A drill and bone scraper device for use in a transpedicular approach and method of use

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of orthopedic surgery, more specifically to a drilling and bone scraping device used in the transpedicular approach and a method for using the same; the method is: verifying the puncture position under fluoroscopy during the operation; connecting the inclined angle connector in the operating room, gradually expanding the bone channel by adjusting the drilling and bone scraping device; using the drilling and bone scraping device with different angles to reach the intervertebral space through the bone channel, and preferentially scraping off the hardened bone; controlling the drilling and bone scraping device and the drilling guard frame to align the position for drilling or scraping the bone channel; blocking the foreign matter around the drilling position by the drilling guard frame, recycling the bone debris during the drilling process, and completing the drilling of the bone channel; placing the funnel designed into the target intervertebral space through the bone channel, and knocking the bone graft material into the intervertebral space; the present application solves the problem of being unable to automatically punch at a specified angle and depth during the transpedicular approach.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of orthopedic surgery technology, and more specifically to a drilling and scraping device and its method of use for transpedicular approach. Background Technology

[0002] Intervertebral disc-related diseases are among the most common conditions encountered in spinal surgery. Surgical intervention of the intervertebral disc-related space typically requires either a posterior approach, bypassing the nerves within the spinal canal, or an anterior approach via the chest and abdomen. In these cases, both conventional and laparoscopic surgery inevitably carry the risk of damage to nerves, blood vessels within the spinal canal, or abdominal and thoracic organs. In certain specific situations, such as old fractures in ankylosing spondylitis or relatively mild cases of intervertebral disc infection, where only simple intervention or bone grafting is needed, conventional surgical approaches carry significant risks and potential trauma. Therefore, a surgical approach was designed to directly reach the intervertebral space via the pedicle of the lower vertebral body, called the transpedicular approach. A hole is drilled inward and upward through a specially designed instrument at the lower pedicle where the screw was originally planned. This allows for safe and non-invasive access to the intervertebral space above the vertebral body via the bone canal, enabling procedures such as sclerotic bone scraping, lesion removal, and bone grafting. This surgical approach operates entirely through the bone structure, avoiding potential complications associated with transspinal or transthoracic / abdominal approaches. It is similar to patent number CN201610082256.0, a universal percutaneous pedicle screw-rod internal fixation system, which includes pedicle screws, longitudinal connecting rods, puncture cones, guide pins, expansion cores, and screw placement guides. The system includes a socket, a hollow flat file, a hollow tap, a nail inserter, a rod holder, a tightening plug holder, a screwdriver, a spreading and pressurizing device, and an anti-torque socket wrench. The spreading and pressurizing device comprises a first spreading and pressurizing arm, a second spreading and pressurizing arm, a first connector, a second connector, and a support rod. The first and second connectors are connected to the support rod and their spacing is adjustable. The first spreading and pressurizing arm is detachably hinged to the first connector, and the second spreading and pressurizing arm is detachably hinged to the second connector. One end of both the first and second spreading and pressurizing arms has a slot, and the other ends of the first and second spreading and pressurizing arms are connected to a progressive force application mechanism. This system is flexible, simple, quick, and labor-saving, capable of gradually spreading or pressurizing in stages, and has a powerful and effective spreading or pressurizing effect; however, this structure cannot automatically drill holes at specified angles and depths during transpedicle approach. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problem that the existing technology cannot automatically drill holes at a specified angle and depth during the transpedicle approach; the self-designed related instruments are convenient to use, simple and safe to operate, and can achieve fully automated control. Compared with the traditional hand-held method of expanding the bone tunnel, it can more effectively improve the surgeon's physical strength, improve surgical efficiency, and ensure surgical results.

[0004] Therefore, the technical solution adopted is a drilling and scraping device and its usage method for use via the pedicle approach of the present invention, which includes a connecting protective frame, an inclined angle connector hinged to the upper end of the connecting protective frame for drilling angle adjustment, a drilling scraper provided inside the connecting protective frame for drilling, and a drilling guard provided inside the connecting protective frame for drilling protection by synchronous displacement with the drilling scraper.

[0005] Preferably, the tilt angle connector includes a connecting screw, a tilting rotary driver for tilting the rotation angle is fixed inside the connecting screw, the drive shaft of the tilting rotary driver is connected to the connecting seat through a coupling, a hinged outer disk is fixed to the outer wall of the connecting seat, a spherical groove is provided inside the connecting seat, a ball is fitted inside the spherical groove, the connecting seat is hinged to the tilting connecting ball seat rod through the ball, and balls are fixed at both ends of the tilting connecting ball seat rod.

[0006] Preferably, an outer hinge seat is hinged on the hinged outer disk, and a tilting hydraulic actuator is fixed on the outer hinge seat. The telescopic shaft of the tilting hydraulic actuator is hinged to the fixed hinge seat through a short shaft.

[0007] Preferably, the fixed hinge seat is fixed at the eccentric position of the upper end of the connecting protection frame; a spherical groove is provided at the center of the upper end of the connecting protection frame, and the connecting protection frame is inclinedly connected to the ball seat rod through a spherical hinge.

[0008] Preferably, the drilling scraper includes a drilling scraper support seat, which is disposed within the connecting protection frame. A drilling rotary driver and a drilling extension hydraulic driver are fixed on the drilling scraper support seat. The drive shaft of the drilling rotary driver drives the spline shaft rod to rotate through a coupling. A drilling extension connecting plate is fixed on the telescopic shaft of the drilling extension hydraulic driver.

[0009] Preferably, a drilled spline shaft is inserted into the spline hole of the spline shaft rod, and a suction shaft outer frame is rotatably provided on the outer surface of the upper end of the drilled spline shaft through a mechanical seal. The suction shaft outer frame is fixed to the inner wall of the drilled extension connecting plate.

[0010] Preferably, the drilled spline shaft is uniformly provided with multiple internal connecting holes, all of which are connected to the central air hole. The upper and lower ends of the suction shaft outer frame are rotatably mounted inside the drilled spline shaft through mechanical seals. The side end of the suction shaft outer frame is connected to a suction connecting pipe, which is fixed and connected to the suction vacuum cylinder. The suction vacuum cylinder is fixed inside the drilled extension connecting plate. The suction vacuum cylinder is equipped with a suction vacuum pump that generates negative pressure, and a recovery cylinder is connected to the suction vacuum cylinder through a threaded connection.

[0011] Preferably, the lower end of the drilling spline shaft is connected to the drilling head via a sealing thread, the center of the drilling head is provided with a vacuum center hole, the vacuum center hole is connected to the center air hole, and the lower end of the drilling head is provided with a threaded drill bit with multiple drill holes, all of which are connected to the vacuum center hole.

[0012] Preferably, the drilling frame protector includes a hydraulic horizontal transverse actuator, which is fixed to the side wall inside the connecting protective frame. The hydraulic horizontal transverse actuator drives the drive slide plate to slide laterally within the connecting protective frame. Multiple synchronous horizontal longitudinal actuators are fixed on the drive slide plate. The telescopic shafts of the multiple synchronous horizontal longitudinal actuators are all connected to the drilling scraper support seat and two connecting cylinders of the drilling scraper through connecting rods. An adjustment actuator is fixed on the connecting cylinder. The screw shaft on the adjustment actuator drives the adjustment limit slide seat to slide within the connecting cylinder through threaded engagement. An adjustment drive rod is fixed on the adjustment limit slide seat. A guard frame is fixed to the lower end of the adjustment drive rod. The guard frame is set around the drill bit of the drilling scraper.

[0013] A method of using a drilling and scraping device for transpedicular access includes the following steps:

[0014] S1: Intraoperative fluoroscopy to verify the puncture location;

[0015] S2: Connect the tilt angle connector to the operating room and gradually enlarge the bone tunnel by adjusting the drilling scraper;

[0016] S2: Using an adjustable drill scraper at different angles, the bone canal is used to reach the intervertebral space, and sclerotic bone is scraped away first.

[0017] S3: Control and adjust the alignment of the drilling scraper and drilling guard to drill or scrape the bone.

[0018] S4: The drill guard blocks foreign objects around the drilling location, and the drill scraper collects bone fragments during the drilling process to complete the bone tunnel drilling.

[0019] S5: The funnel designed for implementation is placed into the target intervertebral space through the bone tunnel, and the bone graft material is implanted into the intervertebral space by tapping.

[0020] S6: The bone graft was visualized again, and the pedicle screws were implanted into the pedicle as a bone tunnel using the conventional method.

[0021] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures particularly pointed out in this application.

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0023] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used in conjunction with embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention in a first orientation.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall second-direction structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the tilt angle connector of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the tilt angle connector of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the tilt angle connector and the connection protection frame of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drilling guard frame of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drilling guard frame of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drilling guard frame of the present invention. Figure 3 ;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drilling guard frame of the present invention. Figure 4 ;

[0034] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drilling scraper of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0035] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drilling scraper of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0036] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drilling scraper of the present invention. Figure 3 ;

[0037] Figure 14This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drilling extension connecting plate of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the suction system of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 16 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the drilled spline shaft of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the suction shaft outer frame of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drill bit of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the drill bit of the present invention.

[0043] In the diagram: 1. Inclined angle connector; 2. Connecting protective frame; 3. Drill scraper; 4. Drill guard frame; 6. Connecting screw; 7. Inclined rotary actuator; 8. Connecting seat; 9. Hinge outer disc; 10. Inclined connecting ball seat rod; 11. Ball; 12. Outer hinge seat; 13. Inclined hydraulic actuator; 14. Fixed hinge seat; 15. Hydraulic horizontal transverse actuator; 16. Drive slide plate; 17. Multiple synchronous horizontal longitudinal actuators; 18. Connecting rod; 19. Connecting cylinder; 20. Adjusting actuator; 21. Adjusting limit slide; 22. Adjusting connecting rod; 23. Protective outer frame; 24. Drill scraper support seat; 25. Drill rotary actuator; 26. Drill extension hydraulic actuator; 27. Splined shaft hole rod; 28. Drill extension connecting plate; 29. ​​Drill splined shaft; 30. Suction vacuum cylinder; 31. Suction vacuum pump; 32. Recovery cylinder; 33. Suction shaft outer frame; 34. Internal connecting hole; 35. Suction connecting pipe; 36. Drill head; 37. Vacuum center hole; 38. Drill bit hole. Detailed Implementation

[0044] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0045] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "middle," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application. The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0046] Furthermore, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0047] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0048] Example 1: As Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a drilling and scraping device and its method of use for use via pedicle approach include a connecting protective frame 2, an inclined angle connector 1 hinged to the upper end of the connecting protective frame 2 for drilling angle adjustment, a drilling scraper 3 provided inside the connecting protective frame 2 for drilling, and a drilling guard 4 provided inside the connecting protective frame 2 for drilling protection by synchronous displacement with the drilling scraper 3.

[0049] The working principle and beneficial effects of this embodiment are as follows: By connecting the tilt angle connector 1 to a designated high-hanging suspension frame or top frame in the operating room, the location where drilling or grinding is required during surgery is determined; by controlling and adjusting the tilt angle connector 1, the connecting protective frame 2 is tilted to align with the inclined drilling point, and the tilt angle is determined; the drilling scraper 3 and the drilling frame guard 4 are controlled and adjusted to align with the position for drilling or grinding to the designated location; the drilling frame guard 4 blocks foreign objects around the drilling location, and the drilling scraper 3 collects bone fragments during the drilling process; after drilling or grinding is completed, the drilling scraper 3 is retracted, and the drilling frame guard 4 is retracted to complete the drilling; thus, the entire process is automated, thereby solving the problem of not being able to automatically drill at a specified angle and depth during transpedicle approach.

[0050] The standard surgical procedure exposes the pedicles, and a guide pin is inserted into the pedicle intended as the surgical approach. Intraoperative fluoroscopy verifies the puncture location, and pedicle screws are placed into the remaining pedicles. After fluoroscopy confirms that the puncture direction and angle are satisfactory, a comprehensive device is used to gradually expand the bone tunnel. A scraping tool at different angles is used to reach the intervertebral space through the bone tunnel, scraping away as much sclerotic bone, intervertebral disc tissue, and superior and inferior cartilaginous endplates as possible. The designed funnel is placed into the target intervertebral space through the bone tunnel, and bone graft material (autologous bone, allogeneic bone, and BMP) is implanted into the intervertebral space by tapping. After fluoroscopy confirms that the bone graft is satisfactory, pedicle screws are then inserted into the pedicles serving as the bone tunnel using standard methods.

[0051] Based on Example 1, further, such as Figure 1 — Figure 19 As shown, a drilling and scraping device and its method of use for pedicle approach are disclosed. The tilt angle connector 1 includes a connecting screw plate 6. A tilt rotation driver 7 for tilting the rotation angle is fixed inside the connecting screw plate 6. The drive shaft of the tilt rotation driver 7 is connected to the connecting seat 8 through a coupling. A hinged outer plate 9 is fixed to the outer wall of the connecting seat 8. A spherical groove is provided inside the connecting seat 8. A ball 11 is fitted inside the spherical groove. The connecting seat 8 is hinged to the tilt connecting ball seat rod 10 through the ball 11. Both ends of the tilt connecting ball seat rod 10 are fixed with balls 11.

[0052] The working principle and beneficial effects of this embodiment are as follows: The connecting screw plate 6 is threadedly connected to a designated high-hanging fixed platform in the operating room, thereby achieving the fixation of the entire device; a tilting rotation driver 7 for tilting the rotation angle is fixed inside the connecting screw plate 6. After the tilting angle is completed, the tilting rotation driver 7 drives the rotation to determine the adjustment of the tilting angle direction; the drive shaft of the tilting rotation driver 7 is connected to the connecting seat 8 through a coupling, thereby driving the connecting seat 8 to rotate; a spherical groove is provided inside the connecting seat 8, and a ball 11 is fitted inside the spherical groove. The connecting seat 8 is hinged to the tilting connecting ball seat rod 10 through the ball 11. The use of the ball 11 hinge facilitates all-round angle adjustment and prevents interference from the hinge affecting angle changes; both ends of the tilting connecting ball seat rod 10 are fixed with balls 11 for the spherical hinge connection to the angle tilting of the protective frame 2.

[0053] Based on Example 1, further, such as Figure 1 — Figure 19 As shown, a drilling and scraping device and its method of use for use via the pedicle approach are disclosed. The hinged outer plate 9 is hinged with an outer hinge seat 12, and a tilting hydraulic actuator 13 is fixed on the outer hinge seat 12. The telescopic shaft of the tilting hydraulic actuator 13 is hinged to the fixed hinge seat 14 through a short shaft.

[0054] The working principle and beneficial effects of this embodiment are as follows: the hinged outer disk 9 is fixed on the outer wall of the connecting seat 8, thereby realizing the rotation of the hinged outer disk 9, the outer hinge seat 12, the tilting hydraulic drive 13 and the fixed hinge seat 14, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the tilt angle orientation.

[0055] An outer hinge seat 12 is hinged to the outer hinge plate 9, and a tilting hydraulic actuator 13 is fixed on the outer hinge seat 12. The telescopic shaft of the tilting hydraulic actuator 13 is hinged to the fixed hinge seat 14 through a short shaft. By automatically controlling the tilting hydraulic actuator 13, combined with the use of the tilting connecting ball seat rod 10 between the connecting seat 8 and the connecting protective frame 2, the connecting protective frame 2 is tilted. Different angles can be adjusted by control. With rotation, the orientation of the tilt angle can be adjusted. Combined with the usage scenario, the angle and orientation of the corresponding position can be confirmed, which facilitates automatic drilling.

[0056] Based on Example 1, further, such as Figure 1 — Figure 19 As shown, a drilling and scraping device and its method of use for use via pedicle approach are disclosed. The fixed hinge seat 14 is fixed at the eccentric position of the upper end of the connecting protective frame 2. A spherical groove is provided at the center of the upper end of the connecting protective frame 2. The connecting protective frame 2 is hinged to the ball seat rod 10 through the ball 11.

[0057] The working principle and beneficial effects of this embodiment are as follows: by fixing the fixed hinge seat 14 to the eccentric part of the upper end of the connecting protection frame 2, and by providing a spherical groove at the center of the upper end of the connecting protection frame 2, the connecting protection frame 2 is connected to the ball seat rod 10 by the ball 11. The ball seat rod 10 plays a restraining role in the connection between the connecting seat 8 and the connecting protection frame 2, thereby facilitating the driving of the fixed hinge seat 14 to make the connecting protection frame 2 tilt at an angle.

[0058] Based on Example 1, further, such as Figure 1 — Figure 19 As shown, a drilling and scraping device and its method of use for use via the pedicle approach are disclosed. The drilling and scraping device 3 includes a drilling and scraping support 24, which is disposed within a connecting protective frame 2. A drilling rotation driver 25 and a drilling extension hydraulic driver 26 are fixed on the drilling and scraping support 24. The drive shaft of the drilling rotation driver 25 drives the spline shaft hole rod 27 to rotate via a coupling. A drilling extension connecting plate 28 is fixed on the telescopic shaft of the drilling extension hydraulic driver 26.

[0059] The working principle and beneficial effects of this embodiment are as follows: by setting the drilling scraper support 24 inside the connecting protective frame 2, it is convenient for the multiple synchronous horizontal and longitudinal drivers 17 inside the drilling frame protector 4 to synchronously adjust the drilling scraper support 24 in a lateral manner, thereby facilitating the adjustment of lateral displacement.

[0060] By fixing a drilling rotary actuator 25 and a drilling extension hydraulic actuator 26 on the drilling scraper support 24, the drive shaft of the drilling rotary actuator 25 drives the spline shaft hole rod 27 to rotate through a coupling, thereby driving the drilling spline shaft 29 to drive the drill bit 36 ​​to rotate, thus achieving the effect of rotary drilling; a drilling extension connecting plate 28 is fixed on the telescopic shaft of the drilling extension hydraulic actuator 26, and the drilling spline shaft 29 is connected to the drilling extension connecting plate 28 through the suction shaft outer frame 33. Combined with the spline insertion of the drilling spline shaft 29 in the spline shaft hole rod 27, the extension and retraction of the drilling spline shaft 29 is realized, thereby achieving the effect of squeezing the drilling into the bone.

[0061] Based on Example 1, further, such as Figure 1 — Figure 19 As shown, a drilling and scraping device and its method of use for use via pedicle approach are disclosed. The drilling spline shaft 29 is inserted into the spline hole of the spline shaft hole rod 27. The outer surface of the upper end of the drilling spline shaft 29 is rotatably provided with a suction shaft outer frame 33 through a mechanical seal. The suction shaft outer frame 33 is fixed to the inner wall of the drilling extension connecting plate 28.

[0062] The working principle and beneficial effects of this embodiment are as follows: by inserting a drilled spline shaft 29 into the spline hole of the spline shaft 27, it is convenient to extend and retract the drilled spline shaft 29, thereby facilitating the drilling of the drilled spline shaft 29 inside the bone.

[0063] A suction shaft outer frame 33 is rotatably mounted on the outer surface of the upper end of the drilling spline shaft 29 via a mechanical seal. The suction shaft outer frame 33 is fixed on the extension connecting plate 28. The extension and retraction of the extension connecting plate 28 is controlled by adjusting the drilling extension hydraulic drive 26, which in turn controls the extension and retraction of the drilling spline shaft 29. The drill bit 36 ​​on the drilling spline shaft 29 rotates and drills while pressing. Combined with on-site X-ray observation, the drilling is completed to the specified depth.

[0064] Based on Example 1, further, such as Figure 1 — Figure 19 As shown, a drilling and scraping device and its method of use for pedicle approach are disclosed. The drilling spline shaft 29 is uniformly provided with multiple internal connecting holes 34, all of which are connected to a central air hole. The upper and lower ends of the suction shaft outer frame 33 are rotatably mounted in the drilling spline shaft 29 by mechanical seals. The side end of the suction shaft outer frame 33 is connected to a suction connecting pipe 35, which is fixed and connected to a suction vacuum cylinder 30. The suction vacuum cylinder 30 is fixed in the drilling extension connecting plate 28. A suction vacuum pump 31 for generating negative pressure is provided on the suction vacuum cylinder 30. A recovery cylinder 32 is connected to the suction vacuum cylinder 30 by threaded connection.

[0065] The working principle and beneficial effects of this embodiment are as follows: By uniformly arranging multiple internal connecting holes 34 inside the drill spline shaft 29, and all of the multiple internal connecting holes 34 being connected to the central air hole, by connecting the central air hole to the vacuum central hole 37 set in the center of the drill head 36, and by connecting the vacuum central hole 37 to the central air hole, and by setting multiple drill bit holes 38 at the threaded drill end of the drill head 36, all of which are connected to the vacuum central hole 37, it is possible to recover bone fragments during the drilling process, preventing them from falling into the patient's body and being difficult to remove, thus causing unnecessary hidden dangers; at the same time, the bone fragments are effectively recycled and reused.

[0066] The upper and lower ends of the suction shaft outer frame 33 are both mechanically sealed within the drilled spline shaft 29, achieving both relative rotation and sealing; the mechanical seals can be selected from existing products from conventional manufacturers.

[0067] A suction connection pipe 35 is provided on the side end of the suction shaft outer frame 33. The suction connection pipe 35 is fixed and connected to the suction vacuum cylinder 30. The suction vacuum cylinder 30 is fixed inside the drilling extension connection plate 28 for synchronous displacement. A suction vacuum pump 31 is provided on the suction vacuum cylinder 30 to generate negative pressure. The suction vacuum pump 31 generates negative pressure and recovers the bone fragments through the connected pipe. A recovery cylinder 32 is connected to the suction vacuum cylinder 30 by a threaded connection for collection.

[0068] Based on Example 1, further, such as Figure 1 — Figure 19 As shown, a drilling and scraping device and its method of use for use via the pedicle approach are disclosed, wherein the lower end of the drilling spline shaft 29 is connected to the drilling head 36 through a sealing thread fit.

[0069] The working principle and beneficial effects of this embodiment are as follows: the drill bit 36 ​​can be replaced by different styles of drill bits or grinding rods according to the actual use scenario, so as to remove impurities on the surface of the bone while drilling, but the use scenario is relatively small compared to drilling; it only needs to have ventilation holes inside to be adapted for use and achieve the effect of recycling bone fragments.

[0070] Based on Example 1, further, such as Figure 1 — Figure 19 As shown, a drilling and scraping device and its method of use for pedicle approach are disclosed. The drilling guard 4 includes a hydraulic horizontal transverse actuator 15, which is fixed to the side wall inside the connecting guard frame 2. The hydraulic horizontal transverse actuator 15 drives the drive slide plate 16 to slide laterally within the connecting guard frame 2. Multiple synchronous horizontal longitudinal actuators 17 are fixed on the drive slide plate 16. The telescopic shafts of the multiple synchronous horizontal longitudinal actuators 17 are all connected to the drilling and scraping support 24 of the drilling and scraping device 3 and two connecting cylinders 19 through connecting rods 18. An adjustment actuator 20 is fixed on the connecting cylinder 19. The screw shaft on the adjustment actuator 20 drives the adjustment limiting slide 21 to slide within the connecting cylinder 19 through threaded engagement. An adjustment drive rod 22 is fixed on the adjustment limiting slide 21. A guard frame 23 is fixed to the lower end of the adjustment drive rod 22. The guard frame 23 is set around the drill head 36 of the drilling and scraping device 3.

[0071] The working principle and beneficial effects of this embodiment are as follows: The hydraulic horizontal transverse actuator 15 is fixed to the side wall inside the connecting protective frame 2. By controlling and adjusting the hydraulic horizontal transverse actuator 15, the hydraulic horizontal transverse actuator 15 can drive the drive slide plate 16 to slide laterally within the connecting protective frame 2. At the same time, multiple synchronous horizontal longitudinal actuators 17 are fixed on the drive slide plate 16, so that the telescopic shafts of the multiple synchronous horizontal longitudinal actuators 17 are connected to the drilling scraper support 24 and two connecting cylinders 19 of the drilling scraper 3 through the connecting rod 18. This enables the longitudinal adjustment of the drilling scraper support 24 and the two connecting cylinders 19 in the horizontal direction. Furthermore, by adjusting the adaptation tilt angle, the drilling scraper 3 and the drilling guard frame 4 can be aligned and drilled or ground to the designated position.

[0072] An adjustment driver 20 is fixed on the connecting cylinder 19. The screw shaft on the adjustment driver 20 drives the adjustment limit slide 21 to slide within the connecting cylinder 19 through threaded engagement. This allows control of the adjustment drive rod 22 and the outer guard frame 23 to move inward or outward. Because the outer guard frame 23 is located around the drill head 36 of the drilling scraper 3, the surrounding environment of the drill head 36 needs to be protected during drilling. This is to prevent bone fragments from flying into the patient's body and to prevent sudden nerve twitching of the muscles around the bone from hitting the drill head 36 and causing unnecessary damage. By setting the outer guard frame 23 around the drill head 36 of the drilling scraper 3, it can expand and contract, protecting the drilling environment while compressing the surrounding environment to ensure smooth drilling.

[0073] Based on Example 1, further, such as Figure 1 — Figure 19 As shown, a method of using a drilling and scraping device via a pedicle approach includes the following steps:

[0074] S1: Intraoperative fluoroscopy to verify the puncture location;

[0075] S2: Connect the tilt angle connector 1 to the operating room and gradually enlarge the bone tunnel by adjusting the drilling scraper 3;

[0076] S2: Using an adjustable drill scraper 3 at different angles, the bone canal is used to reach the intervertebral space, and sclerotic bone is scraped away first.

[0077] S3: Control and adjust the drilling scraper 3 and the drilling guard 4 to align the positions for drilling or scraping the bone.

[0078] S4: The drill guard 4 blocks foreign objects around the drilling position, and the drill scraper 3 collects bone fragments during the drilling process to complete the bone tunnel drilling.

[0079] S5: The funnel designed for implementation is placed into the target intervertebral space through the bone tunnel, and the bone graft material is implanted into the intervertebral space by tapping.

[0080] S6: The bone graft was visualized again, and the pedicle screws were implanted into the pedicle as a bone tunnel using the conventional method.

[0081] The working principle and beneficial effects of this embodiment are as follows: the surgical approach passes entirely through the pedicle and bony passage, without causing stimulation or damage to nerves, blood vessels, or anterior organs; it can achieve lesion removal in the intervertebral space, removal of sclerotic bone, and filling with sufficient bone graft material; the self-designed related instruments are convenient to use, simple and safe to operate, and can achieve fully automated control. Compared with the traditional hand-held method of expanding the bone passage, it can more effectively improve the surgeon's physical strength, increase surgical efficiency, and ensure surgical results.

[0082] The above description is not intended to limit the present invention, nor is the present invention limited to the examples given above. Any changes, modifications, additions, or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling and scraping device for use via a pedicle approach, characterized in that: Includes a connecting protective frame (2), with an inclined angle connector (1) hinged at the upper end of the connecting protective frame (2) for drilling angle adjustment, a drilling scraper (3) is provided inside the connecting protective frame (2) for drilling, and a drilling guard (4) is provided inside the connecting protective frame (2) for drilling protection by synchronous displacement with the drilling scraper (3). The drilling frame protector (4) includes a hydraulic horizontal transverse actuator (15), which is fixed to the side wall inside the connecting protective frame (2). The hydraulic horizontal transverse actuator (15) drives the drive slide plate (16) to slide laterally within the connecting protective frame (2). Multiple synchronous horizontal longitudinal actuators (17) are fixed on the drive slide plate (16). The telescopic shafts of the multiple synchronous horizontal longitudinal actuators (17) are all connected to the drilling hole of the drilling scraper (3) through the connecting rod (18). The scraper support base (24) and two connecting cylinders (19) are provided. An adjustment driver (20) is fixed on the connecting cylinder (19). The screw shaft on the adjustment driver (20) drives the adjustment limit slide (21) to slide within the connecting cylinder (19) through threaded engagement. An adjustment drive rod (22) is fixed on the adjustment limit slide (21). A guard frame (23) is fixed at the lower end of the adjustment drive rod (22). The guard frame (23) is set around the drill bit (36) of the drilling scraper (3).

2. The drilling and scraping device for use via the pedicle approach according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tilt angle connector (1) includes a connecting screw (6), a tilting rotary driver (7) for tilting the rotation angle is fixed inside the connecting screw (6), the drive shaft of the tilting rotary driver (7) is connected to the connecting seat (8) through a coupling, a hinged outer disk (9) is fixed on the outer wall of the connecting seat (8), a spherical groove is provided inside the connecting seat (8), a ball (11) is fitted inside the spherical groove, the connecting seat (8) is hinged to the tilting connecting ball seat rod (10) through the ball (11), and a ball (11) is fixed at both ends of the tilting connecting ball seat rod (10).

3. The drilling and scraping device for use via the pedicle approach according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hinged outer disk (9) is hinged with an outer hinge seat (12), and a tilting hydraulic actuator (13) is fixed on the outer hinge seat (12). The telescopic shaft of the tilting hydraulic actuator (13) is hinged to the fixed hinge seat (14) through a short shaft.

4. The drilling and scraping device for use via the pedicle approach according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixed hinge seat (14) is fixed at the eccentric position of the upper end of the connecting protection frame (2); a spherical groove is provided at the center of the upper end of the connecting protection frame (2), and the connecting protection frame (2) is hinged to the ball seat rod (10) through the ball (11).

5. The drilling and scraping device for use via the pedicle approach according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drilling scraper (3) includes a drilling scraper support (24), which is set inside the connecting protection frame (2). A drilling rotary driver (25) and a drilling extension hydraulic driver (26) are fixed on the drilling scraper support (24). The drive shaft of the drilling rotary driver (25) drives the spline shaft hole rod (27) to rotate through a coupling. A drilling extension connecting plate (28) is fixed on the telescopic shaft of the drilling extension hydraulic driver (26).

6. The drilling and scraping device for use via the pedicle approach according to claim 5, characterized in that: The splined shaft (29) is inserted into the splined hole of the splined shaft hole rod (27). The outer surface of the upper end of the drilled splined shaft (29) is provided with a suction shaft outer frame (33) through a mechanical seal. The suction shaft outer frame (33) is fixed to the inner wall of the drilled extension connecting plate (28).

7. The drilling and scraping device for use via the pedicle approach according to claim 6, characterized in that: The drilling spline shaft (29) is uniformly provided with multiple internal connecting holes (34), and the multiple internal connecting holes (34) are all connected to the central air hole. The upper and lower ends of the suction shaft outer frame (33) are rotatably set in the drilling spline shaft (29) through mechanical seals. The side end of the suction shaft outer frame (33) is connected to the suction connecting pipe (35). The suction connecting pipe (35) is fixed and connected to the suction vacuum cylinder (30). The suction vacuum cylinder (30) is fixed in the drilling extension connecting plate (28). The suction vacuum cylinder (30) is provided with a suction vacuum pump (31) that generates negative pressure. The suction vacuum cylinder (30) is connected to the recovery cylinder (32) through threaded connection.

8. The drilling and scraping device for use via the pedicle approach according to claim 7, characterized in that: The lower end of the drilling spline shaft (29) is connected to the drilling head (36) through a sealing thread. The center of the drilling head (36) is provided with a vacuum center hole (37), which is connected to the center air hole. The lower end of the drilling head (36) is provided with a threaded drill bit and multiple drill holes (38) are provided, all of which are connected to the vacuum center hole (37).

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