (5.25~5.825 GHz). Meanwhile, the 6-7GHz band, as a core high-frequency extension range, covers key operating frequency bands for Wi-Fi 7 (802.11be), high-frequency bands for industrial, scientific, and medical applications (ISM), and some dedicated frequency bands for vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication. With its wide available bandwidth, excellent propagation characteristics, and less frequency interference, the entire 5-7GHz band can achieve ultra-high-speed data transmission, millisecond-level low latency, and high-concurrency connections, providing core spectrum support for high-end applications such as immersive AR / VR interaction, industrial-grade high-definition machine vision, vehicle-road cooperative real-time communication, and cloud computing offloading. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a broadband metasurface antenna for Wi-Fi 6E / 7 that, while ensuring high gain, provides a wide bandwidth covering the 5GHz band (5.15-5.85GHz) and the 6GHz band (5.925-7.125GHz).

[0004] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A broadband metasurface antenna for Wi-Fi 6E / 7 includes two dielectric substrates and three metal layers, arranged from top to bottom as follows: a metal radiating layer, an upper dielectric substrate, a metal ground plane, a lower dielectric substrate, and a metal microstrip line. The metal radiating layer is modified from a 4*3 square array and consists of a central radiating patch, front and rear edge radiating patches, left and right edge radiating patches, and corner radiating patches. The central radiating patch has a cross-shaped groove etched in the center, the front and rear edge patches have slots etched along their diagonals, the left and right edge patches have slots etched laterally in the center, and the corner fan-shaped radiating patches have slots etched diagonally. The metal ground plane has horizontal slots etched on its surface and a Y-shaped microstrip line etched on its back.

[0005] Furthermore, both the upper and lower dielectric substrates are made of Rogers 4003C, with a relative permittivity, loss tangent, length and width of 45mm, and thicknesses of 3mm and 0.8mm, respectively.

[0006] Furthermore, the metal radiant layer, metal ground plane, and metal microstrip line are all copper-clad with a thickness of 0.035 mm.

[0007] Furthermore, the side length of the central radiating patch, the front and rear edge radiating patches, and the left and right edge radiating patches is 9.2 mm.

[0008] Furthermore, the central radiating patch is 7mm long and 0.4mm wide, and there are two of them, symmetrically arranged in the center of the square array. The front and rear edge patches are 0.4mm wide, and there are four of them, arranged in pairs, symmetrically arranged on the front and rear sides of the square array. The left and right edge patches are 0.4mm wide, and there are two of them, symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the square array. The corner radiating patches are fan-shaped with a radius of 9.2mm and an angle of 90 degrees, and there are four of them, arranged at the four apex corners of the square array.

[0009] Furthermore, a transverse groove is etched along the metal ground plane, with a length of 26.4 mm and a width of 1.5 mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the Y-shaped microstrip line consists of a main segment and a bifurcation segment. The main segment is located near the lower edge of the lower dielectric substrate, with a length of 11.9 mm and a width of 2 mm. The bifurcation segment has a length of 13.1 mm and a width of 0.9 mm. A small segment of microstrip line with a length of 3.1 mm and a width of 1.2 mm is attached to the end of the bifurcation segment to improve impedance matching.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention designs a broadband metasurface antenna for the Wi-Fi 6E / 7 band based on characteristic mode theory. By performing operations such as slotting and etching gaps, the reverse current of the metasurface antenna is reduced, obtaining as many wide-side radiation modes as possible. By designing a suitable feeding structure to excite the desired modes, the bandwidth is extended to cover the 5GHz and 6GHz bands. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a side view of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a bottom view of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 4 This is step one of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 5 This is step two of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 6 The diagram shows the reflection coefficient S11 of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 7 This is a gain diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 8 This is a radiation pattern at 5.32 GHz according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 9 This is a radiation pattern at 7 GHz according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the following description.

[0022] like Figures 1-3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a broadband metasurface antenna for Wi-Fi 6E / 7, comprising two dielectric substrates and three metal layers. From top to bottom, they are: a metal radiating layer (1), an upper dielectric substrate (2), a metal ground plane (3), a lower dielectric substrate (4), and a metal microstrip line (5).

[0023] The metal radiation layer is modified based on the 4*3 square array (1) and includes a central radiation patch (6), front and rear edge radiation patches (7), left and right edge radiation patches (8), and corner radiation patches (9).

[0024] Among them, the central radiating patch (6) has a cross groove (10) etched in the center, the front and rear edge radiating patches (7) have a slit (11) etched along the diagonal direction, the left and right edge radiating patches (8) have a slit (12) etched in the center along the transverse direction, and the corner fan-shaped patch (9) has a slit (13) etched along the diagonal direction.

[0025] The antenna of the present invention adopts a microstrip line feeding method, with horizontal grooves (14) etched on the metal ground plane (3) and Y-shaped microstrip lines (15) printed on the back of the lower dielectric substrate (4).

[0026] The design concept of this invention is as follows: By rationally designing the shape of the metasurface unit and through operations such as slotting and etching gaps, the reverse current on different patches is mitigated, forming wide-edge radiation, thereby obtaining more usable higher-order modes. By rationally designing the feeding structure and exciting the desired modes, and by lengthening the interval between resonant points, the antenna bandwidth meets the design requirements, covering the 5GHz and 6GHz frequency bands. The technical effects of this invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] like Figure 4 As shown in Embodiment 1 of the present invention: This invention targets the 5GHz and 6GHz frequency bands, with the low-frequency resonant point expected to be set at approximately 5.2GHz and the high-frequency resonant point expected to be set at approximately 6.8GHz. Based on microstrip antenna theory, the side length of the original square patch unit is set to 9.2cm. Characteristic mode analysis reveals two pairs of degenerate modes: modes 1 and 2, and modes 7 and 8. It is anticipated that operations such as slotting and etching gaps will eliminate the reverse current in modes 3 to 6, generating new wide-side radiation modes and forming broadband characteristics.

[0028] like Figure 5 As shown in Embodiment 2 of the present invention: Since the reverse current was observed to be mainly distributed on the front and rear edge patches and the left and right edge patches, a 0.4mm wide slot was etched along the diagonal of the front and rear edge patches; a 0.4mm wide slot was etched along the X-axis at the center of the left and right edge patches; and a cross-shaped groove with a length of 7mm and a width of 0.4mm was etched on the center patch. Re-performing the characteristic mode analysis revealed a new wide-edge radiation mode. After adding the feeding structure, the resonant point was observed to be close to the expected value, but the impedance matching still needs further optimization. like Figures 1-3 As shown, in Embodiment 3 of the present invention: the corner patch is optimized by changing it from a square shape to a fan shape, and slots are etched along the diagonal direction. By adjusting the resonant point distance, the antenna bandwidth meets the design requirements, covering the 5GHz and 6GHz frequency bands. Thus, the design of this embodiment of the invention is complete. The final reflection coefficient S11 diagram of this embodiment is shown below. Figure 6 As shown, the reflection coefficients at 5.32 GHz and 7 GHz are both below -10 dB, indicating good matching. The final gain is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the overall gain is greater than 7dB, with a peak gain of 10dB, indicating good performance.

[0029] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown in the figure, the radiation patterns of the broadband metasurface antenna for Wi-Fi 6E / 7 provided in this embodiment of the invention are operating at 5.32 GHz and 7 GHz respectively. It can be seen that the antenna pattern is stable, and the difference between the main polarization and the cross polarization is greater than 25 dB, indicating good performance.

[0030] In the embodiments of this invention, the descriptions of "up," "down," "left," and "right" are for the purpose of describing the invention and simplifying the description only, and should not be construed as indicating or implying that a device or element must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, terms such as "longitudinal" and "lateral" are used only to describe the object and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0031] The above description represents preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. It can be used in other combinations, modifications, and environments, and can be altered within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or related technical or knowledge. Modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be within the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A broadband metasurface antenna for Wi-Fi 6E / 7, characterized in that: The antenna consists of two dielectric substrates and three metal layers, which are arranged from top to bottom as follows: metal radiating patch (1), upper dielectric substrate (2), metal ground plane (3), lower dielectric substrate (4) and metal microstrip line (5); the metal radiating patch (1) is modified based on the 4*3 square array and is divided into a central radiating patch (6), front and rear edge radiating patches (7), left and right edge radiating patches (8) and corner radiating patches (9). The central radiating patch (6) has a cross groove (10) etched in the center, the front and rear edge patches (7) have a slot (11) etched along the diagonal, the left and right edge patches (8) have a slot (12) etched in the center along the horizontal direction, and the corner fan-shaped radiating patch (9) has a slot (13) etched along the diagonal direction; the metal ground plane (3) has a horizontal groove (14) etched on the surface and a Y-shaped microstrip line (15) etched on the back.

2. The broadband metasurface antenna for Wi-Fi 6E / 7 according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the upper dielectric substrate (2) and the lower dielectric substrate (4) are Rogers 4003C, with a relative permittivity, loss tangent, length and width of 45 mm, and thicknesses of 3 mm and 0.8 mm, respectively.

3. A broadband metasurface antenna for Wi-Fi 6E / 7 according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal radiation patch (1), the metal ground plane (3) and the metal microstrip line (5) are all copper-plated, with a thickness of 0.035 mm.

4. A broadband metasurface antenna for Wi-Fi 6E / 7 according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center radiating patch (6), the front and rear edge radiating patches (7), and the left and right edge radiating patches (8) all have a side length of 9.2 mm.

5. A broadband metasurface antenna for Wi-Fi 6E / 7 according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central radiating patch (6) is 7 mm long and 0.4 mm wide; there are two of them, which are arranged symmetrically on the left and right sides in the middle of the square array.

6. A broadband metasurface antenna for Wi-Fi 6E / 7 according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the front and rear edge patches (7) is 0.4 mm; there are four of them, arranged in pairs, symmetrically on the front and rear sides of the square array.

7. A broadband metasurface antenna for Wi-Fi 6E / 7 according to claim 1, characterized in that: The width of the left and right edge patches (8) is 0.4mm; there are two of them, which are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the square array.

8. A broadband metasurface antenna for Wi-Fi 6E / 7 according to claim 1, characterized in that: The corner radiating patch (9) is a fan-shaped patch with a radius of 9.2 mm and an angle of 90 degrees; It consists of four pieces, which are arranged at the four corners of the square array.

9. A broadband metasurface antenna for Wi-Fi 6E / 7 according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal ground plane (3) has a transverse groove (14) etched along the transverse direction, with a length of 26.4 mm and a width of 1.5 mm.

10. A broadband metasurface antenna for Wi-Fi 6E / 7 according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Y-type microstrip line (15) consists of a main body segment and a bifurcation segment. The main body segment is close to the lower edge of the lower dielectric substrate, with a length of 11.9 mm and a width of 2 mm. The bifurcation segment has a length of 13.1 mm and a width of 0.9 mm. The end of the bifurcation segment is connected to a small microstrip line to improve impedance matching, with a length of 3.1 mm and a width of 1.2 mm.

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