Techniques for implementing enhanced measurement gaps using sensing processes

Abstract

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A user equipment (UE) may receive control signaling from a serving network entity, the control signaling instructing the UE to predict signal quality measurements for a neighbor network entity using perception information sensed by the UE. The UE may then send a measurement report to the serving network entity, the measurement report indicating a signal quality measurement prediction for the neighbor network entity based on the control signaling and the perceived information sensed by the UE.

Description

[0001] Cross-references

[0002] This patent application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application No. 18 / 457,763, filed August 29, 2024, entitled “TECHNIQUES FOR ENHANCED MEASUREMENT GAPS USING SENSING PROCEDURES”, which is assigned to the assignee of this application and is expressly incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The following text relates to wireless communication, including techniques for using sensing processes to achieve enhanced measurement gaps. Background Technology

[0004] Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various types of communication content, such as voice, video, packet data, message sending and receiving, and broadcasting. These systems can support communication with multiple users by sharing available system resources (e.g., time, frequency, and power). Examples of such multiple access systems include fourth-generation (4G) systems (such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems, LTE-A Advanced (LTE-A) systems, or LTE-A Pro systems) and fifth-generation (5G) systems (which may be referred to as New Radio (NR) systems). These systems may employ technologies such as Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal FDMA (OFDMA), or Discrete Fourier Transform Extended Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (DFT-S-OFDM). A wireless multiple access communication system may include one or more base stations, each supporting wireless communication for communication devices, which may be referred to as User Equipment (UE).

[0005] Some wireless communication systems may support extended reality (XR) wireless devices (e.g., UEs, network entities), which may include virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), mixed reality (MR), or a combination thereof. Furthermore, XR wireless devices may include various sensors (e.g., cameras, IMU sensors) that can be used to build perception (e.g., cognition) of the environment surrounding the XR wireless device. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The described technology relates to improved methods, systems, devices, and apparatuses for supporting techniques for achieving enhanced measurement gaps using sensing processes. For example, the described technology provides a user equipment (UE) for receiving control signaling from a serving network entity, the control signaling instructing the UE to use sensing information sensed by the UE to predict signal quality measurements of a neighboring network entity. The UE can then send a measurement report to the serving network entity, the measurement report indicating a predicted signal quality measurement for the neighboring network entity based on the control signaling and the sensing information sensed by the UE.

[0007] A method for wireless communication by a UE is described. The method may include: receiving control signaling from a serving network entity, the control signaling instructing the UE to use sensing information sensed by the UE to predict signal quality measurements of a neighboring network entity; and sending a measurement report to the serving network entity, the measurement report indicating a prediction of signal quality measurements for the neighboring network entity based on the control signaling and the sensing information sensed by the UE.

[0008] A UE for wireless communication is described. The UE may include: one or more memories storing processor-executable code; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be able to operate individually or jointly to execute the code so that the UE: receives control signaling from a serving network entity, the control signaling instructing the UE to use sensing information sensed by the UE to predict signal quality measurements of a neighboring network entity; and sends a measurement report to the serving network entity, the measurement report indicating a prediction of signal quality measurements for the neighboring network entity based on the control signaling and the sensing information sensed by the UE.

[0009] Another UE for wireless communication is described. The UE may include components for performing the following actions: receiving control signaling from a serving network entity, the control signaling instructing the UE to use sensing information sensed by the UE to predict signal quality measurements of a neighboring network entity; and components for performing the following actions: sending a measurement report to the serving network entity, the measurement report indicating a prediction of signal quality measurements for the neighboring network entity based on the control signaling and the sensing information sensed by the UE.

[0010] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to perform the following actions: receiving control signaling from a serving network entity, the control signaling instructing the UE to use sensing information sensed by the UE to predict signal quality measurements of a neighboring network entity; and sending a measurement report to the serving network entity, the measurement report indicating a prediction of signal quality measurements for the neighboring network entity based on the control signaling and the sensing information sensed by the UE.

[0011] The methods described herein, UEs, and some examples of nontransitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following actions: sending a capability message to the serving network entity that indicates the capability to predict signal quality measurements using the perception information sensed by the UE, wherein the control signaling may be based on the capability message.

[0012] The methods described herein, UEs, and some examples of nontransitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following actions: receiving from the serving network entity an instruction for configuring a set of measurement gaps for performing a signal quality measurement of the neighboring network entity, wherein the control signaling instructs the UE to use the sensing information to predict the signal quality measurement of the neighboring network entity, rather than performing the measurement of the neighboring network entity during a measurement gap in the set of measurement gaps.

[0013] The methods described herein, examples of UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following actions: sending the measurement report to the serving network entity, the measurement report indicating a signal quality measurement prediction based on the overlap of a first resource allocated for transmitting data messages and a second resource allocated for the measurement gap; and transmitting the data message via the first resource.

[0014] Some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following actions: sending a report to the serving network entity instructing the UE that it may be skipping a measurement during the measurement gap due to the overlap between a first resource allocated for receiving data messages and a second resource allocated for a measurement gap, wherein control signaling instructing the UE to use the sensing information sensed by the UE to predict the signal quality measurement of the neighboring network entity may be based on the report; and receiving the data message via the first resource.

[0015] The methods described herein, UEs, and some examples of non-transitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following actions: receiving instructions from the serving network entity for configuring a set of measurement gaps for performing signal quality measurements against the neighboring network entity.

[0016] The methods described herein, UEs, and some examples of nontransitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following actions: sending a request message to the serving network entity for changing the periodicity of the measurement gaps within the set of measurement gaps; and receiving from the serving network entity an updated configuration of the set of measurement gaps, the updated configuration being based on the change in periodicity indicated via the request message.

[0017] The methods described herein, UEs, and some examples of nontransitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following actions: receiving a control message indicating a signal quality threshold from the serving network entity, wherein the periodicity of the request message for changing the measurement gap within the set of measurement gaps may be based on the signal quality measurements of the neighboring network entity satisfying the signal quality threshold.

[0018] In some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, sending the request message may include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following actions: receiving a control message indicating a signal quality threshold from the serving network entity, wherein the periodicity of the request message for changing the measurement gap within the set of measurement gaps may be based on the signal quality measurement prediction for the neighboring network entity that the signal quality threshold has not been met.

[0019] In some examples of the methods, UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, the UE avoids performing measurements during at least one of the measurement gaps in the set of measurement gaps based on the control signaling.

[0020] In the methods described herein, and in some examples of UEs and non-transitory computer-readable media, the signal quality measurement prediction can be based on a spatial map of the environment.

[0021] The methods described herein, examples of UEs, and nontransitory computer-readable media may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following actions: generating the spatial map of the environment by performing signal quality measurements during a set of signal quality measurements; and sending a message to the serving network entity indicating that the spatial map of the environment can be generated, wherein receiving the control signaling may be based on the message.

[0022] In the methods described herein, and in some examples of UEs and non-transitory computer-readable media, an ML model can be used to generate this spatial graph of the environment.

[0023] A method for wireless communication by a network entity is described. The method may include: sending control signaling to a UE, the control signaling instructing the UE to use sensing information sensed by the UE to predict signal quality measurements of a neighboring network entity; and receiving a measurement report from the UE, the measurement report indicating a prediction of signal quality measurements for the neighboring network entity based on the control signaling and the sensing information sensed by the UE.

[0024] A network entity for wireless communication is described. The network entity may include: one or more memories storing processor-executable code; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories. The one or more processors may be able to operate individually or jointly to execute the code to cause the network entity to: send control signaling to a UE, the control signaling instructing the UE to use sensing information sensed by the UE to predict signal quality measurements of neighboring network entities; and receive a measurement report from the UE, the measurement report indicating a predicted signal quality measurement for the neighboring network entity based on the control signaling and the sensing information sensed by the UE.

[0025] Another network entity for wireless communication is described. This network entity may include components for performing the following actions: sending control signaling to a UE, the control signaling instructing the UE to use sensing information sensed by the UE to predict signal quality measurements of a neighboring network entity; and components for performing the following actions: receiving a measurement report from the UE, the measurement report indicating a prediction of signal quality measurements for the neighboring network entity based on the control signaling and the sensing information sensed by the UE.

[0026] A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication is described. The code may include instructions executable by a processor to perform the following actions: sending control signaling to a UE, the control signaling instructing the UE to use sensing information sensed by the UE to predict signal quality measurements of neighboring network entities; and receiving a measurement report from the UE, the measurement report indicating a prediction of signal quality measurements for the neighboring network entity based on the control signaling and the sensing information sensed by the UE.

[0027] Some examples of the methods, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following actions: receiving a capability message from the UE indicating the capability to predict signal quality measurements using the perception information sensed by the UE, wherein the control signaling may be based on the capability message.

[0028] Some examples of the methods, network entities, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following actions: sending an instruction to the UE to configure a set of measurement gaps for the UE to perform a signal quality measurement of the neighboring network entity, wherein the control signaling instructs the UE to use the sensing information to predict the signal quality measurement of the neighboring network entity, rather than performing the measurement of the neighboring network entity during the measurement gaps in the set of measurement gaps.

[0029] Some examples of the methods, network entities, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following actions: receiving the measurement report from the UE, the measurement report indicating a signal quality measurement prediction based on the overlap of a first resource allocated for transmitting data messages and a second resource allocated for the measurement gap; and transmitting the data message via the first resource.

[0030] Some examples of the methods, network entities, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following actions: receiving a report from the UE instructing the UE to skip performing a measurement during the measurement gap based on the overlap between a first resource allocated for receiving data messages and a second resource allocated for the measurement gap, wherein control signaling instructing the UE to use the perception information sensed by the UE to predict the signal quality measurement of the neighboring network entity may be based on the report; and receiving the data message via the first resource.

[0031] Some examples of the methods, network entities, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following actions: receiving from the UE a message instructing the UE to skip performing measurements during a measurement gap, wherein control signaling instructing the UE to use the perception information sensed by the UE to predict the signal quality measurement of the neighboring network entity may be based on the message; and using the resources of the measurement gap to send the message.

[0032] The methods, network entities, and some examples of non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following actions: sending instructions to the UE on the configuration of a set of measurement gaps for performing signal quality measurements of the neighboring network entity.

[0033] Some examples of the methods, network entities, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following actions: receiving from the UE a request message for changing the periodicity of the measurement gaps within the set of measurement gaps; and sending to the UE an updated configuration of the set of measurement gaps, the updated configuration being based on the periodicity change indicated via the request message.

[0034] Some examples of the methods, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following actions: sending a control message to the UE indicating a signal quality threshold, wherein the request message for changing the periodicity of the measurement gap within the set of measurement gaps may be based on the signal quality measurement of the neighboring network entity satisfying the signal quality threshold.

[0035] In some examples of the methods, network entities, and nontransitory computer-readable media described herein, sending the request message may include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following actions: sending a control message to the UE indicating a signal quality threshold, wherein the periodicity of the request message for changing the measurement gap within the set of measurement gaps may be based on the prediction of a failure to meet the signal quality threshold by the signal quality measurement of the neighboring network entity.

[0036] Some examples of the methods, network entities, and non-transitory computer-readable media described herein may also include operations, features, components, or instructions for performing the following actions: receiving a message from the UE indicating that the UE may have generated a spatial map of the environment, wherein the transmission of control signaling may be based on the message. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figures 1 to 3 An example of a wireless communication system supported by one or more aspects of this disclosure for using a sensing process to achieve enhanced measurement gaps is shown.

[0038] Figure 4 An example of a process flow supporting one or more aspects of this disclosure for implementing an enhanced measurement gap using a sensing process is shown.

[0039] Figure 5 and Figure 6 A block diagram of an apparatus for implementing an enhanced measurement gap using a sensing process is shown, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure.

[0040] Figure 7 A block diagram of a communication manager supporting a technique for implementing enhanced measurement gaps using a sensing process, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0041] Figure 8 A diagram is shown of a system including a device for supporting a technique for achieving enhanced gap measurement using a sensing process, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure.

[0042] Figure 9 and Figure 10 A block diagram of an apparatus for implementing an enhanced measurement gap using a sensing process is shown, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure.

[0043] Figure 11 A block diagram of a communication manager supporting a technique for implementing enhanced measurement gaps using a sensing process, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown.

[0044] Figure 12 A diagram is shown of a system including a device for supporting a technique for achieving enhanced gap measurement using a sensing process, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure.

[0045] Figures 13 to 17 A flowchart illustrating a method for implementing an enhanced measurement gap using a sensing process, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0046] Typically, fifth-generation (5G) communication provides high-speed, low-latency, and highly reliable wireless connectivity, which can be particularly important for extended reality (XR) devices and cloud computing services such as cloud-based gaming. XR data can include virtual reality (VR) data, augmented reality (AR) data, mixed reality (MR) data, and other types of data that can be associated with highly reliable and low-latency transmission. Therefore, XR devices may have stringent system requirements regarding data rate, latency, and power consumption. In some cases, measurement gaps can be configured for XR devices (e.g., UEs) to operate in multi-frequency cellular networks. During measurement gaps, the XR device can perform measurements on cells of different frequencies. However, because measurement gaps have a higher priority than normal data traffic, the XR device may not be able to receive any data traffic from its current serving cell while performing measurements on cells of different frequencies. Therefore, this measurement gap configuration can increase the latency of the wireless communication system by delaying data transmission, making it difficult for the wireless communication system to meet the system requirements of the XR device.

[0047] Therefore, the UE can receive instructions from the serving network entity to predict signal quality measurements of neighboring network entities using sensing information or sensing procedures. The UE can then send a measurement report including the predicted signal quality measurements. In some cases, these instructions may instruct the UE whether to cancel, skip, or change the measurement gap. Furthermore, since XR devices can have a variety of different sensors, the UE can perform sensing procedures within the environment to obtain sensing information about the cell, thereby estimating the cell's signal quality (e.g., generating signal quality measurement predictions). By performing sensing procedures to determine whether to cancel, skip, or change the measurement gap configuration, the UE can be able to send data messages during a portion of the time previously allocated to the measurement gap. Therefore, the UE can communicate with the serving network entity while simultaneously providing signal quality measurements of neighboring network entities, thus reducing communication latency in the wireless communication system.

[0048] In one example, the UE may determine to cancel the measurement gap configuration based on perception information, and the UE may use the perception information to provide measurement values ​​that will be obtained within the measurement gap. In such examples, the UE can avoid having to prioritize measurement gaps over data transmission, thereby ensuring reduced latency in data transmission. In another example, the UE may be configured using a set of measurement gaps, and the UE may determine, based on perception information, to send signaling to the serving network entity instructing the UE to skip one of the measurement gaps and instead prioritize data transmission or reception. For example, the UE may perform a measurement in a first measurement gap and then determine that the perception information is likely accurate enough. Therefore, the UE may skip performing a measurement during a second measurement gap and transmit or receive data transmissions during that second measurement gap while using the perception information to provide signal quality predictions, thereby helping to reduce latency in the wireless communication system. In some other examples, the UE may send signaling to adjust or change the configuration of the measurement gaps based on perception information. For example, the UE may determine, based on perception information, that it can perform measurements less frequently, and the UE may signal changes to parameters of the measurement gap (such as the periodicity of the measurement gap). Therefore, the time between measurement intervals can be longer, and the UE can be able to send or receive additional data transmissions to further reduce the latency of the wireless communication system.

[0049] Based on whether the UE cancels, skips, or changes the measurement gap, the UE can send a measurement report to the network entity serving the UE (e.g., the serving network entity), which indicates the signal quality measurements based on perception information from neighboring network entities. Therefore, by canceling the measurement gap configuration, skipping configured measurement gaps, or adjusting the measurement gap configuration, the latency of the wireless communication system caused by the measurement gap can be reduced because the UE can prioritize data transmission and reception, thereby further improving support for wireless devices (such as XR devices) within the wireless communication system.

[0050] The aspects of this disclosure are first described in the context of a wireless communication system. Additional aspects of this disclosure are described with reference to wireless communication systems and processing flows. The aspects of this disclosure are also illustrated and described by way of example and reference to device block diagrams, system diagrams, and flowcharts relating to techniques for achieving enhanced measurement gaps using a sensing process.

[0051] Figure 1 Examples of wireless communication systems 100 supporting techniques for implementing enhanced measurement gaps using a sensing process, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, are shown. Wireless communication system 100 may include one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, and a core network 130. In some examples, wireless communication system 100 may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network, an Advanced LTE (LTE-A) network, an LTE-A Pro network, a New Radio (NR) network, or a network operating under other systems and radio technologies, including future systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0052] Network entity 105 may be distributed across a geographical area to form wireless communication system 100, and may include devices employing different forms or having different capabilities. In various examples, network entity 105 may be referred to as a network element, mobility element, radio access network (RAN) node, or network equipment, etc. In some examples, network entity 105 and UE 115 may wirelessly communicate via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., radio frequency (RF) access links). For example, network entity 105 may support coverage area 110 (e.g., a geographical coverage area) within which UE 115 and network entity 105 may establish one or more communication links 125. Coverage area 110 may be an example of a geographical area within which network entity 105 and UE 115 may support the transmission of signals according to one or more radio access technologies (RATs).

[0053] UE 115 can be distributed throughout the coverage area 110 of wireless communication system 100, and each UE 115 can be stationary or mobile, or stationary and mobile at different times. UE 115 can be devices in different forms or with different capabilities. Figure 1 Some example UE 115s are illustrated herein. The UE 115 described herein can be able to support various types of devices (such as, e.g., ...). Figure 1 It communicates with other UEs (115 or network entity 105) as shown.

[0054] As described herein, nodes of the wireless communication system 100 (which may be referred to as network nodes or wireless nodes) may be network entity 105 (e.g., any network entity described herein), UE 115 (e.g., any UE described herein), network controller, apparatus, device, computing system, one or more components, or another suitable processing entity configured to perform any of the techniques described herein. For example, a node may be UE 115. Alternatively, a node may be network entity 105. Furthermore, a first node may be configured to communicate with a second or third node. In one aspect of this example, the first node may be UE 115, the second node may be network entity 105, and the third node may be UE 115. In another aspect of this example, the first node may be UE 115, the second node may be network entity 105, and the third node may be network entity 105. In other aspects of this example, the first node, the second node, and the third node may be different from these examples. Similarly, references to UE 115, network entity 105, device, equipment, computing system, etc., may include disclosures of UE 115, network entity 105, device, equipment, computing system, etc., as nodes. For example, a disclosure that UE 115 is configured to receive information from network entity 105 also discloses that a first node is configured to receive information from a second node.

[0055] In some examples, network entity 105 may communicate with core network 130, communicate with each other, or both. For example, network entity 105 may communicate with core network 130 via one or more backhaul communication links 120 (e.g., according to S1, N2, N3, or other interface protocols). In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with each other directly (e.g., directly between network entities 105) or indirectly (e.g., via core network 130) via backhaul communication links 120 (e.g., according to X2, Xn, or other interface protocols). In some examples, network entities 105 may communicate with each other via midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., according to midhaul interface protocol) or fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., according to fronthaul interface protocol) or any combination thereof. Backhaul communication link 120, midhaul communication link 162, or fronthaul communication link 168 may be or include one or more wired links (e.g., electrical links, fiber optic links), one or more wireless links (e.g., radio links, wireless optical links), etc., or various combinations thereof. UE 115 can communicate with core network 130 via communication link 155.

[0056] One or more network entities in network entity 105 described herein may include or be referred to as base station 140 (e.g., transceiver base station, radio base station, NR base station, access point, radio transceiver, node B, eNodeB (eNB), next-generation node B or gigabit node B (any of which may be referred to as gNB), 5G NB, next-generation eNB (ng-eNB), home node B, home evolution node B, or other suitable terms). In some examples, network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140) may be implemented in an aggregated (e.g., monolithic, standalone) base station architecture that may be configured to utilize a protocol stack that is physically or logically integrated within a single network entity 105 (e.g., a single RAN node, such as base station 140).

[0057] In some examples, network entity 105 may be implemented in a decomposed architecture (e.g., a decomposed base station architecture, a decomposed RAN architecture) that can be configured to utilize protocol stacks physically or logically distributed across two or more network entities 105, such as an integrated access backhaul (IAB) network, an open RAN (O-RAN) (e.g., a network configuration sponsored by the O-RAN Alliance), or a virtualized RAN (vRAN) (e.g., a cloud RAN (C-RAN)). For example, network entity 105 may include one or more of the following: a central unit (CU) 160, a distributed unit (DU) 165, a radio unit (RU) 170, a RAN intelligent controller (RIC) 175 (e.g., a near real-time RIC, a non-real-time RIC), a service management and orchestration (SMO) 180 system, or any combination thereof. 170 may also be referred to as a radio headend, intelligent radio headend, remote radio headend (RRH), remote radio unit (RRU), or transmit / receive point (TRP). One or more components of network entity 105 in a decomposed RAN architecture may be co-located, or one or more components of network entity 105 may be located in distributed locations (e.g., separate physical locations). In some examples, one or more network entities 105 in a decomposed RAN architecture may be implemented as virtual units (e.g., virtual CU (VCU), virtual DU (VDU), virtual RU (VRU)).

[0058] The functional splitting among CU 160, DU 165, and RU 170 is flexible and can support different functionalities depending on which functions (e.g., network layer functions, protocol layer functions, baseband functions, RF functions, and any combination thereof) are performed at CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170. For example, a protocol stack functional splitting can be used between CU 160 and DU 165, allowing CU 160 to support one or more layers of the protocol stack, and DU 165 to support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. In some examples, CU 160 can host higher protocol layer (e.g., Layer 3 (L3), Layer 2 (L2)) functionalities and signaling (e.g., Radio Resource Control (RRC), Serving Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP), Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP)). CU 160 can connect to one or more DU 165 or RU 170, and one or more DU 165 or RU 170 can host lower protocol layers, such as Layer 1 (L1) (e.g., Physical (PHY) layer) or L2 (e.g., Radio Link Control (RLC) layer, Medium Access Control (MAC) layer) functionality and signaling, and each can be at least partially controlled by CU 160. Additionally or alternatively, a protocol stack functional split can be employed between DU 165 and RU 170, such that DU 165 can support one or more layers of the protocol stack, and RU 170 can support one or more different layers of the protocol stack. DU 165 can support one or more different cells (e.g., via one or more RU 170). In some cases, functional decomposition between CU 160 and DU 165, or between DU 165 and RU 170, can be performed within the protocol layer (e.g., some functions of the protocol layer can be performed by one of CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170, while other functions of the protocol layer can be performed by different of CU 160, DU 165, or RU 170). CU 160 can be further functionally decomposed into CU control plane (CU-CP) functions and CU user plane (CU-UP) functions. CU 160 can be connected to one or more DU 165 via midhaul communication link 162 (e.g., F1, F1-c, F1-u), and DU 165 can be connected to one or more RU 170 via fronthaul communication link 168 (e.g., open fronthaul (FH) interface). In some examples, the midhaul communication link 162 or the fronthaul communication link 168 may be implemented based on the interfaces (e.g., channels) between the layers of the protocol stack, which are supported by the corresponding network entities 105 communicating via such communication links.

[0059] In a wireless communication system (e.g., wireless communication system 100), the infrastructure and spectrum resources for radio access can support wireless backhaul link capabilities to supplement wired backhaul connections, thereby providing an IAB network architecture (e.g., to core network 130). In some cases, in an IAB network, one or more network entities 105 (e.g., IAB node 104) may be partially controlled by each other. One or more IAB nodes 104 may be referred to as donor entities or IAB donors. One or more DU 165s or one or more RU 170s may be partially controlled by one or more CU 160s associated with donor network entity 105 (e.g., donor base station 140). One or more donor network entities 105 (e.g., IAB donors) may communicate with one or more additional network entities 105 (e.g., IAB node 104) via supported access and backhaul links (e.g., backhaul communication link 120). IAB node 104 may include an IAB mobile terminal (IAB-MT) controlled (e.g., scheduled) by a DU 165 of a coupled IAB donor. The IAB-MT may include a separate set of antennas for relaying communication with UE 115, or may share the same antennas (e.g., those of RU 170) for access to IAB node 104 via DU 165 of IAB node 104. (e.g., referred to as a virtual IAB-MT (vIAB-MT)). In some examples, IAB node 104 may include a DU 165 that supports communication links with additional entities (e.g., IAB node 104, UE 115) within a relay chain or configuration (e.g., downstream) of the access network. In such cases, one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture (e.g., one or more IAB nodes 104 or components of IAB node 104) may be configured to operate according to the techniques described herein.

[0060] For example, the access network (AN) or RAN may include communication between an access node (e.g., an IAB donor), IAB node 104, and one or more UEs 115. The IAB donor may facilitate connectivity between the core network 130 and the AN (e.g., via a wired or wireless connection to the core network 130). That is, an IAB donor may refer to a RAN node having a wired or wireless connection to the core network 130. The IAB donor may include a CU 160 and at least one DU 165 (e.g., and RU 170), where the CU 160 may communicate with the core network 130 via an interface (e.g., a backhaul link). The IAB donor and IAB node 104 may communicate via an F1 interface according to a protocol defining the signaling messages (e.g., the F1 AP protocol). Additionally or alternatively, the CU 160 may communicate with the core network via an interface (which may be part of a backhaul link) and may communicate with other CU 160s (e.g., CU 160 associated with an alternative IAB donor) via an Xn-C interface (which may be part of a backhaul link).

[0061] IAB node 104 may refer to a RAN node that provides IAB functionality (e.g., access for UE 115, radio self-backhaul capability, etc.). DU 165 may act as a distributed scheduling node toward child nodes associated with IAB node 104, and IAB-MT may act as a scheduled node toward a parent node associated with IAB node 104. That is, an IAB donor may be referred to as a parent node communicating with one or more child nodes (e.g., an IAB donor may relay for UE transmissions via one or more other IAB nodes 104). Additionally or alternatively, depending on the AN's relay chain or configuration, IAB node 104 may also be referred to as a parent or child node of other IAB nodes 104. Therefore, the IAB-MT entity of IAB node 104 can provide a Uu interface for child IAB node 104 to receive signaling from parent IAB node 104, and the DU interface (e.g., DU 165) can provide a Uu interface for parent IAB node 104 to send signaling notifications to child IAB node 104 or UE 115.

[0062] For example, IAB node 104 may be referred to as a parent node supporting communication to child IAB nodes, or as a child IAB node associated with an IAB donor, or both. An IAB donor may include a CU 160 having a wired or wireless connection to core network 130 (e.g., backhaul communication link 120) and may act as a parent node of IAB node 104. For example, the IAB donor's DU 165 may relay transmissions to UE 115 via IAB node 104, or may signal transmissions directly to UE 115, or both. The IAB donor's CU 160 may signal the establishment of a communication link to IAB node 104 via an F1 interface, and IAB node 104 may schedule transmissions via DU 165 (e.g., transmissions relayed from the IAB donor to UE 115). That is, data may be relayed to and from IAB node 104 via signaling through the NR Uu interface of the MT to IAB node 104. Communication with IAB node 104 can be scheduled by DU 165 of the IAB donor, and communication with IAB node 104 can be scheduled by DU 165 of IAB node 104.

[0063] In the context of applying the techniques described herein to a decomposed RAN architecture, one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture may be configured to support techniques as described herein for implementing enhanced measurement gaps using sensing processes. For example, some operations described as being performed by UE 115 or network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140) may additionally or alternatively be performed by one or more components of the decomposed RAN architecture (e.g., IAB node 104, DU 165, CU 160, RU 170, RIC 175, SMO 180).

[0064] UE 115 may include or be referred to as a mobile device, wireless device, remote device, handheld device, or subscriber device, or any other suitable term, wherein "device" may also be referred to as a cell, station, terminal, or client, etc. UE 115 may also include or be referred to as a personal electronic device, such as a cellular phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), tablet computer, laptop computer, or personal computer. In some examples, UE 115 may include or be referred to as a wireless local loop (WLL) station, Internet of Things (IoT) device, Internet of Everything (IoE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, etc., which may be implemented in various objects such as appliances or vehicles, meters, etc.

[0065] The UE 115 described herein can communicate with various types of devices, such as other UEs 115 that sometimes act as relays, network entities 105, and network equipment including macro eNBs or gNBs, small cell eNBs or gNBs, or relay base stations, etc. Figure 1 As shown.

[0066] UE 115 and network entity 105 can wirelessly communicate with each other via one or more communication links 125 (e.g., access links) using resources associated with one or more carriers. The term "carrier" can refer to a set of RF spectrum resources having a defined physical layer structure for supporting communication link 125. For example, a carrier for communication link 125 may include a portion of the RF spectrum band (e.g., a bandwidth portion (BWP)) operating according to one or more physical layer channels for a given radio access technology (e.g., LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, NR). Each physical layer channel may carry acquisition signaling (e.g., synchronization signals, system information), control signaling coordinating carrier operation, user data, or other signaling. Wireless communication system 100 can support communication with UE 115 using carrier aggregation or multi-carrier operation. Depending on the carrier aggregation configuration, UE 115 can be configured using multiple downlink component carriers and one or more uplink component carriers. Carrier aggregation can be used in conjunction with both frequency division duplex (FDD) component carriers and time division duplex (TDD) component carriers. Communication between network entity 105 and other devices can refer to communication between these devices and any part of network entity 105 (e.g., entity, sub-entity). For example, the terms “send,” “receive,” or “communicate” when referring to network entity 105 can refer to any part of the RAN’s network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, CU160, DU 165, RU 170) communicating with another device (e.g., directly or via one or more other network entities 105).

[0067] In some examples, such as in carrier aggregation configurations, a carrier may also have acquisition signaling or control signaling to coordinate the operation of other carriers. A carrier may be associated with a frequency channel (e.g., an Evolved Universal Mobile Telecommunications System Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) Absolute RF Channel Number (EARFCN)) and may be identified according to a channel grating used for discovery by UE 115. A carrier may operate in standalone mode, in which case initial acquisition and connection can be made by UE 115 via that carrier, or the carrier may operate in non-standalone mode, in which case different carriers (e.g., the same or different radio access technologies) are used to anchor the connection.

[0068] The communication link 125 shown in the wireless communication system 100 may include downlink transmission (e.g., forward link transmission) from network entity 105 to UE 115, uplink transmission (e.g., return link transmission) from UE 115 to network entity 105, or both, as well as other transmission configurations. A carrier may carry downlink communication or uplink communication (e.g., in FDD mode), or may be configured to carry both downlink and uplink communication (e.g., in TDD mode).

[0069] A carrier may be associated with a specific bandwidth of the RF spectrum, and in some examples, the carrier bandwidth may be referred to as the carrier or the “system bandwidth” of the wireless communication system 100. For example, the carrier bandwidth may be one bandwidth in a set of bandwidths for a particular radio access technology (e.g., 1.4 MHz, 3 MHz, 5 MHz, 10 MHz, 15 MHz, 20 MHz, 40 MHz, or 80 MHz). Devices of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., network entity 105, UE 115, or both) may have hardware configurations that support communication using a specific carrier bandwidth, or may be configured to support communication using one carrier bandwidth in a set of carrier bandwidths. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may include network entity 105 or UE 115 that supports concurrent communication using carriers associated with multiple carrier bandwidths. In some examples, each served UE 115 may be configured to operate using a portion (e.g., subband, BWP) or all of the carrier bandwidth.

[0070] The signal waveform transmitted via a carrier may include multiple subcarriers (e.g., using multi-carrier modulation (MCM) techniques, such as orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) or discrete Fourier transform extended OFDM (DFT-S-OFDM)). In a system employing MCM, a resource element may refer to a resource of one symbol period (e.g., the duration of one modulation symbol) and one subcarrier, in which case the symbol period and subcarrier spacing may be inversely related. The number of bits carried by each resource element may depend on the modulation scheme (e.g., the order of the modulation scheme, the decoding rate of the modulation scheme, or both), such that a relatively high number of resource elements (e.g., in the transmission duration) and a relatively high modulation scheme order correspond to a relatively high communication rate. Wireless communication resources may refer to a combination of RF spectrum resources, temporal resources, and spatial resources (e.g., spatial layers or beams), and the use of multiple spatial resources may increase the data rate or data integrity used for communication with UE 115.

[0071] It can support one or more sets of parameters for a carrier, and the set of parameters may include subcarrier spacing ( (and cyclic prefix). A carrier can be divided into one or more BWPs with the same or different sets of parameters. In some examples, multiple BWPs can be used to configure UE 115. In some examples, a single BWP of a carrier can be active at a given time, and the communication of UE 115 can be constrained to one or more active BWPs.

[0072] The time interval for network entity 105 or UE 115 can be expressed as a multiple of a basic time unit, such as the sampling period. seconds, of which It can represent the supported subcarrier spacing, and This can represent the supported Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) size. The time interval of the communication resources can be organized according to radio frames, each with a specified duration (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)). Each radio frame can be identified by a System Frame Number (SFN) (e.g., ranging from 0 to 1023).

[0073] Each frame may include multiple consecutively numbered subframes or time slots, and each subframe or time slot may have the same duration. In some examples, a frame may (e.g., in the time domain) be divided into subframes, and each subframe may be further divided into a number of time slots. Alternatively, each frame may include a variable number of time slots, and the number of time slots may depend on the subcarrier spacing. Each time slot may include a number of symbol periods (e.g., depending on the length of the cyclic prefix appended to each symbol period). In some wireless communication systems 100, time slots may be further divided into multiple micro-time slots associated with one or more symbols. Excluding the cyclic prefix, each symbol period may be associated with one or more (e.g., The duration of a symbol period is associated with a (number) sampling period. The duration of a symbol period can depend on the subcarrier spacing or the operating frequency band.

[0074] A subframe, time slot, micro-time slot, or symbol can be the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 (e.g., in the time domain) and can be referred to as a transmission time interval (TTI). In some examples, the duration of the TTI (e.g., the number of symbol periods in the TTI) can be variable. Additionally or alternatively, the smallest scheduling unit of the wireless communication system 100 can be dynamically selected (e.g., in a burst of shortened TTIs (sTTIs)).

[0075] Depending on the technology, carriers can be used to multiplex physical channels for communication. One or more of Time Division Multiplexing (TDM), Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM), or hybrid TDM-FDM techniques can be used, for example, to multiplex physical control channels and physical data channels for signaling via a downlink carrier. The control region (e.g., control resource set (CORESET)) of the physical control channel can be defined by a set of symbol periods and can extend across the system bandwidth of the carrier or a subset of that bandwidth. One or more control regions (e.g., CORESET) can be configured for a set of UEs 115. For example, one or more UEs in UE 115 can monitor or search for control regions to obtain control information based on one or more search space sets, and each search space set can include one or more control channel candidates in one or more aggregation levels arranged in a concatenated manner. The aggregation level of control channel candidates can refer to the amount of control channel resources (e.g., control channel elements (CCEs)) associated with coded information for a control information format having a given payload size. The search space set may include: a common search space set configured to transmit control information to multiple UEs 115, and a UE-specific search space set used to transmit control information to a specific UE 115.

[0076] Network entity 105 may provide communication coverage via one or more cells (e.g., macro cells, small cells, hotspots, or other types of cells, or any combination thereof). The term "cell" may refer to a logical communication entity used to communicate with network entity 105 (e.g., using a carrier) and may be associated with an identifier used to distinguish adjacent cells (e.g., Physical Cell Identifier (PCID), Virtual Cell Identifier (VCID), or other cell identifier). In some examples, a cell may also refer to a coverage area 110 or a portion of coverage area 110 (e.g., a sector) in which a logical communication entity operates. Depending on various factors such as the capabilities of network entity 105, the extent of such cells may range from smaller areas (e.g., structures, subsets of structures) to larger areas. For example, a cell may be or may include buildings, subsets of buildings, or external space between or overlapping coverage areas 110, etc.

[0077] Macro cells typically cover a relatively large geographical area (e.g., a radius of several kilometers) and allow unrestricted access to UE 115 that has a service subscription with a network provider supporting the macro cell. In contrast, small cells may be associated with a lower-power network entity 105 (e.g., a lower-power base station 140) and may operate using the same or different (e.g., licensed, unlicensed) frequency bands as macro cells. Small cells may provide unrestricted access to UE 115 that has a service subscription with a network provider, or restricted access to UE 115 associated with a small cell (e.g., UE 115 in a closed subscriber group (CSG), or UE 115 associated with a user in a home or office). Network entity 105 may support one or more cells and may also use one or more component carriers to support communication via one or more cells.

[0078] In some examples, a carrier can support multiple cells and can be configured with different cells based on different protocol types that can provide access for different types of devices (e.g., MTC, Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT), Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB)).

[0079] In some examples, network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170) may be mobile, and thus provide communication coverage to mobile coverage areas 110. In some examples, different coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may overlap, but the different coverage areas 110 may be supported by the same network entity 105. In some other examples, overlapping coverage areas 110 associated with different technologies may be supported by different network entities 105. The wireless communication system 100 may include, for example, a heterogeneous network in which different types of network entities 105 use the same or different radio access technologies to provide coverage for various coverage areas 110.

[0080] The wireless communication system 100 can support synchronous or asynchronous operation. For synchronous operation, network entities 105 (e.g., base station 140) can have similar frame timings, and transmissions from different network entities 105 can be approximately time-aligned. For asynchronous operation, network entities 105 can have different frame timings, and in some examples, transmissions from different network entities 105 may not be time-aligned. The techniques described herein can be used for both synchronous and asynchronous operation.

[0081] Some UE 115s (such as MTC or IoT devices) can be low-cost or low-complexity devices and can provide automated communication between machines (e.g., via machine-to-machine (M2M) communication). M2M communication or MTC can refer to data communication technologies that allow devices to communicate with each other or with network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140) without human intervention. In some examples, M2M communication or MTC may include communication from devices with integrated sensors or meters to measure or acquire information and relay such information to a central server or application that uses the information or presents it to people interacting with the application. Some UE 115s may be designed to collect information or enable automated behavior of machines or other devices. Examples of applications for MTC devices include: smart metering, inventory monitoring, water level monitoring, equipment monitoring, healthcare monitoring, wildlife monitoring, weather and geographic event monitoring, queue management and tracking, remote security sensing, physical access control, and transaction-based commercial charging.

[0082] Some UE 115s can be configured to operate in a power-saving mode, such as half-duplex communication (e.g., a mode that supports unidirectional communication via transmission or reception but not concurrent transmission and reception). In some examples, half-duplex communication can be performed at a reduced peak rate. Other power-saving techniques for UE 115s include entering a power-saving deep sleep mode when not engaged in active communication, operating with limited bandwidth (e.g., according to narrowband communication), or a combination of these techniques. For example, some UE 115s can be configured to operate using a narrowband protocol type associated with a defined portion or range (e.g., a set of subcarriers or resource blocks (RBs)) within a carrier, within a carrier's guard band, or outside a carrier.

[0083] Wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable communication or low-latency communication, or various combinations thereof. For example, wireless communication system 100 may be configured to support ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC). UE 115 may be designed to support ultra-reliable or low-latency or critical functions. Ultra-reliable communication may include private or group communication and may be supported by one or more services, such as push-to-talk, video, or data. Support for ultra-reliable, low-latency functions may include prioritization of services, and such services may be used for public safety or general business applications. The terms “ultra-reliable,” “low-latency,” and “ultra-reliable low-latency” are used interchangeably herein.

[0084] In some examples, UE 115 may be configured to support direct communication with other UE 115s via device-to-device (D2D) communication link 135 (e.g., according to peer-to-peer (P2P), D2D, or sidelink protocols). In some examples, one or more UE 115s performing D2D communication in a group may be within the coverage area 110 of network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170), which may support aspects of such D2D communication configured (e.g., scheduled by network entity 105). In some examples, one or more UE 115s in such a group may be outside the coverage area 110 of network entity 105, or may otherwise be unable or not configured to receive transmissions from network entity 105. In some examples, the group of UE 115s communicating via D2D communication may support a one-to-many (1:M) system, where each UE 115 transmits to each of the other UE 115s in the group. In some examples, network entity 105 may facilitate the scheduling of resources used for D2D communication. In other examples, D2D communication may be performed between UEs 115 without involving network entity 105.

[0085] In some systems, the D2D communication link 135 may be an example of a communication channel (such as a sidelink communication channel) between vehicles (e.g., UE 115). In some examples, vehicles may communicate using vehicle-to-vehicle (V2X) communication, vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, or a combination of these. Vehicles may signal information related to traffic conditions, signal control, weather, safety, emergencies, or any other information relevant to the V2X system. In some examples, vehicles in a V2X system may communicate with roadside infrastructure (such as roadside units), or communicate with the network via one or more network nodes (e.g., network entity 105, base station 140, RU 170) using vehicle-to-network (V2N) communication, or both.

[0086] Core network 130 provides user authentication, access authorization, tracking, Internet Protocol (IP) connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. Core network 130 can be an evolved packet core (EPC) or a 5G core (5GC), which may include at least one control plane entity (e.g., a Mobility Management Entity (MME), Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF)) for managing access and mobility, and at least one user plane entity (e.g., a Serving Gateway (S-GW), Packet Data Network (PDN) Gateway (P-GW), or User Plane Function (UPF)) for routing packets or interconnecting to external networks. The control plane entity manages non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management of UE 115 served by network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140) associated with core network 130. User IP packets can be delivered through the user plane entity, which provides IP address allocation and other functions. The user plane entity may connect to one or more network operator IP services 150. IP services 150 may include access to the Internet, intranets, IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), or packet-switched streaming services.

[0087] Wireless communication system 100 can operate using one or more frequency bands in the range of 300 MHz to 300 GHz. Generally, the area from 300 MHz to 3 GHz is referred to as the Ultra High Frequency (UHF) band or decimeter band because the wavelength range is approximately one decimeter to one meter in length. UHF waves may be blocked or redirected by buildings and environmental features (which may be referred to as clusters), but these waves are sufficient to penetrate structures so that macrocells can provide service to UE 115 located indoors. Compared to communication using smaller frequencies and longer wavelengths in the lower frequency (HF) or very high frequency (VHF) portions of the spectrum below 300 MHz, communication using UHF waves can be associated with smaller antennas and shorter ranges (e.g., less than 100 km).

[0088] The wireless communication system 100 can also operate in the Ultra High Frequency (SHF) band (also known as the centimeter band) in the range of 3 GHz to 30 GHz or in the Extremely High Frequency (EHF) band (e.g., 30 GHz to 300 GHz) (also known as the millimeter band) using the spectrum. In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 can support millimeter-wave (mmW) communication between the UE 115 and the network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU170), and the EHF antennas of the corresponding devices can be smaller and more closely spaced than UHF antennas. In some examples, such techniques facilitate the use of antenna arrays within the device. However, compared to SHF or UHF transmission, EHF transmission may experience even greater attenuation and a shorter range. The techniques disclosed herein can be adopted for transmission across one or more different frequency bands, and the frequency band usage specified across these frequency bands may vary by country or regulatory authority.

[0089] Wireless communication system 100 may utilize both licensed and unlicensed RF spectrum bands. For example, wireless communication system 100 may use unlicensed bands (such as the 5 GHz Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) band) to employ Licensed Assisted Access (LAA), LTE Unlicensed (LTE-U) radio access technology, or NR technology. When operating with unlicensed RF spectrum, devices such as network entity 105 and UE 115 may employ carrier sensing for collision detection and avoidance. In some examples, operation using unlicensed bands may be combined with component carriers operating with licensed bands based on carrier aggregation configurations (e.g., LAA). Operation using unlicensed spectrum may include downlink transmission, uplink transmission, P2P transmission, or D2D transmission, etc.

[0090] Network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170) or UE 115 may be equipped with multiple antennas that can be used to employ techniques such as transmit diversity, receive diversity, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication, or beamforming. The antennas of network entity 105 or UE 115 may be located within one or more antenna arrays or antenna panels, which can support MIMO operation or transmit or receive beamforming. For example, one or more base station antennas or antenna arrays may be co-located at an antenna assembly (such as an antenna tower). In some examples, the antennas or antenna arrays associated with network entity 105 may be located at different geographical locations. Network entity 105 may include an antenna array having a collection of multiple rows and columns of antenna ports that network entity 105 can use to support beamforming for communication with UE 115. Similarly, UE 115 may include one or more antenna arrays that can support various MIMO or beamforming operations. Additionally or alternatively, the antenna panel may support RF beamforming for signals transmitted via the antenna ports.

[0091] Network entity 105 or UE 115 can use MIMO communication to leverage multipath signal propagation and improve spectral efficiency by transmitting or receiving multiple signals via different spatial layers. This technique is known as spatial multiplexing. The multiple signals can be transmitted, for example, by a transmitting device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Similarly, the multiple signals can be received by a receiving device via different antennas or different combinations of antennas. Each of the multiple signals can be referred to as a separate spatial stream and can carry information associated with the same data stream (e.g., the same codeword) or different data streams (e.g., different codewords). Different spatial layers can be associated with different antenna ports used for channel measurement and reporting. MIMO techniques include: single-user MIMO (SU-MIMO), where multiple spatial layers are transmitted to the same receiving device; and multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO), where multiple spatial layers are transmitted to multiple devices.

[0092] Beamforming (also known as spatial filtering, directional transmission, or directional reception) is a signal processing technique that can be used at a transmitting or receiving device (e.g., network entity 105, UE 115) to shape or guide an antenna beam (e.g., a transmit beam, a receive beam) along a spatial path between the transmitting and receiving devices. Beamforming can be achieved by combining signals transmitted via antenna elements of an antenna array such that some signals propagating along a specific orientation relative to the antenna array experience constructive interference, while other signals experience destructive interference. Adjustments to the signals transmitted via the antenna elements may include applying amplitude shifts, phase shifts, or both to the signals carried via the antenna elements associated with the device. The adjustments associated with each of these antenna elements may be defined by a beamforming weight set associated with a specific orientation (e.g., relative to the antenna array of the transmitting or receiving device or relative to some other orientation).

[0093] Network entity 105 or UE 115 may use beam scanning technology as part of beamforming operations. For example, network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170) may use multiple antennas or antenna arrays (e.g., antenna panels) to perform beamforming operations for directional communication with UE 115. Some signals (e.g., synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) may be transmitted multiple times by network entity 105 along different directions. For example, network entity 105 may transmit signals according to different beamforming weight sets associated with different transmission directions. Transmission along different beam directions may be used to identify (e.g., by a transmitting device (such as network entity 105) or by a receiving device (such as UE 115)) the beam direction for later transmission or reception by network entity 105.

[0094] Some signals (such as data signals associated with a specific receiving device) may be transmitted by a transmitting device (e.g., transmitting network entity 105, transmitting UE 115) along a single beam direction (e.g., the direction associated with the receiving device (such as receiving network entity 105 or receiving UE 115). In some examples, the beam direction associated with transmission along a single beam direction may be determined based on the signals transmitted along one or more beam directions. For example, UE 115 may receive one or more signals transmitted by network entity 105 along different directions and may report to network entity 105 an indication of signals received by UE 115 with the highest signal quality or other acceptable signal quality.

[0095] In some examples, transmissions performed by a device (e.g., network entity 105 or UE 115) may be performed using multiple beam directions, and the device may use a combination of digital pre-decoding or beamforming to generate a combined beam for transmission (e.g., from network entity 105 to UE 115). UE 115 may report feedback indicating pre-decoding weights for one or more beam directions, and this feedback may correspond to a set of beams configured across the system bandwidth or one or more sub-bands. Network entity 105 may transmit reference signals (e.g., cell-specific reference signals (CRS), channel state information reference signals (CSI-RS)) that may or may not be pre-decoded. UE 115 may provide feedback for beam selection, which may be a pre-decoding matrix indicator (PMI) or codebook-based feedback (e.g., multi-panel codebook, linear combination codebook, port selection codebook). Although these techniques are described with reference to signals transmitted by network entity 105 (e.g., base station 140, RU 170) along one or more directions, UE 115 may use similar techniques to transmit signals multiple times along different directions (e.g., to identify the beam direction used by UE 115 for subsequent transmission or reception), or to transmit signals along a single direction (e.g., to transmit data to a receiving device).

[0096] A receiving device (e.g., UE 115) may perform reception operations according to multiple reception configurations (e.g., directional listening) when receiving various signals (such as synchronization signals, reference signals, beam selection signals, or other control signals) from a transmitting device (e.g., network entity 105). For example, the receiving device may perform reception according to multiple reception directions by: receiving via different antenna subarrays; processing the received signal according to different antenna subarrays; receiving according to different sets of reception beamforming weights (e.g., different directional listening weight sets) applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of the antenna array; or processing the received signal according to different sets of reception beamforming weights applied to signals received at multiple antenna elements of the antenna array. Any of these operations may be referred to as “listening” according to different reception configurations or reception directions. In some examples, the receiving device may use a single reception configuration to receive along a single beam direction (e.g., when a data signal is received). A single receiver configuration can be aligned along a beam direction determined based on listening according to different receiver configuration directions (e.g., a beam direction determined to have the highest signal strength, highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), or other acceptable signal quality based on listening according to multiple beam directions).

[0097] The wireless communication system 100 can be a packet-based network operating according to a layered protocol stack. In the user plane, communication at the bearer or PDCP layer can be IP-based. The RLC layer performs packet segmentation and reassembly for transmission via logical channels. The MAC layer performs priority handling and multiplexing of logical channels to transport channels. The MAC layer can also use error detection, error correction, or both to support retransmissions to improve link efficiency. In the control plane, the RRC layer provides the establishment, configuration, and maintenance of RRC connections between the UE 115 and network entity 105 or core network 130 that support user plane data radio bearers. The PHY layer maps transport channels to physical channels.

[0098] UE 115 and network entity 105 can support data retransmission to increase the likelihood of successful data reception. Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) feedback is a technique used to increase the likelihood of correctly receiving data via communication links (e.g., communication link 125, D2D communication link 135). HARQ may include a combination of error detection (e.g., using Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)), forward error correction (FEC), and retransmission (e.g., Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ)). HARQ can improve throughput at the MAC layer under poor radio conditions (e.g., low signal-to-noise ratio conditions). In some examples, the device may support same-slot HARQ feedback, in which case the device can provide HARQ feedback in a specific time slot for data received via a previous symbol in that time slot. In some other examples, the device may provide HARQ feedback in subsequent time slots or according to a different time interval.

[0099] In some examples, the wireless communication system 100 may support 5G communication to provide high-speed, low-latency, and highly reliable wireless connectivity, which may be particularly important for XR devices and cloud computing services (e.g., cloud-based gaming). XR data may include VR data, AR data, MR data, and other types of data that can be associated with highly reliable and low-latency transmission. Therefore, XR devices may have stringent system requirements regarding data rates, latency, and power consumption. In some cases, measurement gaps may be configured for XR devices (e.g., UE 115) to operate in multi-frequency cellular networks. During measurement gaps, the XR device may perform measurements on cells of different frequencies. However, because measurement gaps have a higher priority than normal data traffic, the XR device may not receive any data traffic from its current serving cell while performing measurements on cells of different frequencies. Therefore, this measurement gap configuration may increase the latency of the wireless communication system, making it difficult for the wireless communication system to meet the system requirements of the XR device.

[0100] Therefore, UE 115 (e.g., UE 115 may be an XR device) can receive instructions from serving network entity 105 to predict signal quality measurements of neighboring network entity 105 using sensing information or sensing procedures. UE 115 can then send a measurement report to serving network entity 105 including the predicted signal quality measurements. In some cases, these instructions may instruct UE 115 whether it should cancel, skip, or change the measurement gap. Furthermore, since XR devices may have a variety of different sensors, UE 115 can perform sensing procedures within the environment to obtain sensing information about the cell, thereby estimating the cell's signal quality. By performing sensing procedures to determine whether to cancel, skip, or change the measurement gap configuration, UE 115 can be able to send data messages during a portion of the time previously allocated to the measurement gap. Therefore, UE 115 can communicate with serving network entity 105 while also providing signal quality measurements of neighboring network entity 105, thus reducing communication latency in wireless communication system 100.

[0101] In one example, UE 115 may determine to cancel the measurement gap configuration based on sensing information, and UE 115 may use the sensing information to provide measurement values ​​that will be obtained within the measurement gap. In such examples, UE 115 can avoid having to prioritize measurement gaps over data transmission, thereby ensuring reduced latency in data transmission. In another example, UE 115 may be configured using a set of measurement gaps, and UE 115 may determine, based on sensing information, to send signaling to serving network entity 105 instructing UE 115 to skip one of the measurement gaps to prioritize data transmission or data reception. For example, UE 115 may perform measurements in a first measurement gap and then determine that the sensing information may be accurate enough to provide a signal quality measurement prediction. Therefore, UE 115 may skip a second measurement gap and transmit or receive data during that second measurement gap, while using the sensing information to generate a signal quality measurement prediction, thereby helping to reduce latency in the wireless communication system 100. In some other examples, UE 115 may send signaling to serving network entity 105 to adjust or change the configuration of the measurement gaps based on sensing information. For example, UE 115 can determine, based on sensing information, that it can perform measurements less frequently, and UE 115 can signal changes to parameters of the measurement interval (such as the periodicity of the measurement interval). Therefore, the time between measurement intervals can be longer, and UE 115 can be able to send or receive additional data transmissions to further reduce the latency of the wireless communication system 100.

[0102] Based on whether UE 115 cancels, skips, or changes the measurement gap, UE 115 can send a measurement report to the network entity 105 serving UE 115 (e.g., serving network entity 105), which indicates one or more signal quality measurements based on perception information by neighboring network entities 105. Therefore, by canceling the measurement gap configuration, skipping configured measurement gaps, or adjusting the measurement gap configuration, the latency of the wireless communication system caused by the measurement gap can be reduced because the UE can prioritize data transmission and reception, thereby further improving support for wireless devices (such as XR devices) and data throughput within the wireless communication system 100.

[0103] Figure 2 Examples of a wireless communication system 200 supporting techniques for implementing enhanced measurement gaps using a sensing process, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, are shown. In some examples, the wireless communication system 200 may implement or be implemented by the wireless communication system 100. For example, the wireless communication system 200 may include a UE 115-a, network entity 105-a, network entity 105-b, and a server 205 located within a cloud 210, which may be referenced herein. Figure 1 Examples of the described devices. UE 115-a can communicate with network entity 105-a via uplink communication link 215 and downlink communication link 220. Network entity 105-a can communicate with server 205 and cloud 210 via communication link 225, and network entity 105-b can communicate with UE 115-a via communication link 230. In some examples, uplink communication link 215, downlink communication link 220, communication link 225, and communication link 230 may be referenced herein. Figure 1 Examples of Uu links, side links, backhaul links, D2D links, or certain other types of communication links 125 as described.

[0104] In some examples, the wireless communication system 200 may support 5G communication, which provides high-speed, low-latency, and highly reliable wireless connectivity. Such wireless connectivity enables the wireless communication system 200 to support immersive XR multimedia and cloud computing services via the cloud 210 (e.g., AR glasses, VR head-mounted displays (HMDs), cloud gaming, and cloud AI). In some cases, the wireless communication system 200 may support a split-architecture XR architecture, in which XR computing can be split between the XR device (e.g., UE 115-a or network entity 105-a) and an XR server (e.g., server 205) located within the cloud 210, with network entity 105-a communicating with the XR server via communication link 225. For example, for cloud-based gaming (e.g., via cloud 210), server 205 within cloud 210 can perform video rendering for the video game to reduce the computational resource and power consumption of the XR device. Furthermore, the described XR devices and cloud computing applications may have stringent system constraints, including data rate requirements, latency requirements, and power consumption requirements. For example, XR devices may be specified to transmit 99% of XR traffic within a packet delay budget (PDB) time limit (e.g., 10 milliseconds (ms)).

[0105] In some cases, an XR device (e.g., UE 115-a) may be located within a multi-frequency cellular network. To enable UE 115-a to be located within a multi-frequency cellular network, network entity 105-a may configure UE 115-a with a set of Radio Resource Management (RRM) measurement gaps 245 (e.g., measurement gap 245-a, measurement gap 245-b, and measurement gap 245-c). During the configured measurement gaps 245, UE 115-a may be unable to receive any data from network entity 105-a via downlink communication link 220, and may be unable to send any data to the network entity via uplink communication link 215. Therefore, the measurement gap 245 configuration may increase packet latency for real-time multimedia traffic between UE 115-a and network entity 105-a via uplink communication link 215 and downlink communication link 220. Therefore, improvements to measurement gap 245 can enhance the user experience of XR applications.

[0106] During measurement gaps, UE 115-a can use different frequencies to measure one or more neighboring cells (e.g., neighboring network entities 105, network entity 105-b) and other carrier components. However, most UE 115s (e.g., such as UE 115-a) can be equipped with a single RF module to reduce manufacturing costs and form factor. Therefore, UE 115-a may not be able to perform inter-frequency measurements while maintaining data traffic with the serving cell (e.g., network entity 105-a). Therefore, UE 115-a can use measurement gap 245, and UE 115-a can suspend communication with network entity 105-a to perform one or more inter-frequency neighboring cell measurements or one or more inter-RAT measurements during the time period of measurement gap 245. During the corresponding measurement gap 245, UE 115-a can receive downlink transmissions (e.g., synchronization signal blocks (SSBs)) from network entity 105-b via communication link 230, and UE 115-a can measure the SSBs. Therefore, although UE 115-a can measure SSB from network entity 105-b, UE 115-a may not be able to receive any signal from network entity 105-a via downlink communication link 220 or send any signal to network entity 105-a via uplink communication link 215 during the measurement gap 245 period (e.g., a 40ms period).

[0107] In some examples, UE 115-a may use measurement gap 245 when it is preparing to perform inter-frequency handover or inter-RAT handover. Furthermore, when SSB may not be utilized to configure an active BWP, network entity 105-a may configure measurement gaps for UE 115-a for inter-frequency measurements, inter-RAT measurements, beam measurements, or any combination thereof. Therefore, during measurement gap 245, UE 115-a may measure the target frequency of network entity 105-b to perform inter-frequency handover or inter-RAT handover. Additionally, UE 115-a may temporarily suspend communication with the serving cell (e.g., network entity 105-a) during measurement gap 245 to measure inter-frequency connections of network entity 105-b. In other words, UE 115-a may be unable to transmit Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH), Sound Reference Signal (SRS), or Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) during measurement gap 245, or receive Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) or Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH) transmissions, except for transmission and reception activities related to the Random Access Channel (RACH) procedure. In some cases, UE 115-a may be able to receive CSI-RS during measurement gap 245, but in other cases, UE 115-a may not be able to receive CSI-RS during measurement gap 245.

[0108] In some other examples, UE 115-a may use measurement gap 245 during a frequency range 2 (FR2) UE 115 receive beam search for handover to network entity 105-b (e.g., when network entity 105-b is in the same frequency range as network entity 105-a). While communicating with network entity 105-a, UE 115-a may direct its FR2 UE 115 receive beam toward network entity 105-a. Therefore, during measurement gap 245, UE 115-a may temporarily suspend communication with network entity 105-a and redirect its receive beam to the target cell (e.g., network entity 105-b). In another example, UE 115-a may be configured using an active BWP that may not contain an in-frequency SSB. In such a case, during measurement gap 245, UE 115-a's transceiver may temporarily tune to receive an in-frequency SSB.

[0109] Additionally, UE 115-a can be configured such that measurement gap 245 has a higher priority than data traffic (e.g., PDSCH, PUSCH). In some cases, random access procedures may have a higher priority than both data traffic and measurement gap 245 (e.g., messages 2, 3, 4, A, or B (Msg2 / 3 / 4 / A / B)). Therefore, the priority level of UE 115-a can be configured such that PUSCH for Msg3 / MsgA or PDCCH for Msg2 / Msg4 / MsgB has the highest priority level. Measurement gap 245 may have a second highest priority level, followed by data transmissions (e.g., HARQ, scheduling resources (SR), CSI, SRS, PUSCH, PDCCH, PDSCH). Therefore, during measurement gap 245, the MAC entity of UE 115-a on the serving cell in the corresponding frequency range of measurement gap 245, configured using measurement gap 245 configuration (e.g., measGapConfig), may follow a set of rules. For example, during measurement gap 245, UE 115-a may avoid sending HARQ feedback, SR, or CSI, avoid reporting SRS, and avoid sending on the uplink shared channel (UL-SCH) except for the Msg3 or MsgA payload of the random access procedure. Additionally or alternatively, if a random access response window (e.g., ra-ResponseWindow), a random access contention resolution timer (e.g., ra-ContentionResolutionTimer), or a MsgB response window (e.g., MsgB-ResponseWindow) is configured and operational, UE 115-a may monitor the PDCCH; otherwise, UE 115-a may avoid monitoring the PDCCH and may avoid receiving and transmitting on the downlink shared channel (DL-SCH).

[0110] Furthermore, when the measurement gap 245 is configurable, the maximum peak throughput of UE 115-a can be reduced based on the length of the measurement gap 245. Therefore, in some commercial networks, the measurement gap 245 can be configured when the channel quality of the primary cell (e.g., a cell supported by network entity 105-a) becomes less than a channel quality threshold (e.g., A2 event driver). Thus, the configured measurement gap 245 can interrupt data transmission of multimedia traffic (e.g., traffic bursts 235-a, 235-b, 235-c, or 235-d). For example, the periodicity of the measurement gap 245 may not be aligned with the multimedia periodicity.

[0111] As described herein, because measurement gap 245 may have a higher priority than normal data traffic, UE115-a can avoid receiving any traffic data from network entity 105-a during measurement gap 245 and a set of time periods used to prepare for measurement gap 245 (e.g., PDSCH transmission 240-a, PDSCH transmission 240-b, PDSCH transmission 240-c, or PDSCH transmission 240-d). For example, PDSCH transmission 240-a may experience interruption based on partial overlap with measurement gap 245-a (e.g., illustrated by a box with an "X"). However, in some examples, PDSCH transmission 240-b and PDSCH transmission 240-c may completely overlap with measurement gaps 245-b and 245-c, respectively. Therefore, network entity 105-a may have to spend more time transmitting PDSCH transmission 240-b and PDSCH transmission 240-c, thereby introducing additional latency into the wireless communication system. Therefore, the measurement gap 245 may increase the transmission time of the traffic burst 235, making it difficult for XR devices (e.g., UE 115-a) to meet the PDB requirements of multimedia traffic. Furthermore, prioritizing the measurement gap 245 for XR devices may affect the communication throughput within the wireless communication system 200, as XR devices may have stringent latency requirements (e.g., PDB may be equal to 10 ms). Therefore, the impact of prioritizing the measurement gap and data transmission / reception (e.g., reception of PDSCH transmission 240) may affect UE 115-a's ability to perform mobility handover.

[0112] To improve the use of the measurement gap 245, the UE 115-a (e.g., an XR device) can utilize sensing information. In many applications of XR (e.g., AR / VR devices, cloud computing, cloud gaming), the UE 115-a may have a set of sensors 250 (e.g., inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensors 250, cameras) to construct some form of perception (e.g., cognition) of the environment. For example, using the sensing process via this set of sensors 250 of the UE 115-a, the UE 115-a may be able to determine an accurate estimate of the user's position and six degrees of freedom (6DoF) orientation (e.g., forward / backward (swing), up / down (undulation), left / right (swing), yaw (xy axis), pitch (lateral axis), and roll (vertical axis)). In some cases, the UE 115-a may also be able to determine the user's position and orientation by combining the camera and IMU sensors 250 on the XR device. In another example, UE115-a may use sensor 250 to perform obstruction detection and detect whether a link (e.g., uplink communication link 215, downlink communication link 220, or communication link 230) may be obstructed by an object (e.g., a fixed or static object). UE 115-a may use its camera sensor 250 or a processed version of the camera (e.g., a depth map, a 3D reconstruction of the environment, a spatial map) to perform this type of detection.

[0113] In some cases, UE 115-a can detect stationary objects obstructing the link (e.g., a piece of furniture, a building); however, in other cases, UE 115-a can detect dynamic objects obstructing the link (e.g., a moving person). When a dynamic object is detected obstructing the link, UE 115-a can perform additional tests and predictions to predict how long the dynamic object might obstruct the link. For example, UE 115-a can use previously collected sensing information to determine when the dynamic object might obstruct the link within a set time period, or predict when the dynamic object might obstruct the link next. Furthermore, in some other examples, UE 115-a can perform user mobility and velocity estimation via IMU sensor 250 and the user's 6DoF orientation.

[0114] UE 115-a uses these sensors 250 to generate a spatial map of the environment. In some cases, UE 115-a may be equipped with thermal sensors 250 and a camera, and UE 115-a may generate a spatial (e.g., thermal) map of the environment (e.g., a room in which UE 115-a may be located). The spatial map may correspond to measurements of neighboring network entities at various locations within the environment (e.g., RSRP measurements corresponding to the corresponding physical locations of UE 115-a within the environment). The environment may be, for example, a specific room within a building, or it may be an external environment outside a building corresponding to a specific geographic area or region.

[0115] Therefore, UE 115-a can also perform obstruction detection to determine whether an object is obstructing UE 115-a, thereby causing degradation of the communication link (e.g., uplink communication link 215, downlink communication link 220, or both) between UE 115-a and network entity 105-a. For example, when using mmW communication, if an object is obstructing the communication link (e.g., an obstacle within the line of sight between UE 115-a and network entity 105-a), the wireless communication system 200 may experience reduced efficiency and reliability and increased latency. Therefore, the use of sensing information can enhance the use of measurement gap 245 to ensure that the wireless communication system 200 can provide high-speed, low-latency, and highly reliable wireless connectivity for XR devices. Further description of the use of sensing information can be found elsewhere in this document (including references). Figure 3 and Figure 4 (This is a description of the process.)

[0116] Figure 3 Examples of a wireless communication system 300 supporting techniques for implementing enhanced measurement gaps using a sensing process, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, are shown. In some examples, the wireless communication system 300 may implement or be implemented by wireless communication systems 100 and 200. For example, the wireless communication system 300 may include UE 115-b, network entity 105-c, and network entity 105-d, which may be referenced herein. Figure 1 Examples of the described devices. UE 115-a can communicate with network entity 105-c via downlink communication link 305 and uplink communication link 310, and network entity 105-d can communicate with UE 115-b via downlink communication link 315. In some examples, downlink communication link 305, uplink communication link 310, and downlink communication link 315 can be Uu links, sidelink links, backhaul links, D2D links, or as described herein. Figure 1 An example of another type of communication link 125 as described.

[0117] To enhance the efficiency and reliability of the wireless communication system 300, UE 115-b can use sensing information to determine whether to cancel, skip, or adjust measurement gaps. Such techniques described herein enable dynamic decision-making regarding the use of inter-frequency and intra-frequency measurement gaps for XR devices (e.g., UE 115-b). Therefore, sensing information can result in less throughput interruption within the serving cell (e.g., the cell supported by network entity 105-c), and thereby make the wireless communication system 300 more reliable, which may be necessary for latency-sensitive applications (e.g., XR applications).

[0118] For example, inter-frequency and intra-frequency RRM measurements within a measurement gap (e.g., when the active BWP does not have an SSB) can be cancelled based on perception information. That is, network entity 105-c can avoid configuring measurement gaps, and perception information can provide measurement values ​​via the precise location of UE 115-b and radio frequency maps of multiple cells (e.g., Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) maps, spatial maps). In some examples, inter-frequency and intra-frequency RRM measurements within a measurement gap can be skipped based on perception information. In such examples, network entity 105-c can configure measurement gaps for UE 115-b, and based on perception information, UE 115-b, network entity 105-c, or both can determine or decide whether UE 115-b should perform measurements within the corresponding measurement gap. For example, if perception information indicates that UE 115-b may be stationary or may be moving in a direction with better coverage (e.g., higher signal quality), a measurement gap can be skipped. Additionally or alternatively, parameters for measurement gaps used for inter-frequency and intra-frequency RRM measurements can be adjusted based on sensing information. Such parameters may include the periodicity of the measurement gap (e.g., the frequency at which the measurement gap can be configured) or a threshold for using the measurement gap (e.g., a signal quality threshold). Furthermore, UE 115-b, network entity 105-c, or both may generate sensing information and determine whether measurement gaps should be canceled, skipped, or adjusted.

[0119] In some examples, UE 115-b may send a capability message 320 to network entity 105-c (e.g., serving network entity 105) via uplink communication link 310. Capability message 320 may indicate that UE 115-b is capable of performing awareness-based RRM measurement prediction. Therefore, UE 115-b may share capability message 320 with network entity 105-c during capability exchange. Accordingly, network entity 105-c may configure UE 115-b with a field for performing awareness-based RRM measurements via existing configuration (e.g., sMeasureConfig) or via an information element (IE). This field may instruct UE 115-b to use awareness for RRM measurements (e.g., predicted RRM measurements) instead of using measurement gaps. That is, UE 115-b may determine one or more signal quality measurement predictions for network entity 105-d instead of performing measurements of SSBs transmitted from network entity 105-d via downlink communication link 315 during measurement gaps.

[0120] After UE 115-b sends capability message 320, network entity 105-c enables UE 115-b to use sensing information to predict signal quality measurements of network entity 105-d. In some examples, network entity 105-c may send such enable messages to UE 115-b based on IE and via RRC or MAC-CE messages. Therefore, network entity 105-c can avoid configuring measurement gaps (e.g., since UE 115-b may rely on sensing information to predict signal quality measurements, measurement gaps can be cancelled). Therefore, when measurement gaps are not configured, there may be no interruption in data transmission due to measurement gaps (e.g., downlink data transmission 325 and uplink data transmission 330).

[0121] In such an example, network entity 105-c may send control signaling 335, which instructs UE 115-b to use perceived information sensed by UE 115-b to predict signal quality measurements of network entity 105-d (e.g., neighboring network entity 105). UE 115-b may, as referenced... Figure 2The described set of sensing procedures utilizes sensor 340 to sense perceived information. Within control signaling 335, UE 115-b can be instructed to ignore any measurement gaps configured for a communication frequency or carrier. For example, a set of measurement gaps can be configured for UE 115-b before UE 115-b, network entity 105-c, or both determine, based on perceived information, that a measurement gap should be cancelled, and control signaling 335 can instruct UE 115-b to ignore the configured measurement gaps. Furthermore, even if UE 115-b may not perform signal quality measurements during a measurement gap, UE 115-b may still be expected to send a measurement report. In such cases, the measurement report can instead be based on perceived information. Additionally, a handover of UE 115-b from network entity 105-c to network entity 105-d can be triggered without using measurement gaps to measure network entity 105-d, and the handover can instead be triggered based on perceived information indicated in the measurement report.

[0122] In some cases, to support the prediction of signal quality measurements for network entity 105-d, spatial maps can be created for the signal quality (e.g., RSRP, Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ), or any other signal quality metric, based on the geographic location of UE 115-b within the environment) of different cells (e.g., primary and secondary cells) supported by different network entities 105 (e.g., network entity 105-d). In some examples, UE 115-b can use machine learning (ML) methods and models that map location, pose, and other environmental information (e.g., via camera frames) to signal quality (e.g., RSRP, RSRQ, etc.). Therefore, UE 115-b can train and generate an ML model to produce one or more spatial maps. Training may involve UE 115-b taking measurements within the environment to train the ML model, thereby predicting measurements based on the current location of UE 115-b within the environment.

[0123] Furthermore, UE 115-b can use spatial maps and ML models to estimate and predict the signal quality of different cells supported by different network entities (e.g., cells supported by network entity 105-d) in a given area. Using signal quality measurement predictions from spatial maps and ML models, UE 115-b can help network entity 105-c determine whether to transfer UE 115-b from network entity 105-c (e.g., serving network entity 105) to network entity 105-d (e.g., neighboring network entity 105).

[0124] In some examples, the spatial map may represent a map of the environment (e.g., a room) in which the user may be using the XR device. In some cases, the spatial map, ML model, or both can be trained using perceived accurate positioning output (e.g., 6DoF positioning of the XR device). Furthermore, UE 115-b may store a set of spatial maps for a set of environments and based on the user's (e.g., UE 115-b's) location (e.g., the location of the XR device). That is, UE 115-b can use an ML model to generate multiple spatial maps for multiple different environments. Therefore, when the user leaves the first environment and enters the second environment, UE 115-b can load the spatial map of the second environment if it has a spatial map stored for the second environment (instead of having to retrain UE 115-b using the spatial map of the second environment). Additionally or alternatively, UE 115-b, network entity 105-c, or both may store this set of spatial maps for UE 115-b to load.

[0125] In some examples, it can also be based on changes in the corresponding environment detected via perceptual information (e.g., reference). Figure 2 The described obstruction detection updates or fine-tunes the spatial map online. In some other examples, a trained spatial map may not exist, and UE 115-b may be able to perform signal quality measurement prediction via a sensing process (e.g., via perception). Therefore, network entity 105-c may configure a set of measurement gaps for UE 115-b and instruct UE 115-b to perform signal quality measurements via control signaling 335 until UE 115-b generates a spatial map of the current environment. Once generated, UE 115-b may send a message to network entity 105-c indicating that the spatial map is ready and UE 115-b can switch to perception-based signal quality measurements (e.g., signal quality measurement prediction). In some cases, UE 115-b may send the message to network entity 105-c via an uplink control information (UCI) message or via a UE assistance information (UAI) message. Additionally or alternatively, when signal quality measurement predictions fall below a signal quality threshold and perceived information may no longer be reliable, UE 115-b may use measurement gaps to update the spatial map.

[0126] Furthermore, in some examples, network entity 105-c may configure UE 115-b with an IE (e.g., IE RRMPerception) for sensing using sensing-based measurements, and may send control signaling 335 to instruct UE 115-b to perform signal quality measurements of network entity 105-d using both measurement gaps and sensing information. Therefore, even if the priority of the measurement gap is higher than that of data reception (e.g., receiving downlink data transmission 325) and data transmission (e.g., transmitting uplink data transmission 330), UE 115-b may be able to securely prioritize data transmission and reception based on UE 115-b being configured to use sensing information and measurement gaps for signal quality measurements. That is, when data transmission / reception overlaps with a measurement gap, UE 115-b may be able to prioritize data transmission / reception and perform data transmission instead of measurement during the measurement gap without affecting the wireless communication system 300.

[0127] For example, in the uplink, when a PUSCH overlaps with a measurement gap, UE 115-b can be configured to use already used sensing information instead of the measurement gap. Therefore, UE 115-b can prioritize PUSCH transmissions (e.g., transmissions for uplink data transmission 330) over measurement gaps. For example, UE 115-b may have PUSCH transmissions scheduled within a measurement gap, or UE 115-b may be requesting resources using a scheduling request (SR), and the SR may be marked within the measurement gap. In such examples, network entity 105-c can allocate dynamically granted PUSCHs (DG-PUSCH) within the measurement gap because UE 115-b can use sensing information to perform signal quality measurement predictions instead of performing signal quality measurements within the measurement gap.

[0128] In the downlink, in some cases, the PDCCH may be outside the measurement gap, but the PDSCH may be inside. For example, UE 115-b may receive downlink control information (DCI) and a positive offset value (e.g., k0 offset > 0), and the PDSCH may conflict with the measurement gap, or the downlink traffic may be periodic and packets may be expected on semi-persistent scheduling (SPS). In such examples, UE 115-b may be able to prioritize the reception of PDSCH or downlink traffic (e.g., the reception of downlink data transmission 325) over the measurement gap. Furthermore, when UE 115-b prioritizes the reception of downlink data transmission 325, UE 115-b may signal to network entity 105-c that UE 115-b can skip the upcoming measurement gap. In some cases, UE 115-b may send such a signal via a UCI message or a UAI message. If UE 115-b does signal to network entity 105-c that it will skip the upcoming measurement gap and prioritize receiving downlink data transmission 325, then network entity 105-c may schedule the corresponding PDSCH. Otherwise, if UE 115-b determines to use the measurement gap and measure the signal quality of network entity 105-d, then network entity 105-b may reserve the resources associated with the PDSCH for another time. Additionally or alternatively, the transmission of PDCCH may conflict with the measurement gap. Therefore, if UE 115-b determines to receive PDCCH, UE 115-b may (e.g., via a UCI message or a UAI message) signal to network entity 105-c that it will skip the upcoming measurement gap. When UE 115-b signals to network entity 105-c that the upcoming measurement gap will be skipped, network entity 105-c may schedule the transmission of PDCCH. Otherwise, network entity 105-c may save resources to be used later.

[0129] Additionally or alternatively, UE 115-b may adjust or change the configuration of the measurement gap, which is configured for UE 115-b by network entity 105-c for inter-frequency and intra-frequency signal quality measurements (e.g., RRM measurements). For example, network entity 105-c may configure UE 115-b with a signal quality threshold (e.g., RSRP / RSRQ threshold). UE 115-b may be configured such that if the signal quality of network entity 105-d is higher than the signal quality threshold, UE 115-b may autonomously reduce the measurement gap periodicity. In some cases, UE 115-b may send a request message to network entity 105-c using a UCI message, UAI message, or MAC-CE message to request or suggest reducing the measurement gap periodicity, rather than autonomously reducing it.

[0130] Furthermore, in some examples, when UE 115-b is using sensing information to perform signal quality measurement predictions for network entity 105-c, UE 115-b may detect that the sensing quality of the sensing information may be degrading or may have already degraded. For example, the signal quality measurement predicted based on the sensing information may be below a signal quality threshold (e.g., the signal quality measurement prediction may fail to meet the signal quality threshold). Therefore, UE 115-b may indicate to network entity 105-c via uplink signaling (e.g., UCI / MAC-CE / RRC messages) that the measurement gap may need to be reconfigured. For example, UE 115-b may have previously deconfigured the measurement gap based on the sensing information; however, if the sensing quality of the sensing information begins to degrade, UE 115-b may retrain the spatial graph, ML model, or both of the environment.

[0131] To retrain the spatial graph, ML model, or both of the environment, UE 115-b can perform signal quality measurements on network entity 105-d using a reconfigured measurement gap configuration until UE 115-b is confident that the signal quality measurement prediction will meet or exceed a signal quality threshold. For example, UE 115-b may generate a confidence score for the spatial graph, ML model, or both after each corresponding measurement gap. The confidence score can be a value between 0 and 1, where a value of 1 indicates that the spatial graph or ML model can be 100% accurate. In some cases, UE 115-b may continue performing measurements during the measurement gap until the confidence score of the spatial graph, ML model, or both meets or exceeds a confidence score threshold. In other cases, UE 115-b may continue performing measurements during the measurement gap until UE 115-b is able to predict signal quality measurements of network entity 105-d that are above a signal quality threshold.

[0132] Additionally, UE 115-b can send auxiliary information (e.g., position, attitude, velocity) from sensor 340 to network entity 105-c. Therefore, network entity 105-c can determine whether to configure a set of measurement gaps for UE 115-b or whether to adjust measurement gap parameters (e.g., the periodicity of the measurement gaps). Alternatively or additionally, inter-frequency cell handover can be spatially predicted rather than reactive. That is, network entity 105-c, UE 115-b, or both can predict which network entity 105 UE 115-b should be handed over to. Furthermore, to predict the handover, network entity 105-c, UE 115-b, or both can predict the user's (e.g., UE 115-b) position in a given time frame (e.g., the next x-ms). Therefore, the prediction of the network entity 105 to which UE 115-b should be handed over based on the predicted position can be spatial.

[0133] Use this article as a reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The techniques described in this disclosure allow UE 115-b to use sensed information to enhance the efficiency and reliability of the wireless communication system 300. Additionally or alternatively, the techniques of this disclosure can be used for radio link measurements (RLM) targeting Frequency Range 2 (FR2), multiple Universal Subscriber Identity Module (MUSIM) gaps, location gaps, cross-link interference, or any combination thereof, where UE 115-b can use sensed information instead of performing the measurement. Further descriptions of the techniques of this disclosure can be found elsewhere herein (including references). Figure 4 (This is a description of the process.)

[0134] Figure 4 Examples of a process flow 400 supporting one or more aspects of this disclosure for implementing enhanced measurement gaps using a sensing process are shown. In some examples, process flow 400 may implement, or be implemented by, wireless communication system 100, wireless communication system 200, and / or wireless communication system 300. For example, process flow 400 may include UE 115-c, network entity 105-e, and network entity 105-f, which may be referenced herein. Figure 1 An example of the device described.

[0135] In the following description of process flow 400, the operations between UE 115-c, network entity 105-e, and network entity 105-f may be performed in different order or at different times. Some operations may also be excluded from process flow 400, or other operations may be added. Although UE 115-c, network entity 105-e, and network entity 105-f are shown as performing operations of process flow 400, some aspects of some operations may also be performed by one or more other wireless devices.

[0136] At 405, UE 115-c may send a capability message to network entity 105-e, indicating the ability to predict signal quality measurements using sensing information sensed by the UE. In some cases, at 410, UE 115-c may then receive from network entity 105-e (e.g., serving network entity 105) an indication of the configuration of a set of measurement gaps for performing signal quality measurements on network entity 105-f (e.g., neighboring network entity 105). In some cases, UE 115-c may send a request message to network entity 105-e to change the periodicity of the measurement gaps within that set of measurement gaps. Thus, UE 115-c may receive from network entity 105-e an updated configuration of that set of measurement gaps, based on the change in periodicity indicated via the request message.

[0137] At 415, UE 115-c may receive control signaling from network entity 105-e, which instructs UE 115-c to use the sensing information sensed by UE 115-c to predict signal quality measurements of neighboring network entities. In some cases, UE 115-c may receive the control signaling based on sending the capability message to network entity 105-e at 405. In some examples, the control signaling may instruct UE 115-c to perform measurements on network entity 105-f during measurement gaps (e.g., measurements for the set of measurement gaps configured at 410) and use the sensing information to predict signal quality measurements of network entity 105-f.

[0138] Furthermore, in some cases, UE 115-c may send a message to network entity 105-e instructing the UE to skip performing measurements during the measurement gap. Therefore, the control signaling instructing the UE to use the sensing information sensed by UE 115-c to predict the signal quality measurement of network entity 105-f may be sent based on UE 115-c. Additionally or alternatively, UE 115-c may then receive data messages from network entity 105-e during the measurement gap.

[0139] At 420, network entity 105-f (e.g., neighboring network entity 105) may send one or more synchronization signals (e.g., SSBs) to UE 115-c during the measurement interval. In some examples, UE 115-c may measure the one or more synchronization signals received from network entity 105-f during this measurement interval. Therefore, at 425, UE 115-c may measure the signal quality of network entity 105-f for measurement reporting.

[0140] In some other examples, UE 115-c may determine to avoid measuring the one or more synchronization signals, and at 425, UE 115-c may use the sensing information sensed by UE 115-c to predict signal quality measurements of network entity 105-e. For example, UE 115-c may skip performing signal quality measurements of network entity 105-f during at least one measurement interval in the set of measurement intervals configured at 410. Therefore, at 425, UE 115-c may use the sensing information sensed by UE 115-c to predict signal quality measurements of network entity 105-f during at least one measurement interval in the set of measurement intervals. In some cases, UE 115-c may receive a control message from network entity 105-e indicating a signal quality threshold. Therefore, UE 115-c may send a request message to change the periodicity of the measurement interval within the set of measurement intervals configured at 410 based on the signal quality measurement performed at 425 satisfying the signal quality threshold. Additionally or alternatively, UE115-c may send a request message to change the periodicity of the measurement gap within the set of measurement gaps based on a signal quality measurement prediction performed at 425 that fails to meet the signal quality threshold.

[0141] In some cases, the signal quality measurement prediction performed at 425 may be based on a spatial map of the environment at UE 115-c. In some examples, UE 115-c may generate the spatial map of the environment by performing signal quality measurements during a set of measurement intervals. UE 115-c may then send a message to network entity 105-e indicating that the spatial map of the environment has been generated. Therefore, UE 115-c may receive the control signaling at 415 based on the message indicating that the spatial map of the environment has been generated. Furthermore, an ML model may be used to generate the spatial map of the environment.

[0142] At 430, UE 115-c may send a measurement report to network entity 105-e, which indicates a predicted signal quality measurement for network entity 105-f based on the control signaling received at 415 and the sensing information sensed by UE 115-c. Furthermore, in some cases, the measurement report may instruct UE 115-c to skip performing the measurement on network entity 105-f during a measurement gap, and UE 115-c may send a message to or receive a message from network entity 105-e via the resources of that measurement gap.

[0143] Figure 5A block diagram 500 is shown of an apparatus 505 supporting a technique for implementing enhanced measurement gaps using a sensing process, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure. Apparatus 505 may be an example of various aspects of a UE 115 as described herein. Apparatus 505 may include a receiver 510, a transmitter 515, and a communication manager 520. Apparatus 505, or one or more components of apparatus 505 (e.g., receiver 510, transmitter 515, and communication manager 520), may include at least one processor that may be coupled to at least one memory to individually or jointly support or implement the described techniques. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0144] Receiver 510 may provide components for performing the following actions: receiving information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to techniques for implementing enhanced measurement gaps using sensing processes). The information may be passed to other components of device 505. Receiver 510 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0145] Transmitter 515 may provide components for performing the following actions: transmitting signals generated by other components of device 505. For example, transmitter 515 may transmit information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to techniques for implementing enhanced measurement gaps using sensing processes). In some examples, transmitter 515 may be co-located with receiver 510 in a transceiver module. Transmitter 515 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0146] The communication manager 520, receiver 510, transmitter 515, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof, may be examples of components for various aspects of the techniques for implementing enhanced gap measurement using a sensing process as described herein. For example, the communication manager 520, receiver 510, transmitter 515, or various combinations thereof, or components thereof, may be able to perform one or more of the functions described herein.

[0147] In some examples, the communication manager 520, receiver 510, transmitter 515, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communication management circuitry). The hardware may include at least one of the following: a processor, digital signal processor (DSP), central processing unit (CPU), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field-programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic component, discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof, configured as or otherwise individually or collectively to support components for performing the functions described herein. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled to said at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., instructions stored in at least one memory are executed individually or collectively by one or more processors).

[0148] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 520, receiver 510, transmitter 515, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code (e.g., as communication management software or firmware) executed by at least one processor. If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functionality of the communication manager 520, receiver 510, transmitter 515, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by (e.g., a general-purpose processor, DSP, CPU, ASIC, FPGA, microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices configured, either individually or collectively, as components for performing the functions described in this disclosure).

[0149] In some examples, the communication manager 520 may be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, acquiring, monitoring, outputting, transmitting). For example, the communication manager 520 may receive information from the receiver 510, transmit information to the transmitter 515, or be integrated with the receiver 510, the transmitter 515, or both to acquire information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0150] The communication manager 520 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 520 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing the following actions: receiving control signaling from a serving network entity, the control signaling instructing the UE to use sensing information sensed by the UE to predict signal quality measurements of a neighboring network entity. The communication manager 520 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing the following actions: sending a measurement report to the serving network entity, the measurement report indicating a prediction of signal quality measurements for the neighboring network entity based on the control signaling and the sensing information sensed by the UE.

[0151] By including or configuring a communication manager 520 according to an example as described herein, device 505 (e.g., at least one processor that controls or otherwise couples to receiver 510, transmitter 515, communication manager 520, or a combination thereof) can support techniques for UE 115 to use sensing information to predict signal quality measurements of neighboring network entities 105, in order to reduce processing, reduce power consumption, and utilize communication resources more efficiently.

[0152] Figure 6 A block diagram 600 of an apparatus 605 supporting a technique for implementing enhanced measurement gaps using a sensing process, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Apparatus 605 may be an example of aspects of apparatus 505 or UE 115 as described herein. Apparatus 605 may include a receiver 610, a transmitter 615, and a communication manager 620. Apparatus 605, or one or more components of apparatus 605 (e.g., receiver 610, transmitter 615, and communication manager 620), may include at least one processor that may be coupled to at least one memory to support the described technique. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0153] Receiver 610 may provide components for performing the following actions: receiving information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to techniques for implementing enhanced measurement gaps using sensing processes). The information may be passed to other components of device 605. Receiver 610 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0154] Transmitter 615 may provide components for performing the following actions: transmitting signals generated by other components of device 605. For example, transmitter 615 may transmit information (such as packets, user data, control information, or any combination thereof) associated with various information channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels related to techniques for implementing enhanced measurement gaps using sensing processes). In some examples, transmitter 615 may be co-located with receiver 610 in a transceiver module. Transmitter 615 may utilize a single antenna or a collection of multiple antennas.

[0155] Device 605 or its various components may be examples of parts for performing various aspects of the techniques described herein for achieving enhanced gap measurement using a sensing process. For example, communication manager 620 may include control signaling receiver 625, measurement report transmitter 630, or any combination thereof. Communication manager 620 may be examples of aspects of communication manager 520 as described herein. In some examples, communication manager 620 or its various components may be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with receiver 610, transmitter 615, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, acquiring, monitoring, outputting, transmitting). For example, communication manager 620 may receive information from receiver 610, transmit information to transmitter 615, or be integrated in combination with receiver 610, transmitter 615, or both to acquire information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0156] The communication manager 620 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. The control signaling receiver 625 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing the following actions: receiving control signaling from a serving network entity, the control signaling instructing the UE to use sensing information sensed by the UE to predict signal quality measurements of a neighboring network entity. The measurement report transmitter 630 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing the following actions: sending a measurement report to the serving network entity, the measurement report indicating a prediction of signal quality measurements for the neighboring network entity based on the control signaling and the sensing information sensed by the UE.

[0157] Figure 7 A block diagram 700 of a communication manager 720 supporting a technique for implementing enhanced measurement gaps using a sensing process, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. The communication manager 720 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 520, communication manager 620, or both as described herein. The communication manager 720 or its various components may be examples of parts for performing various aspects of the technique for implementing enhanced measurement gaps using a sensing process, as described herein. For example, the communication manager 720 may include a control signaling receiver 725, a measurement report transmitter 730, a capability message transmitter 735, a message component 740, a data message component 745, a measurement gap configuration component 75040, a space map component 745, a data message component 750, a report transmitter 755, a request message transmitter 760, a space map generator 765, a message transmitter 770, a control message receiver 775, or any combination thereof. Each of these components, or its components or sub-components (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories), may communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0158] The communication manager 720 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. The control signaling receiver 725 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing the following actions: receiving control signaling from a serving network entity, the control signaling instructing the UE to use sensing information sensed by the UE to predict signal quality measurements of a neighboring network entity. The measurement report transmitter 730 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing the following actions: sending a measurement report to the serving network entity, the measurement report indicating a prediction of signal quality measurements for the neighboring network entity based on the control signaling and the sensing information sensed by the UE.

[0159] In some examples, the capability message transmitter 735 is capable of, configured to, or able to operate to support components for performing the following actions: sending a capability message to the serving network entity indicating the capability to predict signal quality measurements using the perception information sensed by the UE, wherein the control signaling may be based on the capability message.

[0160] In some examples, the control signaling receiver 725 is capable of, configured to, or able to operate to support components for performing the following actions: receiving from the serving network entity an instruction for configuring a set of measurement gaps for performing signal quality measurements of the neighboring network entity, wherein the control signaling instructs the UE to use the sensing information to predict the signal quality measurement of the neighboring network entity.

[0161] Instead of performing measurements on the neighboring network entity during the measurement intervals within that set of measurement intervals.

[0162] In some examples, the measurement report transmitter 730 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing the following actions: sending the measurement report to the serving network entity, the measurement report indicating a signal quality measurement prediction based on the overlap of a first resource allocated for transmitting data messages and a second resource allocated for the measurement gap. In some examples, the data message component 750 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing the following actions: transmitting the data message via the first resource.

[0163] In some examples, the report transmitter 755 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing the following actions: sending a report to the serving network entity informing that the UE is skipping measurements during a measurement gap based on the overlap between a first resource allocated for receiving data messages and a second resource allocated for measurement gaps, wherein control signaling instructing the UE to use the sensed information sensed by the UE to predict the signal quality measurement of the neighboring network entity is based on the report. In some examples, the data message component 750 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing the following actions: receiving the data message via the first resource.

[0164] In some examples, the measurement gap configuration component 740 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing the following actions: receiving instructions from the serving network entity for configuring a set of measurement gaps for performing signal quality measurements on the neighboring network entity.

[0165] In some examples, the request message sender 760 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing the following action: sending a request message to the service network entity for changing the periodicity of the measurement gaps within the set of measurement gaps. In some examples, the measurement gap configuration component 740 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing the following action: receiving an updated configuration of the set of measurement gaps from the service network entity, the updated configuration being based on the change in periodicity indicated via the request message.

[0166] In some examples, the control message receiver 775 is capable of, configured to, or able to operate to support components for performing the following actions: receiving control messages from the serving network entity indicating a signal quality threshold, wherein the periodic request message for changing the measurement gap within the set of measurement gaps is based on the signal quality measurement of the neighboring network entity satisfying the signal quality threshold.

[0167] In some examples, to support the sending of the request message, the control message receiver 775 is capable of, configured to, or able to operate to support components for performing the following actions: receiving a control message indicating a signal quality threshold from the serving network entity, wherein the periodic request message for changing the measurement gap within the set of measurement gaps is based on the signal quality measurement prediction for the neighboring network entity failing to meet the signal quality threshold.

[0168] In some examples, the UE avoids performing measurements during at least one of the measurement gaps in the set of measurement gaps based on the control signaling.

[0169] In some examples, the signal quality measurement prediction is based on a spatial map of the environment.

[0170] In some examples, the spatial map generator 765 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing the following actions: generating the spatial map of the environment by performing signal quality measurements during a set of signal quality measurements. In some examples, the message sender 770 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing the following actions: sending a message to the serving network entity indicating that the spatial map of the environment has been generated, wherein the control signaling is received based on the message.

[0171] In some examples, this spatial graph of the environment is generated using a machine learning model.

[0172] Figure 8 A diagram is shown of a system 800 including a device 805 supporting techniques for implementing enhanced gap measurement using a sensing process, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure. Device 805 may be an example of device 505, device 605, or UE 115 as described herein, or may include components thereof. Device 805 may communicate with one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, or any combination thereof (e.g., wirelessly). Device 805 may include components for bidirectional voice and data communication, including components for transmitting and receiving communications, such as a communication manager 820, an input / output (I / O) controller 810, a transceiver 815, an antenna 825, at least one memory 830, code 835, and at least one processor 840. These components may communicate electronically or be coupled in other ways (e.g., operative ground, communication ground, functional ground, electronic ground, electrical ground) via one or more buses (e.g., bus 845).

[0173] I / O controller 810 manages the input and output signals of device 805. I / O controller 810 can also manage peripheral devices not integrated into device 805. In some cases, I / O controller 810 can represent a physical connection or port to an external peripheral device. In some cases, I / O controller 810 can utilize an operating system such as iOS. ® ANDROID ® MS-DOS ® MS-WINDOWS ® OS / 2 ® UNIX ® LINUX ®Alternatively, the I / O controller 810 may represent or interact with a modem, keyboard, mouse, touchscreen, or similar device. In some cases, the I / O controller 810 may be implemented as part of one or more processors, such as at least one processor 840. In some cases, a user may interact with the device 805 via the I / O controller 810 or via hardware components controlled by the I / O controller 810.

[0174] In some cases, device 805 may include a single antenna 825. However, in other cases, device 805 may have more than one antenna 825, which may be capable of concurrently transmitting or receiving multiple wireless transmissions. Transceiver 815 may communicate bidirectionally via one or more antennas 825, wired or wireless links as described herein. For example, transceiver 815 may represent a wireless transceiver and may communicate bidirectionally with another wireless transceiver. Transceiver 815 may also include a modem for: modulating packets; providing the modulated packets to one or more antennas 825 for transmission; and demodulating packets received from one or more antennas 825. Transceiver 815, or transceiver 815 and one or more antennas 825, may be an example of transmitter 515, transmitter 615, receiver 510, receiver 610, or any combination thereof or components thereof as described herein.

[0175] At least one memory 830 may include random access memory (RAM) and read-only memory (ROM). At least one memory 830 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 835, including instructions that, when executed by at least one processor 840, cause device 805 to perform the various functions described herein. Code 835 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, code 835 may not be directly executable by at least one processor 840, but may enable a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein. In some cases, at least one memory 830 may contain a basic I / O system (BIOS), etc., which controls basic hardware or software operations (such as interaction with peripheral components or devices).

[0176] At least one processor 840 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, CPUs, microcontrollers, ASICs, FPGAs, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic components, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, at least one processor 840 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into at least one processor 840. At least one processor 840 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., at least one memory 830) to cause device 805 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting techniques for implementing enhanced gap measurement using a sensing process). For example, device 805 or components of device 805 may include at least one processor 840 and at least one memory 830 coupled to or coupled to at least one processor 840, wherein at least one processor 840 and at least one memory 830 are configured to perform the various functions described herein. In some examples, at least one processor 840 may include multiple processors, and at least one memory 830 may include multiple memories. One or more of a plurality of processors may be coupled to one or more of a plurality of memories, which may be configured individually or collectively to perform the various functions described herein. In some examples, at least one processor 840 may be a component of a processing system, which may refer to a machine (such as a series of machines), circuitry (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry (which may include at least one processor 840) and memory circuitry (which may include at least one memory 830)) or system of components that receive or receive input and process the input to produce, generate or obtain a set of outputs. The processing system may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Thus, at least one processor 840 or a processing system including at least one processor 840 may be configured, capable of being configured, or operable to cause device 805 to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Furthermore, as described herein, “configured to,” “capable of being configured,” and “operable to” are used interchangeably and may be associated with the ability to perform one or more of the functions described herein when executing code stored in at least one memory 830 or otherwise.

[0177] The communication manager 820 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 820 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing the following actions: receiving control signaling from a serving network entity, the control signaling instructing the UE to use sensing information sensed by the UE to predict signal quality measurements of a neighboring network entity. The communication manager 820 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing the following actions: sending a measurement report to the serving network entity, the measurement report indicating a prediction of signal quality measurements for the neighboring network entity based on the control signaling and the sensing information sensed by the UE.

[0178] By including or configuring a communication manager 820 according to an example as described herein, device 805 can support techniques for UE 115 to use sensing information to predict signal quality measurements of neighboring network entities 105, thereby improving communication reliability, reducing latency, enhancing and reducing user experience related to processing, reducing power consumption, utilizing communication resources more efficiently, improving coordination between devices, and improving the utilization of processing capabilities.

[0179] In some examples, the communication manager 820 may be configured to cooperate with transceiver 815, one or more antennas 825, or any combination thereof to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, monitoring, transmitting). Although the communication manager 820 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 820 may be supported or performed by at least one processor 840, at least one memory 830, code 835, or any combination thereof. For example, code 835 may include instructions that can be executed by at least one processor 840 to cause device 805 to perform various aspects of the techniques described herein for implementing enhanced measurement gaps using sensing processes, or at least one processor 840 and at least one memory 830 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations individually or jointly.

[0180] Figure 9 A block diagram 900 illustrates a device 905 supporting a technique for implementing enhanced gap measurement using a sensing process, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure. Device 905 may be an example of aspects of network entity 105 as described herein. Device 905 may include a receiver 910, a transmitter 915, and a communication manager 920. Device 905, or one or more components of device 905 (e.g., receiver 910, transmitter 915, and communication manager 920), may include at least one processor that may be coupled to at least one memory to individually or jointly support or implement the described techniques. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0181] Receiver 910 may provide components for acquiring (e.g., receiving, determining, identifying) information associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack), such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units). The information may be passed to other components of device 905. In some examples, receiver 910 may support acquiring information by receiving signals via one or more antennas. Additionally or alternatively, receiver 910 may support acquiring information by receiving signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof.

[0182] Transmitter 915 may provide components for outputting (e.g., transmitting, providing, conveying, transmitting) information generated by other components of device 905. For example, transmitter 915 may output information associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack), such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units). In some examples, transmitter 915 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more antennas. Additionally or alternatively, transmitter 915 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. In some examples, transmitter 915 and receiver 910 may be co-located in a transceiver, which may include or be coupled to a modem.

[0183] The communication manager 920, receiver 910, transmitter 915, or various combinations thereof, or various components thereof, may be examples of components for various aspects of the techniques for implementing enhanced gap measurement using a sensing process as described herein. For example, the communication manager 920, receiver 910, transmitter 915, or various combinations thereof, or components thereof, may be able to perform one or more of the functions described herein.

[0184] In some examples, the communication manager 920, receiver 910, transmitter 915, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., in communication management circuitry). The hardware may include at least one of a processor, DSP, CPU, ASIC, FPGA, or other programmable logic device, microcontroller, discrete gate or transistor logic unit, discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof, configured as or otherwise individually or collectively to support components for performing the functions described herein. In some examples, at least one processor and at least one memory coupled to said at least one processor may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., instructions stored in at least one memory are executed individually or collectively by one or more processors).

[0185] Additionally or alternatively, the communication manager 920, receiver 910, transmitter 915, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in code (e.g., as communication management software or firmware) executed by at least one processor. If implemented in code executed by at least one processor, the functionality of the communication manager 920, receiver 910, transmitter 915, or various combinations or components thereof may be performed by (e.g., a general-purpose processor, DSP, CPU, ASIC, FPGA, microcontroller, or any combination of these or other programmable logic devices configured, either individually or collectively, as components for performing the functions described in this disclosure).

[0186] In some examples, the communication manager 920 may be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with the receiver 910, transmitter 915, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, acquiring, monitoring, outputting, transmitting). For example, the communication manager 920 may receive information from the receiver 910, transmit information to the transmitter 915, or be integrated with the receiver 910, transmitter 915, or both to acquire information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0187] The communication manager 920 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 920 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing the following actions: sending control signaling to the UE, the control signaling instructing the UE to use sensing information sensed by the UE to predict signal quality measurements of neighboring network entities. The communication manager 920 may be capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing the following actions: receiving a measurement report from the UE, the measurement report indicating a prediction of signal quality measurements for the neighboring network entity based on the control signaling and the sensing information sensed by the UE.

[0188] By including or configuring a communication manager 920 according to an example as described herein, device 905 (e.g., at least one processor that controls or otherwise couples to receiver 910, transmitter 915, communication manager 920, or a combination thereof) can support techniques for UE 115 to use sensing information to predict signal quality measurements of neighboring network entities 105, in order to reduce processing, reduce power consumption, and utilize communication resources more efficiently.

[0189] Figure 10 A block diagram 1000 of an apparatus 1005 supporting a technique for implementing enhanced gap measurement using a sensing process, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Apparatus 1005 may be an example of aspects of apparatus 905 or network entity 105 as described herein. Apparatus 1005 may include receiver 1010, transmitter 1015, and communication manager 1020. Apparatus 1005, or one or more components of apparatus 1005 (e.g., receiver 1010, transmitter 1015, and communication manager 1020), may include at least one processor that may be coupled to at least one memory to support the described technique. Each of these components may communicate with each other (e.g., via one or more buses).

[0190] Receiver 1010 may provide components for performing the following actions: acquiring (e.g., receiving, determining, identifying) information associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack), such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units). The information may be passed to other components of device 1005. In some examples, receiver 1010 may support acquiring information by receiving signals via one or more antennas. Additionally or alternatively, receiver 1010 may support acquiring information by receiving signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof.

[0191] Transmitter 1015 may provide components for performing the following actions: outputting (e.g., transmitting, providing, conveying, transmitting) information generated by other components of device 1005. For example, transmitter 1015 may output information associated with various channels (e.g., control channels, data channels, information channels, channels associated with a protocol stack), such as user data, control information, or any combination thereof (e.g., I / Q samples, symbols, packets, protocol data units, service data units). In some examples, transmitter 1015 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more antennas. Additionally or alternatively, transmitter 1015 may support outputting information by transmitting signals via one or more wired (e.g., electrical, fiber optic) interfaces, wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. In some examples, transmitter 1015 and receiver 1010 may be co-located in a transceiver, which may include or be coupled to a modem.

[0192] Device 1005 or its various components may be examples of parts for performing various aspects of the techniques described herein for achieving enhanced gap measurement using a sensing process. For example, communication manager 1020 may include control signaling transmitter 1025, measurement report receiver 1030, or any combination thereof. Communication manager 1020 may be examples of aspects of communication manager 920 as described herein. In some examples, communication manager 1020 or its various components may be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with receiver 1010, transmitter 1015, or both to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, acquiring, monitoring, outputting, transmitting). For example, communication manager 1020 may receive information from receiver 1010, transmit information to transmitter 1015, or be integrated in combination with receiver 1010, transmitter 1015, or both to acquire information, output information, or perform various other operations as described herein.

[0193] The communication manager 1020 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. The control signaling transmitter 1025 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing the following actions: sending control signaling to the UE, the control signaling instructing the UE to use sensing information sensed by the UE to predict signal quality measurements of neighboring network entities. The measurement report receiver 1030 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing the following actions: receiving a measurement report from the UE, the measurement report indicating a prediction of signal quality measurements for the neighboring network entity based on the control signaling and the sensing information sensed by the UE.

[0194] Figure 11A block diagram 1100 is shown of a communication manager 1120 supporting a technique for implementing enhanced measurement gap using a sensing process, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure. The communication manager 1120 may be an example of aspects of the communication manager 920, communication manager 1020, or both as described herein. The communication manager 1120 or its various components may be examples of components for performing various aspects of the technique for implementing enhanced measurement gap using a sensing process as described herein. For example, the communication manager 1120 may include a control signaling transmitter 1125, a measurement report receiver 1130, a capability message receiver 1135, a message manager 1140, a data message manager 1145, a measurement gap configuration manager 1150, a message receiver 1155, a report receiver 1160, a request message receiver 116065, a control message transmitter 116570, or any combination thereof. These components, or each of their components or sub-components (e.g., one or more processors, one or more memories), may communicate directly or indirectly with each other (e.g., via one or more buses), and such communication may include communication within protocol layers of the protocol stack, communication associated with logical channels of the protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of the protocol stack, within devices, components, or virtualization components associated with network entity 105, between devices, components, or virtualization components associated with network entity 105), or any combination thereof.

[0195] The communication manager 1120 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. The control signaling transmitter 1125 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing the following actions: sending control signaling to the UE, the control signaling instructing the UE to use sensing information sensed by the UE to predict signal quality measurements of neighboring network entities. The measurement report receiver 1130 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing the following actions: receiving a measurement report from the UE, the measurement report indicating a prediction of signal quality measurements for the neighboring network entity based on the control signaling and the sensing information sensed by the UE.

[0196] In some examples, the capability message receiver 1135 is capable of, configured to, or able to operate to support components for performing the following actions: receiving a capability message from the UE indicating the capability to predict signal quality measurements using the perception information sensed by the UE, wherein the control signaling is based on the capability message.

[0197] In some examples, the control signaling transmitter 1125 is capable of, configured to, or able to operate to support components for performing the following actions: sending an instruction to the UE regarding the configuration of a set of measurement intervals for the UE to perform signal quality measurements of the neighboring network entity, wherein the control signaling instructs the UE to use the sensing information to predict the signal quality measurement of the neighboring network entity.

[0198] Instead of performing measurements on the neighboring network entity during the measurement intervals within that set of measurement intervals.

[0199] In some examples, the measurement report receiver 1130 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing the following actions: receiving a measurement report from the UE, the measurement report indicating a signal quality measurement prediction based on the overlap of a first resource allocated for transmitting data messages and a second resource allocated for the measurement gap. In some examples, the data message manager 1145 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing the following actions: transmitting the data message via the first resource.

[0200] In some examples, the report receiver 1160 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing the following actions: receiving a report from the UE instructing the UE to skip performing a measurement during the measurement gap based on the overlap between a first resource allocated for receiving data messages and a second resource allocated for the measurement gap, wherein control signaling instructing the UE to use the sensing information sensed by the UE to predict the signal quality measurement of the neighboring network entity is based on the report. In some examples, the data message manager 1145 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing the following actions: receiving the data message via the first resource.

[0201] In some examples, message manager 1140 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing the following actions: receiving from the UE a message instructing the UE to skip performing measurements during the measurement gap, wherein control signaling instructing the UE to use the sensing information sensed by the UE to predict the signal quality measurement of the neighboring network entity is based on the message. In some examples, data message manager 1145 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing the following actions: using the resources of the measurement gap to send messages.

[0202] In some examples, the measurement gap configuration manager 1150 is capable of, configured to, or able to operate to support components for performing the following actions: sending instructions to the UE on the configuration of a set of measurement gaps for performing signal quality measurements of the neighboring network entity.

[0203] In some examples, the request message receiver 1165 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing the following actions: receiving from the UE a request message for changing the periodicity of the measurement gaps within the set of measurement gaps. In some examples, the measurement gap configuration manager 1150 is capable of, configured to, or operable to support components for performing the following actions: sending to the UE an updated configuration of the set of measurement gaps, the updated configuration being based on the periodic change indicated via the request message.

[0204] In some examples, the control message transmitter 1170 is capable of, configured to, or able to operate to support components for performing the following actions: sending a control message to the UE indicating a signal quality threshold, wherein the periodic request message for changing the measurement gap within the set of measurement gaps is based on the signal quality measurement of the neighboring network entity satisfying the signal quality threshold.

[0205] In some examples, to support the sending of the request message, the control message sender 1170 is capable, configured, or able to operate to support components for performing the following actions: sending a control message to the UE indicating a signal quality threshold, wherein the periodic request message for changing the measurement gap within the set of measurement gaps is based on the signal quality measurement prediction for the neighboring network entity failing to meet the signal quality threshold.

[0206] In some examples, message receiver 1155 is capable of, configured to, or able to operate to support components for performing the following actions: receiving from the UE a message indicating that the UE has generated a spatial map of the environment, wherein the control signaling is sent based on the message.

[0207] Figure 12 A diagram of a system 1200 including a device 1205 supporting techniques for achieving enhanced measurement gaps using a sensing process, according to one or more aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Device 1205 may be an example of device 905, device 1005, or network entity 105 as described herein, or a component including such devices. Device 1205 may communicate with one or more network entities 105, one or more UEs 115, or any combination thereof, and this communication may include communication via one or more wired interfaces, one or more wireless interfaces, or any combination thereof. Device 1205 may include components supporting output and acquisition of communication, such as a communication manager 1220, a transceiver 1210, an antenna 1215, at least one memory 1225, code 1230, and at least one processor 1235. These components may communicate electronically or otherwise (e.g., operative ground, communicative ground, functional ground, electronic ground, electrical ground) via one or more buses (e.g., bus 1240).

[0208] Transceiver 1210 may support bidirectional communication via a wired link, a wireless link, or both, as described herein. In some examples, transceiver 1210 may include a wired transceiver and be capable of bidirectional communication with another wired transceiver. Additionally or alternatively, in some examples, transceiver 1210 may include a wireless transceiver and be capable of bidirectional communication with another wireless transceiver. In some examples, device 1205 may include one or more antennas 1215 that are capable of (e.g., concurrently) transmitting or receiving wireless transmissions. Transceiver 1210 may also include a modem for: modulating a signal; providing the modulated signal for transmission (e.g., via one or more antennas 1215, via a wired transmitter); receiving the modulated signal (e.g., from one or more antennas 1215, from a wired receiver); and demodulating the signal. In some embodiments, transceiver 1210 may include one or more interfaces, such as one or more interfaces coupled to one or more antennas 1215 configured to support various receive or acquire operations, or one or more interfaces coupled to one or more antennas 1215 configured to support various transmit or output operations, or combinations thereof. In some embodiments, transceiver 1210 may include one or more processors or one or more memory components or configured to be coupled to said one or more processors or one or more memory components, said one or more processors or memory components being operable to perform or support operations based on received or acquired information or signals, or to generate information or other signals for transmission or other output, or any combination thereof. In some embodiments, transceiver 1210, or transceiver 1210 and one or more antennas 1215, or transceiver 1210 and one or more antennas 1215 and one or more processors or one or more memory components (e.g., at least one processor 1235, at least one memory 1225, or both) may be included in a chip or chip assembly mounted in device 1205. In some examples, transceiver 1210 may be able to operate to support communication via one or more communication links (e.g., communication link 125, backhaul communication link 120, midhaul communication link 162, and fronthaul communication link 168).

[0209] At least one memory 1225 may include RAM, ROM, or any combination thereof. At least one memory 1225 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code 1230 including instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of at least one processor 1235, cause device 1205 to perform the various functions described herein. Code 1230 may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium, such as system memory or another type of memory. In some cases, code 1230 may not be directly executable by one of the processors of at least one processor 1235, but may enable a computer (e.g., when compiled and executed) to perform the functions described herein. In some cases, at least one memory 1225 may contain a BIOS, etc., which can control basic hardware or software operations (such as interaction with peripheral components or devices). In some examples, at least one processor 1235 may include multiple processors, and at least one memory 1225 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled to one or more of the multiple memories, which may be configured individually or collectively to perform the various functions described herein (e.g., as part of a processing system).

[0210] At least one processor 1235 may include intelligent hardware devices (e.g., general-purpose processors, DSPs, ASICs, CPUs, FPGAs, microcontrollers, programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof). In some cases, at least one processor 1235 may be configured to operate a memory array using a memory controller. In some other cases, the memory controller may be integrated into one or more processors in at least one processor 1235. At least one processor 1235 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in memory (e.g., one or more memories in at least one memory 1225) to cause device 1205 to perform various functions (e.g., functions or tasks supporting techniques for implementing enhanced gap measurement using a sensing process). For example, device 1205 or components of device 1205 may include at least one processor 1235 and at least one memory 1225 coupled to one or more processors in at least one processor 1235, wherein at least one processor 1235 and at least one memory 1225 are configured to perform the various functions described herein. At least one processor 1235 may be an example of a cloud computing platform (e.g., one or more physical nodes and supporting software such as an operating system, virtual machine, or container instance), which may (e.g., by executing code 1230) host functions to perform the functions of device 1205. At least one processor 1235 may be any one or more suitable processors capable of executing scripts or instructions of one or more software programs stored in device 1205 (such as within one or more memories in at least one memory 1225). In some examples, at least one processor 1235 may include multiple processors, and at least one memory 1225 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled to one or more of the multiple memories, which may be configured individually or collectively to perform the various functions described herein. In some examples, at least one processor 1235 may be a component of a processing system, which may refer to a system of machines (such as a series of machines), circuits (including, for example, one or both of processor circuitry (which may include at least one processor 1235) and memory circuitry (which may include at least one memory 1225)) or components that receive or receive input and process the input to produce, generate, or obtain a set of outputs. The processing system may be configured to perform one or more of the functions described herein. Therefore, at least one processor 1235 or a processing system including at least one processor 1235 may be configured, configured to, or operated to cause the device 1205 to perform one or more of the functions described herein.Furthermore, as described herein, “configured to,” “capable of being configured to,” and “capable of operating to” are used interchangeably and may be associated with the ability to perform one or more of the functions described herein when executing code stored in at least one memory 1225 or otherwise.

[0211] In some examples, bus 1240 may support communication at the protocol layer of the protocol stack (e.g., within a protocol layer). In some examples, bus 1240 may support communication associated with logical channels of the protocol stack (e.g., between protocol layers of the protocol stack), which may include communication performed within components of device 1205, or communication performed between different components of device 1205 that are co-addressable or may be located in different locations (e.g., where device 1205 may refer to a system in which one or more of communication manager 1220, transceiver 1210, at least one memory 1225, code 1230 and at least one processor 1235 may be located in one component of different components or partitioned between different components).

[0212] In some examples, the communication manager 1220 can manage (e.g., via one or more wired or wireless backhaul links) various aspects of communication with the core network 130. For example, the communication manager 1220 can manage the delivery of data communications by client devices, such as one or more UEs 115. In some examples, the communication manager 1220 can manage communication with other network entities 105 and may include a controller or scheduler for cooperating with other network entities 105 to control communication with UE 115. In some examples, the communication manager 1220 may support an X2 interface within LTE / LTE-A wireless communication network technology to provide communication between network entities 105.

[0213] The communication manager 1220 may support wireless communication according to examples disclosed herein. For example, the communication manager 1220 may be capable of, configured to, or operated to support components for performing the following actions: sending control signaling to a UE, the control signaling instructing the UE to use sensing information sensed by the UE to predict signal quality measurements of neighboring network entities. The communication manager 1220 may be capable of, configured to, or operated to support components for performing the following actions: receiving a measurement report from the UE, the measurement report indicating a prediction of signal quality measurements for the neighboring network entity based on the control signaling and the sensing information sensed by the UE.

[0214] By including or configuring a communication manager 1220 according to an example as described herein, device 1205 can support techniques for UE 115 to use sensing information to predict signal quality measurements of neighboring network entities 105, thereby improving communication reliability, reducing latency, enhancing and reducing user experience related to processing, reducing power consumption, utilizing communication resources more efficiently, improving coordination between devices, and improving the utilization of processing capabilities.

[0215] In some examples, the communication manager 1220 may be configured to use or otherwise cooperate with transceiver 1210, one or more antennas 1215 (e.g., where applicable) or any combination thereof to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, acquiring, monitoring, outputting, transmitting). Although the communication manager 1220 is illustrated as a separate component, in some examples, one or more functions described with reference to the communication manager 1220 may be supported or performed by transceiver 1210, one or more processors in at least one processor 1235, one or more memories in at least one memory 1225, code 1230, or any combination thereof (e.g., by a processing system including at least a portion of at least one processor 1235, at least one memory 1225, code 1230, or any combination thereof). For example, code 1230 may include instructions that can be executed by one or more processors of at least one processor 1235 to cause device 1205 to perform various aspects of the techniques described herein for implementing enhanced measurement gaps using a sensing process, or at least one processor 1235 and at least one memory 1225 may be otherwise configured to perform or support such operations individually or jointly.

[0216] Figure 13 A flowchart illustrating a method 1300 for implementing an enhanced measurement gap using a sensing process, according to various aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Operation of method 1300 can be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1300 can be implemented by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 8 The UE 115 described herein performs the following: In some examples, the UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0217] At 1305, the method may include: receiving control signaling from a serving network entity, the control signaling instructing the UE to use sensing information sensed by the UE to predict signal quality measurements of a neighboring network entity. Operation of block 1305 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 1305 may be derived from references... Figure 7 The control signaling receiver 725 described herein performs the operation.

[0218] At 1310, the method may include: sending a measurement report to the serving network entity, the measurement report indicating a signal quality measurement prediction for the neighboring network entity based on the control signaling and the sensed information sensed by the UE. Operation of block 1310 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 1310 may be provided by reference to... Figure 7 The measurement report sender 730 described is executed.

[0219] Figure 14 A flowchart illustrating a method 1400 for implementing an enhanced measurement gap using a sensing process, according to various aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Operation of method 1400 can be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1400 can be implemented by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 8 The UE 115 described herein performs the following: In some examples, the UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0220] At 1405, the method may include: sending a capability message to the serving network entity, the capability message indicating the capability to predict signal quality measurements using the perceived information sensed by the UE. The operation of block 1405 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1405 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 7 The described capability is executed by message sender 735.

[0221] At 1410, the method may include: receiving control signaling from a serving network entity, the control signaling instructing the UE to use sensing information sensed by the UE to predict signal quality measurements of a neighboring network entity, wherein the control signaling is based on the capability message. Operation of block 1410 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 1410 may be derived from references... Figure 7 The control signaling receiver 725 described herein performs the operation.

[0222] At 1415, the method may include: sending a measurement report to the serving network entity, the measurement report indicating a signal quality measurement prediction for the neighboring network entity based on the control signaling and the sensed information sensed by the UE. The operation of block 1415 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1415 may be provided by reference to... Figure 7 The measurement report sender 730 described is executed.

[0223] Figure 15A flowchart illustrating a method 1500 for implementing an enhanced measurement gap using a sensing process, according to various aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Operation of method 1500 can be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1500 can be implemented by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 8 The UE 115 described herein performs the following: In some examples, the UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0224] At 1505, the method may include: receiving from the serving network entity an instruction for configuring a set of measurement gaps for performing signal quality measurements on the neighboring network entity. Operation of block 1505 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1505 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 7 The described measurement gap configuration component 750 is implemented.

[0225] At 1510, the method may include: receiving control signaling from a serving network entity, the control signaling instructing the UE to use sensing information sensed by the UE to predict signal quality measurements of a neighboring network entity. Operation of block 1510 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 1510 may be derived from references... Figure 7 The control signaling receiver 725 described herein performs the operation.

[0226] At 1515, the method may include: sending a measurement report to the serving network entity, the measurement report indicating a signal quality measurement prediction for the neighboring network entity based on the control signaling and the sensed information sensed by the UE. Operation of block 1515 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 1515 may be derived from references... Figure 7 The measurement report sender 730 described is executed.

[0227] Figure 16 A flowchart illustrating a method 1600 for implementing an enhanced measurement gap using a sensing process, according to various aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Operation of method 1600 can be implemented by a UE or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1600 can be implemented by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 8 The UE 115 described herein performs the following: In some examples, the UE may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the UE to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the UE may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0228] At 1605, the method may include: receiving from the serving network entity an instruction for configuring a set of measurement gaps for performing signal quality measurements on the neighboring network entity. Operation of block 1605 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 1605 may be provided by reference to... Figure 7 The described measurement gap configuration component 750 is implemented.

[0229] At 1610, the method may include: receiving control signaling from a serving network entity, the control signaling instructing the UE to use sensing information sensed by the UE to predict signal quality measurements of a neighboring network entity. Operation of block 1610 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 1610 may be derived from references... Figure 7 The control signaling receiver 725 described herein performs the operation.

[0230] At 1615, the method may include: sending a request message to the service network entity for changing the periodicity of the measurement gap within the set of measurement gaps. The operation of block 1615 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1615 may be derived from references... Figure 7 The described request message sender 760 is executed.

[0231] At 1620, the method may include: receiving from the service network entity an updated configuration of the set of measurement gaps, the updated configuration being based on the periodic change indicated via the request message. The operation of block 1620 may be performed according to the examples disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of the operation of 1620 may be provided by reference to [reference needed]. Figure 7 The described measurement gap configuration component 750 is implemented.

[0232] At 1625, the method may include: sending a measurement report to the serving network entity, the measurement report indicating a signal quality measurement prediction for the neighboring network entity based on the control signaling and the sensed information sensed by the UE. Operation of block 1625 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 1625 may be derived from references... Figure 7 The measurement report sender 730 described is executed.

[0233] Figure 17 A flowchart illustrating a method 1700 for implementing an enhanced measurement gap using a sensing process, according to various aspects of this disclosure, is shown. Operation of method 1700 may be implemented by a network entity or its components as described herein. For example, operation of method 1700 may be implemented by, as referenced... Figures 1 to 4 as well as Figures 9 to 12The described network entity performs the functions. In some examples, the network entity may execute a set of instructions to control the functional elements of the network entity to perform the described functions. Additionally or alternatively, the network entity may use dedicated hardware to perform aspects of the described functions.

[0234] At 1705, the method may include: sending control signaling to the UE, the control signaling instructing the UE to use sensing information sensed by the UE to predict signal quality measurements of neighboring network entities. Operation of block 1705 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 1705 may be derived from references... Figure 11 The control signaling transmitter 1125 described herein is executed.

[0235] At 1710, the method may include: receiving a measurement report from the UE, the measurement report indicating a signal quality measurement prediction for the neighboring network entity based on the control signaling and the sensed information sensed by the UE. Operation of block 1710 may be performed according to examples as disclosed herein. In some examples, aspects of operation of 1710 may be provided by reference to... Figure 11 The described measurement report receiver 1130 performs this action.

[0236] The following provides an overview of the various aspects of this disclosure:

[0237] Aspect 1: A method for wireless communication by a UE, the method comprising: receiving control signaling from a serving network entity, the control signaling instructing the UE to use sensing information sensed by the UE to predict signal quality measurements of a neighboring network entity; and sending a measurement report to the serving network entity, the measurement report indicating a prediction of signal quality measurements for the neighboring network entity based at least in part on the control signaling and the sensing information sensed by the UE.

[0238] Aspect 2: According to the method of aspect 1, the method further includes: sending a capability message to the serving network entity, the capability message indicating the capability to predict signal quality measurements using the perception information sensed by the UE, wherein the control signaling is at least partially based on the capability message.

[0239] Aspect 3: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 2, the method further comprising: receiving from the serving network entity an instruction for configuring a set of measurement gaps for performing signal quality measurements of the neighboring network entity, wherein the control signaling instructs the UE to use the sensing information to predict the signal quality measurements of the neighboring network entity, rather than performing the measurements of the neighboring network entity during a measurement gap in the set of measurement gaps.

[0240] Aspect 4: According to the method of aspect 3, the method further includes: sending the measurement report to the service network entity, the measurement report indicating a signal quality measurement prediction based at least in part on the overlap of a first resource allocated for sending data messages and a second resource allocated for the measurement gap; and sending the data message via the first resource.

[0241] Aspect 5: The method according to any one of Aspects 3 to 4, the method further comprising: sending a report to the serving network entity, the report indicating that the UE is skipping a measurement during the measurement gap based at least in part on the overlap between a first resource allocated for receiving data messages and a second resource allocated for a measurement gap, wherein the control signaling instructing the UE to use the perception information sensed by the UE to predict the signal quality measurement of the neighboring network entity is based at least in part on the report; and receiving the data message via the first resource.

[0242] Aspect 6: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 5, the method further comprising: receiving from the serving network entity an instruction for configuring a set of measurement gaps for performing signal quality measurements on the neighboring network entity.

[0243] Aspect 7: The method according to aspect 6, the method further comprising: sending a request message to the service network entity for changing the periodicity of the measurement gaps within the set of measurement gaps; and receiving from the service network entity an updated configuration of the set of measurement gaps, the updated configuration being based on the change in periodicity indicated via the request message.

[0244] Aspect 8: According to the method of aspect 7, the method further includes: receiving from the serving network entity a control message indicating a signal quality threshold, wherein the periodic request message for changing the measurement gap within the set of measurement gaps is at least partially based on the signal quality measurement of the neighboring network entity satisfying the signal quality threshold.

[0245] Aspect 9: The method according to any one of Aspects 7 to 8, wherein sending the request message further comprises: receiving from the serving network entity a control message indicating a signal quality threshold, wherein the periodicity of the request message for changing the measurement gaps within the set of measurement gaps is based at least in part on the prediction that the signal quality measurement for the neighboring network entity has failed to meet the signal quality threshold.

[0246] Aspect 10: The method according to any one of Aspects 6 to 9, wherein the UE avoids performing measurements during at least one of the set of measurement gaps based at least in part on the control signaling.

[0247] Aspect 11: The method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 10, wherein the signal quality measurement prediction is based at least in part on a spatial map of the environment.

[0248] Aspect 12: According to the method of aspect 11, the method further includes: generating the spatial map of the environment by performing signal quality measurements during a set of signal quality measurements: sending a message to the serving network entity indicating that the spatial map of the environment has been generated, wherein the control signaling is received at least in part based on the message.

[0249] Aspect 13: The method according to any one of aspects 11 to 12, wherein the spatial graph of the environment is generated using an ML model.

[0250] Aspect 14: A method for wireless communication by a network entity, the method comprising: sending control signaling to a UE, the control signaling instructing the UE to use sensing information sensed by the UE to predict signal quality measurements of a neighboring network entity; and receiving a measurement report from the UE, the measurement report indicating a prediction of signal quality measurements for the neighboring network entity based at least in part on the control signaling and the sensing information sensed by the UE.

[0251] Aspect 15: The method according to aspect 14, the method further comprising: receiving a capability message from the UE, the capability message indicating the capability to predict signal quality measurements using the perception information sensed by the UE, wherein the control signaling is at least partially based on the capability message.

[0252] Aspect 16: The method according to any one of Aspects 14 to 15, the method further comprising: sending to the UE an instruction to configure a set of measurement gaps for the UE to perform signal quality measurements of the neighboring network entity, wherein the control signaling instructs the UE to use the sensing information to predict the signal quality measurements of the neighboring network entity, rather than performing measurements of the neighboring network entity during a measurement gap in the set of measurement gaps.

[0253] Aspect 17: The method according to aspect 16, the method further comprising: receiving from the UE the measurement report, the measurement report indicating a signal quality measurement prediction based at least in part on the overlap of a first resource allocated for transmitting data messages and a second resource allocated for the measurement gap; and transmitting the data messages via the first resource.

[0254] Aspect 18: The method according to any one of Aspects 16 to 17, the method further comprising: receiving a report from the UE, the report indicating that the UE will skip performing a measurement during the measurement gap based at least in part on the overlap between a first resource allocated for receiving data messages and a second resource allocated for a measurement gap, wherein the control signaling instructing the UE to use the perception information sensed by the UE to predict the signal quality measurement of the neighboring network entity is based at least in part on the report; and receiving the data message via the first resource.

[0255] Aspect 19: The method according to any one of Aspects 14 to 18, the method further comprising: receiving from the UE a message instructing the UE to skip performing a measurement during a measurement gap, wherein the control signaling instructing the UE to use the perception information sensed by the UE to predict the signal quality measurement of the neighboring network entity is at least partially based on the message; and using the resources of the measurement gap to send the message.

[0256] Aspect 20: The method according to any one of aspects 14 to 19, the method further comprising: sending to the UE an instruction for configuring a set of measurement gaps for performing signal quality measurements of the neighboring network entity.

[0257] Aspect 21: The method according to aspect 20, the method further comprising: receiving from the UE a request message for changing the periodicity of the measurement gaps within the set of measurement gaps; and sending to the UE an updated configuration of the set of measurement gaps, the updated configuration being based on the change in periodicity indicated via the request message.

[0258] Aspect 22: According to the method of aspect 21, the method further includes: sending a control message indicating a signal quality threshold to the UE, wherein the periodic request message for changing the measurement gap within the set of measurement gaps is at least partially based on the signal quality measurement of the neighboring network entity satisfying the signal quality threshold.

[0259] Aspect 23: The method according to any one of Aspects 21 to 22, wherein sending the request message further comprises: sending a control message indicating a signal quality threshold to the UE, wherein the periodicity of the request message for changing the measurement gaps within the set of measurement gaps is based at least in part on the signal quality measurement prediction for the neighboring network entity failing to meet the signal quality threshold.

[0260] Aspect 24: The method according to any one of aspects 14 to 23, the method further comprising: receiving from the UE a message indicating that the UE has generated a spatial map of the environment, wherein the control signaling is transmitted at least in part based on the message.

[0261] Aspect 25: A UE for wireless communication, the UE comprising: one or more memories storing processor-executable code; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to execute the code to cause the UE to perform a method according to any one of Aspects 1 to 13.

[0262] Aspect 26: A UE for wireless communication, the UE comprising at least one component for performing the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 13.

[0263] Aspect 27: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, said code including instructions executable by a processor to perform the method according to any one of aspects 1 to 13.

[0264] Aspect 28: A network entity for wireless communication, the network entity comprising: one or more memories storing processor-executable code; and one or more processors coupled to the one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to execute the code to cause the network entity to perform a method according to any one of Aspects 14 to 24.

[0265] Aspect 29: A network entity for wireless communication, the network entity comprising at least one component for performing the method according to any one of aspects 14 to 24.

[0266] Aspect 30: A non-transitory computer-readable medium storing code for wireless communication, said code including instructions executable by a processor to perform a method according to any one of aspects 14 to 24.

[0267] It should be noted that the methods described herein describe possible specific implementations, and the operations and steps can be rearranged or otherwise modified, and other specific implementations are also possible. Furthermore, aspects from two or more of these methods can be combined.

[0268] While aspects of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR systems may be described for illustrative purposes, and the terms LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR may be used in most of the description, the techniques described herein are also applicable to networks outside of LTE, LTE-A, LTE-A Pro, or NR networks. For example, the techniques described are applicable to a variety of other wireless communication systems, such as Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDM, and other systems and radio technologies not explicitly mentioned herein.

[0269] The information and signals described herein can be represented using any of a variety of different techniques and methods. For example, data, instructions, commands, information, signals, bits, symbols, and chips mentioned throughout the description can be represented by voltage, current, electromagnetic waves, magnetic fields or magnetic particles, light fields or optical particles, or any combination thereof.

[0270] The various exemplary blocks and components described herein can be implemented or performed using a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, CPU, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic unit, discrete hardware component, or any combination thereof, designed to perform the functions described herein. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in alternative embodiments, a processor may be any processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices (e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, multiple microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a DSP core, or any other such configuration). Any function or operation described herein that can be performed by a processor may be performed by multiple processors capable of performing the described functions or operations individually or jointly.

[0271] The functions described herein can be implemented using hardware, software executed by a processor, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software executed by a processor, the functions can be stored as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium or transmitted using one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Other examples and specific implementations are within the scope of this disclosure and the appended claims. For example, due to the nature of software, the functions described herein can be implemented using software executed by a processor, hardware, firmware, hardwiring, or any combination of these. Features implementing the functions can also be physically located in various locations, including various portions distributed such that the functions are implemented in different physical locations.

[0272] Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media, encompassing any medium that facilitates the transfer of a computer program from one location to another. Non-transitory storage media can be any available medium accessible by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer. By way of example, and not limitation, non-transitory computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), flash memory, compressed optical disc (CD) ROM or other optical disc storage devices, magnetic disk storage devices or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transitory medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code components in the form of instructions or data structures, and accessible by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer or a general-purpose or special-purpose processor. Furthermore, any connection is appropriately referred to as computer-readable media. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included within the definition of computer-readable media. As used herein, disks and optical discs include CDs, laser discs, optical discs, digital multifunction discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs. Disks can magnetically reproduce data, and optical discs can optically reproduce data using lasers. Combinations of the above are also included within the scope of computer-readable media. Any function or operation described herein that can be performed by memory can be performed by multiple memories capable of performing the described function or operation individually or jointly.

[0273] As used herein, the word "or" in a list of items (e.g., a list of items accompanied by phrases such as "at least one of" or "one or more of") in the claims indicates an inclusive list, such that a list of at least one of, for example, A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Furthermore, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step described as "based on condition A" could be based on both condition A and condition B without departing from the scope of this disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase "based on" should be interpreted in the same manner as the phrase "at least partially based on".

[0274] As used herein, including in claims, the article “a” preceding a noun is open-ended and is understood to refer to “at least one” or “one or more” of those nouns. Therefore, the terms “a,” “at least one,” “one or more,” and “at least one of one or more” are interchangeable. For example, where a claim enumerates “components” performing one or more functions, each of the individual functions may be performed by a single component or by any combination of multiple components. Thus, the term “component” having a characteristic or performing a function may refer to “at least one of one or more components” having a particular characteristic or performing a particular function. Subsequent references to a component introduced with the article “a” using the terms “the” or “the” can refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, a component introduced with the article “a” can be understood to mean “one or more components,” and subsequent reference to “the component” in a claim can be understood as equivalent to referring to “at least one of the one or more components.” Similarly, subsequent references to a component introduced with the terms “the” or “the” as “one or more components” can refer to any or all of the one or more components. For example, reference to "the one or more components" in the subsequent claims can be understood as equivalent to reference to "at least one of the one or more components".

[0275] As used in this article, depending on the context, "meeting the threshold" can mean a value greater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, not equal to the threshold, etc.

[0276] The term "determine" encompasses a variety of actions, and therefore, "determine" can include calculation, computation, processing, derivation, investigation, lookup (such as by searching in a table, database, or other data structure), identification, and similar actions. Furthermore, "determine" can include receiving (e.g., receiving information), accessing (e.g., accessing data stored in memory), etc. Moreover, "determine" can include parsing, acquiring, selecting, choosing, creating, and other similar actions.

[0277] In the accompanying drawings, similar components or features may have the same reference numerals. Furthermore, various components of the same type can be distinguished by adding a dash after the reference numeral and a second numeral for differentiation between similar components. If only the first reference numeral is used in the specification, the description applies to any of the similar components having the same first reference numeral, regardless of the second or other subsequent reference numerals.

[0278] The description herein, illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes an example configuration and does not represent all achievable examples or those within the scope of the claims. The term "example" as used herein means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration," not "preferred" or "advantageous over other examples." The detailed description includes specific details used to provide an understanding of the described techniques. However, these techniques can be practiced without these specific details. In some cases, known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form to avoid obscuring the concept of the described examples.

[0279] The description herein is provided to enable those skilled in the art to implement or use this disclosure. Various modifications to this disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of this disclosure. Therefore, this disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein, but should be granted the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A user equipment (UE), the user equipment (UE) comprising: One or more memories, wherein the one or more memories store processor-executable code; and One or more processors, coupled to one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to execute the code to enable the UE: The UE receives control signaling from the serving network entity, the control signaling instructing the UE to use sensing information sensed by the UE to predict signal quality measurements of neighboring network entities; as well as A measurement report is sent to the serving network entity, the measurement report indicating a signal quality measurement prediction for the neighboring network entity based at least in part on the control signaling and the sensing information sensed by the UE.

2. The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or jointly capable of further operating to execute the code to cause the UE to: A capability message is sent to the serving network entity, the capability message indicating the ability to predict signal quality measurements using the perception information sensed by the UE. The control signaling is at least partially based on the capability messages.

3. The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or jointly capable of further operating to execute the code to cause the UE to: Receive instructions from the serving network entity regarding the configuration of a set of measurement gaps for performing signal quality measurements on the neighboring network entities. The control signaling instructs the UE to use the sensing information to predict the signal quality measurement of the neighboring network entity, rather than performing the measurement of the neighboring network entity during a measurement gap in the set of measurement gaps.

4. The UE of claim 3, wherein the one or more processors are individually or jointly capable of further operating to execute the code to cause the UE to: Send the measurement report to the service network entity, the measurement report indicating a signal quality measurement prediction based at least in part on the overlap of a first resource allocated for transmitting data messages and a second resource allocated for the measurement gap; and The data message is sent via the first resource.

5. The UE of claim 3, wherein the one or more processors are individually or jointly capable of further operating to execute the code to cause the UE to: A report is sent to the serving network entity, indicating that the UE is skipping measurements during the measurement gap, at least in part, based on the overlap between a first resource allocated for receiving data messages and a second resource allocated for the measurement gap. The control signaling instructing the UE to use the perceived information sensed by the UE to predict the signal quality measurement of the neighboring network entity is at least partially based on the report; and The data message is received via the first resource.

6. The UE of claim 1, wherein the one or more processors are individually or jointly capable of further operating to execute the code to cause the UE to: Receive instructions from the serving network entity regarding the configuration of a set of measurement gaps for performing signal quality measurements on the neighboring network entities.

7. The UE of claim 6, wherein the one or more processors are individually or jointly capable of further operating to execute the code to cause the UE to: Send a request message to the service network entity to change the periodicity of the measurement gaps within the set of measurement gaps; and Receive the updated configuration of the set of measurement gaps from the service network entity, the updated configuration being based on the periodic changes indicated via the request message.

8. The UE of claim 7, wherein the one or more processors are individually or jointly capable of further operating to execute the code to cause the UE to: Receive a control message indicating a signal quality threshold from the service network entity. The periodic request message for changing the measurement gap within the set of measurement gaps is at least partially based on the signal quality measurement of the neighboring network entity satisfying the signal quality threshold.

9. The UE of claim 7, wherein, in order to send the request message, the one or more processors are capable of further operating individually or jointly to execute the code to cause the UE to: Receive a control message indicating a signal quality threshold from the service network entity. The periodic request message for changing the measurement gap within the set of measurement gaps is at least in part based on the fact that the signal quality measurement prediction for the neighboring network entity fails to meet the signal quality threshold.

10. The UE of claim 6, wherein the one or more processors are individually or jointly further operable to execute the code such that the UE: at least in part based on the control signaling, avoids performing measurements during at least one of the set of measurement gaps.

11. The UE of claim 1, wherein the signal quality measurement prediction is at least in part based on a spatial map of the environment.

12. The UE of claim 11, wherein the one or more processors are individually or jointly capable of further operating to execute the code to cause the UE to: The spatial map of the environment is generated by performing signal quality measurements during a set of signal quality measurements: Send a message to the service network entity indicating that the spatial map of the environment has been generated. The reception of the control signaling is based at least in part on the message.

13. The UE of claim 11, wherein the spatial map of the environment is generated using a machine learning model.

14. A network entity, the network entity comprising: One or more memories, wherein the one or more memories store processor-executable code; and One or more processors, coupled to one or more memories and capable of operating individually or jointly to execute the code to enable the network entity: Send control signaling to the user equipment (UE), the control signaling instructing the UE to use sensing information sensed by the UE to predict signal quality measurements of neighboring network entities; as well as The UE receives a measurement report indicating a signal quality measurement prediction for the neighboring network entity, based at least in part on the control signaling and the sensing information sensed by the UE.

15. The network entity of claim 14, wherein the one or more processors are individually or jointly further operable to execute the code to cause the network entity to: The UE receives a capability message indicating the ability to predict signal quality measurements using the sensing information sensed by the UE. The control signaling is at least partially based on the capability messages.

16. The network entity of claim 14, wherein the one or more processors are individually or jointly capable of further operating to execute the code to cause the UE to: Send an instruction to the UE to configure a set of measurement gaps for the UE to perform signal quality measurements of the neighboring network entity. The control signaling instructs the UE to use the sensing information to predict the signal quality measurement of the neighboring network entity, rather than performing the measurement of the neighboring network entity during a measurement gap in the set of measurement gaps.

17. The network entity of claim 16, wherein the one or more processors are individually or jointly further operable to execute the code to cause the UE to: The measurement report is received from the UE, the measurement report indicating a signal quality measurement prediction based at least in part on the overlap of a first resource allocated for transmitting data messages and a second resource allocated for the measurement gap; and The data message is sent via the first resource.

18. The network entity of claim 16, wherein the one or more processors are individually or jointly further operable to execute the code to cause the network entity to: The UE receives a report indicating that it will skip performing measurements during the measurement gap, at least in part, based on the overlap between a first resource allocated for receiving data messages and a second resource allocated for the measurement gap. The control signaling instructing the UE to use the perceived information sensed by the UE to predict the signal quality measurement of the neighboring network entity is at least partially based on the report; and The data message is received via the first resource.

19. The network entity of claim 14, wherein the one or more processors are individually or jointly further operable to execute the code to cause the network entity to: Send an instruction to the UE to configure a set of measurement gaps for performing signal quality measurements on the neighboring network entities.

20. The network entity of claim 19, wherein the one or more processors are individually or jointly further operable to execute the code to cause the network entity to: The UE receives a request message for changing the periodicity of the measurement gaps within the set of measurement gaps; and The updated configuration of the set of measurement gaps is sent to the UE, the updated configuration being based on the periodic changes indicated via the request message.

21. The network entity of claim 20, wherein the one or more processors are individually or jointly further operable to execute the code to cause the network entity to: Send a control message indicating a signal quality threshold to the UE. The periodic request message for changing the measurement gap within the set of measurement gaps is at least partially based on the signal quality measurement of the neighboring network entity satisfying the signal quality threshold.

22. The network entity of claim 20, wherein, in order to send the request message, the one or more processors are capable of further operating individually or jointly to execute the code to cause the network entity to: Send a control message indicating a signal quality threshold to the UE. The periodic request message for changing the measurement gap within the set of measurement gaps is at least in part based on the fact that the signal quality measurement prediction for the neighboring network entity fails to meet the signal quality threshold.

23. The network entity of claim 14, wherein the one or more processors are individually or jointly further operable to execute the code to cause the network entity to: The UE receives a message indicating that it has generated a spatial map of the environment. The transmission of the control signaling is based at least in part on the message.

24. A method for wireless communication by a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: The UE receives control signaling from the serving network entity, the control signaling instructing the UE to use sensing information sensed by the UE to predict signal quality measurements of neighboring network entities; as well as A measurement report is sent to the serving network entity, the measurement report indicating a signal quality measurement prediction for the neighboring network entity based at least in part on the control signaling and the sensing information sensed by the UE.

25. The method according to claim 24, further comprising: A capability message is sent to the serving network entity, the capability message indicating the ability to predict signal quality measurements using the perception information sensed by the UE. The control signaling is at least partially based on the capability messages.

26. The method according to claim 24, further comprising: Receive instructions from the serving network entity regarding the configuration of a set of measurement gaps for performing signal quality measurements on the neighboring network entities. The control signaling instructs the UE to use the sensing information to predict the signal quality measurement of the neighboring network entity, rather than performing the measurement of the neighboring network entity during a measurement gap in the set of measurement gaps.

27. The method of claim 24, wherein the signal quality measurement prediction is at least in part based on a spatial map of the environment.

28. A method for wireless communication by a network entity, the method comprising: Send control signaling to the user equipment (UE), the control signaling instructing the UE to use sensing information sensed by the UE to predict signal quality measurements of neighboring network entities; as well as The UE receives a measurement report indicating a signal quality measurement prediction for the neighboring network entity, based at least in part on the control signaling and the sensing information sensed by the UE.

29. The method according to claim 28, further comprising: The UE receives a capability message indicating the ability to predict signal quality measurements using the sensing information sensed by the UE. The control signaling is at least partially based on the capability messages.

30. The method according to claim 28, further comprising: The UE receives a message indicating that it has generated a spatial map of the environment. The transmission of the control signaling is based at least in part on the message.

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