Linear network and method for dynamic adjustment thereof

Abstract

The application provides a linear network and a relay dynamic adjustment method thereof. The method is applied to a communication front end machine of the linear network. The linear network further comprises a plurality of acquisition stations connected in sequence, and at least one relay acquisition station is arranged in the plurality of acquisition stations. The communication front end machine acquires signal quality margins of each relay acquisition station. The signal quality margin is matched with a peak-to-peak amplitude margin and a signal-to-noise ratio margin of the relay acquisition station. According to the signal quality margin of the relay acquisition station and a preset safety threshold, relay dynamic adjustment is performed. The signal quality margin of the relay acquisition station is acquired to quantify the change of an industrial environment, and then the relay dynamic adjustment is adaptively performed. In the case of guaranteeing the communication signal quality of the acquisition stations in the linear network, the relay layout is optimized, the communication delay and the energy consumption are reduced as much as possible, and the data transmission efficiency is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of communications, and more specifically, to a linear network and a method for dynamic adjustment of its relays. Background Technology

[0002] Existing linear bus relay technology generally adopts a fixed relay method, which means inserting a relay node in the middle of a fixed N nodes, or manually setting intermediate nodes according to the fieldbus to enhance signal excitation and increase communication distance.

[0003] The electromagnetic environment in current industrial bus scenarios is very harsh, with various high and low frequency radiation interferences. Cables themselves have parasitic capacitance and inductance, and the matching of device interface impedance, cable impedance and signal source is difficult to control, making it difficult for existing repeater technologies to adapt to industrial environments. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a linear network and a method for dynamically adjusting its relays, so as to improve the above-mentioned problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a method for dynamic adjustment of a relay in a linear network, applied to a communication front-end in a linear network, wherein the linear network further includes a plurality of sequentially connected acquisition stations, and at least one relay acquisition station is provided among the plurality of acquisition stations;

[0007] Obtain the signal quality margin of each relay acquisition station, wherein the signal quality margin is matched with the peak-to-peak amplitude margin and signal-to-noise ratio margin of the relay acquisition station;

[0008] Based on the signal quality margin and preset safety threshold of the relay acquisition station, the relay is dynamically adjusted.

[0009] Optionally, the preset security threshold includes a shifted security threshold, and the dynamic adjustment of the relay based on the signal quality margin of the relay acquisition station and the preset security threshold includes:

[0010] When the signal quality margin of the relay acquisition station is greater than the safety threshold for moving backward, the relay is moved backward, the relay function of the relay acquisition station is turned off, and the relay function of its next acquisition station is turned on as a new relay acquisition station.

[0011] Optionally, the preset safety threshold includes a forward safety threshold, and the step of dynamically adjusting the relay based on the signal quality margin of the relay acquisition station and the preset safety threshold includes:

[0012] When the signal quality margin of the relay acquisition station is less than the forward safety threshold, the relay is moved forward, the relay function of the relay acquisition station is turned off, and the relay function of the previous acquisition station is turned on as the new relay acquisition station.

[0013] Optionally, obtaining the signal quality margin of each relay acquisition station includes:

[0014] When the peak-to-peak amplitude margin of the relay acquisition station is greater than or equal to a preset amplitude safety margin, and the signal-to-noise ratio margin of the relay acquisition station is greater than or equal to a preset signal-to-noise ratio safety margin, the signal quality margin of the relay acquisition station is determined to be a first-level signal quality margin, and the first-level signal quality margin is greater than the shift safety threshold.

[0015] Optionally, after performing dynamic adjustment of the relay based on the signal quality margin and preset safety threshold of the relay acquisition station, the method further includes:

[0016] Based on the adjustment direction and step size of the relay acquisition station undergoing dynamic adjustment, the relay acquisition stations arranged after the dynamically adjusted relay acquisition station are adjusted synchronously.

[0017] Optionally, the method further includes: statistically analyzing the interactive behavior during the operation of the linear network to obtain the real-time communication response rate of each acquisition station;

[0018] The instability starting point is determined based on the real-time communication response rate of each data acquisition station;

[0019] Initiate the relay function of the previous acquisition station of the unstable starting point to serve as a relay acquisition station.

[0020] Optionally, the real-time communication response rate of the previous acquisition station of the unstable starting point is not lower than the response threshold, and the real-time communication response rate of the acquisition stations at and after the unstable starting point is lower than the response threshold.

[0021] Optionally, the unstable starting point is the first acquisition station whose real-time communication response rate is lower than the response threshold. After determining the unstable starting point based on the real-time communication response rate of each acquisition station, the method further includes:

[0022] Determine whether the previous data acquisition station of the unstable starting point has activated the relay function;

[0023] If the relay function has been activated, the unstable starting point is determined to be a faulty data acquisition station. The faulty data acquisition station is ignored, and a new unstable starting point is determined.

[0024] If the relay function has not yet been activated, then activate the relay function of the previous acquisition station of the unstable starting point to serve as the relay acquisition station.

[0025] Optionally, during relay initialization configuration, the method further includes:

[0026] Commands are sent sequentially to I data collection stations, and responses are obtained from each station, where I represents the total number of data collection stations in the linear network.

[0027] After multiple rounds of instructions are issued, the initial communication response rate of each data acquisition station during the relay initialization configuration phase is determined based on the response feedback from each data acquisition station.

[0028] Based on the initial communication response rate of each data acquisition station during the relay initialization configuration phase, an unstable starting point is determined. The real-time communication response rate of the data acquisition station preceding the unstable starting point is not lower than the response threshold, and the real-time communication response rate of the data acquisition station after the unstable starting point is lower than the response threshold.

[0029] Activate the relay function of the previous acquisition station of the unstable starting point to serve as a relay acquisition station;

[0030] The instructions are repeatedly sent to I data collection stations in sequence, and the responses from each data collection station are obtained, until there are no unstable starting points in the linear network.

[0031] Optionally, during relay initialization configuration, the method further includes:

[0032] Send multiple instructions to the i-th data acquisition station and obtain the response feedback from the i-th data acquisition station, 2≤i≤I, where I represents the total number of data acquisition stations in the linear network;

[0033] Based on the response feedback from the i-th acquisition station, determine the initial communication response rate of the i-th acquisition station during the relay initialization configuration phase;

[0034] If the initial communication response rate of the i-th acquisition station is lower than the response threshold, then the relay function of the (i-1)-th acquisition station is activated to serve as a relay acquisition station.

[0035] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a linear network, the linear network including a communication front-end unit and a plurality of sequentially connected acquisition stations, wherein at least one relay acquisition station is provided among the plurality of acquisition stations;

[0036] The communication front-end is used to execute the above-described dynamic adjustment method for linear network relays.

[0037] Compared to existing technologies, this invention provides a linear network and its relay dynamic adjustment method. The method is applied to a communication front-end unit in the linear network, which also includes multiple sequentially connected acquisition stations, among which at least one relay acquisition station is provided. The communication front-end unit acquires the signal quality margin of each relay acquisition station, wherein the signal quality margin is matched with the peak-to-peak amplitude margin and signal-to-noise ratio margin of the relay acquisition station. Based on the signal quality margin of the relay acquisition station and a preset safety threshold, dynamic adjustment of the relay is performed. By acquiring the signal quality margin of the relay acquisition station, changes in the industrial environment are quantified, and adaptive dynamic adjustment of the relay is performed. While ensuring the communication signal quality of the acquisition stations in the linear network, the relay layout is optimized to minimize communication latency and energy consumption, and ensure data transmission efficiency, thus adapting the relay layout to the industrial environment.

[0038] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0040] Figure 1 This is one of the schematic diagrams of the architecture of a linear network provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 2 The second schematic diagram of the linear network architecture provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the data acquisition station architecture provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 4 This is one of the flowcharts illustrating the dynamic adjustment method for linear network relays provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 5 This is the second flowchart illustrating the dynamic adjustment method for linear network relays provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0045] Figure 6 This is the third flowchart illustrating the dynamic adjustment method for linear network relays provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0046] Figure 7 The fourth flowchart illustrates the dynamic adjustment method for linear network relays provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0047] Figure 8 The fifth flowchart illustrates the dynamic adjustment method for linear network relays provided in this embodiment of the invention.

[0048] Figure 9 This is the sixth flowchart illustrating the dynamic adjustment method for linear network relays provided in this embodiment of the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0050] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0051] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures. Furthermore, in the description of this invention, terms such as "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0052] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0053] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of this invention is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0054] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0055] The following detailed description of some embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is one of the schematic diagrams of a linear network architecture provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The linear network includes a communication front-end unit and multiple acquisition stations connected in sequence.

[0057] In this system, a data acquisition station collects sensor data from sensors connected to it via communication and sends the corresponding sensor data to a communication front-end processor, which then uploads the sensor data to a server. In an optional implementation, the communication front-end processor can also be a data acquisition station. The first communication terminal of the first data acquisition station is connected to the communication terminal of the communication front-end processor, and the first communication terminal of the i-th data acquisition station is connected to the second communication terminal of the (i-1)-th data acquisition station, where 2 ≤ i ≤ I, and I represents the total number of data acquisition stations in the linear network. Differential signal lines are used between two data acquisition stations or between a data acquisition station and the communication front-end processor; RS-485 bus or CAN bus can be used, but is not limited to, these lines.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a second schematic diagram of the linear network architecture provided in this embodiment of the invention. At least one relay acquisition station is configured among the multiple acquisition stations. It should be noted that the relay acquisition station forwards the uplink and downlink signals it receives, thereby realizing the relay function. Acquisition stations that do not activate the relay function are essentially connected in parallel on the communication bus and do not forward the received signals. It should be understood that the uplink signal can be a signal fed back from the acquisition station to the communication front-end, and the downlink signal can be a signal sent from the communication front-end to the acquisition station.

[0059] The communication front-end unit in the linear network provided in this embodiment of the invention can execute the following dynamic adjustment method for linear network relays. For a description of the relevant effects, please refer to the following text.

[0060] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a data acquisition station provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The data acquisition station includes a first transceiver unit, a communication processing unit, a second transceiver unit, a core processing unit, and a switching unit.

[0061] The communication processing unit may, but is not limited to, using a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), and the core processing unit may, but is not limited to, using a central processing unit (CPU) or a microcontroller unit (MCU).

[0062] The first communication terminal of the first transceiver unit serves as the first communication terminal of the acquisition station, connecting to the upper-level node of the acquisition station. The upper-level node of the first acquisition station is the communication front-end unit, and the upper-level node of the i-th acquisition station is the (i-1)-th acquisition station. The second communication terminal of the first transceiver unit is connected to the first communication terminal of the communication processing unit, and the second communication terminal of the communication processing unit is connected to the first communication terminal of the second transceiver unit. The second communication terminal of the second transceiver unit serves as the second communication terminal of the acquisition station, connecting to the lower-level node of the acquisition station. The lower-level node of the j-th acquisition station is the (j+1)-th acquisition station, and 1 ≤ J ≤ I-1.

[0063] The switching unit is located between the first communication terminal of the first transceiver unit and the second communication terminal of the second transceiver unit. The core processing unit is connected to the communication processing unit and the switching unit respectively.

[0064] The core processing unit is used to control the switching unit to disconnect and control the communication processing unit to start the forwarding function when it receives the instruction to start the relay function from the communication front-end unit.

[0065] The core processing unit is used to control the switching unit to close and control the communication processing unit to disable the forwarding function when it receives a command to disable the relay function from the communication front-end unit.

[0066] When the communication processing unit starts the forwarding function, it will forward the communication signal received by the first or second transceiver unit to another transceiver unit, so that the other transceiver unit can amplify and compensate the signal before transmitting it, thereby realizing the signal relay function.

[0067] Optionally, the core processing unit is also used to connect to external sensors and feed back the sensor data from the external sensors to the communication front-end unit. External sensors can be, but are not limited to, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, vibration sensors, image sensors, etc.

[0068] To adapt relay technology to industrial environments, this invention provides a dynamic adjustment method for linear network relays, applied to the communication front-end unit in the linear network described above. During the operation of the linear network, at least one relay acquisition station is configured among multiple acquisition stations. Please refer to... Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is one of the flowcharts illustrating the dynamic adjustment method for linear network relays provided in an embodiment of the present invention. The dynamic adjustment method for linear network relays includes S21 and S22, which are described in detail below.

[0069] S21, obtain the signal quality margin of each relay acquisition station.

[0070] The signal quality margin is matched with the peak-to-peak amplitude margin and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) margin of the relay acquisition station. The relay acquisition station can obtain the signal quality margin based on its own peak-to-peak amplitude margin and SNR margin, and then send the obtained signal quality margin to the communication front-end processor; alternatively, the relay acquisition station can send its own peak-to-peak amplitude margin and SNR margin to the communication front-end processor, which will then calculate the signal quality margin of the relay acquisition station, further reducing the computational power requirements of the acquisition station.

[0071] The signal quality margin here refers to the signal quality margin of each relay acquisition station during the operation of the linear network.

[0072] S22, dynamically adjust the relay based on the signal quality margin of the relay acquisition station and the preset safety threshold.

[0073] The signal quality margin of a relay acquisition station is related to its electromagnetic environment, cable parasitic parameters, and connector impedance. By obtaining the signal quality margin of the relay acquisition station and dynamically adjusting the relay accordingly, when the bus electromagnetic environment improves or connector impedance or cable distribution parameters improve, increasing the number of acquisition stations between adjacent relay acquisition stations can ensure communication quality while reducing the number of bus relays, reducing communication latency and energy consumption, and improving data transmission efficiency. Conversely, when electromagnetic interference intensifies, cable parasitic parameters are affected, or connector impedance increases, reducing the number of acquisition stations between adjacent relay acquisition stations can further improve the communication quality of each acquisition station on the bus and ensure the integrity of the communication signal.

[0074] The linear network relay dynamic adjustment method provided in this embodiment of the invention obtains the signal quality margin of the relay acquisition station to quantify changes in the industrial environment, and then adaptively performs dynamic adjustment of the relay. While ensuring the communication signal quality of the acquisition station in the linear network, it optimizes the relay layout, minimizes communication delay and energy consumption, and ensures data transmission efficiency.

[0075] Optionally, the preset safety threshold includes a backward safety threshold and a forward safety threshold, and the forward safety threshold is less than the backward safety threshold. Based on this, regarding the content of S22, this embodiment of the invention also provides an optional implementation method, please refer to the following. S22, based on the signal quality margin of the relay acquisition station and the preset safety threshold, performs dynamic adjustment of the relay, including: S221 and S222, which are specifically described below.

[0076] S221, when the signal quality margin of the relay acquisition station is greater than the safety threshold for moving backward, the relay is moved backward, the relay function of the relay acquisition station is turned off, and the relay function of its next acquisition station is turned on as a new relay acquisition station.

[0077] For example, if the Mth acquisition station is a relay acquisition station with the relay function enabled, and the signal quality margin of this relay acquisition station is greater than the safety threshold for moving back, then the relay function of the Mth acquisition station is disabled, and the relay function of the (M+1)th acquisition station is enabled, with the (M+1)th acquisition station serving as the new relay acquisition station.

[0078] If the signal quality margin of a relay acquisition station is greater than the safety threshold for moving it back, it indicates that the communication environment in which the relay acquisition station is located has been optimized. For example, the electromagnetic environment of the bus has improved, or the impedance of the connector or the distributed parameters of the cable have been improved. Even if the relay function is not activated, the communication quality of the next acquisition station can be guaranteed. Therefore, moving the relay back and increasing the number of acquisition stations between adjacent relay acquisition stations can ensure communication quality while reducing the number of bus relays, reducing communication latency and energy consumption, and improving data transmission efficiency.

[0079] S222: When the signal quality margin of the relay acquisition station is less than the forward safety threshold, the relay will be moved forward, the relay function of the relay acquisition station will be turned off, and the relay function of the previous acquisition station will be turned on as the new relay acquisition station.

[0080] For example, if the Mth acquisition station is a relay acquisition station with the relay function enabled, and M is greater than or equal to 2, if the signal quality margin of the relay acquisition station is less than the forward safety threshold, then the relay function of the Mth acquisition station is disabled, and the relay function of the (M-1)th acquisition station is enabled, and the (M-1)th acquisition station becomes the new relay acquisition station.

[0081] If the signal quality margin of a relay acquisition station is less than the forward safety threshold, it indicates that the communication environment of the relay acquisition station has deteriorated and can no longer guarantee the signal quality received by the Mth acquisition station. Therefore, the relay is moved forward to reduce the number of acquisition stations between adjacent relay acquisition stations, further improve the communication quality of each acquisition station on the bus, and ensure the integrity of the communication signal.

[0082] If the signal quality margin of the relay acquisition station is greater than or equal to the forward safety threshold and less than the backward safety threshold, the relay will not migrate and will maintain the relay function of the relay acquisition station.

[0083] Based on the preceding text, regarding the content of S21, this embodiment of the invention also provides an optional implementation method, please refer to the following. S21, obtaining the signal quality margin of each relay acquisition station, includes: S211, S212 and S213, which are specifically described below.

[0084] S211, when the peak-to-peak amplitude margin of the relay acquisition station is greater than or equal to the preset amplitude safety margin, and the signal-to-noise ratio margin of the relay acquisition station is greater than or equal to the preset signal-to-noise ratio safety margin, the signal quality margin of the relay acquisition station is determined to be the first-level signal quality margin, and the first-level signal quality margin is greater than the shifted safety threshold.

[0085] S212, when the peak-to-peak amplitude margin of the relay acquisition station is greater than or equal to 0, and the signal-to-noise ratio margin of the relay acquisition station is greater than or equal to 0, if the peak-to-peak amplitude margin of the relay acquisition station is less than the preset amplitude safety margin, or the signal-to-noise ratio margin of the relay acquisition station is less than the preset signal-to-noise ratio safety margin, the signal quality margin of the relay acquisition station is determined to be the second-level signal quality margin, and the forward safety threshold ≤ the second-level signal quality margin ≤ the backward safety threshold.

[0086] S213, when the peak-to-peak amplitude margin of the relay acquisition station is less than 0, or the signal-to-noise ratio margin of the relay acquisition station is less than 0, the signal quality margin of the relay acquisition station is determined to be the third-level signal quality margin, which is less than the forward safety threshold.

[0087] Optionally, the formulas for peak-to-peak amplitude margin and signal-to-noise ratio margin are:

[0088]

[0089] in, Indicates peak-to-peak amplitude margin, applicable to differential bus signals such as RS-485 bus and CAN bus. This represents the actual peak-to-peak value (V) of the received differential signal. It represents the critical minimum differential peak value of the system (V, such as the RS-485 critical value, which is usually 200mV).

[0090] The amplitude safety margin can be set to 50mV. Taking the RS-485 bus as an example, The critical minimum differential peak value of the system is 200mV. The actual received differential signal peak-to-peak value is 300mV, then The peak-to-peak amplitude margin is 100mV, which is greater than the amplitude safety margin of 50mV, and the amplitude margin meets the communication requirements.

[0091] Optionally, the signal-to-noise ratio margin is calculated as follows:

[0092]

[0093] in, This represents the actual signal-to-noise ratio (decibels, dB). Indicates the amplitude (V) of the signal. Indicates the amplitude (V) of the noise. Indicates the signal-to-noise ratio margin (dB). This represents the critical signal-to-noise ratio (dB). The critical signal-to-noise ratio is determined by the modulation scheme and the bit error rate, such as BPSK modulation with a bit error rate of 10⁻⁶. -6 At that time, the critical signal-to-noise ratio was approximately 6.8 dB; QPSK modulation, bit error rate 10 -6 At that time, the critical signal-to-noise ratio is approximately 10.5 dB.

[0094] Signal-to-noise ratio safety margin: such as industrial wireless communication systems (QPSK modulation, bit error rate 10). -6 The acceptable threshold is MSNRthreshold ≥ 3dB; if the measured MSNR = 5dB, then 5dB ≥ 3dB, and the signal-to-noise ratio margin is acceptable.

[0095] In one optional implementation, the preset security threshold includes N levels of security thresholds from low to high, where N is an adjustable level with a value greater than or equal to 2. Based on this, regarding the content of S21 and S22, this embodiment of the invention also provides an optional implementation, please refer to the following: S21, obtaining the signal quality margin of each relay acquisition station, including: S214 and S215.

[0096] S214. When the peak-to-peak amplitude margin of the relay acquisition station is less than 0, or the signal-to-noise ratio margin of the relay acquisition station is less than 0, the signal quality margin of the relay acquisition station is determined to be the alarm-level signal quality margin. The alarm-level signal quality margin is less than the first-level safety threshold (equivalent to the forward safety threshold mentioned above). At this time, the relay is moved forward, the relay function of the relay acquisition station is turned off, and the relay function of its predecessor acquisition station is turned on, making it a new relay acquisition station.

[0097] S215, when the peak-to-peak amplitude margin of the relay acquisition station is greater than or equal to 0, and the signal-to-noise ratio margin of the relay acquisition station is greater than or equal to 0, a weighted operation can be performed based on the peak-to-peak amplitude margin and the signal-to-noise ratio margin of the relay acquisition station to obtain the overall signal quality margin.

[0098] S22, based on the signal quality margin of the relay acquisition station and the preset safety threshold, performs dynamic adjustment of the relay, including: S223 and S224, as follows.

[0099] S223, when the signal quality margin is greater than the nth level security threshold (2≤n≤N), the relay is moved backward, the relay function of the relay acquisition station is turned off, and the relay function of the (n-1)th subsequent acquisition station is turned on as a new relay acquisition station.

[0100] This approach can be applied to quickly relocate relays and restore the communication quality of linear networks in the event of sudden changes in the communication environment.

[0101] S224: When the signal quality margin is less than the first-level security threshold, the relay will be moved forward, the relay function of the relay acquisition station will be turned off, and the relay function of the previous acquisition station will be turned on as the new relay acquisition station.

[0102] It should be noted that the process of obtaining the signal quality margin of each relay acquisition station can also be completed by the relay acquisition station itself, and the self-tested signal quality margin can be sent to the communication front-end unit.

[0103] To further improve the efficiency of relay adjustment, this embodiment of the invention also provides an optional implementation method, please refer to... Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is the second flowchart illustrating the dynamic adjustment method for linear network relays provided in this embodiment of the invention. In S22, after performing dynamic adjustment of the relay based on the signal quality margin of the relay acquisition station and a preset safety threshold, the dynamic adjustment method for linear network relays further includes S23, as detailed below.

[0104] S23, based on the adjustment direction and adjustment step size of the relay acquisition station that is dynamically adjusted, the relay acquisition stations arranged after the dynamically adjusted relay acquisition station are synchronously adjusted.

[0105] It should be understood that the adjustment direction and adjustment step size remain unchanged to ensure the communication signal quality of subsequent acquisition points. For example, if the Mth acquisition station and the M+kth acquisition station are relay acquisition stations with relay functions enabled, when the relay function of the Mth acquisition station is disabled and the relay function of the M+1th acquisition station is enabled, the M+kth acquisition station is adjusted synchronously. Specifically, the relay function of the M+kth acquisition station is disabled and the relay function of the M+k+1th acquisition station is enabled.

[0106] To ensure the communication signal quality of the data acquisition station, relay adjustments can be made based on the real-time communication response rate of the data acquisition station. Please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is the third flowchart illustrating the dynamic adjustment method for linear network relays provided in this embodiment of the invention. The dynamic adjustment method for linear network relays further includes steps S31, S32, and S34, which are described in detail below.

[0107] S31, statistical analysis of the interactive behavior during the operation of the linear network to obtain the real-time communication response rate of each acquisition station.

[0108] Optionally, the formula for the communication response rate is:

[0109]

[0110] in, This indicates the real-time communication response rate of the data acquisition station. This indicates the number of valid responses from the data acquisition station within the real-time communication window (which can be, but is not limited to, a sliding window or a continuous window). This indicates the number of commands issued corresponding to the real-time communication window. It should be understood that the duration of the real-time communication window is not fixed; the corresponding time is the time most recently sent to the acquisition station. The timing of each instruction, whether using a sliding window or a continuous window, does not affect the calculation method of the communication response rate; what changes is the update frequency of the communication response rate. Assuming that the number of instructions issued for the real-time communication window is 5, the sliding window can be divided into (1-5), (2-6), (3-7), (4-8), (5-9), and (6-10), while the continuous window can be divided into (1-5) and (6-10).

[0111] S32 determines the unstable starting point based on the real-time communication response rate of each acquisition station.

[0112] Specifically, the real-time communication response rate of the acquisition station preceding the unstable starting point must not be lower than the response threshold, while the real-time communication response rate of the acquisition stations at and after the unstable starting point must be lower than the response threshold. This is to avoid mistaking the fault of the acquisition station itself for a problem in the linear network communication environment and mistakenly setting up a relay acquisition station before the faulty acquisition station, thus avoiding unnecessary delays.

[0113] Alternatively, the unstable starting point is the first acquisition station whose real-time communication response rate is lower than the response threshold.

[0114] S34, activate the relay function of the previous acquisition station of the unstable starting point to act as a relay acquisition station.

[0115] In the case where the unstable starting point is the first data acquisition station whose real-time communication response rate is lower than the response threshold, to avoid the impact of data acquisition station malfunctions on relay dynamic adjustments, this embodiment of the invention also provides an optional implementation method, please refer to... Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is the fourth flowchart illustrating the dynamic adjustment method for linear network relays provided in this embodiment of the invention. In S32, after determining the instability starting point based on the real-time communication response rate of each acquisition station, the method further includes S33 and S35, which are described in detail below.

[0116] S33: Determine whether the relay function has been activated at the previous data acquisition station of the unstable starting point. If the relay function has been activated, proceed to S35; otherwise, proceed to S34.

[0117] S35, the unstable starting point is determined to be the fault acquisition station, and the fault acquisition station is ignored.

[0118] After S35, S31 is re-executed to identify the new instability starting point. By ignoring the faulty acquisition station, the relay layout is completed, ensuring the communication signal quality of other acquisition stations.

[0119] If the relay function has not yet been activated, then activate the relay function of the previous data acquisition station at the unstable starting point to serve as the relay data acquisition station.

[0120] Building upon the preceding text, this embodiment of the invention also provides an optional implementation method for completing the relay initialization configuration. Please refer to [link / reference needed]. Figure 8 , Figure 8 This is the fifth flowchart illustrating the dynamic adjustment method for linear network relays provided in this embodiment of the invention. During relay initialization configuration, the dynamic adjustment method for linear network relays further includes steps S101 to S104, which are described in detail below.

[0121] S101, sequentially send instructions to I data acquisition stations and obtain the response feedback from each data acquisition station, where I represents the total number of data acquisition stations in the linear network.

[0122] S102, after multiple rounds of issuing instructions, determines the initial communication response rate of each acquisition station during the relay initialization configuration phase based on the response feedback from each acquisition station.

[0123] S103. Determine the unstable starting point based on the initial communication response rate of each data acquisition station during the relay initialization configuration phase.

[0124] Among them, the real-time communication response rate of the previous acquisition station of the unstable starting point is not lower than the response threshold, and the real-time communication response rate of the acquisition stations at and after the unstable starting point is lower than the response threshold, so as to avoid mistaking the failure of the acquisition station itself as a problem of the linear network communication environment and mistakenly setting up a relay acquisition station before the faulty acquisition station, thus avoiding unnecessary delay.

[0125] S104, activate the relay function of the previous acquisition station of the unstable starting point to act as a relay acquisition station.

[0126] After S104, instructions are repeatedly sent to I acquisition stations in sequence, and responses are obtained from each acquisition station until there are no unstable starting points in the linear network.

[0127] Building upon the preceding text, this invention provides an optional implementation method for reducing the number of command issuances and improving relay adjustment efficiency during relay initialization configuration. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a flowchart illustrating the dynamic adjustment method for linear network relays provided in this embodiment of the invention. During relay initialization configuration, the dynamic adjustment method for linear network relays further includes steps S131 to S133, which are described in detail below.

[0128] S131, send multiple instructions to the i-th acquisition station and obtain the response feedback from the i-th acquisition station, 2≤i≤I, where I represents the total number of acquisition stations in the linear network.

[0129] S132, Based on the response feedback from the i-th acquisition station, determine the initial communication response rate of the i-th acquisition station during the relay initialization configuration phase.

[0130] S134, if the initial communication response rate of the i-th acquisition station is lower than the response threshold, then the relay function of the (i-1)-th acquisition station is activated to serve as a relay acquisition station.

[0131] The response threshold can be, but is not limited to, 99%.

[0132] It should be noted that after activating the relay function of the (i-1)th acquisition station, multiple commands can be sent to the ith acquisition station. If the initial communication response rate of the ith acquisition station is still lower than the response threshold, it indicates that the ith acquisition station is a faulty acquisition station. Ignore the ith acquisition station and disable the relay function of the (i-1)th acquisition station. Let i = i + 1, repeat sending multiple commands to the ith acquisition station, and obtain the response feedback from the ith acquisition station.

[0133] After activating the relay function of the (i-1)th acquisition station, if the initial communication response rate of the ith acquisition station is not lower than the response threshold, let i = i+1, repeatedly send multiple instructions to the ith acquisition station, and obtain the response feedback from the ith acquisition station.

[0134] In summary, this invention provides a linear network and a method for dynamic adjustment of its relays. The method is applied to a communication front-end unit in a linear network, which also includes multiple sequentially connected acquisition stations, among which at least one relay acquisition station is provided. The communication front-end unit acquires the signal quality margin of each relay acquisition station, wherein the signal quality margin is matched with the peak-to-peak amplitude margin and signal-to-noise ratio margin of the relay acquisition station. Based on the signal quality margin of the relay acquisition station and a preset safety threshold, dynamic adjustment of the relays is performed. By acquiring the signal quality margin of the relay acquisition stations, changes in the industrial environment are quantified, and adaptive dynamic adjustment of the relays is performed. This optimizes the relay layout while ensuring the communication signal quality of the acquisition stations in the linear network, minimizing communication latency and energy consumption, and ensuring data transmission efficiency.

[0135] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0136] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for dynamic adjustment of relays in a linear network, characterized in that, A communication front-end unit applied to a linear network, wherein the linear network further includes multiple data acquisition stations connected in sequence, and at least one relay data acquisition station is provided among the multiple data acquisition stations; Obtaining the signal quality margin of each relay acquisition station includes: when the peak-to-peak amplitude margin of the relay acquisition station is greater than or equal to a preset amplitude safety margin, and the signal-to-noise ratio margin of the relay acquisition station is greater than or equal to a preset signal-to-noise ratio safety margin, the signal quality margin of the relay acquisition station is determined to be a first-level signal quality margin, and the first-level signal quality margin is greater than a shifted safety threshold. Based on the signal quality margin and preset safety threshold of the relay acquisition station, the relay is dynamically adjusted, including: when the signal quality margin of the relay acquisition station is greater than the backward safety threshold, the relay is moved backward, the relay function of the relay acquisition station is turned off, and the relay function of the next acquisition station is turned on as a new relay acquisition station.

2. The method for dynamic adjustment of linear network relays as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The preset safety threshold includes a forward safety threshold, and the dynamic adjustment of the relay based on the signal quality margin of the relay acquisition station and the preset safety threshold includes: When the signal quality margin of the relay acquisition station is less than the forward safety threshold, the relay is moved forward, the relay function of the relay acquisition station is turned off, and the relay function of the previous acquisition station is turned on as the new relay acquisition station.

3. The method for dynamic adjustment of linear network relays as described in claim 1, characterized in that, After dynamically adjusting the relay based on the signal quality margin and preset safety threshold of the relay acquisition station, the method further includes: Based on the adjustment direction and step size of the relay acquisition station undergoing dynamic adjustment, the relay acquisition stations arranged after the dynamically adjusted relay acquisition station are adjusted synchronously.

4. The method for dynamic adjustment of linear network relays as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: The interactive behavior during the operation of the linear network is statistically analyzed to obtain the real-time communication response rate of each data acquisition station. The instability starting point is determined based on the real-time communication response rate of each data acquisition station; Initiate the relay function of the previous acquisition station of the unstable starting point to serve as a relay acquisition station.

5. The method for dynamic adjustment of linear network relays as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The real-time communication response rate of the previous acquisition station of the unstable starting point is not lower than the response threshold, and the real-time communication response rate of the acquisition stations at and after the unstable starting point is lower than the response threshold.

6. The method for dynamic adjustment of linear network relays as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The unstable starting point is the first acquisition station whose real-time communication response rate is lower than the response threshold. After determining the unstable starting point based on the real-time communication response rate of each acquisition station, the method further includes: Determine whether the previous data acquisition station of the unstable starting point has activated the relay function; If the relay function has been activated, the unstable starting point is determined to be a faulty data acquisition station. The faulty data acquisition station is ignored, and a new unstable starting point is determined. If the relay function has not yet been activated, then activate the relay function of the previous acquisition station of the unstable starting point to serve as the relay acquisition station.

7. The method for dynamic adjustment of linear network relays as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes the following when performing relay initialization configuration: Commands are sent sequentially to I data collection stations, and responses are obtained from each station, where I represents the total number of data collection stations in the linear network. After multiple rounds of instructions are issued, the initial communication response rate of each data acquisition station during the relay initialization configuration phase is determined based on the response feedback from each data acquisition station. Based on the initial communication response rate of each data acquisition station during the relay initialization configuration phase, an unstable starting point is determined. The real-time communication response rate of the data acquisition station preceding the unstable starting point is not lower than the response threshold, and the real-time communication response rate of the data acquisition station after the unstable starting point is lower than the response threshold. Activate the relay function of the previous acquisition station of the unstable starting point to serve as a relay acquisition station; The instructions are repeatedly sent to I data collection stations in sequence, and the responses from each data collection station are obtained, until there are no unstable starting points in the linear network.

8. The method for dynamic adjustment of linear network relays as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes the following when performing relay initialization configuration: Send multiple instructions to the i-th data acquisition station and obtain the response feedback from the i-th data acquisition station, 2≤i≤I, where I represents the total number of data acquisition stations in the linear network; Based on the response feedback from the i-th acquisition station, determine the initial communication response rate of the i-th acquisition station during the relay initialization configuration phase; If the initial communication response rate of the i-th acquisition station is lower than the response threshold, then the relay function of the (i-1)-th acquisition station is activated to serve as a relay acquisition station.

9. A linear network, characterized in that, The linear network includes a communication front-end unit and multiple data acquisition stations connected in sequence, wherein at least one relay data acquisition station is provided among the multiple data acquisition stations; The communication front-end is used to execute the linear network relay dynamic adjustment method according to any one of claims 1-8.

10. The linear network as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The acquisition station includes a first transceiver unit, a communication processing unit, a second transceiver unit, a core processing unit, and a switching unit; The first communication terminal of the first transceiver unit serves as the first communication terminal of the acquisition station for connecting to the upper-level node of the acquisition station. The second communication terminal of the first transceiver unit is connected to the first communication terminal of the communication processing unit. The second communication terminal of the communication processing unit is connected to the first communication terminal of the second transceiver unit. The second communication terminal of the second transceiver unit serves as the second communication terminal of the acquisition station for connecting to the lower-level node of the acquisition station. The switching unit is located between the first communication terminal of the first transceiver unit and the second communication terminal of the second transceiver unit, and the core processing unit is connected to the communication processing unit and the switching unit respectively. The core processing unit is used to control the switching unit to disconnect and control the communication processing unit to start the forwarding function when it receives the instruction to start the relay function from the communication front-end machine. The core processing unit is used to control the switching unit to close and the communication processing unit to disable the forwarding function when it receives a command to disable the relay function from the communication front-end unit.

11. The linear network as described in claim 10, characterized in that, The core processing unit is also used to connect to external sensors and feed back the sensor data of the external sensors to the communication front-end unit.

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